Photon event camera

Abstract

The invention provides a photon event camera, which comprises an acquisition module and a processing display module, and is characterized in that the acquisition module is used for acquiring photon events and comprises an image intensifier, a coupling light cone, a sensor and a gating unit; the image intensifier is used for amplifying an incident weak light signal, the coupling light cone is connected with the image intensifier and the sensor and is used for transmitting the amplified light signal, and the sensor receives and detects the amplified light signal and then outputs a detection signal; the sensor outputs a plurality of pixel event clusters generated by the plurality of photon signals as detection signals to the upper computer; the processing display module identifies a pixel event group formed by a single photon signal as a photon event, identifies a plurality of pixel event groups generated by a plurality of photon signals as a plurality of photon events, and displays and outputs the photon events corresponding to a space coordinate and a time coordinate. The method is suitable for measuring photon signals in a weak light scene, and has single-photon-level sensitivity; and the method is small in generated data volume, low in data volume and suitable for long-time acquisition.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of photon event, in particular to a photon event camera. BACKGROUND

[0002] Event camera, also known as neuromorphic camera or dynamic vision sensor. Each pixel is independent and works asynchronously, and only when the brightness change perceived by the pixel exceeds the preset threshold, the pixel will output a signal, called an "event", and no brightness change occurs. The event camera fundamentally changes the way traditional cameras (based on frames) capture visual information, simulates part of the working principle of the biological visual system (such as the human eye), and focuses on the dynamic changes in the scene.

[0003] The event camera focuses on the dynamic changes in the scene, and only the dynamic changes of the signal can trigger the event camera detection to generate events. Each pixel is independent, and an event will be output as long as the brightness change exceeds the threshold. However, the event camera can only detect regular strong light signals, and is powerless for weak signals or even single-photon-level signals.

[0004] A photon event is a single or small number of photons generating, propagating, interacting and detecting a single physical process. Macroscopic light signals will mask the quantum properties of single photons (such as the random fluctuation of the arrival time of single photons and the correlation properties of entangled photons). Only by recording single photon events can the quantum behavior of photons be "seen" to break through the limitations of macroscopic statistics; In many scenarios, the light signal is extremely weak (such as astronomical observation, biological imaging, quantum communication), and there is no large number of photons for statistics. Only by capturing single photon events can information be obtained to meet the demand of high-precision measurement; Quantum computing, quantum key distribution and other technologies rely on the manipulation and information carrying of single photons, and recording photon events is the basis for realizing "quantum state reading" and "information decoding".

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a photon event camera that focuses on single-photon-level signals in a scene and outputs in the form of photon events to record single-photon events. SUMMARY

[0006] The embodiment of the present application provides a photon event camera which acquires single-photon-level signals and outputs in the form of photon events to record single-photon events.

[0007] The photon event camera provided by the embodiment of the present application comprises an acquisition module and a processing and display module, The acquisition module is used to collect photon events, including an image intensifier, a coupling light cone, a sensor and a gating unit; the image intensifier is used to amplify a weak light signal; the coupling light cone is connected to the image intensifier and the sensor and is used to transmit the amplified light signal; the sensor receives and detects the amplified light signal and then outputs a detection signal; The image intensifier includes a photocathode, a microchannel plate and a phosphor screen; the gating unit is connected to the image intensifier and is used to control the image intensifier to open exposure; The processing and display module is loaded on an upper computer, the upper computer is in communication connection with the acquisition module, the processing and display module acquires the detection signal output by the sensor after the sensor collects the light signal and identifies the detection signal as a photon event output; When a photon event collection signal is received, any photon signal incident on the photocathode is converted into a photoelectron, the photoelectron enters a microchannel of the microchannel plate under the action of an electric field and bombards an inner wall of the microchannel to generate a large number of multiplied electrons, the multiplied electrons bombard the phosphor screen to be converted into a large number of photon signals, the large number of photon signals are transmitted through the coupling light cone to irradiate a photosensitive surface of the sensor; a local area of the photosensitive surface of the sensor is irradiated, when a brightness change detected by any pixel of the sensor exceeds a set threshold value, the pixel generates a pixel event; a plurality of pixel events generated by the local area of the photosensitive surface of the sensor form a pixel event group, the sensor outputs a plurality of pixel event groups generated by a plurality of photon signals as detection signals to the upper computer; the processing and display module identifies a pixel event group formed by a single photon signal as a photon event, identifies a plurality of pixel event groups generated by a plurality of photon signals as a plurality of photon events and displays and outputs the photon events corresponding to spatial coordinates and time coordinates.

[0008] Preferably, the output information of the pixel event includes pixel coordinates, a time stamp and a polarity of a brightness change event detected by the pixel, which is represented as (x, y, t, p), wherein x is a horizontal pixel coordinate, y is a vertical pixel coordinate, t is a time stamp and p is a polarity; when the pixel brightness becomes stronger and the change value exceeds a set threshold value, a positive polarity event is generated, the polarity p = 1, and when the pixel brightness becomes weaker and the change value exceeds a set threshold value, a negative polarity event is generated, the polarity p = 0.

[0009] Preferably, the processing and display module identifies a pixel event group formed by a single photon as a photon event through a spatial clustering algorithm; if the number of pixel events of the pixel event group formed by the single photon in a given neighborhood radius is not less than a set pixel event threshold value, the events are classified into a cluster and are determined as a photon event; the output information of the photon event includes two-dimensional spatial coordinates and a time coordinate (x p , y p , t pSpatial coordinates are defined as the median coordinates of all pixel events within a cluster, i.e., x. p = median(x1, x2, ..., x n ), y p = median(y1, y2, ..., y n The time coordinate is defined as the minimum value of the time coordinates of all pixel events within a cluster, i.e., t. p = minimum(t1, t2, ..., t n ) ; where n is the number of pixel events within a cluster.

[0010] Preferably, the processing and display module uses a density-based clustering algorithm to identify a cluster of pixel events formed by a single photon as a single photon event. It sets parameters such as neighborhood radius ε, pixel event threshold minPts, and time base parameter timebase. Within a pixel region centered on any pixel event and with a neighborhood radius ε, it counts the number of pixel events n within a time distance of ε*timebase. If n ≥ minPts, the pixel event is identified as a core point, and all pixel events within its neighborhood are grouped into a cluster and identified as a single photon event. If n < minPts, all pixel events within the neighborhood do not form a cluster and are not identified as photon events. If a pixel event cannot be grouped into any cluster, it is considered a noise event and discarded. Each identified photon event is marked with its location and timestamp, its time is recorded, and the data is output in chronological order as a photon stream.

[0011] Preferably, the gate control unit is a 3ns gate control unit, and the gate width of the gate control unit is ≥3ns.

[0012] Preferably, the photocathode, the microchannel plate, the fluorescent screen, the coupling light cone, and the sensor are arranged in sequence.

[0013] Preferably, the acquisition module further includes a high-voltage unit and a power supply unit. The high-voltage unit is used to output a high voltage and apply it to both ends of the microchannel plate to control the gain capability of the microchannel plate of the image intensifier. The power supply unit provides operating power to the acquisition module.

[0014] Preferably, the acquisition module further includes a housing, in which the image intensifier, the coupling light cone, and the sensor are arranged sequentially from front to back within the housing. The high-voltage unit is located below the image intensifier, the gating unit is located above the image intensifier, the power supply unit is located on one side of the sensor, and a cooling fan is located on the other side of the sensor.

[0015] Preferably, the housing includes an upper shell, a lower shell, a front shell, and a rear cover plate. The upper shell has heat dissipation holes on both sides corresponding to the cooling fan and the power supply unit. The rear cover plate has multiple connection interfaces.

[0016] Preferably, a front cover is provided on the front side of the front housing, and the front cover is provided with a light entrance window corresponding to the image intensifier.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention have beneficial effects.

[0018] For example, the photon event camera provided by this invention includes an acquisition module and a processing and display module. The acquisition module, used to acquire photon events, includes an image intensifier, a coupling light cone, a sensor, and a gating unit. The image intensifier amplifies the incident weak light signal. The coupling light cone connects the image intensifier and the sensor and is used to transmit the amplified light signal. The sensor receives and detects the amplified light signal and outputs a detection signal. The sensor outputs multiple pixel event clusters generated by multiple photon signals as detection signals to the host computer. The processing and display module identifies a pixel event cluster formed by a single photon signal as a photon event, and identifies multiple pixel event clusters generated by multiple photon signals as multiple photon events, displaying them corresponding to spatial and temporal coordinates. It is suitable for measuring photon signals in weak light scenes and has single-photon-level sensitivity. It is suitable for dynamic target measurement, can record the spatial position and temporal information of each photon event, can capture photon events in any time period, and coherently depict the target's motion trajectory. It only acquires and outputs when there is a photon signal, and does not output when there is no photon signal, resulting in a small amount of data and low data volume, making it suitable for long-term acquisition. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the working principle of the acquisition module of the photon event camera of the present invention. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the photon event detection principle of the photon event camera of the present invention. Figure 3a This is a schematic diagram of the acquisition module of the photon event camera of the present invention; Figure 3b This is a schematic diagram of the acquisition module of the photon event camera of the present invention from another angle; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the disassembled structure of the acquisition module of the photon event camera of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a two-dimensional illustration of the photon event camera recording photon events on a luminous watch according to the present invention. Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional illustration of the photon event camera recording photon events on a luminous watch according to the present invention.

[0020] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1. Front cover plate; 2. Front shell; 3. Pressure ring; 4. Cooling fan; 5. Gating unit; 6. Upper shell; 7. Sensor; 8. Rear cover plate; 9. Power supply unit; 10. High voltage unit; 11. Sleeve; 12. Lower shell; 13. Image intensifier; 13-1. Photocathode; 13-2. Microchannel plate; 13-3. Fluorescent screen; 14. Coupling cone. Detailed Implementation

[0021] To make the objectives, features, and beneficial effects of the present invention more apparent and understandable, specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described below are merely for explaining the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Furthermore, the same or similar reference numerals may be used in the drawings to refer to the same or similar elements in different embodiments, and descriptions of the same or similar elements in different embodiments, as well as descriptions of prior art elements, features, effects, etc., may be omitted.

[0022] Reference Figures 1 to 4 This invention provides a photon event camera.

[0023] Specifically, the photon event camera provided in this embodiment of the invention includes an acquisition module and a processing and display module. The acquisition module, used to acquire photon events, includes an image intensifier 13, a coupling light cone 14, a sensor 7, and a gating unit 5. The image intensifier 13 is used to amplify the incident weak light signal. The coupling light cone 14 connects the image intensifier 13 and the sensor 7 and is used to transmit the amplified light signal. The sensor 7 receives and detects the amplified light signal and then outputs a detection signal. Image intensifier 13 includes photocathode 13-1, microchannel plate 13-2 and fluorescent screen 13-3; gating unit 5 is connected to image intensifier 13 and is used to control the opening of the exposure of image intensifier 13. The processing and display module is installed on the host computer. The host computer is connected to the acquisition module. The processing and display module obtains the detection signal output by the sensor 7 after acquiring the light signal and identifies it as a photon event output. When a photon event acquisition signal is received, any photon signal incident on the photocathode 13-1 is converted into a photoelectron. This photoelectron, under the influence of an electric field, enters the microchannel of the microchannel plate 13-2 and accelerates, bombarding the inner wall of the channel, generating a large number of multiplied electrons. These multiplied electrons bombard the fluorescent screen 13-3, converting into a large number of photon signals. These photon signals are transmitted through the coupling light cone 14 to illuminate the photosensitive surface of the sensor 7. A single photon, after amplification, is converted into a cluster of photons, appearing as a diffuse bright spot. A localized area of ​​the photosensitive surface of the sensor 7 is illuminated, and this illuminated localized area contains… Multiple pixels: When any pixel of sensor 7 detects a brightness change exceeding a set threshold, that pixel generates a pixel event. Multiple pixel events generated in a localized area of ​​the photosensitive surface of sensor 7 form a pixel event cluster. Sensor 7 outputs the multiple pixel event clusters generated by multiple photon signals as detection signals to the host computer. The processing and display module identifies a pixel event cluster formed by a single photon signal as a photon event, and identifies multiple pixel event clusters generated by multiple photon signals as multiple photon events, and displays them corresponding to spatial and temporal coordinates.

[0024] In some embodiments, the output information of a pixel event includes the pixel coordinates, timestamp, and polarity of the brightness change event detected by the pixel, represented as (x, y, t, p), where x is the horizontal coordinate of the pixel, y is the vertical coordinate of the pixel, t is the timestamp, and p is the polarity; when the pixel brightness increases and the change value exceeds a set threshold, a positive polarity event is generated, and the polarity p = 1; when the pixel brightness decreases and the change value exceeds the set threshold, a negative polarity event is generated, and the polarity p = 0.

[0025] Specifically, considering that the appearance of a photon signal first causes a positive polarity event, we will only focus on positive polarity events with polarity p = 1.

[0026] In some embodiments, the processing display module identifies a cluster of pixel events formed by a single photon as a single photon event using a spatial clustering algorithm. If the number of pixel events within a given neighborhood radius of a cluster formed by a single photon is not less than a set pixel event threshold, then these events are grouped into a cluster and determined to be a single photon event. The photon event output information includes two-dimensional spatial coordinates and time coordinates (x, y, z). p , y p , t p Spatial coordinates are defined as the median coordinates of all pixel events within a cluster, i.e., x. p = median(x1, x2, ..., x n ), y p = median(y1, y2, ..., y n The time coordinate is defined as the minimum value of the time coordinates of all pixel events within a cluster, i.e., t.p = minimum(t1, t2, ..., t n ); where n is the number of pixel events within a cluster.

[0027] In some embodiments, the processing display module uses a density-based clustering algorithm to identify a cluster of pixel events formed by a single photon as a single photon event. It sets parameters such as neighborhood radius ε, pixel event threshold minPts, and time base parameter timebase. Within a pixel region centered on any pixel event and with a neighborhood radius ε, it counts the number of pixel events n within a time distance of ε*timebase. If n ≥ minPts, the pixel event is identified as a core point, and all pixel events within its neighborhood are grouped into a cluster and identified as a single photon event. If n < minPts, all pixel events within the neighborhood do not form a cluster and are not identified as photon events. If a pixel event cannot be grouped into any cluster (i.e., does not belong to any cluster), it is considered a noise event and discarded. Each identified photon event is marked with its location and timestamp, its time is recorded, and the data is output in chronological order as a photon stream.

[0028] Specifically, for the extraction of photon events, pixel event data collected over a period of time is first processed by the display module. The processing of this pixel event data employs KDTree (k-dimensional tree) combined with a density-based clustering algorithm. KDTree recursively divides the dataset according to each dimension, constructing a tree structure. The original pixel event data is preprocessed, recursively dividing the data into many small sub-regions. Data that are very close to each other are grouped into one sub-region. Within each sub-region, a density-based clustering algorithm is applied, accelerating the processing of density-based clustering and enabling fast nearest neighbor and range queries.

[0029] For real-time data processing, Euclidean clustering from the PCL library can be used to extract photon events. Euclidean clustering in the PCL library is a connected component clustering algorithm based on Euclidean distance. Its core is to group points that are close together into the same cluster by calculating the spatial distance between points. It also uses KDTree at the underlying level to accelerate neighborhood search and supports dynamic data addition, making it more convenient to process continuously changing data.

[0030] In some embodiments, the gate control unit 5 is a 3ns gate control unit, and the gate width of the gate control unit 5 is ≥3ns.

[0031] In some embodiments, the photocathode 13-1, microchannel plate 13-2, fluorescent screen 13-3, coupling light cone 14 and sensor 7 are arranged sequentially.

[0032] In some embodiments, the acquisition module further includes a high-voltage unit 10 and a power supply unit 9. The high-voltage unit 10 is used to output a high voltage and apply it to both ends of the microchannel plate 13-2 to control the gain capability of the microchannel plate 13-2 of the image intensifier 13. The power supply unit 9 provides operating power to the acquisition module.

[0033] In some embodiments, the acquisition module further includes a housing, in which the image intensifier 13, the coupling light cone 14 and the sensor 7 are arranged sequentially from front to back. The high voltage unit 10 is arranged below the image intensifier 13, the gating unit 5 is arranged above the image intensifier 13, the power supply unit 9 is arranged on one side of the sensor 7, and a cooling fan 4 is arranged on the other side of the sensor 7.

[0034] In some embodiments, the housing includes an upper shell 6, a lower shell 12, a front shell 2, and a rear cover plate 8. The upper shell 6 has heat dissipation holes on both sides corresponding to the cooling fan 4 and the power supply unit 9, and the rear cover plate 8 has multiple connection interfaces.

[0035] Specifically, a pressure ring 3 is provided on the front side of the image intensifier 13, and a sleeve 11 is provided on the outer sleeve of the image intensifier 13 for fixing and protecting the image intensifier 13.

[0036] In some embodiments, a front cover plate 1 is provided on the front side of the front housing 2, and the front cover plate 1 is provided with a light entrance window corresponding to the image intensifier 13.

[0037] The following is a record of photon events using a luminous watch as an example. The watch face and hands are coated with luminous powder, which will glow when illuminated by a light source (phosphorescence phenomenon). The glow lasts for a long time, and the intensity gradually weakens over time.

[0038] The photon event camera provided by this invention was used to record photon signals emitted by a luminous watch for an extended period of 45 minutes. The original pixel event data size was 122MB, while the photon event data size was only 4.39MB. During photon event recognition, the neighborhood radius ε = 2, the pixel event threshold minPts = 3, and the time base parameter timebase = 200, in microseconds.

[0039] The results are recorded as shown in Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown in Figure 5, the photon events of the luminous watch are displayed in a two-dimensional image format, showing 12 time positions and hand images, including the image of the second hand sweeping (less than a full circle), with a recorded time of less than one minute. Figure 6 adds a timeline to display the photon events of the luminous watch in three dimensions, clearly showing the movement trajectories of the minute and second hands, as well as the process of luminous signal attenuation; the number of photon events decreases as time progresses.

[0040] The photon event camera provided by this invention continuously records each photon event on a two-dimensional detection plane in chronological order, outputting when a photon event occurs and not outputting otherwise; it can record photon events within any time period, making it suitable for real-time monitoring and long-term data acquisition. It features high sensitivity, long-term recording, low data volume, and dynamic target measurement, and is applicable to low-light scenarios such as quantum imaging and biomedical imaging.

[0041] In summary, the photon event camera provided by this invention includes an acquisition module and a processing and display module. The acquisition module, used to acquire photon events, includes an image intensifier 13, a coupling light cone 14, a sensor 7, and a gating unit 5. The image intensifier 13 amplifies the incident weak light signal. The coupling light cone 14 connects the image intensifier 13 and the sensor 7 and is used to transmit the amplified light signal. The sensor 7 receives and detects the amplified light signal and outputs a detection signal. The sensor 7 outputs multiple pixel event clusters generated by multiple photon signals as detection signals to the host computer. The processing and display module displays a single... A cluster of pixel events formed by photon signals is identified as a single photon event. Multiple clusters of pixel events generated by multiple photon signals are identified as multiple photon events and displayed corresponding to spatial and temporal coordinates. It is suitable for measuring photon signals in low-light scenarios and has single-photon-level sensitivity. It is suitable for dynamic target measurement, can record the spatial position and temporal information of each photon event, can capture photon events in any time period, and can coherently depict the target's motion trajectory. It only collects and outputs data when there is a photon signal, and does not output data when there is no photon signal, resulting in a small amount of data and making it suitable for long-term acquisition.

[0042] Although specific embodiments have been described above, these embodiments are not intended to limit the scope of the invention, even when only a single embodiment is described with respect to a particular feature. The feature examples provided in this disclosure are intended to be illustrative and not limiting, unless otherwise stated. In practice, one or more technical features of the dependent claims may be combined with the technical features of the independent claims as needed and where technically feasible, and may be derived from the technical features of the respective independent claims in any suitable manner rather than solely by the specific combinations listed in the claims.

[0043] While the present invention has been disclosed above, it is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can make various modifications and alterations without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention; therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope defined in the claims.

Claims

1. A photon event camera, characterized in that, Includes a data acquisition module and a processing and display module. The acquisition module is used to acquire photon events and includes an image intensifier, a coupling light cone, a sensor, and a gating unit. The image intensifier is used to amplify the incident weak light signal. The coupling light cone connects the image intensifier and the sensor and is used to transmit the amplified light signal. The sensor receives and detects the amplified light signal and then outputs a detection signal. The image intensifier includes a photocathode, a microchannel plate, and a fluorescent screen; the gating unit is connected to the image intensifier and is used to control the opening of the image intensifier for exposure. The processing and display module is loaded onto a host computer, which is communicatively connected to the acquisition module. The processing and display module acquires the detection signal output by the sensor after acquiring the light signal and identifies it as a photon event output. When a photon event acquisition signal is received, any photon signal incident on the photocathode is converted into a photoelectron. This photoelectron, under the influence of an electric field, enters the microchannel of the microchannel plate and accelerates, bombarding the inner wall of the channel, generating a large number of multiplying electrons. These multiplying electrons bombard the fluorescent screen, converting into a large number of photon signals. These photon signals are transmitted through the coupling light cone to illuminate the photosensitive surface of the sensor. A localized area of ​​the sensor's photosensitive surface is illuminated. When the brightness change detected by any pixel of the sensor exceeds a set threshold, that pixel generates a pixel event. Multiple pixel events generated in the illuminated localized area of ​​the sensor's photosensitive surface form a pixel event cluster. The sensor outputs the multiple pixel event clusters generated by multiple photon signals as detection signals to the host computer. The processing and display module identifies a pixel event cluster formed by a single photon signal as a single photon event, and identifies multiple pixel event clusters generated by multiple photon signals as multiple photon events, displaying them corresponding to spatial and temporal coordinates.

2. The photon event camera according to claim 1, characterized in that, The output information of the pixel event includes the pixel coordinates, timestamp, and polarity of the brightness change event detected by the pixel, represented as (x, y, t, p), where x is the horizontal coordinate of the pixel, y is the vertical coordinate of the pixel, t is the timestamp, and p is the polarity; when the pixel brightness increases and the change value exceeds a set threshold, a positive polarity event is generated, and the polarity p = 1; when the pixel brightness decreases and the change value exceeds the set threshold, a negative polarity event is generated, and the polarity p = 0.

3. The photon event camera according to claim 2, characterized in that, The processing and display module uses a spatial clustering algorithm to identify a cluster of pixel events formed by a single photon as a single photon event. If the number of pixel events within a given neighborhood radius of a cluster formed by a single photon is not less than a set pixel event threshold, then these events are grouped into a cluster and determined to be a single photon event. The photon event output information includes two-dimensional spatial coordinates and time coordinates (x, y, z). p , y p ,t p Spatial coordinates are defined as the median coordinates of all pixel events within a cluster, i.e., x. p = median(x1, x2, ..., x n ), y p = median(y1, y2, ..., y n The time coordinate is defined as the minimum value of the time coordinates of all pixel events within a cluster, i.e., t. p = minimum(t1, t2, ..., t n ) ; where n is the number of pixel events within a cluster.

4. The photon event camera according to claim 3, characterized in that, The processing and display module employs a density-based clustering algorithm to identify a cluster of pixel events formed by a single photon as a single photon event. It sets parameters such as neighborhood radius ε, pixel event threshold minPts, and time base parameter timebase. Within a pixel region centered on any pixel event and with a neighborhood radius ε, it counts the number n of pixel events with a time distance within ε*timebase. If n ≥ minPts, the pixel event is identified as a core point, and all pixel events within its neighborhood are grouped into a cluster and identified as a single photon event. If n < minPts, all pixel events within the neighborhood do not form a cluster and are not identified as photon events. If a pixel event cannot be grouped into any cluster (i.e., does not belong to any cluster), it is considered a noise event and discarded. Each identified photon event is marked with its location and timestamp, its time is recorded, and the data is output in chronological order as a photon stream.

5. The photon event camera according to claim 1, characterized in that, The gate control unit is a 3ns gate control unit, and the gate width of the gate control unit is ≥3ns.

6. The photon event camera according to claim 1, characterized in that, The photocathode, the microchannel plate, the fluorescent screen, the coupling light cone, and the sensor are arranged in sequence.

7. The photon event camera according to claim 1, characterized in that, The acquisition module also includes a high-voltage unit and a power supply unit. The high-voltage unit is used to output a high voltage and apply it to both ends of the microchannel plate to control the gain capability of the microchannel plate of the image intensifier. The power supply unit provides operating power to the acquisition module.

8. The photon event camera according to claim 7, characterized in that, The acquisition module also includes a housing, in which the image intensifier, the coupling light cone, and the sensor are arranged sequentially from front to back. The high-voltage unit is located below the image intensifier, the gating unit is located above the image intensifier, the power supply unit is located on one side of the sensor, and a cooling fan is located on the other side of the sensor.

9. The photon event camera according to claim 8, characterized in that, The housing includes an upper shell, a lower shell, a front shell, and a rear cover. The upper shell has heat dissipation holes on both sides corresponding to the cooling fan and the power supply unit. The rear cover has multiple connection interfaces.

10. The photon event camera according to claim 9, characterized in that, A front cover plate is provided on the front side of the front housing, and the front cover plate is provided with a light entrance window corresponding to the image intensifier.

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