Tightening shaft device and tightening equipment

Abstract

The invention provides a tightening shaft device and tightening equipment, and relates to the technical field of automobile manufacturing. The tightening shaft device comprises a power shaft, a transmission part and a tightening part. The power shaft comprises a fixed power shaft and a movable power shaft. The transmission part comprises a transmission gear, and an inner gear ring is arranged in the center of the transmission gear. The power shaft drives the tightening piece to rotate through the transmission piece; the tightening piece is installed on the transmission piece in a swinging mode, and an elastic piece is arranged between the tightening piece and the transmission piece; a spherical gear is arranged at one end of the tightening piece and installed in the inner gear ring. Clamping openings are formed in the ends, away from the ball gears, of the tightening pieces. According to the tightening shaft device, two screws can be tightened at the same time, the distance between the two power shafts can be freely adjusted according to the actual situation, and when the positions of the screws and the positions of the screw holes have deviation, the tightening pieces can float according to the actual situation, so that the screws and the screw holes are located at the proper tightening positions; and the tightening failure or the damage to the workpiece is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of automotive manufacturing technology, and more specifically, to a tightening shaft device and tightening equipment. Background Technology

[0002] In the automotive manufacturing industry, the production of aluminum bodies and steel-aluminum hybrid bodies, as well as the assembly of the bodies, requires the tightening of a large number of screws or bolts.

[0003] In related technologies, single-axis tightening devices can only tighten one screw at a time, resulting in low efficiency and an inability to meet the need for simultaneous tightening of two adjacent screws. While dual-axis tightening devices can tighten two screws simultaneously, the fixed distance between the two tightening axes makes them unsuitable for screws with varying spacing, leading to poor applicability. Furthermore, both single-axis and dual-axis tightening devices lack an effective floating mechanism at the tightening head, making them prone to tightening failure or workpiece damage when there is a deviation between the screw position and the screw hole position. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to at least address some of the deficiencies mentioned in the related technologies, this application provides a tightening shaft device and tightening equipment.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this application provides a tightening shaft device, including a power shaft, a transmission component, and a tightening component. The power shaft includes a fixed power shaft and a movable power shaft. The fixed power shaft is mounted on the frame of the tightening device, and the movable power shaft is slidably mounted on the frame, capable of sliding relative to the fixed power shaft in a direction close to or away from it. The transmission component includes a transmission gear, which is rotatably mounted on the power shaft, and an internal gear ring is formed at the center of the transmission gear. The power shaft drives the tightening component to rotate via the transmission component; the tightening component is oscillatingly mounted on the transmission component, and an elastic element is provided between the tightening component and the transmission component to ensure that the tightening component and the transmission component remain coaxial when there is no external force; one end of the tightening component is provided with a ball gear, which is mounted inside the internal gear ring and meshes with it; the end of the tightening component away from the ball gear is provided with a locking interface for engaging bolts.

[0006] Furthermore, the transmission component includes a housing, and a protrusion is provided inside the housing. The internal gear ring of the transmission gear includes a mounting section and a transmission section, and a partition plate is provided between the mounting section and the transmission section. The mounting section is sleeved on the protrusion, and the ball gear is installed inside the transmission section.

[0007] Furthermore, an opening communicating with the outside is provided on the inner wall opposite to the protrusion on the housing, and a snap-fit ​​part is provided on the transmission gear facing the opening. The snap-fit ​​part abuts against the edge of the opening, and the transmission gear extends at least partially from the opening to the outside of the housing.

[0008] Furthermore, a needle roller bearing is provided between the mounting section and the protrusion, and a ball bearing is provided between the snap-fit ​​portion and the edge of the opening.

[0009] Furthermore, the portion of the transmission gear extending outside the housing has a threaded section. A fixing rod is positioned on the tightening member near the ball gear, and a split nut is fitted onto the fixing rod, with the split nut installed within the threaded section to confine the ball gear within the transmission section. A gap is provided between the ball gear and the bottom of the transmission section, allowing the tightening member to move towards or away from the transmission member.

[0010] Furthermore, a damping groove is provided on the tightening member at a position away from the ball gear, and the elastic member is compressed and installed in the damping groove. One end of the elastic member abuts against the bottom of the damping groove, and the other end of the elastic member away from the damping groove abuts against the transmission member.

[0011] Furthermore, a lead screw is rotatably mounted on the frame, and a slider is threadedly mounted on the lead screw. The slider can move along the lead screw in a direction that is close to or away from the fixed power shaft, and the movable power shaft is mounted on the slider.

[0012] Furthermore, a scale is provided on the frame along the moving direction of the slider, and an indicator rod is provided on the movable power shaft extending toward the scale, the indicator rod being able to be attached to the scale.

[0013] Furthermore, the transmission component includes a floating sleeve mounted on the power shaft at an angle to it. The transmission gear is rotatably mounted on the floating sleeve at the end furthest from the power shaft, and the floating sleeve can drive the transmission gear to move in a direction closer to or further away from the power shaft.

[0014] Furthermore, multiple transmission gears are arranged between the power shaft and the tightening member, and adjacent transmission gears mesh sequentially. The tightening member is mounted on the transmission gears located away from the power shaft.

[0015] Furthermore, a magnet is provided on one end of the tightening component near the card interface for attracting screws, bolts, or nuts inside the card interface.

[0016] This application also provides a tightening device, including a frame and a tightening shaft device as described in any of the above embodiments, wherein the tightening shaft device is mounted on the frame.

[0017] With the above technical solution, when using the tightening shaft device of this application to tighten screws or bolts, the position of the movable power shaft is adjusted to ensure a suitable distance between the movable power shaft and the fixed power shaft, enabling the simultaneous tightening of two screws or bolts. The screw or bolt to be tightened is engaged in the locking interface of the tightening component. The power shaft drives the transmission gear to rotate, which in turn drives the tightening component to rotate through the internal gear ring, tightening the screw or bolt in the locking interface.

[0018] When the tightening component is not subjected to radial force, under the action of the elastic component, the tightening component and the transmission gear remain coaxial. The transmission gear drives the tightening component to move to the threaded hole, and the tightening operation can be carried out normally.

[0019] If there is a slight misalignment or displacement between the screw and the threaded hole, or if the threaded hole is not a straight hole, the tightening component moves the screw or bolt against the threaded hole. Through the transmission component, it moves closer to the threaded hole, applying pressure to the screw or bolt on the tightening component, causing the end of the screw or bolt to extend into the threaded hole and remain aligned with it. At this point, the screw or bolt causes the tightening component to oscillate, compressing the elastic element. The elastic element deforms, and after deformation, the transmission gear, through the ball gear, drives the tightening component to perform the normal tightening operation. The tightening component transmits power through the engagement of the ball gear and the internal gear ring of the transmission gear; even if the tightening component tilts, it will not affect normal transmission.

[0020] The tightening shaft device of this application can tighten two screws simultaneously, resulting in higher efficiency. The distance between the two power shafts can also be adjusted arbitrarily according to actual conditions, making it more convenient to use and highly adaptable. Furthermore, when there is a deviation between the screw position and the screw hole position, the tightening component can float according to the actual situation, ensuring that the screw and screw hole are in the appropriate tightening position, avoiding tightening failure or damage to the workpiece.

[0021] Other features and advantages of this application will be described in detail in the following detailed description section. Attached Figure Description

[0022] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of this application and should not be regarded as a limitation of the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0023] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the tightening device provided in an embodiment of this application from one perspective. Figure 2 A structural schematic diagram of the tightening device provided in an embodiment of this application from another perspective; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the tightening shaft provided in an embodiment of this application from one perspective; Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the transmission component and tightening component provided in an embodiment of this application from one perspective; Figure 5 This is a structural schematic diagram from another perspective of the transmission and tightening components provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0024] icon: 100-Drive shaft; 110-Fixed drive shaft; 120-Moving drive shaft; 200-Transmission component; 210-Transmission gear; 211-Mounting section; 212-Transmission section; 213-Ball bearing; 214-Needle roller bearing; 215-Threaded section; 216-Split nut; 217-Support ball; 220-Housing; 221-Protrusion; 230-Elastic component; 240-Floating sleeve; 300-Tightening component; 310-Ball gear; 320-Fixed rod; 330-Damping groove; 340-Magnet; 350-Snap-on interface; 500-Frame. Detailed Implementation

[0025] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of this application described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0026] In the description of this application, it should be noted that the terms "inner" and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly used when the product is in use. They are used only for the convenience of describing this application and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used only to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0027] In the description of this application, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "setup" and "connection" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0028] This embodiment provides a tightening shaft device to solve the problem in related technologies that dual-shaft tightening equipment has poor applicability and is prone to tightening failure or damage to the workpiece.

[0029] Please see Figures 1 to 5 This embodiment provides a tightening shaft device, including a power shaft 100, a transmission component 200, and a tightening component 300. The power shaft 100 includes a fixed power shaft 110 and a movable power shaft 120. The fixed power shaft 110 is mounted on the frame 500 of the tightening device, and the movable power shaft 120 is slidably mounted on the frame 500, allowing it to slide relative to the fixed power shaft 110 in a direction close to or away from the fixed power shaft 110. The transmission component 200 includes a transmission gear 210, which is rotatably mounted on the power shaft 100, and an internal gear ring is formed at the center of the transmission gear 210. The drive shaft 100 drives the tightening member 300 to rotate via the transmission member 200; the tightening member 300 is oscillatingly mounted on the transmission member 200, and an elastic member 230 is provided between the tightening member 300 and the transmission member 200 so that the tightening member 300 and the transmission member 200 remain coaxial when there is no external force; one end of the tightening member 300 is provided with a ball gear 310, which is installed in the internal gear ring and meshes with the internal gear ring gear; the end of the tightening member 300 away from the ball gear 310 is provided with a locking interface 350 for locking bolts.

[0030] Specifically, when using the tightening shaft device of this embodiment, the fixed power shaft 110 is rigidly mounted on the equipment frame 500, and the movable power shaft 120 is slidably mounted on the same frame 500 via a slide rail or guide rod. Based on the actual center distance between the two bolts to be tightened, the movable power shaft 120 is manually or driven by a servo mechanism to slide along the frame 500, so that the distance between it and the fixed power shaft 110 precisely matches the bolt hole spacing, thereby adjusting the two tightening units to positions corresponding to the two target bolt holes on the workpiece.

[0031] When the locking interface 350 at the front end of the tightening member 300 initially locks the bolt and approaches the threaded hole, if the bolt and the threaded hole are fully aligned, the tightening member 300, under the action of the elastic member 230, remains coaxial with the transmission gear 210 and directly enters the threaded hole.

[0032] If common assembly errors exist, such as radial offset, angular deviation, or non-perpendicularity of the screw hole, the bolt end will be obstructed after contacting the edge of the screw hole, generating a reaction force that pushes the tightening component 300 to oscillate slightly, compressing the elastic element 230 between it and the transmission component 200. The tightening component 300 achieves omnidirectional floating around the center of the ball gear 310, automatically adjusting its posture to make the bolt axis and the screw hole axis tend to be aligned, ensuring that the bolt is smoothly inserted into the screw hole and completing the floating hole alignment process.

[0033] The drive shaft 100 starts rotating, driving the transmission gear 210 to rotate. The internal gear ring at the center of the transmission gear 210 and the ball gear 310 at the end of the tightening component 300 always maintain meshing. Even if the tightening component 300 is tilted due to alignment requirements, the spherical meshing structure between the ball gear 310 and the internal gear ring can still reliably transmit torque. The torque passes through the ball gear 310, the tightening component 300, the clamping interface 350, and the bolt to complete the tightening operation. Of course, the two tightening units operate synchronously, achieving simultaneous tightening of two bolts.

[0034] The tightening shaft device in this embodiment can tighten two bolts simultaneously, which is more efficient than single-shaft equipment, reduces the number of reciprocating strokes, and shortens cycle time, meeting the high-cycle production requirements of automobile manufacturing. The distance between the two power shafts 100 is infinitely adjustable, and one set of equipment can cover tightening tasks for various vehicle models and hole spacings, eliminating the need for dedicated tightening heads for different products and reducing equipment investment and switching costs. The floating tightening head design effectively compensates for problems such as bolt pre-installation misalignment, bolt hole machining errors, hole position deviations caused by body welding deformation, and local deformation caused by the high flexibility of aluminum materials. These issues can all be compensated for by the floating of the tightening component 300, avoiding quality problems such as thread stripping, bolt breakage, and aluminum crushing caused by forced tightening.

[0035] In one embodiment, exemplarily, such as Figure 4 , Figure 5 As shown, the transmission component 200 includes a housing 220, and a protrusion 221 is provided inside the housing 220. The internal gear ring of the transmission gear 210 includes a mounting section 211 and a transmission section 212. A partition plate is provided between the mounting section 211 and the transmission section 212. The mounting section 211 is sleeved on the protrusion 221, and the ball gear 310 is installed inside the transmission section 212.

[0036] Mounting section 211 engages with protrusion 221 of housing 220 to provide rigid support for radial positioning and axial limiting of transmission gear 210, preventing it from wobbling. Transmission section 212 accommodates ball gear 310, enabling torque transmission and angular flexing, while ensuring the freedom and reliability of the universal joint. Transmission section 212 and mounting section 211 are separated by a partition plate, effectively preventing functional interference and preventing floating motion from affecting installation stability.

[0037] The housing 220 protrusion 221 serves as a high-precision positioning reference and can be configured as a cylindrical or stepped shaft structure. The mounting section 211 is fitted onto the protrusion 221 to form a clearance fit or transition fit, ensuring that when the transmission gear 210 is in motion, there is no radial runout, preventing poor meshing of the ball gear 310 due to gear wobbling; there is no axial movement, as the partition plate fits with the end face of the protrusion 221 to limit axial displacement; and the rotation center is stable, providing a foundation for the smooth transmission of the power shaft 100.

[0038] The inner wall of the transmission section 212 matches the outer contour of the ball gear 310, ensuring that the ball gear 310 can swing around the center of the ball in multiple directions when it is in this cavity, and always maintains meshing with the internal gear ring.

[0039] In one embodiment, exemplarily, such as Figure 4 , Figure 5 As shown, an opening communicating with the outside is provided on the inner wall of the housing 220 opposite to the protrusion 221. A locking part is provided on the transmission gear 210 facing the opening, abutting against the edge of the opening, and at least part of the transmission gear 210 extends from the opening to the outside of the housing 220. If the tightening member 300 is completely placed inside the housing 220, torque needs to be transmitted through a long shaft or intermediate part, resulting in a complex structure, poor rigidity, and a tendency to generate gaps. With the transmission gear 210 extending directly out of the housing 220, its exposed portion serves as a mounting platform, connecting with the tightening member 300. This results in a very short torque path, reducing energy loss and elastic deformation, and improving tightening accuracy and response speed.

[0040] The locking part and the edge of the opening form a mechanical stop pair, providing axial upper limit to prevent the transmission gear 210 from axially dislodging due to tightening reaction force or vibration. Radial positioning is achieved, and the edge of the opening forms a circumferential constraint on the locking part, suppressing gear wobble. Furthermore, the axial thrust generated during tightening is transmitted to the housing 220 by the locking part and the edge of the opening, preventing the entire load from being borne by the internal protrusion 221 or the bearing. Moreover, the protrusion 221 and the locking part also form a dual-point support: the protrusion 221 provides rotational support on the inner side, while the locking part and the opening provide thrust-resistant support on the outer side, together constructing a highly rigid and impact-resistant transmission frame.

[0041] The tightening component 300 needs to achieve multi-directional micro-oscillation under the action of the elastic component 230 to center the screw hole. If it is completely enclosed within the housing 220, the oscillation will be interfered with by the housing wall, and the floating stroke will be limited. In this embodiment, the tightening component 300 is installed outside the housing 220 with no obstructions around it, and can freely achieve tilting oscillation of ±5° to 10°, which fully adapts to screw hole deviations and avoids interference jamming or overload of the elastic component 230 due to insufficient space.

[0042] In one embodiment, exemplarily, such as Figure 4 , Figure 5As shown, a needle roller bearing 214 is provided between the mounting section 211 and the protrusion 221, and a ball bearing 213 is provided between the snap-fit ​​part and the edge of the opening.

[0043] The needle roller bearing 214, with its densely packed, slender rollers, provides extremely high radial stiffness and load-bearing capacity within a very small radial space. This effectively withstands the high torque reaction force and radial off-center load transmitted by the power shaft 100 during tightening, preventing the transmission gear 210 from becoming misaligned. Furthermore, rolling friction is far less than sliding friction. The placement of the needle roller bearing 214 between the mounting section 211 and the protrusion 221 reduces the torque during startup or operation in this embodiment, improving response speed and making it suitable for high-frequency, fast-paced automotive assembly lines.

[0044] The ball bearing 213 optimizes the outer limiting position, achieving axial constraint and micro-motion compensation for the installation position. When tightening the bolt, the bolt reaction force generates an axial thrust. The ball bearing 213 is specifically designed to withstand unidirectional or bidirectional axial forces, effectively transferring the thrust to the housing 220 and preventing direct hard contact between the locking part and the opening edge. Secondly, angular contact ball bearings or deep groove ball bearings have a certain self-aligning capability, which can adapt to small angular deflections caused by temperature changes or assembly errors, avoiding stress concentration. Furthermore, without a bearing, the locking part and the opening edge are prone to static friction or stick-slip under thrust, resulting in fluctuations in tightening force. The ball bearing 213 provides stable rolling support, ensuring smooth axial movement and improving tightening consistency.

[0045] In one embodiment, exemplarily, such as Figure 4 As shown, the portion of the transmission gear 210 extending outside the housing 220 has a threaded section 215. A fixing rod 320 is located on the tightening member 300 near the ball gear 310. A split nut 216 is fitted onto the fixing rod 320 and is installed within the threaded section 215 to confine the ball gear 310 within the transmission section 212. A gap is provided between the ball gear 310 and the bottom of the transmission section 212 to allow the tightening member 300 to move towards or away from the transmission member 200.

[0046] The ball gear 310 needs to swing freely within the transmission section 212 to achieve universal transmission. However, without axial restraint, it may axially disengage from the transmission section 212 under vibration, impact, or reverse force, leading to transmission failure. In this embodiment, the extended end of the transmission gear 210 is provided with a threaded section 215. The fixing rod 320 on the tightening member 300 passes through the center of the ball gear 310. The split nut 216 is fitted onto the fixing rod 320 and screwed into the threaded section 215 of the transmission gear 210. The end face of the split nut 216 presses against the ball gear 310, axially restricting it within the transmission section 212. This prevents the ball gear 310 from falling off, ensures transmission continuity, and features a simple and reliable structure that eliminates the need for irreversible connections such as welding or riveting.

[0047] A small gap is maintained between the bottom of the ball gear 310 and the bottom surface of the inner cavity of the transmission section 212. When there is an axial depth deviation between the bolt and the screw hole, the tightening member 300 can drive the ball gear 310 to move slightly along the axial direction, so that the bolt end can smoothly contact and screw into the screw hole, avoiding "locking" or "suspended tightening".

[0048] In one embodiment, exemplarily, such as Figure 4 As shown, a support ball bearing 217 is provided between the split nut 216 and the fixed rod 320 to support the fixed rod 320 radially. The fixed rod 320 passes through the inner hole of the split nut 216. If it is a clearance fit, when the tightening component 300 swings or is subjected to lateral force, the fixed rod 320 is prone to radial wobble or slight vibration, leading to problems such as unstable posture of the tightening component 300, uneven meshing load of the ball gear 310, and uneven force on the elastic component 230. Multiple evenly distributed balls are embedded between the inner wall of the split nut 216 and the outer circle of the fixed rod 320. The balls form point contact rolling support with the fixed rod 320, restricting its radial displacement while allowing the fixed rod 320 to slide freely axially. This achieves decoupling of radial constraint and axial freedom of motion, ensuring that the trajectory of the tightening component 300 is controllable and vibration-free during floating.

[0049] In one embodiment, exemplarily, such as Figure 4 As shown, a damping groove 330 is provided on the tightening member 300 at a position away from the ball gear 310, and the elastic member 230 is compressed and installed in the damping groove 330. One end of the elastic member 230 abuts against the bottom of the damping groove 330, and the other end of the elastic member 230 away from the damping groove 330 abuts against the transmission member 200.

[0050] The elastic element 230 not only ensures that the tightening element 300 and the transmission element 200 remain aligned when there is no external force, but also has buffering and energy dissipation functions. Specifically, the elastic element 230 absorbs the tightening impact energy during compression, suppressing high-frequency vibrations caused by rapid alignment or bolts protruding into the threaded hole. In addition, it also provides a restoring force for the floating of the tightening element 300.

[0051] If the elastic element 230 is directly exposed between the tightening element 300 and the transmission element 200, it is prone to bending, tilting, or instability due to lateral forces, leading to problems such as uneven reset force, oscillation and jamming of the tightening element 300, and premature fatigue fracture of the elastic element 230. In this embodiment, the damping groove 330 serves as a guide cavity for the elastic element 230, constraining its radial displacement. The elastic element 230 is installed within the groove, allowing only compression and elongation along the axial direction. This prevents instability of the elastic element 230, ensures that the reset force always acts along the designed axis, and improves the repeatability and consistency of the floating motion.

[0052] In one embodiment, for example, a lead screw is rotatably mounted on the frame 500, and a slider is threaded onto the lead screw. The slider can move along the lead screw in a direction close to or away from the fixed power shaft 110, and the movable power shaft 120 is mounted on the slider. The lead screw has a small lead, and combined with the high-precision slider, it can achieve micron-level displacement resolution, and the adjustment is continuous and stepless, not limited by fixed gears. It can accurately match any bolt hole spacing, adapt to mixed-model production on the same production line, and supports digital setting of process parameters.

[0053] Ordinary trapezoidal lead screws or ball screws achieve self-locking by relying on the thread helix angle being smaller than the friction angle when there is no power or driving force. Even under high reaction force, the slider will not retract or move due to the force. Compared with cylinders, hydraulic cylinders and other non-self-locking mechanisms, no additional locking device is required.

[0054] In one embodiment, exemplarily, such as Figure 2 As shown, a scale is provided on the frame 500 along the moving direction of the slider, and an indicator rod extends from the movable drive shaft 120 toward the scale, which can be attached to the scale. Operators or maintenance engineers can directly visually read the actual distance between the movable drive shaft 120 and the fixed drive shaft 110 without relying on the control system interface or sensor data. During equipment debugging, changeover, or first-piece verification, this allows for quick confirmation that the mechanical position matches the process setting, avoiding the risk of "false positioning" caused by program errors, encoder drift, or communication failures.

[0055] In one embodiment, exemplarily, such as Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the transmission component 200 includes a floating sleeve 240, which is mounted on the power shaft 100 and is angled to the power shaft 100. A transmission gear 210 is rotatably mounted on the end of the floating sleeve 240 away from the power shaft 100, and the floating sleeve 240 can drive the transmission gear 210 to move in a direction close to or away from the power shaft 100.

[0056] In the above embodiments, the ball gear 310 and the elastic element 230 mainly achieve angular oscillation around the center of the ball, which is equivalent to being able to oscillate arbitrarily within only one plane, but the axial translation capability is limited. In this embodiment, the floating sleeve 240 is installed on the power shaft 100 at an inclined angle, forming a spatial inclined guide mechanism. When there is a compound deviation between the bolt and the screw hole, the floating sleeve 240 can slide along its own axis, driving the transmission gear 210 and the tightening element 300 to move, realizing the axial translation of the working surface, improving the working range of this embodiment, and improving its applicability.

[0057] In one embodiment, exemplarily, such as Figures 1 to 3As shown, multiple transmission gears 210 are arranged between the power shaft 100 and the tightening member 300, and adjacent transmission gears 210 mesh sequentially. The tightening member 300 is mounted on the transmission gear 210 away from the power shaft 100. In scenarios with densely arranged multi-axis tightening heads, the power shaft 100 usually needs to be connected to a servo motor, and the installation position is limited, making it difficult to directly align with the bolt hole. In this embodiment, through 2-stage, 3-stage, or even more gear meshing, the power transmission path can be turned, detoured, or laterally offset, allowing the power source to be arranged in a non-interference area away from the bolt hole. The tightening member 300 can still extend to the working position through the transmission member 200, accurately aligning with the target bolt hole. This greatly improves the layout freedom of the equipment in confined spaces and avoids interference between the motor and the vehicle body structure, clamps, or other tightening heads.

[0058] Of course, it is understandable that in actual use, the number of transmission gears 210 can be arbitrarily set according to the actual transmission distance required, as long as it can meet the requirements of this embodiment.

[0059] Furthermore, regarding the transmission torque, if the diameter of the final gear is larger than that of the input gear, it achieves speed reduction and torque increase; conversely, it achieves speed increase and torque reduction. Thus, this embodiment can flexibly adapt to different tightening torque requirements without replacing the servo motor, reducing the requirement for the motor's peak torque, saving costs and energy consumption, and improving low-speed control accuracy during the tightening process.

[0060] In one embodiment, exemplarily, such as Figure 4 As shown, a magnet 340 is provided on the end of the tightening component 300 near the card interface 350 to attract screws and bolts inside the card interface 350. After automatic feeding, the bolts need to be "grabbed" by the tightening head and transported to the screw hole. Without the attraction force, the bolts are easily dislodged from the card interface 350 due to gravity, vibration, or acceleration, especially under conditions of inverted installation, lateral tightening, or high-speed movement. By using magnetic force to firmly attract ferromagnetic fasteners into the card interface 350, the bolts can still be reliably held even if the equipment moves or flips quickly. This eliminates the risk of "dry tightening" and also prevents bolts from falling into the vehicle body cavity or inside the equipment, causing foreign object residue or equipment jamming.

[0061] This embodiment also provides a tightening device, including a frame 500 and a tightening shaft device as described in any of the above embodiments, wherein the tightening shaft device is mounted on the frame 500.

[0062] The tightening device in this embodiment includes the tightening shaft device in any of the above embodiments, and thus possesses all the beneficial effects of the tightening shaft device, which will not be described in detail here.

[0063] It should be noted that, where there is no conflict, the features in the embodiments of this application can be combined with each other.

[0064] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit this application. Various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A screwing shaft device, characterized by, The utility model provides a kind of screwing device, including: Power shaft (100), the power shaft (100) includes fixed power shaft (110) and movable power shaft (120), the fixed power shaft (110) is installed on the frame (500) of tightening equipment, the movable power shaft (120) is slidably installed on the frame (500), along the movable power shaft (120) can be slid relative to the fixed power shaft (110) in the direction of approaching or away from the fixed power shaft (110); Transmission member (200), the transmission member (200) includes transmission gear (210), the transmission gear (210) is rotatably fitted on the power shaft (100), and inner ring is provided at the center of the transmission gear (210) Gear ring; Tightening member (300), the power shaft (100) drives the rotation of the tightening member (300) by the transmission member (200);The tightening member (300) is swingably installed on the transmission member (200), and a resilient member (230) is provided between the tightening member (300) and the transmission member (200) to keep the coaxiality of the tightening member (300) and the transmission member (200) when there is no external force;One end of the tightening member (300) is provided with a ball gear (310), the ball gear (310) is installed in the inner ring, and the ball gear (310) is engaged with the inner ring Gear ring;The end of the tightening member (300) away from the ball gear (310) is provided with a clamping port (350) for clamping a bolt.

2. The screwdown shaft arrangement of claim 1 wherein, The transmission member (200) includes a housing (220), and the housing (220) is provided with a protrusion (221) inside; The inner ring of the transmission gear (210) includes an installation section (211) and a transmission section (212), a partition plate is arranged between the installation section (211) and the transmission section (212), the installation section (211) is sleeved on the protrusion (221), and the ball gear (310) is installed in the transmission section (212).

3. The screwdown shaft arrangement of claim 2, wherein, An opening is formed on the opposite inner wall of the housing (220) away from the protrusion (221) and is in communication with the outside, a clamping portion is arranged on the transmission gear (210) in the direction facing the opening, the clamping portion abuts against the edge of the opening, and the transmission gear (210) at least partially extends out of the opening to the outside of the housing (220).

4. The screwdown shaft arrangement of claim 3 wherein, A needle bearing (214) is arranged between the installation section (211) and the protrusion (221), and a ball bearing (213) is arranged between the clamping portion and the edge of the opening.

5. The screwdown shaft arrangement of claim 4 wherein, A threaded section (215) is formed on the part of the transmission gear (210) extending out of the housing (220); A fixed rod (320) is arranged on the tightening member (300) close to the ball gear (310), a split nut (216) is sleeved on the fixed rod (320), and the split nut (216) is installed in the threaded section (215) to limit the ball gear (310) in the transmission section (212). The ball gear (310) is provided with a gap at the bottom of the transmission section (212), so that the tightening member (300) can move in the direction of approaching or moving away from the transmission member (200).

6. The screwdown shaft arrangement of any one of claims 1 to 5 wherein, The damping groove (330) is provided on the tightening member (300) away from the ball gear (310), and the elastic member (230) is compressed and installed in the damping groove (330). One end of the elastic member (230) abuts against the bottom of the damping groove (330), and the other end of the elastic member (230) away from the damping groove (330) abuts against the transmission member (200).

7. The screwdown shaft arrangement of claim 1 wherein, The rack body (500) is rotatably installed with a lead screw, the lead screw is threadedly and cooperatively installed with a sliding block, the sliding block can move along the lead screw in the direction of approaching or moving away from the fixed power shaft, and the movable power shaft is installed on the sliding block.

8. The screwdown shaft arrangement of claim 1, wherein The transmission member (200) comprises a floating sleeve (240), the floating sleeve (240) is installed on the power shaft (100), and the floating sleeve (240) is provided at an angle with the power shaft (100). The transmission gear (210) is rotatably installed on one end of the floating sleeve (240) away from the power shaft (100), and the floating sleeve (240) can drive the transmission gear (210) to move in the direction of approaching or moving away from the power shaft (100).

9. The screwdown shaft arrangement of claim 1 wherein, The transmission gear (210) is provided between the power shaft (100) and the tightening member (300), and adjacent transmission gears (210) are sequentially meshed. The tightening member (300) is installed on the transmission gear (210) away from the power shaft (100).

10. A tightening device, characterized by The tightening shaft device comprises a rack body (500) and the tightening shaft device of any one of claims 1 to 9, and the tightening shaft device is installed on the rack body (500).

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