Protective device for pile foundation drilling

Abstract

The invention provides a protection device for pile foundation drilling, belongs to the field of building construction, and is used for solving the problems of personnel and equipment falling risks and hole wall collapse risks after pile foundation drilling construction. Comprising a base, two supporting mechanisms and a fixing mechanism. In the first state, the structure is compact, and transportation and temporary hole covering are facilitated; in the second state, through the first fixing rod capable of being adjusted in the radial direction and the second fixing rod capable of vertically stretching in, the device can adapt to drill holes with different diameters and depths; the outer side wall of the second fixing rod directly abuts against the inner side wall of the drill hole, effective radial support is formed for a soil body area which is located above the hole opening and prone to collapse, the risk of hole wall collapse caused by soil body stress release, rain wash or peripheral construction disturbance is greatly reduced, and the hole forming quality and subsequent process safety are guaranteed; meanwhile, in the second state, the lifted hole opening (defined by the third fixing rod) also forms an additional safety warning and buffering area, and the risk of accidental falling is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of building construction, and in particular relates to a protective device for pile foundation drilling. Background Technology

[0002] In civil engineering construction such as highways, railways, bridges, and buildings, pile foundations are a crucial load-bearing structural form, with bored cast-in-place piles being the most widely used. The standard construction process includes: surveying and positioning, installing the casing, drilling, cleaning the hole, lowering the reinforcing cage, and pouring concrete.

[0003] In current construction practices, during the interval between drilling operations and concrete pouring (including processes such as borehole cleaning, testing, and rebar cage hoisting), the issue of temporary protection for the borehole opening and its walls is becoming increasingly prominent, mainly presenting the following technical problems and safety risks: Risk of personnel and equipment falling into the borehole: After construction is completed, the borehole is usually left open or only lightly covered. The construction site environment is complex, and personnel frequently work together. If warnings are unclear or protection is inadequate, accidents can easily occur where construction workers, small machinery, tools, or materials on the ground fall into the borehole, causing serious casualties and property damage, and subsequent rescue and handling are extremely difficult.

[0004] Borehole wall collapse risk: After drilling, the original stress balance of the borehole wall soil is disrupted. While awaiting subsequent processes, the borehole wall soil is exposed to the air and is highly susceptible to localized or even large-scale collapses at the top of the borehole due to factors such as weather (e.g., rain erosion), ground vibration (e.g., nearby machinery movement, vehicle traffic), changes in groundwater seepage, or poor inherent stability. This not only directly leads to the scrapping of completed boreholes or the need for secondary treatment, causing project delays and economic losses, but also may trigger a chain reaction due to borehole wall instability, endangering the safety of surrounding work areas and adjacent pile holes. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art described above, the purpose of this invention is to provide a protective device for pile foundation drilling, which solves the problems of personnel and equipment falling and hole wall collapse risks after pile foundation drilling construction in the prior art.

[0006] To achieve the above object and other related objects, the present application provides a pile foundation drilling protection device, which comprises a base, two groups of supporting mechanisms and a fixing mechanism; the center of the base is provided with a first through hole corresponding to the drilling; the supporting mechanisms and the fixing mechanism are arranged on the base; the two groups of supporting mechanisms are symmetrically arranged on the base; each group of supporting mechanisms comprises a plurality of first fixing rods, a plurality of second fixing rods, a plurality of adapters, a plurality of third fixing rods and a limiting assembly; the first fixing rods, the second fixing rods, the adapters and the third fixing rods are arranged one by one in correspondence; the first fixing rods are arranged on the base in a first direction; the first fixing rods can slide on the base in a second direction; the first direction and the second direction are arranged perpendicularly; the first end of the adapter is rotatably connected with the first end of the first fixing rod; the second fixing rod is sleeved with the second end of the adapter; the second fixing rod is in a sleeve structure; the first end of the third fixing rod is slidably arranged in the second fixing rod; the limiting assembly is used for fixing the first fixing rod on the base; the supporting mechanism has a first state and a second state; in the first state, the axis of the second fixing rod is arranged in parallel with the axis of the first fixing rod; the first fixing rods of the two groups of supporting mechanisms are close to the center; the limiting assembly fixes the first fixing rod on the base; in the second state, the axis of the second fixing rod is arranged perpendicularly with the axis of the first fixing rod; the second fixing rod is partially arranged in the drilling; the outer side wall of the second fixing rod abuts against the inner side wall of the drilling; the third fixing rod is arranged outside the drilling; the fixing mechanism is connected with the second end of the third fixing rod to fix the third fixing rod; the limiting assembly fixes the first fixing rod on the base.

[0007] Optionally, the limiting assembly comprises two supporting columns, a connecting piece, a first driving piece, a limiting piece and two first guide pieces; the two supporting columns are arranged on the base in a spaced manner; the connecting piece is arranged on the top of the two supporting columns; the fixed end of the first driving piece is arranged on the lower side of the connecting piece; the output end of the first driving piece is connected with the limiting piece; one first guide piece is arranged on each supporting column; the limiting piece is slidably connected with the first guide piece; in the first state, the limiting piece is connected with the first fixing rod and the third fixing rod to fix the first fixing rod and the third fixing rod on the base; in the second state, the limiting piece is connected with the first fixing rod to fix the first fixing rod on the base.

[0008] Optionally, the limiting assembly further comprises a first guide seat and a second guide seat arranged on the base; a plurality of mounting holes are arranged on the first guide seat in a spaced manner in the first direction; one first fixing rod is arranged in each mounting hole; a plurality of first U-shaped grooves are arranged on the second mounting seat in a spaced manner in the first direction; each first U-shaped groove is arranged in correspondence with a first fixing rod; a second U-shaped groove is arranged on the lower side of the limiting piece in correspondence with a first fixing rod; the first U-shaped groove and the corresponding second U-shaped groove enclose a fixing hole for fixing the first fixing rod.

[0009] Optionally, a plurality of first tooth-shaped structures are arranged on the outer side wall of the first fixed rod at intervals; and a second tooth-shaped structure for connecting with the first tooth-shaped structure is arranged on the inner side wall of the second U-shaped groove.

[0010] Optionally, the fixing mechanism comprises a fixing base, a lifting assembly, a take-up assembly, a traction assembly and a fixing cable; the fixing base is in sliding connection with the support column; the lifting assembly is used to drive the fixing base to slide up and down along the support column; a second through hole is arranged at the center of the fixing base, and the axis of the second through hole is arranged to coincide with the axis of the first through hole; the take-up assembly is arranged on the fixing base; the traction assembly is slidably arranged on the fixing base; the first end of the fixing cable is connected with the take-up assembly, and the second end is connected with the traction assembly; the traction assembly is used to drive the second end of the fixing cable to move along the circumference of the second through hole, so that the fixing cable is connected with the third fixed rod to fix the third fixed rod.

[0011] Optionally, the lifting assembly comprises a second driving member and a plurality of second guide members; one second guide member is arranged on each support column, and the fixing base is in sliding connection with the second guide members; the fixed end of the second driving member is arranged on the fixing base, and the output end thereof is connected with the base, and is used to drive the fixing base to move up and down.

[0012] Optionally, the take-up assembly comprises a third driving member, a winding wheel and a first band brake; the third driving member is arranged on the fixing base; the winding wheel is connected with the output end of the third driving member; the first end of the fixing cable is connected with the winding wheel, and the fixing cable is partially wound on the winding wheel; and the first band brake is connected with the third driving member.

[0013] Optionally, the traction assembly comprises an annular guide member, a gear, a fourth driving member, a mounting base and a second band brake; the annular guide member is arranged on the upper side of the fixing base; a gear ring is arranged on the inner side wall of the second through hole; the mounting base is in sliding connection with the annular guide member; the fourth driving member is arranged on the mounting base, and the output end thereof is connected with the gear; the gear is in meshing connection with the gear ring; the second end of the fixing cable is connected with the mounting base; and the second band brake is connected with the fourth driving member.

[0014] Optionally, the traction assembly further comprises a fixing ring, the fixing ring is rotatably connected with the mounting base, and the second end of the fixing cable is connected with the fixing ring.

[0015] Optionally, a flange is arranged on the second end of the third fixed rod, and the flange is used to abut against the fixing cable.

[0016] As described above, the pile drilling protection device has at least the following beneficial effects: 1. Integration and versatility: The invention realizes the rapid switching of the two core protection functions (fall prevention and hole wall collapse prevention) required during the construction interval of pile foundation drilling through an integrated device. In the first state, the structure is compact, facilitating transportation and temporary covering of the hole opening; in the second state, it can quickly deploy and provide active support deep into the hole, achieving one machine with multiple functions, significantly improving the utilization rate and management efficiency of construction equipment.

[0017] 2. Active hole wall support, significant anti-collapse effect: In the second state, through the radially adjustable first fixed rod and vertically extendable second fixed rod, the device can adapt to different diameters and depths of the drilling hole. The outer wall of the second fixed rod directly abuts the inner wall of the drilling hole, forming effective radial support for the area of the soil above the hole opening that is prone to collapse, greatly reducing the risk of hole wall collapse due to soil stress release, rainwater erosion, or surrounding construction disturbance, ensuring the quality of the hole and the safety of subsequent processes.

[0018] At the same time, in the second state, the elevated "hole opening" (formed by the third fixed rod) also forms an additional safety warning and buffer area, reducing the risk of accidental falling. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0019] Fig. 1 shows a perspective view of a pile foundation drilling protection device according to the present invention.

[0020] Fig. 2 shows another perspective view of a pile foundation drilling protection device according to the present invention.

[0021] Fig. 3 shows a structural diagram of the support mechanism of a pile foundation drilling protection device according to the present invention.

[0022] Element Number Description: 1, base, 11, first through hole, 2, support mechanism, 21, first fixed rod, 211, first toothed structure, 22, second fixed rod, 23, adapter, 24, third fixed rod, 241, flange, 25, limiting assembly, 251, support column, 252, connecting piece, 253, first driving piece, 254, limiting piece, 2541, second U-shaped groove, 255, first guide piece, 256, first guide seat, 257, second guide seat, 3, fixing mechanism, 31, fixing seat, 311, second through hole, 312, gear ring, 32, lifting assembly, 321, second driving piece, 322, second guide piece, 33, take-up assembly, 331, third driving piece, 332, winding wheel, 333, first band brake, 34, traction assembly, 341, annular guide piece, 342, gear, 343, fourth driving piece, 344, mounting seat, 345, second band brake, 346, fixed ring, 35, fixed cable. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The present application will be described with reference to the following non-limiting Examples. Other advantages and novel features of the present application will become apparent from the following detailed description of the application when considered in conjunction with the drawings.

[0024] Please refer to the following drawings. It should be understood that the structure, proportion, size and the like shown in the drawings of the present specification are only used to cooperate with the content disclosed in the specification for understanding and reading by those skilled in the art, and are not used to limit the defined conditions under which the present application can be implemented, so they do not have technical significance. Any modification of the structure, change of the proportional relationship or adjustment of the size, without affecting the effects and purposes that can be achieved by the present application, should still fall within the scope of the technical content disclosed by the present application. At the same time, the terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "middle" and "one" used in the specification are only for the convenience of clear description, and are not used to limit the scope of the present application, and the change or adjustment of the relative relationship is also considered as the implementation of the present application without changing the technical content.

[0025] The following examples are only for illustration. Various embodiments can be combined, which are not limited to the content shown in the following single embodiment.

[0026] Please refer to Figs. 1-3 The present application provides a pile foundation drilling protection device, comprising a base 1, two groups of supporting mechanisms 2 and fixing mechanisms 3.

[0027] The base 1 is provided with a first through hole 11 corresponding to the drilling. The supporting mechanisms 2 and the fixing mechanisms 3 are arranged on the base 1.

[0028] The two groups of supporting mechanisms 2 are symmetrically arranged on the base 1, and each group of supporting mechanisms 2 comprises a plurality of first fixing rods 21, a plurality of second fixing rods 22, a plurality of adapters 23, a plurality of third fixing rods 24 and a limiting assembly 25; the first fixing rod 21, the second fixing rod 22, the adapter 23 and the third fixing rod 24 are arranged one by one. The plurality of first fixing rods 21 of each group of supporting mechanisms 2 are arranged on the base 1 in a first direction, the first fixing rod 21 can slide on the base 1 in a second direction, and the first direction and the second direction are arranged vertically.

[0029] The first end of the adapter 23 is rotatably connected with the first end of the first fixing rod 21, which can be hinged. The second end of the adapter 23 is a sleeve structure, and the second fixing rod 22 is slidingly sleeved on the second end of the adapter 23. The second fixing rod 22 is a sleeve structure, and the sliding first end of the third fixing rod 24 is slidingly arranged in the second fixing rod 22. The limiting assembly 25 is used to fix the first fixing rod 21 on the base 1.

[0030] The support mechanism 2 has a first state and a second state: in the first state, the axis of the second fixed rod 22 is arranged in parallel with the axis of the first fixed rod 21, the first fixed rods 21 of the two sets of support mechanisms 2 are moved towards the center and abut, at this time, the first fixed rods 21 of the two sets of support mechanisms 2 form a plane to close the opening of the first through hole 11, so as to realize the closure of the drill hole and avoid the personnel or equipment from falling into the drill hole. The limiting assembly 25 fixes the first fixed rod 21 on the base 1 to avoid the change of the relative position between the first fixed rod 21 and the base 1.

[0031] In the second state, the axis of the second fixed rod 22 is arranged in perpendicular with the axis of the first fixed rod 21, and the second fixed rod 22 is partially located in the drill hole, the outer side wall of the second fixed rod 22 abuts with the inner side wall of the drill hole; the third fixed rod 24 is located outside the drill hole, the fixing mechanism 3 is connected with the second end of the plurality of third fixed rods 24 to fix the third fixed rod 24; the limiting assembly 25 fixes the first fixed rod 21 on the base 1.

[0032] When changing from the first state to the second state, the operator first cancels the fixing effect of the limiting assembly 25 on the first fixed rod 21, and then drives the first fixed rod 21 to move along the second direction according to the size of the drill hole, so that the first fixed rods 21 of the two sets of support mechanisms 2 cancel the closure effect on the through hole. And drive the adapter 23 to rotate, so that the axis of the second fixed rod 22 is arranged in perpendicular with the axis of the first fixed rod 21, at this time, since the second fixed rod 22 and the adapter 23 are in sliding fit, the second fixed rod 22 enters the drill hole under the action of its own gravity. With the continuous movement of the first fixed rod 21, the outer side wall of the second fixed rod 22 extending into the through hole abuts with the inner side wall of the drill hole, and at this time, the plurality of second fixed rods 22 enclose a circular ring structure.

[0033] Then the operator can fix the first fixed rod 21 on the base 1 by using the limiting assembly 25, and pull out the third fixed rod 24 from the second fixed rod 22 and fix it by using the fixing mechanism 3. In this way, the inner side wall of the drill hole is supported by the second fixed rod 22 to avoid the influence of engineering disturbance or environmental change, etc. to cause the local or large-scale collapse of the top area of the drill hole. In addition, the third fixed rod 24 also encloses a circular ring structure, which lifts the "hole opening" of the drill hole to avoid the personnel or equipment on the ground from falling into the drill hole, causing serious personnel casualties and property losses.

[0034] Each limiting assembly 25 comprises two support columns 251, a connecting piece 252, a first driving piece 253, a limiting piece 254 and two first guide pieces 255. The two support columns 251 are arranged on the base 1 in a spaced manner, and the connecting piece 252 is arranged on the top of the two support columns 251, so that the support columns 251 and the connecting piece 252 form a portal frame structure. The first driving piece 253 is a telescopic cylinder, and the fixed end of the first driving piece 253 is arranged on the lower side of the connecting piece 252, and the output end of the first driving piece 253 is connected with the limiting piece 254. The first guide piece 255 is a guide rail, and one first guide piece 255 is arranged on each support column 251, and the limiting piece 254 is slidably connected with the first guide piece 255 through a sliding block.

[0035] In the first state, the limiting piece 254 is connected with the first fixed rod 21 to fix the first fixed rod 21 on the base 1. The limiting piece 254 also abuts against the third fixed rod 24 to fix the third fixed rod 24 on the base 1, so as to avoid that the third fixed rod 24 slides in the second fixed rod 22.

[0036] In the second state, the limiting piece 254 is connected with the first fixed rod 21 to fix the first fixed rod 21 on the base 1.

[0037] When the first state is changed to the second state, the first driving piece 253 drives the limiting piece 254 to move upward to cancel the connection between the limiting piece 254 and the first fixed rod 21 and the third fixed rod 24. Then, the operator drives the first fixed rod 21 to move, so that the first fixed rod 21 opens the drill hole, and the second fixed rod 22 extends into the drill hole and abuts against the inner side wall of the drill hole. Then, the first driving piece 253 drives the limiting piece 254 to move downward again to fix the first fixed rod 21 on the base 1 by the limiting piece 254.

[0038] The limiting assembly 25 further comprises a first guide seat 256 and a second guide seat 257 arranged on the base 1 in a spaced manner. The first guide seat 256 is provided with a plurality of mounting holes for the first fixed rod 21 to pass through in a first direction in a spaced manner. One first fixed rod 21 is arranged in each mounting hole, and the first fixed rod 21 is slidably connected with the mounting hole. The second guide seat 257 is provided with a plurality of first U-shaped grooves for connecting with the first fixed rod 21 in the first direction in a spaced manner, and each first U-shaped groove is arranged corresponding to one first fixed rod 21. The lower side of the limiting piece 254 is provided with a plurality of second U-shaped grooves for connecting with the first fixed rod 21, and each second U-shaped groove is arranged corresponding to one first fixed rod 21. When the first fixed rod 21 is fixed on the base 1 by the limiting piece 254, the first U-shaped groove and the corresponding second U-shaped groove form a fixing hole for fixing the first fixed rod 21.

[0039] A plurality of first toothed structures 211 are arranged on the outer side wall of the first fixed rod 21 at intervals, and a second toothed structure connected with the first toothed structure 211 is arranged on the inner side wall of the second U-shaped groove. When the limiting piece 254 is connected with the first fixed rod 21, the connection of the first toothed structure 211 and the second toothed structure can ensure that the first fixed rod 21 cannot move relative to the base 1 in the second direction.

[0040] The limiting piece 254 further comprises an abutting plate arranged on the side wall facing the first through hole 11, and the abutting plate is integrally formed with the limiting piece 254. The lower side of the abutting plate is used to abut against the outer side wall of the third fixed rod 24, and the side wall of the limiting piece 254 facing the first through hole 11 is used to abut against the second end of the third fixed rod 24, so as to fix the third fixed rod 24 on the base 1.

[0041] The fixing mechanism 3 comprises a fixing seat 31, a lifting assembly 32, a take-up assembly 33, a traction assembly 34 and a fixing cable 35. The fixing seat 31 is in sliding connection with the support column 251, and the lifting assembly 32 is used to drive the fixing seat 31 to slide up and down along the support column 251. The fixing seat 31 is provided with a second through hole 311 at the center, and the axis of the second through hole 311 is arranged in coincidence with the axis of the first through hole 11. The take-up assembly 33 is arranged on the fixing seat 31. The traction assembly 34 is slidably arranged on the fixing seat 31, and the first end of the fixing cable 35 is connected with the take-up assembly 33, and the second end is connected with the traction assembly 34. The traction assembly 34 is used to drive the second end of the fixing cable 35 to move along the circumference of the second through hole 311, so as to connect the fixing cable 35 with the third fixed rod 24, and fix the third fixed rod 24.

[0042] The lifting assembly 32 can comprise a second driving piece 321 and a plurality of second guide pieces 322. One second guide piece 322 is arranged on each support column 251, and the second guide piece 322 can be a guide rail. The fixing seat 31 is in sliding connection with the second guide piece 322 through a sliding block. The second driving piece 321 is a gas cylinder, and its fixed end is arranged on the fixing seat 31, and its output end is connected with the base 1, and is used to drive the fixing seat 31 to move up and down along the second guide piece 322.

[0043] The take-up assembly 33 comprises a third driving piece 331, a winding wheel 332 and a first brake 333. The third driving piece 331 can be a motor, and is arranged on the fixing seat 31. The winding wheel 332 is coaxially arranged with the output end of the third driving piece 331. The fixing cable 35 can be a steel cable or a fiber cable, and its first end is connected with the winding wheel 332, and part of the fixing cable 35 is wound on the winding wheel 332. The first brake 333 is a motor brake, and is connected with the third driving piece 331.

[0044] The traction assembly 34 comprises a ring guide 341, a gear 342, a fourth driving member 343, a mounting seat 344 and a second brake 345. The ring guide 341 is a ring guide rail arranged on the upper side of the fixed seat 31. The mounting seat 344 is a U-shaped structure, one side wall of which is slidably connected with the ring guide 341 through a sliding block, and the other side wall is arranged opposite to the lower side of the fixed seat 31. A gear ring 312 is arranged on the inner side wall of the second through hole 311. The fourth driving member 343 is a motor arranged on the mounting seat 344, and the output end thereof is connected with the gear 342, which is engaged with the gear ring 312. The second end of the fixed cable 35 is connected with the mounting seat 344, specifically with the side wall of the mounting seat 344 located on the lower side of the fixed seat 31. The second brake 345 is a motor brake connected with the fourth driving member 343.

[0045] The traction assembly 34 further comprises a fixing ring 346 rotatably connected with the mounting seat 344, specifically, a rotating hole can be arranged on the side wall of the mounting seat 344 located below the fixed seat 31, and the fixing ring 346 is rotatably connected with the rotating hole through a bearing. The second end of the fixed cable 35 is connected with the fixing ring 346, specifically, can be tied on the fixing ring 346. A flange 241 is arranged on the second end of the third fixed rod 24, which is used to abut against the fixed cable 35.

[0046] In the first state, the traction assembly 34 is in an initial position, which is close to the take-up assembly 33. When the support mechanism 2 is changed from the first state to the second state, the second fixed rod 22 enters into the drill hole by its own gravity and abuts against the inner side wall of the drill hole. The lifting assembly 32 drives the fixed seat 31 to move downward, and then the third driving member 331 drives the winding wheel 332 to rotate to realize the pay-off operation. In the process of movement of the third driving member 331, the fourth driving member 343 drives the gear 342 to rotate, and then drives the mounting seat 344 to move along the ring guide rail, so as to wrap the fixed cable 35 outside the circular ring formed by the plurality of third fixed rods 24 and form a complete ring outside the circular ring formed by the plurality of third fixed rods 24. Then the second brake 345 brakes the fourth driving member 343, and the third driving member 331 drives the winding wheel 332 to rotate reversely, so as to wind the slack fixed cable 35 on the winding wheel 332, so that the fixed cable 35 is wound outside the circular ring formed by the third fixed rods 24. Then the first brake 333 brakes the third driving member 331.

[0047] Finally, the second driving member 321 drives the fixed seat 31 to move upward along the support column 251, so as to drive the take-up assembly 33 and the traction assembly 34 to move upward. At this time, the fixed cable 35 is in abutment with the flange 241 arranged on the second end of the third fixed rod 24, so as to drive the third fixed rod 24 to stretch out from the second fixed rod 22, so as to lift the "orifice" of the drill hole. At this time, the connecting point of the fixed cable 35 and the third fixed rod 24 is located on the outer side wall of the second end of the third fixed rod 24, and the outer side wall of the second fixed rod 22 is in abutment with the inner side wall of the drill hole, so as to realize the support of the inner side wall of the top region of the drill hole by the second fixed rod 22.

[0048] In summary, the present application effectively overcomes the shortcomings in the prior art and has high industrial utilization value.

[0049] The above embodiments only exemplarily illustrate the principles and effects of the present application, and are not used to limit the present application. Any person skilled in the art can modify or change the above embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application. Therefore, all equivalent modifications or changes completed by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and technical thought of the present application should be covered by the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A protection device for a pile foundation borehole, characterized in that The utility model relates to a drilling support device, including: Base (1), two groups of support mechanism (2) and fixed mechanism (3); The first through hole (11) corresponding with the drilling hole is arranged at the center of the base (1), and the support mechanism (2) and the fixed mechanism (3) are arranged on the base (1); Two groups of support mechanism (2) are symmetrically arranged on the base (1), each group of support mechanism (2) includes a plurality of first fixed rod (21), a plurality of second fixed rod (22), a plurality of adapter (23), a plurality of third fixed rod (24) and limiting assembly (25), and the first fixed rod (21), the second fixed rod (22), the adapter (23) and the third fixed rod (24) are arranged one by one; A plurality of first fixed rods (21) are arranged on the base (1) in a first direction, and the first fixed rod (21) can slide on the base (1) in a second direction;The first direction and the second direction are vertically arranged; The first end of the adapter (23) is rotatably connected with the first end of the first fixed rod (21), and the second fixed rod (22) is slidably sleeved with the second end of the adapter (23); The second fixed rod (22) is a sleeve structure, and the first end of the third fixed rod (24) is slidably arranged in the second fixed rod (22); The limiting assembly (25) is used for fixing the first fixed rod (21) on the base (1); The support mechanism (2) has a first state and a second state: in the first state, the axis of the second fixed rod (22) is arranged in parallel with the axis of the first fixed rod (21), and the first fixed rods (21) of two groups of support mechanism (2) are close to the center;The limiting assembly (25) fixes the first fixed rod (21) on the base (1); In the second state, the axis of the second fixed rod (22) is arranged in perpendicular with the axis of the first fixed rod (21), and the second fixed rod (22) is partially located in the drilling hole, and the outer side wall of the second fixed rod (22) abuts with the inner side wall of the drilling hole;The third fixed rod (24) is located outside the drilling hole, the fixed mechanism (3) is connected with the second end of a plurality of third fixed rods (24) to fix the third fixed rod (24), and the limiting assembly (25) fixes the first fixed rod (21) on the base (1).

2. A pile drilling guard according to claim 1, characterised in that: The limiting assembly (25) includes two support columns (251), a connecting piece (252), a first driving piece (253), a limiting piece (254) and two first guide pieces (255); Two support columns (251) are arranged on the base (1) with a spacing, and the connecting piece (252) is arranged on the top of the two support columns (251); The fixed end of the first driving member (253) is arranged on the lower side of the connecting member (252), and the output end of the first driving member (253) is connected with the limiting member (254); each support column (251) is provided with a first guide member (255); the limiting member (254) is in sliding connection with the first guide member (255); In the first state, the limiting member (254) is connected with the first fixed rod (21) and the third fixed rod (24) to fix the first fixed rod (21) and the third fixed rod (24) on the base (1); In the second state, the limiting member (254) is connected with the first fixed rod (21) to fix the first fixed rod (21) on the base (1).

3. A pile drilling shield according to claim 2, wherein: The limiting assembly (25) further comprises a first guide seat (256) and a second guide seat (257) arranged on the base (1), the first guide seat (256) is provided with a plurality of mounting holes arranged at intervals in the first direction, and each mounting hole is provided with a first fixed rod (21); the second guide seat (257) is provided with a plurality of first U-shaped grooves arranged at intervals in the first direction, and each U-shaped groove is provided with a first fixed rod (21); The lower side of the limiting member (254) is provided with a second U-shaped groove, and each second U-shaped groove is provided with a first fixed rod (21), and the first U-shaped groove and the corresponding second U-shaped groove form a fixing hole for fixing the first fixed rod (21).

4. A pile drilling guard according to claim 3, wherein: The outer side wall of the first fixed rod (21) is provided with a plurality of first tooth-shaped structures (211) arranged at intervals; The inner side wall of the second U-shaped groove is provided with a second tooth-shaped structure for connecting with the first tooth-shaped structure (211).

5. A pile drilling shield according to claim 2, characterised in that: The fixing mechanism (3) comprises a fixing seat (31), a lifting assembly (32), a take-up assembly (33), a traction assembly (34) and a fixing cable (35); The fixing seat (31) is in sliding connection with the support column (251), the lifting assembly (32) is used for driving the fixing seat (31) to slide up and down along the support column (251); the center of the fixing seat (31) is provided with a second through hole (311), and the axis of the second through hole (311) is arranged in coincidence with the axis of the first through hole (11); The take-up assembly (33) is arranged on the fixing seat (31); The traction assembly (34) is slidably arranged on the fixing seat (31), the first end of the fixing cable (35) is connected with the take-up assembly (33), and the second end is connected with the traction assembly (34); The traction assembly (34) is used for driving the second end of the fixing cable (35) to move along the circumference of the second through hole (311), so that the fixing cable (35) is connected with the third fixed rod (24) to fix the third fixed rod (24).

6. A pile drilling shield according to claim 5, characterised in that: The lifting assembly (32) comprises a second driving member (321) and a plurality of second guide members (322). A second guide (322) is arranged on each support column (251), and the fixed seat (31) is in sliding connection with the second guide (322); A fixed end of the second driving member (321) is arranged on the fixed seat (31), and an output end thereof is connected with the base (1) to drive the fixed seat (31) to move up and down.

7. A pile drilling guard according to claim 6, characterised in that: The take-up assembly (33) comprises a third driving member (331), a winding wheel (332) and a first holding brake (333); the third driving member (331) is arranged on the fixed seat (31), the winding wheel (332) is connected with an output end of the third driving member (331), a first end of the fixed cable (35) is connected with the winding wheel (332), and the fixed cable (35) is partially wound on the winding wheel (332); The first holding brake (333) is connected with the third driving member (331).

8. A pile drilling guard according to claim 7, characterised in that: The traction assembly (34) comprises an annular guide (341), a gear (342), a fourth driving member (343), a mounting seat (344) and a second holding brake (345); The annular guide (341) is arranged on an upper side of the fixed seat (31), and an inner side wall of the second through hole (311) is provided with a gear ring (312); The mounting seat (344) is in sliding connection with the annular guide (341); The fourth driving member (343) is arranged on the mounting seat (344), and an output end thereof is connected with the gear (342), and the gear (342) is in meshing connection with the gear ring (312); A second end of the fixed cable (35) is connected with the mounting seat (344); The second holding brake (345) is connected with the fourth driving member (343).

9. A pile drilling guard according to claim 8, characterised in that: The traction assembly (34) further comprises a fixing ring (346), the fixing ring (346) is rotatably connected with the mounting seat (344), and the second end of the fixed cable (35) is connected with the fixing ring (346).

10. A pile drilling guard according to claim 9, characterised in that: A flange (241) is arranged on a second end of the third fixed rod (24), and the flange (241) is used for abutting against the fixed cable (35).

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