Sand blowing device without external air source and sand blowing control method

Abstract

The invention discloses an external-air-source-free sand blowing device and a sand blowing control method.The external-air-source-free sand blowing device comprises a valve shell, a gravity sand conveying channel, a wind power sand conveying channel and an air inlet channel are arranged in the valve shell, and the gravity sand conveying channel communicates with the wind power sand conveying channel and is used for enabling sand grains to move to the wind power sand conveying channel under the action of the gravity of the sand grains; the air inlet channel communicates with the wind power sand conveying channel and is used for inputting directional wind into the wind power sand conveying channel. The sand closing mechanism is mounted on the valve shell corresponding to the gravity sand conveying channel and is used for selectively closing or opening the gravity sand conveying channel; the air generating mechanism is mounted on the valve shell corresponding to the air inlet channel and is used for driving external air to enter the air inlet channel to form directional air; and the controller is electrically connected with the wind generating mechanism and the sand closing mechanism and is used for controlling the wind generating mechanism and the sand closing mechanism to work according to the locomotive sand blowing demand signal. According to the invention, the occupied space of the locomotive is very small, the weight load brought to the locomotive is very light, and the maintenance cost and difficulty are very low.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the field of rail transit, and particularly relates to a sand blowing device without external air source and a sand blowing control method. BACKGROUND

[0002] The existing sanding device for rail vehicles is supplied with compressed air by a sanding air system in the vehicle, and then the sanding device drives sand particles to be sprayed between the wheel set and the rail by the compressed air to increase adhesion, prevent wheel set from slipping and idling, and ensure safe operation of the vehicle.

[0003] The existing sanding air system relies on an independent compressed air network, and the air source is generated by a vehicle-mounted compressor. After energy storage by an air cylinder, the compressed air is delivered to each sanding device through branch pipelines and pneumatic components. However, this architecture leads to three defects: 1. Large space occupation The external air source equipment such as the compressor and the air cylinder needs to be separately installed in the vehicle equipment cabin, and the main air path pipeline with a diameter of more than 50 mm needs to be arranged along the vehicle bottom longitudinally, which forms a space interference with the electrical lines and the brake pipeline. Taking a certain subway train as an example, the equipment volume occupied by the sanding system is 1.2 m 3 , which accounts for 8% of the available space of the whole vehicle. 3

[0004] 2. Significant weight load The pipelines for the locomotive sanding air system are all made of stainless steel, and the weight can reach 28 kg. The sanding air path control module weighs about 20 kg. Statistics show that the sanding system increases the overall weight of the locomotive by 120-150 kg, which directly affects the locomotive push-to-weight ratio and energy consumption indicators.

[0005] 3. High maintenance cost The failure rate of multi-stage pneumatic components (such as solenoid valves and pressure reducing valves) accounts for 72% of the total failure of the sanding system, and the air leakage problem at the pipeline joint needs to be detected monthly. SUMMARY

[0006] The present application aims to provide a sand blowing device without external air source and a sand blowing control method to solve at least one aspect of the problems and defects in the background technology.

[0007] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application provides the following technical solutions: A sand blowing device without external air source, comprising: ​The valve housing contains a gravity sand conveying channel, a wind-driven sand conveying channel, and an air inlet channel. The gravity sand conveying channel is connected to the wind-driven sand conveying channel to allow sand particles to move to the wind-driven sand conveying channel under their own gravity. The air inlet channel is connected to the wind-driven sand conveying channel to input directional air into the wind-driven sand conveying channel. A sand-closing mechanism is installed on the valve body corresponding to the gravity sand conveying channel, and is used to selectively close or open the gravity sand conveying channel; An air-generating mechanism, installed on the valve housing corresponding to the air inlet channel, is used to drive outside air into the air inlet channel to form the directional airflow; and The controller is electrically connected to the air-generating mechanism and the sand-closing mechanism, and is used to control the operation of the air-generating mechanism and the sand-closing mechanism according to the locomotive sand-blowing demand signal.

[0008] The present invention relates to a non-input air source blowing device. By setting a gravity sand conveying channel, a wind-driven sand conveying channel, and an air inlet channel within the valve housing, and further setting a sand-closing mechanism that can selectively close the gravity sand conveying channel, and a wind-generating mechanism that can send external airflow into the air inlet channel to form directional wind, sand particles can enter the wind-driven sand conveying channel from the gravity sand conveying channel under their own gravity. The sand particles in the wind-driven sand conveying channel can then be sprayed onto the contact surface of the roller and the track under the force of the directional wind sent in by the wind-driven sand conveying channel. This eliminates the need for compressors, air cylinders, branch pipes, and pneumatic components, achieving a dual reduction and optimization in size and weight. It occupies very little space on the locomotive and places very little weight load on the locomotive. Moreover, the structure of the present invention is very simple, and the maintenance complexity and operation and maintenance costs are also very low. In addition, by setting a controller to control the operation of the sand-closing mechanism and the air-generating mechanism according to the sand blowing requirements of the locomotive, automatic control of sand blowing can be achieved.

[0009] In one embodiment of this application, the gravity sand conveying channel includes a first gravity sand conveying section, a second gravity sand conveying section, and a third gravity sand conveying section connected sequentially from top to bottom; the first gravity sand conveying section is curved along the sand inlet direction, and the axis of the sand inlet of the first gravity sand conveying section is vertically arranged; the second gravity sand conveying section extends horizontally; the third gravity sand conveying section extends horizontally, or extends downwardly in a horizontal direction; the sand-closing mechanism is disposed within the second gravity sand conveying section.

[0010] In one embodiment of this application, the third gravity sand conveying section is inclined downwards in the direction from the air inlet of the air inlet channel to the sand outlet of the wind-driven sand conveying channel.

[0011] In one embodiment of this application, the inner wall of the second gravity sand conveying section has a sand outlet end face, and the sand outlet of the first gravity sand conveying section is located on the sand outlet end face; a sand outlet baffle is provided on the sand outlet end face, and the sand outlet baffle is located above the sand outlet of the first gravity sand conveying section.

[0012] In one embodiment of this application, the sand-closing mechanism includes a push-cover drive member installed on the valve housing and a sealing cover connected to the push-cover drive member. The sealing cover is disposed in the second gravity sand conveying section corresponding to the sand outlet of the first gravity sand conveying section, and is used to close or open the sand outlet of the first gravity sand conveying section under the drive of the push-cover drive member.

[0013] In one embodiment of this application, the sealing cap is bowl-shaped and made of elastic material. The sealing cap is recessed in the horizontal direction away from the sand outlet of the first gravity sand conveying section. When the sand-closing mechanism seals the sand outlet of the first gravity sand conveying section, the sand-blocking eaves are located inside the bowl cavity of the sealing cap.

[0014] In one embodiment of this application, an air inlet sand-blocking eave extends from the air outlet end of the air inlet channel toward the air inlet direction of the wind-powered sand conveying channel, and the air inlet sand-blocking eave is located above the air outlet of the air inlet channel.

[0015] In one embodiment of this application, a sand flow sensor electrically connected to the controller is included. The sand flow sensor is installed in the gravity sand conveying channel and is located downstream of the sand closing mechanism along the flow direction of the sand particles.

[0016] A method for controlling sand blowing includes the following steps: S10. Provide a sand blowing device without an external air source as described above; S20. When the controller determines that the sand blowing function needs to be activated based on the locomotive information, the controller controls the sand closing mechanism to move away from the sand outlet of the first gravity sand conveying section to a preset distance, and controls the air generating mechanism to drive the external airflow into the air inlet channel. S30. During the sand blowing process, the controller determines whether the sand blowing volume meets the requirements or whether to stop sand blowing based on the locomotive information. If the controller determines that the sand blowing volume cannot meet the requirements, the controller controls the sand closing mechanism to move away from the sand outlet of the first gravity sand conveying section at a specified speed until the sand blowing volume of the entire sand blowing device without external air source can suppress the idling of the locomotive rollers. If the controller determines that sand blowing needs to be stopped, the controller controls the air generating mechanism to stop working and controls the sand closing mechanism to seal the sand outlet of the first gravity sand conveying section.

[0017] The sand blowing control method of the present invention, in conjunction with the above-mentioned sand blowing device without external air source, can realize automatic control of sand blowing, significantly improving the convenience of sand blowing operation and the response rate of the device.

[0018] In one embodiment of this application, the sand blowing device without an external air source further includes a sand flow sensor electrically connected to the controller. The sand flow sensor is installed in the gravity sand conveying channel and is located downstream of the sand closing mechanism along the flow direction of the sand particles. In step S30, the controller also determines whether the sand blowing device without an external air source is normal or whether the sand flow is normal based on the sand flow sensor's monitoring of the sand flow. When the air-generating mechanism is working and the sand-closing mechanism does not block the sand outlet of the first gravity sand conveying section, if the sand flow sensor detects sand particles, the controller determines that the sand blowing device without external air source is working normally; if no sand particles are detected, the controller determines that the sand blowing device without external air source is abnormal. When the air-generating mechanism stops working and the sand-closing mechanism seals the sand outlet of the first gravity sand conveying section, if the sand flow sensor does not detect sand particles, the controller determines that the sand blowing device without an external air source is normal; if the sand flow sensor detects sand particles, the controller determines that the sand blowing device without an external air source is abnormal. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To facilitate understanding by those skilled in the art, the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of a sandblasting device without an external air source according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 2 for Figure 1 A schematic cross-sectional view of the valve housing shown. Figure 3 for Figure 1 A cross-sectional view of the sealing cap shown; Figure 4 for Figure 1 The circuit control framework diagram of the sand blowing device without an external air source is shown.

[0021] Figure label: 10. Valve housing; 111. First gravity sand conveying section; 112. Second gravity sand conveying section; 113. Third gravity sand conveying section; 114. Sand outlet end face; 115. Sand inlet bottom face; 12. Pneumatic sand conveying channel; 13. Air inlet channel; 131. Installation section; 132. Tightening section; 14. Sand outlet baffle; 15. Air outlet baffle; 16. Installation cavity; 20. Sand-closing mechanism; 21. Push-cover drive component; 22. Sealing cover; 221. Bowl cavity; 222. Insertion cavity; 223. Sealing end face; 224. Annular protrusion; 30. Wind-generating mechanism; 40. Controller; 50. Sand flow sensor. Detailed Implementation

[0022] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0023] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the orientation descriptions, such as up, down, front, back, left, right, etc., are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limiting this invention.

[0024] In the description of this invention, "several" means one or more, "more than" means two or more, "greater than," "less than," and "exceeding" are understood to exclude the stated number, while "above," "below," and "within" are understood to include the stated number. The use of "first" and "second" in the description is merely for distinguishing technical features and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance, or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features, or implicitly indicating the order of the indicated technical features.

[0025] In the description of this invention, unless otherwise explicitly defined, terms such as "set up," "install," and "connect" should be interpreted broadly, and those skilled in the art can reasonably determine the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention in conjunction with the specific content of the technical solution.

[0026] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only for explaining the invention and are not intended to limit the invention; that is, the described embodiments are merely some embodiments of the invention, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the invention described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0027] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the invention.

[0028] Please see Figures 1 to 4 The present invention provides a sand blowing device without an external air source, comprising a valve housing 10, an air generating mechanism 30, a sand closing mechanism 20, and a controller 40.

[0029] like Figure 1 As shown, the valve housing 10 is equipped with a gravity sand conveying channel, a pneumatic sand conveying channel 12, and an air inlet channel 13. The gravity sand conveying channel is connected to the pneumatic sand conveying channel 12, allowing sand particles to move to the pneumatic sand conveying channel 12 under their own gravity. The air inlet channel 13 is connected to the pneumatic sand conveying channel 12, allowing directional air to be introduced into the pneumatic sand conveying channel 12, causing the sand particles in the pneumatic sand conveying channel 12 to be sprayed onto the contact surface between the roller and the track under the action of the directional air, thereby enhancing the friction between the roller and the track. The air generation mechanism 30 is installed on the valve housing 10 corresponding to the air inlet channel 13, used to drive outside air into the air inlet channel 13 to form directional air; the sand closing mechanism 20 is installed on the valve housing 10 corresponding to the gravity sand conveying channel, used to selectively close or open the gravity sand conveying channel; as shown Figure 4 As shown, the controller 40 is electrically connected to the air-generating mechanism 30 and the sand-closing mechanism 20, and is used to control the operation of the air-generating mechanism 30 and the sand-closing mechanism 20 according to the locomotive sand-blowing demand signal.

[0030] When the controller 40 determines that the sand blowing function needs to be activated based on the locomotive information, the controller 40 controls the sand closing mechanism 20 to open the gravity sand conveying channel, and simultaneously controls the air generating mechanism 30 to send directional air into the air intake channel 13. Under their own gravity, the sand particles enter the pneumatic sand conveying channel 12 from the gravity sand conveying channel. The sand particles in the pneumatic sand conveying channel 12 are then sprayed onto the contact surface between the rollers and the track under the force of the directional air sent into the air intake channel 13. When the controller 40 determines that the sand blowing function needs to be deactivated based on the locomotive information, the controller 40 controls the air generating mechanism 30 to stop working, and simultaneously controls the sand closing mechanism 20 to close the gravity sand conveying channel, preventing sand particles from entering the pneumatic sand conveying channel 12 from the gravity sand conveying channel.

[0031] Therefore, the air-source-free blowing device of the present invention, by setting a gravity sand conveying channel, a wind-driven sand conveying channel 12, and an air inlet channel 13 within the valve housing 10, and further setting a sand-closing mechanism 20 that can selectively close the gravity sand conveying channel, and a wind-generating mechanism 30 that can send external airflow into the air inlet channel 13 to form directional wind, allows sand particles to enter the wind-driven sand conveying channel 12 from the gravity sand conveying channel under their own gravity. The sand particles in the wind-driven sand conveying channel 12 can then be further influenced by the directional wind sent into the air inlet channel 13. Under the guidance of the wind-powered sand conveying channel 12, the sand is sprayed onto the contact surface between the roller and the track. Without the need for compressors, air cylinders, branch pipes, and pneumatic components, it achieves a dual reduction and optimization in size and weight, occupying very little space on the locomotive and placing very light weight load on the locomotive. Moreover, the structure of this invention is very simple, and the complexity of maintenance and operation and maintenance costs are also very low. In addition, by setting the controller 40 to control the operation of the sand-closing mechanism 20 and the air-generating mechanism 30 according to the sand blowing requirements of the locomotive, automatic control of sand blowing can be achieved.

[0032] In this embodiment, as Figure 2 As shown, the gravity sand conveying channel includes a first gravity sand conveying section 111, a second gravity sand conveying section 112, and a third gravity sand conveying section 113 connected sequentially from top to bottom. The first gravity sand conveying section 111 is curved along the sand inlet direction, and the axis of the sand inlet of the first gravity sand conveying section 111 is vertically arranged. The second gravity sand conveying section 112 extends horizontally. The third gravity sand conveying section 113 extends horizontally, or extends downwards at an angle. In this embodiment, the third gravity sand conveying section 113 is chosen to extend horizontally. By bending the first gravity sand conveying section 111, the sand particles can be diverted and input into the horizontally extending second gravity sand conveying section 112, and the sand-closing mechanism 20 can also conveniently seal the sand outlet of the first gravity sand conveying section 111.

[0033] Furthermore, the inlet of the first gravity sand conveying section 111 is conical, and the diameter of the inlet gradually increases in the direction of sand flow. This design makes it less prone to clogging at the inlet of the first gravity sand conveying section 111. In this embodiment, the first gravity sand conveying section 111 is preferably curved at 90° along the sand inlet direction, so that after the sand flows vertically into the inlet of the first gravity sand conveying section 111, it can turn horizontally and enter the second gravity sand conveying section 112.

[0034] Furthermore, the inner wall of the second gravity sand conveying section 112 has a sand outlet end face 114 and a sand inlet bottom face 115. The sand outlet end face 114 is located at the intersection of the sand outlet of the first gravity sand conveying section 111 and the second gravity sand conveying section 112. The sand outlet of the first gravity sand conveying section 111 is located on the sand outlet end face 114. When the sand closing mechanism 20 is in the state of sealing the sand outlet of the first gravity sand conveying section 111, a sand outlet flow channel is formed between the sand outlet end face 114 and the sand closing mechanism 20. The sand inlet bottom face 115 is located below the sealing cover 22. To facilitate sealing the sand outlet of the first gravity sand conveying section 111 with the sealing cap 22, the sand outlet end face 114 is vertically arranged. In this embodiment, the bottom surface of the second gravity sand conveying section 112 is inclined downward toward the sand inlet of the third gravity sand conveying section 113, so that when the sand particles fall to the bottom of the second gravity sand conveying section 112, they can automatically flow to the sand inlet of the third gravity sand conveying section 113 under the inclination of the sand inlet bottom surface 115 of the second gravity sand conveying section 112, so that the sand particles are less likely to accumulate on the sand inlet bottom surface 115.

[0035] Furthermore, a sand outlet baffle 14 is provided on the sand outlet face 114, and the sand outlet baffle 14 is located above the sand outlet of the first gravity sand conveying section 111. The sand outlet baffle 14 can form a physical barrier for the sand particles output from the sand outlet of the first gravity sand conveying section 111. This physical barrier can play a dual role. The first role is to guide the flow by blocking the free splashing of sand particles, guiding most of the sand particles to flow into the third gravity sand conveying section 113 along the second gravity sand conveying section 112 below the sand outlet baffle 14. The second role is to reduce ineffective accumulation. By blocking the sand particles through the sand outlet baffle 14, the probability of sand particles intruding into the space above the sand outlet baffle 14 can be significantly reduced.

[0036] To increase the sand-blocking area of ​​the sand-blocking eaves 14 and achieve a better sand-blocking effect, the sand-blocking eaves 14 are arranged in an arc shape. The arc-shaped sand-blocking eaves 14 are coaxially arranged with the sand outlet of the first gravity sand conveying section 111, and the arc angle of the sand-blocking eaves 14 ranges from 60° to 180°. Preferably, the arc angle of the second gravity sand conveying section 112 is 180°.

[0037] Furthermore, the inlet of the third gravity sand conveying section 113 is located close to the outlet of the first gravity sand conveying section 111. By shortening the spatial distance between the two sections, the sand particles discharged from the outlet of the first gravity sand conveying section 111 can quickly flow to the third gravity sand conveying section 113 after entering the second gravity sand conveying section 112. This compact layout effectively reduces the residence time of sand particles in the gravity sand conveying channel, thereby significantly reducing the risk of accumulation.

[0038] Furthermore, the third gravity sand conveying section 113 is inclined downwards towards the direction from the second gravity sand conveying section 112 to the wind-driven sand conveying channel 12. This structural arrangement of the third gravity sand conveying section 113 allows its sand outlet to face the sand outlet of the wind-driven sand conveying channel 12, while simultaneously facing away from the air inlet of the air inlet channel 13. By conveying sand particles in accordance with the flow direction of the directional wind, the inclined layout of the third gravity sand conveying section 113 can use the directional wind power to quickly push the sand particles to the sand outlet of the wind-driven sand conveying channel 12; and the opposite orientation of the sand outlet of the third gravity sand conveying section 113 to the air outlet of the air inlet channel 13 effectively prevents sand particles from entering the air inlet channel 13, thereby avoiding interference or wear on the air-generating mechanism 30 caused by sand particles.

[0039] In this embodiment, the air inlet channel 13 and the pneumatic sand conveying channel 12 are arranged coaxially. The air inlet channel 13 has a connected mounting section 131 and a constriction section 132. The air generating mechanism 30 is installed in the mounting section 131, and the constriction section 132 is connected to the pneumatic sand conveying channel 12. The cross-sectional dimensions of the constriction section 132 gradually decrease towards the direction from the mounting section 131 to the pneumatic sand conveying channel 12. The constriction section 132 gradually compresses the airflow along the air inlet direction of the air inlet channel 13, thereby gradually accelerating the input airflow and significantly increasing the sand blowing speed. This ensures that sand particles can be efficiently and quickly sprayed from the pneumatic sand conveying channel 12 onto the contact surface of the rollers and the track under the action of high-speed wind.

[0040] Furthermore, an air inlet baffle 15 extends from the air outlet of the air inlet channel 13 towards the air inlet direction of the wind-driven sand conveying channel 12, and is located above the air outlet of the air inlet channel 13. The air inlet baffle 15 ensures that when sand particles fall into the wind-driven sand conveying channel 12, they are kept at a certain distance from the air inlet of the air inlet channel 13. Additionally, based on the coaxiality of the air inlet channel 13 and the wind-driven sand conveying channel 12, the inner diameter of the wind-driven sand conveying channel 12 is larger than that of the wind-driven sand conveying channel 12. This arrangement allows the portion of the wind-driven sand conveying channel 12 located below the air outlet of the air inlet channel 13 to form a stepped cavity, which serves to store sand particles. The combined effect of the air inlet baffle 15 and the stepped cavity effectively prevents sand particles from entering the air inlet channel 13 and contaminating the air-generating mechanism 30, thus preventing malfunctions of the air-generating mechanism 30.

[0041] In this embodiment, as Figure 1 As shown, the sand-closing mechanism 20 includes a push-cover drive 21 mounted on the valve housing 10 and a sealing cover 22 connected to the push-cover drive 21. The sealing cover 22 is located in the second gravity sand-conveying section 112, corresponding to the sand outlet of the first gravity sand-conveying section 111. It is used to move closer to or further away from the sand outlet of the first gravity sand-conveying section 111 in the horizontal direction under the drive of the push-cover drive 21, so as to close or open the sand outlet of the first gravity sand-conveying section 111.

[0042] Furthermore, such asFigure 3 As shown, the sealing cap 22 has a sealing end face 223 facing the sand outlet end face 114. When the sand closing mechanism 20 is in the state of closing the sand outlet of the first gravity sand conveying section 111, the sealing end face 223 of the sealing cap 22 is pressed on the sand outlet end face 114. When the sand closing mechanism 20 is in the state of not closing the sand outlet of the first gravity sand conveying section 111, the sealing end face 223 of the sealing cap 22 is set away from the sand outlet end face 114. The sealing end face 223 and the sand outlet end face 114 form the aforementioned sand outlet channel. After the sand particles flow out from the sand outlet of the first gravity sand conveying section 111, they first pass through the sand outlet channel before entering the second gravity sand conveying section 112.

[0043] Furthermore, the sealing cap 22 is bowl-shaped and made of elastic material. The sealing cap 22 is recessed horizontally towards the sand outlet of the first gravity sand conveying section 111, forming a bowl cavity 221. When the sealing cap 22 is in the sealed state, the sand outlet baffle 14 is located within the bowl cavity 221 formed by the sealing cap 22, ensuring that the sand outlet baffle 14 does not obstruct the sealing cap 22 from sealing the sand outlet of the first gravity sand conveying section 111. Additionally, the elasticity of the sealing cap 22 allows for tight contact between the sealing cap 22 and the sand outlet face 114, effectively preventing sand particles from leaking into the second gravity sand conveying section 112. In this embodiment, the elastic material is rubber.

[0044] Preferably, the sealing end face 223 is provided with at least two annular protrusions 224, which are coaxially arranged with the sealing cover 22 and are arranged at intervals along the radial direction of the sealing cover 22. The arrangement of at least two annular protrusions 224 enables the sealing cover 22 to achieve multi-layer sealing of the sand outlet of the first gravity sand conveying section 111. Even if the sealing cover 22 squeezes the falling sand particles onto a certain annular protrusion 224 during the sealing process, the remaining annular protrusions 224 can still play a sealing role, which greatly improves the reliability of the sealing cover 22 in sealing the sand outlet of the first gravity sand conveying section 111.

[0045] Furthermore, a plug-in cavity 222 is formed on the side of the sealing cap 22 facing away from the sand outlet end face 114, and the push cap drive member 21 is inserted into the plug-in cavity 222 and is interference-fitted with the plug-in cavity 222.

[0046] In this embodiment, the cover-pushing drive 21 is preferably a linear motor, and the output shaft of the linear motor is inserted into the insertion cavity 222. Choosing a linear motor instead of a cylinder for the cover-pushing drive 21 can eliminate the need for auxiliary accessories such as air supply pipelines and air tanks required by cylinders, thereby simplifying the locomotive structure and reducing the size of the locomotive.

[0047] In this embodiment, as Figure 1 As shown, the air generating mechanism 30 is installed in the mounting section 131 of the air inlet channel 13 and is a motor fan, such as a DC brushless motor fan.

[0048] In this embodiment, the controller 40 is installed in the mounting cavity 16 provided in the valve housing 10, and the mounting cavity 16 is located on the top of the valve housing 10.

[0049] like Figure 1 and Figure 4 As shown, the sand blowing device without an external air source also includes a sand flow sensor 50 electrically connected to the controller 40. The sand flow sensor 50 is installed inside the gravity sand conveying channel and is located downstream of the sand-closing mechanism 20 along the sand flow direction. It is used to sense whether sand particles are passing through the gravity sand conveying channel downstream of the sand-closing mechanism 20. By sensing the sand particles through the sand flow sensor 50, it is determined whether the sand blowing device without an external air source is functioning normally or whether the sand flow is abnormal. The specific operating method will be mentioned in the subsequent sand blowing control method section and will not be described in detail here.

[0050] In this embodiment, the sand flow sensor 50 is preferably disposed within the third gravity sand conveying section 113. In other feasible embodiments, the sand flow sensor 50 may also be disposed within the wind-driven sand conveying channel 12 and located downstream of the sand outlet of the third gravity sand conveying section 113 along the direction of sand flow.

[0051] The present invention also discloses a sandblasting control method, comprising the following steps; S10. Provide the above-mentioned sand blowing device without external air source; S20. When the controller 40 determines that the sand blowing function needs to be activated based on the locomotive information, the controller 40 controls the sand shut-off mechanism 20 to move away from the sand outlet of the first gravity sand conveying section to a preset distance, and controls the air generation mechanism 30 to drive the external airflow to form a directional wind to enter the air inlet channel 13. Specifically, when it is determined that the sand blowing function needs to be activated, the controller 40 controls the push-cover drive 21 and the air-generating mechanism 30 of the sand-closing mechanism 20 to work. The push-cover drive 21 drives the sealing cover 22 away from the sand outlet of the first gravity sand conveying section 111 to a preset distance. The air-generating mechanism 30 drives the external airflow to form a directional wind that enters the air inlet channel 13. The directional wind 13 then enters the wind-driven sand conveying channel 12 from the air inlet channel 13.

[0052] To meet energy conservation, environmental protection, and cost requirements, during the execution of instructions by the controller 40, the initial sand discharge level of the sand outlet of the wind-powered sand conveying channel 12 is set to the minimum sand blowing volume specified. When the minimum sand blowing volume cannot meet the locomotive's adhesion enhancement requirements under extreme conditions, the controller 40 receives a signal from the locomotive to increase the sand blowing volume. Then, it gradually increases the distance between the sealing cover 22 and the sand outlet of the first gravity sand conveying section 111 at a specified speed, for example, gradually increasing it at a speed of 1 mm every 20 seconds, until the sand blowing volume can suppress the idling of the locomotive rollers.

[0053] S30. During the sand blowing process, when the controller 40 determines whether the sand blowing volume meets the requirements or whether to stop sand blowing based on the locomotive information; if the controller 40 determines that the sand blowing volume cannot meet the requirements, the controller 40 controls the sand shut-off mechanism 20 to move away from the sand outlet of the first gravity sand conveying section 111 at a specified speed until the sand blowing volume of the entire sand blowing device without external air source can suppress the idling of the locomotive rollers; if the controller 40 determines that sand blowing needs to be stopped, the controller 40 controls the air generation mechanism 30 to stop working and controls the sand shut-off mechanism 20 to seal the sand outlet of the first gravity sand conveying section 111.

[0054] Specifically, if the controller 40 determines that the sand blowing volume cannot meet the requirements, the controller 40 controls the push-cover drive 21 of the sand closing mechanism 20 to drive the sealing cover 22 away from the sand outlet of the first gravity sand conveying section 111 at a specified speed until the sand blowing volume of the entire sand blowing device without external air source can suppress the idling of the locomotive rollers; if the controller 40 determines that sand blowing needs to be stopped, the controller 40 controls the air generating mechanism 30 to stop working, and at the same time controls the push-cover drive 21 of the push-cover sand closing mechanism 20 to drive the sealing cover 22 to seal the sand outlet of the first gravity sand conveying section 111.

[0055] The sand blowing control method of the present invention, in conjunction with the above-mentioned sand blowing device without external air source, can realize automatic control of sand blowing, significantly improving the convenience of sand blowing operation and the response rate of the device.

[0056] In step S30, the controller 40 also determines whether the sand blowing device without an external air source is normal or whether the sand flow is normal based on the sand flow sensor 50's monitoring of the sand flow.

[0057] Specifically, when the air-generating mechanism 30 is working and the sand-closing mechanism 20 does not seal the sand outlet of the first gravity sand conveying section 111, if the sand flow sensor 50 senses sand particles, the controller 40 determines that the sand blowing device without external air source is working normally; if no sand particles are sensed, the controller 40 determines that the sand blowing device without external air source is abnormal. If the air-generating mechanism 30 stops working and the sand-closing mechanism 20 seals the outlet of the first gravity sand conveying section 111, and the sand flow sensor 50 does not detect sand particles, the controller 40 determines that the sand blowing device without external air source is normal; if the sand flow sensor 50 detects sand particles, the controller 40 determines that the sand blowing device without external air source is abnormal.

[0058] Specifically, when the air-generating mechanism 30 is operating and the sealing cover 22 of the sand-closing mechanism 20 does not seal the sand outlet of the first gravity sand conveying section 111, if the sand flow sensor 50 does not detect sand particles, the controller 40 adopts two processing methods: self-troubleshooting and direct alarm. Self-troubleshooting is preferred. It is possible that large impurities mixed in with the sand particles or the sand particles themselves are stuck between the sand outlet end face 114 and the sealing end face 223 of the sealing cover 22, causing the sand particles to be unable to flow down into the third gravity sand conveying section 113. At this time, the controller 40 can control the push cover drive. The drive cover 22 moves away from the sand outlet of the first gravity sand conveying section 111 until the size of the sand flow channel between the sand outlet end face 114 and the sealing end face 223 of the cover 22 increases to the jamming and breaking size. The sand flow channel after the jamming and breaking size can break the jamming state of the sand particles inside, so that the sand particles can flow smoothly from the sand flow channel into the third gravity sand conveying section 113. If the sand flow sensor 50 can continue to detect sand particles, the fault is eliminated. If no sand particles are detected, the controller 40 sends an alarm signal to the driver's cab to notify the driver and passengers to manually troubleshoot.

[0059] If the air-generating mechanism 30 stops working and the sealing cover 22 of the sand-closing mechanism 20 seals the outlet of the first gravity sand conveying section 111, and the sand flow sensor 50 detects sand particles, the controller 40 will determine that the sand blowing device without external air source is abnormal, which may be due to a problem with the sealing cover 22. The controller 40 will send an alarm signal to the driver's cab to notify the driver and passengers to manually troubleshoot the problem.

[0060] Therefore, it can be seen that the sand flow sensor 50, together with the controller 40, can form a closed-loop feedback system to realize dynamic monitoring of sand blowing. This design enables the sand blowing device without an external air source to make timely adjustment responses according to the sand blowing needs of the locomotive, achieving stepless adjustment of sand volume from 0 to 100%, ensuring that the sand blowing volume is highly matched with the demand. On the other hand, this design can accurately identify abnormal situations such as sand blockage and conveying interruption, and can trigger preset solutions, significantly improving the reliability of the sand blowing device without an external air source.

[0061] The above description is merely an example and illustration of the structure of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make various modifications or additions to the specific embodiments described, or use similar methods to replace them, as long as they do not deviate from the structure of the invention or exceed the scope defined in the claims, all of which should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A sandblasting device without an external air source, characterized in that, include: The valve housing contains a gravity sand conveying channel, a wind-driven sand conveying channel, and an air inlet channel. The gravity sand conveying channel is connected to the wind-driven sand conveying channel to allow sand particles to move to the wind-driven sand conveying channel under their own gravity. The air inlet channel is connected to the wind-driven sand conveying channel to input directional air into the wind-driven sand conveying channel. A sand-closing mechanism is installed on the valve body corresponding to the gravity sand conveying channel, and is used to selectively close or open the gravity sand conveying channel; An air-generating mechanism is installed on the valve body corresponding to the air inlet channel, and is used to drive outside air into the air inlet channel to form the directional air. and The controller is electrically connected to the air-generating mechanism and the sand-closing mechanism, and is used to control the operation of the air-generating mechanism and the sand-closing mechanism according to the locomotive sand-blowing demand signal.

2. The sandblasting device without an external air source according to claim 1, characterized in that, The gravity sand conveying channel includes a first gravity sand conveying section, a second gravity sand conveying section, and a third gravity sand conveying section that are connected sequentially from top to bottom; The first gravity sand conveying section is curved along the sand inlet direction, and the axis of the sand inlet of the first gravity sand conveying section is vertical; the second gravity sand conveying section extends horizontally; the third gravity sand conveying section extends horizontally or extends downwards in a horizontal direction; the sand closing mechanism is located in the second gravity sand conveying section.

3. The sandblasting device without an external air source according to claim 2, characterized in that, The third gravity sand conveying section is inclined downwards in the direction from the air inlet of the air inlet channel to the sand outlet of the pneumatic sand conveying channel.

4. The sandblasting device without an external air source according to claim 2, characterized in that, The inner wall of the second gravity sand conveying section has a sand outlet end face, and the sand outlet of the first gravity sand conveying section is located on the sand outlet end face; a sand outlet baffle is provided on the sand outlet end face, and the sand outlet baffle is located above the sand outlet of the first gravity sand conveying section.

5. The sandblasting device without an external air source according to claim 2, characterized in that, The sand-closing mechanism includes a push-cover drive unit installed on the valve housing and a sealing cover connected to the push-cover drive unit. The sealing cover is located in the second gravity sand conveying section, corresponding to the sand outlet of the first gravity sand conveying section, and is used to close or open the sand outlet of the first gravity sand conveying section under the drive of the push-cover drive unit.

6. The sandblasting device without an external air source according to claim 5, characterized in that, The sealing cap is bowl-shaped and made of elastic material. The sealing cap is recessed in the horizontal direction away from the sand outlet of the first gravity sand conveying section. When the sand closing mechanism seals the sand outlet of the first gravity sand conveying section, the sand outlet baffle is located inside the bowl cavity of the sealing cap.

7. The sandblasting device without an external air source according to claim 1, characterized in that, An air inlet sand-blocking eave extends from the air outlet end of the air inlet channel toward the air inlet direction of the wind-powered sand conveying channel, and the air inlet sand-blocking eave is located above the air outlet of the air inlet channel.

8. The sandblasting device without an external air source according to claim 1, characterized in that, It includes a sand flow sensor electrically connected to the controller, the sand flow sensor being installed in the gravity sand conveying channel and located downstream of the sand closing mechanism along the direction of sand flow.

9. A method for controlling sand blowing, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S10. Provide a sand blowing device without an external air source as described in any one of claims 2 to 6; S20. When the controller determines that the sand blowing function needs to be activated based on the locomotive information, the controller controls the sand closing mechanism to move away from the sand outlet of the first gravity sand conveying section to a preset distance, and controls the air generating mechanism to drive the external airflow into the air inlet channel. S30. During the sand blowing process, the controller determines whether the sand blowing volume meets the requirements or whether to stop sand blowing based on the locomotive information; If the controller determines that the sand blowing volume cannot meet the requirements, the controller controls the sand closing mechanism to move away from the sand outlet of the first gravity sand conveying section at a specified speed until the sand blowing volume of the entire sand blowing device without external air source can suppress the idling of the locomotive rollers; if the controller determines that sand blowing needs to be stopped, the controller controls the air generating mechanism to stop working and controls the sand closing mechanism to seal the sand outlet of the first gravity sand conveying section.

10. The sandblasting control method according to claim 9, characterized in that, The sand blowing device without an external air source also includes a sand flow sensor electrically connected to the controller. The sand flow sensor is installed in the gravity sand conveying channel and is located downstream of the sand closing mechanism along the flow direction of the sand particles. In step S30, the controller also determines whether the sand blowing device without an external air source is normal or whether the sand flow is normal based on the sand flow sensor's monitoring of the sand flow. When the air-generating mechanism is working and the sand-closing mechanism does not block the sand outlet of the first gravity sand conveying section, if the sand flow sensor detects sand particles, the controller determines that the sand blowing device without external air source is working normally; if no sand particles are detected, the controller determines that the sand blowing device without external air source is abnormal. When the air-generating mechanism stops working and the sand-closing mechanism seals the sand outlet of the first gravity sand conveying section, if the sand flow sensor does not detect sand particles, the controller determines that the sand blowing device without an external air source is normal; if the sand flow sensor detects sand particles, the controller determines that the sand blowing device without an external air source is abnormal.

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