Method for rapidly detecting mud content of washed hill sand
By employing a suspension optical detection method, utilizing a spectrophotometer and dispersant technology, the mud content of washed mountain sand can be detected quickly and accurately, solving the problem of time-consuming traditional detection methods and enabling real-time detection and optimization on the production line.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202511690410.8
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-11-18
- Publication Date
- 2026-02-13
AI Technical Summary
Traditional methods for detecting mud content are cumbersome and time-consuming, and cannot obtain real-time data on washed mountain sand in a timely manner, resulting in unstable quality of mountain sand on the production line.
The suspension optical detection method was adopted, and the absorbance was measured by spectrophotometer. Combined with dispersant and dilution technology, calibration lines for mud content and absorbance were established to quickly obtain the mud content of washed mountain sand.
It enables rapid and accurate mud content detection, adapts to the real-time needs of the production line, improves detection accuracy and stability, optimizes the washing process, and meets the requirements for efficient utilization of mountain sand resources.
Smart Images
Figure BDA0005692584350000071 
Figure BDA0005692584350000072 
Figure BDA0005692584350000081
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention belongs to the field of testing and detection technology, and in particular relates to a rapid method for detecting the mud content of washed mountain sand. Background Technology
[0002] In the mining of sand and gravel, rocks with a depth greater than ten meters and a low degree of weathering are typically selected as the main raw materials for manufactured sand and gravel aggregates. However, sand and gravel from surface and shallow areas are more strongly weathered, and the mud content of the prepared mountain sand usually far exceeds the 5% requirement of Class III sand for construction purposes. This limits the widespread application of mountain sand in concrete and other engineering projects. To improve the comprehensive utilization rate of mineral resources, a series of processing techniques, such as water washing, can be used to separate mud and sand, reduce the mud content of mountain sand, and bring it up to the standard for construction sand, thereby producing more economical sand and gravel aggregates.
[0003] However, traditional methods for detecting mud content involve multiple washing and drying steps, which are cumbersome and time-consuming. The drying process, in particular, often takes several hours, making it impossible to obtain real-time data on the mud content of washed mountain sand on the production line, thus hindering the determination of whether it meets quality requirements. In the absence of effective detection methods, factories often rely on experience for judgment, which can lead to inconsistencies in the quality of washed mountain sand. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop an efficient and rapid mud content detection method to guide production decisions in real time, optimize the washing process, and meet the production demands for efficient and high-quality utilization of mountain sand resources. Summary of the Invention
[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a rapid method for detecting the mud content of washed mountain sand, aiming to reflect the mud content of washed mountain sand through optical detection of suspension, and to quickly obtain the mud content detection results of washed mountain sand. To this end, this invention adopts the following technical solution:
[0005] A rapid method for detecting the mud content in washed mountain sand includes the following steps:
[0006] S1. Wash the mountain sand and filter it through a sand sieve. Collect the material on the sieve and the material under the sieve separately, and dry them to obtain washed mountain sand and dried mud samples.
[0007] S2. Mix the washed mountain sand and dried mud samples in a certain proportion, add deionized water in the same proportion as the production process and stir. After the large particles settle, take the upper suspension, add dispersant, dilute and shake well, and then perform ultrasonic dispersion to prepare standard solutions with different mud contents.
[0008] S3. The absorbance of calibration solutions with different mud contents under a specific wavelength light source is measured by a spectrophotometer, and calibration lines for mud content and absorbance are established by fitting.
[0009] S4. Take the suspension from the production process of the washed mountain sand to be tested, filter it through a sand sieve of the same specifications as the sand sieve to remove large particles, add a dispersant, dilute and shake well and ultrasonically disperse, measure the absorbance with a spectrophotometer, and calculate the mud content of the washed mountain sand according to the calibration line.
[0010] Furthermore, the sand sieve is a 0.075mm sand sieve.
[0011] Furthermore, in step S1, the mud content of the washed mountain sand should not exceed 0.1%; the drying method for the washed mountain sand and dried mud is to dry them at 105-120℃ until their quality no longer changes.
[0012] Further, in step S2, the method for preparing the standard solution is as follows: take 50g of the washed mountain sand sample obtained in step S1 and place it in a 1L beaker, add 0%, 3%, 5% and 7% of dried mud respectively, add deionized water in the same proportion as in the production process, stir and wash for 20s to 1min, let it stand and precipitate for 10s to 3min; take 5 parts of the upper suspension, add 0 to 2 parts of dispersant and shake well, add deionized water to obtain 50 parts of diluted solution, and disperse by ultrasonication for 0 to 1min to obtain standard solutions with different mud contents.
[0013] Furthermore, in step S3, the incident light wavelength during spectrophotometer detection is in the range of 300–900 nm. The fitted calibration line should monotonically increase. When the first derivative of absorbance with respect to mud content decreases significantly with increasing mud content, it indicates that the suspension after washing is supersaturated, and the measurement range should be reduced or the settling time after washing should be shortened. The specific formula for the calibration line is as follows:
[0014] I = f(x) x∈[0, x1)
[0015] Where I is absorbance, x is mud content, x1 is the upper limit of the calibration line concentration, and f(x) is the relationship between absorbance and mud content, which should increase monotonically.
[0016] Furthermore, the testing range for mud content in the sample using this method can be adjusted by changing the dilution factor in step S4, as follows:
[0017] Dilution factor:
[0018] Formula for calculating mud content:
[0019] Where B is the dilution factor, I is the absorbance, x is the mud content, x1 is the upper limit of the calibration line concentration, and x2 is the upper limit of the measured concentration after adjustment.
[0020] Furthermore, the dispersant in steps S2 and S4 is colorless and transparent, and can prevent the diluted suspension from undergoing significant sedimentation within 1 hour. The specific formula is as follows: 5-20 parts of powder and 1000 parts of deionized water; wherein the powder includes one or a mixture of sodium gluconate, sodium hexametaphosphate, sodium tripolyphosphate, sodium tartrate, sodium citrate, and sodium formate.
[0021] The principle of this invention is based on the Lambert-Beer law, which states that absorbance equals the product of the Bohr absorptivity, the concentration of the absorbing substance, and the thickness of the absorbing layer. By using a specific incident wavelength to penetrate the suspension and comparing the absorbance with the mud concentration in the suspension, the mud content of the sand is indirectly obtained, thus reflecting the quality of the washed mountain sand. To improve the accuracy of the test and avoid the instability of the test results over time due to sedimentation, this method employs dilution and the addition of dispersants to the washed sand suspension. When the mud content of the sample is low, the accuracy can be further improved by reducing the dilution factor.
[0022] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following significant advantages: (1) The present invention only needs to establish the calibration line of absorbance and concentration of water-washed mountain sand suspension, and can directly use the suspension on the water-washed mountain sand production line for measurement, which reduces the sample preparation, rinsing, drying and other processes, and shortens the detection time from several hours to a few minutes, which meets the needs of real-time detection of mud content in large-scale mountain sand washing production lines; (2) In the process of setting the calibration line, the present invention can accurately reflect the on-site working conditions by washing with the same proportion of clean water in the actual production process; (3) The present invention considers the problem of inaccurate measurement caused by the oversaturation of water-washed mountain sand suspension with high mud content in the requirements of fitting the calibration line; (4) The present invention selects a suitable settling time according to the characteristics of mountain sand and adjusts the dilution ratio according to the actual detection requirements, which can meet the needs of different measurement ranges and precision; (5) The dispersant technology used in the present invention can effectively keep the diluted suspension from settling within 3 hours, making the measurement data results more stable. Detailed Implementation
[0023] Example 1
[0024] High-mud-content mountain sand provided by a project was washed on a 0.075mm sand sieve. The oversize and undersize materials were collected and dried. According to GB / T 14684-2022 "Construction Sand" mud content testing method, the mud content of the washed mountain sand was determined to be no more than 0.1%, thus obtaining washed mountain sand. 50g of washed mountain sand sample was placed in a 1L beaker, and 0%, 3%, 5%, and 7% dried mud were added respectively. 500g of deionized water was added, and the mixture was stirred and washed for 30s, then allowed to settle for 30s. 5mL of the upper suspension was taken, 2mL of dispersant was added, and the mixture was shaken well. Deionized water was added to obtain 50mL of diluted solution, which was then ultrasonically dispersed for 1min to prepare standard solutions with mud contents of 0%, 3%, 5%, and 7%.
[0025] The dispersant formulation in this embodiment includes 10 parts of powder and 1000 parts of deionized water; wherein the powder includes one or a mixture of sodium gluconate, sodium hexametaphosphate, sodium tripolyphosphate, sodium tartrate, sodium citrate, and sodium formate.
[0026] In this embodiment, the incident light wavelength for the spectrophotometer is selected as 880 nm.
[0027] In this embodiment, a linear equation is used to fit the calibration line. The absorbance of each calibration solution and the fitting equation are shown in Table 1.
[0028] Three groups of mountain sand samples with known mud content were taken according to GB / T 14684-2022 "Construction Sand". After washing and filtering through a 0.075mm sand sieve to remove large particles, 2mL of dispersant was added and shaken well. Deionized water was then added to obtain 50mL of diluted solution, which was ultrasonically dispersed for 1min. The absorbance was measured at an 880nm light source using a spectrophotometer, and the mud content of the washed mountain sand was calculated based on the calibration line. The results were compared with those obtained by the method in this embodiment. The comparison results are shown in Table 2.
[0029] Example 2
[0030] Compared with Example 1, the standing time after washing the mountain sand in Example 2 is different. The specific process is as follows.
[0031] High-mud-content mountain sand provided by a project was washed on a 0.075mm sand sieve. The oversize and undersize materials were collected and dried. According to GB / T 14684-2022 "Construction Sand" mud content testing method, the mud content of the washed mountain sand was determined to be no more than 0.1%, thus obtaining washed mountain sand. 50g of washed mountain sand sample was placed in a 1L beaker, and 0%, 3%, 5%, and 7% dried mud were added respectively. 500g of deionized water was added, and the mixture was stirred and washed for 30s, then allowed to settle for 3min. 5mL of the upper suspension was taken, 2mL of dispersant was added, and the mixture was shaken well. Deionized water was added to obtain 50mL of diluted solution, which was then ultrasonically dispersed for 1min to prepare standard solutions with mud contents of 0%, 3%, 5%, and 7%.
[0032] The dispersant formulation in this embodiment includes 10 parts of powder and 1000 parts of deionized water; wherein the powder includes one or a mixture of sodium gluconate, sodium hexametaphosphate, sodium tripolyphosphate, sodium tartrate, sodium citrate, and sodium formate.
[0033] In this embodiment, the incident light wavelength for the spectrophotometer is selected as 880 nm.
[0034] In this embodiment, a linear equation is used to fit the calibration line. The absorbance of each calibration solution and the fitting equation are shown in Table 1.
[0035] Three groups of mountain sand samples with known mud content were taken according to GB / T 14684-2022 "Construction Sand". After washing and filtering through a 0.075mm sand sieve to remove large particles, 2mL of dispersant was added and shaken well. Deionized water was then added to obtain 50mL of diluted solution, which was ultrasonically dispersed for 1min. The absorbance was measured at an 880nm light source using a spectrophotometer, and the mud content of the washed mountain sand was calculated based on the calibration line. The results were compared with those obtained by the method in this embodiment. The comparison results are shown in Table 2.
[0036] Example 3
[0037] Compared with Example 1, Example 3 has a different incident light wavelength, and the specific process is as follows.
[0038] High-mud-content mountain sand provided by a project was washed on a 0.075mm sand sieve. The oversize and undersize materials were collected and dried. According to GB / T 14684-2022 "Construction Sand" mud content testing method, the mud content of the washed mountain sand was determined to be no more than 0.1%, thus obtaining washed mountain sand. 50g of washed mountain sand sample was placed in a 1L beaker, and 0%, 3%, 5%, and 7% dried mud were added respectively. 500g of deionized water was added, and the mixture was stirred and washed for 30s, then allowed to settle for 30s. 5mL of the upper suspension was taken, 2mL of dispersant was added, and the mixture was shaken well. Deionized water was added to obtain 50mL of diluted solution, which was then ultrasonically dispersed for 1min to prepare standard solutions with mud contents of 0%, 3%, 5%, and 7%.
[0039] The dispersant formulation in this embodiment includes 10 parts of powder and 1000 parts of deionized water; wherein the powder includes one or a mixture of sodium gluconate, sodium hexametaphosphate, sodium tripolyphosphate, sodium tartrate, sodium citrate, and sodium formate.
[0040] In this embodiment, the incident light wavelength for the spectrophotometer is selected as 360mm.
[0041] In this embodiment, a linear equation is used to fit the calibration line. The absorbance of each calibration solution and the fitting equation are shown in Table 1.
[0042] Three groups of mountain sand samples with known mud content were taken according to GB / T 14684-2022 "Construction Sand". After washing and filtering through a 0.075mm sand sieve to remove large particles, 2mL of dispersant was added and shaken well. Deionized water was then added to obtain 50mL of diluted solution, which was ultrasonically dispersed for 1min. The absorbance under a 360mm light source was measured using a spectrophotometer, and the mud content of the washed mountain sand was calculated based on the calibration line. The results were compared with those of the method in this embodiment, and the comparison results are shown in Table 2.
[0043] Comparative Example 1
[0044] Compared with Example 1, Comparative Example 1 did not add a dispersant, and the specific process is as follows.
[0045] High-mud-content mountain sand provided by a project was washed on a 0.075mm sand sieve. The oversize and undersize materials were collected and dried. According to GB / T 14684-2022 "Construction Sand" mud content testing method, the mud content of the washed mountain sand was determined to be no more than 0.1%, thus obtaining washed mountain sand. 50g of washed mountain sand sample was placed in a 1L beaker, and 0%, 3%, 5%, and 7% dried mud were added respectively. 500g of deionized water was added, and the mixture was stirred and washed for 30s, then allowed to settle for 30s. 5mL of the upper suspension was taken, shaken well, and 50mL of deionized water was added to obtain a dilution solution. This solution was then ultrasonically dispersed for 1min to prepare standard solutions with mud contents of 0%, 3%, 5%, and 7%.
[0046] The incident light wavelength for this comparative spectrophotometer was selected as 880 nm.
[0047] This comparative example uses a linear equation to fit the calibration line. The absorbance of each calibration solution and the fitting equation are shown in Table 1.
[0048] Three groups of mountain sand samples with known mud content were taken according to GB / T 14684-2022 "Construction Sand". After washing and filtering through a 0.075mm sand sieve to remove large particles, the samples were shaken well, and 50mL of deionized water was added to obtain a diluted solution. The solution was then ultrasonically dispersed for 1 minute, and the absorbance was measured at an 880nm light source using a spectrophotometer. The mud content of the washed mountain sand was calculated based on the calibration line. The results were compared with those obtained by the method in this embodiment. The comparison results are shown in Table 2.
[0049] Comparative Example 2
[0050] Compared with Example 1, Comparative Example 2 is characterized by direct measurement of the suspension, and the specific process is as follows.
[0051] High-mud-content mountain sand provided by a project was washed on a 0.075mm sand sieve. The oversize and undersize materials were collected and dried. According to GB / T 14684-2022 "Construction Sand" mud content testing method, the mud content of the washed mountain sand was determined to be no more than 0.1%, thus obtaining washed mountain sand. 50g of the washed mountain sand sample was placed in a 1L beaker, and 0%, 3%, 5%, and 7% dried mud were added respectively. 500g of deionized water was added, and the mixture was stirred and washed for 30s, then allowed to settle for 30s. 50mL of the supernatant suspension was taken to prepare standard solutions with mud contents of 0%, 3%, 5%, and 7%.
[0052] This comparative dispersant formulation includes 10 parts powder and 1000 parts deionized water; wherein the powder includes one or a mixture of sodium gluconate, sodium hexametaphosphate, sodium tripolyphosphate, sodium tartrate, sodium citrate, and sodium formate.
[0053] The incident light wavelength for this comparative spectrophotometer was selected as 880 nm.
[0054] This comparative example uses a linear equation to fit the calibration line. The absorbance of each calibration solution and the fitting equation are shown in Table 1.
[0055] Three groups of mountain sand samples with known mud content were taken according to GB / T 14684-2022 "Construction Sand". After washing and filtering through a 0.075mm sand sieve to remove large particles, 50mL of diluted solution was obtained. The absorbance under an 880mm light source was measured using a spectrophotometer, and the mud content of the washed mountain sand was calculated based on the calibration line. The results were compared with those of the method in this embodiment, and the comparison results are shown in Table 2.
[0056] Table 1. Relationship between absorbance and mud content (Abs)
[0057]
[0058] Table 2 Comparison of detection results of this method with traditional methods
[0059]
[0060]
[0061] The test results above show that the detection results of each embodiment are quite close to those of the traditional method. Among them, Example 1 has the best linear fit, and its detection results are basically consistent with those of the traditional method, indicating that the accuracy of this method in detecting mud content is high. Compared with the embodiments, the sample without dispersant has a larger error when detecting high concentrations. At the same time, Example 2, which does not use dispersant and dilution methods, has a large error when detecting mud content at both low and high concentrations.
[0062] The above are all preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Any modifications or equivalent substitutions made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims
1. A rapid method for detecting the mud content in washed mountain sand, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Wash the mountain sand and filter it through a sand sieve. Collect the material on the sieve and the material under the sieve separately, and dry them to obtain washed mountain sand and dried mud samples. S2. Mix the washed mountain sand and dried mud samples in a certain proportion, add deionized water in the same proportion as the production process and stir. After the large particles settle, take the upper suspension, add dispersant, dilute and shake well, and then perform ultrasonic dispersion to prepare standard solutions with different mud contents. S3. The absorbance of the calibration solution with different mud contents under a specific wavelength light source is measured by a spectrophotometer, and a calibration line for mud content and absorbance is established by fitting. S4. Take the suspension from the production process of the washed mountain sand to be tested, filter it through a sand sieve of the same specifications as the sand sieve to remove large particles, add a dispersant, dilute and shake well and ultrasonically disperse, measure the absorbance with a spectrophotometer, and calculate the mud content of the washed mountain sand according to the calibration line.
2. The rapid mud content detection method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S1, the mud content of the washed mountain sand is no more than 0.1%; the drying method for the washed mountain sand and dried mud is to dry them at 105-120℃ until the quality no longer changes.
3. The rapid mud content detection method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S2, the method for preparing the standard solution is as follows: take 50g of the washed mountain sand sample obtained in step S1 and place it in a 1L beaker. Add different amounts of dried mud and deionized water in the same proportion as in the production process. Stir and wash for 20s to 1min, and let it stand to settle for 10s to 3min. Take 5 parts of the upper suspension, add 0 to 2 parts of dispersant and shake well. Add deionized water to obtain 50 parts of diluted solution, and then disperse by ultrasonication to prepare standard solutions with different mud contents.
4. The rapid mud content detection method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S3, the incident light wavelength during spectrophotometer detection is in the range of 300–900 nm; the fitted calibration line should monotonically increase. When the first derivative of absorbance with respect to mud content decreases significantly with increasing mud content, it indicates that the suspension after washing is supersaturated, and the measurement range should be reduced or the settling time after washing should be shortened; the specific formula for the calibration line is as follows: I = f(x) x∈[0, x1) Where I is absorbance, x is mud content, x1 is the upper limit of the calibration line concentration, and f(x) is the relationship between absorbance and mud content, which should increase monotonically.
5. The rapid mud content detection method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The test range for mud content in the sample is adjusted by changing the dilution factor in step S4, as follows: Dilution factor: Formula for calculating mud content: Where B is the dilution factor, I is the absorbance, x is the mud content, x1 is the upper limit of the calibration line concentration, and x2 is the upper limit of the measured concentration after adjustment.
6. The rapid mud content detection method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In steps S2 and S4, the dispersant is colorless and transparent, and can prevent the diluted suspension from undergoing significant sedimentation within 3 hours. The specific formula is as follows: 5-20 parts of powder and 1000 parts of deionized water; wherein the powder includes one or a mixture of sodium gluconate, sodium hexametaphosphate, sodium tripolyphosphate, sodium tartrate, sodium citrate, and sodium formate.
7. The rapid mud content detection method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sand sieve is a 0.075mm sand sieve.