Variable-aperture screen belt device and design optimization method thereof

Abstract

The invention provides a variable-aperture screen belt device and a design optimization method thereof, and relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, the variable-aperture screen belt device comprises a driving assembly arranged on the driving end side of the variable-aperture screen belt device and used for driving a screen belt to circularly operate along a preset track; the fixed adjusting frame comprises an auxiliary plate, an adjusting plate and a matched shaft cover, the auxiliary plate is used for supporting the driving assembly, and the adjusting plate is provided with a guide groove and a sliding groove; and the variable-aperture screen belt is tensioned between the auxiliary plate and the adjusting plate and is formed by hinging a plurality of chain sheet units end to end. The technical problems that in the prior art, a fixed-aperture separating screen is low in separating efficiency and high in loss rate, and crops are damaged are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of agricultural machinery, and in particular to a variable aperture screen belt device and its design optimization method. Background Technology

[0002] In the mechanized harvesting of rhizomes and other medicinal materials, the harvested material is often mixed with impurities such as soil clods and stones, and the corms are sensitive to the size of the sieve holes due to their diverse shapes (such as spherical and oval).

[0003] However, traditional separators often use fixed aperture structures, which can easily lead to small bulbs passing through the screen and large bulbs clogging the screen. They are difficult to adapt to the needs of different crops or operation stages, and are prone to problems such as low separation efficiency, high loss rate and crop damage.

[0004] Currently, the industry lacks devices that can automatically / semi-automatically adjust the screen aperture during screen operation. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a variable aperture screen belt device that can dynamically adjust the screen aperture size. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention addresses the technical problems of low separation efficiency, high loss rate, and crop damage caused by fixed aperture separation screens in the prior art by providing a variable aperture screen belt device and its design optimization method.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is as follows: In a first aspect, the present invention provides a variable aperture screen belt device, comprising: The drive assembly is located on the drive end side of the variable aperture screen belt device and is used to drive the screen belt to rotate cyclically along a preset trajectory. A fixed adjustment frame includes an auxiliary plate, an adjustment plate, and a matching shaft cover. The auxiliary plate is used to support the drive assembly. The adjustment plate has a guide groove and a sliding groove. The shaft cover is assembled at the end of the rotating shaft and serves to protect, position, and seal. The variable aperture screen belt, tensioned between the auxiliary plate and the adjustment plate, is composed of multiple chain link units hinged end to end.

[0007] Secondly, the present invention provides a design optimization method for a variable aperture screen belt device, comprising: Assemble the drive assembly, fixed adjustment frame, variable aperture screen belt and elastic thrust assembly to make the guide plate of the transverse adjustment layer fit with the guide groove of the adjustment plate and the wing plate of the longitudinal adjustment layer fit with the sliding groove of the adjustment plate, so as to ensure that the screen belt can circulate stably. The Sigmoid function is used as the lateral offset control function of the guide groove, and the combination function of the inverse parabola and trigonometric functions is used as the angle change function of the longitudinal adjustment layer. The longitudinal height function of the chute is obtained by combining the length of the longitudinal adjustment layer. An exponential growth function is used as the target control function for screening quality. The actual screening quality is collected by sensors, and the quality deviation is calculated by combining it with the preset expected screening quality. When the quality deviation is greater than a preset threshold, adjust the parameters of the lateral offset control function and the longitudinal height function of the chute, or replace the adjustment plate module with one that is adapted to the working conditions, until the quality deviation is less than the preset threshold.

[0008] The beneficial effects of this invention are: Compared to existing technologies, this application firstly uses a drive component to drive the screen belt to circulate along a preset trajectory, providing stable power for the variable aperture screen belt device and ensuring the stable implementation of the device's screening function. Secondly, a fixed adjustment frame provides stable structural support for the variable aperture screen belt device, laying the foundation for the circulatory operation of the screen belt and the dynamic adjustment of the screen aperture. Finally, the variable aperture screen belt achieves stable operation by being tensioned between the auxiliary plate and the adjustment plate, and its design of multiple chain link units with hinged ends adapts to the closed-loop circulation trajectory, realizing dynamic adjustment of the screen aperture and material screening.

[0009] Through the above technical solution, this application constructs a variable aperture screen belt device including a drive component, a fixed adjustment frame, and a variable aperture screen belt. This achieves the basic function of stable cyclic operation of the screen belt along a preset trajectory. By adapting the variable aperture screen belt to the closed-loop operation trajectory, it solves the pain points of adaptability and stability of traditional fixed screens. It realizes dynamic adjustment of screen aperture, improves the screening efficiency of root and rhizome medicinal materials, reduces the damage rate of medicinal materials, and can be adapted to different working conditions such as sandy soil / clay.

[0010] Furthermore, this application achieves intelligent, precise, and highly adaptable screening performance of the variable aperture screen belt device through a closed-loop design involving precise assembly, function control, real-time quantitative monitoring, and closed-loop dynamic adjustment. Specific technical effects are as follows: First, standardized assembly ensures tight fit between the transverse adjustment layer guide plate and the adjustment plate guide groove, and between the longitudinal adjustment layer wing plate and the adjustment plate slide groove, laying a mechanical foundation for stable belt circulation and subsequent precise adjustment, avoiding adjustment failures or operational deviations caused by component clearances. Second, by specifically selecting the Sigmoid function to adapt to the transverse adjustment requirements, combining the inverse parabola and trigonometric functions to match the longitudinal adjustment pattern, and using the exponential growth function to align with the objective trend of screening quality, the screen aperture adjustment rhythm is highly matched to the screening process. This system reduces impact on medicinal materials to lower breakage rates while ensuring screening efficiency. Simultaneously, by utilizing image sensors installed at the discharge end and combining them with image recognition algorithms, it quantifies cleanliness and breakage rates into actual screening quality scores ranging from 0 to 100 points. This solves the problems of difficulty in quantifying traditional screening quality and large subjective judgment errors, providing accurate data support for deviation calculation. Finally, by adjusting parameters or replacing modules within a closed-loop logic, it can flexibly adapt to different operating conditions and medicinal material characteristics, ensuring that the screening quality of the variable aperture screen belt device consistently approaches the ideal target throughout the entire operating cycle. This improves the screening efficiency of root and rhizome medicinal materials, reduces clogging and missed screening, lowers the breakage rate of medicinal materials, and broadens the range of adaptable operating conditions, overcoming the technical pain points of traditional fixed aperture screens, such as rigid adjustment, uncontrollable quality, and poor adaptability. Attached Figure Description

[0011] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of an axonometric view of a variable aperture screen belt device provided by the present invention; Figure 2 This is a front view of a variable aperture screen belt device provided by the present invention; Figure 3 Left view of a variable aperture screen belt device provided by the present invention; Figure 4 A top view of a variable aperture screen belt device provided by the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the chain link unit in a variable aperture screen belt device provided by the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the wing plate structure in the chain link unit of a variable aperture screen belt device provided by the present invention; Figure 7 This is a flowchart illustrating the design optimization method for a variable aperture screen belt device provided by the present invention.

[0012] In the attached diagram, the components represented by each number are as follows: Drive assembly 11, auxiliary plate 12, sprocket 13, longitudinal baffle 14, adjusting plate 15, transverse baffle 16, screen layer 17, shaft cover 18, transverse adjusting layer 21, compression rod 22, compression spring 23, wing 24, guide plate 25, torsion spring 26. Detailed Implementation

[0013] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0014] In the description of this invention, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the stated features. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0015] In the description of this invention, the term "for example" is used to mean "used as an example, illustration, or description." Any embodiment described as "for example" in this invention is not necessarily to be construed as being more preferred or advantageous than other embodiments. The following description is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make and use the invention. Details are set forth in the following description for purposes of explanation. It should be understood that those skilled in the art will recognize that the invention can be made without using these specific details. In other instances, well-known structures and processes will not be described in detail to avoid obscuring the description of the invention with unnecessary detail. Therefore, the invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown, but is consistent with the broadest scope of the principles and features disclosed herein.

[0016] Example 1, as Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a variable aperture screen belt device, comprising: The variable aperture screen belt device mainly consists of a drive assembly, a fixed adjustment frame, and a variable aperture screen belt. The operation process is as follows: The drive assembly is activated, driving the variable aperture screen belt, which is tensioned between the auxiliary plate and the adjustment plate of the fixed adjustment frame, to circulate along a preset trajectory. During operation, the elastic thrust assembly provides thrust towards the adjustment plate to the transverse adjustment layer, ensuring that the guide plates of the transverse adjustment layer remain in close contact with the guide grooves of the adjustment plate. As the screen belt moves, the changing contour of the guide grooves forces the transverse adjustment layer to slide relative to the screen layer through the slots on both sides, altering the overlapping area of ​​the complementary openings between the screen layer and the transverse adjustment layer, thereby adjusting the effective width and spacing of the screen holes. Simultaneously, the longitudinal... The wing plate of the adjusting layer is closely attached to the slide groove of the adjusting plate. As the screen belt moves, the height of the slide groove gradually increases, pushing the wing plate to overcome the pre-tightening force of the elastic reset component, so that the longitudinal adjusting layer rotates around the hinge axis within the range of 0°-90°, adjusting the effective length of the screen hole or closing the screen hole. When the wing plate disengages from the slide groove, the torsion spring drives the longitudinal adjusting layer to reset to the open position with a 90° angle with the screen plate layer. The screen plate layer has a gradient of large to small aperture along the screen belt running direction. When the material is conveyed from the feed end to the discharge end with the screen belt, it is first initially separated into large-sized impurities through the large aperture, and then finely separated into soil clods through the dynamically adjusted screen holes in the transverse and longitudinal directions, ultimately achieving efficient screening while avoiding material blockage and damage.

[0017] Specifically, the drive component is located on the drive end side of the variable aperture screen belt device and is used to drive the screen belt to circulate along a preset trajectory.

[0018] In this embodiment, a DC drive motor can be used as the drive component. The drive component is installed on the drive end side of the variable aperture screen belt device, corresponding to the installation position of the auxiliary plate in the fixed adjustment frame. It is the power core of the variable aperture screen belt device. The motor output end is connected to the sprocket on the auxiliary plate side. The sprocket and the screen belt mesh precisely. This installation layout is close to the material feed end, which can avoid the accumulation of material at the feed inlet. It can also reduce power loss through the short-distance transmission of the DC drive motor, sprocket, and screen belt, and ensure the synchronicity of power transmission and the stability of meshing transmission.

[0019] The preset trajectory is a closed path supported by an auxiliary plate (driving end) and an adjusting plate (driven end): from the auxiliary plate to the adjusting plate, it is horizontal or slightly inclined, allowing the material to move slowly to achieve grading and screening. Then, it returns from the adjusting plate to the auxiliary plate through the bottom of the device, completing the screen belt cycle reset. Only when the screen belt runs stably along this trajectory can the guide plate of the transverse adjusting layer continuously slide against the guide groove of the adjusting plate, and the wing plate of the longitudinal adjusting layer move along the chute, thereby realizing the dynamic adjustment of the screen holes in the transverse (width / hole spacing) and longitudinal (length / opening / closing).

[0020] Meanwhile, the speed stability of the DC drive motor directly affects the screening quality. A stable speed can ensure that the screen belt runs at a uniform pace, avoid the decrease in the screen hole adjustment accuracy due to speed fluctuations, and also prevent the medicinal materials from being damaged by violent tumbling on the screen surface.

[0021] In summary, compared with the prior art, this application drives the screen belt to circulate along a preset trajectory through a drive component, providing stable power for the variable aperture screen belt device and ensuring the stable realization of the device's screening function.

[0022] Specifically, the fixed adjustment frame includes an auxiliary plate, an adjustment plate, and a matching shaft cover. The auxiliary plate is used to support the drive assembly, the adjustment plate has a guide groove and a sliding groove, and the shaft cover is assembled at the end of the rotating shaft to provide protection, positioning, and sealing.

[0023] The fixed adjustment frame is the load-bearing structure of the variable aperture screen belt device, mainly composed of an auxiliary plate, an adjustment plate, and matching shaft covers. The auxiliary plate and adjustment plate are symmetrically distributed at both ends of the variable aperture screen belt device. The shaft covers, as supporting auxiliary components of the fixed adjustment frame, are assembled at the corresponding positions of the rotating shafts at both ends, together providing a stable installation benchmark for the entire device. They support the drive assembly, the variable aperture screen belt, and other components, ensuring that the device does not shift during operation. At the same time, the guide grooves and slides on the adjustment plate serve as mechanical adjustment interfaces, providing a key structural foundation for the dynamic adjustment of the screen aperture.

[0024] The auxiliary plate is the drive-end component of the fixed adjustment frame, used to support the drive assembly. The auxiliary plate secures the drive assembly to the drive end of the variable aperture screen belt device via bolts or other mechanical connections, preventing the drive assembly from shaking during high-speed operation or work and preventing power transmission misalignment. Simultaneously, the auxiliary plate works in conjunction with the adjustment plate to tension the variable aperture screen belt, providing the necessary tension support for the screen belt to circulate along the preset trajectory. Furthermore, the auxiliary plate is equipped with a shaft cover that fits the end of the sprocket shaft of the drive assembly. By covering the connection between the shaft and the bearing, it achieves a dustproof seal, restricts axial displacement of the shaft, ensures the precise meshing of the sprocket and the screen belt, and prevents misalignment during transmission.

[0025] The adjusting plate is the core adjusting component of the fixed adjusting frame. The guide grooves and chutes on the adjusting plate correspond to the horizontal and vertical screen aperture adjustment requirements, respectively. The guide grooves are adapted to the guide plates of the horizontal adjusting layer. When the screen belt is running, the guide plates slide along the guide grooves. Changes in the horizontal contour of the guide grooves (such as gentle or steep curves) force the horizontal adjusting layer to slide relative to the screen plate layer, changing the overlap area of ​​the two layers of openings, thus adjusting the effective width and spacing of the screen apertures. The chutes are adapted to the wing plates of the vertical adjusting layer. When the screen belt is running, the wing plates slide along the chutes. Changes in the height of the chutes (such as a gradient from low to high) push the wing plates to overcome the torsion spring preload, causing the vertical adjusting layer to rotate around the hinge axis, thus adjusting the effective length and opening / closing state of the screen apertures. The geometry of the guide grooves and chutes directly determines the trajectory and amplitude of the screen aperture adjustment, which is key to the dynamic aperture adjustment achieved by the adjusting plate. In addition, the side of the adjustment plate is equipped with a shaft cover, which is set at the end of the hinge shaft of the variable aperture screen belt. This serves to protect the shaft and prevent material debris from entering, ensuring that the screen belt hinge rotates flexibly.

[0026] Furthermore, the adjustment plate is a replaceable module, and the guide groove contour and slide height of different adjustment plates are adapted to different working conditions, wherein the working conditions include at least sandy soil conditions and clay soil conditions.

[0027] In this embodiment of the application, the adjustment plate is designed as a replaceable module to meet the different screening requirements under different working conditions.

[0028] Sandy soil and clay soil conditions require different adjustment plates due to their inherent characteristics. Specifically: Sandy soil has small particles and low viscosity, so it does not require high-intensity vibration or large sieve opening, otherwise small-sized medicinal materials may be missed during sieving; Clay soil is highly viscous and prone to clumping, so it requires stronger vibration (to break up clumps) and a larger sieve opening (to allow broken soil to fall), otherwise the cleanliness will be low and it will be easy to clog.

[0029] Therefore, different adjustment plates are designed with differentiated guide groove contours and chute heights to adapt to corresponding working conditions. For example, the adjustment plate adapted for sandy soil conditions has a gentle guide groove and a slow chute height increase, while the adjustment plate adapted for clay soil conditions has a steep guide groove and a fast chute height increase. This design requires no modification to other structures of the device; the screening mode can be quickly switched simply by replacing the adjustment plate. It is low-cost, highly adaptable, and effectively meets the needs of different operating scenarios.

[0030] In summary, compared with the prior art, this application provides stable structural support for the variable aperture screen belt device through a fixed adjustment frame. The auxiliary plate ensures stable power transmission through the support drive components, and the adjustment plate, through the opening of guide grooves and slides, together with the shaft cover to protect and position the hinge shaft, provides a matching structure for the transverse adjustment layer and the longitudinal adjustment layer, which together lay the foundation for the cyclic operation of the screen belt and the dynamic adjustment of the screen aperture.

[0031] Specifically, the variable aperture screen belt, tensioned between the auxiliary plate and the adjustment plate, is composed of multiple chain link units hinged end to end.

[0032] The variable aperture screen belt is the core actuator of the variable aperture screen belt device to realize material separation and dynamic adjustment of aperture. The auxiliary plate (driving end) and the adjustment plate (driven end) are tensioned by the tensioning structure (such as tensioning wheel and fastening bolt) to ensure that the screen belt does not loosen or deviate when it circulates along the preset track, and to prevent the horizontal / longitudinal adjustment layer from disengaging from the groove of the adjustment plate.

[0033] Composed of multiple chain link units hinged end to end, the screen belt can flexibly adapt to the closed-loop trajectory of the conveying section (horizontal / slightly inclined) and the return section (bottom folding back), avoiding rigid breakage, and allowing each chain link unit to perform hole adjustment action synchronously, ensuring uniform adjustment of the hole diameter of the entire screen and preventing local screening or blockage.

[0034] Furthermore, such as Figure 5 As shown, each of the chain segments includes: The screen layer has openings for screening in a gradient of large to small apertures along the direction of screen belt operation; A horizontal adjustment layer is provided below the sieve layer, and is equipped with guide plates. The guide plates are adapted to the guide grooves of the adjustment plate and slide relative to the sieve layer through the slots on both sides. The longitudinal adjustment layer is rotatably connected to the screen layer via a hinge shaft, and is provided with a wing plate and an elastic reset member. The wing plate is adapted to the sliding groove of the adjustment plate, and the elastic reset member is used to maintain the longitudinal adjustment layer in a pre-tightening force facing the open position. An elastic thrust assembly is disposed between the lateral adjustment layer and the auxiliary plate, and is used to provide the lateral adjustment layer with thrust toward the adjustment plate.

[0035] In this embodiment, the sieve layer is located on the top layer of the chain unit and is the screening working surface that directly contacts the material. It features a gradient opening design with apertures decreasing in size along the direction of the sieve belt's movement. These openings serve as separation channels between the material and impurities; impurities such as soil and stones pass through the openings, while the medicinal materials remain on the sieve surface for transport. The gradient opening design removes large impurities first, followed by smaller ones. The large opening at the feed end quickly separates large impurities such as stones and soil, preventing blockage of subsequent smaller openings. The aperture gradually decreases from the middle section to the discharge end, adapting to the process from coarse to fine screening. This improves screening efficiency and prevents small-sized medicinal materials from passing through the large opening at the feed end.

[0036] Secondly, the lateral adjustment layer is located below the sieve plate layer. Through the design of complementary holes, sliding fit, and guide plate linkage, it achieves dynamic adjustment of the effective width and spacing of the sieve holes. The hole diameter and spacing of the lateral adjustment layer are complementary to those of the sieve plate layer. The larger the overlap area, the wider the effective sieve hole; conversely, the smaller the overlap area, the narrower the effective sieve hole. This allows it to accommodate medicinal materials with different lateral dimensions. The grooves on both sides restrict the lateral sliding direction, ensuring that the holes are always aligned with the openings in the sieve plate layer during adjustment, avoiding sieving failure due to misalignment. The guide plate, which matches the guide groove of the adjustment plate, serves as the power transmission interface. When the sieve belt rotates, the guide plate slides along the guide groove. The change in the lateral contour of the groove forces the adjustment layer to slide. The continuous thrust provided by the elastic thrust component ensures that the guide plate remains firmly attached to the groove, preventing vibration-induced detachment and ensuring continuous and precise adjustment.

[0037] Furthermore, the longitudinal adjustment layer is located at the bottom of the chain plate unit. Through the design of the hinge shaft, wing plate, and torsion spring, it realizes the adjustment of the effective length of the sieve holes and the opening and closing state, which is the key to preventing clogging and adapting to long-sized medicinal materials.

[0038] Among them, such as Figure 6 As shown, the wing plate structure is integrated with winglets by welding. The winglets are precisely matched with the pre-set grooves of the longitudinal baffle, forming a stable power transmission linkage mechanism. When the sieve belt is running, the winglets slide along the grooves of the longitudinal baffle. The height gradient of the groove will push the winglets to rotate around the hinge axis within the range of 0°-90°. When the height of the groove increases, the winglets drive the wing plate to lift up and overcome the preload of the torsion spring, so that the angle between the longitudinal adjustment layer and the sieve layer is reduced, and the effective sieve hole length is reduced to accommodate small longitudinally sized medicinal materials. When the height of the groove decreases, the torsion spring sleeved on the outside of the rotating shaft will release the continuous preload, drive the wing plate to automatically reset, so that the longitudinal adjustment layer returns to the 90° opening position perpendicular to the sieve layer, and the effective sieve hole length is restored to the maximum to accommodate long-sized medicinal materials. When the adjustment layer rotates to 0° and is completely in contact with the sieve layer, the sieve holes can be temporarily closed to retain the medicinal materials. Throughout the entire linkage process, the preload of the torsion spring ensures that the blades and the slide groove remain tightly fitted and do not disengage, ensuring continuous and accurate longitudinal screen aperture adjustment and stable screening operation. Finally, the elastic thrust assembly consists of a compression spring and a compression rod, with its ends abutting against the transverse adjustment layer and the auxiliary plate, respectively, providing stable power support for transverse adjustment. The compression spring, through its own elasticity, continuously applies a thrust towards the adjustment plate to the transverse adjustment layer, ensuring that the guide plates of the transverse adjustment layer remain tightly fitted to the guide groove of the adjustment plate, preventing disengagement due to vibration or screen belt jolting during operation, and ensuring continuous adjustment. The compression rod restricts the deformation direction of the spring along its longitudinal extension and contraction, preventing the spring from bending and causing force displacement of the adjustment layer, ensuring accurate transverse sliding trajectory, and avoiding the impact of aperture misalignment on screen aperture size adjustment accuracy.

[0039] For example, taking the harvesting of Codonopsis pilosula in heavy clay soil as an example, the coordinated working process of each component of the chain-link unit is as follows: At the feed end of the chain-link unit, the screen layer separates large impurities through large holes, the lateral adjustment layer slides to maximum overlap, and the longitudinal adjustment layer opens at 90° to quickly convey materials; in the middle section of the chain-link unit, the guide groove contour changes to push the lateral adjustment layer to slide, so as to reduce overlap, and the increase in the height of the chute drives the longitudinal adjustment layer to rotate, so as to reduce the length, effectively adapting the screen holes to the size of Codonopsis pilosula. At the same time, the lateral sliding generates slight vibration to break up the clay layer, and the broken soil leaks out from the holes; if a clogging trend is detected, the longitudinal adjustment layer temporarily increases the opening angle to release the stuck Codonopsis pilosula, and then resets under the action of the torsion spring; throughout the process, the elastic thrust component ensures the stability of the lateral adjustment, and the hinged structure ensures the smooth operation of the screen belt, together achieving the goals of graded screening, dynamic hole adjustment, and anti-clogging and loss reduction.

[0040] Specifically, the transverse adjustment layer has holes that complement the openings of the sieve layer, and the two sides of the transverse adjustment layer have slots. The slots form a sliding fit with the sieve layer to change the overlapping area of ​​the openings of the sieve layer and the transverse adjustment layer, thereby adjusting the effective width and spacing of the sieve holes.

[0041] In this embodiment, the lateral adjustment layer achieves precise adjustment based on the openings in the sieve layer through a collaborative design of complementary holes, side slots, and sliding fit. Specifically: First, the holes in the lateral adjustment layer have different diameters and spacings than the holes in the sieve layer, but their outlines are compatible. For example, the sieve layer has rectangular holes, while the lateral adjustment layer has rectangular holes of the same length but narrow width. This complementary design provides a basis for changing the effective sieve hole size and avoids the lack of adjustment effect after sliding due to the holes being completely identical.

[0042] Secondly, the slots on both sides of the horizontal adjustment layer form a sliding fit with the screen layer. The slots strictly restrict the movement direction of the adjustment layer, allowing it to slide only horizontally and not up, down, or forward and backward. This ensures that the holes in the adjustment layer are always aligned with the openings in the screen layer during the sliding process, preventing problems such as local non-overlap (unable to screen) or excessive overlap (size loss) due to offset.

[0043] Ultimately, as the sieve belt operates, the transverse adjustment layer slides along the groove under the guidance of the guide plates. During this sliding process, the overlap area between the layer and the sieve openings changes. The larger the overlap area, the wider the effective sieve opening and the wider the spacing between the openings; conversely, the smaller the overlap area, the narrower the effective sieve opening and the narrower the spacing between the openings. In this way, it is possible to adapt to root and rhizome medicinal materials with different transverse dimensions in real time, solving the problem that traditional fixed-aperture sieves cannot adapt to materials of multiple sizes, while ensuring adjustment accuracy and sieving stability.

[0044] Specifically, the elastic reset element is a torsion spring, sleeved on the outside of the hinge shaft; the opening position is at a 90° angle between the longitudinal adjustment layer and the sieve layer; the longitudinal adjustment layer can rotate around the hinge shaft within the range of 0°-90° to adjust the effective length of the sieve holes or to close the sieve holes.

[0045] In this embodiment, the elastic reset component is specifically a torsion spring and is sleeved on the outside of the hinge shaft. The structural characteristics of the torsion spring enable it to provide a stable rotational preload, providing a power basis for the automatic reset of the longitudinal adjustment layer and avoiding the tediousness of manual reset.

[0046] Secondly, the opening position is when the longitudinal adjustment layer and the screen layer are at a 90° angle. In this state, the longitudinal adjustment layer is perpendicular to the screen layer, and the effective length of the screen hole is the same as the opening length of the screen layer, which is the maximum. This is the default initial state for normal material screening and smooth leakage of impurities.

[0047] Finally, the longitudinal adjustment layer can rotate around the hinge axis within a range of 0°-90°. This range covers all functional scenarios from fully open (90°) to partially open (between 0° and 90°) to fully closed (0°, where the longitudinal adjustment layer is in contact with the sieve layer). The smaller the rotation angle, the smaller the gap between the longitudinal adjustment layer and the sieve layer, and the smaller the effective length of the sieve holes, which can accommodate medicinal materials with different longitudinal dimensions. When rotated to 0°, the sieve holes are completely closed, which can temporarily trap materials to prevent them from being missed, or release stuck medicinal materials by reducing the effective length when a clogging trend is detected. This effectively solves the pain points of traditional fixed-aperture sieves, such as the inability to adjust the length and easy clogging, while ensuring that the adjustment process is precise and controllable.

[0048] Specifically, the elastic thrust assembly includes a compression spring and a compression rod, wherein the compression spring is sleeved on the outside of the compression rod, and its two ends abut against the lateral adjustment layer and the auxiliary plate, respectively.

[0049] In this embodiment, the elastic thrust assembly consists of a compression spring and a compression rod. The compression spring is sleeved on the outside of the compression rod, which not only utilizes the elastic deformation characteristics of the spring to provide continuous thrust, but also restricts the deformation direction of the spring through the compression rod, allowing only longitudinal extension and contraction, avoiding lateral bending or deviation, and ensuring that the thrust is always transmitted in the preset direction from the lateral adjustment layer to the adjustment plate.

[0050] Meanwhile, the two ends of the component abut against the transverse adjustment layer and the auxiliary plate respectively. This connection method makes the auxiliary plate a fixed fulcrum for the thrust. The elastic force of the compression spring acts stably on the transverse adjustment layer through the compression rod, providing it with a continuous thrust toward the adjustment plate. This ensures that the guide plate of the transverse adjustment layer is always in close contact with the guide groove of the adjustment plate, thereby ensuring that the transverse adjustment layer can slide precisely with the change of the guide groove contour, stably changing the overlapping area with the opening of the screen plate layer. Ultimately, this achieves reliable adjustment of the effective width and spacing of the screen holes, avoiding adjustment failure due to insufficient thrust or directional deviation. This provides a dual guarantee of structure and power for the transverse dynamic hole adjustment function.

[0051] In summary, compared with the prior art, the variable aperture screen belt of this application obtains a stable operating foundation by being tensioned between the auxiliary plate and the adjustment plate, and adapts to the closed-loop circulation trajectory through the design of multiple chain unit hinges at both ends, so as to realize dynamic adjustment of screen aperture and material screening.

[0052] In summary, the embodiments of this application have at least the following technical effects: Compared with the prior art, this application first drives the screen belt to circulate along a preset trajectory through a drive component, providing stable power for the variable aperture screen belt device and ensuring the stable realization of the device's screening function.

[0053] Secondly, this application provides stable structural support for the variable aperture screen belt device through a fixed adjustment frame. The auxiliary plate ensures stable power transmission by supporting the drive components, and the adjustment plate provides a matching structure for the transverse adjustment layer and the longitudinal adjustment layer through the guide groove and slide, which together lay the foundation for the cyclic operation of the screen belt and the dynamic adjustment of the screen aperture.

[0054] Finally, the variable aperture screen belt of this application obtains a stable operating foundation by being tensioned between the auxiliary plate and the adjustment plate, and adapts to the closed-loop circulation trajectory through the design of multiple chain link units with their ends connected, so as to realize dynamic adjustment of screen aperture and material screening.

[0055] Through the above technical solution, this application constructs a variable aperture screen belt device including a drive component, a fixed adjustment frame, and a variable aperture screen belt. This achieves the basic function of stable cyclic operation of the screen belt along a preset trajectory. By adapting the variable aperture screen belt to the closed-loop operation trajectory, it solves the pain points of adaptability and stability of traditional fixed screens. It realizes dynamic adjustment of screen aperture, improves the screening efficiency of root and rhizome medicinal materials, reduces the damage rate of medicinal materials, and can be adapted to different working conditions such as sandy soil / clay.

[0056] Example 2, as Figure 7 As shown, this embodiment of the invention also provides a design optimization method for a variable aperture screen belt device, including: Assemble the drive assembly, fixed adjustment frame, variable aperture screen belt and elastic thrust assembly to make the guide plate of the transverse adjustment layer fit with the guide groove of the adjustment plate and the wing plate of the longitudinal adjustment layer fit with the sliding groove of the adjustment plate, so as to ensure that the screen belt can circulate stably. The Sigmoid function is used as the lateral offset control function of the guide groove, and the combination function of the inverse parabola and trigonometric functions is used as the angle change function of the longitudinal adjustment layer. The longitudinal height function of the chute is obtained by combining the length of the longitudinal adjustment layer. An exponential growth function is used as the target control function for screening quality. The actual screening quality is collected by sensors, and the quality deviation is calculated by combining it with the preset expected screening quality. When the quality deviation is greater than a preset threshold, adjust the parameters of the lateral offset control function and the longitudinal height function of the chute, or replace the adjustment plate module with one that is adapted to the working conditions, until the quality deviation is less than the preset threshold.

[0057] In this embodiment, the drive assembly, fixed adjustment frame, variable aperture screen belt, and elastic thrust assembly are first assembled to ensure that the guide plates of the transverse adjustment layer are in contact with the guide grooves of the adjustment plate, and the wing plates of the longitudinal adjustment layer are in contact with the sliding grooves of the adjustment plate, thus ensuring stable cyclic operation of the screen belt. This ensures that during screen belt operation, the guide grooves can precisely drive the transverse adjustment layer to slide via the guide plates, and the sliding grooves can precisely push the longitudinal adjustment layer to rotate via the wing plates, avoiding motion transmission failure due to gaps. Simultaneously, ensuring stable cyclic operation of the screen belt provides a foundation for continuous material conveying and a smooth screening process, preventing screen belt jamming from affecting screening efficiency or damaging medicinal materials.

[0058] Secondly, the Sigmoid function is used as the lateral offset control function for the guide groove, and a combination of inverse parabolic and trigonometric functions is used as the angle change function for the longitudinal adjustment layer. The longitudinal height function of the chute is obtained by combining the length of the longitudinal adjustment layer. The Sigmoid function is chosen as the lateral offset control function for the guide groove to utilize its characteristics of gradual adjustment in the initial stage, rapid change in the middle stage, and stability in the final stage. This allows the lateral adjustment layer to slide slowly at the beginning of the screen belt operation, reducing impact on the medicinal materials just entering the screen surface and minimizing damage. The rapid adjustment of the aperture spacing in the middle stage adapts to the needs of the medicinal materials from coarse to fine screening, and the stability in the final stage avoids over-adjustment leading to missed screening.

[0059] For example, the lateral offset function of the guide groove is selected as the Sigmoid function, and its expression is: ; In the formula: This represents the maximum offset of the horizontal baffle. The center position of the guide groove curve; To adjust the sensitivity factor, its value is determined by the operating speed. and work width Decision, satisfaction , This is an empirical constant.

[0060] The Sigmoid function has the characteristics of gradual change in the early stage, rapid change in the middle stage, and stability in the final stage. It can reduce disturbances in the early stage of operation, quickly adjust the hole spacing in the middle stage, and maintain stability in the final stage, thereby reducing impact and noise and improving the smoothness of operation.

[0061] Among them, a combination function of inverse parabola and trigonometric function is used as the angle change function of the longitudinal adjustment layer, and the longitudinal height function of the chute is derived by combining the length of the longitudinal adjustment layer. This can realize the pattern of the longitudinal adjustment layer being kept closed in the early stage (to prevent large impurities from blocking the holes at the feed end), gradually opening in the middle section (to adapt to the soil removal needs during the transport of medicinal materials), and opening to the maximum in the final section (to ensure the cleanliness of the final screening). Furthermore, the angle change is converted into a mechanically achievable chute height through geometric relationships, ensuring accurate longitudinal adjustment.

[0062] For example, the angle change function is: ; Based on the geometric relationship of the baffle, the height of the chute is: In the formula: The length of the longitudinal opening and closing baffle; This is the maximum opening and closing angle; The height of the chute (the vertical distance between the position of the inner surface of the chute where the wing plate contact point is located at any position of the screen belt during operation and the horizontal reference plane where the center of the baffle rotation hinge is located). Secondly, an exponential growth function is adopted as the target control function for screening quality. Setting an exponential growth function as the target control function for screening quality conforms to the objective laws of the screening process. As the screen belt runs for longer, the material undergoes coarse screening to fine screening on the screen surface, and the screening quality should gradually improve and approach its maximum value.

[0063] For example, the target control function for screening quality adopts an exponential growth form: ; In the formula: To the maximum screening mass; The growth rate.

[0064] The target control function is used to describe the trend of screening quality change with position (or time) and serves as a feedback signal to correct the parameter values ​​of the above-mentioned horizontal and vertical adjustment functions in real time, so that the device can maintain efficient separation under different crop characteristics and operating conditions.

[0065] Furthermore, the actual screening quality is collected by sensors and combined with the preset expected screening quality to calculate the quality deviation. The sensors are installed at the discharge end to directly obtain the final screening result. By monitoring cleanliness (residual soil) and breakage rate (degree of damage to medicinal materials), the actual screening quality is quantified as a score of 0-100. The preset expected screening quality is the ideal output value of the target control function at the corresponding operating time. For example, the preset expected screening quality is 93.12 points after 1.5 seconds of operation, providing a quantitative benchmark for evaluating the actual screening effect. The deviation is calculated by subtracting the preset expected screening quality from the actual screening quality, thus obtaining the quality deviation, which allows for a direct assessment of whether the screening effect meets the standard.

[0066] Finally, when the quality deviation exceeds the preset threshold, adjust the parameters of the lateral offset control function and the longitudinal height function of the chute, or replace the adjustment plate module adapted to the working conditions, until the quality deviation is less than the preset threshold. The preset threshold refers to the allowable fluctuation in the screening quality score, which can be flexibly set according to the actual working scenario. For example, those skilled in the art can combine the characteristics of the target medicinal material (such as the crispness of *Codonopsis pilosula* and the dimensional stability of *Gastrodia elata*), the working conditions (such as the soil viscosity of sandy / clay soil), and screening quality requirements, such as the cleanliness compliance rate and the upper limit of the breakage rate, to determine a reasonable range through experiments or simulations. For example, for *Codonopsis pilosula* with a brittle outer skin, the preset threshold can be set to ±3 points to avoid over-adjustment leading to damage to the medicinal material. For heavy clay soil conditions, it can be appropriately relaxed to ±5 points to balance cleanliness and adjustment efficiency.

[0067] For example, if the quality deviation is small, the sensitivity factor of the lateral offset control function can be finely adjusted, such as increasing it from 0.278 to 0.5, or the maximum opening and closing angle of the longitudinal height function of the chute can be increased, such as increasing it from 60° to 75°, to achieve fine-grained adaptation. If the quality deviation is large, such as when the cleanliness is seriously substandard under heavy clay soil conditions, the adjustment plate module adapted to the working conditions can be replaced, such as changing from a general module to a powerful impurity removal module. By changing the physical structure of the guide chute contour and the chute height, the complex working conditions can be fundamentally adapted. In this way, a control closed loop of effect monitoring → deviation feedback → correction and optimization is formed, ensuring that the stable performance of high screening efficiency and low breakage rate can be maintained under different working conditions such as sandy soil and clay soil, or when harvesting different medicinal materials such as Codonopsis pilosula and Gastrodia elata, completely breaking through the adaptation limitations of traditional fixed aperture screens.

[0068] Specifically, the sensor is an image sensor installed at the discharge end of the variable aperture screen belt device to monitor the cleanliness and breakage rate of the material after screening, and quantifies it into an actual screening quality score through image recognition algorithm and mapping rules.

[0069] In this embodiment, an image sensor is used as a monitoring component, which can intuitively capture the soil residue (corresponding to cleanliness) and surface damage (corresponding to damage rate) on the material surface.

[0070] For example, an image sensor is installed at the discharge end of a variable aperture screen belt device. This position is the final output end after the material completes the entire screening process. The monitoring results can directly reflect the screening effect of the entire screening process, ensuring the authenticity and representativeness of the data.

[0071] For example, cleanliness (such as the percentage of soil residue area) and damage rate (such as the percentage of damaged medicinal materials) can be converted into quantifiable actual screening quality scores, such as 0-100 points, through image recognition algorithms. This provides specific data support for calculating quality deviation, which can then be accurately compared with the preset expected screening quality to determine whether it is necessary to adjust the control function parameters or replace the adjustment plate module.

[0072] For example, converting image recognition algorithms into quantifiable actual screening quality scores can be achieved through the following technical path: First, after the image sensor collects material images at the discharge end, the image recognition algorithm performs preprocessing, such as noise reduction, illumination equalization, and image enhancement, to eliminate the impact of uneven lighting and dust interference in the actual working environment on image quality, ensuring subsequent recognition accuracy. Next, for cleanliness (the proportion of soil residue area), the color and texture differences between medicinal materials and soil are used. Through color threshold segmentation and texture feature analysis, the material area in the image is divided into two categories: the main medicinal material and soil residue. Then, through pixel area statistics, the proportion of the pixel area of ​​the soil residue area to the total pixel area of ​​the material area is calculated, such as soil accounting for 2%. For damage rate (the proportion of damaged medicinal materials), based on the continuous and smooth edges of intact medicinal materials and the broken and dented edges of damaged medicinal materials, individual damaged medicinal materials can be accurately identified from the material area through edge detection and morphological recognition. The proportion of the number of damaged medicinal materials to the total number of medicinal materials is calculated, such as damage rate of 1%.

[0073] For example, cleanliness and breakage rate can be weighted according to actual operational needs, and then weighted and fused to obtain the actual screening quality score. For instance, delicate medicinal materials such as Codonopsis pilosula are more sensitive to breakage rate. The breakage rate weight can be set to 60%, and cleanliness to 40%. Mapping rules between indicators and scores can be established, such as 0-5% soil content corresponding to a cleanliness score of 35-40, 5%-10% corresponding to 30-35, and so on; 0-2% breakage rate corresponds to a breakage score of 55-60, 2%-5% corresponding to 50-55, and so on. Finally, the actual screening quality score of 0-100 is calculated using the formula: cleanliness score × cleanliness weight + breakage rate score × breakage rate weight. In this way, abstract quality indicators such as cleanliness and breakage rate are transformed into intuitive and comparable values, avoiding subjective errors from manual judgment and providing a quantitative basis for subsequent comparison with the preset expected screening quality to calculate deviations and accurately adjust device parameters.

[0074] Specifically, the target control function is used to describe the ideal growth trend of screening quality with the running time of the screen belt, and the preset expected screening quality is the ideal output value of the target control function at the corresponding running time.

[0075] In this embodiment, the core function of the target control function is to depict the ideal law of the change in screening quality with the running time of the screen belt. Its trend design fits the objective characteristics of the actual screening process. When the screen belt is first started, the material has just entered the screen surface and only preliminary impurity removal has been completed, resulting in a low screening quality (cleanliness, low breakage rate). As the running time increases, the material undergoes fine screening on the screen surface through horizontal / vertical dynamic aperture adjustment. Soil residue gradually decreases, the risk of damage to medicinal materials decreases, and the screening quality gradually improves. When the running time reaches a certain threshold, the screening process tends to stabilize, the quality growth slows down and approaches the maximum value. Therefore, this function often adopts an exponential growth function to match the ideal trend of rapid initial improvement and stable approach to the peak value in the later stage, avoiding unrealistic linear or disordered growth designs.

[0076] Secondly, the preset expected screening quality is not a fixed value, but rather the specific output result of the target control function at a specific operating time point. For example, if the target control function is an exponential growth model, the calculated ideal screening quality score is 89 points when the screen belt operates for 1.2 seconds and 94 points when it operates for 1.8 seconds. The scores corresponding to these times are the preset expected screening quality at different stages, providing a clear comparative reference for the actual screening quality monitored in real time.

[0077] In this way, by constructing an ideal quality curve for the entire operating cycle through a target control function, and using the preset expected screening quality as the standard for each time node, a clear basis is provided for subsequent steps such as calculating quality deviations and determining whether parameters need to be adjusted. For example, if the actual screening quality score is 91 points after 1.8 seconds of actual operation, which is lower than the preset expected screening quality of 94 points, it can be quickly determined that the lateral offset control function parameters need to be adjusted or the adjustment plate needs to be replaced. This avoids blind optimization due to the lack of a target reference and adapts to the needs of different operating conditions and medicinal material characteristics.

[0078] In summary, the embodiments of this application have at least the following technical effects: Compared to existing technologies, this application achieves intelligent, precise, and highly adaptable screening performance of the variable aperture screen belt device through a closed-loop design involving precise assembly, function control, real-time quantitative monitoring, and closed-loop dynamic adjustment. Specific technical effects are as follows: First, standardized assembly ensures tight fit between the transverse adjustment layer guide plate and the adjustment plate guide groove, and between the longitudinal adjustment layer wing plate and the adjustment plate slide groove, laying a mechanical foundation for stable belt circulation and subsequent precise adjustment, avoiding adjustment failures or operational deviations caused by component clearances. Second, by specifically selecting the Sigmoid function to adapt to the transverse adjustment requirements, combining the inverse parabola and trigonometric functions to match the longitudinal adjustment pattern, and using the exponential growth function to align with the objective trend of screening quality, the screen aperture adjustment rhythm is highly matched with the screening process. This system reduces impact on medicinal materials, lowering breakage rates, while ensuring screening efficiency. Simultaneously, image sensors installed at the discharge end, combined with image recognition algorithms, quantify cleanliness and breakage rates into actual screening quality scores of 0-100 points. This solves the problems of difficult quality quantification and large subjective judgment errors in traditional screening, providing accurate data support for deviation calculation. Finally, by adjusting parameters or replacing modules within a closed-loop logic, it can flexibly adapt to different operating conditions and medicinal material characteristics, ensuring that the screening quality of the variable aperture screen belt device consistently approaches the ideal target throughout the entire operating cycle. This improves the screening efficiency of root and rhizome medicinal materials, reduces clogging and missed screening, lowers the breakage rate of medicinal materials, and broadens the range of adaptable operating conditions, overcoming the technical pain points of traditional fixed aperture screens, such as rigid adjustment, uncontrollable quality, and poor adaptability.

[0079] It should be noted that the descriptions of each embodiment in the above embodiments have different focuses. For parts that are not described in detail in a certain embodiment, please refer to the relevant descriptions in other embodiments.

[0080] Those skilled in the art will understand that embodiments of the present invention can be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, the present invention can take the form of a completely hardware embodiment, a completely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present invention can take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code.

[0081] This invention is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each block of the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, special-purpose computer, embedded computer, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, generate instructions for implementing the flowchart illustrations. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in one or more boxes.

[0082] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable storage medium produce an article of manufacture including instruction means, which are implemented in a process Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The function specified in one or more boxes.

[0083] These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing equipment to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable equipment to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions that execute on the computer or other programmable equipment for implementing the process. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The steps of the function specified in one or more boxes.

[0084] Although preferred embodiments of the invention have been described, those skilled in the art, once they have learned the basic inventive concept, can make other changes and modifications to these embodiments.

[0085] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this invention without departing from its spirit and scope. Therefore, if these modifications and variations fall within the scope of this invention and its equivalents, this invention also intends to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A variable aperture screen belt device, characterized in that, include: The drive assembly is located on the drive end side of the variable aperture screen belt device and is used to drive the screen belt to rotate cyclically along a preset trajectory. A fixed adjustment frame includes an auxiliary plate, an adjustment plate, and a matching shaft cover. The auxiliary plate is used to support the drive assembly. The adjustment plate has a guide groove and a sliding groove. The shaft cover is assembled at the end of the rotating shaft and serves to protect, position, and seal. The variable aperture screen belt, tensioned between the auxiliary plate and the adjustment plate, is composed of multiple chain link units hinged end to end.

2. The variable aperture screen belt device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The adjustment plate is a replaceable module. The guide groove contour and slide height of different adjustment plates are adapted to different working conditions. The working conditions include at least sandy soil conditions and clay soil conditions.

3. The variable aperture screen belt device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each of the chain segments includes: The screen layer has openings for screening in a gradient of large to small apertures along the direction of screen belt operation; A horizontal adjustment layer is provided below the sieve layer, and is equipped with guide plates. The guide plates are adapted to the guide grooves of the adjustment plate and slide relative to the sieve layer through the slots on both sides. The longitudinal adjustment layer is rotatably connected to the screen layer via a hinge shaft, and is provided with a wing plate and an elastic reset member. The wing plate is adapted to the sliding groove of the adjustment plate, and the elastic reset member is used to maintain the longitudinal adjustment layer in a pre-tightening force facing the open position. An elastic thrust assembly is disposed between the lateral adjustment layer and the auxiliary plate, for providing thrust toward the adjustment plate to the lateral adjustment layer.

4. The variable aperture screen belt device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The transverse adjustment layer has holes that complement the openings of the sieve layer, and the two sides of the transverse adjustment layer have slots. The slots form a sliding fit with the sieve layer to change the overlapping area of ​​the openings of the sieve layer and the transverse adjustment layer, thereby adjusting the effective width and spacing of the sieve holes.

5. The variable aperture screen belt device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The elastic reset element is a torsion spring, which is sleeved on the outside of the hinge shaft; the opening position is when the longitudinal adjustment layer and the screen layer form a 90° angle; the longitudinal adjustment layer can rotate around the hinge shaft in the range of 0°-90° to adjust the effective length of the screen hole or to close the screen hole.

6. The variable aperture screen belt device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The elastic thrust assembly includes a compression spring and a compression rod, wherein the compression spring is sleeved on the outside of the compression rod, and its two ends abut against the lateral adjustment layer and the auxiliary plate, respectively.

7. A design optimization method for a variable aperture screen belt device, characterized in that, include: Assemble the drive assembly, fixed adjustment frame, variable aperture screen belt and elastic thrust assembly to make the guide plate of the transverse adjustment layer fit with the guide groove of the adjustment plate and the wing plate of the longitudinal adjustment layer fit with the sliding groove of the adjustment plate, so as to ensure that the screen belt can circulate stably. The Sigmoid function is used as the lateral offset control function of the guide groove, and the combination function of the inverse parabola and trigonometric functions is used as the angle change function of the longitudinal adjustment layer. The longitudinal height function of the chute is obtained by combining the length of the longitudinal adjustment layer. An exponential growth function is used as the target control function for screening quality. The actual screening quality is collected by sensors, and the quality deviation is calculated by combining it with the preset expected screening quality. When the quality deviation is greater than a preset threshold, adjust the parameters of the lateral offset control function and the longitudinal height function of the chute, or replace the adjustment plate module with one that is adapted to the working conditions, until the quality deviation is less than the preset threshold.

8. The design optimization method according to claim 7, characterized in that, The sensor is an image sensor installed at the discharge end of the variable aperture screen belt device. It is used to monitor the cleanliness and breakage rate of the material after screening, and quantifies it into an actual screening quality score through image recognition algorithm and mapping rules.

9. The design optimization method according to claim 7, characterized in that, The target control function is used to describe the ideal growth trend of screening quality with the running time of the screen belt, and the preset expected screening quality is the ideal output value of the target control function at the corresponding running time.

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