Underground rapid disassembly and assembly type roadway mechanical coal bunker and using method thereof

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of coal mine underground storage and transportation mechanical equipment, and particularly relates to an underground fast disassembly and assembly type roadway mechanical coal bunker and a using method thereof.The underground fast disassembly and assembly type roadway mechanical coal bunker comprises at least one pair of supporting frames, a plurality of horizontal connecting frames, a protection plate and an opening and closing assembly; the connecting part is used for connecting a pair of supporting frames to form a frame structure; the protection plate is detachably installed on the inner side of the supporting frame and used for defining a material storage space. A discharging port is formed between the bottoms of the supporting frames, the opening and closing assembly is arranged on the supporting frames and located at the discharging port, the opening and closing assembly is used for discharging when opened, and the opening and closing assembly is used for sealing the discharging port when closed. The underground roadway mechanical coal bunker capable of being rapidly disassembled and assembled is jointly constructed through the characteristics, and underground carrying and assembling are facilitated through the design of the protection plates and the connecting frames; and controllable discharging is achieved through the opening and closing assembly, and the production efficiency and safety are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of underground coal mine storage and transportation machinery and equipment, specifically relating to an underground quick-assembly and disassembly type roadway mechanical coal bunker and its usage method. Background Technology

[0002] During coal mining, raw coal often contains gangue due to interbedded coal seams or broken roof and floor. If coal and gangue are transported together, the gangue will easily accelerate the wear and tear on transportation equipment such as scraper conveyors, reducing their service life. Furthermore, subsequent coal and gangue separation is still required, increasing operational steps and labor costs.

[0003] To address the aforementioned problems, existing technologies often utilize existing spaces such as main underground haulage roadways and connecting roadways to install horizontal mechanical coal bunkers for temporary buffer storage of coal or gangue. Currently, common underground mechanical coal bunkers are mainly divided into two categories:

[0004] The first type is the simple enclosed coal bunker, which directly relies on the existing roadway wall and forms a closed storage space by adding supporting structures, such as the "underground horizontal roadway coal bunker" described in patent CN02237751.4 and the "horizontal coal bunker" described in patent CN200420096733.1. This type of coal bunker has a simple structure, limited capacity, and problems such as insufficient support strength and poor safety.

[0005] The second type is the modular, assembled mechanical coal bunker, which consists of multiple independent bunkers connected together. For example, the "pressure-distributing horizontal mechanical coal bunker" disclosed in patent CN97218376.0 consists of a bunker body, a feeding belt conveyor, a mobile unloading plow, an unloading scraper conveyor, and pressure-distributing plates. The bunker body has a segmented structure; each segment's frame is welded from structural steel, and iron plates are installed on both sides and the bottom of the frame. The various bunker sections are assembled into a whole on-site underground. The upper part of the bunker body is equipped with a feeding belt conveyor, which consists of a flame-retardant belt, supports, redirecting rollers, explosion-proof electric rollers, and a frame. While this type of coal bunker possesses a certain structural strength and modularity, its complex structure increases the difficulty of underground installation and disassembly. Furthermore, when installation is required, each independent bunker occupies a significant amount of roadway area during transport. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of this, the present invention provides a quick-assembly and disassembly mechanical coal bunker for underground roadways and its usage method, so as to solve the technical problems of complex structure and difficulty in underground installation and disassembly of existing mechanical coal bunkers.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, this application adopts the following approach:

[0008] A quick-assembly and disassembly type mechanical coal bunker for underground roadways includes at least one pair of support frames, multiple horizontal connecting frames, protective plates, and opening / closing components. The pair of support frames are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the roadway. The horizontal connecting frames are horizontally positioned at both ends of the support frames to connect the pair of support frames and are detachably connected to the support frames to form a frame structure. The protective plates are detachably installed on the inner side of the support frames to enclose a storage space. A discharge port is formed between the bottoms of the pair of support frames. The opening / closing components are detachably mounted on the support frames and located at the discharge port. When the opening / closing components are open, they are used for unloading material; when the opening / closing components are closed, they are used to seal the discharge port.

[0009] Preferably, the support frame includes at least three support columns, which are arranged at equal intervals. The horizontal connecting frame is arranged between two corresponding support columns on a pair of support frames. A top beam and a bottom beam are arranged between two adjacent support columns. Several crossbeams are provided on the bottom beam. An inclined bracket is connected between the end of the crossbeam and the top beam. The inclined bracket forms a first angle with the plane where the support column is located.

[0010] Preferably, the first and last inclined supports of the support frame along its length are provided with limiting rails, and the protective plate is embedded in the limiting rails. Preferably, the top of the support column is provided with a retractable top support assembly for supporting the roadway roof.

[0011] Preferably, the top support assembly includes an anchoring cylinder base, an anchoring cylinder body, and an anchoring support. The anchoring cylinder base is disposed on the support column, and the anchoring cylinder base has a limiting hole. The diameter of the limiting hole is adapted to the bottom diameter of the anchoring cylinder body, and the bottom of the anchoring cylinder body is disposed within the limiting hole. The bottom of the anchoring support is rotatably connected to the top of the anchoring cylinder body, and the top of the anchoring support is parallel to the horizontal plane.

[0012] Preferably, the opening and closing assembly includes a valve frame, a sliding insert plate, and a drive assembly. The valve frame is detachably connected to the end of the crossbeam. The sliding insert plate is slidably disposed within the valve frame. The drive assembly is used to drive the sliding insert plate to slide and realize the closing and opening of the discharge port.

[0013] Preferably, the distance between the bottom end of the support frame and the sliding insert plate is 1 to 1.2 m.

[0014] A method for using the above-mentioned quick-assembly and disassembly type mechanical coal bunker in underground roadways includes the following steps:

[0015] S10. Transport the disassembled components of the roadway mechanical coal bunker to the installation location in the underground roadway;

[0016] S20. Assemble support frames on both sides of the roadway and connect them into a frame using horizontal connecting frames;

[0017] S30. Install the protective plate inside the support frame to form a storage space;

[0018] S40. Install the opening and closing assembly onto the support frame;

[0019] S50. Based on the tunnel length and storage requirements, repeat the above steps to assemble multiple warehouse units;

[0020] S60. When loading is required, close the opening and closing component to load the coal or gangue to be stored into the storage space through the opening at the top of the mechanical coal bunker. When unloading is required, open the opening and closing component to discharge the stored coal or gangue through the discharge port.

[0021] Preferably, the method further includes installing a telescopic top support assembly on the support column of the support frame, adjusting the extension length of the top support assembly to support the roof of the roadway.

[0022] Preferably, step S20 further includes: assembling the support frame on both sides of the feed end of the scraper conveyor; when unloading is required, opening the opening and closing assembly, and unloading the stored coal or gangue onto the conveyor channel of the scraper conveyor through the discharge port.

[0023] In the aforementioned underground rapid-assembly mechanical coal bunker for roadways and its usage method, a pair of support frames are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the roadway, and a horizontal connecting frame is horizontally set at both ends of the support frames to connect the pair of support frames and form a frame structure. A protective plate is detachably installed on the inner side of the support frames to enclose a storage space. A discharge port is formed between the bottoms of the pair of support frames, and an opening / closing component is set on the support frames and located at the discharge port. When the opening / closing component is open, it is used for unloading; when closed, it is used to seal the discharge port. These features together construct an underground roadway mechanical coal bunker that is rapidly assembled and disassembled, structurally stable, and easy to control for unloading. The symmetrical support frames and frame structure are suitable for roadways of different lengths; the protective plate and connecting frame design facilitates underground handling and assembly; and the opening / closing component enables controllable unloading, improving production efficiency and safety. This design is particularly suitable for underground temporary coal storage, coal gangue turnover, or emergency stockpiling scenarios, combining practicality and economy.

[0024] Figure 1 This is an isometric view of the mechanical coal bunker in this application.

[0025] Figure 2 This is the front view of the mechanical coal bunker in this application.

[0026] Figure 3 This is a structural schematic diagram of the support frame in this application.

[0027] Figure 4This is a cross-sectional view of the telescopic top support assembly in this application.

[0028] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the actual application of the mechanical coal bunker in this application.

[0029] In the figure, there are: support frame 100, support column 110, telescopic top support assembly 111, anchor cylinder base 1111, anchor cylinder body 1112, anchor support 1113, top beam 120, bottom beam 130, crossbeam 140, inclined support 150, limit rail 160, horizontal connecting frame 200, protective plate 300, opening and closing assembly 400, drive assembly 410, sliding insert plate 420, valve frame 430, roadway roof 500, roadway floor 600, and scraper conveyor 700. Detailed Implementation

[0030] To facilitate understanding of this application, a more comprehensive description will be provided below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Preferred embodiments of this application are also given. However, this application can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided to enable a more thorough and complete understanding of the disclosure of this application.

[0031] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used herein in the specification of this application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application. The term "and / or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0032] Please refer to Figures 1 to 5 In one specific embodiment, an underground quick-assembly and disassembly type mechanical coal bunker for roadways includes at least a pair of support frames 100, multiple horizontal connecting frames 200, protective plates 300, and opening / closing components 400. The pair of support frames 100 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the roadway. The horizontal connecting frames 200 are horizontally arranged at both ends of the support frames 100 for connecting the pair of support frames 100 and are detachably connected to the support frames 100 to form a frame structure. The protective plates 300 are detachably installed on the inner side of the support frames 100 to form a storage space. A discharge port is formed between the bottoms of the pair of support frames 100. The opening / closing components 400 are detachably installed on the support frames 100 and located at the discharge port. When the opening / closing components 400 are open, they are used for unloading material. When the opening / closing components 400 are closed, they are used to close the discharge port.

[0033] In this embodiment, the length and height of the support frame 100 are determined by those skilled in the art based on the height of the roadway and the amount of material stored, and it is made of a high-strength alloy material. During installation in the roadway, the installers must confirm the installation position. Ideally, the two support frames 100 should be symmetrically positioned relative to the roadway centerline. Symmetrical arrangement ensures balanced stress on the coal bunker structure, preventing structural tilting or instability due to asymmetrical loads. After the support frame 100 is installed, the installers install horizontal connecting frames 200 at the upper and lower ends of the support frame 100 respectively. The two support frames 100 are connected into an integral frame using bolts or quick-release locks. In this embodiment, flanges are used to connect the two. The horizontal connecting frame 200 at the upper end of the support frame 100 can also serve as a support beam for the top of the coal bunker. Three horizontal connecting frames 200 can be installed at the upper end of the support frame 100. The horizontal connecting frame 200 at the lower end of the support frame 100 can be located above or below the discharge port, preferably above, to reinforce the structure and serve as the mounting base for the opening and closing assembly 400. Five horizontal connecting frames 200 can be installed at the lower end of the support frame 100. In this way, two independent support frames 100 can be connected into an integral frame, enhancing the rigidity and integrity of the structure, providing lateral support points for the subsequent installation of the protective plate 300, and distributing the lateral pressure of the material inside the coal bunker on the support frame 100. The frame structure can effectively distribute the load and prevent the support frame 100 from deforming due to excessive stress at a single point. The protective plate 300 can be made of steel plate or high-strength plastic plate and is fixed to the inside of the support frame 100 by slots, hooks, or bolts. For example, during installation, operators insert or hang the protective plates 300 sequentially along the grooves or pre-reserved interfaces on the inner side of the support frame 100 to form a continuous protective surface. During disassembly, each plate can be removed individually for easy transport or replacement of damaged plates. The detachable design facilitates rapid assembly and disassembly underground, adapting to temporary or mobile coal storage needs. The opening and closing assembly 400 can adopt a hydraulically driven or manually operated mechanical gate structure, installed at the discharge port at the bottom of the coal bunker. During unloading, operators open the gate horizontally or downwards via hydraulic control or a handle, allowing material (e.g., coal or gangue) to fall from the discharge port. During storage, the gate is closed, sealing the discharge port, thereby improving unloading efficiency and reducing manual coal handling.

[0034] These features collectively create a mechanical coal bunker for underground roadways that is quick to assemble and disassemble, structurally stable, and easy to control in terms of unloading. The symmetrical support frame 100 and frame structure are suitable for roadways of different lengths; the protective plate 300 and connecting frame design facilitate underground handling and assembly; and the opening and closing assembly 400 enables controlled unloading, improving production efficiency and safety. This design is particularly suitable for underground temporary coal storage, coal gangue turnover, or emergency stockpiling scenarios, combining practicality and economy.

[0035] In one specific embodiment, the support frame 100 includes at least three support columns 110, which are arranged at equal intervals. The horizontal connecting frame 200 is disposed between two corresponding support columns 110 on a pair of support frames 100. A top beam 120 and a bottom beam 130 are disposed between two adjacent support columns 110. Several crossbeams 140 are provided on the bottom beam 130. An inclined bracket 150 is connected between the end of the crossbeam 140 and the top beam 120. The inclined bracket 150 forms a first angle with the plane where the support column 110 is located.

[0036] The inclined support 150, together with the support column 110, the top beam 120, and the bottom beam 130, forms a triangular structure. By adding the inclined support 150 between the bottom beam 130 and the top beam 120, the vertical and horizontal forces acting on the top beam 120 and the protective plate 300 can be converted into axial forces (tension or compression) along the direction of the inclined support 150 and transmitted to the sturdy bottom beam 130 and the support column 110, thereby enhancing the bending resistance in the plane of the support frame 100 and improving the stability of the support frame 100.

[0037] The first angle is 45° to 60°. If the angle is too large, the vertical support effect will be weakened or the discharge port will be too small. If the angle is too small, the horizontal support effect will be weakened.

[0038] Furthermore, a stabilizing seat is provided at the bottom of the support column 110, and a number of herringbone-shaped anti-slip ribs are provided at the bottom of the stabilizing seat in a clockwise direction.

[0039] Preferably, the limiting rail 160 can be a C-shaped or U-shaped channel steel with its open side facing the inside of the coal bunker. The rail is firmly welded to the inside-facing side of the first and last inclined supports 150 and extends vertically. These two rails are located at the leftmost and rightmost ends of the entire support frame 100 plane, respectively, forming the two side boundaries for the installation of the protective plate 300, which can be a rectangular steel plate that can be inserted into the limiting rail 160.

[0040] This embodiment achieves "insertion-type" installation of the protective plate 300, eliminating the need to tighten numerous bolts individually or find complex mating points. Operators only need to perform simple alignment and lowering operations, greatly improving installation speed and achieving the requirement of "quick assembly and disassembly".

[0041] Because it is necessary to assemble mechanical coal bunkers in the roadway, the size of the roadway where the mechanical coal bunkers are installed is increased, which can easily cause the roadway roof 500 to sink and the sidewalls to deform. Furthermore, the top of the support column 110 is provided with a telescopic top support component 111 for supporting the roadway roof 500.

[0042] In one specific embodiment, the top support assembly includes an anchoring cylinder base 1111, an anchoring cylinder body 1112, and an anchoring support 1113. The anchoring cylinder base 1111 is disposed on the support column 110. The anchoring cylinder base 1111 has a limiting hole, the diameter of which is adapted to the bottom diameter of the anchoring cylinder body 1112. The bottom of the anchoring cylinder body 1112 is disposed within the limiting hole. The bottom of the anchoring support 1113 is rotatably connected to the top of the anchoring cylinder body 1112 (e.g., by a ball joint, spherical bearing, etc.). The top of the anchoring support 1113 is parallel to the horizontal plane. The bottom of the anchoring cylinder body 1112 is typically a machined flat cylinder bottom or flange.

[0043] The hydraulic system of the anchoring cylinder 1112 is activated, and the piston rod of the cylinder extends, pushing the anchoring support 1113 at its top upward. When the anchoring support 1113 contacts the roadway roof 500, since the surface of the roadway roof 500 is usually uneven, with inclinations or bumps, the rotatable connection between the bottom of the anchoring support 1113 and the cylinder immediately comes into play. Under the thrust of the cylinder, the anchoring support 1113 automatically undergoes a slight angular deflection, maximizing the contact between its top surface and the uneven roof surface. The cylinder continues to pressurize until the set preload is reached. At this point, the support column 110, through the fully contacted anchoring support 1113, evenly transmits the preload to the roof, and is itself firmly "anchored" between the roof and floor. When it is necessary to move the equipment, the hydraulic system is operated to fully retract the cylinder piston rod, and the anchoring support 1113 detaches from the roof.

[0044] In one specific embodiment, the opening / closing assembly 400 includes a valve frame 430, a sliding insert 420, and a drive assembly 410 (such as a hydraulic cylinder). The valve frame 430 is detachably connected to the end of the crossbeam 140 by bolts. The sliding insert 420 is slidably disposed within the valve frame 430. The drive assembly 410 is used to drive the sliding insert 420 to slide, thereby closing and opening the discharge port. In this embodiment, two valve frames are preferably disposed at the ends of the crossbeam 140 on the left and right sides, respectively, to stably support the sliding insert 420.

[0045] Furthermore, the distance between the bottom end of the support frame 100 and the sliding insert plate 420 is 1 to 1.2 m.

[0046] A method for using a rapid-assembly and disassembly type mechanical coal bunker in underground roadways, as described above, includes the following steps:

[0047] S10. Transport the disassembled components of the roadway mechanical coal bunker to the installation location in the underground roadway;

[0048] S20. Assemble support frames 100 on both sides of the roadway and connect them into a frame through horizontal connecting frames 200;

[0049] S30. Insert the protective plate 300 into the inside of the support frame 100 to form a storage space;

[0050] S40. Install the opening / closing assembly 400 onto the support frame 100;

[0051] S50. Based on the tunnel length and storage requirements, repeat the above steps to assemble multiple warehouse units;

[0052] S60. When loading is required, close the opening and closing component 400 to load the coal or gangue to be stored into the storage space through the opening at the top of the mechanical coal bunker. When unloading is required, open the opening and closing component 400 to discharge the stored coal or gangue through the discharge port.

[0053] Furthermore, it also includes installing a telescopic top support assembly 111 on the support column 110 of the support frame 100, and adjusting the extension length of the top support assembly to support the roadway roof 500.

[0054] Furthermore, step S20 also includes: assembling the support frame 100 on both sides of the feed end of the scraper conveyor 700; when unloading is required, opening the opening and closing assembly 400, and unloading the stored coal or gangue through the discharge port onto the conveyor channel of the scraper conveyor 700, facilitating direct material transport and avoiding retransfer after unloading. The height of the scraper conveyor 700 is generally 80cm.

[0055] Furthermore, the valve frame 430 is fixed to the bottom of the support frame 100 with bolts, and the sliding plate 420 is slidably disposed within the valve frame 430. The drive assembly 410 (such as a hydraulic cylinder) is used to drive the sliding plate 420 to slide, thereby closing and opening the discharge port. For example, during unloading, the operator controls the sliding plate 420 horizontally by hydraulic control or cranking a handle, without obstructing the discharge port, allowing the material (e.g., coal or gangue) to fall from the discharge port. During storage, the operator controls the sliding plate 420 horizontally by hydraulic control or cranking a handle, closing the discharge port, thereby improving unloading efficiency and reducing manual coal removal operations.

[0056] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of various equivalent modifications or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention, and such modifications or substitutions should all be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A rapid-assembly and disassembly type mechanical coal bunker for underground roadways, characterized in that, The system includes at least one pair of support frames, multiple horizontal connecting frames, protective plates, and opening / closing components. The pair of support frames are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the roadway. The horizontal connecting frames are horizontally positioned at both ends of the support frames to connect the pair of support frames and are detachably connected to the support frames to form a frame structure. The protective plates are detachably installed on the inner side of the support frames to enclose a material storage space. A discharge port is formed between the bottoms of the pair of support frames. The opening / closing components are detachably mounted on the support frames and located at the discharge port. When the opening / closing components are open, they are used for unloading material; when the opening / closing components are closed, they are used to seal the discharge port.

2. The underground rapid-assembly and disassembly type mechanical coal bunker for roadways according to claim 1, characterized in that, The support frame includes at least three support columns, which are arranged at equal intervals. The horizontal connecting frame is set between two corresponding support columns on a pair of support frames. A top beam and a bottom beam are set between two adjacent support columns. Several crossbeams are provided on the bottom beam. An inclined bracket is connected between the end of the crossbeam and the top beam. The inclined bracket forms a first angle with the plane where the support column is located.

3. The underground rapid-assembly and disassembly type mechanical coal bunker for roadways according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first and last inclined supports of the support frame along the length direction are provided with limiting rails, and the protective plate is embedded in the limiting rails.

4. The underground rapid-assembly and disassembly type mechanical coal bunker for roadways according to claim 2, characterized in that, The top of the support column is equipped with a retractable top support assembly for supporting the roof of the tunnel.

5. The underground rapid-assembly and disassembly type mechanical coal bunker for roadways according to claim 4, characterized in that, The top support assembly includes an anchoring cylinder base, an anchoring cylinder body, and an anchoring support. The anchoring cylinder base is mounted on the support column and has a limiting hole. The diameter of the limiting hole is adapted to the bottom diameter of the anchoring cylinder body, and the bottom of the anchoring cylinder body is located within the limiting hole. The bottom of the anchoring support is rotatably connected to the top of the anchoring cylinder body, and the top of the anchoring support is parallel to the horizontal plane.

6. The underground rapid-assembly and disassembly type mechanical coal bunker for roadways according to claim 2, characterized in that, The opening and closing assembly includes a valve frame, a sliding plate, and a drive assembly. The valve frame is detachably connected to the end of the crossbar. The sliding plate is slidably disposed within the valve frame. The drive assembly is used to drive the sliding plate to slide and realize the closing and opening of the discharge port.

7. The underground rapid-assembly and disassembly type mechanical coal bunker for roadways according to claim 6, characterized in that, The distance between the bottom end of the support frame and the sliding plate is 1 to 1.2 m.

8. A method of using a rapid-assembly and disassembly type mechanical coal bunker for underground roadways as described in any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S10. Transport the disassembled components of the roadway mechanical coal bunker to the installation location in the underground roadway; S20. Assemble support frames on both sides of the roadway and connect them into a frame using horizontal connecting frames; S30. Install the protective plate inside the support frame to form a storage space; S40. Install the opening and closing assembly onto the support frame; S50. Based on the tunnel length and storage requirements, repeat the above steps to assemble multiple warehouse units; S60. When loading is required, close the opening and closing component to load the coal or gangue to be stored into the storage space through the opening at the top of the mechanical coal bunker. When unloading is required, open the opening and closing component to discharge the stored coal or gangue through the discharge port.

9. The method of using the underground rapid-assembly and disassembly type mechanical coal bunker in roadways according to claim 8, characterized in that, It also includes installing a telescopic top support assembly on the support column of the support frame, and adjusting the extension length of the top support assembly to support the roof of the roadway.

10. The method of using the underground rapid-assembly and disassembly type mechanical coal bunker in roadways according to claim 8, characterized in that, The S20 step further includes: assembling the support frame on both sides of the feed end of the scraper conveyor; when unloading is required, opening and closing components are opened, and the stored coal or gangue is unloaded onto the conveyor channel of the scraper conveyor through the discharge port.

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