Shock absorption and isolation support with graded shock absorption and self-resetting functions

Abstract

The invention provides a seismic mitigation and isolation support with graded damping and self-resetting functions, which comprises a base plate, a lower base plate, a middle base plate and an upper base plate which are sequentially stacked from bottom to top, the seismic mitigation and isolation support comprises multiple stages of shearing mechanisms, and the multiple stages of shearing mechanisms at least comprise a first-stage shearing mechanism and a second-stage shearing mechanism. The first-stage shearing mechanism is arranged on the lower surface of the lower base plate and located on the peripheral side of the base plate, and the second-stage shearing mechanism is arranged on the upper surface of the lower base plate and located on the peripheral side of the upper base plate. The support is provided with a graded damping structure under the action of an earthquake, the energy dissipation, damping and resetting effects are improved, the repairability after the earthquake is better, and the repairing and maintaining cost is reduced.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of vibration control of engineering structures, and particularly relates to a shock-absorbing and seismic-isolating support with hierarchical shock-absorbing and self-resetting functions. BACKGROUND

[0002] In 1985, Zayas et al. of the United States proposed a friction pendulum bearing (FPB / FPS), which is an innovative shock-absorbing and seismic-isolating device and mainly consists of a sliding block, a surface disc, a sliding block cavity and the like. The working principle of the friction pendulum bearing is based on the principle of mechanical equilibrium. Under the action of an earthquake, the bearing resists the seismic force through the friction force of the sliding surface and the restoring force generated by the upward movement of the upper structure along the sliding track. This design enables the bearing to automatically return to the central position by relying on the gravity it bears, thereby effectively controlling the seismic response.

[0003] In order to enhance the shock-absorbing and energy-dissipating capacity, the existing friction pendulum seismic-isolating support is additionally provided with a limiting shear device in the longitudinal or transverse direction of the bridge. Under frequent earthquakes, the bearing can only resist the earthquake hard; under design earthquakes or rare earthquakes, the limiting device is sheared, so as to prolong the natural vibration period of the structure, dissipate the seismic energy and achieve a good shock-absorbing and seismic-isolating effect. The friction pendulum bearing is widely used in bridge engineering, large equipment, buildings and other major engineering structures.

[0004] However, after the shear device is damaged under an earthquake, the bearing needs to be repaired or replaced in time so as to restore the shock-absorbing and seismic-isolating function of the bearing. For example, in the practice of railway engineering, due to the complex environment along the railway construction, it is difficult to repair and maintain the bridge in time after an earthquake in some special areas. If an earthquake occurs again subsequently, the shock-absorbing and seismic-isolating function of the bearing is in a failure state, the bridge structure is damaged and the risk of beam falling is great, which seriously threatens the normal operation safety of the railway line. Therefore, based on the actual needs, we need a bearing that can withstand multiple earthquakes, taking into account the shock-absorbing and seismic-isolating function and the reduction of repair and maintenance costs.

[0005] Meanwhile, in the actual use process, the restoring force of the existing friction pendulum seismic-isolating support is smaller than the friction force near the zero pendulum position, and the bearing is difficult to complete the automatic reset, which brings a huge workload and economic consumption for post-earthquake repair.

[0006] Chinese patent CN119083293A discloses a multi-stage energy dissipation shock-absorbing bridge support structure, aiming to solve the problem of insufficient energy dissipation capacity of existing bridge supports under seismic conditions. This support structure realizes primary shock-absorbing energy dissipation through the shearing process of shear bolts and shear pins during small and medium earthquakes. During a major earthquake, the friction coefficient is further increased through the friction of the burr friction plane friction assembly after shearing, improving the energy dissipation capacity and realizing secondary shock-absorbing energy dissipation effect. Although this patent also has a secondary shock-absorbing effect, it is achieved through the burr friction plane friction assembly, which is different from the design idea of multi-stage shearing of the present invention and does not have the advantages of good maintainability. At the same time, this patent does not have an automatic reset function, and has the problem of difficulty in post-earthquake repair.

[0007] In summary, it is necessary to develop a multi-stage shearing shock-absorbing support with hierarchical shock-absorbing and self-resetting functions to reduce post-earthquake maintenance costs and ensure system operation safety. SUMMARY

[0008] Therefore, the present invention aims to provide a shock-absorbing support with hierarchical shock-absorbing and self-resetting functions to cope with multiple earthquakes and solve the problem of difficult reset.

[0009] To achieve the above-mentioned purposes, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0010] A shock-absorbing support with hierarchical shock-absorbing and self-resetting functions, comprising a base plate, a lower seat plate, a middle seat plate, and an upper seat plate stacked in order from bottom to top, the shock-absorbing support comprising a multi-stage shearing mechanism, the multi-stage shearing mechanism comprising at least a first-stage shearing mechanism and a second-stage shearing mechanism, the first-stage shearing mechanism being arranged on the lower surface of the lower seat plate and located on the outer periphery of the base plate, and the second-stage shearing mechanism being arranged on the upper surface of the lower seat plate and located on the outer periphery of the upper seat plate. By arranging the multi-stage shearing mechanism, the purpose of hierarchical shock-absorbing to cope with multiple earthquakes is achieved.

[0011] This shock-absorbing support with hierarchical shock-absorbing and self-resetting functions, the first-stage shearing mechanism and the second-stage shearing mechanism each comprising at least one set of shearing devices. The multi-stage shearing mechanism realizes hierarchical shock-absorbing through the shearing devices, and the number and arrangement position of the shearing devices can be determined according to specific conditions.

[0012] Further, in the longitudinal bridge direction, two-stage shearing is provided: the first-stage shearing mechanism includes two groups of shearing devices, denoted as first shearing devices, the first shearing devices including first limit members and shearing members, the two groups of first shearing devices being respectively located at the outer sides of the two ends of the base plate in the longitudinal bridge direction; the second-stage shearing mechanism includes two groups of shearing devices, denoted as second shearing devices, the second shearing devices including second limit members and shearing members, the two groups of second shearing devices being respectively located at the outer sides of the two ends of the upper seat plate in the longitudinal bridge direction. When a design or frequent earthquake occurs, the first shearing devices of the first-stage shearing mechanism act, the longitudinal bridge direction shearing members are sheared, and the seismic energy is dissipated. When a rare earthquake occurs, the second shearing devices of the second-stage shearing mechanism begin to act, and when the shearing stress is again out of limit, the longitudinal bridge direction shearing members are sheared, the seismic force is dissipated, the self-vibration period of the structure is prolonged, and the seismic mitigation and isolation effect is further played.

[0013] Further, in the transverse bridge direction, the second-stage shearing mechanism further includes two groups of shearing devices, denoted as third shearing devices, the third shearing devices including third limit members and shearing members, the two groups of third shearing devices being respectively located at the outer sides of the two ends of the upper seat plate in the transverse bridge direction. Under the action of the transverse bridge direction earthquake, when the shearing stress exceeds the limit value, the third shearing devices of the second-stage shearing mechanism act, the transverse bridge direction shearing members are sheared, the transverse bridge direction movement of the support is released, the support freely moves in the transverse bridge direction, the self-vibration period of the structure is prolonged, and the transverse bridge direction seismic mitigation and isolation effect is played.

[0014] Further, the shearing members include shearing pins and shearing bolts. The limit members are installed with the shearing members. Under the action of the earthquake, when the shearing stress exceeds the limit value, the shearing members are sheared, the self-vibration period of the structure is prolonged, and the purpose of dissipating the seismic energy is achieved.

[0015] Further, between the inner side of the second limit member and the end of the upper seat plate, a transverse bridge direction guide friction pair is arranged, and between the inner side of the third limit member and the end of the upper seat plate, a longitudinal bridge direction guide friction pair is arranged. After the earthquake, the multiple pairs of guide friction pairs jointly act, and have energy dissipation effects in the transverse bridge direction, the longitudinal bridge direction and the vertical direction.

[0016] Further, the lower surface of the upper seat plate and the upper surface of the lower seat plate are concave spherical surfaces, the middle seat plate is located in the cavity formed by the upper seat plate and the lower seat plate, the upper and lower surfaces of the middle seat plate are convex spherical surfaces, and spherical friction pairs are arranged between the upper seat plate and the middle seat plate and between the lower seat plate and the middle seat plate. After the earthquake, the friction pairs have energy dissipation effects in the transverse bridge direction, the longitudinal bridge direction and the vertical direction.

[0017] Further, at least one pair of inclined surfaces is arranged on the upper surface of the base plate, the inclined surfaces are symmetrically arranged with the symmetric surface of the base plate in the transverse bridge direction as the symmetric surface, the lower surface of the lower base plate is arranged in cooperation with the upper surface of the base plate, and the inclined surface friction pair is arranged between the lower surface of the lower base plate and the upper surface of the base plate. After the earthquake, the friction pair has the longitudinal bridge direction and vertical direction energy dissipation effect, and meanwhile, under the guarantee of the horizontal reciprocating action of the support, the true self-resetting function of the seismic isolation support can be truly realized.

[0018] Further, the top base plate is arranged on the upper side of the upper base plate, and the plane friction pair is arranged between the lower surface of the top base plate and the upper surface of the upper base plate. After the earthquake, the friction pair has the transverse bridge direction and longitudinal bridge direction energy dissipation effect.

[0019] Further, the shear stress required for the shearing of the first-stage shearing mechanism should be smaller than the shear stress required for the shearing of the second-stage shearing mechanism, so that the first-stage shearing mechanism is guaranteed to act before the second-stage shearing mechanism, and the best seismic isolation effect is achieved.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the seismic isolation support with the staged damping and self-resetting function has the following advantages:

[0021] 1. The seismic isolation support provided by the present application has a multi-stage seismic isolation function. Compared with the prior art seismic isolation support, the seismic isolation support has a better seismic isolation effect, can resist various types of earthquakes, and has stronger practicality.

[0022] 2. The seismic isolation support provided by the present application has a stronger self-resetting function. Under the action of gravity, the upper building structure can be completely self-resetting in the downhill direction of the longitudinal bridge direction, greatly reducing the post-earthquake resetting workload and economic cost.

[0023] 3. The seismic isolation support provided by the present application has a simple structure, a clear force transmission path, good stability and durability. Not only does it retain the advantages of large bearing capacity, strong self-resetting function, good hysteresis performance and adjustable stiffness of the traditional friction pendulum support, but also enhances the vertical bearing, horizontal bearing, vertical rotation and seismic isolation functions of the support through the coordination of the base plate, the lower base plate, the middle base plate, the upper base plate, the top base plate, the inclined surface friction pair, the guide friction pair, the spherical surface friction pair and the plane friction pair. Under normal use conditions, there will be no relative displacement between the components or the friction pairs, and no impact on the normal vertical bearing, horizontal bearing, horizontal sliding and rotation functions of the support.

[0024] 4. The seismic isolation support provided by the present application fully considers the reusability and maintainability in the structural design. The residual part of the two-stage limiting pin can be cleaned and taken out, and the limiting part can be reinstalled, so that the support restores the original function. Due to the superiority in repair and maintenance, the seismic isolation support is particularly suitable for key seismic engineering and large construction projects such as bridges and equipment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0025] The accompanying drawings, which form a part of this application, are included to provide a further understanding of the application, illustrate the preferred embodiments of the application and assist in

[0026] Figure 1 Structure diagram of the shock-absorbing support in the longitudinal direction of the bridge for the embodiment 1 of the application;

[0027] Figure 2 Structure diagram of the shock-absorbing support in the transverse direction of the bridge for the embodiment 1 of the application;

[0028] Figure 3 Structure diagram of the shock-absorbing support in the longitudinal direction of the bridge for the embodiment 2 of the application;

[0029] Figure 4 Structure diagram of the shock-absorbing support in the transverse direction of the bridge for the embodiment 2 of the application;

[0030] Explanation of the reference signs:

[0031] 1, upper seat plate; 2, first spherical sliding plate; 3, second spherical sliding plate; 4, first annular sealing ring; 5, middle seat plate; 6, first guide sliding plate; 7, second guide sliding plate; 8, second limiting piece; 9, second shearing pin; 10, second shearing bolt; 11, second annular sealing ring; 12, lower seat plate; 13, first limiting piece; 14, first shearing pin; 15, first shearing bolt; 16, first inclined sliding plate; 17, second inclined sliding plate; 18, base plate; 19, third guide sliding plate; 20, fourth guide sliding plate; 21, third shearing bolt; 22, third shearing pin; 23, third limiting piece; 24, top seat plate; 25, first planar sliding plate; 26, second planar sliding plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] In order to make the technical means and the purposes and effects of the application easy to understand, the embodiments of the application are described in detail below in combination with specific drawings.

[0033] It should be noted that all the terms indicating direction and position in the present application, such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "back", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", "top", "low", "transverse", "longitudinal", "center", etc. are used only to explain the relative position relationship, connection condition, etc. between components in a certain state (as shown in the drawings) and are only for the convenience of describing the present application, and thus cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application that the present application must be constructed and operated in a particular orientation. In addition, the description of "first", "second", etc. in the present application is only for the purpose of description and cannot be understood as indicating or implying the relative importance of the indicated technical features or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features.

[0034] In the description of the present application, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "mount", "connect", "connection" should be understood broadly, for example, can be fixed connection, can also be detachable connection, or integrally connected; can be mechanical connection; can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium; can be the communication inside two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0035] In the description of the present application, the description of the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "illustrative embodiment", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In the present specification, the illustrative description of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0036] Embodiment 1

[0037] A seismic isolation support with hierarchical shock absorption and self-resetting function, like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, it comprises, from bottom to top, a base plate 18, a lower seat plate 12, a middle seat plate 5 and an upper seat plate 1, and the middle seat plate 5 is located in the cavity formed by the upper seat plate 1 and the lower seat plate 12. The upper seat plate 1 is connected with the beam body, and the base plate 18 is connected with the pier. The seismic isolation support comprises a multi-stage shear mechanism, which at least comprises a first-stage shear mechanism and a second-stage shear mechanism. The first-stage shear mechanism is arranged on the lower surface of the lower seat plate 12 and located at the outer circumferential side of the base plate 18; and the second-stage shear mechanism is arranged on the upper surface of the lower seat plate 12 and located at the outer circumferential side of the upper seat plate 1. The first-stage shear mechanism can limit the base plate 18 and the lower seat plate 12 and shear when the shear stress exceeds the first-stage shear limit value; and the second-stage shear mechanism can limit the lower seat plate 12 and the upper seat plate 1 and shear when the shear stress exceeds the second-stage shear limit value. By arranging the multi-stage shear mechanism, the grading seismic reduction effect is achieved, thereby coping with multiple earthquakes.

[0038] Further, in the longitudinal bridge direction, two-stage shear is arranged: the first-stage shear mechanism comprises two groups of shear devices, which are referred to as first shear devices, and the first shear devices comprise a first limiting piece 13, a first shear pin 14 and a first shear bolt 15. The first shear pin 14 and the first shear bolt 15 install the first limiting piece 13 on the lower surface of the lower seat plate 12. The two groups of first shear devices are respectively located at the outer sides of the two ends of the base plate 18 in the longitudinal bridge direction. The second-stage shear mechanism comprises two groups of shear devices, which are referred to as second shear devices, and the second shear devices comprise a second limiting piece 8, a second shear pin 9 and a second shear bolt 10. The second shear pin 9 and the second shear bolt 10 install the second limiting piece 8 on the upper surface of the lower seat plate 12. The two groups of second shear devices are respectively located at the outer sides of the two ends of the upper seat plate 1 in the longitudinal bridge direction. When the design or frequent earthquake occurs, the first shear devices of the first-stage shear mechanism act, the first shear pin 14 and the first shear bolt 15 are sheared, and the seismic energy is dissipated. When the rare earthquake occurs, the second shear devices of the second-stage shear mechanism begin to act, and when the shear stress is again out of limit, the second shear pin 9 and the second shear bolt 10 are sheared, the seismic force is dissipated, the structural self-seismic period is prolonged, and the seismic isolation effect is further played. Under the cooperation of the multi-stage shear mechanism, the seismic isolation support has double safety guarantee.

[0039] Further, in the transverse bridge direction, the second-stage shear mechanism also comprises two groups of shear devices, denoted as third shear devices, which include third limit members 23, third shear bolts 21 and third shear pins 22. The third shear bolts 21 and the third shear pins 22 mount the third limit members 23 on the upper surface of the lower seat plate 12. The two groups of third shear devices are respectively located outside the two ends of the upper seat plate 1 in the transverse bridge direction. Under the action of the transverse bridge direction earthquake, when the shear stress exceeds the limit value, the third shear devices of the second-stage shear mechanism act, the third shear bolts 21 and the third shear pins 22 are sheared, the longitudinal bridge direction movement constraint of the support is released, the support is free to move in the longitudinal bridge direction, the structural self-vibration period is extended, and the transverse bridge direction seismic mitigation and isolation effect is achieved.

[0040] The shear stress required for the first-stage shear mechanism to shear should be smaller than the shear stress required for the second-stage shear mechanism to shear, so as to ensure that the first-stage shear mechanism acts before the second-stage shear mechanism, and the best seismic mitigation and isolation effect is achieved.

[0041] The lower seat plate 12 is provided with limit stop arms at both ends. When the first-stage shear devices are sheared under excessive stress, the longitudinal bridge direction limit stop arms of the lower seat plate 12 play a limiting function.

[0042] Further, a transverse bridge direction guide friction pair is arranged between the inner side of the second limit member 8 and the end of the upper seat plate 1, which includes a first guide sliding plate 6 and a second guide sliding plate 7. A longitudinal bridge direction guide friction pair is arranged between the inner side of the third limit member 23 and the end of the upper seat plate 1, which includes a third guide sliding plate 19 and a fourth guide sliding plate 20. The first guide sliding plate 6 and the third guide sliding plate 19 are made of non-metallic materials, and the second guide sliding plate 7 and the fourth guide sliding plate 20 are made of metallic materials. After the earthquake occurs, the two-direction guide friction pairs cooperate with each other to have energy dissipation effects in the transverse bridge direction, the longitudinal bridge direction and the vertical direction.

[0043] Further, the upper and lower surfaces of the middle seat plate 5 are convex spherical surfaces. The lower surface of the upper seat plate 1 and the upper surface of the middle seat plate 5 are arranged as concave spherical surfaces in cooperation, and the upper surface of the lower seat plate 12 and the lower surface of the middle seat plate 5 are arranged as concave spherical surfaces in cooperation. The first spherical sliding plate 2 is mounted on the two concave spherical surfaces of the lower surface of the upper seat plate 1 and the upper surface of the lower seat plate 12, and the second spherical sliding plate 3 is mounted on the two convex spherical surfaces of the upper and lower surfaces of the middle seat plate 5. The first spherical sliding plate 2 and the second spherical sliding plate 3 form two groups of spherical friction pairs, which are respectively located between the upper seat plate 1 and the middle seat plate 5 and between the lower seat plate 12 and the middle seat plate 5. The first spherical sliding plate 2 is made of metallic material, and the second spherical sliding plate 3 is made of non-metallic material. The two groups of spherical friction pairs adapt to the rotation and horizontal displacement requirements. After the earthquake occurs, the friction pairs have energy dissipation effects in the transverse bridge direction, the longitudinal bridge direction and the vertical direction.

[0044] Further, the upper surface of the base plate 18 is provided with several pairs of inclined surfaces, which are symmetrically arranged with the symmetry plane of the base plate 18 in the transverse direction as the symmetry plane, and the longitudinal direction profile of the inclined surfaces is in the shape of several continuous letters "W". The lower surface of the lower seat plate 12 is matched with the upper surface of the base plate 18. The symmetry plane of the base plate 18 in the transverse direction is located on the central axis of the base plate 18, and the base plate 18 is symmetrical in the longitudinal direction. The inclined surface friction pair is arranged between the lower surface of the lower seat plate 12 and the upper surface of the base plate 18, which includes the first inclined surface sliding plate 16 and the second inclined surface sliding plate 17. The first inclined surface sliding plate 16 is installed on the lower surface of the lower seat plate 12, and the second inclined surface sliding plate 17 is installed on the upper surface of the base plate 18. The installation angle of the first inclined surface sliding plate 16 and the second inclined surface sliding plate 17 follows the shape of the lower surface of the lower seat plate 12 and the upper surface of the base plate 18, and the installation quantity can be provided in one piece, or in several pieces or intervals. After the earthquake, the friction pair has longitudinal and vertical energy dissipation effects, and at the same time, under the guarantee of the horizontal reciprocating action of the support, the self-resetting function of the seismic isolation support can be truly realized. Preferably, the inclined surface of the upper surface of the base plate 18 is two pairs, which are arranged in the shape of "W" in the longitudinal direction profile; the first inclined surface sliding plate 16 is composed of four plates, which are respectively installed on the four inclined surfaces of the lower surface of the lower seat plate 12; the second inclined surface sliding plate 17 is an integral plate, which is installed on the upper surface of the base plate 18; the first inclined surface sliding plate 16 is a non-metal material, and the second inclined surface sliding plate 17 is a metal material.

[0045] Preferably, the sliding plate metal material is stainless steel, and the sliding plate non-metal material is tetrafluoroethylene.

[0046] The base plate 18, the lower seat plate 12, the middle seat plate 5, the upper seat plate 1, the inclined surface friction pair, the guide friction pair and the spherical surface friction pair jointly realize the vertical bearing, horizontal bearing, vertical rotation and seismic isolation function of the support. Under normal use, there is no relative displacement between the components or between the friction pairs.

[0047] By selecting appropriate friction pair materials and structural forms, the vibration and noise generated by friction can be reduced; at the same time, by designing reasonable damping devices and parameters, the influence of vibration and impact can be maximized. These optimization design measures can significantly improve the mechanical properties of the engineering system, and improve the stability, safety and reliability of the system.

[0048] The first level shear mechanism is designed to act under the design earthquake, and the inclined plane friction pairs between the lower surface of the lower seat plate 12 and the upper surface of the base plate 18 reciprocate up and down in the longitudinal bridge direction, while being subjected to friction resistance during the reciprocation, thereby dissipating the seismic force, prolonging the natural vibration period of the structure, and achieving the seismic mitigation effect. When the earthquake occurs, the limiting stop arms at the two ends of the lower seat plate 12 limit the further sliding of the base plate 18 along the inclined plane, at which time the second level shear mechanism begins to act, and when the horizontal force is large, the shear occurs, thereby dissipating the seismic force, prolonging the natural vibration period of the structure, and further achieving the seismic mitigation effect, thereby having double safety protection.

[0049] In addition, in order to better play the role of the seismic mitigation support, a plurality of sealing rings are arranged to achieve the purpose of dust isolation. The outer periphery of the lower surface of the upper seat plate 1 and the upper surface of the lower seat plate 12 are provided with a second annular sealing ring 11, which is located outside the first spherical sliding plate 2 and serves as the first layer of dustproof sealing. The upper part of the first spherical sliding plate 2 and the upper surface of the middle seat plate 5 and the lower surface of the middle seat plate 5 and the lower part of the first spherical sliding plate 2 are respectively provided with a first annular sealing ring 4, which is located outside the second spherical sliding plate 3 and serves as the second layer of dustproof sealing. Dustproof sealing rings can also be arranged beside each group of friction pairs to reduce the falling of dust and debris into the gap and improve the effectiveness of maintenance and resetting functions.

[0050] Embodiment 2

[0051] A seismic mitigation support with hierarchical shock absorption and self-resetting function, as shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4 on the basis of the seismic mitigation support of embodiment 1, a top seat plate 24 is added above the upper seat plate 1, the top seat plate 24 is connected with the beam body, and the base plate 18 is connected with the pier. A planar friction pair is arranged between the lower surface of the top seat plate 24 and the upper surface of the upper seat plate 1, including a first planar sliding plate 25 and a second planar sliding plate 26, the first planar sliding plate 25 is installed on the lower surface of the top seat plate 24, and the second planar sliding plate 26 is installed on the upper surface of the upper seat plate 1. The first planar sliding plate 25 is made of metal material, and the second planar sliding plate 26 is made of non-metal material. Through the planar friction pair structure, the temperature rise displacement change of the support during normal use is realized.

[0052] Preferably, the metal material of the sliding plate is stainless steel, and the non-metal material of the sliding plate is tetrafluoroethylene.

[0053] The top seat plate 24 is provided with limiting stop arms at both ends in the longitudinal bridge direction and the transverse bridge direction, which limit the displacement when the displacement of the support exceeds the designed displacement. The limiting stop arms in the transverse bridge direction are arranged close to the outer periphery side of the upper seat plate 1, and the limiting stop arms in the longitudinal bridge direction are spaced apart from the outer periphery side of the upper seat plate 1 by a certain space according to the specific situation.

[0054] The above merely provides the preferred embodiment of the present application, and is not used to limit the present application. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A seismic isolation bearing with graded damping and self-resetting functions, comprising a base plate (18), a lower base plate (12), a middle base plate (5), and an upper base plate (1) stacked sequentially from bottom to top, characterized in that, The vibration damping and isolation bearing includes a multi-stage shearing mechanism, which includes at least a first-stage shearing mechanism and a second-stage shearing mechanism. The first-stage shearing mechanism is disposed on the lower surface of the lower seat plate (12) and located on the outer periphery of the base plate (18). The second-stage shearing mechanism is disposed on the upper surface of the lower seat plate (12) and located on the outer periphery of the upper seat plate (1).

2. The seismic isolation bearing with graded damping and self-resetting functions according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first-stage shearing mechanism and the second-stage shearing mechanism each include at least one set of shearing devices.

3. The seismic isolation bearing with graded damping and self-resetting functions according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first-stage shearing mechanism includes two sets of shearing devices, referred to as the first shearing device. The first shearing device includes a first limiting member (13) and a shearing member. The two sets of first shearing devices are located on the outer sides of both ends of the base plate (18) in the longitudinal direction. The second-stage shearing mechanism includes two sets of shearing devices, referred to as the second shearing device. The second shearing device includes a second limiting member (8) and a shearing member. The two sets of second shearing devices are located on the outer sides of both ends of the upper base plate (1) in the longitudinal direction.

4. The seismic isolation bearing with graded damping and self-resetting functions according to claim 3, characterized in that, The second-stage shearing mechanism also includes two sets of shearing devices, referred to as the third shearing device. The third shearing device includes a third limiting member (23) and a shearing member. The two sets of third shearing devices are located on the outer sides of the upper seat plate (1) at both ends of the cross bridge.

5. The seismic isolation bearing with graded damping and self-resetting function according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that, The shearing components include shearing pins and shearing bolts.

6. The seismic isolation bearing with graded damping and self-resetting functions according to claim 4, characterized in that, A transverse bridge guide friction pair is provided between the inner side of the second limiting member (8) and the end of the upper seat plate (1), and a longitudinal bridge guide friction pair is provided between the inner side of the third limiting member (23) and the end of the upper seat plate (1).

7. The seismic isolation bearing with graded damping and self-resetting functions according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lower surface of the upper seat plate (1) and the upper surface of the lower seat plate (12) are both concave spherical surfaces. The middle seat plate (5) is located in the cavity formed by the upper seat plate (1) and the lower seat plate (12). The upper and lower surfaces of the middle seat plate (5) are both convex spherical surfaces. Spherical friction pairs are respectively provided between the upper seat plate (1) and the middle seat plate (5) and between the lower seat plate (12) and the middle seat plate (5).

8. The seismic isolation bearing with graded damping and self-resetting functions according to claim 1, characterized in that, At least one pair of inclined surfaces are provided on the upper surface of the base plate (18), and the inclined surfaces are symmetrically arranged with respect to the symmetrical plane of the base plate (18) in the direction of the horizontal bridge. The lower surface of the lower base plate (12) is configured to cooperate with the upper surface of the base plate (18), and an inclined friction pair is provided between the lower surface of the lower base plate (12) and the upper surface of the base plate (18).

9. The seismic isolation bearing with graded damping and self-resetting functions according to claim 1, characterized in that, A top seat plate (24) is provided on the upper side of the upper seat plate (1), and a planar friction pair is provided between the lower surface of the top seat plate (24) and the upper surface of the upper seat plate (1).

10. The seismic isolation bearing with graded damping and self-resetting functions according to claim 1, characterized in that, The shear stress required for the first-stage shearing mechanism to cut is less than the shear stress required for the second-stage shearing mechanism to cut.

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