System and method for judging grouting completion state of bead type karst cave cloth bag

Abstract

A system for judging the grouting completion state of a string-bead-type karst cave cloth bag comprises a main control system, a grouting device, a monitoring device and a warning system, and the main control system is used for receiving signals fed back by the monitoring device, processing the signals and sending corresponding instructions to the grouting device and the warning system; the method for judging the grouting completion state of the bead type karst cave cloth bag by the system comprises the following steps: step 1, monitoring the pressure in the cloth bag; 2, monitoring the filling degree of the slurry in the cloth bag; step 3, monitoring the uniformity of the slurry in the cloth bag; by integrating the ultrasonic monitoring device and the pressure sensor, the system can synchronously obtain double physical parameters of liquid level height and segmented pressure in the cloth bag. The main control system carries out fusion processing on multi-source information, the limitation of singly depending on experience criteria of the grouting amount, apparent grout overflow or a pressure threshold value is effectively overcome, and accurate and objective judgment of the grouting fullness and the completion state is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of geotechnical engineering and underground engineering grouting reinforcement technology, specifically to a system and method for determining the completion status of bag grouting in beaded karst caves. Background Technology

[0002] Bag grouting is a common technique for foundation treatment, post-grouting of pile foundations, and tunnel support. It involves injecting grout into pre-embedded bags, where the bags confine the grout, causing it to expand, penetrate, and solidify in specific areas, thereby reinforcing the soil and filling voids. Precise control of the grouting process, especially the accurate determination of the grouting completion status, directly affects the quality, cost, and safety of the project.

[0003] Currently, in traditional baghouse grouting operations, the determination of grouting completion mainly relies on the operator's on-site experience. The conventional approach involves observing whether the cumulative grouting volume of the grouting pump has reached the theoretical estimate, checking for surface grout overflow at the grouting orifice or around the bag, and monitoring whether the grouting pressure gauge reading reaches a preset threshold or experiences a sudden increase. However, this method, relying on manual experience, has significant drawbacks: First, it is inefficient, requiring constant monitoring and the judgment process is highly subjective; second, it lacks accuracy, as surface grout overflow may be a false overflow of grout along weak channels, resulting in the bag not being fully filled, and the grouting volume alone cannot reflect the actual distribution of the grout; finally, it lacks safety, as a sudden pressure increase may be a sign of internal blockage, and treating it only as a completion signal may delay handling of abnormal situations, potentially leading to safety accidents such as pipeline rupture or soil disturbance.

[0004] To improve automation, some improvements have emerged in existing technologies, such as using a single electronic pressure sensor to replace mechanical pressure gauges for monitoring. While this achieves electronic pressure recording, it still has significant limitations. The core issue lies in the lack of comprehensive perception and analysis of multi-dimensional information about the grouting process. A single pressure parameter cannot effectively characterize the three-dimensional distribution of grout within the filter bag, the flow front advancement process, and the degree of filling. Therefore, it is difficult to distinguish between pressure increases caused by normal filling and pressure anomalies caused by abnormal conditions such as filter bag twisting or local blockage, and it still cannot achieve accurate and reliable determination of grouting completion.

[0005] In summary, existing technologies cannot meet the engineering requirements for scientific, accurate, and real-time assessment of the completion status of bag grouting. This leads to problems such as large fluctuations in grouting quality, significant material waste, and high potential safety risks. Therefore, there is an urgent need in this field for a novel assessment method and system that integrates multi-parameter sensing and possesses intelligent analysis capabilities to fundamentally improve the reliability, economy, and safety of bag grouting operations. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a system for determining the completion status of bag grouting in beaded karst caves, and a method for determining the completion status of grouting using the above system.

[0007] The technical solution adopted to solve the above technical problems is: a system for determining the completion status of bag grouting in beaded karst caves, including a main control system, a grouting device, a monitoring device, and an alarm system. The main control system is used to receive signals fed back by the monitoring device, process the signals, and issue corresponding instructions to the grouting device and the alarm system.

[0008] The grouting device includes a cloth bag, which is placed inside a beaded karst cave. One end of the grouting pipe is placed inside the cloth bag, and the other end is located outside the cloth bag and connected to an external grouting machine through a pipe. The part of the grouting pipe inside the cloth bag is machined with grouting holes. The main control system issues a command, and the external grouting machine performs the action of starting / stopping grouting.

[0009] The monitoring device includes an ultrasonic monitoring device and a pressure sensor. The ultrasonic monitoring device monitors the liquid level inside the bag and transmits the signal to the main control system. The pressure sensor monitors the segmented pressure inside the bag and transmits the signal to the main control system.

[0010] The warning system receives instructions from the main control system and executes corresponding warning actions.

[0011] The pressure sensors of the present invention are provided in several groups, which are evenly distributed on the outer circumferential surface of the grouting pipe inside the cloth bag.

[0012] The warning system of the present invention includes one or more combinations of audible and visual alarms, system interface prompts, or remote communication.

[0013] The ultrasonic monitoring device of the present invention includes an ultrasonic level gauge disposed on the grouting pipe and located at the top of the inside of the cloth bag.

[0014] The pressure sensor of the present invention is provided in 8 groups, which are evenly distributed in the vertical direction on the outer peripheral surface of the grouting pipe inside the bag, and adjacent groups of pressure sensors are staggered.

[0015] The method for determining the completion status of bag grouting in beaded karst caves using the above system includes the following steps:

[0016] Step 1, Pressure monitoring inside the grouting bag: Eight sets of pressure sensors are evenly distributed and staggered in the vertical direction of the grouting pipe and numbered 1-8. The pressure sensors monitor the pressure changes inside the grouting bag in real time during the grouting process and transmit the pressure change signal to the main control system. The main control system determines whether to continue grouting based on the pressure change signal.

[0017] Step 2, monitoring the filling degree of grout inside the bag: The ultrasonic level gauge monitors the liquid level of the grout inside the bag in real time during the grouting process and transmits the signal to the main control system. The main control system determines whether the grout is completely filled inside the bag based on the received signal. If it is completely filled, the main control system issues a stop grouting command and sends a completion signal to the warning system, and the external grouting machine automatically stops grouting.

[0018] Step 3: Monitoring the uniformity of slurry in the bag: After the slurry in the bag is completely filled, the main control system determines whether the slurry in the bag is filled evenly based on the signals received from the pressure sensor and the ultrasonic monitoring device. If the filling is uniform, the main control system transmits the signal to the warning system, and the operator controls the grouting pipe to move upward and start grouting the next karst cave. If the filling is not uniform, vibration is performed until it is uniform.

[0019] In step 1 of this invention, the theoretical time for each group of pressure sensors to begin displaying pressure values ​​is... for:

[0020]

[0021] in: The pressure sensor number is an integer between 1 and 8. For the first The volume from the height of the pressure sensor group to the bottom of the pile can be determined by ground-penetrating radar measurement. Grouting speed;

[0022] From the start of grouting timing, the grouting time reaches... +20% If the corresponding pressure sensor interface in the main control system starts to display a value, it confirms that the grouting height has reached the position of the corresponding pressure sensor. At the same time, if the value continues to increase after the first group of pressure sensors starts to display a value, it can be determined that grouting is continuous.

[0023] In step 2 of this invention, determining whether the slurry has completely filled the inside of the bag requires simultaneously meeting the liquid level height requirement. The rate at which the liquid surface floats up and down Pressure volatility .

[0024] The liquid level height of the present invention for:

[0025]

[0026] Among them, v sound Let Δt be the speed of sound, and Δt be the time difference between the ultrasonic level gauge 4 emitting and retracting the ultrasonic wave.

[0027] The rate v of the liquid surface floating up and down μ for:

[0028]

[0029] in, Take 180s. They are respectively The highest and lowest liquid levels within the time period;

[0030] The pressure fluctuation rate for:

[0031]

[0032] in, For the i-th group of pressure sensors in The maximum and minimum pressure values ​​within the time period. Set the time to 180 seconds.

[0033] In step 3 of this invention, the slurry uniformity must meet the following conditions:

[0034]

[0035] Maximum gradient value for:

[0036]

[0037] Axial pressure gradient for:

[0038]

[0039] Standardized standard deviation for:

[0040]

[0041] in: for Time of the first The pressure value of the pressure sensor group, where L is the distance between two adjacent pressure sensor groups. for The average value of all pressure sensors at any given time. , This is the default value.

[0042] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0043] 1. This invention achieves precise and intelligent judgment of the grouting process: By integrating an ultrasonic monitoring device and a pressure sensor, the system can simultaneously acquire dual physical parameters, namely the liquid level height and segmented pressure inside the filter bag. The main control system fuses and processes multi-source information, effectively overcoming the limitations of relying solely on empirical criteria such as grouting volume, apparent overflow, or pressure thresholds, and achieving precise and objective judgment of grouting fullness and completion status.

[0044] 2. This invention improves the quality and reliability of grouting operations: Ultrasonic monitoring can reflect the distribution and filling process of grout in the bag in real time, ensuring that the grout fully fills each cavity of the beaded karst cave, avoiding filling blind spots caused by "false overflow" or uneven grout distribution, thereby significantly improving the quality uniformity and overall reliability of foundation reinforcement or support projects.

[0045] 3. This invention improves construction efficiency and economy: Automated monitoring and judgment reduce the need for continuous manual supervision, lowering labor intensity and the probability of human error. Precise completion status judgment avoids excessive grout consumption or secondary grouting caused by insufficient grouting, saving material costs, shortening the construction period, and improving overall construction efficiency and economy. Attached Figure Description

[0046] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.

[0047] Figure 2 This is a flowchart of the grouting completion status determination process using the system of the present invention.

[0048] In the diagram: 1. Grouting pipe; 1-1. Grouting hole; 2. Cloth bag; 3. Cave; 4. Ultrasonic level gauge; 5. Pressure sensor. Detailed Implementation

[0049] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.

[0050] Example 1

[0051] exist Figure 1 The present invention relates to a system for determining the completion status of bag grouting in beaded karst caves, comprising a main control system, a grouting device, a monitoring device, and an alarm system. The main control system is used to receive signals from the monitoring device, process the signals, and issue corresponding instructions to the grouting device and the alarm system.

[0052] The grouting device includes a cloth bag 2, which is set inside a beaded karst cave 3. One end of the grouting pipe 1 is set inside the cloth bag 2, and the other end is located outside the cloth bag 2 and connected to an external grouting machine through a pipe. The part of the grouting pipe 1 located inside the cloth bag 2 is machined with grouting holes 1-1. The main control system issues a command, and the external grouting machine performs the action of starting / stopping grouting.

[0053] The monitoring device includes an ultrasonic monitoring device and a pressure sensor 5. The ultrasonic monitoring device monitors the liquid level inside the bag 2 and transmits the signal to the main control system. The pressure sensor 5 monitors the segmented pressure inside the bag and transmits the signal to the main control system. Several groups of pressure sensors 5 are evenly distributed on the outer circumferential surface of the grouting pipe 1 inside the bag 2. In this embodiment, eight groups of pressure sensors 5 are evenly distributed vertically on the outer circumferential surface of the grouting pipe 1 inside the bag 2, with adjacent groups of pressure sensors 5 staggered. The ultrasonic monitoring device includes an ultrasonic level gauge 4 installed on the grouting pipe 1 and located at the top inside the bag 2.

[0054] The warning system receives instructions from the main control system and executes corresponding warning actions. Specifically, the warning system includes one or more combinations of audible and visual alarms, system interface prompts, or remote communication.

[0055] The method for determining the completion status of bag grouting in beaded karst caves using the above system includes the following steps:

[0056] Step 1: Pressure monitoring inside the grout bag: Eight sets of pressure sensors 5 are evenly distributed and staggered vertically along the grouting pipe 1, numbered 1-8. During grouting, the pressure sensors 5 monitor the pressure changes inside the grout bag 2 in real time and transmit the pressure change signals to the main control system. The main control system determines whether to continue grouting based on the pressure change signals. The theoretical time for each set of pressure sensors 5 to begin displaying pressure values ​​is specified. for:

[0057]

[0058] in: The pressure sensor number is 5, and it is an integer between 1 and 8. For the first The volume from the height of pressure sensor 5 to the bottom of the pile can be determined by ground-penetrating radar measurement. Grouting speed;

[0059] From the start of grouting timing, the grouting time reaches... +20% If the corresponding pressure sensor 5 interface in the main control system starts to display a value, it is confirmed that the grouting height has reached the position of the corresponding pressure sensor 5. At the same time, if the value continues to increase after the first group of pressure sensors 5 starts to display a value, it can be determined that grouting is continuous.

[0060] Step 2, Monitoring the Filling Degree of Grout Inside the Bag: The ultrasonic level gauge 4 monitors the grout level inside the bag 2 in real time during the grouting process and transmits the signal to the main control system. The main control system determines whether the grout has completely filled the bag 2 based on the received signal. If it is completely filled, the main control system issues a stop grouting command and sends a completion signal to the warning system, and the external grouting machine automatically stops grouting. It is important to note that determining whether the grout has completely filled the bag 2 requires simultaneously meeting the required grout level height... The rate at which the liquid surface floats up and down Pressure volatility .

[0061] The above liquid level height for:

[0062]

[0063] Among them, v sound Let Δt be the speed of sound, and Δt be the time difference between the ultrasonic level gauge 4 emitting and retracting the ultrasonic wave.

[0064] The above-mentioned rate v of the liquid surface floating up and down μ for:

[0065]

[0066] in, Take 180s. They are respectively The highest and lowest liquid levels within the time period;

[0067] The aforementioned pressure volatility for:

[0068]

[0069] in, For the i-th group of pressure sensors in The maximum and minimum pressure values ​​within the time period. Set the time to 180 seconds.

[0070] Step 3: Monitoring the uniformity of slurry inside the bag: After the slurry in bag 2 is completely filled, the main control system determines whether the slurry in bag 2 is uniformly filled based on the signals received from pressure sensor 5 and the ultrasonic monitoring device. If the filling is uniform, the main control system transmits a signal to the warning system, and the operator controls the grouting pipe 1 to move upward to start grouting the next karst cave. If the filling is uneven, vibration is performed until uniformity is achieved. The uniformity of the slurry meets the following conditions:

[0071]

[0072] Maximum gradient value for:

[0073]

[0074] Axial pressure gradient for:

[0075]

[0076] Standardized standard deviation for:

[0077]

[0078] in: for Time of the first The pressure value of pressure sensor 5, where L is the distance between two adjacent pressure sensors 5. for The average value of all pressure sensors 5 at any given time. , This is the default value.

Claims

1. A system for determining the completion status of bag grouting in beaded karst caves, characterized in that: It includes a main control system, a grouting device, a monitoring device, and an alarm system. The main control system is used to receive signals from the monitoring device, process the signals, and issue corresponding instructions to the grouting device and the alarm system. The grouting device includes a cloth bag (2), which is placed inside a beaded karst cave (3). One end of the grouting pipe (1) is placed inside the cloth bag (2), and the other end is located outside the cloth bag (2) and connected to an external grouting machine through a pipe. The part of the grouting pipe (1) inside the cloth bag (2) is machined with grouting holes (1-1). The main control system issues a command, and the external grouting machine performs the action of starting / stopping grouting. The monitoring device includes an ultrasonic monitoring device and a pressure sensor (5). The ultrasonic monitoring device monitors the liquid level in the bag (2) and transmits the signal to the main control system. The pressure sensor (5) monitors the segmented pressure in the bag and transmits the signal to the main control system. The warning system receives instructions from the main control system and executes corresponding warning actions.

2. The system for determining the completion status of bag grouting in beaded karst caves according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure sensor (5) is provided in several groups, which are evenly distributed on the outer circumferential surface of the grouting pipe (1) inside the cloth bag (2).

3. The system for determining the completion status of bag grouting in beaded karst caves according to claim 1, characterized in that: The warning system includes one or more combinations of audible and visual alarms, system interface prompts, or remote communication.

4. The system for determining the completion status of bag grouting in beaded karst caves according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ultrasonic monitoring device includes an ultrasonic level gauge (4) installed on the grouting pipe (1) and located at the top inside the cloth bag (2).

5. The system for determining the completion status of bag grouting in beaded karst caves according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure sensor (5) is provided in 8 groups, which are evenly distributed in the vertical direction on the outer circumferential surface of the grouting pipe (1) inside the cloth bag (2), and adjacent 2 groups of pressure sensors (5) are staggered.

6. A method according to claim 1 for determining the completion status of bag grouting in a beaded karst cave, characterized in that... Includes the following steps: Step 1, Pressure monitoring inside the bag: Eight pressure sensors (5) are evenly distributed and staggered in the vertical direction of the grouting pipe (1) and numbered 1-8. The pressure sensors (5) monitor the pressure change inside the bag (2) in real time during the grouting process and transmit the pressure change signal to the main control system. The main control system determines whether to continue grouting based on the pressure change signal. Step 2, monitoring the filling degree of grout in the bag: The ultrasonic level gauge (4) monitors the liquid level of the grout in the bag (2) in real time during the grouting process and transmits the signal to the main control system. The main control system judges whether the grout is completely filled inside the bag (2) based on the received signal. If it is completely filled, the main control system issues a stop grouting command and sends a completion signal to the warning system. The external grouting machine automatically stops grouting. Step 3, monitoring the uniformity of slurry in the bag: After the slurry in the bag (2) is completely filled, the main control system judges whether the slurry in the bag (2) is filled evenly according to the signals received from the pressure sensor (5) and the ultrasonic monitoring device. If the filling is uniform, the main control system transmits the signal to the warning system, and the operator controls the grouting pipe (1) to move upward and start the next karst cave grouting. If the filling is not uniform, vibration is performed until it is uniform.

7. The method for determining the completion status of bag grouting in beaded karst caves according to claim 6, characterized in that, In step 1, the theoretical time for each group of pressure sensors (5) to start displaying pressure values ​​is... for: in: The pressure sensor (5) is numbered, taking an integer from 1 to 8. For the first The volume from the height of the pressure sensor (5) to the bottom of the pile can be determined by ground-penetrating radar measurement. This refers to the grouting speed; From the start of grouting timing, the grouting time reaches... +20% If the corresponding pressure sensor (5) interface in the main control system starts to display a value, it is confirmed that the grouting height has reached the position of the corresponding pressure sensor (5); at the same time, after the first group of pressure sensors (5) starts to display a value, if the value continues to increase, it can be determined that the grouting is continuous.

8. The method for determining the completion status of bag grouting in beaded karst caves according to claim 6, characterized in that, In step 2, determining whether the slurry is completely filled inside the cloth bag (2) requires simultaneously meeting the liquid level height requirement. The rate at which the liquid surface floats up and down Pressure volatility .

9. The method for determining the completion status of bag grouting in beaded karst caves according to claim 8, characterized in that, The liquid level height for: Among them, v sound Let Δt be the speed of sound, and Δt be the time difference between the ultrasonic level gauge 4 emitting and retracting the ultrasonic wave. The rate v of the liquid surface floating up and down μ for: in, Take 180 seconds. They are respectively The highest and lowest liquid levels within the time period; The pressure volatility for: in, For the i-th group of pressure sensors in The maximum and minimum pressure values ​​within the time period. Set the time to 180 seconds.

10. The method for determining the completion status of bag grouting in a beaded karst cave according to claim 5, characterized in that, In step 3, the slurry uniformity must meet the following conditions: Maximum gradient value for: Axial pressure gradient for: Standardized standard deviation for: in: for Time of the first The pressure value of the pressure sensor (5), where L is the distance between two adjacent pressure sensors (5). for The average value of all pressure sensors (5) at any given time. , This is the default value.

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