Automatic control method for crane grab bucket

Abstract

The invention provides an automatic control method for a grab bucket of a crane, which comprises the following steps of: respectively mounting monitoring cameras on a wellhead, a slag pool and a hoist crane, and respectively monitoring the position of the hoist crane, the material distribution condition in the slag pool and the equipment state of the hoist crane; the hoist crane is connected with the grab bucket through a lifting steel wire rope installed on the fixed pulley, a tension sensor is installed on the lifting steel wire rope, and a limiting switch is installed on the fixed pulley. The hoisting work of the hoist to the grab bucket and the slag grabbing work of the grab bucket are controlled by the PLC; the tension sensor and the limit switch are respectively and electrically connected with the PLC; the PLC is used for judging whether the grab bucket grabs slag or not according to the tension, monitored by the tension sensor, of the lifting steel wire rope, and then the grab bucket is controlled to be lifted after the slag is grabbed. When the limit switch senses that the grab bucket approaches, a signal is sent to the PLC, and the PLC controls the hoist crane to stop lifting the grab bucket. According to the technical scheme, automatic grabbing of the grab bucket is controlled through the PLC, and the slag grabbing work efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of grab bucket technology, and more particularly to an automatic control method for crane grab buckets. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, grab bucket slag handling relies primarily on manual control of the crane by on-site workers using wired operating handles via relays, contactors, and other electrical components. Workers visually judge the crane's position and the grab bucket's raising and lowering to perform the slag grabbing and releasing operations. This manual operation suffers from high labor intensity (workers must maintain a high level of concentration during each grabbing process), poor equipment stability (inadequate observation and operation by personnel can lead to equipment damage), and low work efficiency (12 minutes / time, 40% of daily operating time). With changing production requirements and a significant increase in grabbing volume, the existing manual grab bucket operation methods, characterized by high labor intensity, poor equipment stability, and low work efficiency, will negatively impact production. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of the above-mentioned technical problems of existing manual control methods for crane grabs, such as high labor intensity, poor equipment operation stability, and low work efficiency, an automatic control method for crane grabs is provided.

[0004] The technical means employed in this invention are as follows: An automatic control method for a crane grab bucket, specifically including: Surveillance cameras were installed at the wellhead, slag pit, and hoist crane to monitor the location of the hoist crane, the distribution of materials in the slag pit, and the equipment status of the hoist crane. The hoist crane connects to the grab bucket via a lifting wire rope mounted on a fixed pulley. A tension sensor is installed on the lifting wire rope, and a limit switch is installed on the fixed pulley. A PLC controller controls the hoist crane's lifting and grabbing of the grab bucket. The tension sensor and limit switch are electrically connected to the PLC controller. The PLC controller determines whether the grab bucket has grabbed the slag based on the tension of the lifting wire rope monitored by the tension sensor, and then controls the lifting of the grab bucket after grabbing the slag. The limit switch prevents the grab bucket from lifting beyond its range. When the limit switch senses that the grab bucket is approaching, it sends a signal to the PLC controller, which then controls the hoist crane to stop lifting the grab bucket.

[0005] Furthermore, based on the distribution of slag in the slag pool monitored by the surveillance camera, the position of the hoist is adjusted by the PLC controller, thereby adjusting the slag grabbing position of the grab bucket.

[0006] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: The automatic control method for crane grab bucket provided by this invention monitors the grab bucket and hoist in real time by installing a monitoring camera, and controls the automatic grab bucket grabbing by a PLC controller, thereby improving the efficiency of slag grabbing, reducing the risk of equipment failure due to operational errors, and realizing functions such as remote automatic cyclic grabbing of materials, replacing on-site manual operation, and ensuring the safety, reliability, stability and effectiveness of system operation. Detailed Implementation

[0007] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are described clearly and completely below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative and is in no way intended to limit the present invention or its application or use. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0008] Example 1 This invention provides an automatic control method for a crane grab bucket, specifically including: Surveillance cameras were installed at the wellhead, slag pit, and hoist crane to monitor the location of the hoist crane, the distribution of materials in the slag pit, and the equipment status of the hoist crane. The hoist crane connects to the grab bucket via a lifting wire rope mounted on a fixed pulley. A tension sensor is installed on the lifting wire rope, and a limit switch is installed on the fixed pulley. A PLC controller controls the hoist crane's lifting and grabbing of the grab bucket. The tension sensor and limit switch are electrically connected to the PLC controller. The PLC controller uses the tension of the lifting wire rope monitored by the tension sensor to determine whether the grab bucket has grabbed the slag, and then controls the lifting of the grab bucket after slag grabbing. The limit switch prevents the grab bucket from lifting beyond its range. When the limit switch senses the grab bucket approaching, it sends a signal to the PLC controller, which then controls the hoist crane to stop lifting the grab bucket, thus providing protection during the lifting process.

[0009] Furthermore, based on the distribution of slag in the slag pool monitored by the surveillance camera, the position of the hoist is adjusted by the PLC controller, thereby adjusting the slag grabbing position of the grab bucket to avoid malfunctions caused by the grab bucket's accidental movement.

[0010] Furthermore, different load weights and the length of the hoisting wire rope will affect the dynamic characteristics. The accuracy of the hoisting wire rope reflects the stability of the load. Controlling the accuracy of the hoisting wire rope to ≤2mm and monitoring the accuracy of the hoisting wire rope through a tension sensor can ensure the elasticity of the hoisting wire rope during hoisting and the changes in load. Timely adjustment of the tension of the hoisting wire rope can avoid positioning deviations caused by slack.

[0011] Furthermore, the PLC controller is a Siemens S7300 PLC controller.

[0012] The automatic control method for crane grab buckets described in this invention replaces the existing manual operation of slag grabbing hoists with PLC automatic control. By installing monitoring cameras to monitor the grab bucket and hoist in real time, and controlling the automatic grabbing of the grab bucket through the PLC controller, the efficiency of slag grabbing is improved, the risk of equipment failure due to operational errors is reduced, and functions such as remote automatic cyclic grabbing of materials are realized. It replaces on-site manual operation and ensures the safety, reliability, stability, and effectiveness of system operation.

[0013] The automatic control method for crane grab buckets described in this invention can realize automated operation and intelligent management of slag grabbing, improve slag grabbing efficiency by 20%, reduce the labor intensity of on-site personnel by 50%, and save human resources. The automatic slag grabbing operation of the vortex well can reduce the number of on-site personnel by 4, and reduce personnel costs by an estimated 600,000 yuan / year.

[0014] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automatic control method for a crane grab bucket, characterized in that, Specifically, it includes: Surveillance cameras were installed at the wellhead, slag pit, and hoist crane to monitor the location of the hoist crane, the distribution of materials in the slag pit, and the equipment status of the hoist crane. The hoist crane connects to the grab bucket via a lifting wire rope mounted on a fixed pulley. A tension sensor is installed on the lifting wire rope, and a limit switch is installed on the fixed pulley. The hoist crane controls the lifting of the grab bucket and the grab bucket's slag-grabbing operation via a PLC controller. The tension sensor and limit switch are electrically connected to the PLC controller. The PLC controller is used to determine whether the grab bucket has grabbed the slag based on the tension of the hoisting wire rope monitored by the tension sensor, and then control the lifting of the grab bucket after grabbing the slag; the limit switch is used to prevent the grab bucket from lifting beyond the range. When the limit switch senses that the grab bucket is approaching, it sends a signal to the PLC controller, and the PLC controller controls the hoist to stop lifting the grab bucket.

2. The automatic control method for crane grab bucket according to claim 1, characterized in that, Based on the distribution of slag in the slag pit monitored by the surveillance camera, the position of the hoist is adjusted by the PLC controller, which in turn adjusts the slag grabbing position of the grab bucket.