Wave power generation device and power generation method based on symmetrical double pendulums and reset springs

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of wave power generation, and particularly relates to a wave power generation device and method based on symmetrical double pendulums and reset springs, the device comprises a floating shell, and the bottom of the floating shell is moored through an anchor chain. A double-pendulum system capable of rotating around a central main shaft is arranged in the shell, and double pendulums are restrained through a reset spring and provided with a bidirectional driving pawl. Reciprocating motion of the pendulum is converted into one-way rotation through a ratchet wheel-vortex spring mechanism, and a vortex spring plays a role in smoothing energy and buffering and storing energy. And the rotating motion passes through a speed-increasing transmission chain formed by a conical large gear and horizontal and vertical duplicate gears, and finally drives a generator to generate electricity. The device is provided with a locking and stopping mechanism, the gear is locked and stopped when the wave height is small, energy is stored in the vortex spring, and the energy is released after being accumulated to a threshold value to achieve intermittent power generation. When the wave direction is not perpendicular to the balance position of the double pendulums, asymmetric swinging torque can drive the whole center main shaft to rotate through the reset spring and the limiting device, so that the double pendulums are automatically aligned to the wave incoming direction, and omnidirectional self-adaption is achieved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to wave energy generation technology, and in particular to a wave power generation device and method based on symmetric double pendulums and return springs. BACKGROUND

[0002] Under the background of increasing shortage of traditional fossil energy and increasing environmental pressure, developing clean and renewable alternative energy has become a global consensus. Ocean wave energy is attracting attention due to its wide distribution, large reserves, high energy flow density, and great development and utilization potential. Among them, the pendulum wave energy generation device, as a common technical route, can directly drive the generator through the swing of the pendulum under the action of waves, and has the advantages of relatively simple structure and strong adaptability. However, the traditional single pendulum wave energy device still faces some technical challenges in practical application: the vertical axis single pendulum device is prone to "lock stop" in high frequency waves, and in low frequency waves, it may not be able to fully utilize the movement space of the floating body due to insufficient swing, and sometimes even cause chaotic motion of the floating body; the start of the horizontal axis single pendulum device is greatly affected by gravity, and has certain requirements for wave conditions, limiting its applicability in small waves and high sea conditions.

[0003] Chinese patent application CN120626397A discloses a multi-energy coupling intelligent power generation device integrating wind power, photovoltaic and wave energy. The wave energy generation unit adopts a multi-direction articulated shaft-linkage-conical gear pair and a straight gear-rack transmission to build a double collaborative power generation path, cooperates with guide rail sliders and return springs, and efficiently captures wave multi-degree-of-freedom energy and ensures transmission accuracy. The overall device uses eight external floating buoys to provide buoyancy. Four power generation units are arranged in the space surrounded by the floating buoys. The power generation units capture wave energy by a floating body and convert it into electrical energy by a gear and rack structure. Disadvantage 1: The arrangement of the floating buoys reduces the wave energy capture of the wave energy generation unit to some extent, resulting in low capture efficiency. Disadvantage 2: The wave energy generation unit uses a universal joint and a gear and rack structure to capture wave energy, and the structure is directly exposed to the marine environment.

[0004] Chinese patent application CN112253365A discloses an electromechanical conversion device of a wave generator, which includes a rack, a generator, a swing rod, a spring, a main gear, a secondary gear, a synchronization mechanism and a speed increasing mechanism. The wave generator suspended on the water surface obtains mechanical energy generated by wind waves through the swing rod, drives the main gear to rotate, and through the synchronization mechanism and the speed increasing mechanism, the generator outputs electrical energy. At the same time, the excess mechanical energy increases the spring energy storage. When the mechanical energy decreases, the spring drives the swing rod to reset and through the secondary gear, the synchronization mechanism and the speed increasing mechanism, the generator outputs electrical energy. The left and right swing rods are respectively located in two conical planes with an included angle of 120°. Although it can capture multi-directional waves, the swing rod movement is still limited to its plane, and cannot realize multi-directional wave energy capture.

[0005] Chinese patent application CN105863934A discloses an offshore water power generation device, which comprises a platform mechanism, a wave energy power generation system and a tidal current energy power generation system. The wave energy power generation system is installed on both sides of the platform mechanism, and the tidal current energy power generation system is rotatably installed at the bottom end of the platform mechanism. The platform mechanism comprises a platform frame, an air chamber and a fixed anchor. The wave energy power generation system comprises a power generation mechanism and an energy storage mechanism. The tidal current energy power generation system comprises a tidal current energy capturing mechanism, a tidal current energy power generation mechanism and a tidal current energy power generation shell. The tidal current energy capturing mechanism comprises a water turbine and a guide cover. The water turbine is installed in the guide cover. A guide pipe is fixedly arranged on the upper portion of the guide cover. The upper end of the guide pipe is connected with the rotating disc. The wave energy power generation system of the device is based on the external symmetrical energy storage plate constrained by the reset spring. The energy storage plate is connected with the internal gear structure through the energy storage rod and the spring. The design directly applies the wave acting force on the energy storage plate, which greatly increases the risk of damage to the internal mechanical structure. SUMMARY

[0006] The purpose of the present application is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, and to provide a wave power generation device and method based on symmetrical double pendulums and reset springs, which can adapt to all-directional wave direction, ultra-low frequency small waves and high sea conditions, and reduce the movement response of the floating body structure.

[0007] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application adopts the following technical solutions: A wave power generation device based on symmetrical double pendulums and reset springs comprises a sealed shell. A horizontally arranged base and a top seat are fixedly installed in the shell in parallel. A rotatable central main shaft is installed through the center of the top seat and the base. A double pendulum vibration system composed of two single pendulums is symmetrically installed in the middle part of the central main shaft. Tapered gear wheels are installed on the central main shafts on the upper and lower sides of the double pendulum vibration system. Turbine spring ratchets are rotatably installed on the rotating shafts of the tapered gear wheels. The volute springs of the turbine spring ratchets are connected with the rotating shafts, which can drive the tapered gear wheels to rotate. A ring-shaped spring guide rod is freely passed through the swing arms of the two single pendulums. A reset spring is sleeved on the ring-shaped spring guide rod. One end of the reset spring is connected with the swing arm, and the other end is connected with a limiting device fixedly connected with the ring-shaped spring guide rod. The limiting device is symmetrically arranged with two. One limiting device is installed on the outside of the limiting-locking fixed connecting rod. The other limiting device is installed on the outside of the doublet-fixed connecting rod. The limiting-locking fixed connecting rod and the doublet-gear fixed connecting rod are fixed on the central main shaft through the upper fixed connecting rod and the lower fixed connecting rod, respectively. A generator is installed on the lower side of the lower fixed connecting rod. A gear is installed at the end of the rotating shaft of the generator. The inner side of the limiting-locking fixed connecting rod is provided with a limiting pawl, and the upper side of the limiting-locking fixed connecting rod is provided with a locking stepping motor and a locking moving rack capable of locking and releasing the upper conical gear; The inner side and the lower side of the double-gear fixed connecting rod are respectively provided with horizontally meshed double gears and vertically meshed double gears, the horizontally meshed double gears are further meshed with the conical gear, and the vertically meshed double gears are further meshed with the gear on the generator; The single pendulum is provided with a driving pawl, and the driving pawl and the limiting pawl are matched with the spiral spring ratchet.

[0008] The bottom of the shell is connected with the anchor pile of the seabed through an anchor chain.

[0009] The shell is composed of an upper cylinder and a lower circular truncated cone, and the shell is internally hollow and closed.

[0010] An internal fixed base is arranged at the junction of the upper cylinder and the lower circular truncated cone, and a top base is arranged at the top of the upper cylinder.

[0011] The top base and the base are provided with bearings at the center, a central shaft passes through the bearings at the center of the top base and the base, and a counterweight is arranged at the lower end of the central bearing.

[0012] The single pendulum comprises a bearing arranged on the central shaft, and the bearing is connected with the mass block through a pendulum arm.

[0013] The pendulum arm of the single pendulum is provided with a pawl fixing structure, and the upper and lower surfaces of the pawl fixing structure are respectively provided with driving pawls matched with the spiral spring ratchet.

[0014] The spiral spring ratchet comprises a rotatable ratchet and a spiral spring, the ratchet is hollow in the middle, the hollow part is divided into two layers in space, the lower layer is symmetrically provided with eight connecting rods connected with a bearing, the bearing is arranged on the outer side of the cylindrical part of the conical gear, so that the ratchet structure can rotate around the conical gear, and the upper layer is provided with the spiral spring, the other end of the spiral spring is connected with the top outer side of the cylindrical part of the conical gear, the spiral spring can be deformed by the relative rotation of the ratchet and the conical gear, but it cannot rotate relative to the ratchet or the conical gear, and there is no contact and interference between the bearing and the spiral spring.

[0015] The two limiting devices and the two single pendulums are crosswise arranged on the same ring.

[0016] The limiting device is provided with an annular spring guide rod, which passes through the swing arm of the single pendulum, so that the swing arm can move along the annular spring guide rod; the limiting device is provided with a return spring, which passes through the annular spring guide rod and is connected with the spring guide ring on the single pendulum swing arm.

[0017] The upper fixed connecting rod and the lower fixed connecting rod are respectively located above and below the upper conical gear and the lower conical gear; the upper fixed connecting rod, the lower fixed connecting rod, the limiting-stop fixed connecting rod and the double-gear fixed connecting rod are connected to form a frame structure.

[0018] The stop step motor is connected with the wave height sensor, which is built-in the shell and transmits data to the control system in the shell, and the control system controls the stop step motor; A torque sensor for detecting the movement of the vortex spring ratchet is installed on the limiting pawl, and the torque sensor sends data to the control system in the shell to calculate the movement angle of the vortex spring ratchet; when the set condition is reached, the conical gear is locked, and the vortex spring is energized; after the ratchet structure rotates to the set angle, the energy storage reaches the threshold of the vortex spring; at this time, the control system in the shell controls the step stop motor to release the conical gear.

[0019] The rotating shaft of the generator passes through the rotating hole on the lower side of the double-gear fixed connecting rod.

[0020] The gear transmission structure composed of the conical gear, the horizontal double-gear and the vertical double-gear has gear teeth gradually decreasing, so that the rotating speed of the rotating shaft gradually increases, and the generator can maintain a high speed to rotate and generate electricity.

[0021] A wave power generation method based on a symmetric double pendulum and a return spring, comprising: (1) The power generation device is placed on the sea surface by mooring, and under the action of the sea surface waves, the power generation device occurs pitching and surging, the center main shaft moves and is not perpendicular to the horizontal plane, the symmetric double pendulum swings under the double action of gravity and wave force, thereby driving the swing arm to swing and being limited by the return spring, and periodically swinging back and forth with the waves; (2) When the double pendulum swings backward, the left single pendulum swing arm drives the lower spring ratchet wheel to rotate through the lower driving pawl, and the right single pendulum swing arm drives the upper spring ratchet wheel to rotate through the upper driving pawl; when the double pendulum swings forward, the opposite of the above-mentioned situation occurs, the left single pendulum swing arm drives the upper spring ratchet wheel to rotate through the upper driving pawl, and the right single pendulum swing arm drives the lower spring ratchet wheel to rotate through the lower driving pawl; when the spring ratchet wheel is switched by the double pendulum, the limiting pawl installed on the limiting-stop fixed connecting rod limits the spring ratchet wheel, so that the spring ratchet wheel cannot be rotated by the influence of the spring, and under the joint action of the driving pawl and the limiting pawl, the ratchet structure can always rotate in one direction during the back-and-forth swinging of the double pendulum, the back-and-forth swinging of the double pendulum drives the ratchet to rotate in a certain direction, so that the spring stores energy, and when the torque of the spring is greater than the starting torque, the upper and lower spring drives the upper and lower bevel gears to rotate, respectively; (3) The bevel gear is engaged with the horizontal double bevel gear and drives the horizontal double bevel gear to rotate, the horizontal double bevel gear is engaged with the vertical double bevel gear and drives the vertical double bevel gear to rotate, and finally the vertical double bevel gear is engaged with the gear at the top of the generator shaft and drives the generator to generate electricity; (4) When the wave is not enough to cause the built-in device body to resonate, the energy input in one period of double pendulum swinging cannot drive the generator to reach the power generation speed, the starting lock-stop stepper motor drives the lock-stop moving rack through the top gear of the shaft, thereby restricting the movement of the upper bevel gear, so that the spring can store energy, and through the torque sensor monitoring, when the torque generated by the spring reaches a certain range, the lock-stop stepper motor releases the upper bevel gear, realizes the release of the energy stored by the spring, and after the energy is released, the upper bevel gear is again restricted, realizing intermittent energy storage and power generation in the case that the wave is not enough to cause the built-in device body to resonate; (5) When the wave direction is perpendicular to the static equilibrium position of the double pendulum, the counterweight under the center main shaft increases the moment of inertia, so that the entire rotatable built-in device will not move asymmetrically due to the asymmetric force of the double pendulum at a certain moment; when the wave direction is no longer perpendicular to the static equilibrium position of the double pendulum, the double pendulum is no longer symmetrically moved, and the single pendulum with a larger angle with the wave direction will have a larger movement amplitude than the single pendulum with a smaller angle with the wave direction, so that the thrust generated by the compression of the return spring is larger, the thrust acts on the limiting device connected with the center main shaft, thereby generating a torque that pushes the center main shaft to rotate, so that the entire device installed on the center main shaft rotates relative to the shell, thereby making the static equilibrium position of the double pendulum perpendicular to the wave direction again, realizing the wave direction self-adaptation.

[0022] The beneficial effects of the present application are: The power generation device disclosed in this invention adopts a symmetrical double pendulum energy capture method. While inheriting the low cost advantage of mechanical power generation devices, it integrates all mechanical devices into the enclosed floating shell to ensure its reliability. It has a simple structure, high cost-effectiveness, is easy to put into production, and has great economic benefits.

[0023] This invention, through the structural design of double ratchet, double swing arms and three pairs of pawls, installs bidirectional drive pawls on two symmetrical single swing arms, and at the same time installs limit pawls on the limit structure, which can effectively convert the back-and-forth reciprocating motion of the double swing arms into the unidirectional rotation of the ratchet, avoiding the use of multiple generators.

[0024] This invention adds a spiral spring to the ratchet structure and connects it to a large conical gear. The double pendulum drives the ratchet to rotate, and then the ratchet drives the large conical gear to rotate via the spiral spring. Finally, the two large conical gears drive a meshing conical gear, and the rotation is input into the generator through the two double gears, realizing energy rectification. The addition of the spiral spring can effectively regulate the irregular energy input of the double pendulum, avoid excessive meshing force between the gears that may cause jamming, smooth out the energy input of the double pendulum, so that the generator can generate electricity continuously, with smaller peak power generation, smaller voltage fluctuations, and can perform energy storage and power generation under low wave height conditions.

[0025] This invention achieves dual-mode power generation through a locking device. When the wave height is high, there is no need to lock the device, as the energy input of the double pendulum is sufficient to enable the generator to continuously output electrical energy. When the wave height is low, the smaller swing of the double pendulum results in a lower generator speed, making it unable to generate electricity effectively. The locking device locks the large bevel gear and uses a spiral spring to temporarily store the wave energy captured by the double pendulum. When the spiral spring stores enough energy, the torque sensor detects the torque and releases the locking device, thus releasing the stored energy. This process is repeated to achieve intermittent power generation.

[0026] This invention employs a combined rotating shell, which can capture incoming wave conditions from various directions. Simultaneously, a rotatable central spindle is set inside the shell. When the direction of the incoming wave is no longer perpendicular to the static equilibrium position of the double pendulum, the double pendulum no longer swings symmetrically. The single pendulum with a larger angle to the direction of the incoming wave will exert a greater force on the return spring, thereby acting on the limiter. The limiter is fixed to the central spindle, thus driving the entire device on the central spindle to rotate, so that the static equilibrium position of the double pendulum is perpendicular to the direction of the incoming wave, enabling it to adapt to different incoming wave conditions.

[0027] This invention uses a return spring connected to a symmetrical pendulum. By reasonably setting the stiffness of the return spring, the rotational stiffness of the symmetrical pendulum can be applied so that the motion frequency of the symmetrical pendulum is the same as the wave frequency, thereby achieving more efficient capture of wave energy in the target sea area.

[0028] The application adopts the form of symmetric single pendulum connected with reset spring, avoids the problems of vertical axis single pendulum type wave energy device, such as unable to start when the position of lower arm is parallel to the direction of incoming wave under small wave height, only small amplitude oscillation of single pendulum under high frequency small wave height, and intensified movement response of floating body caused by severe movement of single pendulum under large wave height, and the symmetric movement of double pendulum can reduce the movement response of floating body to some extent, and can play the role of shock absorber, which provides the basis for its use in offshore power supply device, such as reducing the movement response of longitudinal shaking degree of freedom of offshore monitoring buoy.

[0029] The device of the application comprises a floating cylinder-torus combined shell, the bottom of which is moored by anchor chain. A double pendulum system rotating around a central main shaft is arranged in the shell, the double pendulum is constrained by reset spring and is provided with bidirectional driving pawl. The reciprocating movement of the pendulum is converted into unidirectional rotation through ratchet-wound spring mechanism, the wound spring plays the role of gentle energy and buffering energy storage. The rotating movement drives the generator to generate electricity through the speed increasing transmission chain composed of conical gear, horizontal and vertical double gear. The device is provided with locking mechanism, which locks the gear and stores energy in the wound spring under small wave height, and releases the energy to realize intermittent power generation when the energy accumulates to threshold value. When the wave direction is not perpendicular to the balance position of the double pendulum, the asymmetric swing torque will drive the whole central main shaft to rotate through the reset spring and limiting device, so that the double pendulum automatically aligns with the incoming wave direction to realize omnidirectional self-adaptation. The application has simple and reliable structure, low cost, can adapt to irregular wave and small wave height sea conditions, and effectively improves the energy capture efficiency and power generation stability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 is the overall diagram of the device; Figure 2 is the diagram of cylinder-torus combined shell; Figure 3 is the overall diagram of the built-in device; Figure 4 is the schematic diagram of gear transmission; Figure 5 is the schematic diagram of wound spring ratchet; Figure 6 is the schematic diagram of conical gear; Figure 7 is the schematic diagram of double pendulum system; In the figure, 101. Cylinder-dome combined shell, 102. Top seat, 103. Bottom seat, 104. First bearing, 105. Second bearing, 106. Center main shaft, 107. Counterweight, 201. First pendulum, 202. Second pendulum, 203. First return spring guide hole, 204. Second return spring guide hole, 205. Return spring, 206. First limiting device, 207. Second limiting device, 208. First pawl fixing structure, 209. Second pawl fixing structure, 210. First upper driving pawl, 211. First lower driving pawl, 212. Second upper driving pawl, 213. Second lower driving pawl, 214. Upper limiting pawl, 215. Lower limiting pawl, 216. Locking stop stepper motor, 217. Locking stop rack, 218. Upper fixed connecting rod, 219. Lower fixed connecting rod, 220. Double-gear fixed connecting rod, 221. Limiting-locking fixed connecting rod, 301. Upper spiral ratchet, 302. Lower spiral ratchet, 303. Upper conical gear, 304. Lower conical gear, 305. Horizontal double-gear, 306. Vertical double-gear, 307. Gear, 308. Generator. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The present application is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples.

[0032] The structures, proportions, sizes, etc. shown in the drawings of the present specification are merely used to cooperate with the content disclosed in the present specification, to be understood and read by those skilled in the art, and are not used to limit the defined conditions under which the present application can be implemented, and therefore do not have substantial technical significance. Any modification of the structure, change of the proportional relationship, or adjustment of the size, without affecting the effects that can be produced by the present application and the purposes that can be achieved, should still fall within the scope of the technical content disclosed by the present application. At the same time, the terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "middle", and "one" used in the present specification are merely for the convenience of clear description, and are not used to limit the scope in which the present application can be implemented, and the change or adjustment of the relative relationship, without substantially changing the technical content, is also considered as the scope in which the present application can be implemented.

[0033] As Figures 1-7 shown, the present example discloses a wave power generation device based on symmetric double pendulum and return spring, which is surrounded by a closed cylinder-dome combined shell 101, and the bottom of the shell is connected to the anchor piles on the seabed through an anchor chain (mooring not described in the drawing). There are four anchor piles, and each of the four anchor piles is connected to the bottom of the cylinder-dome combined shell 101 through an anchor chain. The cylinder-dome combined shell 101 is composed of an upper cylinder and a lower hollow dome body, and the outer diameter of the cylinder is the same as the outer diameter of the upper bottom of the hollow dome. It is hollow and closed, the shell thickness is uniform, and a metal material is used.

[0034] In the upper cylinder part of the cylinder-cone combination shell, a base 103 is installed at the intersection of the upper cylinder and the lower cone part, a top base 102 is installed near the top of the upper cylinder, the top base 102 has a gap with the inner top surface of the upper cylinder, the base 103 and the top base 102 are arranged in parallel, the gap between the top base and the inner top surface of the upper cylinder is in the center of the top base, a second bearing 105 is installed in the center of the base, a central main shaft 106 is installed in the middle of the top base and the base through the first bearing 104 and the second bearing 105, and a cylindrical counterweight 107 is installed at the bottom of the central main shaft 106.

[0035] In the middle part of the central main shaft 106, a double pendulum vibration system composed of a first pendulum 201 and a second pendulum 202 is symmetrically installed, and the movement planes of the two pendulums are in the same plane. The first pendulum 201 and the second pendulum 202 are each composed of a bearing around the central main shaft 106, a mass block, and a pendulum arm connecting the two. The first pendulum 201 and the second pendulum 202 are installed with a first return spring guide hole 203 and a second return spring guide hole 204 on the side close to the pendulum body, and the first return spring guide hole 203 and the second return spring guide hole 204 are connected with a return spring 205 respectively.

[0036] The return spring 205 is connected with a first limiting device 206 and a second limiting device 207, the first limiting device 206 is installed on the outside of a limiting-stopping fixed connecting rod 221, and the second limiting device 207 is installed on the outside of a double-gear fixed connecting rod 220. The two limiting devices and the two pendulums are crosswise located on the same circular ring.

[0037] The limiting-stopping fixed connecting rod 221 and the double-gear fixed connecting rod 220 are fixed on the central main shaft 106 through an upper fixed connecting rod 218 and a lower fixed connecting rod 219 respectively. The upper fixed connecting rod 218 and the lower fixed connecting rod 219 are located above and below the upper conical gear 303 and the lower conical gear 304 respectively; the upper fixed connecting rod 218, the lower fixed connecting rod 219, the limiting-stopping fixed connecting rod 221, and the double-gear fixed connecting rod 220 are connected to form a frame structure.

[0038] A stopping stepping motor 216 is fixed at the top end of the limiting-stopping fixed connecting rod 221, and a common gear is installed at the top end of the rotating shaft of the stopping stepping motor 216, which is engaged with a stopping moving rack 217 installed on the limiting-stopping fixed connecting rod 221 for moving left and right.

[0039] The upper and lower conical gearwheels 303, 304 are each composed of a cylinder that can rotate around the central spindle 101 and a conical gear structure fixed to the rear end of the cylinder.

[0040] The upper and lower conical gearwheels 303, 304 are each composed of a cylinder that can rotate around the central spindle 101 and a conical gear structure fixed to the rear end of the cylinder.

[0041] The first and second scroll ratchets 301, 302 are each composed of a ratchet wheel and a scroll spring. The ratchet wheel is hollow in the middle, and the hollow part is divided into two layers in space. The lower layer is symmetrically provided with eight connecting rods connected to a bearing, which is installed on the outside of the cylinder part of the conical gearwheel, so as to enable the ratchet wheel structure to rotate around the conical gearwheel. The upper layer is provided with a scroll spring, the other end of which is connected to the top outside of the cylinder part of the conical gearwheel. The scroll spring can be deformed by the relative rotation of the ratchet wheel and the conical gearwheel, but it will not rotate relative to the ratchet wheel or the conical gearwheel. There is no contact between the bearing and the scroll spring, and they do not interfere with each other.

[0042] The first and second scroll ratchets 301, 302 are each installed on the top end part of the upper and lower conical gearwheels 303, 304 by a bearing, and can rotate around the cylinder of the upper and lower conical gearwheels 303, 304. The scroll spring of the first and second scroll ratchets 301, 302 is connected to the top end of the cylinder of the upper and lower conical gearwheels 303, 304, so that the first and second scroll ratchets 301, 302 can drive the upper and lower conical gearwheels 303, 304 to rotate through the scroll spring.

[0043] The first and second single pendulums 201, 202 are each provided with a first pawl fixing structure 208 and a second pawl fixing structure 209 on the swing arm. The first upper driving pawl 210 and the first lower driving pawl 211 are respectively installed on the first pawl fixing structure 208, and the second upper driving pawl 212 and the second lower driving pawl 213 are respectively installed on the second pawl fixing structure 209.

[0044] The top of the limit-stop fixed connecting rod 221 is installed with a vertical limit-stop pawl fixing shaft, and the upper limit-stop pawl 214 and the lower limit-stop pawl 215 are installed on the upper and lower ends of the limit-stop pawl fixing shaft. The lock-stop stepper motor 216 and the lock-stop moving rack 217 are installed on the upper side of the limit-stop fixed connecting rod 221. The lock-stop stepper motor 216 is connected with the wave height sensor, which is built in the shell and transmits data to the control system in the shell, and the control system controls the lock-stop stepper motor. The gear at the top end of the rotating shaft of the lock-stop stepper motor 216 is engaged with the lock-stop moving rack 217 installed on the top of the limit-stop fixed connecting rod, and can drive the lock-stop moving rack 217 to lock the upper bevel gear 303.

[0045] The first upper driving pawl 210 and the second upper driving pawl 212 are installed on the single pendulum, and are both directed to the counterclockwise direction, which is adapted to the rotating direction of the upper spiral ratchet wheel 301. The upper limit-stop pawl 214 is in the same direction as the first and second upper driving pawls 210 and 212, so that the first and second upper driving pawls 210 and 212 are clamped to the upper spiral ratchet wheel 301 when they are not working, so that the upper spiral ratchet wheel 301 cannot rotate clockwise.

[0046] The first and second lower driving pawls 211 and 213 are directed to the opposite direction of the first and second upper driving pawls 210 and 212 and the upper limit-stop pawl 214, which is adapted to the rotating direction of the lower spiral ratchet wheel 302. The lower limit-stop pawl 215 is in the same direction as the first and second lower driving pawls 211 and 213, so that the first and second lower driving pawls 211 and 213 are clamped to the lower spiral ratchet wheel 302 when they are not working, so that the lower spiral ratchet wheel 302 cannot rotate.

[0047] A torque sensor is installed on the limit-stop pawl to detect the movement of the spiral spring ratchet wheel. The torque sensor sends data to the control system in the shell, calculates the movement angle of the spiral spring ratchet wheel, and when the set condition is reached, the bevel gear is locked, the spiral spring is energized, and when the ratchet structure rotates to the set angle, the energy storage reaches the threshold value of the spiral spring. At this time, the control system in the shell controls the step lock motor to release the bevel gear.

[0048] The horizontal double-gear fixed connecting rod 220 is installed with a horizontal double-gear 305 on the inside, and a vertical double-gear 306 is installed on the lower side of the double-gear fixed connecting rod 220. The large bevel gear on the inside of the horizontal double-gear 305 is engaged with the upper bevel gear 303 and the lower bevel gear 304, respectively. The small gear on the outside of the horizontal double-gear 305 is engaged with the bevel gear on the upper side of the vertical double-gear 306. The gear transmission system composed of the bevel gear, the horizontal double-gear 305 and the vertical double-gear 306 has gear teeth that gradually decrease in number, so that the rotating speed of the rotating shaft gradually increases, so that the generator can maintain a high speed to rotate and generate electricity.

[0049] Horizontal double gear 305 is fixed on double-gear fixed link 220 by bearing, which is composed of a larger bevel gear and a smaller bevel gear, the larger bevel gear is engaged with upper and lower bevel gears 303, 304 on central spindle 106, and the smaller bevel gear is engaged with vertical double gear 306.

[0050] Vertical double gear 306 is fixed on double-gear fixed link 220 by bearing, which is composed of a bevel gear and a spur gear, the bevel gear is engaged with the smaller bevel gear in horizontal double gear 305, and the spur gear is engaged with spur gear 307 on the top of the rotating shaft of generator 308.

[0051] Generator 308 is installed on the lower side of lower fixed link 219, the rotating shaft of generator 308 passes through the rotating hole on the lower side of double-gear fixed link 220, and gear 307 on the top of the rotating shaft of generator 308 is engaged with the gear on the lower end of vertical double gear 306.

[0052] The present example also discloses a wave power generation method based on symmetric double pendulums and return springs, using the above-mentioned power generation device, which comprises the following steps: The above-mentioned power generation device is placed on the sea surface, the bottom is connected to the anchor pile on the seabed by four anchor chains, under the action of waves on the sea surface, cylindrical-truncated cone combined shell 101 undergoes longitudinal oscillation, vertical oscillation and pitching, central spindle 106 moves with the outer shell and is not perpendicular to the horizontal plane, two symmetric first and second single pendulums 201, 202 fixed on central spindle 106 by first bearing 104 and second bearing 105 undergo forward and backward swinging under the double action of gravity and wave force.

[0053] With the periodic movement of the shell under the action of waves, when the two symmetric first and second single pendulums 201, 202 swing forward at the same time, the front return spring is compressed and the rear return spring is stretched, at the same time, the left first single pendulum 201 rotates the upper worm gear 301 counterclockwise through the first upper driving pawl 210, and the right second single pendulum 202 rotates the lower worm gear 302 clockwise through the second lower driving pawl 213.

[0054] When two symmetrical first pendulums 201 and second pendulums 202 swing back at the same time, the front reset springs are stretched, the rear reset springs are compressed, the left first pendulum 201 drives the lower vortex gear 302 to rotate counterclockwise through the first lower driving pawl 211, and the right second pendulum 202 drives the upper vortex gear 301 to rotate clockwise through the second upper driving pawl 212. When the pendulum swings to the maximum position and starts to swing in the opposite direction, the upper limit pawl 214 and the lower limit pawl 215 installed on the limit-locking fixed connecting rod 221 can limit the upper vortex gear 301 and the lower vortex gear 302 respectively, preventing them from rotating in the opposite direction, until the double pendulum is driven again to start rotating. In this way, the first pendulum 201 and the second pendulum 202 exchange the vortex gears acting on them at different motion phases, realizing the back-and-forth movement of the pendulum into the one-way rotation of the gear.

[0055] With the action of waves, the vortex gear continuously rotates to store the energy of waves, until the torque of the vortex spring applied to the upper and lower conical gears 303 and 304 is greater than the starting torque, the upper and lower conical gears 303 and 304 start to rotate, the upper vortex gear 301 drives the upper conical gear 303 to rotate counterclockwise, and the lower vortex gear 302 drives the lower conical gear 304 to rotate clockwise. The upper and lower conical gears 303 and 304 are engaged with the conical gears at the rear end of the horizontal double gear 305, the rotation of the upper and lower conical gears 303 and 304 is realized by the constraint of the conical gears at the rear end of the horizontal double gear 305 to rotate synchronously in the same direction, and finally drives the horizontal double gear 305 to rotate.

[0056] The horizontal double gear 305 is used to transmit the rotation of the horizontal shaft, at the end of the horizontal double gear 305, it is engaged with the vertical double gear 306, which converts the rotation around the horizontal shaft into the rotation around the vertical shaft, finally at the end of the vertical double gear 306 it is engaged with a horizontal axial gear 307, which is connected to the generator 308 through the rotating shaft, realizing the secondary adjustment of the direction of the rotating shaft transmission through the structure of the double gear, driving the generator 308 to rotate.

[0057] The above situation is that when the wave height is large, the double pendulum can realize continuous large energy capture input. When the wave height is small, the double pendulum swings small, and the driving generator 308 rotates at a very small speed and cannot generate electricity. The locking step motor 216 and the locking moving rack 217 are installed on the limit-stop fixed connecting rod 221. The locking step motor 216 is connected with the wave height detection instrument. In the case that the wave is not enough to cause the built-in device body to resonate, the locking step motor 216 is started to drive the locking moving rack 217 to lock the upper conical gear 303. Then the double pendulum continuously captures energy under the action of small wave height and stores it in the spiral spring. When the energy stored in the spiral spring is sufficient, the locking step motor 216 drives the locking moving rack 217 to release the upper conical gear 303. The energy stored in the spiral spring can drive the generator 308 to rotate until the energy of the spiral spring is insufficient to drive the upper conical gear 303. Then the step motor 216 is activated again to drive the locking moving rack 217 to lock the upper conical gear 303. Through the above process, the wave energy can be captured and output in the case that the wave is not enough to cause the built-in device body to resonate.

[0058] When the incoming wave direction is not perpendicular to the static balance position of the double pendulum under the constraint of the reset spring 205, the device cannot adapt to the wave direction, and cannot be in the optimal power generation position. At this time, since the static balance position of the double pendulum is not perpendicular to the wave direction, the double pendulum will not be in symmetric motion under the action of the wave, which will make the single pendulum with a larger included angle with the wave direction have a larger motion amplitude than the other single pendulum, thereby generating a larger torque, and acting on the limiting device through the reset spring 205, and then the limiting device drives the center main shaft 106 to rotate relative to the cylindrical-taillike combined shell 101 through the fixed connecting rod, and finally makes the double pendulum system fixed on the center main shaft 106 adapt to the incoming wave direction.

[0059] Although the specific embodiments of the present application are described above in combination with the drawings, it is not a limitation on the protection scope of the present application. Those skilled in the art should understand that various modifications or changes made by those skilled in the art on the basis of the technical solutions of the present application without creative labor are still within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A wave power generation device based on a symmetrical double pendulum and a return spring, characterized in that, The system includes a sealed housing, in which a horizontally arranged base and a top seat are fixedly installed in parallel. A rotatable central main shaft is installed through the center of the top seat and the center of the base. A double-oscillating vibration system consisting of two pendulums is symmetrically installed in the middle of the central main shaft. The double swing vibration system has bevel gears mounted on the central main shafts on the upper and lower sides respectively. A spiral spring ratchet is rotatably mounted on the shaft of the bevel gear. The spiral spring of the spiral spring ratchet is connected to the shaft and can drive the bevel gear to rotate. Two pendulum arms pass freely through a ring-shaped spring guide rod. A return spring is fitted onto the ring-shaped spring guide rod. One end of the return spring is connected to the pendulum arm, and the other end is connected to a limiting device that is fixedly connected to the ring-shaped spring guide rod. There are two limiting devices symmetrically arranged. One limiting device is installed on the outside of the limiting-locking fixed link, and the other limiting device is installed on the outside of the double-link fixed link. The limiting-locking fixed link and the double-link gear fixed link are fixed to the central main shaft by the upper fixed link and the lower fixed link, respectively. A generator is installed on the lower side of the lower fixed link, and a gear is installed at the end of the generator shaft. The inner side of the limiting-locking fixing link is equipped with a limiting pawl, and the upper side of the limiting-locking fixing link is equipped with a locking stepper motor and a locking moving rack that can lock and release the upper conical large gear. The end of the rotating shaft of the locking stepper motor is equipped with a gear that meshes with the locking moving rack. The inner and lower sides of the double-gear fixed connecting rod are respectively equipped with a horizontal double gear and a vertical double gear that mesh with each other. The horizontal double gear also meshes with a bevel gear, and the vertical double gear also meshes with a gear on the generator. The pendulum is equipped with a driving pawl, and both the driving pawl and the limiting pawl are matched with the spiral spring ratchet.

2. The wave power generation device based on a symmetrical double pendulum and a return spring as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom of the shell is connected to the anchor pile on the seabed by an anchor chain; the shell is a hollow and closed combined rotating body composed of an upper cylinder and a lower truncated cone, and the outer diameter of the upper cylinder is the same as the outer diameter of the bottom of the lower truncated cone.

3. The wave power generation device based on a symmetrical double pendulum and a return spring as described in claim 1, characterized in that, A fixed base is installed inside the junction of the upper cylinder and the lower truncated cone. A top seat is installed inside the upper cylinder near the top, and there is a gap between the top seat and the inner top surface of the upper cylinder. A bearing is installed at the center of the top seat and the base. The central spindle passes through the bearing at the center of the top seat and the base, and a counterweight is installed at the lower end of the central bearing.

4. The wave power generation device based on a symmetrical double pendulum and a return spring as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The pendulum includes a bearing for mounting on a central spindle, the bearing being connected to a mass block via a pendulum arm; the motion planes of the two pendulums are on the same plane; a pawl fixing structure is mounted on the pendulum arm, and drive pawls matching the spiral spring ratchet are respectively mounted on the upper and lower surfaces of the pawl fixing structure.

5. The wave power generation device based on a symmetrical double pendulum and a return spring as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The ratchet spring includes a rotatable ratchet and a spiral spring. The ratchet is open in the middle, and the open part is divided into upper and lower layers in space. The lower layer has eight symmetrical connecting rods that connect to a bearing. The bearing is installed on the outside of the cylindrical part of the conical gear, which allows the ratchet structure to rotate around the conical gear. The upper layer is equipped with a spiral spring, the other end of which is connected to the top outside of the cylindrical part of the conical gear. The spiral spring can be deformed by the relative rotation of the ratchet and the conical gear, but it will not rotate relative to the ratchet or the conical gear itself. There is no contact between the bearing and the spiral spring, and they do not interfere with each other.

6. The wave power generation device based on a symmetrical double pendulum and a return spring as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Two limiting devices and two pendulums are arranged in a cross shape on the same ring; the limiting devices are equipped with annular spring guide rods, which pass through the pendulum arms, allowing the pendulum arms to move along the annular spring guide rods; the limiting devices are equipped with return springs, which pass through the annular spring guide rods and are connected to the spring guide rings on the pendulum arms.

7. The wave power generation device based on a symmetrical double pendulum and a return spring as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The upper fixed link and the lower fixed link are respectively located above and below the upper conical large gear and the lower conical large gear; the upper fixed link, the lower fixed link, the limit-locking fixed link and the double-gear fixed link are connected to form a frame structure.

8. The wave power generation device based on a symmetrical double pendulum and a return spring as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The stepper motor is locked and connected to the wave height sensor; the generator shaft passes through the rotating hole on the lower side of the double-gear fixed connecting rod; a torque sensor that detects the movement of the spiral spring ratchet is installed on the limit pawl. The torque sensor sends data to the control system inside the housing to calculate the movement angle of the spiral spring ratchet. When the set conditions are met, the conical large gear is locked, and the spiral spring will store energy. After the ratchet structure rotates to the set angle, the energy storage reaches the threshold of the spiral spring. At this time, the control system inside the housing controls the stepper motor to release the conical large gear.

9. The wave power generation device based on a symmetrical double pendulum and a return spring as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The gear transmission structure, composed of the bevel gear, the horizontal double gear, and the vertical double gear, has a progressively decreasing number of teeth, which increases the rotational speed of the shaft step by step, allowing the generator to maintain high-speed rotation and generate electricity.

10. A method for generating electricity using a wave power generation device based on a symmetrical double pendulum and a return spring, characterized in that, include: (1) The power generation device is placed on the sea surface by mooring. Under the action of the waves, the power generation device will sway and roll, the central main axis will move and it will no longer be perpendicular to the horizontal plane. The symmetrical double pendulum will swing under the dual action of gravity and wave force, thereby driving the pendulum arm to swing. It is restricted by the return spring and swings back and forth periodically with the waves. (2) When the double pendulum swings backward, the left pendulum arm drives the lower spiral spring ratchet to rotate through the lower drive pawl, and the right pendulum arm drives the upper spiral spring ratchet to rotate through the upper drive pawl. When the double pendulum swings forward, the situation is the opposite of the above. The left pendulum arm drives the upper spiral spring ratchet to rotate through the upper drive pawl, and the right pendulum arm drives the lower spiral spring ratchet to rotate through the lower drive pawl. When the spiral spring ratchet is in the action of the double pendulum switching, the limiting pawl installed on the limiting-locking fixed link limits the spiral spring ratchet, so that the spiral spring ratchet will not be affected by the spiral spring and rotate. Under the combined action of the drive pawl and the limiting pawl, the ratchet structure can always rotate in one direction during the back and forth swing of the double pendulum. The back and forth swing of the double pendulum arm drives the ratchet to rotate in a direction, so that the spiral spring stores energy. When the torque of the spiral spring is greater than the starting torque, the upper and lower spiral springs drive the upper and lower conical large gears to rotate respectively. (3) The bevel gear meshes with the horizontal double bevel gear and drives the horizontal double gear to rotate. The horizontal double gear meshes with the vertical double gear and drives the vertical double gear to rotate. Finally, the vertical double gear meshes with the gear at the top of the generator shaft and drives the motor to generate electricity. (4) When the waves are insufficient to cause the main body of the built-in device to resonate, the energy input within one cycle of the double pendulum swing cannot drive the generator to reach the generating speed. The start-stop stepper motor drives the lock-stop moving rack through the top gear of the rotating shaft, thereby constraining the movement of the upper conical gear, so that the spiral spring can store energy. By monitoring the torque sensor, when the torque generated by the spiral spring reaches a certain range, the upper conical gear is released through the lock-stop stepper motor to release the energy stored in the spiral spring. After the energy is released, the upper conical gear is constrained again to achieve intermittent energy storage and power generation when the waves are insufficient to cause the main body of the built-in device to resonate. (5) When the wave direction is perpendicular to the static equilibrium position of the double pendulum, the counterweight under the central spindle increases the moment of inertia. The moment of inertia prevents the entire rotatable built-in device from moving asymmetrically due to the asymmetrical force on the double pendulum at a certain moment. When the wave direction is no longer perpendicular to the static equilibrium position of the double pendulum, the double pendulum no longer moves symmetrically. The single pendulum with a larger angle to the wave direction will move more than the single pendulum with a smaller angle to the wave direction, thus generating a greater thrust on the return spring. The thrust acts on the limiting device connected to the central spindle, thereby generating a torque that pushes the central spindle to rotate, causing the entire device mounted on the central spindle to rotate relative to the shell, so that the static equilibrium position of the double pendulum is perpendicular to the wave direction again, realizing wave direction self-adaptation.

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