Machining method of Z-shaped elbow arm fabrication hole
By combining a self-centering fixture and an end-cutter, efficient machining of Z-shaped elbow process holes was achieved, solving the problem of difficulty in ensuring coaxiality and parallelism in traditional methods, and significantly improving machining accuracy and efficiency.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202511825161.9
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-12-05
- Publication Date
- 2026-02-13
AI Technical Summary
Traditional processes require multiple tool changes and platform rotations when machining Z-shaped elbow holes, making it difficult to guarantee coaxiality and parallelism, resulting in long production cycles and increased equipment load.
The machine employs a self-centering fixture and a machine-made end, and achieves automatic centering and one-time clamping of parts through modular tooling design. It utilizes a five-axis coordinate control system to complete multi-face machining, ensuring coaxiality and parallelism.
It improves the machining accuracy and efficiency of elbow-type parts, reduces equipment load and production cycle, and increases clamping efficiency by 70%.
Smart Images
Figure CN121514945A_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The application belongs to the field of mechanical manufacturing, and particularly relates to a machining method of Z-shaped elbow arm process holes. BACKGROUND
[0002] The elbow arm type part is an important component part connecting the load wheel and the suspension device in the armored vehicle, and the machining quality has an important influence on the load bearing capacity. Taking the elbow arm as an example, the large shaft and the small shaft have higher requirements on the size tolerance and the shape tolerance, and therefore the center holes are needed to be drilled on the two shaft end faces to ensure the machining quality of the subsequent processes. The traditional process adopts the horizontal machining center machining mode to mill the one side end face, then changes the tool to drill the center hole and the hole mouth angle, then the workbench is rotated by 180 degrees to machine the other side end face, and the center hole and the hole mouth angle are machined. The machining method needs to change the tool multiple times and rotate the platform, and the hole mouth angle and the center hole are independently machined, so that the coaxiality and the parallelism are difficult to guarantee, the production load of the special machining equipment is increased, and the production cycle of the product is seriously affected. SUMMARY
[0003] The application provides a machining method of Z-shaped elbow arm process holes, and machining precision and machining efficiency of the elbow arm type part are improved.
[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the application provides a machining method of Z-shaped elbow arm process holes, and the specific steps are as follows: Step one, first check the elbow arm blank shaft surface without defects affecting clamping and causing clamping eccentricity; Step two, clamp the elbow arm blank through a self-centering clamp: The self-centering clamp comprises a workbench 1, a movable pressing plate 3, a corner type oil pressure pressing plate 4, a V-shaped supporting plate 5, a supporting screw 6 and a lever type oil pressure pressing plate 7. Sliding grooves are arranged on the workbench, the movable pressing plate 3, the corner type oil pressure pressing plate 4, the V-shaped supporting plate 5 and the lever type oil pressure pressing plate 7 are moved to the corresponding positions according to the blank size, then the blank is placed on the V-shaped supporting plate, and the V-shaped supporting plate supports the large shaft and the small shaft of the blank respectively; the supporting screw is used to support the corner of the blank, so as to prevent slipping during machining; After positioning, the corner type oil pressure pressing plate is used to press the small shaft of the blank, the movable pressing plate is used to lock the large shaft of the blank, and then the lever type oil pressure pressing plate is used to press the movable pressing plate, so as to complete the clamping work of the blank. Step three, after clamping, the center hole and the hole mouth angle on the large shaft and the small shaft of the blank are machined by using an end milling machine at one time, so as to ensure that the coaxiality and the parallelism are within the accuracy range.
[0005] Beneficial effects: the present application replaces the horizontal machining center with the end puncher, designs the modular tooling on the basis of the equipment and the part characteristics, realizes the automatic centering one-time rapid clamping, reduces the coaxiality and parallelism error of the size shaft of the curved arm, and improves the machining efficiency of the part.
[0006] The design points of the machining method for the process hole of the elbow arm type part of the present application are as follows: 1. The traditional machining of the elbow arm part is carried out on the horizontal machining center, according to the structure and machining position of the part, the operator uses the combined die to clamp, this method requires higher experience of the operator, and the assembly time is longer, the clamping time of one piece needs about 90 minutes, in order to improve the clamping efficiency, a self-centering clamp is designed. The clamp is designed in the form of modular quick change, the operator can realize automatic centering by placing the part on the tooling, which reduces the manual intervention adjustment, also reduces the number of parts to be replaced during changeover, greatly improves the clamping efficiency, and the clamping time of one piece is shortened to 20 minutes.
[0007] 2. The elbow arm type part has high requirements for the coaxiality and parallelism of two shafts, due to the Z-shaped structure of the part, the horizontal machining center needs to rotate the worktable to process twice, so that the coaxiality of the center hole and the hole opening angle and the parallelism of the two axes are poor and unstable. After using the end puncher combined with the self-centering clamp processing scheme, the operator only needs to adjust the position of each part of the clamp according to the size of the part to complete the clamping, and the end puncher can complete the milling of multiple faces, drilling of center hole and drilling of hole opening angle in one clamping according to the five-axis coordinate control system. Through the control of the numerical control system, the machining precision and efficiency are greatly improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0008] Figure 1 A self-centering clamp for machining process holes of elbow arm type parts.
[0009] 1. Workbench 2. Curved arm blank 3. Movable pressing plate 4. Corner type oil pressure pressing plate 5. V-shaped supporting plate 6. Supporting screw 7. Lever type oil pressure pressing plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0010] In order to make the purpose, content and advantages of the present application more clear, the specific embodiments of the present application are described in further detail as follows.
[0011] The present application proposes a machining method for Z-shaped elbow arm process holes, the specific steps are as follows: Step one, first check whether there is a large protrusion on the shaft surface of the curved arm blank which affects clamping and causes clamping eccentricity; Step two, clamp the curved arm blank through the self-centering clamp: The articulated arm blank is mounted on a self-centering fixture; the self-centering fixture includes a worktable 1, a movable pressure plate 3, a corner hydraulic pressure plate 4, a V-shaped support plate 5, a support screw 6, and a lever-type hydraulic pressure plate 7. A slide groove is set on the workbench. The movable pressure plate 3, the corner hydraulic pressure plate 4, the V-shaped support plate 5 and the lever hydraulic pressure plate 7 are all modularly designed and can be adjusted in position relative to the slide groove of the workbench. According to the blank size, the operator moves the positioning and clamping modules of the fixture (movable pressure plate 3, corner hydraulic pressure plate 4, V-shaped support plate 5, support screw 6 and lever hydraulic pressure plate 7) to the corresponding positions, and then places the blank on the V-shaped support plate, which supports the large and small shafts of the blank respectively; since the blank has a Z-shaped structure, the support screws are also needed to hold the corners of the blank to prevent slippage during processing.
[0012] After positioning, a rotary hydraulic plate is used to clamp the small shaft of the blank, and a movable pressure plate is used to lock the large shaft of the blank. Then, a lever-type hydraulic plate is used to press the movable pressure plate, completing the clamping of the part blank. All of the above clamping devices are hydraulically controlled, which can ensure the stability of the part during processing.
[0013] Step 3: After clamping, use an end mill to machine the center hole and hole corner on the large and small shafts of the blank in one go, ensuring that their coaxiality and parallelism are within the accuracy range.
[0014] This invention has been successfully applied to the machining of process holes in elbow-type parts. By using an end mill combined with a dedicated self-centering fixture to replace a machining center, significant economic and social benefits have been achieved. In terms of economic benefits, the self-centering fixture can quickly position and lock the workpiece, allowing multiple processes to be completed simultaneously in a single setup. Compared to traditional machining methods, this significantly reduces machining time and increases efficiency by approximately 70%. In terms of social benefits, the combination of the equipment and modular tooling provides new ideas and methods for the machining industry.
[0015] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims
1. A method for machining a Z-shaped elbow arm process hole, characterized in that, The specific steps are as follows: Step 1: First, check the crank arm blank shaft surface for defects that may affect clamping or cause clamping eccentricity. Step 2: Clamp the crank arm blank using a self-centering fixture: The self-centering fixture includes a worktable 1, a movable pressure plate 3, a corner hydraulic pressure plate 4, a V-shaped support plate 5, a support screw 6, and a lever-type hydraulic pressure plate 7. A slideway is set on the worktable. According to the size of the blank, the movable pressure plate 3, the corner hydraulic pressure plate 4, the V-shaped support plate 5 and the lever hydraulic pressure plate 7 are moved to the corresponding positions. Then the blank is placed on the V-shaped support plate, and the V-shaped support plate supports the large and small shafts of the blank respectively. The corners of the blank are held in place by the support screws to prevent slippage during processing. After positioning, use a corner hydraulic plate to clamp the small shaft of the blank, use a movable plate to lock the large shaft of the blank, and then use a lever hydraulic plate to press the movable plate to complete the clamping of the part blank. Step 3: After clamping, use an end mill to machine the center hole and hole corner on the large and small shafts of the blank in one go, ensuring that their coaxiality and parallelism are within the accuracy range.
2. The method for machining a Z-shaped elbow process hole according to claim 1, characterized in that: The self-centering clamp is hydraulically controlled.
3. The method for machining a Z-shaped elbow process hole according to claim 1, characterized in that: The movable pressure plate 3, the corner hydraulic pressure plate 4, the V-shaped support plate 5, and the lever-type hydraulic pressure plate 7 are all modularly designed and can be adjusted in position relative to the slide groove of the worktable.