Ship lock cantilever creeping formwork construction method

Abstract

The ship lock cantilever creeping formwork construction method comprises the steps that S1, construction preparation is conducted, ship lock structure design parameters are determined, and a creeping formwork construction platform is built; s2, a creeping formwork system is assembled, a maintenance system and the like are assembled to form the integrated creeping formwork system, the maintenance system comprises a spraying assembly and a humidity detection assembly, the spraying assembly comprises a plurality of nozzles distributed in an array mode, the humidity detection assembly comprises moisture absorption pipes distributed in an array mode, and humidity detectors are arranged in the moisture absorption pipes; s3, reference section construction is conducted, specifically, a reference section steel reinforcement framework is bound, forming supporting is conducted through a formwork unit of the creeping formwork system, and concrete is poured and cured to the design strength; s4, cantilever section circulating construction is conducted, in the maintenance process, spraying is conducted through sprayers distributed in an array mode, and the spraying mode of the sprayers is adjusted according to the humidity distribution condition; s5, climbing of the creeping formwork; and S6, the steps S4-S5 are repeated till all structural construction is completed. Compared with the prior art, the construction quality can be effectively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of lock technology, and in particular to a method for constructing a cantilever climbing formwork for locks. Background Technology

[0002] As a core infrastructure of waterway transportation hubs, the lock chamber walls and lock heads of ship locks directly determine the navigation capacity and structural safety of the locks. These structures typically involve high-altitude operations, complex stress conditions, and high precision requirements. Traditional construction methods often rely on climbing formwork technology for high-altitude concrete pouring and shaping. Currently, existing climbing formwork construction methods for ship locks often employ a decentralized assembly approach using components such as guide rails, templates, and drive devices, resulting in insufficient stability in the connections between these components. Furthermore, the concrete curing process in existing climbing formwork construction often relies on manual spraying or fixed spraying devices. Manual spraying is limited by the high-altitude working environment, making it difficult to achieve comprehensive and uniform coverage of the concrete surface, and its curing efficiency is low. Fixed spraying devices cannot dynamically adjust the spray volume according to changes in the humidity of the concrete surface. Especially in ship lock construction sites, where wind speed and direction frequently change, localized areas of the concrete can become excessively dry or excessively wet. Excessive dryness can cause early drying shrinkage cracks in the concrete, affecting structural strength and durability; excessive wetness can lead to surface sanding and cement paste segregation, further reducing the quality of the structure. Furthermore, existing curing processes lack effective humidity detection and feedback mechanisms, relying mostly on single-point humidity testing or manual observation to determine humidity levels. This fails to accurately capture the overall humidity distribution on the concrete surface, hindering precise adjustments to the spraying method and resulting in significant discrepancies between curing effects and expectations. In summary, existing cantilever climbing formwork construction methods for ship locks have significant deficiencies in terms of the integrity of the climbing formwork system, the intelligence and precision of curing, and the stability of construction quality. They cannot meet the high requirements of modern ship lock cantilever structures for construction safety, precision, and quality. Therefore, there is an urgent need for an integrated, intelligent climbing formwork construction method that can guarantee construction quality. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a method for constructing a cantilever climbing formwork for ship locks, which can effectively improve the construction quality.

[0004] The above-mentioned technical objective of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solution: A method for constructing a cantilever climbing formwork for a ship lock includes the following steps: S1. Construction preparation: Determine the structural design parameters of the lock and build the climbing formwork construction platform. S2: Climbing formwork system assembly, which integrates guide rails, formwork units, cantilever support frames, hydraulic drive devices, maintenance systems and fall protection mechanisms into an integrated climbing formwork system. The climbing formwork system is reliably connected to the existing foundation section of the lock. The maintenance system includes a spray assembly and a humidity detection assembly, which are installed on the cantilever support frame. The spray assembly includes multiple nozzles arranged in an array, and the humidity detection assembly includes a moisture absorption pipe arranged in an array. Each nozzle corresponds to at least one moisture absorption pipe, and a humidity detector is installed in the moisture absorption pipe. S3: Construction of the benchmark section, binding the steel reinforcement cage of the benchmark section, forming and supporting it through the formwork unit of the climbing formwork system, pouring concrete and curing it to the design strength. S4: The cantilever section is constructed in a cyclical manner, and the next section of the cantilever structure is constructed in sequence, including steel reinforcement binding, formwork unit adjustment and positioning, concrete layer pouring and curing. During the curing process, an array of sprinklers is used for spraying, and a moisture absorption pipe is used to absorb the moisture passing through the concrete surface. A humidity detector is used to detect the humidity, and the humidity data is transmitted to the controller. The controller obtains the humidity distribution based on the humidity data and adjusts the spraying mode of the sprinklers accordingly. S5: Climbing formwork. After the concrete strength of the current section reaches the demolding requirement, the climbing formwork system is driven by the hydraulic drive device to climb synchronously along the guide rail to the next construction height and lock the anti-fall mechanism. S6: Repeat steps S4-S5 until all structural construction is completed.

[0005] In a preferred embodiment, the process of adjusting the spray pattern of the nozzles according to the humidity includes: the controller determines the regions where the humidity exceeds a first preset threshold and the regions where the humidity is below a second preset threshold based on the humidity data. The regions where the humidity exceeds the first preset threshold are defined as over-flow regions, and the flow rate of the nozzles in these regions is reduced. The regions where the humidity is slightly below the second preset threshold are defined as under-flow regions, and the flow rate of the nozzles in these regions is increased.

[0006] In a preferred embodiment, after reducing the flow rate, if the humidity in the excess area does not fall below a first preset threshold within a first preset time period, the flow rate of the nozzles surrounding the excess area is cyclically adjusted. During the cyclic adjustment, nozzles that cause changes in humidity within the excess area are marked, and the flow rate of the marked nozzles is reduced. After increasing the flow rate, if the humidity in the excess area does not exceed a second preset threshold within a second preset time period, the flow rate of the nozzles surrounding the excess area is cyclically adjusted. During the cyclic adjustment, nozzles that cause changes in humidity within the excess area are marked, and the flow rate of the marked nozzles is increased.

[0007] In a preferred embodiment, the construction preparation in step S1 further includes: leveling the top surface of the lock foundation section, setting positioning reference piles, and performing three-dimensional coordinate layout using a total station, with a positioning deviation of ≤5mm.

[0008] In a preferred embodiment, in step S4, the concrete is poured in layers with a thickness of 250-350mm. During the pouring process, an immersion vibrator is used for compaction with a compaction interval of ≤500mm and a distance of ≥100mm between the vibrator and the formwork unit.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment, in step S5, the synchronous climbing accuracy of the climbing system is ≤3mm, the climbing speed is controlled at 0.5-1.0m / h, and the climbing height difference of each guide rail is monitored in real time by a laser rangefinder during the climbing process.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment, in step S4, the template unit adopts a modular design, and an elastic sealing gasket is set at the template joint. The compression amount of the sealing gasket is 3-5mm to prevent concrete leakage.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment, during the construction of the cantilever section, stress monitoring sensors are installed on the cantilever support frame to monitor the stress changes of the main load-bearing beam in real time. When the stress value exceeds 80% of the design limit, an early warning is activated and construction is stopped.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment, the concrete curing in step S4 is carried out by spray curing, with a curing time of ≥14 days and a temperature difference of ≤25℃ between the concrete surface and the ambient temperature during the curing period.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment, the template unit is made of high-strength steel template or aluminum alloy template, and the surface flatness of the template is ≤2mm / m.

[0014] Compared with existing technologies, this invention, through the synergistic cooperation of various technical features in the above-mentioned cantilever climbing formwork construction method for ship locks, can achieve comprehensive technical effects from multiple dimensions, including construction foundation assurance, system stability, structural quality control, improved work efficiency, and environmental safety, as detailed below: During the construction preparation phase (S1), the structural design parameters of the lock are clearly defined, providing precise technical basis for the dimensional adaptation of the subsequent climbing formwork system assembly and the component layout of the maintenance system (such as the array spacing of the nozzles and the dehumidifying pipes), avoiding construction deviations caused by ambiguous parameters. The climbing formwork construction platform creates a stable operating space for high-altitude cantilever operations, ensuring the safety of construction personnel and providing a flat working surface for the installation and commissioning of various components of the climbing formwork system (including the spray components and humidity detection components of the maintenance system), preventing the platform from shaking and causing misalignment of maintenance components, ensuring the positional accuracy of subsequent spraying and humidity detection, and laying a solid foundation for the entire construction process.

[0015] The climbing formwork system assembly phase (S2) integrates the guide rails, formwork units, cantilever support frames, hydraulic drive devices, curing systems, and fall protection mechanisms into a single structure, significantly improving the overall rigidity and stability of the system and avoiding loosening and displacement issues that can easily occur when components are scattered and connected. Its reliable connection to the already constructed foundation section further strengthens the synergistic force-bearing between the climbing formwork system and the main structure of the lock, effectively resisting external forces such as wind loads during high-altitude operations and preventing the climbing formwork system from overturning. The spraying and humidity detection components of the curing system are deployed using the cantilever support frames, eliminating the cumbersome process of separately installing curing equipment. The stability of the support frames ensures the array layout accuracy of "at least one moisture-absorbing pipe per nozzle," preventing displacement of curing components due to wind speed changes and ensuring the continuous effectiveness of spraying and detection functions. Together with the hydraulic drive device and fall protection mechanisms, it forms an integrated operation system of "construction operation - safety protection - concrete curing," reducing gaps in the connection between various links.

[0016] During the construction of the reference section (S3), the binding of the steel reinforcement cage ensures the compliance of the reinforcement of the reference section structure. The forming support of the formwork unit provides a regular space for concrete pouring and ensures the dimensional accuracy of the reference section. After pouring, continuous curing is achieved through the curing system, avoiding the problems of missed curing and uneven humidity that are easy to occur in traditional manual curing. This ensures that the concrete of the reference section is cured to the design strength, forming a stable load-bearing foundation, providing reliable support for the subsequent cantilever section construction, and preventing the overall structure from deforming due to insufficient strength of the reference section. This ensures the load-bearing safety of the lock cantilever structure from the source.

[0017] The cantilever section cyclic construction (S4) adopts a standardized process of "rebar tying - formwork adjustment and positioning - concrete layer pouring - curing" to reduce the connection loss between each process and improve construction efficiency; the formwork unit adjustment and positioning can be accurately calibrated according to the design requirements of each cantilever structure to ensure the consistency of the geometric dimensions of each structure; the layered concrete pouring avoids problems such as uneven internal heat dissipation and cracks caused by excessive thickness in one pour, and improves the density of concrete. In this process, the curing system plays a core optimization role: the array of nozzles achieves all-round spray coverage of the concrete surface, reducing the risk of local missed spraying; the moisture absorption pipes are close to the concrete surface to absorb volatile moisture, effectively eliminating the interference of wind speed and wind direction changes on humidity detection, so that the humidity data obtained by the humidity detector is closer to the actual curing state of the concrete; the controller generates humidity distribution based on humidity data, and reduces the nozzle flow rate in areas with excessive moisture and increases the nozzle flow rate in areas with insufficient moisture, accurately compensating for the defects of wind-induced uneven spraying, ensuring that all areas of the concrete are always in a suitable humidity environment, significantly reducing quality problems such as insufficient strength development caused by local over-drying or surface sanding and cracking caused by local over-wetting, and greatly improving the curing quality and structural forming effect of the cantilever section concrete.

[0018] During the climbing formwork lifting stage (S5), the hydraulic drive unit propels the climbing formwork system to climb synchronously along the guide rails, preventing formwork deformation and guide rail damage caused by uneven local stress, and ensuring a smooth and controllable climbing process. The timely locking of the anti-fall mechanism is designed for high-altitude operations, effectively preventing the risk of climbing formwork falls due to sudden situations such as hydraulic system failures, ensuring construction safety. Simultaneously, the synchronous climbing design ensures that the curing system's nozzles and desiccant arrays are always precisely aligned with the concrete surface, eliminating the need to readjust the curing components, preventing water loss from the concrete surface due to curing interruptions, reducing quality fluctuations, and ensuring curing continuity.

[0019] By repeating steps S4-S5 to complete all structural construction (S6), a continuous and standardized construction mode is formed, ensuring uniformity in construction technology and quality standards for each section of the cantilever structure. This avoids quality differences caused by interruptions in the process and improves the overall structural consistency of the lock. The continuous construction process also shortens the total construction period and reduces the adverse effects of external weather changes (such as rain and strong winds) on construction. In addition, the moisture absorption design of the moisture-absorbing pipes in the maintenance system enables the recycling of spray water while detecting humidity, reducing water consumption and lowering construction costs. The recycled water can be further optimized for use, which is in line with the concept of green construction. It also prevents excess water from forming water mist on the construction site, improves visibility in the working environment, reduces the corrosion of hydraulic drive devices, fall protection mechanisms, and other equipment in the climbing formwork system by water mist, extends the service life of the equipment, and reduces the risk of muddy ground caused by water mist, improving construction safety and achieving a synergistic improvement in construction quality, efficiency, safety, and environmental benefits. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This invention relates to an elevation view of the climbing frame used in a cantilever climbing formwork construction method for a ship lock.

[0021] Figure 2 This is a side view of the climbing frame used in a cantilever climbing formwork construction method for a ship lock, which is related to the present invention. In the picture

[0022] 1. Guide rail; 2. Template unit; 3. Cantilever support frame; 4. Sprayer head; 5. Desiccant pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0024] This specific embodiment is merely an explanation of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. After reading this specification, those skilled in the art can make modifications to this embodiment without contributing any inventive step, but such modifications are protected by patent law as long as they are within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

[0025] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, a method for constructing a cantilever climbing formwork for a ship lock includes the following steps: S1. Construction preparation: Determine the structural design parameters of the lock and build the climbing formwork construction platform. S2: Climbing formwork system assembly, which assembles guide rail 1, formwork unit 2, cantilever support frame 3, hydraulic drive device, maintenance system and anti-fall mechanism into an integrated climbing formwork system. The climbing formwork system is reliably connected to the existing foundation section of the lock. The maintenance system includes a spray assembly and a humidity detection assembly. The spray assembly and humidity detection assembly are set on the cantilever support frame 3. The spray assembly includes multiple nozzles 4 arranged in an array. The humidity detection assembly includes a moisture absorption pipe 5 arranged in an array. Each nozzle 4 corresponds to at least one moisture absorption pipe 5. A humidity detector is installed in the moisture absorption pipe 5. S3: Construction of the benchmark section, binding the steel reinforcement cage of the benchmark section, forming and supporting it through the formwork unit 2 of the climbing formwork system, pouring concrete and curing it to the design strength. S4: The cantilever section is constructed in a cyclical manner, and the next section of the cantilever structure is constructed in sequence, including the binding of the reinforcing bars, the adjustment and positioning of the formwork unit 2, the layered pouring of concrete and curing. During the curing process, the array of nozzles 4 is used for spraying, the moisture absorption pipe 5 is used to absorb the moisture passing through the concrete surface, and the humidity is detected by a humidity detector. The humidity detector transmits the humidity data to the controller. The controller obtains the humidity distribution based on the humidity data and adjusts the spraying mode of the nozzles 4 according to the humidity distribution. S5: Climbing formwork. After the concrete strength of the current section reaches the demolding requirement, the climbing formwork system is driven by the hydraulic drive device to climb synchronously along guide rail 1 to the next construction height and lock the anti-fall mechanism. S6: Repeat steps S4-S5 until all structural construction is completed.

[0026] This embodiment of a cantilever climbing formwork construction method for ship locks can achieve comprehensive technical effects from multiple dimensions, including construction foundation protection, system stability, structural quality control, improved work efficiency, and environmental safety, as detailed below: During the construction preparation phase (S1), the structural design parameters of the lock are clearly defined, providing precise technical basis for the subsequent dimensional adaptation of the climbing formwork system assembly and the component layout of the maintenance system (such as the array spacing of nozzle 4 and moisture absorption pipe 5), avoiding construction deviations caused by ambiguous parameters. The climbing formwork construction platform creates a stable operating space for high-altitude cantilever operations, ensuring the safety of construction personnel and providing a flat working surface for the installation and commissioning of various components of the climbing formwork system (including the spray components and humidity detection components of the maintenance system), preventing the platform from shaking and causing misalignment of maintenance components, ensuring the positional accuracy of subsequent spraying and humidity detection, and laying a solid foundation for the entire construction process.

[0027] In the climbing formwork system assembly phase (S2), the guide rail 1, formwork unit 2, cantilever support frame 3, hydraulic drive device, curing system, and fall protection mechanism are integrated into a single structure, significantly improving the overall rigidity and stability of the system and avoiding loosening and displacement problems that are prone to occur when components are scattered and connected. Its reliable connection with the already constructed foundation section further strengthens the synergistic force-bearing between the climbing formwork system and the main structure of the lock, effectively resisting external forces such as wind loads during high-altitude operations and preventing the climbing formwork system from overturning. Among them, the spraying components and humidity detection components of the curing system are deployed on the cantilever support frame 3, which not only eliminates the cumbersome process of separately setting up curing equipment, but also ensures the stability of the array layout by relying on the stability of the support frame, avoiding displacement of curing components caused by changes in wind speed, and ensuring the continuous effectiveness of spraying and detection functions. Together with the hydraulic drive device and fall protection mechanism, it forms an integrated operation system of "construction operation - safety protection - concrete curing", reducing loopholes in the connection between various links.

[0028] During the construction of the reference section (S3), the binding of the steel reinforcement cage ensures that the reinforcement of the reference section structure is compliant. The forming support of formwork unit 2 provides a regular space for concrete pouring and ensures the dimensional accuracy of the reference section. After pouring, continuous curing is achieved through a curing system, avoiding the problems of missed curing and uneven humidity that are easy to occur in traditional manual curing. This ensures that the concrete of the reference section is cured to the design strength, forming a stable load-bearing foundation, providing reliable support for the subsequent cantilever section construction, and preventing the overall structure from deforming due to insufficient strength of the reference section. This ensures the load-bearing safety of the lock cantilever structure from the source.

[0029] The cantilever section cyclic construction (S4) adopts a standardized process of "rebar tying - formwork adjustment and positioning - concrete layer pouring - curing" to reduce the connection loss between each process and improve construction efficiency; the formwork unit 2 adjustment and positioning can be accurately calibrated according to the design requirements of each cantilever structure to ensure the consistency of the geometric dimensions of each structure; the concrete layer pouring avoids problems such as uneven internal heat dissipation and cracks caused by excessive thickness in one pour, and improves the density of concrete. During this process, the curing system plays a core optimization role: the array of nozzles 4 achieves all-round spray coverage of the concrete surface, reducing the risk of local missed spraying; the moisture absorption pipe 5 is close to the concrete surface to absorb volatile moisture, effectively eliminating the interference of wind speed and wind direction changes on humidity detection, so that the humidity data obtained by the humidity detector is closer to the actual curing state of the concrete; the controller generates humidity distribution based on humidity data, and reduces the flow rate of nozzles 4 in areas with excessive moisture and increases the flow rate of nozzles 4 in areas with insufficient moisture, accurately making up for the defects of wind-induced uneven spraying, ensuring that all areas of the concrete are always in a suitable humidity environment, significantly reducing quality problems such as insufficient strength development caused by local over-drying or surface sanding and cracking caused by local over-wetness, and greatly improving the curing quality and structural forming effect of the cantilever section concrete.

[0030] During the climbing formwork lifting stage (S5), the hydraulic drive device drives the climbing formwork system to climb synchronously along guide rail 1, avoiding deformation of the formwork and damage to guide rail 1 caused by uneven local stress, ensuring a smooth and controllable climbing process. The timely locking of the anti-fall mechanism is designed for high-altitude operations, effectively preventing the risk of climbing formwork falls caused by sudden situations such as hydraulic system failures, ensuring construction safety. At the same time, the synchronous climbing design ensures that the nozzles 4 and the desiccant 5 array of the curing system are always precisely aligned with the concrete construction surface, eliminating the need to readjust the positions of curing components, avoiding water loss from the concrete surface due to curing interruptions, reducing quality fluctuations, and ensuring curing continuity.

[0031] By repeating steps S4-S5 to complete all structural construction (S6), a continuous and standardized construction mode is formed, ensuring uniformity in construction technology and quality standards for each section of the cantilever structure. This avoids quality differences caused by interruptions in the process and improves the overall structural consistency of the lock. Furthermore, the moisture absorption design of the moisture-absorbing pipe 5 in the maintenance system allows for the simultaneous detection of humidity and recovery of sprayed water, reducing water consumption and construction costs. The recovered water can be further optimized for utilization, aligning with green construction principles. It also prevents excess water from creating a mist on the construction site, improving visibility and reducing the corrosion of hydraulic drive devices and fall arrest mechanisms in the climbing formwork system, extending equipment lifespan. Simultaneously, it reduces the risk of muddy ground caused by water mist, improving construction safety and achieving a synergistic improvement in construction quality, efficiency, safety, and environmental benefits.

[0032] In this embodiment, the humidity detector and the controller are electrically connected, the nozzle 4 is connected to the spray water pump, and the moisture absorption pipe 5 is connected to the water absorption fan to achieve water absorption.

[0033] In this embodiment, the nozzle 4 and the moisture absorption pipe 5 are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence. The moisture absorption pipe 5 is arranged to the side of the nozzle 4 at a spacing of 10-20cm to absorb the splash water and moisture generated after the nozzle 4 sprays onto the concrete surface. The end of the moisture absorption pipe 5 is arranged 3-5cm away from the concrete surface.

[0034] One nozzle 4 can also correspond to multiple moisture absorption tubes 5, with the multiple moisture absorption tubes 5 surrounding the nozzle 4 to achieve full absorption of moisture.

[0035] Furthermore, the process of adjusting the spraying mode of the nozzle 4 according to the humidity conditions includes: the controller determines the area where the humidity exceeds the first preset threshold and the area where the humidity is lower than the second preset threshold based on the humidity data. The area where the humidity exceeds the first preset threshold is defined as the over-flow area, and the flow rate of the nozzle 4 in the area is reduced. The area where the humidity is moderately lower than the second preset threshold is defined as the under-flow area, and the flow rate of the nozzle 4 in the area is increased.

[0036] With the controller dynamically adjusting the spraying mode of nozzle 4 based on humidity data, a precise and adaptive spraying control mechanism can be formed for the curing of concrete in the cantilever section of the lock. Firstly, by transmitting humidity data from the array of moisture-absorbing tubes 5 via a humidity detector, the controller can accurately identify areas of excessive humidity on the concrete surface that exceed the first preset threshold and areas of insufficient humidity that fall below the second preset threshold. This enables precise judgment of the humidity distribution during curing, avoiding the "one-size-fits-all" approach that can lead to localized over-wetting or under-wetting in traditional fixed spraying methods. This is especially suitable for the complex environment of lock construction sites with high wind speeds and frequent wind direction changes. When wind-induced moisture accumulates to form an area of ​​excessive humidity, the controller promptly reduces the flow rate of the nozzles 4 in that area, preventing the concrete surface from sanding or cracking due to excessive moisture, or from having its strength development affected by excessive internal moisture content. When wind-induced moisture loss forms an area of ​​insufficient humidity, the controller simultaneously increases the flow rate of the nozzles 4 in that area, specifically replenishing the moisture evaporated from the concrete surface. This prevents early drying shrinkage and cracking of the concrete due to insufficient humidity, or insufficient strength due to inadequate hydration reaction, effectively compensating for the interference of wind conditions on the uniformity of spraying.

[0037] Secondly, this "identification-adjustment" closed-loop control mechanism can achieve dynamic balance of concrete surface humidity, ensuring that all areas of the cantilever concrete are always within the appropriate curing humidity range, thereby guaranteeing the uniformity of concrete strength development—avoiding strength gradients caused by local humidity differences, preventing stress concentration caused by local weakness in the cantilever structure under load, and improving the overall load-bearing safety and durability of the lock cantilever structure. Simultaneously, precise flow adjustment can reduce ineffective water consumption: reducing flow in areas with excess water avoids waste, while increasing flow as needed in areas with insufficient water ensures that water is used where it is most needed. Compared to traditional constant-flow spraying, this method not only meets curing requirements but also significantly reduces construction water consumption, aligning with green construction principles and reducing water costs.

[0038] In addition, this adjustment mechanism can improve the adaptability and intelligence of the maintenance system, eliminating the need for frequent manual intervention to adjust the four parameters of the nozzles, reducing the risk of manual operation in high-altitude work, avoiding maintenance errors caused by human judgment bias, and improving maintenance efficiency and reliability; and the uniform spraying effect can reduce the color difference and flatness defects on the concrete surface caused by uneven maintenance, improve the appearance quality of the lock cantilever structure, and reduce the cost of later repairs.

[0039] The first preset threshold is set to 90%-95% relative humidity, and the second preset threshold is set to 80%-95% relative humidity. In this embodiment, the first preset threshold is set to 95% relative humidity, and the second preset threshold is set to 80% relative humidity.

[0040] The flow rate can be increased or decreased according to the actual situation. For example, the flow rate can be set into several levels, and the flow rate can be controlled by adjusting the level.

[0041] Furthermore, after reducing the flow rate, if the humidity in the excess area does not fall below the first preset threshold within a first preset time period, the flow rate of the nozzles 4 surrounding the excess area is cyclically adjusted. During the cyclic adjustment process, the nozzles 4 that cause changes in humidity within the excess area are marked, and the flow rate of the marked nozzles 4 is reduced. After increasing the flow rate, if the humidity in the excess area does not fall above the second preset threshold within a second preset time period, the flow rate of the nozzles 4 surrounding the excess area is cyclically adjusted. During the cyclic adjustment process, the nozzles 4 that cause changes in humidity within the excess area are marked, and the flow rate of the marked nozzles 4 is increased.

[0042] When the flow rate of the over-flow area's own nozzle 4 decreases, if the humidity does not fall below the first preset threshold within the first preset time, or if the humidity of the under-flow area's own nozzle 4 increases the flow rate within the second preset time, the problem of single-area adjustment failure can be accurately solved by cyclically adjusting the flow rate of surrounding nozzles 4 and marking the affected nozzles 4 for targeted control. This avoids blindly adjusting all surrounding nozzles 4, which could lead to new humidity imbalances. Control is only applied to nozzles 4 that actually affect the humidity of the target area, ensuring precise adjustment. Simultaneously, it adapts to the changing wind speed and direction at the lock construction site, dynamically capturing changes in the affected nozzles 4 to prevent environmental interference from causing adjustment failure. It also reduces ineffective adjustment operations and water waste, quickly bringing the target area's humidity to the standard, preventing quality problems caused by prolonged exposure to unsuitable humidity in concrete, and ensuring curing effectiveness.

[0043] In this embodiment, both the first preset time and the second preset time are set to 5 minutes.

[0044] Furthermore, the construction preparation in step S1 also includes: leveling the top surface of the lock foundation section, setting positioning reference piles, and performing three-dimensional coordinate layout using a total station, with a positioning deviation ≤5mm. Leveling the top surface of the lock foundation section can prevent the subsequent climbing formwork system from tilting due to uneven foundation; setting positioning reference piles and performing three-dimensional coordinate layout using a total station (deviation ≤5mm) can accurately locate the construction reference, ensuring that the climbing formwork system is aligned with the lock structure, laying the foundation for the accuracy of subsequent processes and preventing structural dimensional deviations.

[0045] Furthermore, the concrete is poured in layers with a thickness of 250-350mm. During the pouring process, an immersion vibrator is used for compaction, with a vibration interval of ≤500mm and a distance of ≥100mm between the vibrator and formwork unit 2. The 250-350mm thickness of the concrete layers avoids incomplete compaction due to excessive thickness; the ≤500mm interval of the immersion vibrator ensures the concrete is dense and free of voids; and the ≥100mm distance from the formwork prevents damage to the formwork or leakage during vibration, comprehensively guaranteeing the strength and forming quality of the concrete structure and reducing internal defects.

[0046] Furthermore, the synchronous climbing accuracy of the climbing formwork system is ≤3mm, and the climbing speed is controlled between 0.5-1.0m / h. During the climbing process, the climbing height difference of each guide rail 1 is monitored in real time using a laser rangefinder. The synchronous climbing accuracy of the climbing formwork system is ≤3mm, which can avoid misalignment of the formwork or structural deformation due to climbing deviation; the climbing speed of 0.5-1.0m / h balances construction efficiency and climbing stability; the laser rangefinder monitors the height difference of the guide rail 1 in real time, which can correct deviations in time, ensure the stability of the climbing process, ensure the construction accuracy of the cantilever structure, and reduce safety hazards.

[0047] Furthermore, in step S4, template unit 2 adopts a modular design, with elastic sealing gaskets installed at the template joints. The compression of the sealing gaskets is 3-5mm to prevent concrete leakage. The modular design of template unit 2 facilitates rapid assembly and adjustment, adapts to different construction dimensions of the cantilever section, and improves process efficiency. The elastic sealing gaskets with a compression of 3-5mm at the joints can tightly fit the template, effectively blocking concrete leakage, avoiding surface defects such as honeycomb and pitting, and ensuring structural density and appearance quality.

[0048] Furthermore, during the construction of the cantilever section, stress monitoring sensors are installed on the cantilever support frame 3 to monitor the stress changes of the main load-bearing beam in real time. When the stress value exceeds 80% of the design limit, an early warning is triggered and construction is stopped. Installing stress monitoring sensors on the cantilever support frame 3 allows for real-time monitoring of stress changes in the main load-bearing beam; when the stress exceeds 80% of the design limit, an early warning is issued and work is halted, effectively mitigating the risk of support frame deformation and collapse caused by excessive stress, ensuring the safety of high-altitude cantilever operations, and preventing structural damage.

[0049] Furthermore, in step S4, the concrete curing adopts spray curing, with a curing time of ≥14 days, and the temperature difference between the concrete surface and the ambient temperature during the curing period is ≤25℃. Spray curing can continuously moisturize the concrete, and combined with a curing time of ≥14 days, it can ensure sufficient cement hydration, helping to improve the strength and durability of the cantilever section concrete; the temperature difference during the curing period of ≤25℃ can avoid cracks caused by temperature stress.

[0050] Furthermore, the template unit 2 adopts high-strength steel template or aluminum alloy template, and the surface flatness of the template is ≤2mm / m. The template unit is made of high-strength steel or aluminum alloy, which has high strength and strong resistance to deformation, and can adapt to the stress requirements of cantilever construction, reducing the impact of template deformation on structural accuracy; the surface flatness is ≤2mm / m, which can ensure that the surface is regular after concrete pouring, avoiding defects such as unevenness and misalignment, eliminating the need for a lot of later repairs, and improving the appearance and forming quality of the lock cantilever structure.

[0051] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or terminal device that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or terminal device. Unless otherwise specified, an element defined by the phrase "comprising..." or "including..." does not exclude the presence of additional elements in the process, method, article, or terminal device that includes said element. Additionally, in this document, "greater than," "less than," "exceeding," etc., are understood to exclude the stated number; "above," "below," "within," etc., are understood to include the stated number.

[0052] The above description of the embodiments is provided to facilitate understanding and use of the present invention by those skilled in the art. It is obvious to those skilled in the art that various modifications can be easily made to the embodiments, and the general principles described herein can be applied to other embodiments without creative effort. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Improvements and modifications made by those skilled in the art based on the disclosure of the present invention without departing from the scope of the present invention should be within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for constructing a cantilever climbing formwork for a ship lock, characterized in that, Including the following steps: S1. Construction preparation: Determine the structural design parameters of the lock and build the climbing formwork construction platform. S2: Climbing formwork system assembly, which integrates guide rails, formwork units, cantilever support frames, hydraulic drive devices, maintenance systems and fall protection mechanisms into an integrated climbing formwork system. The climbing formwork system is reliably connected to the existing foundation section of the lock. The maintenance system includes a spray assembly and a humidity detection assembly, which are installed on the cantilever support frame. The spray assembly includes multiple nozzles arranged in an array, and the humidity detection assembly includes a moisture absorption pipe arranged in an array. Each nozzle corresponds to at least one moisture absorption pipe, and a humidity detector is installed in the moisture absorption pipe. S3: Construction of the benchmark section, binding the steel reinforcement cage of the benchmark section, forming and supporting it through the formwork unit of the climbing formwork system, pouring concrete and curing it to the design strength. S4: The cantilever section is constructed in a cyclical manner, and the next section of the cantilever structure is constructed in sequence, including steel reinforcement binding, formwork unit adjustment and positioning, concrete layer pouring and curing. During the curing process, an array of sprinklers is used for spraying, and a moisture absorption pipe is used to absorb the moisture passing through the concrete surface. A humidity detector is used to detect the humidity, and the humidity data is transmitted to the controller. The controller obtains the humidity distribution based on the humidity data and adjusts the spraying mode of the sprinklers accordingly. S5: Climbing formwork. After the concrete strength of the current section reaches the demolding requirement, the climbing formwork system is driven by the hydraulic drive device to climb synchronously along the guide rail to the next construction height and lock the anti-fall mechanism. S6: Repeat steps S4-S5 until all structural construction is completed.

2. The method for constructing a cantilever climbing formwork for a ship lock according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process of adjusting the spray pattern of the nozzles according to the humidity conditions includes: the controller determines the areas where the humidity exceeds a first preset threshold and the areas where the humidity is below a second preset threshold based on the humidity data. The areas where the humidity exceeds the first preset threshold are defined as over-flow areas, and the flow rate of the nozzles in these areas is reduced. The areas where the humidity is slightly below the second preset threshold are defined as under-flow areas, and the flow rate of the nozzles in these areas is increased.

3. The method for constructing a cantilever climbing formwork for a ship lock according to claim 2, characterized in that, After reducing the flow rate, if the humidity in the excess area does not fall below the first preset threshold within the first preset time, the flow rate of the nozzles around the excess area is cyclically adjusted. During the cyclic adjustment, the nozzles that cause the humidity change in the excess area are marked, and the flow rate of the marked nozzles is reduced. After increasing the flow rate, if the humidity in the excess area does not exceed the second preset threshold within the second preset time, the flow rate of the nozzles around the excess area is cyclically adjusted. During the cyclic adjustment process, the nozzles that cause changes in humidity in the excess area are marked, and the flow rate of the marked nozzles is increased.

4. The method for constructing a cantilever climbing formwork for a ship lock according to claim 1, characterized in that, The construction preparation in step S1 also includes: leveling the top surface of the lock foundation section, setting up positioning reference piles, and performing three-dimensional coordinate layout using a total station, with a positioning deviation of ≤5mm.

5. The method for constructing a cantilever climbing formwork for a ship lock according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S4, the concrete is poured in layers with a thickness of 250-350mm. During the pouring process, an immersion vibrator is used for compaction with a vibration interval of ≤500mm and a distance of ≥100mm between the vibrator and the formwork unit.

6. The method for constructing a cantilever climbing formwork for a ship lock according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S5, the synchronous climbing accuracy of the climbing formwork system is ≤3mm, the climbing speed is controlled at 0.5-1.0m / h, and the climbing height difference of each guide rail is monitored in real time by a laser rangefinder during the climbing process.

7. The method for constructing a cantilever climbing formwork for a ship lock according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S4, the template unit adopts a modular design, and elastic sealing gaskets are set at the template joints. The compression of the sealing gaskets is 3-5mm to prevent concrete leakage.

8. The method for constructing a cantilever climbing formwork for a ship lock according to claim 1, characterized in that, During the construction of the cantilever section, stress monitoring sensors are installed on the cantilever support frame to monitor the stress changes of the main load-bearing beam in real time. When the stress value exceeds 80% of the design limit, an early warning is activated and construction is stopped.

9. The method for constructing a cantilever climbing formwork for a ship lock according to claim 1, characterized in that, The concrete curing in step S4 adopts spray curing method, with a curing time of ≥14 days and a temperature difference of ≤25℃ between the concrete surface temperature and the ambient temperature during the curing period.

10. The method for constructing a cantilever climbing formwork for a ship lock according to claim 1, characterized in that, The template unit adopts high-strength steel template or aluminum alloy template, and the surface flatness of the template is ≤2mm / m.

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