Urban low-pit vertical flood discharge structure and anti-blocking drainage method

Abstract

The invention discloses a vertical flood discharge structure and an anti-blocking drainage method for an urban low pit, and provides an innovative solution aiming at the problems that a traditional drainage system is insufficient in vertical flood discharge space, easy to block by sundries and the like. The drainage path optimization structure is connected with a transverse drainage blind pipe (the gradient ranges from 2% to 5%) through a forked drainage port, the outer wall of the blind pipe is wrapped with permeable geotextile (the equivalent aperture ranges from 0.1 mm to 0.3 mm), and the pipe network is prevented from being blocked by silt. The intelligent monitoring module collects flow data in real time, vibration desilting is triggered when the flood discharge efficiency is lower than a threshold value, and the system response time is smaller than or equal to 2 seconds. Experiments show that the ponding fading time of the structure in rainstorm in 30 years is shortened to 1 / 3 of that of a traditional system, the maintenance cost is reduced by 60%, and efficient and low-maintenance technical support is provided for urban inland inundation prevention and control.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of urban drainage technology, specifically relating to vertical flood discharge structures and anti-blockage drainage methods in low-lying urban areas. Background Technology

[0002] Low-lying urban areas, with their lower elevation than surrounding areas, are prone to flooding during heavy rains. Traditional drainage systems primarily rely on horizontal storm drains and underground pipes for flood discharge. However, existing technologies have significant drawbacks: First, traditional storm drains are mainly horizontal, with limited vertical discharge space, resulting in insufficient water flow velocity and difficulty in handling short-duration heavy rainfall. Second, the inlets of drains are easily clogged by fallen leaves, silt, and other debris, leading to low manual cleaning efficiency and safety hazards. Furthermore, existing drainage structures often employ fixed filters or simple flow guide designs, which cannot adapt to complex water flow conditions and are prone to reduced drainage capacity due to debris accumulation over long-term use. Some cities have attempted to improve drainage capacity by expanding intercepting ditch cross-sections or adding pumping stations, but limitations in construction time and cost make it difficult to solve the flooding problem in the short term. Existing drainage systems are particularly inadequate in dealing with extreme weather. For example, traditional drainage pipes are easily damaged during flood backflow and lack effective mechanisms for intercepting debris; some drain outlets are easily covered by leaves and other debris, causing a sharp drop in drainage efficiency. Studies show that the time it takes for water to recede in low-lying urban areas is directly related to the vertical flood discharge capacity of the drainage system. However, current technologies utilize less than 60% of vertical space, severely limiting drainage efficiency. Furthermore, existing monitoring methods rely heavily on manual inspections, making it impossible to monitor the real-time operational status of drainage facilities, resulting in significant delays in fault response. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a vertical flood discharge structure and anti-clogging drainage method for urban low-lying areas. This invention proposes a vertical flood discharge structure and anti-clogging drainage method for urban low-lying areas, including a curb base, a vertical flood discharge channel, an anti-clogging guide component, and a drainage path optimization structure. The curb base extends longitudinally along the edge of the road low-lying area, and its inner wall is provided with a vertical flood discharge channel. The cross-section of the vertical flood discharge channel is trapezoidal, narrower at the top and wider at the bottom, with a depth of 15-30 cm and a width of 5-10 cm. The anti-clogging guide component includes a detachable filter screen and a guide plate. The filter screen covers the inlet end of the vertical flood discharge channel, and the guide plate is inclined inside the vertical flood discharge channel at an angle of 30°-45° with the horizontal plane to guide the water flow downwards at an accelerated vertical direction. The curb base is constructed of high-strength permeable concrete, with internally embedded reinforcing mesh forming a grid structure to ensure the stability of the base under long-term water pressure and vehicle loads. The trapezoidal cross-section design of the vertical flood discharge channel increases the bottom flow area, reducing water flow resistance, while the trapezoidal sidewalls effectively guide the water flow vertically downwards. The removable filter screen of the anti-clogging guide assembly covers the inlet end, intercepting large particles such as leaves and silt. The tilt angle of the guide plate has been optimized through fluid dynamics simulation, utilizing gravity to accelerate the vertical movement of water and avoid debris accumulation caused by horizontal flow. The trapezoidal cross-section design significantly improves vertical flood discharge capacity, increasing drainage efficiency by more than 40% compared to traditional horizontal flood discharge structures. The removable filter screen facilitates regular cleaning, reducing maintenance costs and extending the structure's service life. The tilt angle design of the guide plate, combined with a hydrophobic coating, reduces water flow resistance and prevents debris adhesion.

[0004] Furthermore, the inner wall of the vertical flood discharge channel is equipped with spiral guide ribs. The spiral guide ribs have a pitch of 10-15 cm and a height of 2-3 cm, used to separate suspended debris in the water flow through centrifugal force. The spiral guide ribs are integrally molded from a high-polymer composite material and extend spirally along the inner wall of the channel. The pitch and height have been verified by a hydraulic model to form a stable centrifugal force field. When water flows through, suspended debris is thrown towards the side wall of the channel and deposited at the bottom due to centrifugal force, while clean water is discharged rapidly along the spiral path. Centrifugal separation technology can intercept suspended solids with a particle size ≥2 mm, reducing the risk of subsequent pipe blockage. The spiral rib structure requires no additional power and achieves self-cleaning function through natural water flow. The material has strong corrosion resistance and is suitable for long-term immersion environments.

[0005] Furthermore, the detachable filter screen has a double-layer structure. The outer layer is a stainless steel perforated mesh (pore size ≤ 5mm), and the inner layer is a polymer fiber filter layer (porosity ≥ 60%). The filter screen is connected to the curb substrate via a snap-on fixing frame, supporting quick disassembly and cleaning. The outer stainless steel perforated mesh is made of 304 stainless steel with a gradient pore size distribution (3mm edge pore size, 5mm center pore size) to prevent large particles from penetrating. The inner polymer fiber layer is woven from polyester fibers, and the porosity is controlled at 60%-65% through a hot-pressing process, combining filtration accuracy and water permeability. The snap-on fixing frame is made of engineering plastic injection molding with a built-in spring lock, allowing a single person to disassemble the filter screen within 5 minutes. The double-layer filtration structure achieves a 95% interception efficiency, 30% higher than a single-layer filter screen. The quick-disassembly design reduces maintenance difficulty and is suitable for high-frequency sludge removal needs. The material has strong weather resistance and is adaptable to environments from -30℃ to 70℃.

[0006] Furthermore, the bottom of the vertical flood discharge channel is equipped with a bifurcated drainage outlet, which diverts the water flow to horizontal drainage blind pipes on both sides. These horizontal drainage blind pipes have a slope of 2%-5% and are connected to the municipal drainage network. The bifurcated drainage outlets adopt a Y-shaped diversion structure, controlling the water flow distribution ratio (60% for the main road and 20% for each side) through guide vanes to avoid overloading of drainage on one side. The horizontal drainage blind pipes use HDPE double-wall corrugated pipes, with the outer wall wrapped with permeable geotextile (equivalent pore size 0.1-0.3mm). The slope is finely adjusted according to the terrain to ensure a drainage flow velocity ≥0.6m / s. The bifurcated design disperses drainage pressure, reducing the probability of pipe network blockage. The permeable geotextile intercepts sediment, extending the pipe network maintenance cycle to more than 5 years. The slope adaptive design adapts to different geological conditions.

[0007] Furthermore, the curb base is constructed using permeable concrete, with a reinforcing mesh embedded within it. The mesh spacing is 10cm x 10cm, and the compressive strength is ≥C30. The permeable concrete mix proportion is cement:aggregate:admixture = 1:2.5:0.05, with a porosity of 15%-20% and a permeability coefficient ≥1×10⁻⁶. -4 m / s. The reinforcing mesh is welded with Φ6 threaded steel bars, with a node spacing of 10cm, forming a three-dimensional support structure. Its compressive strength has been tested and reaches C35. The permeability meets the requirements of the "Technical Guidelines for Sponge City Construction". The reinforcing mesh enhances the load-bearing capacity of the substrate, capable of withstanding 50kN / m. 2 Load capacity. The materials are environmentally friendly, and the permeability of permeable concrete is 5 times higher than that of traditional asphalt.

[0008] Furthermore, the surface of the guide plate is coated with a hydrophobic coating with a contact angle ≥150°, and an elastic sealing strip is provided at the connection between the guide plate and the vertical flood discharge channel to prevent leakage. The hydrophobic coating is made of nano-silica modified polyurethane material, with a spray thickness of 50μm and a contact angle of 155°±3° as tested. The elastic sealing strip is made of ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM) rubber, with a compression set ≤15% and an aging resistance life ≥15 years. The hydrophobic coating reduces water flow resistance and increases the vertical discharge speed by 10%-15%. The sealing strip effectively prevents groundwater infiltration, and the structural waterproof rating reaches IPX8. The coating is resistant to acid and alkali corrosion and adaptable to environments with a pH value of 3-11.

[0009] Furthermore, a vibration motor is installed at the bottom of the guide plate. The vibration frequency of the motor is 50-100Hz, used to periodically remove debris adhering to the guide plate. The vibration motor is an IP68 protection-rated DC motor with an amplitude of 0.1-0.3mm and power consumption ≤10W. The control system integrates a pressure sensor, which automatically starts vibration when the pressure difference across the guide plate exceeds a threshold, stopping after 10 seconds each time. This vibration dredging technology reduces the frequency of manual maintenance, saving 60% of labor costs. The intelligent start-stop mechanism extends the motor life to over 8 years. The dredging efficiency reaches 90%, preventing channel blockage.

[0010] Furthermore, the outer side of the transverse drainage blind pipe is wrapped with a permeable geotextile with an equivalent pore size of 0.1-0.3 mm to prevent silt blockage. The permeable geotextile is made of polyester filament nonwoven fabric with a warp and weft density of 200 g / m². 2 The equivalent pore size, determined by dry sieving, is 0.2 mm. The wrapping process uses hot melt adhesive with an overlap width ≥10 cm to prevent lateral leakage. The geotextile intercepts over 90% of sediment particles >0.2 mm. The hot melt adhesive process ensures a long-term tensile strength ≥20 kN / m. The maintenance cycle is extended to 3-5 years.

[0011] Furthermore, the top of the curb base is provided with anti-slip grooves flush with the road surface. These grooves are 2-3 cm deep and 8-12 cm wide, designed to guide rainwater into the vertical flood discharge channel. The anti-slip grooves have a U-shaped cross-section, with anti-slip ceramic particles (3-5 mm in diameter) embedded within, achieving a surface friction coefficient ≥0.6. A transition slope with an angle ≤5° is provided at the connection between the groove bottom and the flood discharge channel to prevent water splashing. The anti-slip design reduces the risk of pedestrians slipping and complies with GB50352-2019 standards. The transition slope optimizes water flow distribution and improves flood discharge efficiency. The ceramic particles are wear-resistant and have a service life ≥10 years.

[0012] Furthermore, it includes an intelligent monitoring module that integrates a flow sensor and a blockage early warning unit. When the flow velocity in the vertical flood discharge channel falls below a threshold, it triggers an audible and visual alarm and starts a vibration motor. The flow sensor employs an electromagnetic measurement principle and has a measuring range of 0-5m.3 / s, accuracy ±1%. The blockage early warning unit is based on a flow velocity-pressure difference coupling algorithm, triggering an alarm when the flow velocity <0.3m / s persists for 10 minutes. The vibration motor response time is <2 seconds, the alarm sound pressure level is ≥80dB, and the real-time monitoring system failure rate is <0.1 times / year. Intelligent early warning reduces the frequency of manual inspections to once a month. The system's linkage control accuracy reaches the millisecond level.

[0013] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0014] This invention significantly improves the overall performance of drainage systems in low-lying urban areas through the coordinated design of vertical flood discharge channels and anti-blockage diversion components. The vertical flood discharge channel adopts a trapezoidal cross-section structure, with a design that is narrower at the top and wider at the bottom to accelerate the vertical discharge of water. Its depth and width parameters have been optimized by fluid mechanics, resulting in a drainage efficiency improvement of more than 40% compared to traditional horizontal flood discharge structures.

[0015] The anti-clogging guide assembly's double-layer filter screen intercepts solid debris with a particle size ≥5mm. Combined with the centrifugal separation effect of the inclined guide plate, it can reduce the risk of clogging by more than 90%. The linkage design of the hydrophobic coating on the guide plate surface and the vibration motor enables automatic sludge removal, extending the maintenance cycle to more than three times that of traditional structures. The optimized drainage path structure diverts water flow to transverse blind pipes through branched drainage outlets, and with the help of permeable geotextile to filter silt, it effectively reduces the probability of pipe network blockage. The curb base adopts a composite structure of permeable concrete and reinforcing mesh, with a compressive strength of C30 or higher, which can withstand vehicle loads and promote rainwater infiltration. The intelligent monitoring module collects flow data in real time. When the flow velocity in the flood discharge channel is lower than the threshold, it automatically triggers vibration sludge removal. The system response time is less than 2 seconds, significantly improving emergency response capabilities. Experimental data shows that under a 30-year return period rainstorm, the water receding time of this invention is shortened to 1 / 3 of that of traditional systems, and the total life cycle maintenance cost is reduced by more than 60%. This technology breaks through the traditional drainage system design concept, and for the first time takes the vertical flood discharge space as the core flood discharge path. Combined with intelligent control and self-cleaning mechanism, it forms an efficient and low-maintenance urban waterlogging prevention and control system, providing key technical support for the construction of sponge cities. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are merely exemplary, and those skilled in the art can derive other embodiments based on the provided drawings without creative effort.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2This is a plan view of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 3 This is a planar schematic diagram of the curb base of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0020] How to use:

[0021] I. Structural Composition and Installation Specifications

[0022] 1. Installation of the curb substrate: Precast permeable concrete curb substrates are installed longitudinally along the edge of the road's low-lying areas. The top of the substrate is flush with the road surface, and a vertical drainage channel 2 installation groove is reserved on the inner wall. Reinforcing mesh 11 is embedded inside the substrate, with the mesh spacing strictly controlled at 10cm × 10cm, and the compressive strength must meet the C30 standard. During installation, it is essential to ensure a tight fit between the substrate and the roadbed to prevent gaps that could lead to water seepage failure.

[0023] 2. Vertical flood discharge channel 2: A trapezoidal vertical flood discharge channel is embedded in the inner wall of the roadside substrate. The channel is narrower at the top and wider at the bottom, with a depth of 15-30cm and a width of 5-10cm. Spiral guide ribs 21 with a pitch of 10-15cm and a height of 2-3cm are installed on the inner wall of the channel to separate suspended debris in the water flow through centrifugal force. A branched drainage outlet 22 is installed at the bottom of the channel to divert the water to the two transverse drainage blind pipes 5 on both sides. The slope is adjusted to 2%-5% to adapt to the slope of the municipal pipe network.

[0024] 3. Installation of anti-blockage flow guiding component 3

[0025] Detachable filter screen 31: Covers the inlet end of the vertical flood discharge channel. The outer layer is made of stainless steel perforated mesh with a pore size ≤5mm, and the inner layer is a polymer fiber filter layer with a porosity ≥60%. It is connected to the curb base through a snap-on fixing frame 311, which supports quick disassembly and cleaning.

[0026] Deflector plate 32: Installed at an angle of 30°-45° inside the channel, with a hydrophobic coating on the surface and a contact angle ≥150°. An elastic sealing strip 322 is connected to the bottom to prevent leakage. A vibration motor 323 is integrated at the bottom of the deflector plate, with a vibration frequency of 50-100Hz, used for periodically removing attached debris.

[0027] 4. Drainage Path Optimization Structure 4 Implementation: The outer side of the transverse drainage blind pipe 5 is wrapped with permeable geotextile 51, with an equivalent pore size of 0.1-0.3mm, to prevent silt blockage. When the blind pipe is connected to the municipal drainage network, the joint sealing must be ensured, and the slope error must be controlled within ±0.5%.

[0028] II. Daily Maintenance and Operation Procedures

[0029] 1. Filter Cleaning and Replacement: Disassemble the removable filter screen 31 quarterly. Use a high-pressure water gun to rinse the outer stainless steel perforated mesh. The inner polymer fiber layer needs to be soaked in a special cleaning agent for 10 minutes to remove deposits in the pores. If the filter screen pore size is deformed by more than 5%, it must be replaced immediately.

[0030] 2. Deflector Function Testing: Check the integrity of the hydrophobic coating on the surface of deflector 32 monthly. If the contact angle is less than 140°, the nano-silica modified polyurethane coating needs to be re-sprayed. The start-stop response time of the vibration motor 323 should be tested every six months to ensure that it automatically starts dredging when the flow velocity is below 0.3m / s.

[0031] 3. Drainage system inspection: Regularly clean fallen leaves and debris from the surface of the transverse drainage blind pipe 5, and check whether the permeable geotextile 51 is damaged. Use an endoscope to check the siltation of the spiral guide ribs 21 on the inner wall of the vertical flood discharge channel 2, and use compressed air to back-purge if necessary.

[0032] III. Intelligent Monitoring and Early Warning Management

[0033] 1. Monitoring Module 6 Deployment: Flow sensor 61 and blockage early warning unit 62 are installed inside the vertical flood discharge channel 2. The sensor needs to be connected to the municipal drainage management platform. The flow sensor's range is 0-5m. 3 / s, accuracy ±1%, the blockage warning unit is based on the flow velocity-pressure difference algorithm, and triggers an alarm when the flow velocity is continuously lower than 0.3m / s for more than 10 minutes.

[0034] 2. Emergency Response Procedure: Upon receiving a blockage warning, remotely activate the vibratory motor 323 to clear the blockage, while simultaneously dispatching maintenance personnel to conduct on-site verification. If vibration clearing is ineffective, manual entry into the inspection well is required to disassemble the guide plate 32 and clear any accumulated debris from the channel.

[0035] IV. Special Scenario Handling

[0036] 1. Response to extreme rainstorms: The forced drainage mode of the intelligent monitoring module 6 is activated, the vibration motor 323 runs at the maximum frequency of 100Hz, and all valves of the branched drainage outlet 22 are opened at the same time to enhance the instantaneous drainage capacity of the horizontal drainage blind pipe 5.

[0037] 2. Winter antifreeze measures: When the temperature is below 0℃, inject 30% ethylene glycol aqueous solution as antifreeze into the vertical flood discharge channel 2 to prevent freezing and blockage. A heating film with a power density of 50W / m² is added to the surface of the guide plate 32. 2 To maintain the surface temperature above the freezing point.

[0038] V. Technical Parameters and Acceptance Standards

[0039] 1. Structural performance

[0040] The permeability coefficient of the curb substrate 1 is ≥1×10-4 m / s, compressive strength ≥ C30.

[0041] The vertical flood discharge channel 2 improves flood discharge efficiency by 40% and reduces blockage rate by 90% compared to traditional structures.

[0042] 2. Intelligent System

[0043] The data transmission delay of monitoring module 6 is ≤2 seconds, and the false alarm rate is <0.1 times / year.

[0044] Vibration motor 323 has a lifespan of ≥8 years and a cumulative vibration count of ≥10. 6 Second-rate.

[0045] Example

[0046] Example 1: Vertical flood discharge system for high rainfall areas

[0047] In low-lying sections of coastal cities with annual rainfall exceeding 1500 mm, permeable concrete curb base is laid longitudinally along the road edge. A trapezoidal vertical flood discharge channel, 25 cm deep and 8 cm wide, is embedded within the base. The inner wall of the channel is fitted with spiral guide ribs with a pitch of 12 cm and a height of 2.5 cm, coated with a nano-hydrophobic coating (contact angle 155°). The channel inlet is covered with a double-layer filter: an outer layer of 304 stainless steel perforated mesh (4 mm aperture) and an inner layer of polyester fiber (62% porosity), connected to the base via a snap-fit ​​frame. A 45° inclined guide plate is installed at the bottom of the filter, coated with a hydrophobic coating and embedded with a vibration motor (80 Hz vibration frequency). A Y-shaped branching drainage outlet is located at the bottom of the flood discharge channel, diverting the flow to HDPE double-wall corrugated pipes wrapped with permeable geotextile (equivalent aperture 0.15 mm) on both sides, with the slope adjusted to 3%. The curb base has anti-slip grooves at the top, with ceramic particles embedded in the grooves, and the bottom connects to a transition slope (4°). The intelligent monitoring module integrates an electromagnetic flow sensor (range 0-6m). 3 The system includes a pressure differential blockage warning unit. When the flow velocity is below 0.25 m / s for 15 minutes, it triggers an audible and visual alarm and starts the vibration motor at the bottom of the deflector. In a 30-year return period rainstorm, the system reduces the water receding time to 1 / 4 of that of traditional systems and extends the maintenance cycle to 5 years.

[0048] Example 2: Freezing-resistant flood discharge structure for cold regions

[0049] For low-lying road sections in northern cities where winter temperatures drop below -20℃, the curb base is constructed using C35 frost-resistant concrete with embedded Φ8 threaded steel reinforcing mesh (8cm x 8cm mesh spacing). The vertical flood discharge channel is increased to 30cm in depth and 10cm in width, with the inner wall spiral guide ribs having an 8cm pitch and a rib height of 1.8cm, and is constructed using low-temperature resistant epoxy resin composite material. An electric heating film (60W / m³ power density) is added to the surface of the guide plate. 2The system is controlled by a temperature sensor, automatically activating heating when the ambient temperature drops below 0℃. The filter screen features a double-layer stainless steel structure: an outer layer of 316L stainless steel perforated mesh (3mm aperture) and an inner layer of porous titanium alloy (65% porosity). The snap-fit ​​frame incorporates an anti-freeze sealing strip (EPDM rubber, cold-resistant to -50℃). The bottom of the flood discharge channel has bifurcated drainage outlets connected to horizontal blind drainage pipes, the outer walls of which are wrapped with double-layer permeable geotextile (equivalent aperture 0.1mm), with a slope of 4.5%. The anti-slip groove depth is increased to 3.5cm, and a slow-release de-icing agent tank is installed inside, releasing calcium chloride solution through capillary action to prevent freezing. The intelligent monitoring module integrates a flow sensor and an ice thickness detector. When the ice thickness exceeds 2cm, a vibration motor (100Hz frequency) and heating system are activated to ensure unobstructed flow in the flood discharge channel. Continuous operation testing in a -30℃ environment shows that the drainage efficiency is 70% higher than traditional structures, and the ice blockage rate is reduced to below 0.5%.

[0050] Example 3: Eco-integrated flood discharge device

[0051] In low-lying sections of roads in ecologically sensitive areas, the roadside substrate uses a composite structure of permeable bricks and recycled aggregate concrete, with a permeability coefficient of 2×10⁻⁶. -4 The flow rate is m / s, and the compressive strength is C30. The vertical flood discharge channel is designed in the shape of a biomimetic tree root. The main channel is 20cm deep and 6cm wide, while the branch channels are 3cm in diameter and distributed at a 45° angle to simulate the water absorption effect of plant roots. The spiral guide ribs are replaced with biodegradable plastic ribs (PLA material, 15cm pitch), and the surface of the ribs is coated with a nano-level concave-convex structure to enhance the centrifugal separation effect. The guide plate is made of bamboo fiber composite material with a beeswax hydrophobic layer (contact angle 160°) on the surface. The bottom vibration motor is replaced with a piezoelectric ceramic drive device (vibration amplitude 0.05-0.1mm), which is self-generated by rainwater impact. The branch drainage outlets are connected to ecological filter ditches, which are filled with volcanic rock (particle size 5-10cm) and reed roots. The permeable geotextile is replaced with coconut fiber woven fabric (porosity 0.25mm). The anti-slip groove is designed with a wavy cross section, and flood-tolerant Crassulaceae plants are planted in the groove to form a bioretention zone. The intelligent monitoring module integrates a soil moisture sensor and a microbial activity detector. When the flow velocity in the flood discharge channel is abnormal, it activates a biomimetic vibration mode (simulating the frequency of raindrop impact) and simultaneously releases microbial agents to decompose organic matter. Pilot testing of this device in the Yangtze River Delta region shows that the annual runoff volume control rate reaches 85%, and the biodiversity index increases by 2.3 times.

[0052] Example 4: Modular Rapid Assembly Flood Discharge System

[0053] To address the needs of old urban area renovation, a prefabricated vertical flood discharge unit was developed. The curb base is prefabricated using FRP composite material, 15cm thick, with an internal honeycomb reinforcement structure (3cm aperture), and a compressive strength of C40. The vertical flood discharge channel is a detachable cylindrical module (10cm diameter, 30cm height), with pre-embedded spiral guide ribs on the inner wall (adjustable pitch range 8-12cm). Modules are connected via mortise and tenon joints. The filter uses a magnetic adsorption design: the outer layer is a magnetic stainless steel mesh (2mm aperture), and the inner layer is a graphene-modified activated carbon layer (5mm thick), allowing for quick assembly and disassembly via an electromagnet fixing frame. The guide plate is made of carbon fiber composite material, coated with a self-healing hydrophobic coating (releasing silane coupling agent for automatic repair after damage), and integrates a micro piezoelectric vibrator at the bottom (3V voltage, 0.5W power consumption). The branched drainage outlets use quick-connect clamps to connect the horizontal drainage pipes. The pipes are made of HDPE perforated corrugated pipe (3mm wall thickness), and the outer wall is wrapped with biodegradable geotextile (PLA base material, naturally decomposes in 6 months). Anti-slip grooves integrate LED warning light strips that automatically illuminate at night via a photosensitive sensor. The intelligent monitoring module uses LoRa wireless transmission to upload flow data and vibration frequency in real time. When a blockage is detected, a vibration dredging program is remotely initiated via a mobile app. This system was applied in a renovation project in Huangpu District, Shanghai, reducing the construction period to 72 hours and lowering overall costs by 40%.

[0054] Example 5: Underground Space Collaborative Flood Discharge System

[0055] In the low-lying areas of the subway station entrances and exits, vertical flood discharge channels are integrated with the ventilation system of the underground commercial space. The curb base is integrally cast with the subway ventilation shaft, using C45 impermeable concrete (impermeability grade P10), with pre-embedded stainless steel corrugated pipes (200mm diameter) serving as the vertical flood discharge channels. The spiral guide ribs are replaced with guide impellers (blade inclination angle 30°, rotation speed 5-15rpm), driven by the subway ventilation airflow to rotate and separate debris. The guide plate uses a lightweight aluminum alloy frame, with a self-cleaning PTFE membrane (contact angle 170°), and the bottom vibration motor is powered by the subway power supply system (AC220V, 50Hz). The branching drainage outlets connect to the landscape pool in the underground commercial atrium, enhancing reoxygenation capacity through a cascading aeration device (1.5m drop). Anti-slip grooves are integrated with the subway turnstiles, with pressure-sensitive mats installed inside; warning lights automatically rise when water accumulation exceeds a threshold. The intelligent monitoring module integrates data from the metro's BAS system to monitor the matching degree between flood discharge flow and ventilation airflow in real time. When the flood discharge capacity is insufficient, it adjusts the impeller speed and ventilation volume accordingly. This design was applied at Lijiao Station on Guangzhou Metro Line 3 and successfully withstood a 50-year rainstorm, keeping the water depth inside the station below 5cm.

[0056] Although the present invention has been disclosed above with reference to preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the invention. Any person skilled in the art can make various modifications and refinements without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention; therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be defined by the claims.

Claims

1. A vertical flood discharge structure and anti-blockage drainage method for low-lying urban areas, characterized in that: The system includes a curb base (1), a vertical flood discharge channel (2), an anti-blocking guide assembly (3), and a drainage path optimization structure (4). The curb base (1) extends longitudinally along the edge of the road depression, and its inner wall is provided with a vertical flood discharge channel (2). The cross-section of the vertical flood discharge channel (2) is trapezoidal, narrow at the top and wide at the bottom, with a depth of 15-30cm and a width of 5-10cm. The anti-blocking guide assembly (3) includes a detachable filter screen (31) and a guide plate (32). The filter screen (31) covers the inlet end of the vertical flood discharge channel (2), and the guide plate (32) is inclined inside the vertical flood discharge channel (2) with an angle of 30°-45° with the horizontal plane, which is used to guide the water flow to accelerate downward in the vertical direction.

2. The vertical flood discharge structure and anti-blockage drainage method for urban low-lying areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner wall of the vertical flood discharge channel (2) is provided with a spiral guide rib (21). The spiral guide rib (21) has a pitch of 10-15cm and a height of 2-3cm, and is used to separate suspended debris in the water flow by centrifugal force.

3. The vertical flood discharge structure and anti-blockage drainage method for urban low-lying areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The detachable filter (31) has a double-layer structure. The outer layer is a stainless steel perforated mesh (pore size ≤ 5mm), and the inner layer is a polymer fiber filter layer (porosity ≥ 60%). The filter is connected to the curb base (1) by a snap-on fixing frame (311) to support quick disassembly and cleaning.

4. The vertical flood discharge structure and anti-blockage drainage method for urban low-lying areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the vertical flood discharge channel (2) is provided with a bifurcated drainage outlet (22) to divert water flow to the horizontal drainage blind pipes (5) on both sides. The slope of the horizontal drainage blind pipes (5) is 2%-5% and they are connected to the municipal drainage network.

5. The vertical flood discharge structure and anti-blockage drainage method for urban low-lying areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The curb base (1) is made of permeable concrete and has a reinforcing mesh (11) embedded inside. The mesh spacing of the reinforcing mesh (11) is 10cm×10cm and the compressive strength is ≥C30.

6. The vertical flood discharge structure and anti-clogging drainage method for urban low-lying areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The surface of the guide plate (32) is coated with a hydrophobic coating (321) with a contact angle ≥150°, and an elastic sealing strip (322) is provided at the connection between the guide plate (32) and the vertical flood discharge channel (2) to prevent leakage.

7. The vertical flood discharge structure and anti-blockage drainage method for urban low-lying areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the guide plate (32) is provided with a vibration motor (323), the vibration frequency of which is 50-100Hz, and is used to periodically remove debris attached to the guide plate.

8. The vertical flood discharge structure and anti-blockage drainage method for urban low-lying areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer side of the transverse drainage blind pipe (5) is wrapped with a permeable geotextile (51), the permeable geotextile (51) having an equivalent pore size of 0.1-0.3mm to prevent silt blockage.

9. The vertical flood discharge structure and anti-blockage drainage method for urban low-lying areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the curb base (1) is provided with an anti-slip groove (12) flush with the road surface. The anti-slip groove (12) is 2-3cm deep and 8-12cm wide, and is used to guide rainwater into the vertical flood discharge channel (2).

10. The vertical flood discharge structure for urban low-lying areas and the anti-blocking drainage method according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that: It includes an intelligent monitoring module (6), which integrates a flow sensor (61) and a blockage warning unit (62). When the flow velocity of the vertical flood discharge channel (2) is lower than the threshold, it triggers an audible and visual alarm and starts a vibration motor (323).

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