Battery recovery production line and recovery method

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of battery recycling, and particularly relates to a battery recycling production line and method.The battery recycling production line comprises a recycling line, the recycling line comprises a crushing system, a drying system A, a drying system B, a crushing and sorting system and a tail gas treatment system, and the crushing system is in conveying connection with the drying system A; the drying system A is in conveying connection with the crushing and sorting system and the tail gas treatment system; the drying system A and the crushing and sorting system are in conveying connection with the drying system B, and a powder screening device is arranged between the drying system A and the crushing and sorting system; the powder screening device comprises a frame, a screen, a left guide column, a right guide column, two sleeves and a driving motor, and the sleeve on the right side and the driving motor are both fixed to the drying system B. The device solves the problems that in the current battery recycling technology, the powder screening efficiency cannot be guaranteed during powder screening, the screen is blocked, even the powder screening process is interrupted, and the powder screening efficiency cannot be guaranteed. And the production efficiency is influenced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of battery recycling, specifically relating to a battery recycling production line and recycling method. Background Technology

[0002] The composition of a waste ternary lithium-ion battery cell is a positive electrode, a separator, a negative electrode, an organic electrolyte, and a shell. Its recycling process consists of crushing, two drying stages, crushing and sorting, and exhaust gas treatment. Before the final drying stage, the powder needs to be screened out to recover black powder, thus achieving four core goals: cost control, resource recycling, environmental compliance, and performance reuse. Currently, powder screening methods on the market often experience interruptions due to screen clogging, significantly impacting recovery efficiency and resulting in low screening efficiency. For large-scale recovery, increased screening intensity is necessary to improve efficiency; otherwise, the recovery process may be interrupted. This phenomenon has become a pressing issue for researchers in this field. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a battery recycling production line and recycling method to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0004] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a battery recycling production line and recycling method, comprising a recycling line, wherein the recycling line includes a crushing system, an A drying system, a B drying system, a crushing and sorting system, and a tail gas treatment system; the crushing system and the A drying system are connected by a conveying connection, and the A drying system is connected by a conveying connection to both the crushing and sorting system and the tail gas treatment system; the A drying system and the crushing and sorting system are both connected by a conveying connection to the B drying system, and a powder sieve is provided between the connections; the powder sieve includes a frame, a screen, a left guide column, a right guide column, two sleeves, and a drive motor, with the right side... The sleeve and drive motor are both fixed to the B drying system. The screen is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the frame. The right guide post is integrally formed on the bottom right side of the frame and slidably connected to one of the sleeves. A screw is integrally formed on the bottom left side of the frame. The screw is rotatably connected to the top of the left guide post. The left guide post is slidably connected to the left sleeve, and the left sleeve is fixedly connected to the output end of the drive motor. The outer side of the left guide post is provided with an annular groove, an inclined groove, and a connecting groove. The annular groove, the inclined groove, and the connecting groove are interconnected. A boss is tumbledly connected to the inner wall of the left sleeve, and the boss is embedded in the annular groove.

[0005] The invention further explains that the powder sieve is used to screen out powder materials, the crushing system is connected to a nitrogen conveying system, and the powder undersize from the A drying system, the powder undersize from the crushing and sorting system, and the diaphragm paper all enter the B drying system. The B drying system is used to deeply dry and purify the powder materials, and finally obtain black powder. The inside of the right sleeve is provided with a protruding strip, and the left and right sides of the right guide post are provided with sliding grooves, which are slidably connected to the protruding strip of the right sleeve through the sliding grooves. The speed of the drive motor automatically changes according to the efficiency of the recycling line for recovering batteries, that is, the higher the efficiency of the recycling line for recovering batteries, the faster the speed of the drive motor.

[0006] The present invention further illustrates that a nut is provided on the outer side of the screw, a slider is slidably connected to the bottom outer side of the screw, a spring is provided between the nut and the slider, and the spring is sleeved on the outer side of the screw; an embedding groove is provided on the outer side of the left guide post, the embedding groove is interconnected with the connecting groove and the annular groove, and a top block is slidably connected to the inner wall of the embedding groove, the top block being integrally formed below the slider.

[0007] The present invention further illustrates that the length of the top block is equal to the length of the embedded groove, and the connection between the embedded groove and the annular groove is provided with a rounded corner.

[0008] The present invention further illustrates that the nut is threaded onto the screw.

[0009] The present invention further illustrates that the bottom of the nut and the upper surface of the slider are provided with snap-fit ​​grooves, and the upper and lower ends of the spring are respectively embedded in the snap-fit ​​grooves.

[0010] The present invention further illustrates that the lower surface of the nut has two locking grooves, which are arranged opposite to each other.

[0011] The present invention further explains that the recycling method includes the following steps: Step S1, nitrogen-protected crushing, where the battery is fed into the crushing system while nitrogen is introduced to create an oxygen-free environment for initial crushing; Step S2, primary drying and screening via drying system A, where the crushed material enters drying system A to remove moisture and residual electrolyte, and is then screened by a powder sieve into two parts, one part being the material on the powder sieve, which is sent to the crushing and sorting system for further processing, and the other part being the powder sieved out by the powder sieve, which enters drying system B for secondary processing; Step S3, crushing... In the crushing, sorting, and purification process, the material on the sieve is crushed and sorted again in the crushing and sorting system to separate the metal shell, electrode metal, and diaphragm paper components. The diaphragm paper and the undersize powder generated by this system are sent to the B drying system. In step S4, the powder undersize from the A drying system, the powder undersize from the crushing and sorting system, and the diaphragm paper are sent to the B drying system for deep drying and purification to finally obtain black powder. In step S5, the exhaust gas is treated. The exhaust gas generated in the entire process is sent to the exhaust gas treatment system for purification and is discharged after meeting the standards.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects achieved by the present invention are as follows: The powder sieving device used in the present invention generates inertia and vibration when the screen descends, which speeds up the powder sieving efficiency, improves work efficiency, and avoids screen clogging. Through the continuous rotation of the drive motor, the screen moves up and down continuously, which speeds up the screening of powder and improves production efficiency. Moreover, the overall structure is simple, the manufacturing cost is low, and it is applicable to all powder sieving devices with a wide range of applications. The drive motor rotates continuously, and the sliding block applies steering torque to the spring through the locking groove, causing the left guide post to collide with the boss when it quickly resets, increasing the intensity of vibration. At the same time, the screen shakes slightly from side to side, thereby further improving the efficiency of screening. The screening process involves up-down and left-right movements, which increases the screening speed while minimizing screen clogging. Attached Figure Description

[0013] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the invention and form part of the specification. They are used in conjunction with embodiments of the invention to explain the invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the recycling line of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the powder sieving device of the present invention; Figure 3 This is an exploded view of the powder sieving device of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the powder sieving device of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the left guide post of the present invention; Figure 6This is an exploded view of the left guide post of the present invention; In the diagram: 1. Frame; 2. Screen; 3. Left guide post; 31. Circular groove; 32. Inclined groove; 33. Connecting groove; 34. Embedded groove; 4. Right guide post; 5. Sleeve; 51. Boss; 6. Screw; 61. Nut; 62. Slider; 621. Top block; 63. Spring; 64. Snap-fit ​​groove. Detailed Implementation

[0014] The following detailed, non-limiting description of the technical solution of the present invention, in conjunction with preferred embodiments and accompanying drawings, is provided. Obviously, the described embodiments are merely some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0015] Please see Figures 1-6 The present invention provides a technical solution: a battery recycling production line and recycling method, including a recycling line, which includes a crushing system, an A drying system, a B drying system, a crushing and sorting system, and a tail gas treatment system. The crushing system and the A drying system are connected by a conveying connection, and the A drying system is connected by a conveying connection to the crushing and sorting system and the tail gas treatment system respectively. The A drying system and the crushing and sorting system are both connected to the B drying system via conveyor systems, and a powder screen is installed between the connections. The powder sieving device includes a frame 1, a screen 2, a left guide post 3, a right guide post 4, two sleeves 5, and a drive motor. The right sleeve 5 and the drive motor are fixed to the B drying system. The screen 2 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the frame 1. The right guide post 4 is integrally formed on the bottom right side of the frame 1 and is slidably connected to one of the sleeves 5. A screw 6 is integrally formed on the bottom left side of the frame 1. The screw 6 is rotatably connected to the top of the left guide post 3. The left guide post 3 is slidably connected to the left sleeve 5, and the left sleeve 5 is fixedly connected to the output end of the drive motor. The outer side of the left guide post 3 is provided with an annular groove 31, an inclined groove 32, and a connecting groove 33. The annular groove 31, the inclined groove 32, and the connecting groove 33 are interconnected. A boss 51 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the left sleeve 5, and the boss 51 is embedded in the annular groove 31. After passing through the drying system and crushing and sorting system, the material falls onto the sieve and is sieved through the screen 2. During the sieving process, the drive motor runs, causing the left sleeve 5 to rotate, which in turn causes the internal boss 51 to rotate. The boss 51 slides within the annular groove 31. When it slides to the inclined groove 32, it applies an upward axial force to the left guide post 3, causing the left guide post 3 to move upward. The left guide post 3 drives the frame 1 to move upward via the screw 6. The frame 1 then drives the screen 2 and the right guide post 4 to move upward synchronously. When the boss 51 slides to the connecting groove 33, the drive motor stops rotating, and the left guide post 3 loses its axial force support. The screen 2 descends rapidly until the boss 51 enters the upper end of the connecting groove 33. Then the drive motor runs again, and the screen 2 re-enters the annular groove 31. This causes the screen 2 to generate inertia and vibration as it descends. The drive motor cycles through the above pattern, causing the screen 2 to move up and down repeatedly, which speeds up the screening process, improves work efficiency, and prevents the screen 2 from clogging. Through the continuous rotation of the drive motor, the screen 2 moves up and down continuously, which speeds up the screening of powder and improves production efficiency. The overall structure is simple, the manufacturing cost is low, and it is applicable to all powder screeners with a wide range of applications. The boss 51 is rolled inside the sleeve 5. When the boss 51 moves along the inner wall of the annular groove 31, the inclined groove 32 and the connecting groove 33, it rolls itself, so the movement process is smoother. Especially when sliding on the inner wall of the connecting groove 33, since the boss 51 and the inner wall of the connecting groove 33 are rolling friction, the friction coefficient is low, the operation is smoother, and the phenomenon of jamming or stuck can be fully avoided.

[0016] The powder screener is used to screen out powder. The crushing system is connected to a nitrogen conveying system. The powder undersize from the A drying system, the powder undersize from the crushing and sorting system, and the diaphragm paper enter the B drying system together. The B drying system is used to deeply dry and purify the powder and finally obtain black powder. The inside of the right sleeve 5 is provided with a protrusion. The left and right sides of the right guide post 4 are provided with sliding grooves, which are slidably connected to the protrusion of the right sleeve 5 through the sliding grooves. The speed of the drive motor changes automatically according to the efficiency of the battery recycling line; that is, the higher the efficiency of the battery recycling line, the faster the speed of the drive motor. When the right guide post 4 moves upward, it engages with the slide groove through the boss to improve the stability of the screen 2 when it moves up and down, thereby improving the screening effect. At the same time, the higher the production efficiency, the faster the speed of the drive motor, and the higher the frequency of the screen 2's up and down vibration, thus increasing the screening efficiency. This effectively avoids the phenomenon of reduced screening efficiency due to blockage during the screening process, ensuring the continuous operation of the screening process. Conversely, if the production efficiency decreases, the speed of the drive motor can be reduced while ensuring smooth screening, thereby reducing energy consumption and saving costs.

[0017] A nut 61 is provided on the outer side of the screw 6, and a slider 62 is slidably connected to the outer bottom of the screw 6. A spring 63 is provided between the nut 61 and the slider 62, and the spring 63 is sleeved on the outer side of the screw 6. An embedding groove 34 is provided on the outer side of the left guide post 3. The embedding groove 34 is interconnected with the connecting groove 33 and the annular groove 31. A top block 621 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the embedding groove 34. The top block 621 is integrally formed below the slider 62.

[0018] The length of the top block 621 is equal to the length of the embedded groove 34, and the connection between the embedded groove 34 and the annular groove 31 is provided with a rounded corner; When the boss 51 slides to the position of the connecting groove 33, it slides quickly along the inner wall of the connecting groove 33 until it hits the top block 621. The top block 621 vibrates after being impacted and is subjected to force, which causes the slider 62 to apply a squeezing force to the spring 63. Then the spring 63 generates a reaction force to push the slider 62 to reset, thereby driving the top block 621 to reset and pushing the boss 51 out of the embedded groove 34 again. On the one hand, this increases the sliding stroke of the boss 51 in the connecting groove 33 to improve the inertial strength, thereby improving the strength of the powder screening. On the other hand, it applies appropriate buffering to avoid excessive wear of the boss 51, which would affect the service life of the structure. Meanwhile, the rounded corners between the embedded groove 34 and the annular groove 31 allow the boss 51 to smoothly enter the annular groove 31, ensuring continuous powder screening. The deformation of the spring 63 causes the boss 51 to quickly reset, and the screen 2 to shake up and down twice. The first shaking is a high-intensity up and down, and the second shaking is a small-amplitude up and down, further increasing the powder screening speed.

[0019] Nut 61 is threaded onto screw 6; The operator can use a wrench to turn nut 61, thereby changing the force exerted by nut 61 on spring 63. If the screening strength needs to be increased, nut 61 is rotated upward, spring 63 loosens, the stroke of boss 51 is further increased, and the screening strength is further improved. Conversely, if the production efficiency is low, the screening strength is appropriately reduced. In this case, nut 61 is rotated in the opposite direction, causing it to move downward, spring 63 tightens, the screening strength is reduced, but the vibration intensity increases at the same time. This can reduce the wear of boss 51 and improve its service life, while the high vibration intensity ensures smooth operation of the screening process.

[0020] Both the bottom of the nut 61 and the upper surface of the slider 62 are provided with snap-fit ​​grooves 64, and the upper and lower ends of the spring 63 are respectively embedded in the snap-fit ​​grooves 64.

[0021] The lower surface of the nut 61 has two locking grooves 64, which are arranged opposite to each other; When the boss 51 enters the embedding groove 34, the drive motor rotates continuously, causing the boss 51 to press against the inner wall of the embedding groove 34, thereby driving the left guide post 3 to generate a steering force. The locking groove 64 of the slider 62 applies a steering torque to the spring 63. The locking groove 64 below the nut 61 limits the upper end of the spring 63, causing the spring 63 to twist and deform until the steering force continues to increase. The spring 63 slides into the annular groove 31 through the rounded corner. After the spring 63 twists, it resets, causing the left guide post 3 to quickly reset and collide with the boss 51, increasing the intensity of the vibration. At the same time, the screen 2 shakes slightly from side to side, thereby further improving the efficiency of sieving. The sieving process involves up-down and left-right movements, which increases the sieving speed while minimizing the risk of screen 2 clogging. If the screen 2 is still clogged after the above operation, since the broken battery material cannot be touched directly and the screen 2 cannot be touched directly, the nut 61 is turned frequently in both directions by using a wrench to twist the upper end of the spring 63 in the locking groove 64 of the nut 61 until it is embedded in another locking groove 64. Repeat this operation to make the screen 2 shake slightly from side to side, so that it can be manually cleared. The operation is convenient. The powder sieve has a simple overall structure, low manufacturing cost, and is easy to assemble and disassemble, and its maintenance is also relatively convenient and quick.

[0022] The steps of the recycling method include: Step S1: Nitrogen-protected crushing. The battery is sent into the crushing system while nitrogen is introduced to create an oxygen-free environment, which prevents short circuits, electrolyte evaporation or electrode material oxidation, and completes the initial crushing process. Step S2: The material is dried and screened in the A drying system. The crushed material enters the A drying system to remove moisture and residual electrolyte. After being screened by the powder screener, it is divided into two parts. One part is the material on the powder screener, which is sent to the crushing and sorting system for further processing. The other part is the powder screened out by the powder screener, which enters the B drying system for secondary processing. Step S3: Crushing, sorting and purification. The material on the sieve is crushed and sorted again in the crushing and sorting system to separate the metal shell, electrode metal and diaphragm paper components. The diaphragm paper and the undersize powder generated by the system are sent to the B drying system together. Step S4: Secondary drying and powdering are carried out through drying system B. The powder screened out of drying system A, the powder screened out of crushing and sorting system, and the diaphragm paper enter drying system B together to complete deep drying and purification, and finally obtain black powder (electrode active materials, such as ternary materials, graphite, etc.). Step S5: Exhaust gas treatment. The exhaust gas (including electrolyte volatiles, dust, etc.) generated in the entire process is sent to the exhaust gas treatment system for purification and is discharged after meeting the standards.

[0023] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this invention, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

[0024] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features, and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A battery recycling production line comprising a recycling line, characterized in that: The recovery line comprises a crushing system, an A drying system, a B drying system, a crushing and sorting system and a tail gas treatment system, the crushing system is connected with the A drying system through conveying, the A drying system is connected with the crushing and sorting system and the tail gas treatment system through conveying respectively, and the A drying system is connected with the B drying system through conveying. The A drying system and the crushing and sorting system are connected with the B drying system through conveying, and a powder screening device is arranged between the A drying system and the B drying system. The powder screening device comprises a frame (1), a screen (2), a left guide column (3), a right guide column (4), two sleeves (5) and a driving motor, the right sleeve (5) and the driving motor are fixed on the B drying system, the screen (2) is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the frame (1), the right guide column (4) is integrally formed on the right bottom of the frame (1) and is slidably connected in one of the sleeves (5), a screw rod (6) is integrally formed on the left bottom of the frame (1), the screw rod (6) is rotatably connected above the left guide column (3), the left guide column (3) is slidably connected in the left sleeve (5), the left sleeve (5) is fixedly connected with the output end of the driving motor, a ring groove (31), an inclined groove (32) and a connecting groove (33) are arranged on the outer side of the left guide column (3) and are in communication with each other, a convex platform (51) is rotatably connected on the inner wall of the left sleeve (5) and is embedded in the ring groove (31).

2. The battery recycling production line of claim 1, wherein: The powder screening device is used for screening powder, the crushing system is connected with a nitrogen conveying system, the undersize powder of the A drying system, the undersize powder of the crushing and sorting system and a diaphragm paper are jointly fed into the B drying system, the B drying system is used for deep drying and purification of the powder and finally obtains black powder, the inside of the right sleeve (5) is provided with a convex strip, the left and right sides of the right guide column (4) are provided with a sliding groove and are slidably connected with the convex strip of the right sleeve (5) through the sliding groove, The rotating speed of the driving motor is automatically changed according to the efficiency of the battery recovery line, that is, the higher the efficiency of the battery recovery line, the faster the rotating speed of the driving motor.

3. The battery recycling production line of claim 2, wherein: A nut (61) is arranged on the outer side of the screw rod (6), a sliding block (62) is slidably connected on the bottom outer side of the screw rod (6), a spring (63) is arranged between the nut (61) and the sliding block (62) and is sleeved on the outer side of the screw rod (6). An embedded groove (34) is arranged on the outer side of the left guide column (3) and is in communication with the connecting groove (33) and the ring groove (31), a top block (621) is slidably connected on the inner wall of the embedded groove (34), and the top block (621) is integrally formed below the sliding block (62).

4. The battery recycling production line of claim 3, wherein: The length of the top block (621) is equal to the length of the embedded groove (34), and a rounded corner is arranged at the connection between the embedded groove (34) and the ring groove (31).

5. The battery recycling production line of claim 4, wherein: The nut (61) is threadedly connected on the screw rod (6).

6. The battery recycling production line of claim 5, wherein: The bottom of the nut (61) and the upper surface of the sliding block (62) are provided with clamping grooves (64), and the upper and lower ends of the spring (63) are embedded in the clamping grooves (64).

7. A battery recycling production line according to claim 6, characterized in that: The clamping grooves (64) of the lower surface of the nut (61) are provided with two and are oppositely arranged.

8. A recycling method of a battery recycling production line according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steps of the recycling method include: Step S1, nitrogen protection crushing, the battery is sent into the crushing system, and nitrogen is introduced to create an anaerobic environment, and preliminary crushing is completed; Step S2, first-stage drying and screening are performed through an A drying system, the crushed material enters the A drying system, water and residual electrolyte are removed through drying, and after screening by a powder screening device, the material is divided into two parts, one part is the material on the powder screening device and is sent into a crushing and sorting system for further processing, and the other part is the powder screened by the powder screening device and enters a B drying system for secondary processing; Step S3, crushing and sorting purification, the material on the powder screening device is crushed and sorted again in the crushing and sorting system, and metal shells, electrode metals and diaphragm paper components are separated, wherein the diaphragm paper and the undersize powder generated by the system are sent into the B drying system together; Step S4, second-stage drying and powder making are performed through the B drying system, the undersize powder of the A drying system, the undersize powder of the crushing and sorting system and the diaphragm paper are jointly sent into the B drying system to complete deep drying and purification, and finally black powder is obtained; Step S5, tail gas treatment, tail gas generated in the whole process is uniformly sent into a tail gas treatment system for purification, and is discharged after reaching the standard.

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