Coal gangue sorting treatment device

Abstract

The invention discloses a coal gangue sorting treatment device, and belongs to the technical field of material sorting. Comprising a first sorting mechanism, a second sorting mechanism and an anti-blocking mechanism, the second sorting mechanism comprises a rotational flow groove; a flow dividing plate is arranged at the tail end of the rotational flow groove and divides the rotational flow groove into flow dividing grooves on the inner side and the outer side, and the flow dividing grooves are connected with discharging pipes; the anti-blocking mechanism is arranged at the discharging pipe and comprises a dredging assembly, the dredging assembly comprises a sleeve and a rolling brush, and the sleeve is in sliding connection with the discharging pipe; the rolling brush is linked with the sleeve, when the pipe opening of the discharging pipe is blocked, the sleeve retracts to enable the rolling brush to descend to the pipe opening of the discharging pipe for unblocking, and when the discharging pipe is unblocked, the sleeve extends to enable the rolling brush to be far away from the pipe opening of the discharging pipe; the device can automatically respond to blocking, and mechanism abrasion is reduced; the problem that the sorting effect is not stable for coal gangues with different granularities and properties is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of material sorting technology, specifically a coal gangue sorting and processing device. Background Technology

[0002] Coal, as an important energy resource, plays a crucial role in industrial production and daily life. With the continuous increase in coal mining, the amount of coal gangue produced is also growing rapidly. Coal gangue is a solid waste generated during coal mining and washing. Its large-scale accumulation not only occupies land resources but also pollutes the surrounding environment.

[0003] Therefore, effective sorting and processing of coal gangue is of great practical significance. On the one hand, sorting can recover coal resources from coal gangue and improve resource utilization. On the other hand, reasonable grading of coal gangue can help its comprehensive utilization in building materials and other fields, and promote the recycling and sustainable development of resources.

[0004] Traditional coal gangue sorting methods suffer from low sorting efficiency. Manual sorting is slow, labor-intensive, and difficult to meet the needs of large-scale production. Although gravity separation and flotation methods can process large quantities of coal gangue, the sorting effect is unstable for coal gangue of different particle sizes and properties, and incomplete separation of coal and gangue is common, making it impossible to achieve precise grading of coal gangue.

[0005] Therefore, in view of the above situation, there is an urgent need to develop a coal gangue sorting and processing device to overcome the shortcomings in current practical applications. Summary of the Invention

[0006] This invention overcomes the shortcomings of the prior art and proposes a coal gangue sorting and processing device; solving the problem of unstable sorting effect for coal gangue of different particle sizes and properties.

[0007] This invention is achieved through the following technical solution: A coal gangue sorting and processing device includes a first sorting mechanism for crushing and initially sorting coal gangue, a second sorting mechanism for further sorting the crushed coal gangue, and an anti-clogging mechanism for clearing the blocked outlet of the second sorting mechanism. The second sorting mechanism includes a vortex trough. A flow divider plate is provided at the tail end of the vortex trough, dividing the vortex trough into inner and outer flow dividers, which are connected to a discharge pipe. The anti-clogging mechanism is located at the discharge pipe and includes a clearing component. The clearing component includes a sleeve and a roller brush, with the sleeve slidably connected to the discharge pipe. The roller brush is linked to the sleeve. When the discharge pipe opening is blocked, the sleeve retracts, causing the roller brush to descend to the discharge pipe opening for clearing the blockage. When the discharge pipe is unobstructed, the sleeve extends, causing the roller brush to move away from the discharge pipe opening.

[0008] Furthermore, the diverter plate divides the vortex channel into a first diverter channel and a second diverter channel, with the first diverter channel located on the outer side and the second diverter channel located on the inner side. A baffle plate is provided on the outlet of the vortex channel, and a first discharge port and a second discharge port are provided on the baffle plate. A first discharge pipe is obliquely arranged downward on the first discharge port, and a second discharge pipe is obliquely arranged downward on the second discharge port. The first discharge pipe is connected to the first diverter channel, and the second discharge pipe is connected to the second diverter channel.

[0009] Furthermore, the anti-clogging mechanism includes a first unblocking component and a second unblocking component. The first unblocking component is disposed on the first discharge pipe, and the second unblocking component is disposed on the second discharge pipe. The first unblocking component and the second unblocking component have the same structure.

[0010] Furthermore, the first unblocking component includes a first retaining ring, which is fixedly disposed at the tail end of the first discharge pipe. A sleeve is provided over the first retaining ring, and a second retaining ring is provided at one end of the sleeve facing the first discharge port. A buffer spring is sleeved on the first discharge pipe located between the first retaining ring and the second retaining ring, and the two ends of the buffer spring are respectively connected to the first retaining ring and the second retaining ring.

[0011] Furthermore, fixing plates are provided on both sides of the sleeve, and one side of the fixing plate is connected and fixed to the outer wall of the baffle plate; a hinge seat is fixedly provided on the fixing plate, and a rotating rod is hinged on the hinge seat. A roller brush is rotatably connected between the rotating rods on both sides. A micro drive component is provided on the outer side of one of the rotating rods. The micro drive component is connected to the roller brush in a transmission manner. Fixing blocks are provided on both sides of the outer wall of the sleeve. The two fixing blocks are respectively provided with the two rotating rods on both sides. The fixing blocks are connected to the corresponding rotating rods by a pull rope. The side of the rotating rods on both sides away from the pull rope is connected to the top of the corresponding fixing plate by a tension spring.

[0012] Furthermore, a material receiving hopper is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the sleeve, and a material outlet is opened in the center of the material receiving hopper; a buffer is provided on the baffle plate, and the position and number of the buffers correspond to the rotating rod. When the rotating rod rotates to a certain position, the buffer is used to support the rotating rod.

[0013] Furthermore, the second sorting mechanism also includes a support column, on the top of which a collection bucket is fixedly installed. Multiple discharge pipes are installed on the lower side of the collection bucket, and a distribution frame is installed below the discharge pipes. A vortex trough is spirally installed on the support column, and multiple distribution frames are installed above the vortex trough, so that the coal gangue falling from the distribution frames falls into the vortex trough.

[0014] Furthermore, the first sorting mechanism includes a crushing box, a discharging box, and a collecting box. The crushing box is located on top of the discharging box, and the discharging box is located on top of the collecting box. The discharge port of the crushing box is connected to the inlet of the discharging box. A first discharge port is located directly below the inlet of the discharging box and is connected to the inlet of the collecting box. A second discharge port is located on one side of the discharging box and is connected to an external collection device. A third discharge port is located at the bottom of the collecting box and is located above the collecting bin.

[0015] Furthermore, the crushing box has a feed inlet at the top, two rollers are rotatably arranged inside the crushing box, and two crushing drive components are arranged on the outer wall of the crushing box. The crushing drive components are respectively connected to the corresponding rollers for transmission. A first conveyor belt is arranged inside the discharge box, and a screen hole is opened on the first conveyor belt. A second conveyor belt is arranged below the first conveyor belt, and the upper and lower ends of the second conveyor belt are respectively located below the feed inlet of the collection box and above the third discharge outlet.

[0016] Furthermore, it also includes a support frame, with the first sorting mechanism disposed on the top of the support frame and the second sorting mechanism disposed inside the support frame; the vortex channel is connected to the support frame via reinforcing columns.

[0017] The beneficial effects of this invention compared to the prior art are as follows: 1. This device achieves continuous sorting and processing of coal gangue materials. The first sorting mechanism reduces the volume of coal gangue materials and separates some impurities through crushing and preliminary sorting. The second sorting mechanism further improves the sorting accuracy. The flow path of coal gangue materials from the first sorting mechanism to the second sorting mechanism is smooth, optimizing the sorting process, classifying and disposing of coal gangue materials, realizing comprehensive resource utilization, and also playing an environmental protection role. The anti-clogging mechanism effectively prevents the outlet from being blocked, reduces downtime, and improves the overall reliability and production efficiency of the device. 2. This device can automatically respond to blockages. The rotating roller brush effectively removes blockages, improving unblocking efficiency. The buffer spring and tension spring provide buffering and reset functions, reducing mechanical wear and extending service life. 3. This device has a clever structure and can use the pressure of coal gangue and liquid to trigger the unblocking process, which is energy-saving and reliable. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 2 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the first sorting mechanism provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 3This is a schematic diagram of the second sorting mechanism structure provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 4 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the second sorting mechanism provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0019] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1. Support frame; 11. Reinforcing column; 2. First sorting mechanism; 21. Crushing box; 22. Discharge box; 221. First discharge port; 222. Second discharge port; 23. Collection box; 231. Third discharge port; 24. Roller; 25. Crushing drive component; 26. First conveyor belt; 27. Second conveyor belt; 3. Second sorting mechanism; 31. Support column; 32. Collection bucket; 33. Feed pipe; 34. Dividing frame; 35. Swirl channel; 351. First diversion channel; 352. Second diversion channel; 36. Diversion plate; 37. Baffle plate; 38. 1. First discharge port; 372. Second discharge port; 38. First discharge pipe; 39. Second discharge pipe; 4. Anti-clogging mechanism; 41. Second unblocking component; 42. First unblocking component; 421. First retaining ring; 422. Sleeve; 423. Second retaining ring; 424. Buffer spring; 425. Fixing plate; 426. Hinge seat; 427. Rotating rod; 428. Roller brush; 429. Miniature drive component; 430. Fixing block; 431. Pull rope; 432. Tension spring; 433. Material receiving hopper; 434. Material passage; 435. Buffer component. Detailed Implementation

[0020] To make the technical problems to be solved, the technical solutions, and the beneficial effects of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail with reference to the embodiments and accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention. The technical solutions of this invention are described in detail below with reference to the embodiments and accompanying drawings, but the scope of protection is not limited thereto.

[0021] See Figures 1 to 4 This embodiment proposes a coal gangue sorting and processing device, including a support frame 1, a first sorting mechanism 2 for crushing and initially sorting the coal gangue, a second sorting mechanism 3 for further sorting the crushed coal gangue, and an anti-blocking mechanism 4 for clearing the blocked outlet of the second sorting mechanism 3. The first sorting mechanism 2 is located on the top of the support frame 1, the second sorting mechanism 3 is located inside the support frame 1, and the anti-blocking mechanism 4 is located on the outlet of the second sorting mechanism 3. The outlet of the first sorting mechanism 2 is connected to the inlet of the second sorting mechanism 3.

[0022] The working principle and beneficial effects of the above technical solution are as follows: The entire device is structurally supported by a support frame 1. The first sorting mechanism 2 is located on top of the support frame 1, and the support frame 1 supports and fixes the first sorting mechanism 2. The first sorting mechanism 2 is responsible for crushing and initially sorting the coal gangue material. The crushed coal gangue material enters the feed inlet of the second sorting mechanism 3 through the discharge outlet of the first sorting mechanism 2. The second sorting mechanism 3 is located inside the support frame 1, and the support frame 1 supports and fixes the second sorting mechanism 3, which performs more refined sorting of the crushed coal gangue material. The anti-blocking mechanism 4 is installed on the discharge outlet of the second sorting mechanism 3 to automatically detect and clear any possible blockages at the discharge outlet of the second sorting mechanism 3, ensuring smooth flow and sorting of the coal gangue material.

[0023] This device enables continuous sorting of coal gangue materials. The first sorting mechanism 2 reduces the volume of coal gangue materials and separates some impurities through crushing and preliminary sorting. The second sorting mechanism 3 further improves the sorting accuracy. The flow path of coal gangue materials from the first sorting mechanism 2 to the second sorting mechanism 3 is smooth, optimizing the sorting process, classifying and disposing of coal gangue materials, realizing comprehensive resource utilization, and also playing an environmental protection role. The anti-clogging mechanism 4 effectively prevents blockage at the discharge port, reduces downtime, and improves the overall reliability and production efficiency of the device.

[0024] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the first sorting mechanism 2 includes a crushing box 21, a discharge box 22, and a collection box 23. The crushing box 21 is located on top of the discharge box 22, and the discharge box 22 is located on top of the collection box 23. The discharge port of the crushing box 21 is connected to the inlet of the discharge box 22. A first outlet 221 is located directly below the inlet of the discharge box 22 and is connected to the inlet of the collection box 23. A second outlet 222 is located on one side of the discharge box 22 and is connected to an external collection device. A third outlet 231 is located at the bottom of the collection box 23. The crushing box 21 has a feed inlet at the top. Two rollers 24 are rotatably arranged inside the crushing box 21. Two crushing drive components 25 are arranged on the outer wall of the crushing box 21. The crushing drive components 25 are respectively connected to the corresponding rollers 24. A first conveyor belt 26 is arranged inside the discharge box 22. The first conveyor belt 26 has screen holes. A second conveyor belt 27 is arranged below the first conveyor belt 26. The upper and lower ends of the second conveyor belt 27 are respectively located below the feed inlet of the collection box 23 and above the third discharge outlet 231.

[0025] The working principle and beneficial effects of the above technical solution are as follows: the discharge box 22 supports and fixes the crushing box 21, the collection box 23 supports and fixes the discharge box 22, the support frame 1 supports and fixes the collection box 23, the outer wall of the crushing box 21 supports and fixes the two crushing drive components 25, the crushing box 21 provides rotational support for the two rollers 24, the two crushing drive components 25 drive the two rollers 24 to rotate, the coal gangue material entering the crushing box 21 and being crushed by the rollers passes through the discharge port of the crushing box 21 and the inlet of the discharge box 22 and enters the discharge box 22, the coal gangue material entering the discharge box 22... The coal gangue falls onto the first conveyor belt 26, where the screen holes screen the coal gangue. Large-volume coal gangue is transported by the first conveyor belt 26 to the second discharge port 222 and discharged, where it is collected and processed by an external collection device. Small-volume coal gangue that falls through the screen holes of the first conveyor belt 26 passes through the first discharge port 221 and the inlet of the collection box 23 and falls onto the second conveyor belt 27 to be transported away. The second conveyor belt 27 transports the small-volume coal gangue to the top of the third discharge port 231 and throws it down. The thrown-down small-volume coal gangue falls into the second sorting mechanism 3 for further processing.

[0026] The series design of crushing box 21, discharge box 22, and collection box 23 realizes the integrated operation of crushing, preliminary sorting, and collection of coal gangue. The first discharge port 221 and the second discharge port 222 of the discharge box 22 discharge coal gangue materials that meet the volume standard and those that do not, respectively. Then, the coal gangue materials that meet the standard are discharged from the third discharge port 231 to the second sorting mechanism 3, which improves the sorting efficiency and facilitates subsequent processing. The closed sorting environment reduces the risk of contamination during the transfer of coal gangue materials. The crushing efficiency of the roller 24 is high, which can effectively reduce the particle size of coal gangue and facilitate subsequent sorting. The screen holes on the first conveyor belt 26 realize the preliminary sorting of coal gangue materials. The second conveyor belt 27 ensures the orderly collection of undersize materials and improves the sorting accuracy. Automated transportation reduces manual intervention, reduces labor intensity, and improves processing speed.

[0027] like Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, the second sorting mechanism 3 includes a support column 31, which is vertically installed inside the support frame 1. A collection bucket 32 ​​is fixedly installed on the top of the support column 31. Four discharge pipes 33 are installed on the lower side of the collection bucket 32. A distribution frame 34 is installed below the discharge pipes 33. A swirling groove 35 is spirally installed on the support column 31. The swirling groove 35 is connected to the support frame 1 through a reinforcing column 11. Multiple distribution frames 34 are installed above the swirling groove 35 so that the coal gangue falling from the distribution frame 34 can fall into the swirling groove 35.

[0028] A flow divider plate 36 is provided at the tail end of the vortex channel 35, which divides the vortex channel 35 into a first flow divider 351 and a second flow divider 352. The first flow divider 351 is located on the outer side, and the second flow divider 352 is located on the inner side. A baffle plate 37 is provided at the outlet of the vortex channel 35, and a first discharge port 371 and a second discharge port 372 are provided on the baffle plate 37. A first discharge pipe 38 is obliquely downward provided on the first discharge port 371, and a second discharge pipe 39 is obliquely downward provided on the second discharge port 372. The first discharge pipe 38 is connected to the first flow divider 351, and the second discharge pipe 39 is connected to the second flow divider 352.

[0029] The working principle and beneficial effects of the above technical solution are as follows: The support column 31 supports and fixes the collection bucket 32. Multiple discharge pipes 33 are provided on the lower side of the collection bucket 32 ​​to evenly distribute the coal gangue material into the distribution frame 34 below. A swirling groove 35 is spirally arranged on the support column 31. The swirling groove 35 is connected to the support frame 1 through the reinforcing column 11 to enhance stability. The distribution frame 34 is located above the swirling groove 35, guiding the coal gangue material and liquid into the swirling groove 35. The coal gangue material and the liquid added to the collection bucket 32 ​​move along a spiral path in the swirling groove 35, and are separated by centrifugal force and gravity. A diversion is provided at the tail end of the swirling groove 35. Plate 36 divides the vortex 35 into a first diversion trough 351 and a second diversion trough 352 to separate coal gangue material into two streams. A baffle plate 37 is provided on the outlet of the vortex 35. The baffle plate 37 is fitted with a first discharge port 371 and a second discharge port 372. The first discharge port 371 is connected to a first discharge pipe 38 at an upward angle and the second discharge port 372 is connected to a second discharge pipe 39 at an upward angle and downward. Coal gangue material with smaller particle size is thrown to the outer first diversion trough 351 and then discharged through the first discharge pipe 38. Coal gangue material with larger particle size enters the second diversion trough 352 along the inner side and then is discharged through the second discharge pipe 39.

[0030] The spiral design of the cyclone trough 35 extends the sorting path of the coal gangue material, improving sorting accuracy and efficiency. Multiple feed pipes 33 and distribution frames 34 ensure uniform distribution of the coal gangue material, avoiding accumulation and optimizing the sorting effect. The reinforcing column 11 improves the stability of the structure. The support column 31 is vertically set in the support frame 1, improving durability and making it suitable for long-term operation. The diversion plate 36 allows the coal gangue material to be guided to different diversion troughs according to sorting requirements, realizing multi-stage sorting. The downward-sloping first discharge pipe 38 and second discharge pipe 39 use gravity to promote the flow of coal gangue material, reducing the risk of blockage. The first discharge port 371 and second discharge port 372 on the baffle plate 37 have a simple structure and are easy to maintain and clean. Example

[0031] Based on Example 1, such as Figure 3As shown, both the first discharge port 371 and the second discharge port 372 are inverted conical structures.

[0032] The working principle and beneficial effects of the above technical solution are as follows: both the first discharge port 371 and the second discharge port 372 adopt an inverted cone design, that is, an inverted cone structure that is larger at the top and smaller at the bottom (similar to a funnel). When the coal gangue material enters the discharge port from the vortex trough 35, the inverted cone structure guides the coal gangue material to flow downward in a concentrated manner, avoiding accumulation at the opening.

[0033] The inverted cone design reduces the adhesion and blockage of coal gangue material at the first discharge port 371 and the second discharge port 372, improving discharge efficiency. It has a simple structure, low manufacturing cost, and is easy to integrate with other components. It is suitable for high-humidity or sticky coal gangue materials, enhancing the adaptability of the device. Example

[0034] Based on Examples 1 and 2, such as Figure 1 , Figure 3 As shown, the anti-blocking mechanism 4 includes a first unblocking component 42 and a second unblocking component 41. The first unblocking component 42 is disposed on the first discharge pipe 38, and the second unblocking component 41 is disposed on the second discharge pipe 39. The first unblocking component 42 and the second unblocking component 41 have the same structure.

[0035] The working principle and beneficial effects of the above technical solution are as follows: the first unblocking component 42 and the second unblocking component 41 both unblock the corresponding blocked discharge pipes through an automatic detection mechanism; when any discharge pipe is blocked, the corresponding unblocking component will be activated to perform a cleaning operation. The independently set unblocking components ensure that each discharge pipe can be effectively protected, which improves the reliability of the overall device. The identical structure simplifies the manufacturing, installation and maintenance process, reduces costs, and the automated unblocking reduces manual intervention and ensures continuous production.

[0036] like Figure 3 , Figure 4As shown, the first unblocking component 42 includes a first retaining ring 421, which is fixedly disposed at the tail end of the first discharge pipe 38. A sleeve 422 is fitted over the first retaining ring 421. A second retaining ring 423 is disposed at one end of the sleeve 422 facing the first discharge port 371. A buffer spring 424 is fitted onto the first discharge pipe 38 between the first retaining ring 421 and the second retaining ring 423. Both ends of the buffer spring 424 are connected to the first retaining ring 421 and the second retaining ring 423, respectively. Fixing plates 425 are disposed on both sides of the sleeve 422, and one side of the fixing plate 425 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the baffle plate 37. The fixing plate 425... A hinge seat 426 is fixedly installed, and a rotating rod 427 is hinged on the hinge seat 426. A roller brush 428 is rotatably connected between the two rotating rods 427. A miniature drive component 429 is provided on the outer side of one of the rotating rods 427. The miniature drive component 429 is connected to the roller brush 428 in a transmission manner. Fixing blocks 430 are respectively provided on both sides of the outer wall of the sleeve 422. The two fixing blocks 430 are respectively provided with the two rotating rods 427 on both sides. The fixing blocks 430 and the corresponding rotating rods 427 are connected by a pull rope 431. The side of the rotating rods 427 on both sides away from the pull rope 431 is connected to the top of the corresponding fixing plate 425 by a tension spring 432.

[0037] A material receiving hopper 433 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the sleeve 422, and a material outlet 434 is opened in the center of the material receiving hopper 433; a buffer member 435 is provided on the baffle plate 37, and the position and number of the buffer member 435 correspond to the rotating rod 427. When the rotating rod 427 rotates to a certain position, the buffer member 435 is used to support and fix the rotating rod 427.

[0038] The working principle and beneficial effects of the above technical solution are as follows: the first discharge pipe 38 fixes the first retaining ring 421, the sleeve 422 fixes the second retaining ring 423, the sleeve 422 is fitted on the first discharge pipe 38, the buffer spring 424 connects the first retaining ring 421 and the second retaining ring 423, the outer wall of the baffle plate 37 fixes the fixing plate 425, the top of the baffle plate 37 supports and fixes the hinge seat 426, and the hinge seat 426 rotatably connects to the rotating rod 427. Two rotating rods 427 limit the rotation of the roller brush 428. The outer wall of the rotating rod 427 fixes the micro drive component 429. The micro drive component 429 drives the roller brush 428 to rotate. The fixing block 430 on the sleeve 422 is connected to the rotating rod 427 through the pull rope 431. The other side of the rotating rod 427 is connected to the fixing plate 425 through the tension spring 432. The material receiving hopper 433 is fixed on the inner wall of the sleeve 422. The baffle plate 37 supports and fixes the buffer component 435.

[0039] When working normally, thanks to the structure of the cyclone 35, the receiving hopper 433 is subjected to the scouring force of the coal gangue material and liquid flowing down from the cyclone 35. The receiving hopper 433 drives the sleeve 422 to slide obliquely downward along the direction of the first discharge pipe 38. The buffer spring 424 is compressed by the second retaining ring 423. At the same time, the fixing block 430 slides obliquely downward with the sleeve 422. The fixing block 430 pulls the rotating rod 427 through the pull rope 431. The rotating rod 427 is at an angle perpendicular to the fixing plate 425 and the tension spring 432 is stretched.

[0040] When the first discharge port 371 is blocked, the receiving hopper 433 is no longer subjected to the scouring of coal gangue and liquid. The elastic potential energy of the buffer spring 424 is released and pushes the second retaining ring 423. The sleeve 422 slides obliquely upward along the direction of the first discharge pipe 38. At the same time, the fixing block 430 slides obliquely upward with the sleeve 422. The fixing block 430 does not pull the rotating rod 427. The tension spring 432 rotates the rotating rod 427 toward the baffle plate 37. The rotating rod 427 is pulled by the tension spring 432 and rests on the buffer member 4. At point 35, the tension spring 432 returns to its original state and stops storing force. The buffer 435 absorbs the impact force, reducing the hard contact between the rotating rod 427 and the baffle plate 37. At this time, half of the roller brush 428 is in the first diversion groove 351. The micro drive 429 drives the roller brush 428 to rotate. The roller brush 428 rotates and cleans the first diversion groove 351 and the first discharge port 371 until the first discharge port 371 is not blocked and works normally. Then, the receiving hopper 433 continues the above operation under the flushing of coal gangue material and liquid.

[0041] When the second discharge port 372 is blocked, the second unblocking component 41 performs the aforementioned operation.

[0042] When the first discharge port 371 and the second discharge port 372 are blocked at the same time, the first unblocking component 42 and the second unblocking component 41 will simultaneously undergo the aforementioned transmission.

[0043] The rotating roller brush 428 effectively removes blockages and improves unblocking efficiency. The buffer spring 424 and tension spring 432 provide buffering and reset functions, reducing mechanical wear and extending service life. The ingenious structure utilizes the pressure of coal gangue material and liquid to trigger unblocking, making it energy-saving and reliable.

[0044] It should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This way of describing the specification is only for clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other implementation methods that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

[0045] The detailed descriptions listed above are merely specific descriptions of feasible implementation methods of this application and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. All equivalent implementation methods or modifications made without departing from the spirit of the art of this application should be included within the scope of protection of this invention.

Claims

1. A coal gangue sorting and processing device, characterized in that, The system includes a first sorting mechanism (2) for crushing and initially sorting coal gangue, a second sorting mechanism (3) for further sorting the crushed coal gangue, and an anti-blocking mechanism (4) for clearing the blocked outlet of the second sorting mechanism (3). The second sorting mechanism (3) includes a vortex trough (35). A diverter plate (36) is provided at the tail end of the vortex trough (35), which divides the vortex trough (35) into inner and outer diverter troughs. The diverter troughs are connected to... Discharge pipe; Anti-blocking mechanism (4) is set at the discharge pipe. The anti-blocking mechanism (4) includes a clearing component, which includes a sleeve (422) and a roller brush (428). The sleeve (422) is slidably connected to the discharge pipe. The roller brush (428) is linked with the sleeve (422). When the discharge pipe opening is blocked, the sleeve (422) retracts to make the roller brush (428) descend to the discharge pipe opening to clear the blockage. When the discharge pipe is unobstructed, the sleeve (422) extends to make the roller brush (428) move away from the discharge pipe opening.

2. The coal gangue sorting and processing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The diverter plate (36) divides the vortex channel (35) into a first diverter channel (351) and a second diverter channel (352). The first diverter channel (351) is located on the outside, and the second diverter channel (352) is located on the inside. A baffle plate (37) is provided on the outlet of the vortex channel (35). A first discharge port (371) and a second discharge port (372) are provided on the baffle plate (37). A first discharge pipe (38) is obliquely downward on the first discharge port (371), and a second discharge pipe (39) is obliquely downward on the second discharge port (372). The first discharge pipe (38) is connected to the first diverter channel (351), and the second discharge pipe (39) is connected to the second diverter channel (352).

3. The coal gangue sorting and processing device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The anti-blocking mechanism (4) includes a first unblocking component (42) and a second unblocking component (41). The first unblocking component (42) is disposed on the first discharge pipe (38), and the second unblocking component (41) is disposed on the second discharge pipe (39). The first unblocking component (42) and the second unblocking component (41) have the same structure.

4. The coal gangue sorting and processing device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first unblocking component (42) includes a first retaining ring (421), which is fixedly disposed at the tail end of the first discharge pipe (38). The first retaining ring (421) is covered with a sleeve (422). A second retaining ring (423) is disposed at one end of the sleeve (422) facing the first discharge port (371). A buffer spring (424) is sleeved on the first discharge pipe (38) located between the first retaining ring (421) and the second retaining ring (423). The two ends of the buffer spring (424) are respectively connected to the first retaining ring (421) and the second retaining ring (423).

5. The coal gangue sorting and processing device according to claim 4, characterized in that, Fixing plates (425) are provided on both sides of the sleeve (422), and one side of the fixing plate (425) is connected and fixed to the outer wall of the baffle plate (37); a hinge seat (426) is fixedly provided on the fixing plate (425), and a rotating rod (427) is hinged on the hinge seat (426). A roller brush (428) is rotatably connected between the two rotating rods (427), and a micro drive component (429) is provided on the outer side of one of the rotating rods (427). The sleeve (422) is connected to the roller brush (428) for transmission. Fixing blocks (430) are respectively provided on both sides of the outer wall of the sleeve (422). The two fixing blocks (430) are respectively provided with two rotating rods (427) on both sides. The fixing blocks (430) and the corresponding rotating rods (427) are connected by a pull rope (431). The side of the rotating rods (427) on both sides away from the pull rope (431) is connected to the top of the corresponding fixing plate (425) by a tension spring (432).

6. The coal gangue sorting and processing device according to claim 5, characterized in that, A material receiving hopper (433) is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the sleeve (422), and a material outlet (434) is opened in the center of the material receiving hopper (433); a buffer (435) is provided on the baffle plate (37), and the position and number of the buffer (435) correspond to the rotating rod (427). When the rotating rod (427) rotates to a certain position, the buffer (435) is used to support the rotating rod (427).

7. The coal gangue sorting and processing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second sorting mechanism (3) also includes a support column (31), on the top of which a collection bucket (32) is fixedly installed. Multiple discharge pipes (33) are installed below the side of the collection bucket (32). A distribution frame (34) is installed below the discharge pipe (33). A vortex trough (35) is spirally installed on the support column (31). Multiple distribution frames (34) are installed above the vortex trough (35) so that the coal gangue falling from the distribution frame (34) falls into the vortex trough (35).

8. A coal gangue sorting and processing device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The first sorting mechanism (2) includes a crushing box (21), a discharge box (22) and a collection box (23). The crushing box (21) is located on top of the discharge box (22), and the discharge box (22) is located on top of the collection box (23). The discharge port of the crushing box (21) is connected to the inlet of the discharge box (22). A first outlet (221) is located directly below the inlet of the discharge box (22). The first outlet (221) is connected to the inlet of the collection box (23). A second outlet (222) is located on one side of the discharge box (22). The second outlet (222) is connected to an external collection device. A third outlet (231) is located at the bottom of the collection box (23). The third outlet (231) is located above the collection bucket (32).

9. A coal gangue sorting and processing device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The crushing box (21) has a feed inlet at the top. Two rollers (24) are rotatably arranged inside the crushing box (21). Two crushing drive components (25) are arranged on the outer wall of the crushing box (21). The crushing drive components (25) are respectively connected to the corresponding rollers (24) for transmission. The discharge box (22) has a first conveyor belt (26). The first conveyor belt (26) has screen holes. The second conveyor belt (27) is arranged below the first conveyor belt (26). The upper and lower ends of the second conveyor belt (27) are respectively located below the feed inlet of the collection box (23) and above the third discharge outlet (231).

10. A coal gangue sorting and processing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a support frame (1), the first sorting mechanism (2) is disposed on the top of the support frame (1), and the second sorting mechanism (3) is disposed inside the support frame (1); the swirling channel (35) is connected to the support frame (1) by a reinforcing column (11).

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