Titanium alloy trace cutting oil and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of cutting oil, and discloses titanium alloy trace cutting oil and a preparation method thereof.The titanium alloy trace cutting oil comprises synthetic base oil, an extreme pressure anti-wear agent, an antioxidant, a copper corrosion inhibitor, an oil mist resisting agent and a pour point depressant; the viscosity of the synthetic base oil at 40 DEG C is 2-8 cSt; the viscosity of the titanium alloy trace cutting oil at 40 DEG C is 8-12 cSt. By selecting the low-viscosity synthetic base oil and adding the high-molecular flowability improver, the overall viscosity of the oil product is remarkably reduced, the low-temperature flowability and the atomization performance of the oil product are improved, and the oil product can smoothly pass through a fine spray head and a pipeline in a minimal quantity lubrication system; and the problem of nozzle blockage caused by high viscosity and poor flowability of the oil product is effectively solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of cutting oil technology, and in particular to a titanium alloy micro-cutting oil and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] Titanium alloys, due to their high strength, corrosion resistance, and lightweight properties, have become key materials in aerospace, medical devices, and other fields. However, the characteristics exhibited by titanium alloys during machining make them a typical difficult-to-machine material, mainly due to the following: Titanium alloys have low thermal conductivity, causing a large amount of heat generated during cutting to accumulate in the cutting area instead of being quickly dissipated, resulting in extremely high temperatures at the tool-workpiece interface and accelerated tool wear. Furthermore, at high temperatures, the high chemical reactivity of titanium alloys makes them prone to chemical reactions with tool materials, leading to diffusion wear and oxidative wear. Moreover, titanium alloys have a low elastic modulus, making them susceptible to severe vibrations during high-speed cutting, affecting the surface quality of the machined material and even causing microcracks on the workpiece surface.

[0003] To address the aforementioned issues, Minimum Quantity Lubrication (MQL) technology was developed. MQL is a semi-dry cutting method that falls between dry cutting and traditional wet cutting. It atomizes extremely small amounts of cutting oil (typically tens to hundreds of milliliters per hour) into micron-sized oil mist particles using compressed air, precisely spraying them onto the tool-workpiece-chip contact interface. Compared to traditional casting-based cutting, it offers the following advantages: 1. Precise and efficient lubrication: Atomized oil particles can better penetrate the tool-workpiece contact area, forming a more effective lubricating film. 2. Reduced cutting fluid usage: Typically, cutting fluid usage can be reduced by more than 90%, significantly lowering wastewater treatment costs and reducing environmental burden. 3. Improved working environment: Reducing cutting fluid usage at the source avoids oil mist permeating the machining area, creating a safer and healthier working environment.

[0004] The successful application of micro-lubrication systems in titanium alloy machining largely depends on the formulation design of specialized micro-cutting oils. These cutting oils must possess excellent extreme pressure anti-wear properties, good penetration and atomization, and sufficient oxidation stability to meet the stringent requirements of titanium alloy machining at extremely low dosages.

[0005] However, existing micro-cutting oils, titanium alloy cutting oils, and titanium alloy cutting fluids have the following problems: (1) High viscosity and poor fluidity make them easy to clog nozzles; (2) Titanium alloys have low thermal conductivity, so the heat generated during cutting is mainly carried away by the lubricant. Existing technologies mainly use plant-based base oils, but plant-based oil molecules usually contain more polar ester bonds and have higher viscosity, which is not conducive to carrying away heat during flow; plant-based oils contain more unsaturated fatty acids and have multiple double bonds in their molecules. The chemical properties of double bonds are active, and they are prone to oxidation under high temperature, oxygen and light, which leads to rancidity of the oil, the production of harmful substances, the formation of gum and sludge, which is not conducive to long-term use; (3) Micro-cutting oils are used in very small quantities and are mainly used to reduce friction and adhesion between the tool, workpiece and chips. They are mainly used for high-speed and finishing operations; ordinary titanium alloy cutting oils are mainly used for heavy-duty and roughing operations. Ordinary cutting oils have medium to high viscosity and their extreme pressure performance is designed for mass production; while micro-volume cutting oils have extremely low viscosity, excellent atomization, and are formulated with ultra-high extreme pressure for micro-volume environments. Using ordinary cutting oils in micro-volume lubrication systems can lead to poor atomization, clogged lines, and insufficient lubrication, resulting in rapid tool wear and tool sticking.

[0006] It is evident that existing technologies still need improvement and enhancement. Summary of the Invention

[0007] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the purpose of this invention is to address the existing problems and, in conjunction with the titanium alloy cutting process in the production site, propose a titanium alloy micro-cutting oil with excellent fluidity and permeability, high temperature resistance and excellent lubrication performance, as well as its preparation method.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A titanium alloy micro-cutting oil, by weight, comprises the following components: 80-90 parts base oil, 5-10 parts extreme pressure anti-wear agent, 0.3-1 part antioxidant, 0.5-1 part copper corrosion inhibitor, 0.5-1 part anti-oil mist agent, and 0.2-0.5 parts pour point depressant; wherein the base oil is a synthetic base oil and its viscosity at 40°C is 2-8 cSt; and the viscosity of the titanium alloy micro-cutting oil at 40°C is 8-12 cSt.

[0009] The titanium alloy micro-cutting oil, wherein the synthetic base oil comprises one or more of poly-1-decene, poly-1-octene, diethylene glycol diisooctanoate, dioctyl terephthalate, diisooctyl 1,2-octanoate, diisooctyl tetradecanoate, 1-octyl-2-ethylhexyl alcohol ester, hexadecane, octadecane, and dimethyl dicycloalkenyl ester.

[0010] The titanium alloy micro-cutting oil, wherein the extreme pressure anti-wear agent is at least one of phosphorus-based extreme pressure anti-wear agent and sulfur-based extreme pressure anti-wear agent.

[0011] The titanium alloy micro-cutting oil, wherein the phosphorus-based extreme pressure anti-wear agent is at least one of diethyl phosphate and triethyl phosphate.

[0012] The titanium alloy micro-cutting oil, wherein the sulfur-based extreme pressure anti-wear agent is at least one of molybdenum disulfide and diene disulfide.

[0013] The titanium alloy micro-cutting oil, wherein the antioxidant is one or more selected from the reaction product of N-phenylaniline and 2,4,4-trimethylpentene, N-phenyl-α-naphthylamine, alkylphenthiazine, 4,4-dioctyldiphenylamine, and 2,6-di-tert-butylamino-p-cresol.

[0014] The titanium alloy micro-cutting oil, wherein the copper corrosion inhibitor is one or more of mercaptobenzothiazole, benzotriazole, methylbenzotriazole, and sodium methylbenzotriazole.

[0015] The titanium alloy micro-cutting oil, wherein the anti-oil mist agent is at least one of polyisobutylene, polyacrylate and ethylene propylene copolymer.

[0016] The titanium alloy micro-cutting oil, wherein the pour point depressant is one or more of polymethyl methacrylate, alkyl naphthalene, and polyα-olefin.

[0017] A method for preparing a micro-cutting oil for titanium alloys includes the following steps: S1. Mix the base oil and extreme pressure anti-wear agent, and stir at 40-50°C until the solution is clear and transparent; S2. Add copper corrosion inhibitor and antioxidant to the solution and stir well; S3. Add an anti-oil mist agent and a pour point depressant to the solution, stir evenly, and the above-mentioned titanium alloy micro-cutting oil is obtained.

[0018] Beneficial effects: This invention provides a method for preparing a micro-cutting oil for titanium alloys. By selecting a low-viscosity synthetic base oil and adding a pour point depressant as a high-molecular-weight flow improver, the overall viscosity of the oil is significantly reduced, improving its low-temperature flowability and atomization performance. This ensures that the oil can smoothly pass through the fine nozzles and pipelines in a micro-lubrication system, effectively solving the nozzle clogging problem caused by high oil viscosity and poor flowability. Furthermore, by using a synthetic base oil with superior thermal stability and oxidation stability, and compounding it with a highly efficient high-temperature antioxidant, the invention leverages the uniform molecular structure of synthetic oils, which have higher flash points and auto-ignition points than vegetable oils. This prevents oxidation decomposition, coking, and deterioration at high temperatures, solving the problem of poor high-temperature resistance of plant-based base oils. This allows the oil to maintain stable performance under the high temperatures generated during titanium alloy cutting, extending its service life and continuously and effectively removing heat. Moreover, a special extreme pressure anti-wear agent for titanium alloys and a highly efficient oiliness agent are added to the oil. Because micro-cutting oil is used in very small quantities and is applied to high-speed finishing, the enhanced extreme pressure anti-wear film can protect the tool under high load, while the efficient friction reducer can minimize the coefficient of friction between the tool, workpiece, and chips, thereby ensuring machining accuracy and surface finish, meeting the needs of micro-lubrication in finishing, and differentiating itself from cutting oils used for heavy-duty roughing. Detailed Implementation

[0019] This invention provides a titanium alloy micro-cutting oil and its preparation method. To make the objectives, technical solutions, and effects of this invention clearer and more explicit, the following examples are provided to further illustrate the invention in detail. It should be understood that the specific examples described herein are only for explaining the invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the invention.

[0020] This invention provides a titanium alloy micro-cutting oil, which, by weight, comprises the following components: 80-90 parts base oil, 5-10 parts extreme pressure anti-wear agent, 0.3-1 part antioxidant, 0.5-1 part copper corrosion inhibitor, 0.5-1 part anti-oil mist agent, and 0.2-0.5 parts pour point depressant; the base oil is a synthetic base oil with a viscosity of 2-8 cSt at 40°C; the titanium alloy micro-cutting oil has a viscosity of 8-12 cSt at 40°C.

[0021] From the perspective of adapting to titanium alloy machining, firstly, addressing the issues of poor thermal conductivity and easy heat accumulation during cutting in titanium alloys, a synthetic base oil is selected. Its high-temperature resistance far surpasses that of traditional plant-based oils, allowing it to withstand localized high temperatures in the cutting area without oxidation, decomposition, or coking. Simultaneously, the extreme pressure anti-wear agent reacts with the metal surface under high temperature and pressure to form a solid protective film, effectively preventing diffusion wear or oxidative wear between the titanium alloy (which has high chemical activity at high temperatures) and the cutting tool, thus extending tool life. Secondly, titanium alloys have a low elastic modulus, are prone to vibration during high-speed cutting, and are susceptible to built-up edge formation. The synthetic base oil and the extreme pressure anti-wear agent, as the main additive, work synergistically to form a low-shear strength lubricating film at the tool-workpiece-chip interface, reducing the coefficient of friction, minimizing machining vibration and material adhesion, preventing micro-cracks on the workpiece surface, and ensuring precision machining. Furthermore, the copper corrosion inhibitor added to the formula not only protects the machine tool's copper alloy components from corrosion but also forms an oil film in the high-temperature area after titanium alloy machining, isolating oxygen, nitrogen, and hydrogen in the environment and preventing subsequent workpiece corrosion, thus addressing the dual protection needs of both the machined parts and the equipment.

[0022] From the perspective of adapting to micro-lubrication technology, the low viscosity of the aforementioned cutting oil allows it to be rapidly atomized into micron-sized oil mist particles by compressed air, quickly penetrating to the tool-workpiece-chip contact interface. This avoids the problems of traditional high-viscosity cutting oils, which are prone to clogging nozzles and obstructing pipelines. Traditional high-viscosity cutting oils, which are difficult to atomize fully, tend to form large droplets with poor penetration. This not only fails to evenly cover the tool-workpiece contact area but also leads to uneven oil mist distribution, insufficient lubrication in some areas, and consequently, accelerated tool wear and reduced workpiece surface finish. Furthermore, high-viscosity cutting oils have lower thermal conductivity, while titanium alloys themselves have poor thermal conductivity, causing cutting heat to accumulate easily. The cutting oil cannot quickly dissipate localized high temperatures, further exacerbating tool thermal deformation and oxidative wear, shortening tool life. However, when the viscosity of the cutting oil is too low, its retention capacity at the cutting interface is weak, making it easily carried away by the high-speed rotating tool or chips, failing to provide long-term lubrication. Under the high-load conditions of titanium alloy machining, the chemical reaction film formed by extreme pressure anti-wear agents is easily damaged, failing to effectively resist the intense friction between the tool and workpiece, resulting in rapid tool wear and reduced surface finish. Meanwhile, the corrosion inhibition performance of low-viscosity cutting oils is also affected. The oil film they form on metal surfaces is thinner, making it difficult to effectively isolate corrosive media such as oxygen, nitrogen, and hydrogen. This easily leads to rust on titanium alloy workpieces after machining, or corrosion of copper alloy parts in machine tools, shortening the service life of equipment and workpieces. Therefore, by limiting the viscosity of the base oil, which is the main lubricant component, and the viscosity of the finished oil (cutting oil), cutting oils can possess excellent fluidity and penetration, while also considering high-temperature resistance and lubrication performance.

[0023] Meanwhile, the compounded additives (corrosion inhibitors, antioxidants, anti-oil misting agents, and pour point depressants) are highly targeted, enabling the rapid formation of an effective lubricating film even at low dosages in MQL technology, meeting the needs of reducing friction and adhesion in high-speed finishing. The addition of anti-oil misting agents further reduces the amount of oil mist generated during processing, further highlighting the advantages of MQL technology (reducing environmental burden and improving the working environment). In addition, the antioxidants in the formula can delay oil aging, and the pour point depressants can ensure fluidity at low temperatures, allowing the cutting oil to remain stable during long-term storage and cyclic use, without discoloration or stratification, making it suitable for the low-replacement-frequency application scenarios of MQL systems.

[0024] In this embodiment, the synthetic base oil includes PAO-type poly-1-decene and poly-1-octene; and one or more of the following synthetic esters: diethylene glycol diisooctanoate, dioctyl terephthalate, diisooctyl 1,2-octanoate, diisooctyl tetradecanoate, 1-octyl-2-ethylhexyl alcohol ester, hexadecane, octadecane, and dimethyl dicycloalkenyl ester. From the perspective of viscosity and flowability, the listed synthetic base oils possess low viscosity, uniform molecular structure, and weak intermolecular forces, allowing them to be rapidly atomized into micron-sized oil mist by compressed air, while ensuring precise penetration of the oil mist into the minute contact gaps between the tool, workpiece, and chips. In terms of high temperature resistance and stability, the above-mentioned synthetic base oils exhibit better thermal oxidation stability than traditional vegetable-based oils. The molecular chain structure of these synthetic base oils is stable, with high flash point and auto-ignition point. Under the localized high temperature environment generated by poor thermal conductivity in titanium alloy cutting, they are not prone to oxidation decomposition, coking, or deterioration, and can maintain lubrication performance for a long time. They effectively remove accumulated heat and prevent the tool from experiencing diffusion wear or oxidative wear due to high temperature. At the same time, they have strong dissolving and dispersing capabilities for additives, and can uniformly carry extreme pressure anti-wear agents, copper corrosion inhibitors, and other components, ensuring that the various functional additives work synergistically.

[0025] Specifically, the extreme pressure anti-wear agent is at least one of phosphorus-based extreme pressure anti-wear agents and sulfur-based extreme pressure anti-wear agents. Extreme pressure anti-wear agents are additives that can form a high-melting-point chemical reaction film on a metal surface under high-temperature and high-pressure boundary lubrication conditions. In titanium alloy machining, extreme pressure anti-wear additives can form a protective film on the titanium alloy surface, reducing friction between the tool and the workpiece, thereby lowering the coefficient of friction.

[0026] More specifically, the phosphorus-based extreme pressure anti-wear agent is at least one of diethyl phosphate and triethyl phosphate. The sulfur-based extreme pressure anti-wear agent is at least one of molybdenum disulfide and diene disulfide.

[0027] Sulfur-based extreme pressure anti-wear agents, such as molybdenum disulfide and diene disulfide, can react rapidly with metal surfaces at medium and low temperatures of 200–400°C to form a low-shear-strength sulfide protective film. This can quickly alleviate friction and adhesion problems in the early stages of titanium alloy machining, and is especially suitable for dynamic contact scenarios between tools and workpieces during high-speed cutting. On the other hand, phosphorus-based extreme pressure anti-wear agents, such as diethyl phosphate and triethyl phosphate, function at high temperatures above 400°C. They decompose to generate phosphoric acid or polyphosphoric acid, forming a more heat-resistant and denser phosphate protective film on the metal surface. This film can resist localized high temperatures caused by poor thermal conductivity in titanium alloys and prevent diffusion wear or oxidative wear of the tool. The combined use of these two agents can cover the temperature variation range throughout the entire titanium alloy machining process. In addition, both sulfur-based and phosphorus-based additives have high activity, and even at low dosages in MQL technology, they can quickly penetrate to the cutting interface and react with the metal surface, avoiding insufficient lubrication due to low dosage. At the same time, both types of additives have good compatibility with synthetic base oils, are not prone to precipitation, and can be evenly dispersed in the oil mist, ensuring that each oil mist particle has extreme pressure anti-wear capability.

[0028] In some embodiments, the antioxidant is one or more of the reaction product of N-phenylaniline and 2,4,4-trimethylpentene, N-phenyl-α-naphthylamine, alkylphenthiazide, 4,4-dioctyldiphenylamine, and 2,6-di-tert-butylamino-p-cresol. 2,6-Di-tert-butylamino-p-cresol is a phenolic antioxidant that can quickly capture free radicals generated in oils at high temperatures, blocking the chain reaction in the early stages of oxidation. It is particularly suitable for scenarios with localized high temperatures during titanium alloy cutting, preventing the base oil and extreme pressure anti-wear agents (such as phosphate esters) from oxidizing and decomposing at high temperatures, producing gums or sludge. Amine antioxidants such as N-phenyl-α-naphthylamine and 4,4-dioctyldiphenylamine not only have high antioxidant efficiency themselves, but also work synergistically with phenolic antioxidants to further extend the antioxidant cycle. At the same time, they have little impact on the color stability of the oil, preventing discoloration of the oil after long-term storage or use. Alkylphenthiazides have both antioxidant and anti-corrosion properties. While inhibiting oxidation, they can also reduce the risk of corrosion of titanium alloy workpieces and machine tool parts by oxidation products. The reaction product of N-phenylaniline and 2,4,4-trimethylpentene has even better thermal stability and can maintain antioxidant activity even during continuous high-temperature cyclic use. Moreover, the antioxidants provided above all have good oil solubility and can be uniformly dispersed in synthetic base oils. They will not react adversely with other components such as extreme pressure anti-wear agents and copper corrosion inhibitors, nor will they affect the fluidity and atomization of the oil due to precipitation, thus ensuring the uniformity and effectiveness of oil mist particles in micro-lubrication systems.

[0029] In some embodiments, the copper corrosion inhibitor is one or more of mercaptobenzothiazole, benzotriazole, methylbenzotriazole, and sodium methylbenzotriazole. The main function of copper corrosion inhibitors in cutting oils and machine tool components is to prevent corrosion of copper and its alloys, protect machine tool components, improve the stability of cutting oils, improve machining quality, and prevent electrochemical corrosion. By using copper corrosion inhibitors, the service life of equipment and components can be significantly extended, maintenance costs reduced, and machining efficiency and product quality improved.

[0030] The polar atoms such as nitrogen and sulfur contained in the molecules of the aforementioned copper corrosion inhibitor can strongly bind to the active sites on the surface of copper and copper alloys, forming a dense and stable monomolecular or multimolecular protective film. This film can physically isolate corrosive substances such as oxidation products and moisture in the cutting oil, while preventing the dissolution of copper ions. This avoids electrochemical or chemical corrosion of copper alloy parts of machine tools due to long-term contact with cutting oil, thus extending the service life of the equipment. In addition, the provided copper corrosion inhibitor not only has excellent protective effects on copper alloys, but the protective film it forms can also slightly adhere to the surface of titanium alloy workpieces. Especially for high-temperature areas after titanium alloy processing, it can isolate oxygen, nitrogen, hydrogen and other gases in the air, preventing oxidation corrosion or hydrogen embrittlement of titanium alloys due to increased activity at high temperatures. This avoids rust spots or performance degradation on the workpiece surface, and at the same time, it will not react adversely with other formulation components such as synthetic base oils and extreme pressure anti-wear agents, ensuring the overall stability of the oil performance.

[0031] In this embodiment, the anti-oil mist agent is at least one of polyisobutylene, polyacrylate, and ethylene-propylene copolymer. The provided anti-oil mist agents are all high-molecular polymers, and their molecular chain length and structural characteristics enable them to suppress oil mist through the following mechanisms: Firstly, they reduce the surface tension of the cutting oil, slowing down the breakup and dispersion of oil droplets during compressed air atomization, thus preventing the formation of excessively long-suspended micro-oil mist particles in the air; secondly, the polymer chains can adsorb onto the surface of oil mist particles, preventing small particles from agglomerating into large oil droplets through steric hindrance, while simultaneously enhancing the settling properties of oil droplets and reducing the diffusion time and concentration of oil mist in the processing area. Furthermore, polyisobutylene, polyacrylate, and ethylene-propylene copolymer all possess excellent oil solubility and can be uniformly dispersed in low-viscosity synthetic base oils without affecting the oil's flowability and atomization performance due to precipitation.

[0032] Specifically, the pour point depressant is one or more of polymethyl methacrylate, alkyl naphthalene, and polyalphaolefin. At low temperatures, the waxy components in base oils easily form micro-wax crystals. If these wax crystals connect to form a three-dimensional network structure, it will cause the oil to solidify and lose its fluidity. Polymethyl methacrylate, alkyl naphthalene, and polyalphaolefin all contain segments complementary to the wax crystal structure in their molecular structures. These segments can be adsorbed onto the surface of the wax crystals, preventing further growth and aggregation through steric hindrance, thus breaking the network structure and significantly reducing the pour point of the oil. This ensures good fluidity at low temperatures and avoids problems such as pipe blockage and poor nozzle supply during winter or in low-temperature workshops. Simultaneously, polymethyl methacrylate has both pour point depressant and viscosity index improving functions, further enhancing the viscosity stability of the oil at high and low temperatures, making it suitable for processing environments with large diurnal temperature variations. Alkyl naphthalene has high pour point depressant efficiency, and a small amount is sufficient to achieve significant results. Polyalphaolefin has a structure similar to PAO base oils, and its synergistic effect further optimizes low-temperature fluidity and oxidation stability.

[0033] The base oil and extreme pressure anti-wear agent in this invention play a complementary role in titanium alloy machining. The base oil acts as a carrier for the extreme pressure anti-wear agent; the extreme pressure anti-wear agent is a compound containing active elements such as sulfur and phosphorus. Under the "trigger" of local high temperature and high pressure, these active elements undergo a tribochemical reaction with the exposed fresh metal surface, generating a solid compound film with a layered structure and low shear strength, giving the cutting oil excellent extreme pressure anti-wear properties. Furthermore, the cutting oil has good fluidity, allowing it to quickly penetrate the contact interface between the tool, workpiece, and chips, enhancing the precision of the machined workpiece and reducing tool wear. It has good corrosion inhibition properties, showing no corrosion to titanium alloy workpieces, high-temperature alloy tools, and copper alloy parts of machine tools, and can form an oil film to protect the high-temperature areas of the workpiece after machining from corrosion by oxygen, nitrogen, and hydrogen in the environment. It is safe and environmentally friendly, safe to store, non-irritating to the skin and respiratory tract during use, easily degradable, and environmentally friendly. It has high stability, maintaining its color and not separating during long-term storage.

[0034] This invention also provides a method for preparing a micro-cutting oil for titanium alloys, comprising the following steps: S1. Mix the base oil and extreme pressure anti-wear agent, stirring at 40–50°C until the solution is clear and transparent. Ensure the extreme pressure anti-wear agent is uniformly dispersed and dissolved in the base oil through gentle heating and thorough stirring.

[0035] S2. Add copper corrosion inhibitor and antioxidant to the solution and stir well. Both copper corrosion inhibitor and antioxidant are small molecule or low viscosity components, which can be easily and quickly dispersed in the already formed base oil-extreme pressure anti-wear agent system and are compatible with the system without additional heating; at the same time, adding these two components first allows them to adhere to the surface of base oil molecules or extreme pressure anti-wear agent particles in advance, so as to exert their corrosion inhibition and antioxidant effects in advance.

[0036] S3. Add the anti-fogging agent and pour point depressant to the solution, and stir until homogeneous to obtain the titanium alloy micro-cutting oil. The anti-fogging agent and pour point depressant are added last because both are high-molecular-weight polymers. Adding them too early may cause molecular chain aggregation due to prolonged mixing time with other components and temperature variations, thus affecting their function. Adding them after the system has formed a stable base allows for uniform dispersion through short-time stirring. This ensures that the anti-fogging agent effectively regulates the oil's surface tension and the pour point depressant precisely acts on the wax crystal structure, while avoiding adverse interactions with other components. Ultimately, this ensures that the finished cutting oil meets the required performance (flowability, anti-fogging, low-temperature stability, etc.) and complies with the requirements of micro-lubrication technology.

[0037] To further illustrate the titanium alloy micro-cutting oil and its preparation method provided by the present invention, the following examples and tests are provided.

[0038] The test method of the present invention (1) The test objects of the present invention are the original liquids of each embodiment and each comparative example, and the test objects are titanium alloy micro-cutting oil.

[0039] (2) Kinematic viscosity (40℃, mm) 2 / s)(GB / T 265, ASTM D445), Flash point (open cup, °C))(GB / T 3536, ASTM D92), Pour point ( °C))(GB / T 3535, ASTM D97), Copper strip corrosion (grade))(GB / T 5096, ASTM D130), Saponification value (mgKOH / g))(GB / T 5530.

[0040] (3) The extreme pressure performance test method shall be in accordance with GB / T12583-1998. Tester model: Xiamen Tianji MS-10A.

[0041] (4) Test method for tapping torque: Extrusion speed 800r / min, depth 8mm, maximum torque 500Ncm, cutting tool: TTT-M4F-T for Titan; TC4 titanium alloy: TTT-testbar 3.7164-M4F / 3.7 8mm.

[0042] Cutting speed: 800 r / min; depth of cut: 8 mm; maximum torque: 500 Ncm; cutting tool: TTT-M4C-Ni; TC4 titanium alloy: TTT-testbar 3.7164-M4F / 3.7 8 mm; testing instrument model: TAP TTTSystem-G8.

[0043] (5) Stability test method: The test object is sealed and left to stand at room temperature (25℃) for 12 hours and the state changes are observed; the test object is sealed and left to stand at low temperature (-13±2℃) for 24 hours and the changes are observed; the test object is sealed and left to stand at high temperature (70℃) for 5 hours and the changes are observed (GB / T 6144).

[0044] I. Examples of Base Oils Table 1. Components of Example 1, Example 1-1, Example 1-2, Example 1-3, Example 1-4 and Comparative Example 1

[0045] Table 2 Performance test results of Example 1, Example 1-1, Example 1-2, Example 1-3, Example 1-4 and Comparative Example 1

[0046] Table 2 compares the performance of different synthetic base oils with that of a conventional 150N base oil (Comparative Example 1), fully demonstrating the advantages of using synthetic base oils in this invention. Regarding viscosity control, the viscosity of each embodiment remained stable at 10.17–10.91 mmHg at 40°C. 2 / s, fully meeting the viscosity requirements of 8-12cSt for titanium alloy micro-cutting oil, and suitable for the atomization and flow needs of micro-lubrication systems. Comparative Example 1, using 150N base oil, has a viscosity as high as 32mm. 2 / s, far exceeding the reasonable range, can easily cause problems such as nozzle clogging and pipeline blockage in practical applications. Regarding extreme pressure performance, P in all embodiments... B Value and P D The values ​​are significantly higher than those in Comparative Example 1, indicating that the synthetic base oil has a stronger carrying and dispersing capacity for extreme pressure anti-wear agents. It can form a stable protective film under the high temperature and high pressure environment of titanium alloy machining, effectively resisting tool wear. In terms of machining efficiency, the tapping torque of each embodiment is lower than that of Comparative Example 1, and the frictional resistance is lower, which can reduce tool wear and ensure the surface accuracy of titanium alloy finishing. In addition, the saponification value, flash point, pour point, and copper strip corrosion (Grade 1a) of each embodiment all meet the usage standards, and the pour point is as low as -40℃, with excellent low-temperature fluidity, making it suitable for machining scenarios in different regions and seasons.

[0047] II. Examples of Extreme Pressure Anti-wear Agents Table 3. Components of Example 2, Example 2-1, Example 2-2, Example 2-3 and Comparative Example 2

[0048] Table 4 Performance test results of Example 2, Example 2-1, Example 2-2, Example 2-3 and Comparative Example 2

[0049] Table 4 illustrates the impact of extreme pressure anti-wear additive type on cutting oil performance, comparing the differences between sulfur-based and phosphorus-based extreme pressure anti-wear additives used alone or in combination and those without added extreme pressure anti-wear additives (Comparative Example 2), highlighting that extreme pressure anti-wear additives are the main additives ensuring cutting oil performance. Regarding extreme pressure anti-wear properties, Example P containing additives... B Value P D The values ​​were all significantly higher than those of Comparative Example 2, proving that the cutting oil without additives could not withstand the high-load friction during titanium alloy machining, easily leading to rapid tool wear. Sulfur-based and phosphorus-based additives effectively solved this problem by forming a high-temperature resistant, low-shear-strength chemical reaction film on the metal surface. Regarding viscosity and stability, the viscosity at 40°C in all examples met the requirements, while Comparative Example 2, lacking additive support, had a viscosity of only 6.26 mm. 2 The viscosity was too low, causing the lubricating film to easily break and preventing long-term lubrication. Meanwhile, the flash points of all embodiments were higher than those of Comparative Example 2, indicating superior high-temperature resistance and safety. Machining torque data further validated the advantages; the tapping torque of all embodiments was significantly lower than that of Comparative Example 2, demonstrating that the extreme pressure anti-wear agent effectively reduces the adhesion and friction between the tool and the titanium alloy, lowering machining energy consumption and the risk of workpiece surface defects.

[0050] It is understood that those skilled in the art can make equivalent substitutions or changes to the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, and all such changes or substitutions should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A titanium alloy micromachining oil, characterized by, By weight parts, including the following components: base oil 80-90 parts, extreme pressure anti-wear agent 5-10 parts, antioxidant 0.3-1 part, copper corrosion inhibitor 0.5-1 part, anti-oil agent 0.5-1 part, and pour point depressant 0.2-0.5 parts; the base oil is synthetic base oil, and its viscosity at 40℃ is 2-8 cSt; the viscosity of the titanium alloy micro-cutting oil at 40℃ is 8-12 cSt.

2. The titanium alloy micromachining oil according to claim 1, wherein, The synthetic base oil includes one or more of poly-1-decene, poly-1-octene, diethylene glycol diisooctanoate, dioctyl terephthalate, diisooctyl 1,2-octanedioate, diisooctyl tetracosanoate, 1-octyl-2-ethylhexyl alcohol ester, hexadecane, octadecane, dimethyl dicycloalkenyl ester.

3. The titanium alloy micromachining oil of claim 1, wherein, The extreme pressure anti-wear agent is at least one of a phosphorus-based extreme pressure anti-wear agent and a sulfur-based extreme pressure anti-wear agent.

4. The titanium alloy micromachining oil of claim 3, wherein, The phosphorus-based extreme pressure anti-wear agent is at least one of diethyl phosphate dioctyl ester and triethyl phosphate ester.

5. The titanium alloy micromachining oil of claim 3, wherein, The sulfur-based extreme pressure anti-wear agent is at least one of molybdenum disulfide and diene-based disulfide.

6. The titanium alloy micromachining oil of claim 1, wherein, The antioxidant is one or more of the reaction product of N-phenyl aniline and 2,4,4-trimethylpentene, N-phenyl-alpha-naphthylamine, alkyl phenothiazine, 4,4-dioctyl diphenylamine, and 2,6-di-tert-butyl amino p-cresol.

7. The titanium alloy micromachining oil of claim 1, wherein, The copper corrosion inhibitor is one or more of mercaptobenzothiazole, benzotriazole, methyl benzotriazole, and sodium salt of methyl benzotriazole.

8. The titanium alloy micromachining oil of claim 1, wherein, The anti-oil agent is at least one of polyisobutylene, polyacrylate, and ethylene propylene copolymer.

9. The titanium alloy micromachining oil of claim 1, wherein, The pour point depressant is one or more of polymethyl acrylate, alkylated naphthalene, and poly-alpha-olefin.

10. A method of producing a titanium alloy micromachining oil, characterized by, The method comprises the following steps: S1. Mix the base oil and the extreme pressure anti-wear agent, and stir at 40-50℃ until the solution is clear and transparent; S2. Add the copper corrosion inhibitor and the antioxidant to the solution, and stir until uniform; S3. Add the anti-oil agent and the pour point depressant to the solution, stir until uniform, and obtain the titanium alloy micro-cutting oil according to any one of claims 1-9.

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