Automatic arch breaking control device and arch breaking method for hardening of ash on inner wall of ash hopper

Abstract

The invention discloses an automatic arch breaking control device and an arch breaking method for hardening of ash on the inner wall of an ash hopper bin, relates to the technical field of auxiliary equipment of a pneumatic ash conveying system of a thermal power plant, and aims to solve the problems that a large number of manpower resources are consumed, and potential safety hazards are brought to safe and stable operation of the power plant due to the fact that climbing operation has large personal safety risks. According to the technical scheme, the dust hopper is characterized by comprising a dust hopper body, a rotation preventing material level switch is fixedly installed at one end of the dust hopper body, a control box is electrically connected to one end of the rotation preventing material level switch, a heat insulation vibration transmission assembly is fixedly connected to the outer side of the dust hopper body, and a pneumatic vibrator is arranged at the end, away from the dust hopper body, of the heat insulation vibration transmission assembly; the air inlet end of the pneumatic vibrator is fixedly connected with an air inlet pipe, the outer side of the air inlet pipe is fixedly connected with an electromagnetic stop valve and a manual valve, and the face, away from the pneumatic vibrator, of the air inlet pipe is fixedly communicated with a compressed air pipe. And the effects of greatly reducing the equipment purchase cost, the construction difficulty and the human input are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of auxiliary equipment technology for pneumatic ash conveying systems in thermal power plants, and in particular to an automatic arch-breaking control device and method for preventing ash material from caking on the inner wall of ash hoppers. Background Technology

[0002] In the application scenario of pneumatic ash conveying in thermal power plants, ash hoppers are key equipment for ash storage and conveying. Due to factors such as large temperature differences between the inside and outside of the hopper walls, the ash inside the hoppers often becomes damp, the humidity increases, and the viscosity rises.

[0003] These sticky ash materials can easily form localized caking and arching on the blades of rotary paddle level switches, which can trigger false alarms of high material levels. In actual operation, such false alarms account for a very high percentage. Once an alarm occurs, maintenance personnel need to climb to a height and open the flange of the level switch to check whether it is a true high material level.

[0004] The existing technical solutions mentioned above have the following drawbacks: if false alarms caused by localized caking are not dealt with in a timely manner, the alarm signal will remain. When the ash material actually rises, the level switch will lose its alarm or interlocking trip function, which may lead to serious safety accidents. The traditional handling method requires first removing the insulation material near the level gauge, and then having maintenance personnel manually pound the hopper wall in mid-air to clear the caking ash material. This not only consumes a lot of manpower, but also poses a significant personal safety risk to the operation at height, thus creating hidden dangers for the safe and stable operation of the power plant. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide an automatic arch-breaking control device and method for preventing ash material caking on the inner wall of an ash hopper, which is simple in structure, easy to install, and cost-controllable.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0007] An automatic arch-breaking control device for ash material caking on the inner wall of an ash hopper includes an ash hopper body. A rotary paddle level switch is fixedly installed at one end of the ash hopper body. One end of the rotary paddle level switch is electrically connected to a control box. A heat-insulating vibration transmission assembly is fixedly connected to the outside of the ash hopper body. A pneumatic vibrator is installed at the end of the heat-insulating vibration transmission assembly away from the ash hopper body. An air inlet pipe is fixedly connected to the air inlet end of the pneumatic vibrator. An electromagnetic shut-off valve and a manual valve are fixedly connected to the outside of the air inlet pipe. A compressed air pipe is fixedly connected to the side of the air inlet pipe away from the pneumatic vibrator.

[0008] Through the above technical solutions, the vibration and unblocking mechanism is automatically triggered, which can eliminate the hidden danger of ash accumulation in the early stage of caking, prevent the caking range from expanding, reduce manual intervention, reduce operational risks, ensure the reliability of the material level switch alarm and protection functions, and ensure the stable operation of the power plant's pneumatic ash conveying system.

[0009] Furthermore, the control box includes a first delayed pulse relay KTP, an alarm circuit DCS, a second delayed pulse relay KTP1, and a control panel, which are electrically connected.

[0010] Through the above technical solution, the energizing delay time and rapping duration of the delay pulse relay can be freely adjusted according to the actual working conditions on site, and it supports both automatic and manual control modes to adapt to different slab formation scenarios.

[0011] Furthermore, the control box is connected to a 220VAC power supply, pin 1 of the normally open contact of the rotary paddle level switch is electrically connected to terminal A1 of the first delayed pulse relay KTP, pin 2 of the normally open contact of the rotary paddle level switch is electrically connected to the alarm circuit DCS, and terminal A2 of the first delayed pulse relay KTP is connected to the neutral wire.

[0012] Furthermore, pin 1 of the normally open contact of the first delayed pulse relay KTP is electrically connected to the L terminal of the electromagnetic shut-off valve, and the N terminal of the electromagnetic shut-off valve is connected to the neutral wire.

[0013] Furthermore, a rotary switch is electrically connected to one end of the control panel, and pins 1 and 2 of the normally open contact of the second delay pulse relay KTP1 are electrically connected to the two ends of the rotary switch, respectively, for manually controlling the start and stop of the vibrator.

[0014] The above technical solutions can eliminate the risk of ash accumulation in the early stage of caking, prevent the caking range from expanding, reduce manual intervention, lower operational risks, ensure the reliability of the material level switch alarm and protection functions, and ensure the stable operation of the power plant's pneumatic ash conveying system.

[0015] Furthermore, one end of the compressed air pipe is fixedly connected to a compressed gas supply device for supplying air, and the other end of the compressed air pipe is connected to a feed valve. The lower end of the ash hopper is fixedly connected to a discharge pipe, and the feed valve is installed on the outside of the discharge pipe.

[0016] Furthermore, the heat-insulating vibration transmission assembly includes a wall hopper connecting seat, which is fixedly connected to the ash hopper body. A vibration transmission block is fixedly connected to the side of the wall hopper connecting seat away from the ash hopper body. A vibrator connecting flange is fixedly connected to the side of the vibration transmission block away from the wall hopper connecting seat. The vibrator connecting flange is fixedly connected to the output end of the pneumatic vibrator.

[0017] The above technical solution utilizes existing compressed air pipelines and VAC power supplies for level gauges nearby, eliminating the need for additional long-distance air supply pipelines and power cables. Only short-distance control cables are required, significantly reducing equipment procurement costs, construction difficulty, and manpower input.

[0018] Furthermore, a method for breaking the arch of an automatic arch-breaking control device for preventing ash material caking on the inner wall of an ash hopper is as follows:

[0019] S: Component preparation. The heat-insulated vibration transmission component consists of three parts: the bin wall connecting seat, the vibration transmission block, and the vibrator connecting flange. After connecting the pneumatic vibrator, it can avoid the vibration bin wall insulation material covering the vibrator, and at the same time, it can block the bin wall heat radiation to a certain extent to extend the service life of the vibrator.

[0020] The pneumatic rapping mechanism includes a pneumatic vibrator, an electromagnetic shut-off valve, a manual valve, and an air inlet pipe. A hole is made in the existing compressed air pipeline, and the air inlet pipe is connected to introduce compressed air into the air inlet of the pneumatic rapper. The electromagnetic shut-off valve and the manual valve are installed on the pipe in sequence to realize the on-off control of the air source.

[0021] The control box has a built-in time-delay pulse relay, and the control panel is equipped with a rotary switch. The box integrates power distribution, signal conversion and control logic execution functions.

[0022] S2: Install the equipment. Weld the heat-insulated vibration transmission component near the level gauge installation point. The heat-insulated vibration transmission component is fully welded and fixed to the silo wall. Clean the silo wall of rust before welding and perform rust prevention treatment after welding. The welded area needs to be ground smooth to avoid stress concentration. Then install the pneumatic vibrator and tighten it with high-strength bolts. Use nylon lock nuts + spring washers to prevent it from loosening during vibration. Lead a branch pipe from the compressed air main pipe and connect it to the air inlet of the pneumatic vibrator to complete the series installation of the electromagnetic shut-off valve and the manual valve.

[0023] S3: Electrical wiring: The control box is connected to a 220VAC power supply, directly utilizing the working power of the raw material level gauge, without the need for additional power cables;

[0024] A 220VAC power supply is branched off from the control box and connected to the power terminal of the level gauge to ensure its normal operation.

[0025] A live wire is sent from the control box to the normally open contact 1 of the rotary paddle level switch. The normally open contact 2 of the rotary paddle level switch is split into two outputs. One output is connected to the A1 terminal of the first delayed pulse relay KTP, and the other output is connected to the alarm circuit of the original rotary paddle level switch sent to the alarm circuit DCS. The A2 terminal of the first delayed pulse relay KTP is connected to the neutral wire.

[0026] A live wire is branched off from the control box and connected to the normally open contact 2 of the first delayed pulse relay KTP. The normally open contact 1 of the first delayed pulse relay KTP is connected to the excitation coil L terminal of the electromagnetic shut-off valve, and the N terminal of the electromagnetic shut-off valve is connected to the neutral wire.

[0027] The normally open contact 3 of the rotary switch on the control panel is connected to pin 1 of the second delayed pulse relay KTP1, and the normally open contact 4 of the rotary switch is connected to pin 2 of the second delayed pulse relay KTP1, for manual control of the vibrator's start and stop.

[0028] The above technical solutions completely replace the traditional method of manually climbing and hammering to clear blockages, avoiding the personal safety risks of working at heights, reducing the workload of maintenance personnel, and improving equipment maintenance efficiency.

[0029] Furthermore, when the rotary paddle level switch detects that the ash plate is stuck, its normally open contact closes, KTP is energized, and a high level alarm signal is sent to the DCS system to remind the operators to pay attention to the abnormal situation. After KTP is energized for 5 seconds, its normally open contact KTP-1 closes, the electromagnetic shut-off valve opens, the pneumatic vibrator starts and continues to work for 100 seconds; after 100 seconds, KTP-1 opens, the electromagnetic shut-off valve closes due to de-energization, and the vibrator stops working.

[0030] Furthermore, the following are the methods for handling three different situations that occur during the operation of the pneumatic vibrator:

[0031] A1: During the operation of the vibrator, if the normally open contact of the material level switch returns to the open state, it indicates that the caking has been eliminated. The vibrator will continue to work for 100 seconds according to the set time and then stop.

[0032] A2: If the normally open contact of the material level switch remains closed after the vibrator has been working for 100 seconds, it indicates that the automatic vibration is ineffective under the current working conditions. The vibrator will stop working. At this time, maintenance personnel need to be notified to go to the site to further investigate the cause. If the caking still exists, the vibrator can be manually engaged through the control box knob switch to continue clearing the ash until it is completely cleared.

[0033] A3: If the normally open contact of the level switch shows "open-closed again" within 100 seconds, KTP will restart the timer and trigger the second automatic vibration action. If it still does not return to normal after multiple vibrations, the maintenance personnel can be notified to go to the site for further inspection.

[0034] Through the above technical solution, the energizing delay time and rapping duration of the delay pulse relay can be freely adjusted according to the actual working conditions on site, and it supports both automatic and manual control modes to adapt to different slab formation scenarios.

[0035] In summary, the beneficial technical effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0036] 1. Cost and construction advantages: The existing compressed air pipeline and 220VAC power supply of the level gauge can be used nearby, eliminating the need for additional long-distance air source pipelines and power cables. Only a short-distance control cable is required, which greatly reduces equipment procurement costs, construction difficulty and manpower input.

[0037] 2. Advantages of active protection: It can automatically trigger the vibration and unblocking action in the early stage of ash material caking, effectively preventing the caking range from expanding, avoiding the failure of the material level switch for a long time, and ensuring the reliability of the high material level alarm and protection functions.

[0038] 3. Safety and efficiency advantages: It completely replaces the traditional method of manually climbing and hammering to clear blockages, avoids the personal safety risks of working at heights, reduces the workload of maintenance personnel, and improves equipment maintenance efficiency;

[0039] 4. Flexible Adaptability: The energizing delay time and rapping duration of the delay pulse relay can be freely adjusted according to the actual working conditions on site. It also supports both automatic and manual control modes to adapt to different slab formation scenarios. Attached Figure Description

[0040] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the device of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the circuit connection structure of the present invention.

[0043] In the diagram, 1. Ash hopper body; 2. Rotary paddle level switch; 3. Control box; 4. Insulated vibration transmission assembly; 5. Pneumatic vibrator; 6. Air inlet pipe; 7. Electromagnetic shut-off valve; 8. Manual valve; 9. Compressed air pipe; 31. First delayed pulse relay KTP; 32. Alarm circuit DCS; 33. Second delayed pulse relay KTP1; 34. Control panel; 35. Rotary switch; 41. Bin connection seat; 42. Vibration transmission block; 43. Vibrator connection flange; 91. Compressed gas supply equipment; 92. Feed valve; 93. Discharge pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0044] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0045] Example 1

[0046] Reference Figure 1An automatic arch-breaking control device for preventing ash material caking on the inner wall of an ash hopper includes an ash hopper body 1. A rotary level switch 2 is fixedly installed at one end of the ash hopper body 1. A control box 3 is electrically connected to one end of the rotary level switch 2. A heat-insulating vibration transmission assembly 4 is fixedly connected to the outside of the ash hopper body 1. A pneumatic vibrator 5 is installed at the end of the heat-insulating vibration transmission assembly 4 away from the ash hopper body 1. An air inlet pipe 6 is fixedly connected to the air inlet end of the pneumatic vibrator 5. An electromagnetic shut-off valve 7 and a manual valve 8 are fixedly connected to the outside of the air inlet pipe 6. A compressed air pipe 9 is fixedly connected to the side of the air inlet pipe 6 away from the pneumatic vibrator 5. The control box 3 is equipped with a 2P2A circuit breaker with leakage protection.

[0047] Reference Figure 3 The control box 3 contains a first delayed pulse relay KTP31, an alarm circuit DCS32, a second delayed pulse relay KTP133, and a control panel 34. The first delayed pulse relay KTP31, alarm circuit DCS32, second delayed pulse relay KTP133, and control panel 34 are electrically connected. The recommended model for the first delayed pulse relay KTP31 and the second delayed pulse relay KTP133 is GEYA:GRT8-P, which can be set to have a 5-second energized delay and a 100-degree closing duration. Seconds. Note: The delay time and pulse width can be adjusted according to the actual scenario. The control box 3 is connected to a 220VAC power supply. Pin 1 of the normally open contact of the rotary level switch 2 is electrically connected to terminal A1 of the first delayed pulse relay KTP31. Pin 2 of the normally open contact of the rotary level switch 2 is electrically connected to the alarm circuit DCS32. Terminal A2 of the first delayed pulse relay KTP31 is connected to the neutral wire. Pin 1 of the normally open contact of the first delayed pulse relay KTP31 is electrically connected to terminal L of the electromagnetic stop valve 7. Terminal N of the electromagnetic stop valve 7 is connected to the neutral wire. One end of the control panel 34 is electrically connected to a rotary switch 35. Pins 1 and 2 of the normally open contact of the second delayed pulse relay KTP133 are electrically connected to the two ends of the rotary switch 35, respectively, for manually controlling the start and stop of the vibrator.

[0048] Reference Figure 2One end of the compressed air pipe 9 is fixedly connected to a compressed gas supply device 91 for supplying air, and the other end of the compressed air pipe 9 is connected to a feed valve 92. The lower end of the ash hopper body 1 is fixedly connected to a discharge pipe 93, and the feed valve 92 is installed on the outside of the discharge pipe 93. The heat-insulated vibration transmission assembly 4 includes a wall hopper connecting seat 41, which is fixedly connected to the ash hopper body 1. A vibration transmission block 42 is fixedly connected to the side of the wall hopper connecting seat 41 away from the ash hopper body 1, and a vibration transmission block 42 is fixedly connected to the side of the vibration transmission block 42 away from the wall hopper connecting seat 41. Vibrator connecting flange 43 is fixedly connected to the output end of pneumatic vibrator 5. The wall silo connecting seat 41 can be made of Q355B steel plate: high temperature resistance, high strength, avoids welding deformation, and has a thickness of 10-12mm. The vibration transmission block 42 can be made of No. 45 modulation steel: strong rigidity, minimal vibration attenuation, avoids energy loss, and can be made in square or round shapes with a cross-sectional area slightly smaller than that of the wall silo connecting seat 41. The vibrator connecting flange 43 can be made of Q355B steel plate, with dimensions that perfectly match the vibrator base and a thickness of 10-12mm.

[0049] Working principle: Component preparation: The heat insulation vibration transmission component 4 consists of three parts: the bin wall connecting seat 41, the vibration transmission block 42, and the vibrator connecting flange 43. After connecting the pneumatic vibrator 5, it can avoid the vibration bin wall insulation material covering the vibrator, and at the same time, it can block the bin wall heat radiation to a certain extent to extend the service life of the vibrator.

[0050] The pneumatic rapping mechanism includes a pneumatic vibrator 5, an electromagnetic shut-off valve 7, a manual valve 8, and an air inlet pipe 6. A hole is made in the original compressed air pipe 9 and the air inlet pipe 6 is connected to introduce compressed air into the air inlet of the pneumatic rapper 5. The electromagnetic shut-off valve 7 and the manual valve 8 are installed on the pipe in sequence to realize the on-off control of the air source.

[0051] The control box 3 has a built-in time-delay pulse relay, and the control panel 34 is equipped with a rotary switch 35. The box integrates power distribution, signal conversion and control logic execution functions.

[0052] Install the equipment, weld and install the heat-insulated vibration transmission component 4 near the installation point of the level gauge, and fully weld and fix the heat-insulated vibration transmission component 4 to the silo wall. Before welding, clean the silo wall of rust, and after welding, perform rust prevention treatment. The welded area needs to be ground smooth to avoid stress concentration. Then install the pneumatic vibrator 5, tighten it with high-strength bolts, and use nylon lock nuts + spring washers to prevent vibration from loosening. Lead out a branch pipe from the compressed air main pipe and connect it to the air inlet of the pneumatic vibrator 5 to complete the series installation of the electromagnetic shut-off valve 7 and the manual valve 8.

[0053] Electrical wiring: Control box 3 is connected to a 220VAC power supply, directly utilizing the working power of the raw material level gauge, without the need for additional power cables;

[0054] A 220VAC power supply is split from control box 3 and connected to the power terminal of the level gauge to ensure the normal operation of the level gauge;

[0055] A live wire is sent from control box 3 to the normally open contact 1 of rotary level switch 2. The normally open contact 2 of rotary level switch 2 is split into two outputs. One output is connected to the A1 terminal of the first delayed pulse relay KTP31, and the other output is connected to the alarm circuit of the original rotary level switch 2 sent to the alarm circuit DCS32. The A2 terminal of the first delayed pulse relay KTP31 is connected to the neutral wire.

[0056] A live wire is branched off from control box 3 and connected to the normally open contact 2 of the first delayed pulse relay KTP31. The normally open contact 1 of the first delayed pulse relay KTP31 is connected to the excitation coil L terminal of the electromagnetic shut-off valve 7. The N terminal of the electromagnetic shut-off valve 7 is connected to the neutral wire.

[0057] The normally open contact 3 of the rotary switch 35 on the control panel 34 is connected to pin 1 of the second delayed pulse relay KTP133, and the normally open contact 4 of the rotary switch 35 is connected to pin 2 of the second delayed pulse relay KTP133, for manual control of the start and stop of the vibrator.

[0058] When the rotary paddle level switch 2 detects that the ash plate is blocked by slurry, its normally open contact closes, KTP is energized, and a high-level alarm signal is sent to the DCS system to remind the operators to pay attention to the abnormal situation. After KTP is energized for 5 seconds, its normally open contact KTP-1 closes, the electromagnetic shut-off valve is energized and opens, and the pneumatic vibrator starts and works continuously for 100 seconds. After 100 seconds, KTP-1 opens, the electromagnetic shut-off valve is de-energized and closes, and the vibrator stops working.

[0059] The following are the handling methods for three different situations that occur during the operation of the pneumatic vibrator 5: 1. During vibrator operation, if the normally open contact of the level switch returns to the open state, it indicates that the caking has been eliminated. The vibrator will continue to work for 100 seconds according to the set time and then stop. 2. After the vibrator has worked for 100 seconds, if the normally open contact of the level switch remains closed, it indicates that the automatic vibration is ineffective under the current operating conditions. The vibrator will stop working. In this case, maintenance personnel should be notified to go to the site for further investigation. If the caking still exists, the vibrator can be manually engaged via the control box knob switch to continue clearing the accumulated dust until it is completely cleared. 3. Within the 100-second timer, if the normally open contact of the level switch shows "open-closed again," KTP will restart the timer and trigger a second automatic vibration action. If the vibration does not return to normal after multiple vibrations, maintenance personnel should be notified to go to the site for further inspection.

[0060] Example 2

[0061] Electric vibrator solution: This solution replaces the pneumatic vibrator 5 with an electric vibrator. It requires additional power cable laying and a dedicated power supply. Although the vibration intensity is adjustable, the construction cost is high, and the motor is easily affected by the high temperature of the silo wall, resulting in a shorter service life. It is suitable for scenarios without a compressed air source.

[0062] Example 3

[0063] Ultrasonic arch breaking solution: An ultrasonic generator is installed on the inner wall of the ash hopper to break up the caking using ultrasonic vibration. No mechanical contact is required. However, the equipment purchase cost is high, and the propagation of ultrasonic waves is easily affected by the moisture content of the ash material, resulting in unstable arch breaking effect. It is suitable for scenarios with strict requirements on vibration and noise.

[0064] Example 4

[0065] Heating and anti-caking solution: Install heating components on the bin wall to reduce the moisture absorption of ash material caused by temperature difference by increasing the bin wall temperature. This requires additional heating power supply and temperature control system, which consumes a lot of energy. It is only suitable for mild moisture-induced caking caused by temperature difference and has limited effect on clearing severe caking.

[0066] The embodiments described herein are preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape and principle of the present invention should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automatic arch-breaking control device for ash material caking on the inner wall of an ash hopper, comprising an ash hopper body (1), characterized in that: A rotary level switch (2) is fixedly installed at one end of the ash hopper body (1). A control box (3) is electrically connected to one end of the rotary level switch (2). A heat-insulating vibration transmission assembly (4) is fixedly connected to the outside of the ash hopper body (1). A pneumatic vibrator (5) is provided at the end of the heat-insulating vibration transmission assembly (4) away from the ash hopper body (1). An air inlet pipe (6) is fixedly connected to the air inlet end of the pneumatic vibrator (5). An electromagnetic shut-off valve (7) and a manual valve (8) are fixedly connected to the outside of the air inlet pipe (6). A compressed air pipe (9) is fixedly connected to the side of the air inlet pipe (6) away from the pneumatic vibrator (5).

2. The automatic arch-breaking control device for ash material caking on the inner wall of an ash hopper according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control box (3) includes a first delayed pulse relay KTP (31), an alarm circuit DCS (32), a second delayed pulse relay KTP1 (33), and a control panel (34), which are electrically connected.

3. The automatic arch-breaking control device for ash material caking on the inner wall of an ash hopper according to claim 2, characterized in that: The control box (3) is connected to a 220VAC power supply. Pin 1 of the normally open contact of the rotary level switch (2) is electrically connected to the A1 terminal of the first delayed pulse relay KTP (31). Pin 2 of the normally open contact of the rotary level switch (2) is electrically connected to the alarm circuit DCS (32). The A2 terminal of the first delayed pulse relay KTP (31) is connected to the neutral wire.

4. The automatic arch-breaking control device for ash material caking on the inner wall of an ash hopper according to claim 3, characterized in that: The normally open contact of the first delayed pulse relay KTP (31) is electrically connected to the L terminal of the electromagnetic shut-off valve (7), and the N terminal of the electromagnetic shut-off valve (7) is connected to the neutral wire.

5. The automatic arch-breaking control device for ash material caking on the inner wall of an ash hopper according to claim 4, characterized in that: One end of the control panel (34) is electrically connected to a rotary switch (35). Pins 1 and 2 of the normally open contacts of the second delayed pulse relay KTP1 (33) are electrically connected to the two ends of the rotary switch (35) respectively, for manually controlling the start and stop of the vibrator.

6. The automatic arch-breaking control device for ash material caking on the inner wall of an ash hopper according to claim 5, characterized in that: One end of the compressed air pipe (9) is fixedly connected to a compressed gas supply device (91) for supplying air, and the other end of the compressed air pipe (9) is connected to a feed valve (92). The lower end of the ash hopper body (1) is fixedly connected to a discharge pipe (93), and the feed valve (92) is installed on the outside of the discharge pipe (93).

7. The automatic arch-breaking control device for ash material caking on the inner wall of an ash hopper according to claim 6, characterized in that: The heat-insulating vibration transmission assembly (4) includes a wall hopper connecting seat (41) inside. The wall hopper connecting seat (41) is fixedly connected to the ash hopper body (1). A vibration transmission block (42) is fixedly connected to the side of the wall hopper connecting seat (41) away from the ash hopper body (1). A vibrator connecting flange (43) is fixedly connected to the side of the vibration transmission block (42) away from the wall hopper connecting seat (41). The vibrator connecting flange (43) is fixedly connected to the output end of the pneumatic vibrator (5).

8. A method for breaking the arch of an automatic arch-breaking control device for ash material caking on the inner wall of an ash hopper as described in claim 7, characterized in that: The method is as follows: S1: Component preparation, the heat insulation vibration transmission component (4) consists of three parts: the bin wall connecting seat (41), the vibration transmission block (42) and the vibrator connecting flange (43). After connecting the pneumatic vibrator (5), the heat insulation material of the bin wall of the vibrator can be avoided, and the heat radiation of the bin wall can be blocked to a certain extent to extend the service life of the vibrator. The pneumatic rapping mechanism includes a pneumatic vibrator (5), an electromagnetic shut-off valve (7), a manual valve (8), and an air inlet pipe (6). A hole is made in the original compressed air pipe (9) and the air inlet pipe (6) is connected to introduce compressed air into the air inlet of the pneumatic rapper (5). The electromagnetic shut-off valve (7) and the manual valve (8) are installed on the pipe in sequence to realize the on-off control of the air source. The control box (3) has a built-in time-delay pulse relay, and the control panel (34) is equipped with a rotary switch (35). The box integrates power distribution, signal transfer and control logic execution functions. S2: Install the equipment. Weld the heat-insulating vibration transmission component (4) near the installation point of the level gauge. Weld the heat-insulating vibration transmission component (4) to the silo wall. Clean the rust on the silo wall before welding and do rust prevention treatment after welding. The welded part needs to be ground flat to avoid stress concentration. Then install the pneumatic vibrator (5) and tighten it with high-strength bolts. Use nylon lock nuts + spring washers to prevent vibration from loosening. Lead out the branch pipe from the compressed air main pipe and connect it to the air inlet of the pneumatic vibrator (5) to complete the series installation of the electromagnetic shut-off valve (7) and the manual valve (8). S3: Electrical wiring: The control box (3) is connected to a 220VAC power supply, which directly utilizes the working power of the raw material level gauge, without the need for additional power cables; A 220VAC line is split from the control box (3) and connected to the power supply terminal of the level gauge to ensure the normal operation of the level gauge; A live wire is split from the control box (3) and connected to the normally open contact 1 of the rotary level switch (2). The normally open contact 2 of the rotary level switch (2) is split into two outputs. One output is connected to the A1 terminal of the first delayed pulse relay KTP (31), and the other output is connected to the alarm circuit of the original rotary level switch (2) sent to the alarm circuit DCS (32). The A2 terminal of the first delayed pulse relay KTP (31) is connected to the neutral wire. A live wire is split from the control box (3) and connected to the normally open contact 2 of the first delayed pulse relay KTP (31). The normally open contact 1 of the first delayed pulse relay KTP (31) is connected to the excitation coil L terminal of the electromagnetic shut-off valve (7). The N terminal of the electromagnetic shut-off valve (7) is connected to the neutral wire. The normally open contact 3 of the rotary switch (35) of the control panel (34) is connected to pin 1 of the second delayed pulse relay KTP1 (33), and the normally open contact 4 of the rotary switch (35) is connected to pin 2 of the second delayed pulse relay KTP1 (33) for manual control of the start and stop of the vibrator.

9. The method for breaking the arch of the automatic arch-breaking control device for ash material caking on the inner wall of an ash hopper according to claim 8, characterized in that: When the rotary paddle level switch (2) detects that the ash plate is stuck, its normally open contact closes, KTP is energized, and a high level alarm signal is sent to the DCS system to remind the operators to pay attention to the abnormal situation. After KTP is energized for 5 seconds, its normally open contact KTP-1 closes, the electromagnetic shut-off valve is energized and opens, the pneumatic vibrator starts and works continuously for 100 seconds; after 100 seconds, KTP-1 is disconnected, the electromagnetic shut-off valve is de-energized and closes, and the vibrator stops working.

10. The method for breaking the arch of the automatic arch-breaking control device for ash material caking on the inner wall of an ash hopper according to claim 9, characterized in that: The following are the methods for handling three different situations that occur during the operation of the pneumatic vibrator (5): A1: During the operation of the vibrator, if the normally open contact of the material level switch returns to the open state, it indicates that the caking has been eliminated. The vibrator will continue to work for 100 seconds according to the set time and then stop. A2: If the normally open contact of the material level switch remains closed after the vibrator has been working for 100 seconds, it indicates that the automatic vibration is ineffective under the current working conditions. The vibrator will stop working. At this time, maintenance personnel need to be notified to go to the site to further investigate the cause. If the caking still exists, the vibrator can be manually engaged through the control box knob switch to continue clearing the ash until it is completely cleared. A3: If the normally open contact of the level switch shows "open-closed again" within 100 seconds, KTP will restart the timer and trigger the second automatic vibration action. If it still does not return to normal after multiple vibrations, the maintenance personnel can be notified to go to the site for further inspection.

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