High-specific-energy solid hydrogen standby power supply
By integrating components such as aluminum-based hydrogen storage cylinders, heating rods, and electrical control systems into a solid hydrogen backup power supply, a modular and integrated layout is achieved, solving the problem of low system integration, improving the stability and portability of power output, and constructing a highly efficient collaborative power generation system.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202511673039.4
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-11-14
- Publication Date
- 2026-02-13
AI Technical Summary
Existing aluminum-based solid-state hydrogen storage energy systems have low integration, resulting in poor portability, slow dynamic response, unstable output voltage, lack of full-cycle multi-level active protection, and low energy storage unit efficiency.
A high-energy-density solid hydrogen backup power supply was designed. By integrating components such as an aluminum-based solid hydrogen storage cylinder, heating rod, fixed-discharge solenoid valve, main control board, proton exchange membrane fuel cell, semi-solid lithium battery and three-way gas-water separator into the box, a modular integrated layout is achieved. The hydrogen production and water-gas circulation are precisely controlled by the electronic control system to build an efficient and collaborative power generation system.
It improves the system's integration and portability, ensures the stability and dynamic response of power output, achieves efficient power management and safety monitoring, and enhances the system's reliability and portability.
Smart Images
Figure CN121520523A_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of energy storage, in particular to a high specific energy solid hydrogen backup power supply. BACKGROUND
[0002] The solid hydrogen backup power supply realizes safe and stable storage of hydrogen through solid-state hydrogen storage materials (such as high specific energy aluminum-based alloy), and combines with high-efficiency fuel cell power generation technology to provide zero-carbon, long-time and high-reliability emergency power guarantee for key infrastructure (such as data center, communication base station, medical facility) and extreme environment scene (such as power grid interruption, disaster rescue). Its significance lies in breaking through the bottleneck of high pollution of traditional diesel generators and limited time length of lithium battery energy storage, using the high energy density and clean characteristics of hydrogen energy to build an integrated energy resilience system of "storage, supply and use", and seamlessly connecting renewable energy hydrogen production with terminal energy use, promoting the transformation of backup energy to zero emission, and becoming a key support for safe and stable operation of new power system.
[0003] The prior art has the following disadvantages: At present, the energy technology based on aluminum-based solid-state hydrogen storage has low system integration in actual application, and various functional modules (such as hydrogen storage tank, control panel and fuel cell) are independent components connected through external pipelines, which not only increases the volume and weight of the system, reduces the portability, and many connection points are potential leakage and failure risk sources. The energy output quality needs to be optimized, especially in the system using proton exchange membrane fuel cell, which often lacks efficient built-in energy storage units as power buffer. This leads to slow dynamic response of the system when dealing with sudden load increase, unstable output voltage, and difficulty in meeting the power demand of precision electronic equipment. In addition, in the safety design, many existing schemes focus on passive protection or single emergency pressure relief, and lack a full-cycle, multi-level active protection system from sensing and monitoring, regular fine-tuning to emergency disposal SUMMARY In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present application provides a high specific energy solid hydrogen backup power supply, which solves the problem of poor universality caused by low integration.
[0004] To achieve the above purpose, the present application provides the following technical scheme: a high specific energy solid hydrogen backup power supply, comprising a box body and a flip cover for protecting the internal structure of the box body, an aluminum-based solid-state hydrogen storage bottle for containing special pressure-cast annular pie-shaped aluminum-based hydrogen storage material is arranged in the box body, a plurality of groups of heating rods for intermittent heating to make the material reach the enthalpy change hydrogen release temperature and trigger stable hydrogen release reaction are integrated at the bottom of the aluminum-based solid-state hydrogen storage bottle, and a constant-displacement electromagnetic valve for fine control of pressure is arranged at the node of the hydrogen gas passage.
[0005] A main control panel for realizing high integration of electric control is arranged in the box body.
[0006] The box above the main control board is internally equipped with a proton exchange membrane fuel cell.
[0007] In some embodiments, the aluminum-based solid-state hydrogen storage bottle is internally provided with a flow guide plate and a central water injection hole for realizing uniform diffusion of water and ensuring step-by-step hydration reaction, a hydrogen outlet valve arranged at the top of the aluminum-based solid-state hydrogen storage bottle, and a residual water recovery groove arranged at the bottom of the aluminum-based solid-state hydrogen storage bottle.
[0008] In some embodiments, the heating rod is externally provided with a base for fixing the position of the heating rod, and the heating rod is embeddedly arranged to tightly contact the aluminum-based solid-state hydrogen storage bottle.
[0009] In some embodiments, a side of the main control board is provided with a semi-solid lithium battery for storing excess electric energy of the fuel cell and realizing intelligent charge and discharge management through line connection with the main control board.
[0010] In some embodiments, a side end of the aluminum-based solid-state hydrogen storage bottle is provided with a three-way water separation tank for realizing hydrogen-water efficient separation cycle.
[0011] In some embodiments, a side of the main control board is provided with a semi-solid lithium battery for storing excess electric energy of the fuel cell and realizing intelligent charge and discharge management through line connection with the main control board.
[0012] In some embodiments, a side end of the main control board is provided with a three-way water separation tank for realizing hydrogen-water efficient separation cycle.
[0013] Compared with the prior art, the application provides a high specific energy solid hydrogen backup power supply, which has the following beneficial effects: A high specific energy solid hydrogen backup power supply, an operator starts the device by operating an indication button and an indication light. The main control board of the electric control system then issues an instruction to start the heating assembly in the aluminum-based solid-state hydrogen storage system to initially heat the special cake-shaped hydrogen storage material to start the reaction. Subsequently, the system enters the initial stable hydrogen release and power generation stage, the hydrogen released by the material enters the proton exchange membrane fuel cell of the power generation system to generate electricity, and the electrical energy can be directly used or stored in the semi-solid lithium battery. When the hydrogen release amount reaches the preset threshold, heating stops, and the device transitions to the hydration reaction intervention and secondary on-demand hydrogen production stage. At this time, the electric control system starts the water and system according to the demand, and the electric control water pump pumps water from the water tank, the water flows through the guide structure inside the hydrogen storage bottle to uniformly wet the remaining material, and hydrogen is continuously generated, and the gas-water mixture is separated and circulated in the three-way air-water separation tank. In the entire continuous power generation and dynamic power regulation stage, the fuel cell in the power generation system and the built-in battery work together to ensure the stability of the power output. Throughout the entire process, the system safety monitoring and emergency management stage, the electric control system realizes real-time monitoring and intelligent adjustment of the system pressure through the sensor network and electromagnetic valve group, and ensures the safety of operation; Through the above settings and processes, through the design of the two-stage on-demand hydrogen production mechanism and the precise control of the electric control system of the aluminum-based solid-state hydrogen storage system, the heating and water injection of the water and system, precise management of the hydrogen production process is realized. The second is embodied in the highly integrated module design, which integrates the aluminum-based solid-state hydrogen storage system, the electric control system, the power generation system and the water and system, significantly improving the reliability and portability of the whole machine. The third is the precise water and gas management and circulation system, which realizes the internal efficient use of water resources. The fourth is to build an efficient collaborative composite power generation system, the deep coupling of fuel cells and semi-solid batteries provides excellent dynamic response capability and power quality. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0014] Figure 1 The figure is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the invention; Figure 2 The figure is a schematic diagram of the side end structure of the invention; Figure 3 The figure is a schematic diagram of the connection position and overall structure of the three-way air-water separation tank of the invention; Figure 4 The figure is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the box body and the installation position of the aluminum-based solid-state hydrogen storage bottle of the invention.
[0015] In the figure: 1, aluminum-based solid-state hydrogen storage bottle; 2, heating rod; 3, main control board; 4, fixed electromagnetic valve; 5, proton exchange membrane fuel cell; 6, semi-solid lithium battery; 7, three-way air-water separation tank; 8, water tank; 9, electric control water pump; 10, box body; 11, flip cover. Detailed Implementation
[0016] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0017] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper," "lower," "inner," "outer," "front end," "rear end," "both ends," "one end," and "the other end," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
[0018] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installed," "equipped with," "connected," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, "connection" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can be a connection within two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.
[0019] Please see Figures 1-4 In this embodiment, a high-energy-density solid hydrogen backup power supply includes a housing 10 and a flip-top 11 for protecting the internal structure of the housing 10. Inside the housing 10, an aluminum-based solid hydrogen storage bottle 1 is installed to accommodate a specially die-cast annular disc-shaped aluminum-based hydrogen storage material (aluminum trihydride). At the bottom of the aluminum-based solid hydrogen storage bottle 1, several sets of heating rods 2 are integrated for intermittent heating to bring the material to the enthalpy change hydrogen release temperature (approximately 150-200°C), thereby triggering a stable hydrogen release reaction. At the nodes of the hydrogen passage, a fixed-discharge solenoid valve 4 is installed for precise pressure control. Thus, through precise electronic control of the heating and water injection of the aluminum-based solid hydrogen storage structure, precise management of hydrogen production is achieved. By integrating different systems into a unified layout, portability and reliability are improved, thereby meeting the application scenarios with extremely high power quality requirements.
[0020] The aluminum-based solid-state hydrogen storage bottle 1 is internally provided with a flow guide plate and a central water injection hole, so as to realize uniform diffusion of water and ensure step-by-step hydration reaction. A hydrogen discharge valve is arranged at the top, and a residual water recovery groove is arranged at the bottom, which are respectively used for safely discharging hydrogen and preventing water blockage. The external insulation layer of the bottle body has the dual functions of preventing scalding and accelerating initial hydrogen release.
[0021] A base for fixing the position of the heating rod 2 is arranged outside the heating rod 2. The heating rod 2 is embeddedly arranged, and the arrangement helps the heating rod 2 to tightly adhere to the aluminum-based solid-state hydrogen storage bottle 1.
[0022] In order to realize accurate control of the operation of the fixed-displacement electromagnetic valve 4 and the heating rod 2, a main control panel 3 for realizing high-integration electric control is arranged inside the box body 10.
[0023] The main control panel 3 and the fixed-displacement electromagnetic valve 4 constitute an electric control system, and the specific operation steps are as follows: The operator starts the equipment by operating the indication button and the indication lamp. The main control panel 3 of the electric control system immediately issues an instruction to start the heating rod 2 at the bottom of the aluminum-based solid-state hydrogen storage bottle 1, so as to initially heat the special cake-shaped aluminum-based hydrogen storage material and make it reach the required “enthalpy change hydrogen release temperature”. Thereafter, the system enters an intermittent heating mode to maintain the material in the best reaction state with the lowest energy consumption.
[0024] The core of power generation is energy conversion, and the key is that hydrogen in the aluminum-based solid-state hydrogen storage bottle 1 and oxygen in the air are converted into electric energy through an electrochemical reaction. In order to realize this purpose, a proton exchange membrane fuel cell 5 is detachably assembled inside the box body 10 above the main control panel 3 through a bolt, and the proton exchange membrane fuel cell 5 is used as a core element for hydrogen and oxygen reaction to realize conversion of electric energy.
[0025] A semi-solid lithium battery 6 is arranged at the side of the main control panel 3, which is used to store surplus electric energy of the fuel cell and realizes intelligent charge and discharge management through connection with the main control panel 3, so as to prolong the continuous power supply time of the system.
[0026] The semi-solid lithium battery 6 and the proton exchange membrane fuel cell 5 jointly constitute a power generation system, and the specific operation steps are as follows: After the hydrogen storage material reaches the predetermined temperature, it starts to stably release high-purity hydrogen. The released hydrogen enters the proton exchange membrane fuel cell 5 of the power generation system through the top valve and the fixed-displacement electromagnetic valve 4 of the electric control system to generate electricity. The generated electric energy can be directly output or stored in the semi-solid lithium battery 6 of the power generation system for standby. The main control panel 3 monitors the hydrogen release amount in real time, and when the system judges that the hydrogen release amount reaches about 90% of the total hydrogen storage amount, the heating is completely stopped to prepare for the next stage.
[0027] A three-way gas-water separation tank 7 for realizing hydrogen-water efficient separation cycle is arranged at the side end of the aluminum-based solid hydrogen storage bottle 1, a water tank 8 for storing deionized water and receiving the backflow water of the three-way gas-water separation tank 7 is arranged above the main control panel 3, and an electrically controlled water pump 9 is arranged at the side end of the water tank 8 to control the water in the water tank 8 to be sent into the central water injection hole in the aluminum-based solid hydrogen storage bottle 1, so as to avoid overheating of the reaction; The water and system is constructed by the cooperation of the three-way gas-water separation tank 7, the water tank 8 and the electrically controlled water pump 9, so that the system has good separation efficiency, water flow circulation ability and lightweight characteristics, and the reaction efficiency can be effectively improved, the reaction rate can be controlled, and the system stability and integration can be enhanced.
[0028] The specific operation steps of the water and system are as follows: When the initial hydrogen release by heating is completed, the water and system is started according to the real-time load demand. The electrically controlled water pump 9 extracts deionized water from the water tank 8 and precisely injects it into the aluminum-based solid hydrogen storage bottle 1 through the central water injection hole. The water flow uniformly diffuses through the internal annular flow guide plate and occurs secondary hydration reaction with the remaining hydrogen storage material, so as to continuously and stably produce hydrogen. The mixed gas carrying water vapor after the reaction enters the three-way gas-water separation tank 7 and is subjected to efficient gas-water separation and purification. The dry hydrogen is sent to the fuel cell, and the separated water droplets are naturally backflowed to the water tank 8 by gravity, forming an efficient internal closed-loop water circulation. This arrangement can greatly improve the utilization rate of water resources.
[0029] In the present embodiment, during the system initialization and preheating stage, the operator starts the device by operating the indication button and the indication light. The main control panel 3 of the electric control system immediately issues an instruction to start the heating assembly in the aluminum-based solid hydrogen storage system to initially heat the special cake-shaped hydrogen storage material to start the reaction. Subsequently, the system enters the initial stable hydrogen release and power generation stage. The hydrogen released by the material enters the proton exchange membrane fuel cell 5 of the power generation system to generate electricity. The electric energy can be directly used or stored in the semi-solid lithium battery 6. When the hydrogen release amount reaches the preset threshold (about 90% of the total hydrogen storage amount), the heating stops, and the device transitions to the hydration reaction intervention and secondary on-demand hydrogen production stage. At this time, the electric control system starts the water and system according to the demand. The electrically controlled water pump 9 pumps water from the water tank 8. The water flow uniformly wets the remaining material through the flow guide structure inside the hydrogen storage bottle, continuously produces hydrogen, and the gas-water mixture is subjected to efficient separation and circulation in the three-way gas-water separation tank 7. During the entire continuous power generation and dynamic power adjustment stage, the fuel cell in the power generation system and the built-in battery work cooperatively to ensure the stability of the power output. Throughout the entire process, the system safety monitoring and emergency management stage is implemented. The electric control system realizes real-time monitoring and intelligent adjustment of the system pressure through the sensor network and the electromagnetic valve group, so as to ensure the operation safety.
[0030] It should be pointed out finally that the above only describes the preferred embodiments of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent replacements to some technical features. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.
Claims
1. A high-energy-density solid hydrogen backup power supply, comprising a housing (10) and a flip cover (11) for protecting the internal structure of the housing (10), characterized in that: The box (10) is equipped with an aluminum-based solid hydrogen storage bottle (1) for accommodating a special die-cast annular disc-shaped aluminum-based hydrogen storage material. The bottom of the aluminum-based solid hydrogen storage bottle (1) is integrated with several sets of heating rods (2) for intermittent heating to make the material reach the enthalpy change hydrogen release temperature and thereby trigger a stable hydrogen release reaction. A fixed discharge solenoid valve (4) for fine control of pressure is set at the node of the hydrogen passage. The housing (10) is equipped with a main control board (3) for achieving highly integrated electronic control. A proton exchange membrane fuel cell (5) is assembled inside the box (10) above the main control board (3).
2. The high-energy-density solid hydrogen backup power supply according to claim 1, characterized in that: The aluminum-based solid hydrogen storage bottle (1) is equipped with a guide plate and a central water injection hole to achieve uniform water diffusion and ensure the step-by-step hydration reaction. The aluminum-based solid hydrogen storage bottle (1) is also equipped with a hydrogen outlet valve at the top and a residual water recovery tank at the bottom.
3. The high-energy-density solid hydrogen backup power supply according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heating rod (2) is provided with a base on the outside for fixing its position. The heating rod (2) is installed in an embedded manner so as to be in close contact with the aluminum-based solid hydrogen storage bottle (1).
4. A high-energy-density solid hydrogen backup power supply according to claim 1, characterized in that: A semi-solid lithium battery (6) is provided on the side of the main control board (3) for storing the excess electrical energy of the fuel cell and for intelligent charging and discharging management through a line connection with the main control board (3).
5. A high-energy-density solid hydrogen backup power supply according to claim 1, characterized in that: The aluminum-based solid hydrogen storage cylinder (1) is provided with a three-way gas-water separator (7) at the side end for realizing efficient hydrogen-water separation and circulation.
6. A high-energy-density solid hydrogen backup power supply according to claim 5, characterized in that: A water tank (8) is provided above the main control board (3) for storing deionized water and receiving the return water from the three-way air-water separator (7).
7. A high-energy-density solid hydrogen backup power supply according to claim 6, characterized in that: An electrically controlled water pump (9) is installed on the side of the water tank (8) to control the water in the water tank (8) to be sent into the central water injection hole inside the aluminum-based solid hydrogen storage bottle (1).