Intelligent hob

Abstract

The invention provides an intelligent hob. The intelligent hob comprises a hob shaft and a hob ring rotationally arranged on the hob shaft in a sleeving mode. The magnet is arranged on the cutter shaft to generate a fixed magnetic field; the first electromagnetic monitoring assembly is arranged on the cutter ring, the first electromagnetic monitoring assembly is provided with an abrasion monitoring ring and a cutter ring coil which are connected to form a closed conductive loop, the abrasion monitoring ring is located on the outer edge of the cutter ring and extends in the circumferential direction of the cutter ring, and the cutter ring coil is located in the cutter ring; and in the state that the cutter ring rotates relative to the cutter shaft to enable the cutter ring coil to cut the magnetic induction lines in the fixed magnetic field, the abrasion degree of the cutter ring is judged according to whether an electric signal is generated in the closed conductive loop or not. The problems that an existing hob state monitoring system is complex, the monitoring result is inaccurate and parameters are incomplete can be solved, and hob abrasion and rotating speed measurement is achieved based on the electromagnetic action relation.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of shield construction equipment, and particularly relates to an intelligent rolling cutter with a wear monitoring function. BACKGROUND

[0002] The rolling cutter is a kind of rock breaking cutter commonly used in a tunnel boring machine, and is essential in a hard rock tunneling machine. Since the rolling cutter directly contacts with a tunnel face, the rolling cutter is extremely easy to wear and even collapse and is difficult to check. Cutter damage can cause faults of a cutter box and even a cutter head. At present, the detection method of rolling cutter wear is to stop detection at regular intervals. This method belongs to post-checking, and only replacement can be made after the problem is found. The damage degree cannot be controlled in time by adjusting the tunneling strategy during the tunneling process, and the cutter is then replaced at the right moment. In addition, the accurate speed of the cutter head often needs to be directly measured by a collection device. However, the working environment of the cutter head is harsh, with large vibration, much dust and flying stones. The detection device is extremely easy to damage. If the speed of the rolling cutter can be detected, the speed of the cutter head can be easily calculated according to the position of the rolling cutter in the cutter head.

[0003] In the prior art, a sensor is generally installed on the cutter ring of the rolling cutter to detect the cutter wear and the speed of the cutter ring. Most of the sensors need to be powered by a battery, and problems such as complex equipment, inaccurate detection and few detected parameters often exist. For example, the Chinese patent with the publication number CN110905541B provides an intelligent rolling cutter with state self-detection. This technology measures complete parameters, but the structure is complex, and a battery, a power generation device, a circuit board and a wireless device need to be placed in the rolling cutter. Therefore, the technology is not easy to implement. The Chinese patent application with the publication number CN116907398A discloses a rolling cutter wear detection method and an intelligent rolling cutter. This technology measures the linear speed of the outer ring of the rolling cutter pushed out by the cutter head, measures the speed of the rolling cutter according to the cooperation of the magnet inside the rolling cutter and the Hall sensor, and then calculates the cutter wear. This method has a large error and cannot detect the collapse of the cutter ring.

[0004] Therefore, a reliable device capable of obtaining the working condition of the rolling cutter in real time is needed to solve the above problems. SUMMARY

[0005] The purpose of the present application is to provide an intelligent rolling cutter to solve the problems of complex rolling cutter state monitoring system, inaccurate monitoring results and incomplete parameters, and to realize the measurement of the wear and speed of the rolling cutter based on the electromagnetic action relationship.

[0006] The above technical purposes of the present application are mainly realized by the following technical solutions.

[0007] The present application provides an intelligent rolling cutter, which comprises:

[0008] a cutter shaft and a cutter ring rotatably arranged on the cutter shaft.

[0009] a magnet provided on the cutter shaft to generate a fixed magnetic field;

[0010] a first electromagnetic monitoring assembly provided on the cutter ring, the first electromagnetic monitoring assembly having a wear monitoring ring and a cutter ring coil connected to form a closed conductive loop, the wear monitoring ring being located on the outer edge of the cutter ring and extending along the circumferential direction of the cutter ring, the cutter ring coil being located inside the cutter ring;

[0011] in a state where the cutter ring rotates relative to the cutter shaft to make the cutter ring coil cut the magnetic lines of force in the fixed magnetic field, the wear degree of the cutter ring is determined according to whether an electric signal is generated in the closed conductive loop.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment of the present application, the intelligent cutter further comprises:

[0013] a second electromagnetic monitoring assembly provided on the cutter shaft, the second electromagnetic monitoring assembly being used to monitor a varying magnetic field generated by the electric signal in the closed conductive loop to transmit the monitoring electric signal on the cutter ring to the cutter shaft.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment of the present application, the first electromagnetic monitoring assembly has a plurality of wear monitoring rings, each of the wear monitoring rings being arranged at intervals along the radial direction of the cutter ring, and each of the wear monitoring rings being connected to one of the cutter ring coils to form a plurality of closed conductive loops independent of each other.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment of the present application, the plurality of cutter ring coils have different numbers of turns and different installation angles inside the cutter ring.

[0016] In a preferred embodiment of the present application, a ring groove is formed on the outer edge of the side surface of the cutter ring, and a conductive material is provided in the ring groove to form the wear monitoring ring, the wear monitoring ring has a notch, and the conductive materials on both sides of the notch are connected to both ends of the cutter ring coil through wires.

[0017] In a preferred embodiment of the present application, the wear monitoring ring is covered with a protective ring.

[0018] In a preferred embodiment of the present application, the second electromagnetic monitoring assembly has a cutter shaft coil fixed on the cutter shaft, and both ends of the cutter shaft coil are connected to a signal monitoring device through lead-out wires to form a monitoring loop.

[0019] In a preferred embodiment of the present application, the wear monitoring ring is located on the side surface of the cutter ring, and the cutter ring coil is located on the inner surface of the cutter ring.

[0020] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the magnet has two arc-shaped permanent magnets, which are fastened to each other on the cutter shaft, and the same magnetic poles of the two permanent magnets are arranged opposite each other.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution of the present invention has the following characteristics and advantages:

[0022] 1. The intelligent hob described in this invention has a simple structure and is easy to deploy inside the cutter shaft and cutter ring.

[0023] 2. The intelligent hobbing cutter described in this invention has no complex circuit or mechanical structure and is low in cost.

[0024] 3. The intelligent hob described in this invention can accurately monitor the wear and breakage degree through the calibration of the wear monitoring ring, and can also accurately calculate the rotation speed through voltage and frequency. Attached Figure Description

[0025] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort. In the drawings:

[0026] The accompanying drawings described herein are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention in any way. Furthermore, the shapes and proportions of the components in the drawings are merely illustrative to aid in understanding the invention and do not specifically limit the shapes and proportions of the components. Those skilled in the art, guided by the teachings of this invention, can select various possible shapes and proportions to implement the invention according to specific circumstances.

[0027] Figure 1 This is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the magnet end of the intelligent hob described in this invention;

[0028] Figure 2 This is a 45-degree side view of the upper coil direction of the intelligent hob described in this invention;

[0029] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure along the AA direction;

[0030] Figure 4 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure along the BB direction.

[0031] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0032] 1. Cutter shaft; 2. Permanent magnet; 3. Cutter ring; 4. Wear monitoring ring; 5. Wear monitoring ring lead wire; 6. Bearing; 7. Cutter ring coil; 8. Cutter shaft coil; 9. Cutter shaft coil lead wire. Detailed Implementation

[0033] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions of this invention, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0034] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "set on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or there may be an intervening element. When an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intervening element. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only embodiments.

[0035] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. The terminology used herein in the specification of this invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. The term "and / or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0036] This invention provides an intelligent hobbing cutter, such as... Figures 1 to 4 As shown, it includes: a cutter shaft 1 and a cutter ring 3 rotatably sleeved on the cutter shaft 1; a magnet, which is disposed on the cutter shaft 1 to generate a fixed magnetic field; a first electromagnetic monitoring component disposed on the cutter ring 3, the first electromagnetic monitoring component having a wear monitoring ring 4 and a cutter ring coil 7 connected to form a closed conductive circuit, the wear monitoring ring 4 being located at the outer edge of the cutter ring 3 and extending along the circumferential direction of the cutter ring 3, and the cutter ring coil 7 being located inside the cutter ring 3; when the cutter ring 3 rotates relative to the cutter shaft 1 so that the cutter ring coil 7 cuts the magnetic field lines in the fixed magnetic field, the wear degree of the cutter ring 3 is determined according to whether an electrical signal is generated in the closed conductive circuit.

[0037] The intelligent hob described in this invention can monitor the wear of the upper cutter ring 3 through the calibration of the wear monitoring ring 4. It has a simple structure, is easy to deploy inside the cutter ring 3, and has no complex circuit or mechanical structure, resulting in relatively low cost.

[0038] The following section will provide a detailed description of the specific structure of each part of the intelligent hobbing cutter described in this invention, as well as the position and connection relationship between each part.

[0039] The intelligent hob described in this invention has a cutter shaft 1 and a cutter ring 3, as shown below. Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the cutter shaft 1 passes through the central through hole of the cutter ring 3 and the two are connected by a bearing 6. The cutter shaft 1 is used to be fixedly mounted on the cutter head, and the cutter ring 3 is rotatably mounted on the cutter shaft 1 to achieve cutting and excavation of the soil at the working face.

[0040] The intelligent hobbing cutter of the present invention has a magnet, such as Figure 1 and Figure 4 As shown, the magnet is mounted and fixed on the cutter shaft 1. During operation, the cutter shaft 1 is fixed while the cutter ring 3 rotates. Therefore, the magnet fixed on the cutter shaft 1 can generate a fixed magnetic field within the range of the cutter. Specifically, in this embodiment, as... Figure 3 As shown, the magnet has two arc-shaped permanent magnets 2, which are fastened to the cutter shaft 1. The same magnetic poles of the two permanent magnets 2 are arranged opposite each other, that is, the N poles and S poles of the two permanent magnets 2 are opposite each other, thus forming a spatial magnetic field from the N pole to the S pole.

[0041] The intelligent hobbing cutter of the present invention has a first electromagnetic monitoring component, such as... Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, the first electromagnetic monitoring component monitors the wear of the cutter ring 3 through the principle of electromagnetic induction. The first electromagnetic monitoring component has a wear monitoring ring 4 and a cutter ring coil 7 connected to form a closed conductive circuit. The wear monitoring ring 4 is located on the outer edge of the cutter ring 3 and extends along the circumferential direction of the cutter ring 3. The wear monitoring ring 4 is located on the side surface of the cutter ring 3, and the cutter ring coil 7 is located on the inner surface of the cutter ring 3.

[0042] When the tunneling machine is working, the cutter head rotates with the cutter disc, and the cutter ring 3 rotates on the cutter shaft 1. Therefore, the cutter ring coil 7 on the cutter ring 3 cuts the magnetic field lines in the fixed magnetic field, generating an induced electromotive force. If the wear monitoring ring 4 on the cutter ring 3 is not damaged, an induced current is generated in the closed conductive circuit formed by the wear monitoring ring 4 and the cutter ring coil 7. Since the cutter ring 3 is continuously rotating and the spatial magnetic field is not a unidirectional magnetic field, an alternating current signal can be generated in the closed conductive circuit. If the wear monitoring ring 4 is damaged due to wear of the cutter ring 3 and cannot form a closed conductive circuit with the cutter ring coil 7, then no corresponding induced current will be generated in either the wear monitoring ring 4 or the cutter ring coil 7, that is, no alternating current signal can be detected. In this case, it can be determined that the cutter ring 3 is worn or damaged.

[0043] Furthermore, such as Figure 2 and Figure 4As shown, the first electromagnetic monitoring component has multiple wear monitoring rings 4, each wear monitoring ring 4 is spaced apart along the radial direction of the cutter ring 3, and each wear monitoring ring 4 is connected to a cutter ring coil 7 to form multiple independent closed conductive circuits; by setting multiple wear monitoring rings 4, the wear amount of the cutter ring 3 can be accurately monitored.

[0044] Specifically, for example, a wear monitoring ring 4 is installed every 5mm on the side of the cutter ring 3. When the outermost wear monitoring ring 4 is worn through, its corresponding closed conductive circuit is broken. At this time, the corresponding circuit on the cutter ring 3 cannot generate current, and it can be determined from the monitored information that the cutter ring 3 has been worn by 5mm. According to the correspondence between multiple wear monitoring rings 4 and the monitored electrical signals, the actual wear of the cutter ring 3 can be accurately determined. When the cutter ring 3 breaks, several wear monitoring rings 4 will simultaneously fail to form a circuit to generate current, thus determining whether the cutter ring 3 has broken. When the hob is running normally, the frequency of the induced electrical signal is different when the rotational speed of the cutter ring 3 is different. By monitoring the frequency of the induced electrical signal, the rotational speed of the hob can be obtained.

[0045] The structure and technical effects of the preferred embodiment of the intelligent hobbing cutter described in this invention will be further explained below.

[0046] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the information monitored by the first electromagnetic monitoring component is still located on the rotating cutter ring 3. If it is necessary to obtain the corresponding information in real time, an additional communication component needs to be set up, which complicates the structure of the cutter ring 3. To this end, the present invention sets a second electromagnetic monitoring component on the cutter shaft 1 to transmit the monitored information to the cutter shaft 1. Since the cutter shaft 1 is fixed on the cutter disc, it is convenient to transmit the signal to the outside of the hobbing tool for processing.

[0047] The intelligent hob also includes a second electromagnetic monitoring component mounted on the cutter shaft 1, such as... Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, the second electromagnetic monitoring component is used to monitor the changing magnetic field generated by the electrical signal in the closed conductive circuit, so as to transmit the monitoring electrical signal on the cutter ring 3 to the cutter shaft 1.

[0048] In an alternative embodiment, such as Figure 4 As shown, the second electromagnetic monitoring component has a cutter shaft coil 8, which is fixed on the cutter shaft 1. The two ends of the cutter shaft coil 8 are connected to the signal monitoring equipment through the cutter shaft coil lead wire 9 to form a monitoring circuit.

[0049] During the rotation of the cutter ring 3 relative to the cutter shaft 1, if the wear monitoring ring 4 is not worn, a corresponding changing current is generated in the closed conductive circuit. Due to the flow of the changing current, a corresponding changing magnetic field is generated in the cutter ring coil 7. The changing magnetic field cuts the cutter shaft coil 8 on the cutter shaft 1, causing it to generate a corresponding induced electromotive force, thereby generating a corresponding electrical signal in the monitoring circuit, thus determining whether the cutter ring 3 is worn or damaged. If no corresponding electrical signal is generated in the monitoring circuit, it can be determined that the wear monitoring ring 4 is worn, that is, the cutter ring 3 is worn or damaged.

[0050] Furthermore, when multiple wear monitoring rings 4 are provided on the cutter ring 3, the corresponding multiple cutter ring coils 7 have different numbers of turns and different installation angles within the cutter ring 3. Due to the different numbers of turns and installation angles of the multiple cutter ring coils 7, the intensity of the induced magnetic field they generate is also different, and there are differences in their spatial distribution. The electrical signals generated by the cutting shaft coil 8 are also different and have a phase difference. The N cutter ring coils 7 on the cutter ring 3 generate N electrical signals with different characteristics on the cutting shaft coil 8. The frequency of the voltage monitored in the monitoring circuit corresponding to the cutting shaft coil 8 can indicate the rotational speed of the cutter ring 3. When the number of voltage peaks decreases, it proves that the cutter ring 3 is worn. The degree of wear of the cutter ring 3 can be monitored through calibration. When multiple voltages decrease simultaneously, it indicates that the cutter ring 3 has cracks or breakage, thus achieving accurate monitoring of the wear, breakage, and speed of the cutter ring 3.

[0051] According to one embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, an annular groove is formed on the outer edge of the blade ring 3. Conductive material is placed inside the annular groove to form a wear monitoring ring 4. The wear monitoring ring 4 has a notch, and the conductive material on both sides of the notch is connected to the two ends of the blade ring coil 7 through the wear monitoring ring wire 5 to form a closed conductive circuit. An insulating layer is pre-coated inside the annular groove to ensure insulation between the wear monitoring ring 4 and the blade ring 3.

[0052] Preferably, the wear monitoring ring 4 is covered by a protective ring to protect the wear monitoring ring 4 and prevent damage to the wear monitoring ring 4 before the cutter ring 3 is worn to the required level, thereby affecting the wear monitoring results.

[0053] The specific embodiments described above further illustrate the purpose, technical solution, and beneficial effects of the present invention. It should be understood that the above descriptions are merely specific embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An intelligent hobbing cutter, characterized in that, include: The cutter shaft (1) and the cutter ring rotatably sleeved on the cutter shaft (1); A magnet is disposed on the cutter shaft (1) to generate a fixed magnetic field; A first electromagnetic monitoring component is provided on the cutter ring. The first electromagnetic monitoring component has a wear monitoring ring (4) and a cutter ring coil (7) connected to form a closed conductive loop. The wear monitoring ring (4) is located on the outer edge of the cutter ring and extends along the circumferential direction of the cutter ring. The cutter ring coil (7) is located inside the cutter ring. While the cutter ring rotates relative to the cutter shaft (1) to make the cutter ring coil (7) cut the magnetic field lines in the fixed magnetic field, the wear degree of the cutter ring is determined according to whether an electrical signal is generated in the closed conductive circuit.

2. The intelligent hobbing cutter according to claim 1, characterized in that, The intelligent hobbing cutter also includes: A second electromagnetic monitoring component is provided on the cutter shaft (1). The second electromagnetic monitoring component is used to monitor the changing magnetic field generated by the electrical signal in the closed conductive circuit, so as to transmit the monitoring electrical signal on the cutter ring to the cutter shaft (1).

3. The intelligent hob according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The first electromagnetic monitoring component has a plurality of wear monitoring rings (4), each wear monitoring ring (4) is spaced apart along the radial direction of the blade ring, and each wear monitoring ring (4) is connected to a blade ring coil (7) to form a plurality of independent closed conductive circuits.

4. The intelligent hob according to claim 3, characterized in that, The plurality of said blade coils (7) have different numbers of turns and different mounting angles within the blade coil.

5. The intelligent hob according to claim 3, characterized in that, The blade ring has an annular groove on its outer side edge, and a conductive material is provided in the annular groove to form the wear monitoring ring (4). The wear monitoring ring (4) has a notch, and the conductive material on both sides of the notch is connected to the two ends of the blade ring coil (7) through wires.

6. The intelligent hob according to claim 5, characterized in that, The wear monitoring ring (4) is covered by a protective ring.

7. The intelligent hob according to claim 2, characterized in that, The second electromagnetic monitoring component has a cutter shaft coil (8), which is fixed on the cutter shaft (1). The two ends of the cutter shaft coil (8) are connected to the signal monitoring device through lead wires to form a monitoring circuit.

8. The intelligent hobbing cutter according to claim 1, characterized in that, The wear monitoring ring (4) is located on the side surface of the cutter ring (3), and the cutter ring coil (7) is located on the inner surface of the cutter ring (3).

9. The intelligent hobbing cutter according to claim 1, characterized in that, The magnet has two arc-shaped permanent magnets (2), which are fastened to the cutter shaft (1) and the same magnetic poles of the two permanent magnets (2) are arranged opposite each other.

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