Pulse voltage shaping circuit and method, high-voltage pulse generator and shock wave device

Abstract

The invention provides a pulse voltage shaping circuit and method, a high-voltage pulse generator and a shock wave device.The pulse voltage shaping circuit at least comprises a high-voltage input end, a pulse trigger end, a high-voltage pulse output end and two voltage sensitive devices with transient high-voltage conductivity, the pulse trigger end is connected with an external trigger circuit, and the high-voltage pulse output end is connected with an external discharge load; the pulse voltage shaping method controls the pulse voltage shaping circuit to output pulse current. The pulse voltage shaping circuit and method are applied to the high-voltage pulse generator. The shock wave device is applied to the high-voltage pulse generator; the pulse voltage shaping circuit provided by the invention has the advantages of short conduction time and steep waveform, and is simple in structure and convenient to manufacture, and a high-voltage pulse generator and a shock wave device designed based on the circuit are excellent in performance, small in size and suitable for batch production.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of electronic circuit, and particularly relates to a pulse voltage shaping circuit and method, and a high-voltage pulse generator and a shock wave device using the pulse voltage shaping circuit. BACKGROUND

[0002] Vascular calcification is a common pathological feature widely existing in people with high blood pressure, hyperlipidemia, and patients with a variety of diseases such as atherosclerosis, diabetes, and chronic kidney disease. The main pathological manifestations are increased stiffness and decreased compliance of the vascular wall, which causes vascular lumen stenosis, affects the hemodynamics in the blood vessel, reduces the normal blood supply of the blood vessel, causes long-term ischemia of tissues and organs, and can cause a variety of clinical diseases, which has a serious impact on the health and quality of life of patients. At present, the main surgical method for vascular calcification and related cardiovascular diseases is percutaneous intervention. Common percutaneous intervention treatment methods mainly include stent implantation, balloon angioplasty, and vascular plaque ablation, etc. However, these treatment methods are usually effective for the calcification of the intima of the superficial vascular wall, but have limited clinical effect on the calcification of the deep media and adventitia of the vascular wall.

[0003] As a new technology, intravascular shock wave lithotripsy combines the common balloon angioplasty in percutaneous intervention with the principle of hydroelectricity, and introduces the principle of hydroelectricity into the calcified lesion inside the blood vessel through the method of interventional surgery to generate shock waves inside the calcified lesion to effectively destroy the blood vessel lesion. Since the hydroelectricity shock wave has the characteristic of selectively destroying calcified tissue, this method can efficiently and safely break the calcified tissue of the blood vessel without damaging the blood vessel tissue, and the shock wave has a stronger breaking effect and penetration depth on the calcified lesion than the traditional balloon, and this operation can achieve good treatment effect on lesions that are difficult to treat by common methods such as nodular calcification, eccentric calcification, and deep calcification.

[0004] The main principle of intravascular shock wave lithotripsy is to utilize the instantaneously generated high voltage and high current to achieve breakdown discharge inside the balloon, forming an instantaneous high-energy state region in the liquid medium. This causes the liquid medium in this region to expand and contract rapidly in an instant, thereby generating a shock wave that propagates outward within the medium. Calcified areas of the blood vessel outside the balloon are broken up under the action of this shock wave. In this physical process, the generation of the shock wave and the conduction speed and duration of the high voltage and high current are strongly correlated. The faster the conduction speed and the shorter the duration, the steeper the shock wave, and the better the effect on breaking up calcified structures in the vascular tissue. Currently, the high-voltage generator controllers of intravascular shock waves based on the electrohydraulic lithotripsy principle all use electronic switches as the control switching devices for the conduction and cutoff of their high-voltage discharge circuits. However, the conduction rise rate of such devices is generally low, resulting in a less steep rising edge of the shock wave generated by the device and insufficient stone crushing efficiency. Furthermore, the use of electronic switches requires relatively complex control circuits and engineering designs to adjust and optimize the output response of the circuit, which leads to complex production, high cost, and limited performance, leaving considerable room for improvement. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Based on this, the present invention proposes a pulse voltage shaping circuit with simple structure and excellent performance, and provides a method for realizing pulse voltage shaping using the circuit; at the same time, based on the provided circuit and method, a shock wave generating device using such a pulse generator is provided.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the embodiments in this specification provide the following technical solutions:

[0007] The present invention provides a pulse voltage shaping circuit in a first aspect, comprising: a high-voltage input terminal connected to an external high voltage source to receive a high voltage required to generate a pulse current; a pulse trigger terminal connected to an external trigger circuit to receive a signal generated by the external trigger circuit to generate the pulse current; a high-voltage pulse output terminal connected to an external discharge load to form a loop for the pulse current and outputting the pulse current to the external discharge load; a first voltage-sensitive device and a second voltage-sensitive device both having transient high-voltage conduction capability, the first voltage-sensitive device and the second voltage-sensitive device being connected in series in the loop of the pulse current; the first voltage-sensitive device and the second voltage-sensitive device having the same conduction direction, and the conduction direction being the same as the output direction of the pulse current; the high-voltage input terminal being coupled to the loop of the pulse current to provide the high voltage of the external high-voltage input; and the pulse trigger terminal being coupled to both ends of the first voltage-sensitive device to provide a voltage signal with the same conduction direction as the first voltage-sensitive device.

[0008] Preferably, the first voltage-sensitive device and the second voltage-sensitive device are selected from any one of transient voltage suppressor (TVS), gas discharge tube and glass discharge tube, respectively.

[0009] Preferably, it further includes at least one energy storage capacitor connected to the high-voltage input terminal, for storing high-voltage charge when the first voltage-sensitive device and / or the second voltage-sensitive device are open-circuited, and releasing the stored charge when the first voltage-sensitive device and the second voltage-sensitive device are turned on.

[0010] Furthermore, it also includes at least one protective impedance, which is a resistive element or an inductive element, or a combination of both, or the protective impedance is a circuit module with equivalent resistivity or equivalent inductance.

[0011] Furthermore, in any of the above embodiments, the number of groups of the first voltage-sensitive device and the second voltage-sensitive device is at least two; the pulse voltage shaping circuit consists of at least two stages of pulse current loops formed by each group of the first voltage-sensitive device and the second voltage-sensitive device; the groups of the first voltage-sensitive device and the second voltage-sensitive device are coupled in a cascaded manner; the pulse current output by the preceding stage pulse current loop serves as the trigger signal for the following stage pulse current loop, and the final stage pulse current loop is coupled to an external discharge load; the high-voltage input terminal is coupled to each stage of the pulse current loop; and the pulse trigger terminal is coupled to both ends of the first voltage-sensitive device in the primary pulse current loop.

[0012] The present invention provides a pulse voltage shaping method in a second aspect. This method is applied to any pulse voltage shaping circuit as provided in the first aspect above. The process is as follows: A) Providing an external high voltage to the high-voltage input terminal of the pulse voltage shaping circuit. The external high voltage is less than the sum of the turn-on voltages of the first voltage-sensitive device and the second voltage-sensitive device, but greater than the turn-on voltage of the second voltage-sensitive device. That is, the external high voltage can turn on the second voltage-sensitive device, but cannot simultaneously turn on the first and second voltage-sensitive devices; B) Providing a transient voltage to the first voltage-sensitive device in the pulse voltage shaping circuit. The transient voltage is greater than the turn-on voltage of the first voltage-sensitive device. That is, the trigger signal received by the pulse trigger terminal can turn on the pulse voltage shaping circuit. A. The first voltage-sensitive device is turned on; B. In the pulse current loop, since the first voltage-sensitive device is turned on, the external high voltage will act on the two ends of the second voltage-sensitive device to form a transient high voltage. Since the external high voltage is sufficient to directly turn on the second voltage-sensitive device, the entire pulse current loop is turned on, and the pulse voltage shaping circuit discharges to the outside through the high voltage pulse output terminal; C. Under the discharge action, the terminal voltage of the high voltage pulse output terminal drops rapidly. When the voltage drops below the turn-on voltage of the second voltage-sensitive device, the second voltage-sensitive device is turned off, the pulse current loop is cut off, and the pulse voltage shaping circuit enters the open circuit state. Through the rapid turn-on and turn-off of the voltage-sensitive device, the pulse voltage shaping circuit outputs a pulse waveform to the outside through the high voltage pulse output terminal.

[0013] The present invention provides a high-voltage pulse generator in a third aspect, comprising a pulse voltage shaping circuit as described in any one of the first aspects above; a control module having at least one output terminal, the control module outputting a control signal based on the pulse voltage shaping method as described in the second aspect above; a high-voltage power supply module providing the external high voltage to the high-voltage input terminal of the pulse voltage shaping circuit; and the control module providing a control signal to the pulse trigger terminal of the pulse voltage shaping circuit.

[0014] Furthermore, it also includes a pulse trigger module, the output terminal of which is connected to the pulse trigger terminal of the pulse voltage shaping circuit, and the signal input terminal of which is connected to the output terminal of the control module to receive control signals.

[0015] Furthermore, the high-voltage pulse generator also includes a power supply module, which draws power from the power grid or battery and converts it into the voltage required by each module of the system to supply power to the system.

[0016] Furthermore, the high-voltage pulse generator also includes at least one boost circuit, which is used to increase the system input voltage to match the different voltages required by the various modules of the system in the high-voltage pulse generator.

[0017] Furthermore, it also includes an input / output module, which is any one or more combinations of buttons, scroll wheels, speakers, and displays. The input / output module is used to receive operation commands and output human-computer interaction information.

[0018] The present invention provides a shock wave device in a fourth aspect, comprising a high-voltage pulse generator as described in any one of the third aspects above, and a high-voltage pulse discharge electrode; the high-voltage pulse discharge electrode is connected to the high-voltage pulse output terminal of the pulse voltage shaping circuit; the high-voltage pulse generated by the high-voltage pulse generator performs pulse discharge at the high-voltage pulse discharge electrode, and the medium between the electrodes forms plasma and rapidly expands and contracts, thereby generating a shock wave.

[0019] Based on the above design, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0020] First, the present invention uses a voltage-sensitive device as the discharge switch for the discharge electrode, which has a steeper pulse boost curve, resulting in less energy loss of the generated shock wave and higher stone crushing efficiency.

[0021] Secondly, using voltage-sensitive devices such as transient voltage suppressors (TVS) makes it easier to integrate the devices into the circuit, and the corresponding triggering and control circuits are simpler, reducing the circuit production cost.

[0022] Third, the present invention uses a cascaded structure to construct a pulse voltage shaping circuit, which can further simplify the trigger circuit and thus reduce the circuit production cost.

[0023] Fourth, most voltage-sensitive devices can be used as circuit protection modules, with high current surge absorption capability and self-recovery, which can improve the overall safety and stability of the circuit.

[0024] Fifth, the present invention also increases the upper limit of energy output by connecting a storage power source in parallel at the high-voltage input terminal and reduces the difficulty of high-voltage DC input, making it easy to make adaptive modifications to the high-voltage input terminal according to the needs of different scenarios.

[0025] Sixth, this invention uses a boost module to boost and match the input voltage, and even designs two boost modules to match the voltage of the high-voltage pulse generation module and the pulse trigger module respectively. This can reduce the requirements and design difficulty of the power supply module for the whole system, improve the universality of power input, and reduce the product's limitations on power conditions. Attached Figure Description

[0026] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a pulse voltage shaping circuit according to this application;

[0028] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a pulse voltage shaping circuit containing an energy storage capacitor according to this application;

[0029] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a cascaded pulse voltage shaping circuit according to this application;

[0030] Figure 4 This is a flowchart of the pulse voltage shaping method in this application;

[0031] Figure 5 This is a block diagram of a high-voltage pulse generator according to this application;

[0032] Figure 6 This is a block diagram of a preferred high-voltage pulse generator module in this application;

[0033] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of a high-voltage pulse generator using a cascaded pulse voltage shaping circuit as described in this application;

[0034] Figure 8 This is a circuit diagram of a shock wave generating device system according to this application.

[0035] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0036] 1. High-voltage pulse generation module; 2. Energy storage module; 3. Control module; 31. Control system; 4. Pulse trigger module; 5. Power supply module; 51. Voltage converter; 52. Boost module; 6. First boost module; 61. Boost circuit; 7. Second boost module; 71. Voltage multiplier circuit; 8. Discharge electrode; 9. Liquid medium. Detailed Implementation

[0037] The embodiments of this application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0038] The following specific examples illustrate the implementation of this application. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of this application from the content disclosed in this specification. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of them. This application can also be implemented or applied through other different specific embodiments, and the details in this specification can also be modified or changed based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of this application. It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the following embodiments and features in the embodiments can be combined with each other. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0039] It should be noted that various aspects of embodiments within the scope of the appended claims are described below. It will be apparent that the aspects described herein can be embodied in a wide variety of forms, and any particular structure and / or function described herein is merely illustrative. Based on this application, those skilled in the art will understand that one aspect described herein can be implemented independently of any other aspect, and two or more of these aspects can be combined in various ways. For example, any number and aspects set forth herein can be used to implement the device and / or practice the method. Additionally, this device and / or method can be implemented using structures and / or functionalities other than one or more of the aspects set forth herein.

[0040] Furthermore, the term "approximately zero" described below is a specialized term in the field of circuitry, indicating that the voltage across a device is approximately zero, which can be equivalent to a short circuit across the device. Additionally, all simple equivalent circuit units of circuit devices or modules described herein can be selected by those skilled in the art to form equivalent replacement embodiments according to actual needs. For example, a circuit unit formed by two voltage-sensitive devices connected in series with the same conduction direction can be equivalent to the first voltage-sensitive device; similarly, a circuit unit formed by two capacitors connected in series with the same voltage direction can be equivalent to an energy storage capacitor.

[0041] It should also be noted that the illustrations provided in the following embodiments are only schematic representations of the basic concept of this application. The illustrations only show the elements related to this application and are not drawn according to the number, shape and size of the elements in actual implementation. In actual implementation, the form, quantity and proportion of each element can be arbitrarily changed, and the layout of the elements may also be more complex.

[0042] Additionally, specific details are provided in the following description to facilitate a thorough understanding of the examples. However, those skilled in the art will understand that practice can be carried out without these specific details.

[0043] Currently, high-voltage controllers for intravascular shock waves based on the electrohydraulic lithotripsy principle all use electronic switches as the control switching devices for turning on and off the high-voltage discharge circuit. However, the rise rate of these devices is generally low, resulting in a less steep rise edge of the shock wave generated by these devices, leading to insufficient lithotripsy efficiency. Furthermore, using electronic switches requires complex control circuits and engineering designs to adjust and optimize the circuit's output response, resulting in complex production, high cost, and limited performance. The inventors have improved the existing discharge circuit by using voltage-sensitive devices that are easier to integrate and have better boost curves, designing a discharge circuit with higher discharge efficiency and a simpler circuit structure. They have also designed control circuit modules and power supply modules to match the new discharge circuit.

[0044] Based on this, this specification mainly provides pulse voltage shaping circuits, methods, high-voltage pulse generators, and shock wave devices. The shock wave device uses a shock wave duct as a specific embodiment to illustrate the principle of high-voltage pulse generation, the construction method of the pulse current loop, the circuit operation process, and the composition structure of the shock wave duct.

[0045] This specification provides a pulse voltage shaping circuit in its first aspect. To explain its basic circuit principle in detail, this specification provides... Figure 1The diagram shows a schematic of a pulse voltage shaping circuit, where ZV1 and ZV2 are voltage-sensitive devices. One end of ZV1 and one end of ZV2 constitute the voltage input terminal, with a resistor R connected between them as the input load. The other ends of ZV1 and ZV2 constitute the voltage output terminal, and the two ends of ZV1 serve as the trigger signal input terminal. In this typical circuit configuration, the breakdown voltage UZ of ZV1 and ZV2 is generally set to be the same. The voltage input at the voltage input terminal is generally set to be greater than one and less than two times the breakdown voltage UZ. When the voltage at the trigger signal input terminal is less than the breakdown voltage UZ, ZV1 is not broken down and is in a high-resistance state, while the voltage at the voltage input terminal is also insufficient to simultaneously break down ZV1 and ZV2, at which point the voltage output terminal outputs zero. When the voltage at the trigger signal input terminal is greater than the breakdown voltage UZ, ZV1 is broken down and conducts. Afterwards, the voltage across its two ends is approximately zero, forming a closed loop with R, ZV2, and the load (not shown) at the voltage output terminal. Under the condition of using a high-voltage pulse therapy medical device as an application scenario, the load at the voltage output terminal is the discharge electrode. At this time, the voltage across ZV2 drops to approximately zero after ZV2 is turned on because the voltage input at the voltage input terminal is greater than the breakdown voltage UZ. Thus, the voltage input at the voltage input terminal is used to excite the load at the voltage output terminal to work, and the discharge electrode discharges instantaneously to form a high-voltage pulse peak. The trigger signal input terminal uses positive and negative voltages to turn ZV1 on and off, thereby enabling the circuit to achieve the switching function and output a high-voltage pulse signal. The circuit has a simple structure, and ZV1 and ZV2 are voltage-sensitive devices, whose conduction mechanism has a steeper boost curve compared to electronic switching tubes. It should be noted that the principle description of this embodiment is based on the case where the breakdown voltages of ZV1 and ZV2 are set to be the same in the typical circuit configuration provided. In this case, the circuit is convenient for the external power supply circuit connected to the voltage input terminal to provide an input voltage with symmetrical properties. However, those skilled in the art can set the breakdown voltages of ZV1 and ZV2 according to the actual situation, and configure the voltage value input to the voltage input terminal and the voltage value input to the trigger signal input terminal according to the values ​​of the two breakdown voltages.

[0046] To illustrate a specific implementation of the schematic diagram described in the above embodiments, this specification provides... Figure 2The diagram shows a pulse voltage shaping circuit with an energy storage capacitor. ZV1 and ZV2 are voltage-sensitive devices, C1 is an energy storage capacitor, and R1 is a circuit load used for circuit protection. C1, ZV2, ZV1, and R1 are connected in series. One end of R1 and the energy storage capacitor constitutes a high-voltage pulse output terminal. The two ends of ZV1 are connected to a pulse trigger terminal, and the two ends of C1 are connected to a high-voltage input terminal. The pulse spike voltage of the pulse trigger terminal is set to be greater than the breakdown voltage UZ1 of ZV1. The input voltage of the high-voltage input terminal is set to be greater than the breakdown voltage UZ2 of ZV2 and less than the sum of UZ1 and UZ2. When the input voltage of the pulse trigger terminal fails to break down ZV1, ZV2, ZV1, R1, and the high-voltage pulse output terminal are connected in series and receive the high-voltage DC power supply. When the input voltage of the high-voltage input terminal is applied, neither ZV1 nor ZV2 can be turned on by the input voltage of the high-voltage input terminal. ZV1 and ZV2 can be approximated as an open circuit. The high-voltage input terminal charges C1 until the voltage across C1 is the same as the voltage value of the high-voltage input terminal. When the voltage spike of the input voltage of the pulse trigger terminal breaks down and turns ZV1 on, the voltage across ZV1 drops to approximately zero. The voltage across C1 or the voltage of the high-voltage DC power supply terminal breaks down and turns ZV2 on, and the voltage across ZV2 also quickly drops to approximately zero. At this time, the series circuit can be approximated as consisting of C1, R1, and the load of the high-voltage pulse output terminal, or approximated as consisting of the high-voltage input terminal, R1, and the load of the high-voltage pulse output terminal. That is, the energy storage capacitor C1 or the high-voltage input terminal supplies power to the load of the high-voltage pulse output terminal. It should be understood that the setting of the energy storage capacitor C1 in this embodiment is only a preferred circuit configuration and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the independent claims.

[0047] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a cascaded pulse voltage shaping circuit provided in this specification, wherein the front-end circuit includes a first voltage-sensitive device ZV. n,1 The second voltage-sensitive device ZV in the front stage n,2 Pre-stage protection load R n Pre-stage energy storage capacitor C n Pre-amplifier DC power supply U n The front-end circuit includes the first voltage-sensitive device ZV of the rear stage. n+1,1 The second voltage-sensitive device ZV in the subsequent stage n+1,2 The downstream protection load R n+1 The subsequent energy storage capacitor C n+1 Post-stage DC power supply U n+1 The component configurations of the pre-amplifier and power amplifier circuits are the same as those in this manual. Figure 2 The circuit structures in the illustrated embodiments are the same, with the high-voltage pulse output of the front-end circuit coupled to the two ends of the first voltage-sensitive device in the back-end circuit. Figure 3The cascaded pulse voltage shaping circuit shown includes two stages. Those skilled in the art can expand the number of stages according to the configuration of the cascaded circuit. In this embodiment, the cascaded pulse voltage shaping circuit reduces the voltage required for the pulse trigger terminal of the pulse voltage shaping circuit to turn on the first voltage-sensitive device by cascading at least two sets of voltage-sensitive devices.

[0048] This specification also provides a pulse voltage shaping method for use in the above-described pulse voltage shaping circuit. Figure 4 The flowchart illustrates a pulse voltage shaping method. Step A involves providing an external high voltage to the high-voltage input terminal of the pulse voltage shaping circuit. This external high voltage is less than the sum of the turn-on voltages of the first and second voltage-sensitive devices, but greater than the turn-on voltage of the second voltage-sensitive device. In other words, the external high voltage can turn on the second voltage-sensitive device, but cannot simultaneously turn on both the first and second voltage-sensitive devices. Step B involves providing a transient voltage to the first voltage-sensitive device in the pulse voltage shaping circuit. This transient voltage is greater than the turn-on voltage of the first voltage-sensitive device. In other words, the trigger signal received by the pulse trigger terminal can turn on the first voltage-sensitive device in the pulse voltage shaping circuit. Step C involves the pulse... In the current loop, since the first voltage-sensitive device is turned on, the external high voltage will act on the two ends of the second voltage-sensitive device to form a transient high voltage. Since the external high voltage is sufficient to directly turn on the second voltage-sensitive device, the entire pulse current loop is turned on, and the pulse voltage shaping circuit discharges to the outside through the high-voltage pulse output terminal. In step D, under the discharge action, the terminal voltage of the high-voltage pulse output terminal drops rapidly. When the voltage drops below the turn-on voltage of the second voltage-sensitive device, the second voltage-sensitive device turns off, the pulse current loop is cut off, and the pulse voltage shaping circuit enters an open circuit state. Through the rapid turn-on and turn-off of the voltage-sensitive device, the pulse voltage shaping circuit outputs a pulse waveform to the outside through the high-voltage pulse output terminal. In the cascaded pulse voltage shaping circuit, the external high voltage in step A includes the external high voltage in each stage of the circuit, and the transient voltage in step B includes the pulse voltage applied to the two ends of the first voltage-sensitive device in the subsequent stage circuit by the pulse current loop in each stage of the circuit.

[0049] Preferably, the voltage-sensitive device in the above embodiments can be a transient voltage suppressor (TVS). In general circuits, TVS is used to protect electronic circuits from transient overvoltage damage, mainly to prevent the circuit from being affected by lightning strikes, voltage spikes, inductive coupling, and other transient overvoltages. Its key characteristic is its nonlinear voltage-current characteristic. Under normal operating voltage, the TVS exhibits a high-resistance state and does not affect the normal operation of the circuit. However, when the circuit is subjected to a transient overvoltage, the voltage-current characteristic of the TVS becomes very steep, causing its resistance to decrease rapidly. By using two TVS transistors as described above... Figure 2 The voltage-sensitive device in the TVS module, besides enabling the circuit switching function of the voltage-controlled switch module at a lower cost, can also protect the circuit from damage in the event of a high-voltage fault, thereby improving the system's reliability and lifespan. It should be noted that the TVS device used in this preferred embodiment is only an example of a feasible solution. Figure 1 or Figure 2 The embodiment shown is an optional voltage-sensitive device. Any voltage-sensitive device that can achieve transient high voltage suppression, such as a gas discharge tube or a glass discharge tube, can be used by those skilled in the art to build a switching circuit or a high-voltage pulse generation module based on the principles of existing devices, device manuals, and circuit example diagrams. TVS and other devices are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the independent claims.

[0050] Based on the above basic pulse voltage shaping circuit principle, specific pulse voltage shaping circuit, and preferred embodiments, this specification provides a high-voltage pulse generator on the third page, including a high-voltage pulse generation module 1, a control module 3, and a pulse triggering module 4, the module block diagram of which is shown below. Figure 5 As shown, the high-voltage pulse generating module 1 uses any of the pulse voltage shaping circuits provided in the first aspect of this specification, preferably such as... Figure 2 The pulse voltage shaping circuit with energy storage capacitor shown is more preferably applicable to, for example... Figure 3 The cascaded pulse voltage shaping circuit shown has the output terminal of the control module 3 connected to the signal input terminal of the pulse trigger module 4, and the output terminal of the pulse trigger module 4 connected to the pulse trigger terminal of the high voltage pulse generation module 1. The pulse control signals "CF+" and "CF-" output by the control module 3 control the pulse output of the pulse trigger module 4. The trigger pulse output by the pulse trigger module 4 can trigger and conduct the current loop of the high voltage pulse generation module 1, so that the high voltage input terminal of the high voltage pulse generation module 1 can provide a high voltage spike of high voltage pulse signal to the working load connected to the high voltage pulse generation module 1. The control module 3 controls the on / off of the current loop of the high voltage pulse generation module 1 through the pulse trigger module 4.Figure 4 The power input to the control module 3 and the pulse trigger module 4 shown are parts that can be implemented by those skilled in the art based on basic circuit knowledge, and are not intended to limit the scope of this embodiment.

[0051] Furthermore, based on the above block diagram of the high-voltage pulse generator, this specification provides... Figure 6 The preferred high-voltage pulse generator module block diagram shown includes a power supply module 5, which supplies power to the entire circuit system. The input terminals of the first boost module 6 and the second boost module 7 are respectively connected to the power supply module 5, and their output terminals are respectively connected to the power input terminal of the pulse trigger circuit 4 and the high-voltage input terminal of the high-voltage pulse generator module 1. The control module 3 is directly powered by the power supply module 5. The first boost module 6 and the second boost module 7 can respectively boost the output voltage of the power supply module 5 and match it to the voltage required by the pulse trigger module 4 and the high-voltage pulse generator module 1. The boost module design reduces the requirements on the output characteristics of the power supply module 5, improving its versatility to adapt to various power conditions. Furthermore, this embodiment also shows the connection relationship of the energy storage module 2, which is connected in parallel to the high-voltage input terminals of the second boost module 7 and the high-voltage pulse generator module 1, further reducing the dependence of the high-voltage pulse generator module 1 on the external power supply at the high-voltage input terminal. Figure 2 In the embodiment shown, the energy storage capacitor C1 can be used as the energy storage module 2 in this embodiment. However, it should be understood that the boost module and energy storage module in this example are only preferred embodiments and should not be used as a limitation on the scope of protection of the independent claims.

[0052] Based on the above basic pulse voltage shaping circuit principle, specific pulse voltage shaping circuit, and preferred embodiments, this specification also provides a high-voltage pulse generator using a cascaded pulse voltage shaping circuit on page three, as shown in the schematic diagram below. Figure 7As shown, the output of the pulse trigger module can be considered as being directly provided by the control module 3, or it can be considered as being provided by the primary pulse current loop. The primary pulse current loop is composed of a series structure of the primary first voltage-sensitive device ZV11, the primary second voltage-sensitive device ZV12, and the primary energy storage capacitor C1. The two ends of ZV11 directly receive the control signal output by the control module 3. The two ends of the secondary first voltage-sensitive device ZV21 are connected to the primary pulse current loop to receive the pulse voltage output by the primary pulse current loop, which serves as the conduction voltage of ZV21 itself. The secondary pulse current loop is composed of a series structure of the secondary first voltage-sensitive device ZV21, the secondary second voltage-sensitive device ZV22, and the secondary energy storage capacitor C2. The third to Nth stages have the same structure as the primary and secondary stages and are cascaded sequentially. The high-voltage pulse output terminal is coupled to the pulse current loop of the Nth stage. The power supply module 5 charges the energy storage capacitors of each stage through the boost module 52. In this embodiment, ZV11 and ZV12 can be low-voltage voltage-sensitive devices, and the turn-on voltage of ZV12 is within the output voltage range of the control module 3. That is, the device selection for ZV11 can use a voltage-sensitive device that can be turned on by only controlling the voltage of the "CF+" and "CF-" signals. This embodiment reduces the difficulty of circuit design and the cost of the control module and trigger circuit by using low-voltage voltage-sensitive devices to form a cascaded pulse voltage shaping circuit structure.

[0053] Figure 8 This is a circuit diagram of a shock wave device system provided in this specification. The diagram shows the discharge electrode 9 and the liquid medium 8 that generate the electrohydraulic shock wave. The power module 5 supplies power to the control system 31 via a voltage converter 51, and supplies power to the voltage multiplier circuit 71 and the pulse trigger module 4 via a boost circuit 61. M2 in the diagram represents the boost coil, and M3 represents the control system in the control module 3. Those skilled in the art can construct optional boost circuits 61 based on the principles of existing devices, device manuals, and circuit example diagrams, such as pulse width modulation (PWM) boost converters or switched capacitor boost converters. The boost converter is not intended to limit the scope of the claims in this embodiment; any boost circuit 61 whose output voltage is suitable for the operation of the voltage multiplier circuit 71 and the trigger pulse module 4 should be considered as limiting the scope of the claims. Figure 8 The circuit working principle of the shock wave device shown is as follows: The output voltage of the voltage multiplier circuit 71 is U. HV Its output terminal is connected to both ends of the energy storage capacitor C1 and one end of each of the voltage-sensitive devices ZV1 and ZV2 in the pulse voltage shaping circuit. The other end of each of ZV1 and ZV2 is connected to the discharge electrode 8, which is located in the liquid medium 9. The output terminal of the pulse trigger module 4 is connected to both ends of ZV2. The breakdown voltages of the voltage-sensitive devices ZV1 and ZV2 are set to be the same, both set to U. ZSet the output voltage U of the pulse trigger module 4 TR The breakdown voltage U of the voltage-sensitive device ZV2 is greater than Z Set the output voltage U of the voltage multiplier circuit 71 HV The numerical range is U Z <U HV <2U Z When the pulse trigger module 4 outputs U TR When ZV2 breaks down, its voltage is approximately zero. At this time, the circuit voltage formed by C1, ZV1, discharge electrode 8, and ZV2 is entirely applied to ZV1 and discharge electrode 8 because U Z HV Therefore, ZV1 is also broken down, and simultaneously, the discharge electrode 8 discharges within the liquid medium 9, generating a hydroelectric effect that forms a shock wave. The shock wave system described in this embodiment utilizes a voltage-sensitive device as the core of the circuit design—a pulse voltage shaping circuit—along with its matching voltage multiplier circuit 71 and pulse trigger module 4. The overall circuit structure is easier to integrate and miniaturize, and the cost is lower than products using electronic switches such as MOSFETs. Furthermore, the voltage characteristic curve is steeper during discharge, resulting in higher energy release efficiency. It should be understood that while the circuit modules shown in this embodiment utilize the specific structures and devices described in the preceding embodiments, those skilled in the art can select devices capable of realizing the functions of each circuit module based on actual production conditions. The specific voltage multiplier circuits and devices such as diodes and transistors, and their number, in this embodiment should not be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

[0054] In this specification, the same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to mutually. Each embodiment focuses on describing the differences from other embodiments. In particular, the descriptions of the embodiments described later are relatively simple, and relevant parts can be referred to the descriptions of the foregoing embodiments.

[0055] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.​

Claims

1. A pulse voltage shaping circuit, characterized in that, include: High voltage input terminal, which is connected to an external high voltage source to receive the high voltage required to generate pulse current; A pulse trigger terminal is connected to an external trigger circuit and receives a signal generated by the external trigger circuit to generate the pulse current. A high-voltage pulse output terminal is connected to an external discharge load to form a loop for the pulse current and output the pulse current to the external discharge load. Both the first voltage-sensitive device and the second voltage-sensitive device have transient high-voltage conduction capability, and the first voltage-sensitive device and the second voltage-sensitive device are connected in series in the circuit of the pulse current; The first voltage-sensitive device and the second voltage-sensitive device have the same conduction direction, and the conduction direction is the same as the output direction of the pulse current; The high-voltage input terminal is coupled to the circuit of the pulse current to provide the high voltage of the external high-voltage input; The pulse trigger terminal is coupled to both ends of the first voltage-sensitive device, providing a voltage signal with the same conduction direction as the first voltage-sensitive device.

2. The pulse voltage shaping circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first voltage-sensitive device and the second voltage-sensitive device are respectively selected from any one of transient voltage suppression tube, gas discharge tube and glass discharge tube.

3. The pulse voltage shaping circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes at least one energy storage capacitor connected to the high voltage input terminal, for storing high voltage charge when the first voltage-sensitive device and / or the second voltage-sensitive device is open, and releasing the stored charge when the first voltage-sensitive device and the second voltage-sensitive device are turned on.

4. The pulse voltage shaping circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes at least one protective impedance, which is a resistive element or an inductive element, or a combination of both, or the protective impedance is a circuit module with equivalent resistivity or equivalent inductivity.

5. The pulse voltage shaping circuit according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The number of groups of the first voltage-sensitive device and the second voltage-sensitive device is at least two. The pulse voltage shaping circuit consists of at least two stages of pulse current loops, each group of first voltage-sensitive devices and second voltage-sensitive devices. The first and second voltage-sensitive devices in each group are coupled in a cascaded manner. The pulse current output from the pre-stage pulse current loop serves as the trigger signal for the subsequent pulse current loop, and the final stage pulse current loop is coupled to an external discharge load. The high-voltage input terminal is coupled to each stage of pulse current circuit; The pulse trigger terminal is coupled to the two ends of the first voltage-sensitive device in the primary pulse current loop.

6. A pulse voltage shaping method, characterized in that, The pulse voltage shaping circuit as described in any one of claims 1-5 has the following process: A. Provide the external high voltage to the high voltage input terminal of the pulse voltage shaping circuit. The external high voltage is less than the sum of the conduction voltages of the first voltage-sensitive device and the second voltage-sensitive device, but greater than the conduction voltage of the second voltage-sensitive device. That is, the external high voltage can turn on the second voltage-sensitive device, but cannot turn on the first voltage-sensitive device and the second voltage-sensitive device at the same time. B. Provide a transient voltage to the first voltage-sensitive device in the pulse voltage shaping circuit. The transient voltage is greater than the turn-on voltage of the first voltage-sensitive device, that is, the trigger signal received by the pulse trigger terminal can turn on the first voltage-sensitive device in the pulse voltage shaping circuit. C. In the pulse current loop, since the first voltage-sensitive device is turned on, the external high voltage will act on the two ends of the second voltage-sensitive device to form a transient high voltage. Since the external high voltage is sufficient to directly turn on the second voltage-sensitive device, the entire pulse current loop is turned on, and the pulse voltage shaping circuit discharges to the outside through the high voltage pulse output terminal. D. Under the action of discharge, the terminal voltage of the high voltage pulse output terminal drops rapidly. When the voltage drops below the conduction voltage of the second voltage-sensitive device, the second voltage-sensitive device is turned off, the loop of the pulse current is cut off, and the pulse voltage shaping circuit enters the open circuit state. Through the rapid conduction and turn-off of the voltage-sensitive device, the pulse voltage shaping circuit outputs a pulse waveform to the outside through the high voltage pulse output terminal.

7. A high-voltage pulse generator, characterized in that, include: The pulse voltage shaping circuit as described in any one of claims 1-5; The control module has at least one output terminal, and the control module outputs a control signal based on the pulse voltage shaping method of claim 6; A high-voltage power supply module provides the external high voltage to the high-voltage input terminal of the pulse voltage shaping circuit; The control module sends a control signal to the pulse trigger terminal of the pulse voltage shaping circuit.

8. The high-voltage pulse generator according to claim 7, characterized in that, Also includes: A pulse trigger module is provided, wherein the signal input terminal of the pulse trigger module is connected to the output terminal of the control module to receive control signals, and the output terminal of the pulse trigger module is connected to the pulse trigger terminal of the pulse voltage shaping circuit.

9. The high-voltage pulse generator according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that, Also includes: A power module that draws power from the grid or battery and converts it into the voltage required by each module of the system to supply power to the system.

10. The high-voltage pulse generator according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that, It also includes at least one boost circuit, which is used to increase the system input voltage to match the different voltages required by the various modules in the system of the high-voltage pulse generator.

11. The high-voltage pulse generator according to any one of claims 7 or 8, characterized in that, Also includes: The input / output module is any one or more of buttons, scroll wheels, speakers, and displays. The input / output module is used to receive operation commands and output human-computer interaction information.

12. A shock wave device, characterized in that, include: The high-voltage pulse generator as described in any one of claims 7-11; A high-voltage pulse discharge electrode is connected to the high-voltage pulse output terminal of the pulse voltage shaping circuit. The high-voltage pulse generated by the high-voltage pulse generator is pulsed and discharged at the high-voltage pulse discharge electrode. The medium between the electrodes forms plasma and rapidly expands and contracts, thereby generating a shock wave.

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