Pressure test tool for steel pipe assembly welding piece

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of steel pipe weldment pressure testing, and discloses a steel pipe assembly weldment pressure testing tool which comprises a pipeline and a pressure testing assembly installed on the outer circle face of the pipeline, the pressure testing assembly is installed at the end and the outer circle face of the pipeline, the pressure testing assembly comprises a sealing mechanism and a lantern ring mechanism, and the sealing mechanism is used for sealing the end face of the pipeline; the sleeve ring mechanism is connected with the sealing mechanism, the sleeve ring mechanism is installed on the outer circle face of the pipeline, the sealing mechanism is installed at one end of the end face of the pipeline through friction force, the nut can continue to push the sliding ring to move, at the moment, the thickness of the sliding resistance block can be gradually increased, and resistance borne by the sliding ring is larger and larger; according to the pressure testing tool, the sliding ring and the sealing plate can be installed when the sliding ring cannot move, welding on the outer circle face of the pipeline is avoided, the interior of the pipeline is polished, the pressure testing tool can be directly connected with the pipeline, the pipeline does not need to be changed at all, pressure testing time is saved, and cost is saved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of pressure testing technology for steel pipe welded components, and particularly to a pressure testing fixture for steel pipe welded components. Background Technology

[0002] The filtrate tube is assembled and welded from a steel pipe, elbow, horizontal main pipe, threaded branch pipe, and plug plate, such as... Figure 1 As shown, all welds must be sealed after assembly welding. A pressure test of 0.5MPa for 3 minutes is required, and there must be no air or water leakage.

[0003] The filter tubes are all made of 0Cr18Ni9 stainless steel, with a smooth outer surface and no threads, making it difficult to tighten the test air tube joints.

[0004] In the past, when testing similar tubular structures, process plugs had to be welded to both ends of the tube. Holes were drilled in one end of the plug to connect the test air pipe. After the test, the plug had to be cut off and the inner wall of the tube had to be ground. This process was time-consuming, inefficient, and costly.

[0005] Therefore, the above problems are solved by using a steel pipe assembly welding test fixture. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a pressure testing fixture for steel pipe welded components to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: including a pipe and a pressure testing assembly installed on the outer circular surface of the pipe, wherein the pressure testing assembly is installed at the end of the pipe and on the outer circular surface.

[0008] Preferably, the pressure testing assembly includes a sealing mechanism and a collar mechanism. The sealing mechanism is used to seal the end face of the pipe. The collar mechanism is connected to the sealing mechanism and is installed on the outer circumference of the pipe. The sealing mechanism is installed at one end of the pipe end face by friction.

[0009] Preferably, the sealing mechanism includes a sealing plate, and a gas pipe connector for detecting the airtightness of the pipeline is provided through the end face of the sealing plate.

[0010] Preferably, a sealing element is provided on the side of the sealing plate near the pipe, the sealing plate and the sealing element are slidably connected, and the sealing element is provided on the outer side of the outer circumference of the pipe.

[0011] Preferably, the sealing plate has a plurality of sliding grooves symmetrically formed at one end near the pipe, and the inner sidewalls of the sliding grooves have symmetrically formed slots.

[0012] Preferably, the sealing element includes a connecting plate, a connecting block is provided at one end of the connecting plate near the sealing plate, and locking blocks are provided on both sides of the connecting block. The connecting block of the connecting plate is connected to the sliding groove of the sealing plate, and the locking blocks engage with the locking groove to connect the sealing plate and the sealing element together.

[0013] Preferably, a sliding block is provided at the end of the connecting plate away from the sealing plate.

[0014] Preferably, the sealing plate has symmetrically formed connecting holes on one end face, and a connecting bolt is inserted through the connecting hole. The other end of the connecting bolt is connected to a collar mechanism.

[0015] Preferably, the collar mechanism includes a sliding ring, and the outer circular surface of the sliding ring is provided with symmetrical connecting seats.

[0016] Preferably, the sliding ring is slidably disposed on the outer circumference of the pipe, and the sliding block is located between the sliding ring and the pipe.

[0017] The technical effects and advantages of this invention are as follows: 1. In this invention, the nut will continue to push the sliding ring to move. At this time, the thickness of the sliding block will gradually increase, and the resistance on the sliding ring will become greater and greater. When the nut can no longer be turned, that is, when the sliding ring can no longer move, the installation of the sliding ring and the sealing plate is completed. This method avoids welding on the outer surface of the pipe and grinding the inside of the pipe. The pressure testing fixture can be directly connected to the pipe without any modification to the pipe, saving pressure testing time and cost.

[0018] 2. The fastening force of this invention is due to the fact that the sliding ring is a circular ring, while the sliding block is a quarter-circle arc-shaped frustum. There are 4 sliding blocks. As the sliding ring slides, the sliding blocks will retract towards the central axis of the pipe, so that the 4 sliding blocks are tightly fitted with the outer surface of the pipe, forming a ring around the outer surface of the pipe, which indirectly strengthens the thickness and toughness of the pipe, and indirectly enhances the load-bearing capacity.

[0019] 3. This invention. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the prior art results of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the external annular component and the sealing plate blocking the obstruction of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the collar mechanism of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 5This is a schematic diagram of the sealing structure of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the sealing plate and the sealing element of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the annular groove structure on the sealing plate of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the connecting plate structure of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the sliding ring structure of the present invention.

[0029] In the diagram: 1. Pipeline; 2. Sealing mechanism; 201. Sealing plate; 202. Sealing element; 203. Connecting bolt; 204. Air pipe connector; 205. Connecting hole; 206. Sliding groove; 207. Slot; 208. Connecting plate; 209. Sliding block; 2010. Connecting block; 2011. Slotting block; 3. Ring mechanism; 301. Sliding ring; 302. Connecting seat. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0031] This invention provides, for example Figures 1 to 9 The invention relates to a pressure testing fixture for a steel pipe assembly, comprising a pipe 1 and a pressure testing component mounted on the outer surface of the pipe 1. The pressure testing component is mounted on the end and outer surface of the pipe 1.

[0032] The pressure testing assembly includes a sealing mechanism 2 and a collar mechanism 3. The sealing mechanism 2 is used to seal the end face of the pipe 1. The collar mechanism 3 is connected to the sealing mechanism 2 and is installed on the outer circumference of the pipe 1. The sealing mechanism 2 is installed at one end of the end face of the pipe 1 by friction.

[0033] Pipeline 1 is equipped with a pressure testing assembly, which is sleeved on pipeline 1. The pressure testing assembly includes a sealing mechanism 2 and a collar mechanism 3. The sealing mechanism 2 is used to seal the end face opening of pipeline 1. The collar mechanism 3 is installed on the outer circumference of pipeline 1 and is connected to the sealing mechanism 2. After the collar mechanism 3 is installed on the outer circumference of pipeline 1, the sealing mechanism 2 is simultaneously fixed on pipeline 1 through the connection between the two, thus sealing the end face opening of pipeline 1.

[0034] The collar mechanism 3 is fixed to the outer surface of the pipe 1 by friction with the outer surface of the pipe 1.

[0035] Furthermore, the collar mechanism 3 includes a sliding ring 301, and the outer circular surface of the sliding ring 301 is provided with symmetrical connecting seats 302.

[0036] The ring mechanism 3 includes a sliding ring 301, which is sleeved on the outer circular surface of the pipe 1. The outer shape of the sliding ring 301 is circular, and it can be sleeved on the outer circular surface of the pipe 1. The sliding ring 301 is frustoconical near the inside of the pipe 1, meaning that the inner diameter of the sliding ring 301 is different. The diameter is smaller near the opening of the end face of the pipe 1, and larger away from the opening of the end face of the pipe 1. The relationship of the inner diameters of the sliding ring 301 is that the diameter near the opening of the end face of the pipe 1 is smaller than the inner diameter of the opening away from the end face of the pipe 1.

[0037] In actual use, the sliding ring 301 also requires the sliding resistance block 209 of the sealing mechanism 2 to be fixed.

[0038] Furthermore, the sliding ring 301 is slidably disposed on the outer circular surface of the pipe 1, and the sliding block 209 is located between the sliding ring 301 and the pipe 1.

[0039] The sliding block 209 is disposed between the sliding ring 301 and the outer surface of the pipe 1. The sliding block 209 is a quarter-circle arc-shaped frustum, meaning that the thickness of the sliding block 209 continuously decreases along the direction from the sealing plate 201 to the sliding ring 301.

[0040] The sliding ring 301 cooperates with the sliding block 209. The sliding ring 301 is initially fitted on the outer circle of the pipe 1. When the inner diameter of the sliding ring 301 is large, it is far away from the opening of the end face of the pipe 1. When the inner diameter of the sliding ring 301 is small, it is far close to the opening of the end face of the pipe 1. At this time, the position of the sliding block 209 is at the smaller diameter of the pipe 1, but the thinner end of the sliding block 209 extends towards the larger diameter end of the sliding ring 301.

[0041] Therefore, when the sliding ring 301 is installed on the outer surface of the pipe 1, as the sliding ring 301 moves towards the sealing plate 201 on the outer surface of the pipe 1, the thickness of the sliding block 209 will gradually increase, and the sliding block 209 is at the end with the smaller diameter of the sliding ring 301. At this time, the end with the smaller diameter of the sliding ring 301 will move towards the end with the thicker thickness of the sliding block 209. Through the movement of the sliding ring 301, the friction between the sliding ring 301 and the sliding block 209 and the friction between the sliding block 209 and the outer surface of the pipe 1 fix the position of the sliding ring 301. When the sliding ring 301 moves towards the sealing plate 201, in addition to the friction, the sliding ring 301 will apply a fastening force to the sliding block 209.

[0042] The fastening force is due to the fact that the sliding ring 301 is a circular ring, while the sliding block 209 is a quarter-circle frustum shape. There are four sliding blocks 209. As the sliding ring 301 slides, the sliding blocks 209 will retract towards the central axis of the pipe 1, so that the four sliding blocks 209 are tightly fitted with the outer surface of the pipe 1, forming a ring around the outer surface of the pipe 1, which indirectly strengthens the thickness and toughness of the pipe 1, and indirectly enhances the load-bearing capacity.

[0043] A connecting plate 208 is connected to one end of the sliding block 209 near the sealing plate 201. The connecting plate 208 is used to connect the sliding block 209 and the sealing plate 201.

[0044] Furthermore, the sealing element 202 includes a connecting plate 208, with a connecting block 2010 provided at one end of the connecting plate 208 near the sealing plate 201. The connecting block 2011 is provided on both sides of the connecting block 2010. The connecting block 2010 of the connecting plate 208 is connected to the sliding groove 206 of the sealing plate 201, and the locking block 2011 is engaged with the locking groove 207 to connect the sealing plate 201 and the sealing element 202 together.

[0045] A sliding block 209 is provided at the end of the connecting plate 208 away from the sealing plate 201.

[0046] One end of the sliding block 209 is connected to the connecting plate 208. The connecting plate 208 is used to fix the position of the sliding block 209, so as to prevent the sliding ring 301 from sliding along with the sliding ring 301 when the sliding ring 301 slides towards the sealing plate 201, which would prevent the sliding ring 301 from being fixed on the outer surface of the pipe 1 by friction.

[0047] The connecting plate 208 applies a resisting force to the sliding block 209, preventing the sliding ring 301 from pushing the sliding block 209 to move. Only the sliding ring 301 can move. The sliding ring 301 is fixed to the thicker end of the sliding block 209, supporting the sliding ring 301 and fixing it in place.

[0048] A connecting block 2010 is provided at one end of the connecting plate 208 near the sealing plate 201. The connecting block 2010 is connected to one end of the sealing plate 201. The connecting plate 208 is connected to the sealing plate 201 through the connecting block 2010, so that the connecting plate 208 also obtains a blocking force, ensuring that the connecting plate 208 can cover the outer circle surface of the pipe 1, ensuring that the positions of the connecting plate 208 and the sliding block 209 are fixed and will not change.

[0049] Furthermore, the sealing plate 201 has a symmetrically provided connection hole 205 on one end, and a connecting bolt 203 is provided through the connection hole 205. The other end of the connecting bolt 203 is connected to the collar mechanism 3.

[0050] During the connection process, the sealing plate 201 is tightly fitted to the end face opening of the pipe 1, with the end of the sealing plate 201 furthest from the end face opening of the pipe 1, such as... Figure 2 As shown, the sealing plate 201 is blocked by an external annular component. The external annular component is used to avoid affecting the air pipe connector 204 installed on the end face of the sealing plate 201. The external annular component passes through the air pipe connector 204 and blocks the end face of the sealing plate 201.

[0051] Then, the connecting bolt 203 passes through the connecting hole 205 through the sealing plate 201 and connects to the connecting seat 302 of the collar mechanism 3. Then, the nut is rotated to push the connecting seat 302. The connecting seat 302 drives the collar mechanism 3 to move, that is, the sliding ring 301 moves towards the sealing plate 201. There are two connecting bolts 203, and the two connecting bolts 203 are connected to two nuts. The two nuts rotate synchronously to prevent the sliding ring 301 from tilting on the outer circle surface of the pipe 1. If it tilts, the connecting bolt 203 will not be able to be tightened, and the sealing plate 201 and the end face opening of the pipe 1 will not be sealed properly, resulting in inaccurate pressure testing.

[0052] Meanwhile, an annular groove is formed at the end of the sealing plate 201 near the pipe 1. The end face of the pipe 1 is connected to the inside of the annular groove and extends into it. When the nut is rotated, it pushes the sliding ring 301 to move. After the sliding ring 301 contacts the sliding resistance block 209, the sliding ring 301 and the sliding resistance block 209 move towards the sealing plate 201. The sliding resistance block 209 simultaneously pushes the connecting plate 208, the connecting block 2010, and the sealing plate 201 to move. At this time, the external annular component blocks the sealing plate 201 to prevent it from moving too much and causing the sealing plate 201 to move too far. This prevents the pipe 1 end face from being sealed. Then, the nut is tightened, and the sealing plate 201 cannot move due to the external annular component. When tightened again, the nut continues to push the sliding ring 301 to move. At this time, the thickness of the sliding block 209 gradually increases, and the resistance to the sliding ring 301 increases. When the nut can no longer be turned, that is, when the sliding ring 301 can no longer move, the installation of the sliding ring 301 and the sealing plate 201 is complete. This method avoids welding on the outer surface of pipe 1 and grinding the inside of pipe 1. The pressure testing fixture can be directly connected to pipe 1 without any further modifications to pipe 1, saving pressure testing time and costs.

[0053] In actual use, the external annular component blocks the sealing plate 201, reducing the movement of the sealing plate 201. However, the sliding ring 301 will definitely push the sealing plate 201 to move slightly. The movement of the sealing plate 201 is less than the depth of the annular groove. Therefore, the end face of the pipe 1 is still inside the annular groove, and the pipe 1 will continue to be sealed by the annular groove and the sealing plate 201.

[0054] The annular groove has a sealing gasket extending inside and on the sidewalls for sealing with pipe 1.

[0055] Furthermore, the sealing mechanism 2 includes a sealing plate 201, and a gas pipe connector 204 for detecting the airtightness of the pipeline 1 is provided through the end face of the sealing plate 201.

[0056] After the sealing plate 201 is installed, the external pressure testing device is connected to the air pipe connector 204 to test the pressure of pipe 1. After no leaks are found during the pressure test, the pressure test is completed. The air valve is closed, the pressure testing fixture is removed, and the next filter pipe can be pressure tested.

[0057] Furthermore, a sealing element 202 is provided on the side of the sealing plate 201 near the pipe 1. The sealing plate 201 and the sealing element 202 are slidably connected. The sealing element 202 is provided on the outer side of the outer circular surface of the pipe 1.

[0058] The sealing plate 201 has a plurality of sliding grooves 206 symmetrically formed at one end near the pipe 1, and the inner sidewall of the sliding groove 206 has a symmetrical slot 207.

[0059] One end of the connecting plate 208 is connected to a connecting block 2010. The two sides of the connecting block 2010 are provided with locking blocks 2011. The connecting block 2010 is connected to the sliding groove 206. Then, the locking blocks 2011 are engaged with the locking groove 207 to connect the connecting plate 208 to the sealing plate 201. The connecting plate 208 can slide inside the sliding groove 206. The bottom end of the connecting plate 208 and the bottom end inside the sliding groove 206 are provided with springs. The function of the springs is to allow the connecting plate 208 to slide inside the sliding groove 206 and then pull the connecting plate 208 back so that the connecting plate 208 fits against the outer circumference of the pipe 1.

[0060] During the initial installation process, the sliding ring 301 is first fitted onto the outer surface of the pipe 1. Then, the connecting plate 208 is pulled, causing it to slide towards the edge of the sealing plate 201. At this time, the gap between the four connecting plates 208 widens. Then, the annular groove of the sealing plate 201 is aligned with the end face of the pipe 1. After the annular groove of the sealing plate 201 is embedded and connected to the end face of the pipe 1, the connecting plate 208 is released and no longer pulled. The connecting plate 208 is pulled by the spring, making it fit against the outer surface of the pipe 1. Thus, the initial installation of the sealing mechanism 2 and the ring mechanism 3 is completed.

[0061] Working principle During the initial installation process, the sliding ring 301 is first fitted onto the outer surface of the pipe 1. Then, the connecting plate 208 is pulled, causing it to slide towards the edge of the sealing plate 201. At this time, the gap between the four connecting plates 208 widens. Then, the annular groove of the sealing plate 201 is aligned with the end face of the pipe 1. After the annular groove of the sealing plate 201 is embedded and connected to the end face of the pipe 1, the connecting plate 208 is released and no longer pulled. The connecting plate 208 is pulled by the spring, making it fit against the outer surface of the pipe 1. Thus, the initial installation of the sealing mechanism 2 and the ring mechanism 3 is completed.

[0062] The sealing plate 201 is tightly fitted to the end face opening of the pipe 1, with the end of the sealing plate 201 away from the end face opening of the pipe 1, such as... Figure 2 As shown, the sealing plate 201 is blocked by an external annular component. The external annular component is used to avoid affecting the air pipe connector 204 installed on the end face of the sealing plate 201. The external annular component passes through the air pipe connector 204 and blocks the end face of the sealing plate 201.

[0063] Then, the connecting bolt 203 passes through the connecting hole 205 through the sealing plate 201 and connects to the connecting seat 302 of the collar mechanism 3. Then, the nut is rotated to push the connecting seat 302. The connecting seat 302 drives the collar mechanism 3 to move, that is, the sliding ring 301 moves towards the sealing plate 201. There are two connecting bolts 203, and the two connecting bolts 203 are connected to two nuts. The two nuts rotate synchronously to prevent the sliding ring 301 from tilting on the outer circle surface of the pipe 1. If it tilts, the connecting bolt 203 will not be able to be tightened, and the sealing plate 201 and the end face opening of the pipe 1 will not be sealed properly, resulting in inaccurate pressure testing.

[0064] Meanwhile, the sealing plate 201 has an annular groove at one end near the pipe 1. The end face of the pipe 1 is connected to the inside of the annular groove, extending into it. When the nut is turned, it pushes the sliding ring 301 to move. After the sliding ring 301 contacts the sliding block 209, it moves towards the sealing plate 201. Simultaneously, the sliding block 209 pushes the connecting plate 208, connecting block 2010, and sealing plate 201 to move. At this time, the external annular component presses against the sealing plate. 201 is used to block and prevent the sealing plate 201 from moving too much, which would cause the sealing plate 201 to move too far and fail to seal the end face of pipe 1. Then, the nut is tightened. The sealing plate 201 cannot move due to the external annular component blocking it. When tightened again, the nut will continue to push the sliding ring 301 to move. At this time, the thickness of the sliding block 209 will gradually increase, and the resistance on the sliding ring 301 will become more and more intense. When the nut can no longer be turned, that is, when the sliding ring 301 can no longer move, the installation of the sliding ring 301 and the sealing plate 201 is completed.

[0065] In actual use, the external annular component blocks the sealing plate 201, reducing the movement of the sealing plate 201. However, the sliding ring 301 will definitely push the sealing plate 201 to move slightly. The movement of the sealing plate 201 is less than the depth of the annular groove. Therefore, the end face of the pipe 1 is still inside the annular groove, and the pipe 1 will continue to be sealed by the annular groove and the sealing plate 201.

[0066] After the sealing plate 201 is installed, the external pressure testing device is connected to the air pipe connector 204 to test the pressure of pipe 1. After no leaks are found during the pressure test, the pressure test is completed. The air valve is closed, the pressure testing fixture is removed, and the next filter pipe can be pressure tested.

[0067] After use, fill pipeline 1 with the pressure testing fixture. The contents not described in detail in this specification are existing technologies known to those skilled in the art.

[0068] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A pressure testing fixture for welded steel pipe components, characterized in that: It includes a pipe (1) and a pressure testing assembly mounted on the outer circular surface of the pipe (1), the pressure testing assembly being mounted on the end and outer circular surface of the pipe (1); The pressure testing assembly includes a sealing mechanism (2) and a collar mechanism (3). The sealing mechanism (2) is used to seal the end face of the pipe (1). The collar mechanism (3) is connected to the sealing mechanism (2). The collar mechanism (3) is installed on the outer circular surface of the pipe (1). The sealing mechanism (2) is installed on one end of the end face of the pipe (1) by friction.

2. The pressure testing fixture for steel pipe welded components according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sealing mechanism (2) includes a sealing plate (201), and a gas pipe connector (204) for detecting the airtightness of the pipeline (1) is provided through the end face of the sealing plate (201).

3. The pressure testing fixture for steel pipe welded components according to claim 2, characterized in that: The sealing plate (201) is provided with a sealing element (202) on the side near the pipe (1). The sealing plate (201) and the sealing element (202) are slidably connected. The sealing element (202) is provided on the outer side of the outer circle of the pipe (1).

4. The pressure testing fixture for steel pipe welded components according to claim 3, characterized in that: The sealing plate (201) has a plurality of sliding grooves (206) symmetrically opened at one end near the pipe (1), and the inner sidewall of the sliding groove (206) has a symmetrical slot (207).

5. The pressure testing fixture for steel pipe welded components according to claim 4, characterized in that: The sealing element (202) includes a connecting plate (208), and a connecting block (2010) is provided at one end of the connecting plate (208) near the sealing plate (201). The connecting block (2010) is provided with locking blocks (2011) on both sides. The connecting block (2010) of the connecting plate (208) is connected to the sliding groove (206) of the sealing plate (201). The locking block (2011) is engaged with the locking groove (207) to connect the sealing plate (201) and the sealing element (202) together.

6. The pressure testing fixture for steel pipe welded components according to claim 5, characterized in that: A sliding block (209) is provided at the end of the connecting plate (208) away from the sealing plate (201).

7. The pressure testing fixture for a steel pipe welded assembly according to claim 6, characterized in that: The sealing plate (201) has a symmetrically provided connecting hole (205) on one end, and a connecting bolt (203) is provided through the connecting hole (205). The other end of the connecting bolt (203) is connected to the collar mechanism (3).

8. The pressure testing fixture for steel pipe welded components according to claim 7, characterized in that: The collar mechanism (3) includes a sliding ring (301), and the outer circular surface of the sliding ring (301) is provided with symmetrical connecting seats (302).

9. The pressure testing fixture for welded steel pipe components according to claim 8, characterized in that: The sliding ring (301) is slidably disposed on the outer circular surface of the pipe (1), and the sliding block (209) is located between the sliding ring (301) and the pipe (1).

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