Automatic positioning and welding device for reading lamp mask

Abstract

The invention discloses an automatic positioning and welding device for a reading lamp mask, relates to the technical field of welding equipment manufacturing, and aims to solve the technical problem that an existing device cannot fully automatically weld the reading lamp mask, the automatic positioning and welding device comprises a welding platform, a three-axis moving mechanism and a welding mechanism, and a plurality of positioning tools are arranged on the welding platform. The positioning tool comprises a carrier plate, an opposite moving assembly, a drive linkage assembly, a clamping assembly and a tail end execution assembly. The opposite moving assembly achieves opposite moving of the reading lamp mask and the base through gear transmission. The driving and connecting assembly realizes multi-station synchronous driving; the clamping assembly can be adjusted to adapt to different workpieces; the tail end execution assembly drives the workpiece to conduct high-frequency micro-amplitude reciprocating swing at the splicing tail end, the buckle and the clamping groove are guided to be buckled in a smooth mode, and butt joint interference is effectively eliminated. And after buckling, welding is completed by the welding mechanism. The full-process automation from alignment, buckling to welding is realized, and the full-process automatic buckling device has the advantages of being accurate in positioning, high in buckling success rate, high in adaptability, high in production efficiency and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of welding equipment manufacturing technology, and more specifically, to an automatic positioning welding device for reading lamp covers. Background Technology

[0002] With the increasing intelligence and personalization of automotive interiors, the production quality and efficiency requirements for ceiling-mounted reading lights, as frequently used functional components, are rising. Currently, the connection between the reading light cover and the base assembly generally uses ultrasonic welding to ensure connection strength and sealing. (See the instruction manual for details.) Figure 1 .

[0003] In actual production, the mask and base first need to be pre-assembled manually. This involves the operator relying on their experience and feel to align and press the clips and slots on the edges of both parts together to form a preliminary assembly. After this initial assembly, the entire assembly is then transferred to the ultrasonic welding machine for final welding and fixing, as shown in the instruction manual. Figure 2 As shown, this pre-locking mode, which relies heavily on manual operation, depends heavily on the experience level of the assemblers. The quality of manual assembly is difficult to control, which has become a key bottleneck restricting the automation upgrade and production efficiency improvement of this process.

[0004] The core challenge in achieving full automation of this process lies in the fact that the assembly of the face mask and base typically involves plastic clips and slots. Existing automated positioning and pressing devices operate on linear or fixed paths, lacking the adaptability to complex fastening processes. Forcing such rigid devices to perform the fastening action easily leads to interference, causing the clips to collide hard. This not only fails to achieve effective assembly but can also cause the clips to crack at the base, scratch the plastic surface, or even permanently damage the components. Consequently, the yield rate of automated production is far below acceptable levels, failing to meet the economic requirements of large-scale production.

[0005] Therefore, how to automate the pre-alignment and fastening of reading lamp covers with snap-fit ​​structures while ensuring high reliability and high yield, replacing manual operation, and providing stable and qualified semi-finished products for subsequent ultrasonic welding, ultimately achieving the goal of fully automated welding production, is a key challenge. In this regard, we propose an automatic positioning welding device for reading lamp covers. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide an automatic positioning and welding device for reading lamp covers, so as to solve the technical problem that existing devices cannot fully automate the welding of reading lamp covers.

[0007] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution: an automatic positioning welding device for a reading lamp cover, comprising a welding platform, wherein the welding platform is provided with a plurality of positioning fixtures, the welding platform is provided with a three-axis moving mechanism, and the moving end of the three-axis moving mechanism is provided with an ultrasonic welding mechanism; The positioning fixture includes a carrier plate, a displacement assembly, a drive assembly, a clamping assembly, and an end effector assembly. The carrier plate is disposed on the welding platform, a plurality of displacement assemblies are mounted on the carrier plate, the drive assembly is disposed on a plurality of displacement assemblies, the clamping assembly is symmetrically disposed on the displacement assemblies, and the end effector assembly is symmetrically disposed on the clamping assembly. The end effector is configured such that when the clamping component is driven by the drive assembly and moves the reading lamp cover and reading lamp base to the assembly end via the moving assembly, it can drive the components clamped by the clamping component to perform reciprocating swing while maintaining the trend of moving towards each other. This swing resolves the interference generated when the buckle and the slot are docked and guides them to slide into each other, thereby enabling the buckle and the slot to engage.

[0008] Preferably, the carrier plate has a plurality of mounting slots, the displacement assembly is fixedly mounted on the mounting slots, and the displacement assembly is partially positioned on the outer side of the top of the mounting slot.

[0009] Preferably, the displacement assembly includes a rail plate, a clamping plate, a gear set, and a displacement module. The rail plates are symmetrically arranged on the carrier plate. The clamping plate is fixedly arranged between the two rail plates. The gear set is arranged between the two rail plates and located above the clamping plate. The displacement module is symmetrically slidably arranged on the top of the rail plate. The gear set is meshed with the displacement module. The clamping assembly is detachably connected to the displacement module. The top of the track plate has a track groove, and the displacement module is symmetrically slidably mounted on the track groove.

[0010] Preferably, the gear set includes a driving gear, a driven gear, an actuating gear A, and an actuating gear B. The driving gear, the driven gear, the actuating gear A, and the actuating gear B are all rotatably disposed between the two rail plates. The drive coupling assembly is fixedly connected to the driving gear. One end of the driving gear is meshed with the driven gear, and the other end of the driving gear is meshed with the actuating gear A. One end of the actuating gear B is meshed with the driven gear. Both the actuator gear A and the actuator gear B are meshed with the displacement module.

[0011] Preferably, the displacement module includes a displacement bar, a guide groove, an elastic groove, a magnetic cavity, and a magnetic control unit. The guide groove is symmetrically opened on the displacement bar, and the displacement bar is slidably disposed on the track groove through the guide groove. The elastic groove is opened at the inner end of the guide groove, the magnetic cavity is opened in the middle of the displacement bar, and the magnetic control unit is disposed on the magnetic cavity and the elastic groove.

[0012] Preferably, the magnetic control unit includes an electromagnet, a spring, and a permanent magnet plate. The electromagnet is fixedly disposed in the magnetic cavity, and a plurality of springs are symmetrically connected to the inner sidewall of the elastic groove. One end of the permanent magnet plate is fixedly connected to the spring, and the other end of the permanent magnet plate is slidably disposed on the elastic groove.

[0013] Preferably, the drive assembly includes a linkage rod, a timing pulley, and a timing belt. The linkage rod is movably inserted into several of the opposing components and fixedly inserted into several of the drive gears. The timing pulley is fixedly sleeved on one end of the linkage rod, and the timing belt is sleeved on several of the timing pulleys. One of the linkage rods is connected to a motor.

[0014] Preferably, the clamping assembly includes a loading frame, a clamping frame, a movable slot, a motor, a threaded rod, and suction cups. The loading frame is detachably connected to the moving end of the opposing assembly. The movable slot is formed on the loading frame. The clamping frame is movably disposed on the movable slot. The motor is disposed at the top of the clamping frame. One end of the threaded rod is fixedly connected to the output end of the motor. The other end of the threaded rod is threadedly connected to the threaded groove on the movable slot. The suction cups are symmetrically disposed on the loading frame.

[0015] Preferably, the loading rack is also provided with symmetrical inner grooves, and the end effector is disposed on the inner grooves.

[0016] Preferably, the end effector assembly includes a stator plate, excitation coils, a mover block, elastic baffles, and permanent magnet blocks. The stator plate is disposed at both ends inside the inner groove. The excitation coils are arranged linearly at equal intervals on the stator plate. The elastic baffles are symmetrically fixed on the inner groove. The mover block is fixedly connected between two elastic baffles. The permanent magnet blocks are fixedly inserted linearly at equal intervals on the mover block. A plurality of permanent magnet blocks and a plurality of excitation coils are arranged alternately.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. This invention achieves full automation of the entire process, from workpiece loading, precise alignment, self-adaptive snap-fit, to ultrasonic welding, through integrated positioning fixtures, synchronous drive mechanisms, and end effectors with compliant guidance. This device effectively simulates the manual fine-tuning process in assembly, significantly improving the assembly success rate and product yield of the snap-fit ​​structure while ensuring high-efficiency production. It solves the technical problems of snap-fit ​​damage and assembly failure caused by rigid alignment in existing technologies, and significantly reduces reliance on manual labor and production costs.

[0018] 2. This invention also achieves precise, reverse, synchronous movement of the clamping components on both sides through the meshing transmission of the gear set of the displacement component and the displacement module; combined with the on / off power control of the magnetic control unit, it can maintain a high-rigidity connection during the positioning stage and switch to a flexible floating state during the fastening stage. This controllable rigid-flexible design not only ensures positioning accuracy but also provides the necessary degrees of freedom for subsequent swing guidance, which is a key mechanical basis for improving the fastening success rate.

[0019] 3. The drive assembly of this invention adopts a composite transmission method of linkage rod and synchronous belt, realizing strict synchronous drive of multi-station moving components and ensuring the consistency of action of each station. The clamping assembly, through adjustable suction cups and lifting mechanism, can adapt to workpieces of different thicknesses and curvatures, providing stable and flexible clamping, and supporting quick changeover, significantly improving the equipment's adaptability to different products and production flexibility.

[0020] 4. This invention also designs an end-effector component that alternately excites the excitation coils on both sides to drive the moving block and workpiece to achieve high-frequency, micro-amplitude reciprocating oscillation. This oscillation generates a rubbing guiding effect under the continuous pressing trend, which can effectively resolve the interference when the buckle and the slot are connected, achieving smooth engagement. This component has a fast response and precise control, simulating the compliance of manual assembly, and is the core functional module for this device to achieve highly reliable automatic engagement. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the in-vehicle ceiling-mounted reading light welded by the device of the present invention. Figure 2 This is an enlarged schematic diagram of the cross-section and buckle structure of the in-vehicle ceiling-mounted reading light welded by the device of the present invention. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a front view structural diagram of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the positioning tooling structure of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the bottom structure of the positioning tooling of the present invention; Figure 7This is a schematic diagram of the drive assembly and the counter-movement assembly of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the displacement component, clamping component and end effector component of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the displacement component of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the displacement module of the present invention; Figure 11 This is a side view of the displacement module structure of the present invention; Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the clamping component structure of the present invention; Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the loading frame, inner groove, and end effector assembly of the present invention; Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the split structure of the end-effector component of the present invention; Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the positioning tooling in use according to the present invention.

[0022] Explanation of the labels in the diagram: 1. Welding platform; 2. Positioning fixture; 3. Three-axis moving mechanism; 4. Ultrasonic welding mechanism; 21. Carrier plate; 22. Conversion assembly; 23. Drive-coupled assembly; 24. Clamping assembly; 25. End effector assembly; 211. Mounting slot; 221. Rail plate; 222. Clamping plate; 223. Gear set; 224. Displacement module; 2211. Rail groove; 2231. Driving gear; 2232. Driven gear; 2233. Actuating gear A; 2234. Actuating gear B; 2241, Displacement bar; 2242, Guide groove; 2243, Elastic groove; 2244, Magnetic cavity; 2245, Magnetic control unit; 2246. Electromagnet; 2247. Spring; 2248. Permanent magnet plate; 231. Linkage rod; 232. Synchronous pulley; 233. Synchronous belt; 241. Loading rack; 242. Inner groove; 243. Clamping frame; 244. Movable groove; 245. Motor; 246. Threaded rod; 247. Suction cup; 251. Stator plate; 252. Excitation coil; 253. Mover block; 254. Elastic folding plate; 255. Permanent magnet block. Detailed Implementation

[0023] like Figures 3 to 15As shown, the present invention relates to an automatic positioning welding device for a reading lamp cover, comprising a welding platform 1, a plurality of positioning fixtures 2 on the welding platform 1, a three-axis moving mechanism 3 on the welding platform 1, and an ultrasonic welding mechanism 4 at the moving end of the three-axis moving mechanism 3. The positioning fixture 2 includes a carrier plate 21, a displacement assembly 22, a drive assembly 23, a clamping assembly 24, and an end effector 25. The carrier plate 21 is disposed on the welding platform 1. Several displacement assemblies 22 are mounted on the carrier plate 21. The drive assembly 23 is disposed on several displacement assemblies 22. The clamping assembly 24 is symmetrically disposed on the displacement assemblies 22. The end effector 25 is symmetrically disposed on the clamping assembly 24. The end effector 25 is configured to drive the clamping component 24 to move the reading lamp cover and reading lamp base to the assembly end via the displacement component 22 under the drive of the drive assembly 23. This drive can cause the components clamped by the clamping component 24 to perform reciprocating swing while maintaining the tendency to move towards each other. This swing resolves the interference generated when the buckle and the slot are docked and guides them to slide into each other, thereby enabling the buckle and the slot to engage.

[0024] In this invention, after the reading light cover and the base are respectively attracted and fixed by the clamping component 24, the driving component 23 drives the opposing component 22 to move them towards each other. When they are about to be fully aligned, the end effector component 25 is activated, driving the clamping component to perform high-frequency micro-amplitude reciprocating oscillation while continuously pressing. This oscillation action can adaptively resolve the assembly interference between the buckle and the slot, guiding it to slide in along the inclined surface and achieve reliable fastening. This process simulates the fine-tuning of the feel in manual assembly, effectively avoiding buckle damage or assembly failure caused by rigid docking. Subsequently, the three-axis moving mechanism 3 drives the ultrasonic welding mechanism 4 to move to the welding position to weld and solidify the fastened components. By introducing an end effector component with oscillation function, this invention realizes automated and compliant assembly of the buckle structure, significantly improving the assembly success rate and product yield. It truly realizes the full-process automation of the reading light cover from alignment and fastening to welding, significantly improving production efficiency and process stability.

[0025] In an embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of mounting slots 211 are provided on the carrier plate 21, the displacement component 22 is fixedly disposed on the mounting slot 211, and part of the structure of the displacement component 22 is disposed on the outer side of the top of the mounting slot 211.

[0026] The mounting slot 211 in this invention not only provides a stable and accurate installation positioning reference for the displacement component 22, ensuring alignment consistency between multiple workstations, but also provides sufficient operating and maintenance space for the drive and transmission components by placing part of the structure outside the slot.

[0027] In an embodiment of the present invention, the displacement assembly 22 includes a rail plate 221, a clamping plate 222, a gear set 223, and a displacement module 224. The rail plate 221 is symmetrically arranged on the carrier plate 21. The clamping plate 222 is fixedly arranged between the two rail plates 221. The gear set 223 is arranged between the two rail plates 221 and above the clamping plate 222. The displacement module 224 is symmetrically slidably arranged on the top of the rail plate 221. The gear set 223 is meshed with the displacement module 224. The clamping assembly 24 is detachably connected to the displacement module 224. A rail groove 2211 is opened at the top of the rail plate 221, and the displacement module 224 is symmetrically slidably arranged on the rail groove 2211.

[0028] In this invention, the gear set 223 meshes with the displacement module 224, converting rotational motion into precise linear displacement. The clamping component 24 is detachably connected to the displacement module 224, facilitating rapid model changeover according to different product specifications. Through its integrated mechanical structure, this component achieves synchronous, stable, and adjustable opposing movement of the clamping parts during assembly, providing reliable displacement assurance for subsequent precise engagement.

[0029] In another embodiment of the present invention, the gear set 223 includes a driving gear 2231, a driven gear 2232, an actuating gear A 2233, and an actuating gear B 2234. The driving gear 2231, driven gear 2232, actuating gear A 2233, and actuating gear B 2234 are all rotatably disposed between two rail plates 221. The drive coupling assembly 23 is fixedly connected to the driving gear 2231. One end of the driving gear 2231 is meshed with the driven gear 2232, and the other end of the driving gear 2231 is meshed with the actuating gear A 2233. One end of the actuating gear B 2234 is meshed with the driven gear 2232. The actuating gear A 2233 and the actuating gear B 2234 are also meshed with the displacement module 224.

[0030] In this invention, the aforementioned gears are rotatably mounted between two rail plates 221, forming a compact planar gear transmission system. The drive assembly 23 is fixedly connected to and drives the driving gear 2231. Power is transmitted via two paths through the driving gear 2231: one path directly drives the meshing execution gear A2233; the other path transmits power to the execution gear B2234 through the meshing driven gear 2232. Both execution gears A2233 and B2234 are simultaneously meshed and connected to the displacement module 224. This gear layout enables a single power source to synchronously drive two symmetrically arranged displacement modules 224. Furthermore, the reversal of the driven gear 2232 ensures that the rotation directions of execution gears A2233 and B2234 are opposite, thereby driving the two displacement modules 224 to perform precise, opposite-direction synchronous linear movements. This provides stable and symmetrical opposite-direction movement for the reading lamp cover and base held by the clamping assembly 24, a crucial mechanical guarantee for achieving precise alignment and pre-locking.

[0031] In another embodiment of the present invention, the displacement module 224 includes a displacement bar 2241, a guide groove 2242, an elastic groove 2243, a magnetic cavity 2244, and a magnetic control unit 2245. The guide groove 2242 is symmetrically opened on the displacement bar 2241. The displacement bar 2241 is slidably disposed on the track groove 2211 through the guide groove 2242. The elastic groove 2243 is opened at the inner end of the guide groove 2242. The magnetic cavity 2244 is opened in the middle of the displacement bar 2241. The magnetic control unit 2245 is disposed on the magnetic cavity 2244 and the elastic groove 2243.

[0032] In this invention, the displacement bar 2241 is the main support component of the module. Its symmetrically opened guide grooves 2242 precisely match the rail grooves 2211 on the rail plate 221, ensuring that the displacement bar 2241 slides smoothly along a predetermined trajectory. The elastic groove 2243 opened at the inner end of the guide groove 2242 and the magnetic cavity 2244 opened in the middle of the displacement bar 2241 together provide installation and operating space for the magnetic control unit 2245.

[0033] In an embodiment of the present invention, the magnetic control unit 2245 includes an electromagnet 2246, a spring 2247 and a permanent magnet plate 2248. The electromagnet 2246 is fixedly disposed in the magnetic cavity 2244. A plurality of springs 2247 are symmetrically connected to the inner sidewall of the elastic groove 2243. One end of the permanent magnet plate 2248 is fixedly connected to the spring 2247, and the other end of the permanent magnet plate 2248 is slidably disposed on the elastic groove 2243.

[0034] In this invention, when precise positioning and rigid transmission are required, the electromagnet 2246 is energized to generate a magnetic field with the same pole as the permanent magnet plate 2248, thereby forming a controllable magnetic repulsion force between them. This repulsion force overcomes the elastic force of the spring 2247, pushing the permanent magnet plate 2248 outward, thereby causing the displacement bar 2241 to be tightly locked to the rail groove 2211 through the guide groove 2242. The connection rigidity is significantly enhanced, effectively suppressing radial movement and ensuring the accuracy and stability of linear motion.

[0035] When the buckle and slot are engaged at the end or when compliant guidance is required, the electromagnet 2246 is demagnetized, and the magnetic repulsion disappears. At this time, under the restoring force of the spring 2247, the distance between the permanent magnet plate 2248 and the electromagnet 2246 is reduced, the locking state between the displacement bar 2241 and the rail groove 2211 is released, the connection stiffness is weakened, and the displacement bar 2241 is allowed to produce a small amount of elastic movement in the radial direction. This provides the necessary degree of freedom for the swing guidance of the end effector 25, and perfectly realizes the adaptive switching between positioning rigidity and compliant assembly. It is one of the key functional modules for this device to achieve high success rate automated fastening.

[0036] In an embodiment of the present invention, the drive assembly 23 includes a linkage rod 231, a synchronous pulley 232, and a synchronous belt 233. The linkage rod 231 is movably inserted into a plurality of shifting assemblies 22 and fixedly inserted into a plurality of drive gears 2231. The synchronous pulley 232 is fixedly sleeved on one end of the linkage rod 231, and the synchronous belt 233 is sleeved on a plurality of synchronous pulleys 232. One of the linkage rods 231 is connected to a motor.

[0037] In this invention, the linkage rod 231 is movably inserted into several shifting components 22 and fixedly connected to the drive gear 2231 in each shifting component 22, thereby directly transmitting rotational power to each gear set 223. A synchronous pulley 232 is fixedly sleeved at one end of each linkage rod 231, and each synchronous pulley 232 is linked by a synchronous belt 233 surrounding it. One linkage rod 231 is connected to a drive motor, serving as the power input source for the entire positioning fixture 2. This drive-linkage assembly achieves strict synchronous drive of multiple shifting components 22 through a composite transmission method of rods and belts, ensuring that the reading light cover and base at all workstations can be assembled and moved simultaneously and at the same speed. This not only improves the production efficiency of multi-workstation operations but also fundamentally guarantees the consistency of assembly actions at each workstation, effectively improving the operational stability and product assembly quality of the entire automated welding device.

[0038] In another embodiment of the present invention, the clamping assembly 24 includes a loading frame 241, a clamping frame 243, a movable groove 244, a motor 245, a threaded rod 246, and a suction cup 247. The loading frame 241 is detachably connected to the moving end of the displacement assembly 22. The movable groove 244 is opened on the loading frame 241. The clamping frame 243 is movably disposed on the movable groove 244. The motor 245 is disposed at the top of the clamping frame 243. One end of the threaded rod 246 is fixedly connected to the output end of the motor 245, and the other end of the threaded rod 246 is threadedly connected to the threaded groove on the movable groove 244. The suction cups 247 are symmetrically disposed on the loading frame 241.

[0039] In this invention, a motor 245 drives a threaded rod 246 to rotate, which in turn causes the clamping frame 243 to move precisely up and down along the movable groove 244, thus adapting to reading lamp covers or bases of different thicknesses or curvatures. Suction cups 247 are symmetrically arranged on the loading frame 241 to reliably adsorb and fix the workpiece during assembly. This clamping assembly has a compact structure and is easy to adjust, achieving stable gripping of the workpiece and highly flexible position adjustment. This provides reliable clamping assurance for subsequent precise alignment and fastening, and significantly enhances the equipment's adaptability to different products.

[0040] In another embodiment of the present invention, the loading frame 241 is also provided with symmetrical inner grooves 242, and the end effector 25 is disposed on the inner grooves 242.

[0041] The design of the inner groove 242 in this invention enables the integrated and compact installation of the end effector 25 inside the clamping assembly 24, making the swing drive mechanism and the workpiece clamping point close in height, effectively shortening the power transmission path and improving the sensitivity and accuracy of the swing response.

[0042] In an embodiment of the present invention, the end effector 25 includes a stator plate 251, an excitation coil 252, a mover block 253, a spring-loaded folding plate 254, and a permanent magnet block 255. The stator plate 251 is disposed at both ends inside the inner groove 242. The excitation coils 252 are arranged linearly at equal intervals on the stator plate 251. The spring-loaded folding plates 254 are symmetrically fixed on the inner groove 242. The mover block 253 is fixedly connected between two spring-loaded folding plates 254. The permanent magnet blocks 255 are fixedly inserted linearly at equal intervals on the mover block 253. A plurality of permanent magnet blocks 255 and a plurality of excitation coils 252 are arranged alternately.

[0043] In this invention, the stator plate 251 is located at both ends inside the inner slot 242, serving as the basis for generating a static magnetic field; the excitation coils 252 are arranged linearly and at equal intervals on the stator plate 251, forming an electromagnetic unit that can controllably generate an alternating magnetic field; the elastic folding plates 254 are symmetrically fixed on the inner slot 242, serving both as support and elastic reset functions; the moving block 253 is fixedly connected between two elastic folding plates 254, forming an actuator capable of reciprocating motion; the permanent magnet blocks 255 are linearly and at equal intervals fixedly inserted on the moving block 253, and several permanent magnet blocks 255 and several excitation coils 252 are arranged alternately to form a compact electromagnetic coupling array; When the reading lamp cover and base move to the end of the assembly and require guiding the clamping components to swing, the control system is activated. Assuming the mover block 253 needs to swing back and forth horizontally, the excitation coils 252 located on both sides of the mover block 253's direction of movement are divided into two groups: phase A and phase B. The polarities of adjacent permanent magnet blocks 255 are alternated along the direction of movement, for example, NSNS… First, a positive pulse current, such as +1A, is applied to the phase A coil for 5ms, generating an S-pole magnetic field on the side closest to the mover block 253. Since the side of the permanent magnet block 255 closest to the phase A coil is the N-pole, according to the principle of opposite poles attracting each other, the mover block 253 is attracted towards the phase A coil side, compressing the elastic flap 254 on that side.

[0044] Subsequently, the current in phase A coil is cut off, and a positive pulse current, such as +1A for 5ms, is simultaneously supplied to phase B coil, causing it to generate an S-pole magnetic field on the side near the moving block 253. At this time, the side of the permanent magnet 255 on the moving block 253 near the phase B coil becomes the N-pole. Due to the alternating polarity, the moving block 253 is attracted to move towards the phase B coil side. By alternately supplying pulse currents of the same direction to phase A and phase B coils at a specific frequency, such as 100Hz (i.e., a period of 10ms, with each phase conducting for 5ms), and utilizing the alternating polarity arrangement of the permanent magnets and the switching of the electromagnetic field direction, the moving block 253 can be driven to continuously oscillate back and forth at a set amplitude and frequency, such as ±0.5mm at 100Hz. This oscillation is transmitted to the clamped workpiece through the loading frame 241, producing a smooth rubbing effect, effectively resolving the interference between the latch and the slot, and guiding it to slide into engagement.

[0045] Working principle: This embodiment provides a method for using an automatic positioning welding device for reading lamp covers, including the following steps: Step 1: Loading and clamping the workpiece; The reading lamp cover and base are respectively conveyed by the conveying mechanism to the clamping components 24 of each positioning fixture 2. The suction cup 247 is activated to adsorb and fix the workpiece; the motor 245 drives the threaded rod 246 to adjust the height of the clamping frame 243 according to the workpiece thickness to achieve adaptive clamping; Step 2: Move towards each other in alignment; The motor of the drive assembly 23 starts, and drives the drive gears 2231 of each displacement assembly 22 to rotate synchronously via the linkage rod 231 and the synchronous belt 233. The gear set 223 transmits the rotational motion to the displacement module 224, which drives the two displacement bars 2241 to make precise, opposite linear movements along the track groove 2211, so that the mask held by the clamping assembly 24 moves smoothly towards the base until the predetermined assembly approach position is reached; Step 3: Rigid positioning and initial alignment; During the movement, the electromagnet 2246 of the magnetic control unit 2245 is energized, generating a magnetic repulsion force with the same pole as the permanent magnet plate 2248, which makes the displacement bar 2241 and the track groove 2211 tightly locked together, maintaining a high rigidity connection state, ensuring no shaking and accurate positioning during the alignment process. Step 4: Gently swing to guide the fastening; When the workpiece moves to the end of the assembly and the buckle and slot are about to contact, the electromagnet 2246 is de-energized, the magnetic repulsion disappears, and the displacement bar 2241 and the track groove 2211 switch to a flexible connection state, allowing a slight radial float. At the same time, the end effector 25 is activated: the control system alternately supplies pulse current to the first and second sets of excitation coils 252 arranged on both sides of the moving block 253 in the direction of movement, so that they generate an alternating magnetic field; by using the alternating polarity arrangement of permanent magnet blocks 255 and their interaction with the magnetic field, the moving block 253 drives the loading frame 241 and the clamped workpiece to perform high-frequency micro-amplitude reciprocating oscillation. This oscillation, while maintaining the tendency of opposing pressing, produces a rubbing effect, adaptively dissolving interference, guiding the buckle to slide in along the inclined surface of the slot and complete the fastening; Step 5: Welding and curing; After the fastening is completed, the three-axis moving mechanism 3 drives the ultrasonic welding mechanism 4 to move to the welding position to perform ultrasonic welding on the joint between the fastened mask and the base. Step Six: Unloading and Resetting; After welding is completed, the suction cup 247 releases the workpiece, which is then removed by the external unloading mechanism; all moving parts are reset under the command of the control system, ready for the next work cycle.

[0046] The embodiments disclosed in this invention are preferred embodiments, but are not limited thereto. Those skilled in the art can easily understand the spirit of this invention based on the above embodiments and make different extensions and variations, but as long as they do not depart from the spirit of this invention, they are all within the protection scope of this invention.

Claims

1. An automatic positioning welding device for a reading lamp cover, characterized in that, It includes a welding platform (1), which is provided with several positioning fixtures (2), a three-axis moving mechanism (3) is provided on the welding platform (1), and an ultrasonic welding mechanism (4) is provided at the moving end of the three-axis moving mechanism (3). The positioning fixture (2) includes a carrier plate (21), a displacement assembly (22), a drive assembly (23), a clamping assembly (24), and an end effector assembly (25). The carrier plate (21) is disposed on the welding platform (1). A plurality of displacement assemblies (22) are mounted on the carrier plate (21). The drive assembly (23) is disposed on a plurality of displacement assemblies (22). The clamping assembly (24) is symmetrically disposed on the displacement assemblies (22). The end effector assembly (25) is symmetrically disposed on the clamping assembly (24). The end effector (25) is configured such that when the clamping component (24) is driven by the drive assembly (23) and the reading lamp cover and reading lamp base are moved to the assembly end by the opposing component (22), the component clamped by the clamping component (24) can perform reciprocating swing while maintaining the opposite moving trend. This swing resolves the interference generated when the buckle and the slot are docked and guides them to slide into each other, thereby enabling the buckle and the slot to complete the engagement.

2. The automatic positioning welding device for a reading lamp cover according to claim 1, characterized in that, The carrier plate (21) has several mounting slots (211), the shifting component (22) is fixedly mounted on the mounting slot (211), and part of the structure of the shifting component (22) is placed on the outer side of the top of the mounting slot (211).

3. The automatic positioning welding device for a reading lamp cover according to claim 1, characterized in that, The displacement assembly (22) includes a rail plate (221), a clamping plate (222), a gear set (223), and a displacement module (224). The rail plate (221) is symmetrically arranged on the carrier plate (21). The clamping plate (222) is fixedly arranged between the two rail plates (221). The gear set (223) is arranged between the two rail plates (221) and located above the clamping plate (222). The displacement module (224) is symmetrically slidably arranged on the top of the rail plate (221). The gear set (223) is meshed with the displacement module (224). The clamping assembly (24) is detachably connected to the displacement module (224). The top of the track plate (221) is provided with a track groove (2211), and the displacement module (224) is symmetrically slidably disposed on the track groove (2211).

4. An automatic positioning welding device for a reading lamp cover according to claim 3, characterized in that, The gear set (223) includes a driving gear (2231), a driven gear (2232), an actuating gear A (2233), and an actuating gear B (2234). The driving gear (2231), the driven gear (2232), the actuating gear A (2233), and the actuating gear B (2234) are all rotatably disposed between the two rail plates (221). The drive coupling assembly (23) is fixedly connected to the driving gear (2231). One end of the driving gear (2231) is meshed with the driven gear (2232), and the other end of the driving gear (2231) is meshed with the actuating gear A (2233). One end of the actuating gear B (2234) is meshed with the driven gear (2232). The actuator gear A (2233) and actuator gear B (2234) are respectively meshed and connected to the displacement module (224).

5. An automatic positioning welding device for a reading lamp cover according to claim 4, characterized in that, The displacement module (224) includes a displacement bar (2241), a guide groove (2242), an elastic groove (2243), a magnetic cavity (2244), and a magnetic control unit (2245). The guide groove (2242) is symmetrically opened on the displacement bar (2241). The displacement bar (2241) is slidably disposed on the track groove (2211) through the guide groove (2242). The elastic groove (2243) is opened at the inner end of the guide groove (2242). The magnetic cavity (2244) is opened in the middle of the displacement bar (2241). The magnetic control unit (2245) is disposed on the magnetic cavity (2244) and the elastic groove (2243).

6. An automatic positioning welding device for a reading lamp cover according to claim 5, characterized in that, The magnetic control unit (2245) includes an electromagnet (2246), a spring (2247), and a permanent magnet plate (2248). The electromagnet (2246) is fixedly disposed in the magnetic cavity (2244). A plurality of springs (2247) are symmetrically connected to the inner sidewall of the elastic groove (2243). One end of the permanent magnet plate (2248) is fixedly connected to the spring (2247), and the other end of the permanent magnet plate (2248) is slidably disposed on the elastic groove (2243).

7. An automatic positioning welding device for a reading lamp cover according to claim 6, characterized in that, The drive assembly (23) includes a linkage rod (231), a synchronous pulley (232), and a synchronous belt (233). The linkage rod (231) is movably inserted into a plurality of the opposing assemblies (22) and fixedly inserted into a plurality of the driving gears (2231). The synchronous pulley (232) is fixedly sleeved on one end of the linkage rod (231). The synchronous belt (233) is sleeved on a plurality of the synchronous pulleys (232). One of the linkage rods (231) is connected to a motor.

8. An automatic positioning welding device for a reading lamp cover according to claim 1, characterized in that, The clamping assembly (24) includes a loading frame (241), a clamping frame (243), a movable slot (244), a motor (245), a threaded rod (246), and a suction cup (247). The loading frame (241) is detachably connected to the moving end of the opposing assembly (22). The movable slot (244) is opened on the loading frame (241). The clamping frame (243) is movably disposed on the movable slot (244). The motor (245) is disposed at the top of the clamping frame (243). One end of the threaded rod (246) is fixedly connected to the output end of the motor (245). The other end of the threaded rod (246) is threadedly connected to the threaded groove on the movable slot (244). The suction cup (247) is symmetrically disposed on the loading frame (241).

9. An automatic positioning welding device for a reading lamp cover according to claim 8, characterized in that, The loading rack (241) is also symmetrically provided with inner grooves (242), and the end effector (25) is provided on the inner grooves (242).

10. An automatic positioning welding device for a reading lamp cover according to claim 9, characterized in that, The end effector assembly (25) includes a stator plate (251), an excitation coil (252), a mover block (253), a spring-loaded folding plate (254), and a permanent magnet block (255). The stator plate (251) is located at both ends inside the inner groove (242). The excitation coils (252) are arranged linearly and evenly on the stator plate (251). The spring-loaded folding plates (254) are symmetrically fixed on the inner groove (242). The mover block (253) is fixedly connected between two spring-loaded folding plates (254). The permanent magnet blocks (255) are fixedly inserted linearly and evenly on the mover block (253). A plurality of permanent magnet blocks (255) and a plurality of excitation coils (252) are arranged alternately.

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