Primary-secondary type modular building system

Abstract

The invention discloses a primary-secondary modular building system, and belongs to the technical field of modular buildings and building industrialization. The invention aims to solve the technical problems of insufficient space flexibility and difficulty in post-earthquake repair caused by space solidification and difficulty in reconstruction of a traditional building and complex connection and strong anti-seismic integrity dependence between existing modular building modules. According to the technical scheme, the hollow-out type main structure of a frame type stress system is formed by columns and beams, and a plurality of continuous and open mounting units are formed in the hollow-out type main structure; the sub-module units can be independently contained in the mounting unit, the two sides of the bottom of each sub-module unit are connected with the two longitudinal beams located at the bottom of the sub-module unit in a sliding or rolling mode, and the two sides of the top of each sub-module unit are detachably and fixedly connected with the two longitudinal beams located at the top of the sub-module unit. The system is mainly used for residential buildings, office buildings and other civil buildings, and flexible and variable building indoor space, rapid building and function iteration are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of modular building technology, specifically relating to a parent-child modular building system. Background Technology

[0002] With increasing demands for adaptability, personalization, and sustainability in housing, traditional buildings suffer from inherent limitations due to their "fixed space" nature. Load-bearing walls and fixed pipelines severely restrict the later modification of interior spaces, making them unable to adapt to the flexible and adaptable needs of changing family structures and lifestyles.

[0003] Modular buildings, as an advanced form of industrialized construction, offer advantages such as high assembly rates and rapid construction speed. However, their core challenge lies in the complex handling of connections between modular units, including structural connections, waterproofing, sound insulation, and pipeline integration. These connection points are often weak points in quality and performance. Furthermore, existing modular buildings typically employ a stacked container structure, with internal functional layouts fixed in the factory, making it difficult to meet users' needs for personalized and iterative updates to apartment layouts. Essentially, it remains another form of "fixed space." The earthquake resistance of existing modular buildings relies on the strength of the connections between modules, posing a risk of "all modules being damaged" and presenting challenges in post-earthquake repair.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need in this field for a new building system that can retain the advantages of efficient construction of modular buildings, and can also fully realize flexible and adaptable interior spaces, avoid complex connection problems, and be earthquake-resistant and safe. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a new building system that can achieve flexible and personalized customization of interior space, simplify on-site connections, facilitate functional iteration and updates, and retain the advantages of efficient construction of modular buildings.

[0006] To achieve these objectives and other advantages of the present invention, a modular building system comprising: The hollow main structure consists of a frame-type load-bearing system composed of columns and beams, and internally forms multiple continuous and open installation units enclosed by columns and beams. Each installation unit is enclosed and defined by four columns, two longitudinal beams at the top, two longitudinal beams at the bottom, two transverse beams at both ends of the top, and two transverse beams at both ends of the bottom. Multiple sub-module units, each housed within an installation unit; the bottom sides of each sub-module unit are slidably or rollably connected to two longitudinal beams located at its bottom, and the top sides of each sub-module unit are detachably fixedly connected to two longitudinal beams located at its top.

[0007] Preferably, in the aforementioned modular building system, the sliding or rolling connection between the bottom sides of each sub-module unit and the two longitudinal beams located at its bottom is achieved in the following manner: Sliding or rolling mechanisms are set on both sides of the bottom of the sub-module unit, and corresponding slide rail systems are set on the two longitudinal beams at the bottom.

[0008] Preferably, in the aforementioned modular building system, the cross-section of each longitudinal beam is convex; the two sliding rail systems include first channel steel embedded parts pre-embedded at the top of the protrusions of the two longitudinal beams at the bottom; the two sliding or rolling mechanisms include sub-module unit embedded parts pre-embedded on both sides of the bottom of the sub-module unit, and rollers or sliders installed at the bottom of the two sub-module unit embedded parts, the rollers or sliders being located in the corresponding first channel steel embedded parts.

[0009] Preferably, in the aforementioned modular building system, the two sides of the top of the sub-module unit are detachably and fixedly connected to the two longitudinal beams located at its top in the following manner: H-beam embedded parts are pre-embedded on the lower inner side of the protrusions of the two longitudinal beams at the top, and angle steel embedded parts are pre-embedded on both sides of the top of the sub-module unit. The angle steel embedded parts and the H-beam embedded parts are fixedly connected by bolts through the elongated holes on both.

[0010] Preferably, the parent-child modular building system also includes an energy-dissipating and vibration-damping device; third channel steel embedded parts are pre-embedded on the upper inner side of the protrusions of the two longitudinal beams at the bottom, and second channel steel embedded parts are pre-embedded on both sides of the bottom of the sub-module unit; the two ends of the energy-dissipating and vibration-damping device are respectively hinged to the third channel steel embedded parts and the second channel steel embedded parts through pins.

[0011] Preferably, in the aforementioned modular building system, the main horizontal pipelines of the building are centrally arranged between adjacent beams and connected to the reserved interfaces at the top or bottom of the sub-module units via flexible connectors or quick-connect fittings.

[0012] Preferably, in the aforementioned modular building system, the hollow main structure further includes lateral force resisting components.

[0013] Preferably, the aforementioned modular building system further includes: Auxiliary support system, which includes: A pair of parallel support rails are fixed to the upper surfaces of two horizontal beams at the bottom and extend along the length of the horizontal beams. At least one rigid sliding mounting beam has a sliding support at the bottom of each end, the sliding support slidingly engaging with a support rail on the corresponding side, allowing the rigid sliding mounting beam to move along the length of the support rail; the sliding support is provided with at least one position locking mechanism, the position locking mechanism including a locking screw that can be screwed into the sliding support and has its front end abut against the side of the support rail; the rigid sliding mounting beam has at least one mounting position along its length, and a support unit is detachably mounted at the mounting position; the support unit includes: The base is detachably fixed to the mounting position of the rigid sliding mounting beam; The sleeve is vertically fixed to the base; The support rod has its lower end inserted into the sleeve. The mating surface between the support rod and the sleeve has a polygonal cross-section to prevent relative rotation. A rack and pinion lifting mechanism includes a rack vertically fixed to the side of a support rod, a gear meshing with the rack, and a fine-tuning handwheel that drives the gear to rotate. The gear is mounted on a sleeve via a rotating shaft. A one-way locking mechanism includes a ratchet and a resilient pawl; the ratchet is fixedly mounted on the same shaft as the gear and rotates synchronously with the gear; the resilient pawl is set on a sleeve and, under its own weight or the action of a spring, engages in the tooth groove of the ratchet, allowing the gear to rotate in one direction to lift the support rod, and is locked when rotating in the opposite direction; A rigid support assembly includes a pressure-bearing top plate; the pressure-bearing top plate is coaxially fixed to the upper end of the support rod, and its central axis coincides with the axis of the support rod; the upper surface of the pressure-bearing top plate is a flat pressure-bearing surface, and a composite pad layer with both elasticity and wear resistance is applied to the pressure-bearing surface. The pressure indicator includes a pressure sensor and a display; the pressure sensor is located on the force transmission path between the pressure plate and the support rod to sense the axial support force; the display is located on the outer wall of the sleeve to display the pressure value measured by the pressure sensor.

[0014] Preferably, in the aforementioned modular building system, at least one alignment locking mechanism is provided between adjacent vertical sub-module units; each alignment locking mechanism is independently provided and does not interfere with each other; the alignment locking mechanism includes: A cylindrical shell is fixed to the bottom of the upper sub-module unit and has an opening at its lower end; a spring seat is provided at the top inside the cylindrical shell; a first guide hole extending longitudinally is provided on the side wall of the cylindrical shell; A telescopic guide rod, the upper end of which slides vertically through the lower opening of the cylindrical shell and extends into the cylindrical shell, the bottom of the telescopic guide rod is provided with a tapered guide head; the upper end of the telescopic guide rod is provided with a radially protruding spring support. A drive spring is disposed inside the cylindrical housing. The drive spring is sleeved around the rod segment of the telescopic guide rod located above the spring support. The lower end of the drive spring abuts against the spring support, and the upper end abuts against the spring seat fixed to the top of the cylindrical housing. A cross-shaped locking pin includes a longitudinal portion and a transverse portion perpendicular to the longitudinal portion; the front end of the longitudinal portion slidably passes through the first guide hole, and the rear end of the longitudinal portion is located outside the cylindrical housing; the transverse portion is located between the front end and the rear end of the longitudinal portion and is located outside the cylindrical housing; the longitudinal portion has a radially protruding limiting shoulder on a rod segment located outside the cylindrical housing and adjacent to the rear end of the first guide hole; a pair of clearance holes are symmetrically opened at both ends of the transverse portion. A fixing rod is vertically installed and fixed to the bottom of the upper sub-module unit; the fixing rod has a through hole that passes through the fixing rod longitudinally; A return spring is sleeved on the rear end of the longitudinal portion. The front end of the return spring abuts against the transverse portion, and the rear end abuts against the fixing rod. The return spring is in a compressed state, providing the cross-shaped locking pin with a spring force that causes the longitudinal portion to move forward. The telescopic guide rod has an annular groove on its body corresponding to the height of the front end of the longitudinal section. When the telescopic guide rod is in the retracted position, the front end of the longitudinal section is pushed into the annular groove by the return spring, and the rear end of the longitudinal section passes through the through hole on the fixing rod. The limiting shoulder abuts against the outer wall of the cylindrical shell, thereby locking the telescopic guide rod. A pair of inverted L-shaped trigger rods are symmetrically fixed to the top of the lower submodule unit and to a predetermined position on the sliding path of the upper submodule unit. Each of the inverted L-shaped trigger rods includes a vertical part and a horizontal part fixed to the top of the vertical part. The horizontal part is arranged longitudinally and is located behind the vertical part. When the upper sub-module unit slides longitudinally toward the installation position, the cross-shaped locking pin moves forward together with the upper sub-module unit. During the sliding process of the upper sub-module unit, the horizontal portions of the pair of inverted L-shaped trigger rods are respectively inserted into the clearance holes at both ends of the horizontal portion of the cross-shaped locking pin. When the vertical portion contacts the front edge of the clearance hole, it prevents the cross-shaped locking pin from moving forward, causing the cross-shaped locking pin to move backward relative to the cylindrical housing against the elastic force of the return spring. The front end of the longitudinal portion exits from the annular groove of the telescopic guide rod, and the rear end of the longitudinal portion slides backward along the through hole of the fixing rod, thereby releasing the lock on the telescopic guide rod. A locking sleeve, which is fixed to the top of the lower submodule unit, has a second guide hole for the tapered guide head at the lower end of the telescopic guide rod to be inserted downwards; After the lock is released, the drive spring releases its elastic potential energy, pushing the spring support and the telescopic guide rod to extend downwards quickly; the tapered guide head is inserted into the second guide hole and corrects the lateral deviation under its guiding action until the telescopic guide rod body is fully inserted. The locking sleeve has a radial locking hole in its side wall, and a locking ball and an elastic plate that acts on the locking ball to make it tend to move inward are provided in the locking hole. The telescopic guide rod has an annular locking groove that cooperates with the locking ball. When the telescopic guide rod is inserted downward, its outer wall squeezes the locking ball to make it move outward and compress the elastic plate. When the telescopic guide rod is fully inserted into the annular locking groove and aligned with the locking hole, the locking ball is partially locked into the annular locking groove under the restoring force of the elastic plate, realizing one-way mechanical locking.

[0015] Preferably, in the aforementioned modular building system, at least one automatic reset mechanism is provided between adjacent sub-module units, each automatic reset mechanism is set independently and does not interfere with each other, and one alignment locking mechanism corresponds to one automatic reset mechanism. The automatic reset mechanism includes a pulley disposed on the top of the cylindrical housing, a steel wire rope passing over the pulley, a coil spring device disposed at the bottom of the upper sub-module unit and connected to one end of the steel wire rope, a locking ratchet disposed on the rotating shaft of the coil spring device, and a release mechanism connected to the locking ratchet; the other end of the steel wire rope is connected to the top end of the telescopic guide rod; the release mechanism includes a manually operable release lever and a connecting rod or cable connecting the release lever and the locking ratchet, the release lever being disposed at the longitudinal end of the upper sub-module unit.

[0016] The present invention has at least the following beneficial effects: This invention achieves ultimate flexibility and personalized customization of interior space by completely separating the building's permanent supporting framework from the variable functional infill. Users can freely arrange sub-modules with different functions like building blocks to create unique floor plans, fundamentally breaking the spatial rigidity of traditional buildings. Simultaneously, this system avoids the complex inter-module connection problems of traditional modular buildings. Sub-module units do not require direct structural or enclosing connections; they are independently fixed to the main structure, requiring only joint decoration and sealing, significantly improving the building's integrity and reliability and simplifying construction. Furthermore, this system facilitates the iteration of building functions. With its ability to be updated and ensure full life-cycle sustainability, the system allows for easy replacement of old sub-modules with new ones when needs change or equipment ages, achieving a kind of "metabolism" for the building. It retains the core advantages of efficient modular construction, allowing the main structure and sub-modules to be produced in parallel, requiring only hoisting and sliding on-site, significantly shortening the construction period and improving efficiency. In terms of earthquake resistance, the non-rigid connection between the sub-modules and the main structure, along with the ability to add energy-dissipating devices, alters the transmission path of seismic forces, helping to confine damage to locally replaceable components, protecting the main structure and functional modules, and enabling rapid functional recovery after an earthquake.

[0017] This invention achieves flexible sliding and positioning of sub-module units through an integrated slide rail system, providing a standardized and industrialized connection solution. Its components can be prefabricated and inspected with high precision in the factory, ensuring versatility and interchangeability, and greatly simplifying on-site construction. The specially designed sliding or rolling mechanism and slide rail system can effectively bear the weight of the sub-module unit and minimize the friction during movement, allowing even fully loaded modules to be easily pushed, truly achieving flexible movement. The precision slide rail system provides clear longitudinal guidance for the movement of the sub-module unit, effectively preventing lateral offset or jamming during the sliding process, ensuring that the module can accurately and smoothly reach the preset position, creating favorable conditions for subsequent top fixing, and ensuring spatial layout accuracy and structural stability.

[0018] This invention, through the design of a convex beam cross-section and a pre-embedded first channel steel component, provides a robust installation platform for the slide rail system that is integrated with the main load-bearing beam structure. Its load-bearing capacity and durability are far superior to post-installed guide rails. All slide rail contact surfaces are prefabricated and embedded in the factory according to a unified standard, ensuring that the height of the slide rails in all installation units is consistent and parallel to the axis, laying the foundation for smooth, unobstructed long-distance movement of sub-module units. This design accommodates moving parts within grooves, providing excellent lateral restraint and preventing left-right swaying during module movement. It also mitigates the impact of dust and debris to a certain extent, reducing maintenance requirements and resulting in a clean and aesthetically pleasing overall interface.

[0019] This invention achieves a robust and reliable detachable fixation between the top of the sub-module unit and the main structure through pre-embedded H-shaped steel and angle steel components and high-strength bolts. The resulting rigid nodes effectively transfer loads, ensuring the stability of the module under wind loads or seismic action. The elongated hole design for the connecting bolts provides crucial installation tolerance, allowing for convenient adjustments even with minor dimensional deviations, significantly reducing the stringent requirements for construction precision and improving the installation success rate. The all-bolted connection method makes the top fixation easy to disassemble; when the layout needs to be adjusted or the module replaced, simply loosen the bolts, greatly facilitating the renewal and renovation throughout the building's lifecycle.

[0020] This invention effectively dissipates seismic energy by setting up replaceable energy-dissipating and damping devices between floors, significantly improving the seismic safety and resilience of the building system and protecting the main structure and internal functional modules. This design concentrates potential damage on independent, standardized energy-dissipating components, achieving controllable seismic damage. After an earthquake, structural performance can be quickly restored simply by inspecting and replacing damaged devices, greatly simplifying repair work and reducing the total life-cycle maintenance cost. The energy-dissipating and damping devices are hinged by pins, ensuring their free rotation to adapt to deformation without interfering with the normal vertical load-bearing and horizontal sliding of the sub-module units.

[0021] This invention simplifies and eliminates the need for intrusive pipeline maintenance by centrally arranging the main horizontal pipelines within the beam height gaps between adjacent beams. Maintenance personnel can directly inspect and replace pipelines in public areas, completely solving the pain point of difficult maintenance when pipelines are buried inside the structure. The physical separation of the pipeline system from the sub-module units and the connection through flexible connectors or quick-connect fittings ensure that the pipeline system itself does not need to be modified when moving or replacing sub-module units, greatly supporting the spatial variability and functional iteration of the building. This design facilitates the factory prefabrication and rapid on-site installation of pipelines. The main pipelines can be laid simultaneously with the main structure construction, and the sub-module unit interfaces are standardized, significantly improving the overall construction efficiency and assembly level.

[0022] This invention significantly improves the overall rigidity and lateral resistance of the building system by incorporating lateral force resisting components into the hollow main structure. It can efficiently absorb and dissipate horizontal forces, keeping structural deformation within a safe and permissible range. This provides a stable, reliable, and deformation-controlled environment for the installation and long-term use of internal sub-module units, ensuring the geometric stability of the installed units and reducing the risk of additional internal forces on the sub-module units and their connection nodes due to excessive deformation of the main structure.

[0023] This invention, through an auxiliary support system integrated into the main structure, achieves precise, adjustable, and long-term effective additional support for the local area at the bottom of the sub-module unit. It can flexibly configure support points according to the internal load distribution, effectively improving the stress state of the base plate and reducing the risk of deformation and wear on connecting mechanisms. The system possesses excellent adaptability, easily moving and reconfiguring support points to accommodate changes in indoor furniture layout, always providing the optimal bottom support solution for the sub-module unit. An integrated pressure indicator visualizes the support force, facilitating not only the initial setting of appropriate support force but also providing monitoring functionality during long-term use to ensure support effectiveness. Furthermore, the entire system is concealed and does not occupy indoor space.

[0024] This invention, through the setting of an automatically triggered alignment and locking mechanism, achieves rapid, precise, and automatic longitudinal alignment and temporary fixation between upper and lower sub-module units during the installation phase. This completely eliminates residual movement caused by the bottom sliding connection of the module to be installed, making its position instantly stable. This greatly simplifies and accelerates the subsequent operation of permanent top fixing connection, improving installation accuracy, efficiency, and operational safety. After the building is fully completed, through numerous alignment and locking mechanisms in a locked state, distributed and robust mechanical locking points are established between adjacent upper and lower sub-module units, tightly connecting independent units vertically into an internally interlocking whole. This significantly enhances the overall rigidity and spatial stability of the building system and effectively suppresses relative displacement and swaying between modules under horizontal forces.

[0025] This invention provides a safe, convenient, and power-assisted method for resetting telescopic guide rods by setting an automatic reset mechanism corresponding to the alignment and locking mechanism. This allows the telescopic guide rods to be retracted from the lower locking sleeve and relocked quickly and effortlessly when disassembling sub-module units, thus preparing for the subsequent safe sliding removal of the module. This significantly optimizes the module disassembly and reassembly process and reduces the difficulty and risk of the operation.

[0026] Other advantages, objectives and features of the present invention will become apparent in part from the following description, and in part from those skilled in the art through study and practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of a mother-daughter modular building system; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a sub-module unit embedded in a hollow main structure; Figure 3 This is a structural diagram showing the combination of sub-module units and beams; Figure 4 This is a partial structural diagram showing the combination of sub-module units and beams; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the energy-dissipating and vibration-damping device; Figure 6 It is a structural diagram of a cylindrical shell, a telescopic guide rod, a cross-shaped locking pin, a fixing rod, a return spring, and a pair of inverted L-shaped trigger rods; The reference numerals in the attached drawings are as follows: 1-Main structure, 11-Column, 12-Beam; 2-Sub-module unit; 31-First channel steel embedded part, 32-Roller, 33-Sub-module unit embedded part; 41-Angle steel embedded part, 42-H-shaped steel embedded part, 43-High-strength bolt, 44-Oblong hole; 5-Beam height clearance; 6-Viscous damper; 7-Second channel steel embedded part; 8-Third channel steel embedded part; 91-Cylindrical shell; 92-Telescopic guide rod; 93-Cross-shaped pin; 931-Longitudinal part; 932-Transverse part; 9311-Limiting shoulder; 9321-Allowing hole; 94-Fixing rod; 95-Reset spring; 96-Inverted L-shaped trigger rod. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, so that those skilled in the art can implement it based on the description.

[0029] It should be noted that in the description of this invention, the terms "lateral", "longitudinal", "up", "down", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", and "outer" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0030] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, the present invention provides a mother-daughter modular building system, comprising: The openwork main structure 1, consisting of columns 11 and beams 12 forming a frame-like load-bearing system, has no fixed floor slabs or wall panels inside, creating a continuous, open "openwork" space of one or more floors. The main structure 1 serves as the permanent supporting skeleton of the building, bearing all vertical and horizontal loads. Internally, the main structure 1 forms multiple continuous, open installation units enclosed by columns 11 and beams 12. Each installation unit is defined by four columns 11, two longitudinal beams 12 at the top, two longitudinal beams 12 at the bottom, two transverse beams 12 at both ends of the top, and two transverse beams 12 at both ends of the bottom. Multiple sub-module units 2, each housed within an installation unit, are provided. Each sub-module unit 2 is a combination of independent functional room modules, such as bedroom modules, bathroom modules, kitchen modules, study modules, living room modules, balcony modules, and their combinations. These sub-module units 2 are prefabricated in a factory, with all interior decoration, equipment, and piping installed internally. The bottom sides of each sub-module unit 2 are slidably or rollably connected to two longitudinal beams 12 located at its bottom, and the top sides of each sub-module unit 2 are detachably and fixedly connected to two longitudinal beams 12 located at its top.

[0031] Significant technological bottlenecks exist in the current modular building field. Traditional stacked modular buildings have their internal spaces fixed in the factory, making it difficult for users to change the layout according to their needs after moving in, and failing to respond to the spatial flexibility requirements of changing family structures and evolving lifestyles. Furthermore, existing modules rely on complex structural mechanical connections between their units, requiring solutions for waterproofing, sound insulation, and pipeline connections. These connection nodes are cumbersome to construct and are prone to becoming weak points in quality and performance. More critically, the seismic performance of existing systems is highly dependent on the strength of the connection nodes between modules. Seismic energy is transmitted within the structure through rigid connections, easily leading to overall damage and a cascading failure, making post-earthquake repair extremely difficult.

[0032] To address the aforementioned issues, an innovative building system was proposed, the core of which lies in the complete separation of the building's permanent supporting framework from its variable functional infill. This system first constructs a frame-like, openwork main structure 1 composed of columns 11 and beams 12. This structure has no fixed partitions, forming a continuous, open, and pure space across one or more floors. These spaces are divided into multiple installation units enclosed by beams 12 and columns 11. Complementing the main structure 1 are multiple prefabricated sub-module units 2, each with all interior finishing, equipment, and piping installed, forming a complete functional room. These sub-module units 2 are not rigidly connected to the main structure 1, but rather embedded within it through sliding or rolling connections between their bottom sides and the longitudinal beams 12 at the bottom of the main structure 1. This allows the sub-module units 2 to be easily pushed in or pulled out like drawers. Once the sub-module unit 2 has slid to its designed position, it is finally positioned and fixed through detachable fixed connections between its top sides and the longitudinal beams 12 at the top of the main structure 1.

[0033] The building system is clear and efficient in its operation. First, a hollow main structure 1 is constructed or assembled on-site. Simultaneously, various functional sub-module units 2 are prefabricated in a factory. During construction, hoisting equipment is used to lift the sub-module unit 2 to the corresponding floor level of the main structure 1, aligning its bottom sliding or rolling mechanism with and embedding it into pre-set rails on the longitudinal beam 12 at the bottom of the main structure 1. Then, workers can apply a small force to push the sub-module unit 2, allowing it to slide smoothly on the rails until it reaches the predetermined coordinate position. Finally, the top of the sub-module unit 2 is securely fixed to the longitudinal beam 12 at the top of the main structure 1 using detachable connectors, thus completing the installation of one sub-module unit 2. All sub-module units 2 are installed independently according to this process, without interfering with each other, together forming a complete functional building space.

[0034] This design brings numerous benefits. First, it achieves ultimate flexibility in interior space. Users can freely arrange sub-modules with different functions, such as bedrooms, living rooms, and kitchens, within the main structure 1 "framework" like building blocks, creating unique and personalized apartment layouts and completely breaking away from the spatial rigidity of traditional architecture. Second, it fundamentally avoids the complex problems of inter-module connections, because there are no direct structural or enclosing connections between the various sub-module units 2. They are independently fixed to the main structure 1, requiring only decoration and sealing at the joints, thus significantly improving the reliability of the building and simplifying construction. Third, this system facilitates the iterative updating of building functions. When family needs change or equipment ages, the old sub-module unit 2 can be easily slid out along the rails and replaced with a brand-new functional module, achieving sustainability throughout the building's entire lifecycle. Furthermore, the main structure 1 and sub-module units 2 can be produced in parallel, requiring only hoisting and sliding into place on-site, greatly improving construction efficiency. In terms of earthquake resistance, since the submodule unit 2 is not completely rigidly connected to the main structure 1 and additional energy dissipation devices can be installed, the transmission path of seismic forces is changed, which helps to control the damage to locally replaceable components, protects the main structure and expensive functional modules, and makes it possible to quickly restore functions after the earthquake.

[0035] In another embodiment, in the aforementioned modular building system, the bottom sides of each sub-module unit 2 are slidably or rollingly connected to the two longitudinal beams 12 located at its bottom in the following manner: Sliding or rolling mechanisms are set on both sides of the bottom of the submodule unit 2, and corresponding slide rail systems are set on the two longitudinal beams 12 at the bottom.

[0036] In the concept of enabling the flexible sliding and positioning of submodule unit 2 within the main structure 1, a core implementation challenge is how to concretely and reliably achieve this movable connection. Simple guide designs may not be able to withstand the long-term load from the module's own weight and the wear and tear from repeated movements, and the lack of standardized interfaces will lead to difficulties in on-site installation and debugging, affecting the smoothness of sliding and the final positioning accuracy, thereby restricting the convenience and reliability of flexible spatial adjustment.

[0037] Therefore, based on the hollow main structure 1, which is a frame-type load-bearing system composed of columns 11 and beams 12, and its internal continuously open installation units, the movable connection method of the sub-module unit 2 was specifically and standardized. Each sub-module unit 2, housed within the installation unit, is connected to the two longitudinal beams 12 located at its bottom sides via a defined integrated slide rail system. Specifically, sliding or rolling mechanisms, such as rollers 32 or sliders, are pre-installed on both sides of the bottom of each sub-module unit 2. Simultaneously, slide rail systems precisely matching the aforementioned mechanisms are pre-set at corresponding positions on the two longitudinal beams 12 at the bottom, such as guide rails or channel steel embedded in the beams. When the sub-module unit 2 is hoisted and initially placed, its bottom sliding or rolling mechanisms accurately fall into the corresponding slide rail systems, thus forming a complete and operable sliding interface.

[0038] The system's workflow demonstrates the convenience of industrialized construction. During construction, firstly, it is ensured that the sliding rail system on the bottom longitudinal beam 12 of the main structure 1 is installed and calibrated. Then, the factory-prefabricated sub-module units 2 are hoisted to the corresponding floors. Operators adjust the posture of the sub-module units 2, ensuring that the sliding or rolling mechanisms on both sides of their bottom are precisely aligned with the sliding rail entrances on the beam 12. Subsequently, the sub-module units 2 are slowly lowered, allowing the mechanisms to embed into the sliding rails. Then, construction workers can apply a pushing force along the sliding rail direction, and the sub-module units 2 will slide smoothly on the rails using the bottom mechanism until their outer contours are completely aligned with the design coordinates. After all sub-module units 2 have slid into place in this way, the top of each sub-module unit 2 is detachably and securely connected to its top beam 12, ultimately completing the assembly of the entire floor. This process is clear, efficient, and significantly reduces the technical requirements for workers compared to traditional processes.

[0039] This specific design yields several beneficial effects. First, it provides a standardized, industrialized connection solution, allowing the bottom connecting components of submodule unit 2 and the slide rails on beam 12 of the main structure to be prefabricated and inspected with high precision in the factory, ensuring product versatility and interchangeability, and greatly simplifying on-site construction. Second, the specially designed sliding or rolling mechanism and slide rail system can more effectively bear the weight of submodule unit 2 and minimize friction during movement, enabling even large-sized, fully loaded submodule unit 2 to be easily pushed manually or with simple tools, truly achieving the goal of flexible movement. Furthermore, the precise slide rail system provides clear longitudinal guidance for the movement of submodule unit 2, effectively preventing lateral offset or jamming during sliding, ensuring that the module can accurately and smoothly reach the preset position, creating favorable conditions for subsequent top fixing, thereby guaranteeing the spatial layout accuracy and structural stability of the entire building system.

[0040] In another embodiment, in the aforementioned modular building system, the cross-section of each longitudinal beam 12 is convex; the two sliding rail systems include first channel steel embedded parts 31 pre-embedded at the top of the protrusions of the two longitudinal beams 12 at the bottom; the two sliding or rolling mechanisms include sub-module unit embedded parts 33 pre-embedded on both sides of the bottom of the sub-module unit 2, and rollers 32 or sliders installed at the bottom of the two sub-module unit embedded parts 33, the rollers 32 or sliders being located in the corresponding first channel steel embedded parts 31.

[0041] When further implementing the specific construction of the sliding connection between submodule unit 2 and main structure 1, it is necessary to solve the problem of how to efficiently, firmly, and precisely integrate the sliding mechanism with the main load-bearing structure. Simple additional guide rails may have insufficient connection strength with beam 12 and are prone to loosening and deformation under long-term use. At the same time, it is difficult to unify the installation benchmark of the sliding mechanism, which affects the smoothness and synchronization of the sliding of multiple submodule units 2. Furthermore, the durability and maintainability of the connection nodes also need to be guaranteed.

[0042] This solution provides a more detailed implementation structure. The beams 12 in the main structure 1 adopt a convex cross-section design. Based on this, the integrated system for sliding the sub-module unit 2 consists of two precisely fitted parts. One part is two first channel steel embedded parts 31, which are pre-embedded at the top of the protruding portions of the two bottom longitudinal beams 12. The other part is a sliding or rolling mechanism located on both sides of the bottom of the sub-module unit 2. This mechanism includes sub-module unit embedded parts 33 pre-embedded at the bottom of the sub-module unit 2, and rollers 32 or sliders installed at the bottom of these sub-module unit embedded parts 33. During installation, the rollers 32 or sliders at the bottom of the sub-module unit 2 fall precisely into the corresponding first channel steel embedded parts 31 embedded at the top of the protruding portions of the beams 12, thereby forming a concealed, regular, and protected sliding channel at the protruding portions of the beams 12.

[0043] The system's operation embodies the precision and convenience of industrialized construction. During the construction of the main structure 1, the U-shaped beam 12 and the pre-embedded first channel steel component 31 are cast or prefabricated together. When the sub-module unit 2 is manufactured in the factory, its bottom is pre-installed with sub-module unit embedded components 33 and rollers 32. During on-site installation, the sub-module unit 2 is hoisted to the appropriate height and slowly lowered, ensuring that the rollers 32 on both sides of the unit's bottom are precisely aligned with the entrance of the first channel steel embedded component 31 on the protrusion of the beam 12 below. Once the rollers 32 fall into the first channel steel embedded component 31, the entire weight of the sub-module unit 2 is transferred through the rollers 32 to the first channel steel embedded component 31, and then through the first channel steel embedded component 31 to the beam 12 body. Construction personnel can then easily push the sub-module unit 2, allowing its rollers 32 to smoothly slide along the track defined by the first channel steel embedded component 31 to the target position. After accurate positioning, the top of the sub-module unit 2 is then fixed to the main structure 1, thus completing the installation of one unit. The entire process relies on precision prefabricated components, and on-site operation is simple and intuitive.

[0044] This specific construction brings significant benefits. First, the cross-sectional shape of the convex beam 12 provides a natural, structurally integrated installation platform for its top protrusion, into which the first channel steel embedded part 31 is embedded, making the slide rail system very firmly integrated with the main load-bearing beam 12, becoming part of the beam 12 body. Its load-bearing capacity and durability are far superior to those of later-added guide rails. Second, all sliding contact surfaces, i.e., the inner groove surface of the first channel steel embedded part 31, are prefabricated in the factory according to a unified benchmark. This ensures that the slide rail height is consistent and the axes are parallel in all installation units, laying a solid foundation for the smooth and jam-free long-distance movement of the sub-module unit 2. Furthermore, the rollers 32 or sliders run within the first channel steel embedded part 31, whose sidewalls provide good lateral restraint, preventing the sub-module unit 2 from swaying left and right during movement and ensuring the straightness accuracy of the movement path. In addition, this design, which accommodates moving parts within grooves, to some extent avoids dust and debris falling directly onto the rollers 32, reducing maintenance needs, and resulting in a clean and aesthetically pleasing overall interface.

[0045] In another embodiment, in the aforementioned modular building system, the top sides of the sub-module unit 2 are detachably and fixedly connected to the two longitudinal beams 12 located at its top by the following method: H-beam steel embedded parts 42 are pre-embedded on the lower inner side of the protrusions of the two longitudinal beams 12 at the top, and angle steel embedded parts 41 are pre-embedded on both sides of the top of the submodule unit 2. The angle steel embedded parts 41 and the H-beam steel embedded parts 42 are fixedly connected by bolts passing through the elongated holes 44 on both. The fixing device is formed by the angle steel embedded parts 41, the H-beam steel embedded parts 42, and the high-strength bolts 43.

[0046] While ensuring that submodule unit 2 can slide and be positioned flexibly, another key to ensuring the overall stability and spatial variability of the building is how to achieve a fixed connection between its top and the main structure 1 that is both firm and reliable and easy to disassemble. Traditional rigid connection methods are difficult to adapt to the dimensional deviations that may exist in industrialized prefabricated components, and are not convenient for future replacement or rearrangement of submodule unit 2. A detachable connection scheme that allows for minor adjustments and can withstand structural loads is needed.

[0047] Based on the hollow main structure 1, which is a frame-type load-bearing system composed of columns 11 and beams 12, the cross-section of beams 12 is convex. Sub-module unit 2 is slidably connected by bottom rollers 32 and first channel steel embedded parts 31 pre-embedded in the top of the protrusion of the bottom longitudinal beam 12. The top fixed connection is achieved through a precise pre-embedded part docking method. Specifically, H-shaped steel embedded parts 42 are pre-embedded on the lower inner side of the protrusion of the two top longitudinal beams 12, and angle steel embedded parts 41 are pre-embedded on both sides of the top of sub-module unit 2. During connection, high-strength bolts 43 are inserted into the corresponding elongated holes 44 on the angle steel embedded parts 41 and H-shaped steel embedded parts 42, and the two are firmly connected by tightening nuts, thereby anchoring the top of sub-module unit 2 to the beams 12 of the main structure 1.

[0048] The method of using this fixing device is closely integrated with the installation process of the entire system. After the submodule unit 2 slides along the first channel steel embedded part 31 to the predetermined coordinate via the bottom roller 32, the angle steel embedded parts 41 embedded on both sides of its top are roughly aligned with the H-shaped steel embedded parts 42 embedded on the longitudinal beam 12 at the top of the main structure 1. The construction personnel use high-strength bolts 43, first passing the bolts through the elongated holes 44 on the angle steel embedded parts 41, and then aligning and passing them through the corresponding elongated holes 44 on the H-shaped steel embedded parts 42. Since the elongated holes 44 provide adjustment space, the bolt insertion operation can be easily completed. Subsequently, a nut is screwed on the other end of the bolt, and a wrench is used to tighten it to the designed torque, so that the angle steel embedded parts 41 and the H-shaped steel embedded parts 42 fit tightly together, thus completing the final fixing of the top of the submodule unit 2. The whole process is simple to operate, uses conventional tools, and achieves efficient and reliable prefabricated connection.

[0049] This specific connection structure yields several beneficial effects. First, both the H-beam embedded part 42 and the angle steel embedded part 41 are pre-embedded in the factory, ensuring the reliability and consistency of the connection strength. The rigid node they form can effectively transfer loads, ensuring the stability of submodule unit 2 under wind loads or seismic action. Second, the design of the elongated hole 44 through which the connecting bolts pass provides crucial installation tolerance. Even with minor dimensional deviations in factory prefabrication or on-site installation, adjustments can be easily made by longitudinally moving the bolts within the elongated hole 44, ensuring that submodule unit 2 can smoothly reach its final design position and be fixed, significantly reducing the stringent requirements for construction precision and improving the installation success rate. Furthermore, this bolt-based connection method is essentially detachable. When it is necessary to adjust the interior layout or replace submodule unit 2, simply loosening the bolts releases the top fixation, and then, combined with the bottom sliding mechanism, allows submodule unit 2 to be moved out, greatly facilitating the renewal and renovation throughout the building's lifecycle.

[0050] In another embodiment, the modular building system also includes an energy-dissipating and vibration-damping device; third channel steel embedded parts 8 are pre-embedded on the upper inner side of the protrusions of the two longitudinal beams 12 at the bottom, and second channel steel embedded parts 7 are pre-embedded on both sides of the bottom of the sub-module unit 2; the two ends of the energy-dissipating and vibration-damping device are respectively hinged to the third channel steel embedded parts 8 and the second channel steel embedded parts 7 by pins.

[0051] The seismic performance of traditional modular building systems relies heavily on rigid connections between modules and between modules and the main structure. Under earthquake conditions, energy is transferred and accumulates throughout the structure via these connections, easily leading to irreversible damage or even cascading collapses, resulting in a domino effect of damage. Post-earthquake inspection and repair of these damaged rigid connections are extremely difficult and costly, severely impacting the building's functional recovery speed and safety. Therefore, a seismic damping mechanism is needed that can effectively dissipate seismic energy, protect the main load-bearing structure and internal functional modules, and is easily repairable and replaceable after damage.

[0052] Based on the system of the main structure 1 composed of U-shaped beams 12 providing sliding connections, an interlayer replaceable energy-dissipating and damping device is introduced to improve seismic performance. Specifically, third channel steel embedded parts 8 are pre-embedded on the upper inner side of the protrusions of the two bottom longitudinal beams 12, and second channel steel embedded parts 7 are pre-embedded on both sides of the bottom of the sub-module unit 2. The energy-dissipating and damping device, such as a viscous damper 6, is hinged at both ends to the third channel steel embedded parts 8 and the second channel steel embedded parts 7 via pins. In this way, the energy-dissipating and damping device is laterally connected between the beams 12 of the main structure and the bottom of the sub-module unit 2.

[0053] The method of using this energy-dissipating and vibration-damping device is integrated into the building system's installation process. During the construction of the main structure 1, the third channel steel embedded part 8 is pre-embedded along with the U-shaped beam 12. During the factory prefabrication of the sub-module unit 2, the second channel steel embedded part 7 is also accurately pre-embedded on both sides of the bottom of the sub-module unit 2. After the sub-module unit 2 is slid to its designed position via the bottom rollers 32 and its top is fixed, the energy-dissipating and vibration-damping device can be installed. During installation, the connecting hole at one end of the viscous damper 6 is hinged to the second channel steel embedded part 7 on the sub-module unit 2 via a pin, and the connecting hole at the other end is hinged to the third channel steel embedded part 8 on the beam 12 via another pin. Finally, the locking component of the pin is installed and tightened. Each sub-module unit 2 typically has such devices symmetrically arranged on both sides of its bottom. Once installed, the energy-dissipating and vibration-damping device is ready for operation. In future use, if maintenance, performance upgrades, or post-earthquake replacement are required, simply remove the pin to remove the old energy-dissipating shock absorber and replace it with the new one. The operating space is relatively open and the process is simple.

[0054] The above-mentioned design brings about several beneficial effects. The most significant effect is a substantial improvement in the seismic safety and resilience of the building system. When an earthquake causes relative displacement between the main structure and sub-module unit 2, the energy-dissipating damping device immediately activates, converting some of the seismic energy into heat through its internal damping material or friction mechanism. This effectively reduces the seismic force transmitted to the main structure and sub-module unit 2 itself. This protects the permanent support structure of the main frame and the expensive internal functional room modules, concentrating potential damage on specific, designable energy-dissipating components. Secondly, this design achieves controllable and easily repairable seismic damage. As an independent, standardized component, the damage mode of the energy-dissipating damping device is predictable and easily identifiable. After an earthquake, simply inspecting and replacing the damaged energy-dissipating damping device quickly restores the structure's seismic performance, avoiding the repair difficulties of concealed and complex nodes in traditional structures. This greatly simplifies post-earthquake repair work and reduces the maintenance cost throughout the entire life cycle. Furthermore, the hinged connection achieved through the pin shaft ensures that the energy-dissipating and shock-absorbing device can rotate freely in the plane to adapt to deformation, while also preventing it from interfering with the vertical load-bearing and horizontal movement of the submodule unit 2 during normal use and sliding.

[0055] In another embodiment, in the aforementioned modular building system, the main horizontal pipelines of the building are centrally arranged in the beam height gap 5 between adjacent beams 12, and connected to the reserved interfaces at the top or bottom of the sub-module unit 2 through flexible connectors or quick-connect fittings.

[0056] In traditional buildings and some existing modular buildings, pipeline systems are typically embedded in walls or floors, or integrated within the modular units. This leads to two main problems: first, maintenance, repair, or upgrades of the pipelines require damage to the finishes or even the structure, a cumbersome and costly process; second, if the spatial layout of the modular units needs adjustment, the fixed pipeline routes within them become a major obstacle, severely restricting the realization of spatial flexibility. This deep integration of pipelines with the structure makes sustainable building renovations exceptionally difficult.

[0057] Based on the open main structure 1 of the modular building system, which consists of columns 11 and beams 12 forming a frame-type load-bearing system, and its internal continuous open installation units, an innovative pipeline system layout and connection scheme is proposed. In this building system, the main horizontal pipelines, including water supply, drainage, electrical, and ventilation ducts, are no longer scattered within the sub-module units 2, but are centrally located and uniformly laid within the beam height gap 5 between adjacent beams 12. This continuous gap space forms an independent equipment mezzanine. Each sub-module unit 2 has standardized reserved interfaces at the top or bottom. The main pipelines centrally located within the beam height gap 5 are connected to these reserved interfaces on the sub-module units 2 via flexible connectors or quick-connect fittings, thereby supplying water and electricity to each functional module and disposing of wastewater.

[0058] The implementation method of this pipeline system is clear and efficient. First, during the construction of the main structure 1, a beam height gap 5 is reserved between the upper and lower beams 12. Within this gap, the main lines of various horizontal pipelines are laid and fixed in a centralized manner according to the design drawings. Pipeline outlets with relevant shut-off valves or connectors are reserved above or below the installation position of each future sub-module unit 2. Subsequently, during the installation of sub-module unit 2, after it is moved and fixed to the designed position via the sliding rail system, construction personnel operate from within the beam height gap 5 to connect the reserved pipeline outlets to the standardized reserved interfaces at the top or bottom of sub-module unit 2 via a flexible connector or a dedicated quick-connect fitting. After connection, system testing is conducted to ensure that the supply of water, electricity, gas, and ventilation is normal and leak-free. In the future, when maintenance or replacement of sub-module unit 2 is required, the operation is reversed: close the valve, disconnect the flexible connector, or press the release buckle of the quick-connect fitting to safely remove the sub-module unit 2. The entire process has no impact on the main pipeline system or other resident units.

[0059] This pipeline layout offers multiple benefits. The most direct effect is the simplification and non-intrusiveness of pipeline maintenance. Since all major horizontal pipelines are concentrated and exposed within the beam-height gaps 5 in the public areas, maintenance personnel can access and inspect, replace, or upgrade pipelines directly from the public corridors or equipment rooms without entering residents' homes, completely resolving the industry pain point of difficult maintenance for pipelines buried within the structure. Secondly, this design greatly supports the building's spatial variability and functional iteration. Because the pipelines and sub-module units 2 are separate and connected via flexible connectors or quick-connect fittings, when a sub-module unit 2 needs to be moved or replaced, simply disconnect the corresponding flexible connector or quick-connect fitting to slide the sub-module unit 2 out, and then reconnect it after the new sub-module unit 2 is in place. The pipeline system itself requires no modification, making unit type changes and functional upgrades exceptionally convenient. In addition, this centralized layout method is conducive to the factory prefabrication and rapid on-site installation of pipelines. The main pipeline can be laid simultaneously during the construction of the main structure 1, and the interface of the sub-module unit 2 is also standardized. The on-site docking workload is small and the precision is high, which significantly improves the overall construction efficiency and the level of assembly.

[0060] In another embodiment, the hollow main structure 1 in the parent-child modular building system further includes lateral force resisting components.

[0061] During the design phase, the type, material, and location of the lateral force resisting components are determined based on the building's height, shape, and fortification requirements. During construction, the lateral force resisting components are built simultaneously with the columns 11 and beams 12 of the main structure 1. For example, if reinforced concrete shear walls are used, they are reinforced, formworked, and cast together with the surrounding beams 12 and columns 11; if steel supports are used, they are prefabricated in the factory and welded or bolted together on-site with the steel beams 12 and columns 11 to form a unified structure. Once the hollow main structure 1, including the lateral force resisting components, is fully formed and reaches its design strength, a robust and stable spatial grid is created. Afterward, the sub-module units 2 can be hoisted and slid into the installation unit formed by the beams 12 and columns 11 via a bottom mechanism, and then secured at the top. During use, the lateral force resisting components continue to function, silently resisting horizontal loads and protecting the flexible layout of the internal sub-module units 2. The overall user experience is identical to that without lateral force resisting components, but safety is fundamentally enhanced.

[0062] In another embodiment, the aforementioned mother-daughter modular building system also includes: Auxiliary support system, which includes: A pair of parallel support rails are fixed to the upper surfaces of the two transverse beams 12 at the bottom and extend along the length of the transverse beams 12. At least one rigid sliding mounting beam has a sliding support at the bottom of each end, the sliding support slidingly engaging with a support rail on the corresponding side, allowing the rigid sliding mounting beam to move along the length of the support rail; the sliding support is provided with at least one position locking mechanism, the position locking mechanism including a locking screw that can be screwed into the sliding support and has its front end abut against the side of the support rail; the rigid sliding mounting beam has at least one mounting position along its length, and a support unit is detachably mounted at the mounting position; the support unit includes: The base is detachably fixed to the mounting position of the rigid sliding mounting beam; The sleeve is vertically fixed to the base; The support rod has its lower end inserted into the sleeve. The mating surface between the support rod and the sleeve has a polygonal cross-section to prevent relative rotation. A rack and pinion lifting mechanism includes a rack vertically fixed to the side of a support rod, a gear meshing with the rack, and a fine-tuning handwheel that drives the gear to rotate. The gear is mounted on a sleeve via a rotating shaft. A one-way locking mechanism includes a ratchet and a resilient pawl; the ratchet is fixedly mounted on the same shaft as the gear and rotates synchronously with the gear; the resilient pawl is set on a sleeve and, under its own weight or the action of a spring, engages in the tooth groove of the ratchet, allowing the gear to rotate in one direction to lift the support rod, and is locked when rotating in the opposite direction; A rigid support assembly includes a pressure-bearing top plate; the pressure-bearing top plate is coaxially fixed to the upper end of the support rod, and its central axis coincides with the axis of the support rod; the upper surface of the pressure-bearing top plate is a flat pressure-bearing surface, and a composite pad layer with both elasticity and wear resistance is applied to the pressure-bearing surface. The pressure indicator includes a pressure sensor and a display; the pressure sensor is located on the force transmission path between the pressure plate and the support rod to sense the axial support force; the display is located on the outer wall of the sleeve to display the pressure value measured by the pressure sensor.

[0063] After submodule unit 2 slides along longitudinal beam 12 to the target position and is fixed, the rigid sliding mounting beam is moved along the support guide rail to a preset position in the area of ​​transverse beam 12 at the bottom of submodule unit 2, and the position is fixed by locking screws against the side of the support guide rail; the support unit is installed and the base is fixed at the corresponding installation position of the rigid sliding mounting beam; the gear is driven to rotate by fine adjustment handwheel, which drives the rack and support rod to rise until the composite pad on the pressure plate contacts and presses against the bottom of submodule unit 2, at which point the pressure sensor detects the pressure value; when the support force reaches the predetermined value, the elastic pawl engages in the tooth groove of the ratchet to prevent the gear from reversing and the support rod from falling back; the magnitude of the support force is monitored by the display of the pressure indicator; multiple rigid sliding mounting beams with independent support units can be set on the support guide rail at the same time to provide multi-point auxiliary support for different parts of the same submodule unit 2.

[0064] During the long-term use of the modular building system, although each sub-module unit 2 is installed within the main structure 1 via a detachable fixed connection at the top and a sliding connection at the bottom, uneven load distribution may still exist within it. For example, the area at the bottom of sub-module unit 2 corresponding to the placement of heavy wardrobes, large beds, or dense bookcases will bear significant concentrated loads. This long-term localized heavy pressure may be transmitted through the bottom plate of sub-module unit 2 to the limited sliding or rolling connection points on both sides of its bottom, potentially causing minor deformation in the bottom plate area or additional fatigue stress on the connection mechanism, affecting long-term service quality and structural durability.

[0065] To this end, an auxiliary support system was integrated into the hollow main structure 1, which is a frame-type load-bearing system composed of columns 11 and beams 12. This system includes a pair of parallel support rails fixed to the upper surface of the bottom transverse beams 12, and a rigid sliding mounting beam that can move along the rails. This mounting beam is engaged and fixed to the rails via sliding supports with locking screws. The rigid sliding mounting beam has multiple mounting positions for installing detachable support units. Each support unit consists of a base, sleeve, support rod, rack and pinion lifting mechanism, one-way locking mechanism, pressure-bearing top plate with composite padding, pressure sensor, and display.

[0066] This auxiliary support system, as a built-in function of the building system, is closely integrated into daily life. After residents move in and furnish the space, the rigid sliding mounting beams can be moved to the corresponding support rails and locked, based on the location of heavy furniture. Then, the appropriate number of support units are installed, and the pressure-bearing top plate is raised until it contacts the base plate of submodule unit 2 using the fine-tuning handwheel. Further fine-tuning continues until the pressure display shows the preset support force value, at which point the one-way locking mechanism automatically locks. The system can then operate long-term, providing stable auxiliary support to the base plate. If the furniture position changes in the future, the one-way locking can be released first, the support rods can be finely adjusted and lowered, the rigid sliding mounting beams moved to the new position, and the above setup process repeated. The entire process is convenient for users or property management personnel to operate, requiring no large tools or complex construction, giving the building an "adaptive skeleton" that adjusts to changes in time and needs.

[0067] This auxiliary support system provides crucial enhanced protection and functional expansion during the building's daily use. Its core effect is to achieve precise, adjustable, and long-term effective additional support for the bottom local area of ​​submodule unit 2. The system can flexibly move directly beneath the heavy-load area based on the furniture arrangement and load distribution within each submodule unit 2. Through fine-tuning, the pressure-bearing top plate is brought into close contact with the submodule unit 2's bottom plate, applying an appropriate pre-support force. This distributes some of the concentrated load to the core sliding connection point, effectively improving the stress state of the submodule unit 2's bottom plate and significantly reducing the risk of bottom plate deformation or excessive wear of the connecting mechanism due to long-term heavy pressure, thus improving the unit's overall rigidity and durability. Secondly, the system possesses excellent adaptability. When users adjust the interior furniture layout, causing changes in the load concentration area, the support points can be easily moved and reconfigured, always providing the optimal bottom support solution for submodule unit 2. The pressure indicator can not only be used to adjust the appropriate support force during initial setup but also provides monitoring functionality during long-term use, allowing users or maintenance personnel to intuitively understand the support status and ensure support effectiveness. Furthermore, the integrated system is concealed within the main structure 1, does not occupy indoor living space, and only functions when needed, achieving a balance between enhanced functionality and spatial aesthetics.

[0068] In another embodiment, in the aforementioned modular building system, at least one alignment locking mechanism is provided between adjacent vertical sub-module units 2; each alignment locking mechanism is independently provided and does not interfere with each other; such as Figure 6 As shown, the alignment locking mechanism includes: A cylindrical housing 91 is fixed to the bottom of the upper sub-module unit 2, and its lower end is open; a spring seat is provided at the top inside the cylindrical housing 91; a first guide hole extending longitudinally is provided on the side wall of the cylindrical housing 91. The telescopic guide rod 92 has its upper end slidably inserted vertically through the lower opening of the cylindrical housing 91 and extends into the cylindrical housing 91. The bottom of the telescopic guide rod 92 is provided with a tapered guide head. The upper end of the telescopic guide rod 92 is provided with a radially protruding spring support. A drive spring is disposed inside the cylindrical housing 91. The drive spring is sleeved on the outer periphery of the rod segment of the telescopic guide rod 92 located above the spring support. The lower end of the drive spring abuts against the spring support, and the upper end abuts against the spring seat fixed to the top of the cylindrical housing 91. A cross-shaped locking pin 93 includes a longitudinal portion 931 and a transverse portion 932 perpendicular to the longitudinal portion 931; the front end of the longitudinal portion 931 (e.g., Figure 6The arrows indicate the sliding direction when the submodule unit 2 is pushed into the installation unit. The submodule unit 2 (front and rear) is slidably inserted into the first guide hole. The rear end of the longitudinal part 931 is located outside the cylindrical shell 91. The transverse part 932 is located between the front and rear ends of the longitudinal part 931 and outside the cylindrical shell 91. The longitudinal part 931 has a radially protruding limiting shoulder 9311 on the rod segment located outside the cylindrical shell 91 and adjacent to the rear end of the first guide hole. The transverse part 932 has a pair of symmetrical clearance holes 9321 at both ends. A fixing rod 94 is vertically arranged and fixed to the bottom of the upper sub-module unit 2; a through hole is provided on the fixing rod 94, and the through hole passes through the fixing rod 94 longitudinally; A return spring 95 is sleeved on the rear end of the longitudinal portion 931. The front end of the return spring 95 abuts against the transverse portion 932, and the rear end abuts against the fixing rod 94. The return spring 95 is in a compressed state, providing the cross-shaped locking pin 93 with a spring force that causes the longitudinal portion 931 to move forward. The telescopic guide rod 92 has an annular groove on its body corresponding to the height of the front end of the longitudinal part 931. When the telescopic guide rod 92 is in the retracted position, the front end of the longitudinal part 931 passes through the first guide hole and is engaged in the annular groove under the push of the return spring 95, and the rear end of the longitudinal part 931 passes through the through hole on the fixing rod 94. The limiting shoulder 9311 abuts against the outer wall of the cylindrical shell 91, thereby locking the telescopic guide rod 92. A pair of inverted L-shaped trigger rods 96 are symmetrically fixed to the top of the lower submodule unit 2 and correspond to a predetermined position on the sliding path of the upper submodule unit 2. Each inverted L-shaped trigger rod 96 includes a vertical part and a horizontal part fixed to the top of the vertical part. The horizontal part is arranged longitudinally and is located behind the vertical part. The cross-sectional dimension of the horizontal part should be slightly smaller than the dimension of the clearance hole 9321, and the rear end of the horizontal part can be designed to be tapered so that the horizontal part can be easily inserted into the clearance hole 9321. When the lower submodule unit 2 is installed, and the upper submodule unit 2 slides longitudinally toward the installation position, the cross-shaped locking pin 93 moves forward together with the upper submodule unit 2. During the sliding of the upper submodule unit 2, the horizontal portions of the pair of inverted L-shaped trigger rods 96 are respectively inserted into the clearance holes 9321 at both ends of the horizontal portion 932 of the cross-shaped locking pin 93. When the vertical portion contacts the front edge of the clearance hole 9321, it prevents the cross-shaped locking pin 93 from moving forward, causing the cross-shaped locking pin 93 to move backward relative to the cylindrical housing 91 against the elastic force of the return spring 95. The front end of the longitudinal portion 931 exits from the annular groove of the telescopic guide rod 92 and the first guide hole on the cylindrical housing 91, and the rear end of the longitudinal portion 931 slides backward along the through hole of the fixing rod 94, thereby releasing the locking of the telescopic guide rod 92. A locking sleeve is fixed to the top of the lower submodule unit 2, and the locking sleeve has a second guide hole into which the tapered guide head at the lower end of the telescopic guide rod 92 is inserted downward. After the lock is released, the drive spring releases its elastic potential energy, pushing the spring support and the telescopic guide rod 92 to extend downwards quickly; the tapered guide head is inserted into the second guide hole and corrects the lateral deviation under its guiding action until the telescopic guide rod 92 is fully inserted. The locking sleeve has a radial locking hole in its side wall, and a locking ball and an elastic plate that acts on the locking ball to make it tend to move inward are provided in the locking hole. The telescopic guide rod 92 has an annular locking groove that cooperates with the locking ball. When the telescopic guide rod 92 is inserted downward, its outer wall squeezes the locking ball to make it move outward and compress the elastic plate. When the telescopic guide rod 92 is fully inserted into the annular locking groove and aligned with the locking hole, the locking ball is partially stuck into the annular locking groove under the restoring force of the elastic plate, realizing one-way mechanical locking.

[0069] During the installation and long-term use of the parent-child modular building system, adjacent sub-module units 2 not only need to achieve rapid and precise longitudinal alignment and connection during hoisting, but also need to form a solid and reliable implicit connection after all installations are completed to improve the overall stability and spatial collaborative stress performance of the building system. In traditional modular buildings, stacked modules often rely solely on gravity and peripheral connections, lacking active, mechanical vertical interlocking. This can lead to relative displacement or separation between modules under horizontal forces, affecting overall rigidity and the psychological sense of security of residents. Especially during the installation phase, when each sub-module unit 2 is initially positioned only through sliding or rolling connections between its bottom sides and the bottom longitudinal beam 12, this connection itself allows for a certain degree of relative movement to facilitate sliding. However, this also means that the spatial position of the sub-module unit 2 is not completely rigidly fixed before the final top is fixed, making it susceptible to slight movement due to external forces or operational influences. This uncertainty makes it difficult to subsequently make detachable and fixed connections between the two sides of the top of each submodule unit 2 and the two longitudinal beams 12 located on top of it. This is because it is necessary to precisely align the connectors on the top of the submodule unit 2, which may be slightly swaying, with the connectors on the main structure beam 12 and insert bolts in a high-altitude or confined space. This is time-consuming, labor-intensive, and poses safety hazards.

[0070] To address the aforementioned challenges in installation and connection, an alignment and locking mechanism is installed between adjacent upper and lower sub-module units 2. This mechanism primarily comprises a cylindrical housing 91 fixed to the bottom of the upper sub-module unit 2 and a vertically sliding telescopic guide rod 92, with a tapered guide head at the bottom of the telescopic guide rod 92. A drive spring is installed within the cylindrical housing 91 to provide downward thrust, and the telescopic guide rod 92 is pre-locked in the retracted position through the cooperation of a cross-shaped locking pin 93 and a return spring 95. The longitudinal portion 931 of the cross-shaped locking pin 93 passes through a first guide hole in the side wall of the cylindrical housing 91, its front end engaging with the annular groove of the telescopic guide rod 92 for locking, while its rear end is controlled by the return spring 95. A pair of inverted L-shaped trigger rods 96 are fixed at a predetermined position on the top of the lower sub-module unit 2 corresponding to the sliding path of the upper unit. When the upper submodule unit 2 slides into place, the lateral portion 932 of its following cross-shaped locking pin 93 contacts the vertical portion of the inverted L-shaped trigger rod 96, triggering the cross-shaped locking pin 93 to move backward, thereby releasing the lock on the telescopic guide rod 92. A locking sleeve is also fixed to the top of the lower submodule unit 2, containing a locking steel ball with an elastic plate inside. After the lock is released, the drive spring pushes the telescopic guide rod 92 to extend downward quickly. Its tapered guide head inserts into the guide hole of the locking sleeve to automatically correct the lateral deviation until the telescopic guide rod 92 is fully inserted. At this point, the annular locking groove on the telescopic guide rod 92 aligns with the locking hole, and the locking steel ball, under the action of the elastic plate, engages in the annular locking groove, achieving one-way mechanical locking.

[0071] The operation of this alignment locking mechanism is fully integrated into the installation process and final state of the building of submodule unit 2. During factory prefabrication, each submodule unit 2 has the corresponding components of the alignment locking mechanism pre-installed in the designated positions. During on-site installation, as the upper submodule unit 2 slides along the bottom rail to the designed position, the alignment locking mechanism is automatically triggered the instant it reaches the precise coordinates. Specifically, the inverted L-shaped trigger rod 96 forces the cross-shaped locking pin 93 to move backward to unlock, then the drive spring is released instantaneously, pushing the telescopic guide rod 92 downward at high speed. The conical guide head accurately inserts into the locking sleeve of the lower submodule unit 2, and automatically corrects the final lateral alignment error under the guidance, finally completing the mechanical locking by tightening the locking steel ball. This process occurs before the top fixing operation of submodule unit 2, resulting in a tight, shear-resistant, temporary vertical fixation between the upper and lower submodule units 2 achieved by one or more alignment locking mechanisms before the construction personnel begin the top detachable fixing connection (such as tightening the high-strength bolts 43). This completely eliminates any residual movement caused by the bottom sliding connection of the submodule unit 2 to be installed, instantly making its position stable and reliable in three-dimensional space. Construction workers can then easily and safely align and tighten the top connectors without additional support or adjustment of the module position. After all submodule units 2 are installed, the numerous alignment and locking mechanisms distributed throughout the floors are locked, forming a concealed, continuous vertical connection network between the upper and lower submodule units 2. This network, together with the main structure 1 frame and the top fixing points of the submodule units 2 themselves, makes the building a more stable whole. This connection is permanently maintained under normal conditions; however, if it needs to be released due to extreme circumstances or special requirements, it must be operated in conjunction with the automatic reset mechanism.

[0072] This alignment and locking mechanism has produced a series of significant benefits. Its core effect is a phased and multi-dimensional improvement in the performance of the building system. During installation, the mechanism first acts as an intelligent temporary stabilizing device, solving the problem of unstable positioning of sub-module unit 2 due to its sliding bottom connection. It instantly secures the potentially swaying module, greatly simplifying and accelerating the subsequent permanent top fixing operation, improving installation accuracy, efficiency, and operational safety. In the long-term use phase, these distributed mechanical locking points tightly connect the independent sub-module units 2 vertically, forming an internally interlocking whole, significantly enhancing the overall stiffness and spatial stability of the building system. This implicit vertical interconnection, working in conjunction with the lateral force resisting system of the main structure 1 and the horizontal fixing points at the top of the sub-module unit 2, effectively suppresses relative displacement and swaying between sub-module units 2 when resisting horizontal wind loads or seismic forces. It couples more independent units into a unified whole to share the load, thereby improving the overall integrity, safety, and perceived quality of life for residents. The fully automatic nature of this alignment and locking mechanism from triggering to locking ensures the reliability and consistency of the connection, and its concealed design does not occupy any internal space, nor does it affect the building's aesthetics or functional layout.

[0073] In another embodiment, in the aforementioned modular building system, at least one automatic reset mechanism is provided between adjacent sub-module units 2. Each automatic reset mechanism is set independently and does not interfere with each other. One alignment locking mechanism corresponds to one automatic reset mechanism. The automatic reset mechanism includes a pulley disposed on the top of the cylindrical housing 91, a steel wire rope passing over the pulley, a coil spring device disposed at the bottom of the upper sub-module unit 2 and connected to one end of the steel wire rope, a locking ratchet disposed on the rotating shaft of the coil spring device, and a release mechanism connected to the locking ratchet; the other end of the steel wire rope is connected to the top end of the telescopic guide rod 92; the release mechanism includes a manually operable release lever and a connecting rod or cable connecting the release lever and the locking ratchet, the release lever being disposed at the longitudinal end of the upper sub-module unit 2; When the telescopic guide rod 92 is pushed downward by the drive spring, the wire rope is pulled out, the coil spring device stores energy, and the locking ratchet prevents reverse rotation under the action of the self-locking pawl. When it is necessary to pull the telescopic guide rod 92 back from the locking sleeve, the release lever is operated, and the self-locking pawl is disengaged from the locking ratchet through the connecting rod or cable. The coil spring device releases energy to retract the wire rope, and the wire rope pulls the telescopic guide rod 92 upward. When the telescopic guide rod 92 moves upward, the annular locking groove inclined surface on the outer wall of its rod body squeezes the locking steel ball, overcoming the action of the elastic plate. Forcefully push the locking steel ball out of the annular locking groove, thereby pulling the telescopic guide rod 92 back from the locking sleeve to the cylindrical housing 91; when the telescopic guide rod 92 is pulled back to the annular groove and aligned with the first guide hole, the upper sub-module unit 2 moves backward, causing the vertical part of the L-shaped trigger rod 96 to separate from the horizontal part 932 of the cross-shaped latch 93, and the longitudinal part 931 of the cross-shaped latch 93 automatically springs into the annular groove under the action of the return spring 95, and the limiting shoulder 9311 abuts against the outer wall of the cylindrical housing 91, relocking the telescopic guide rod 92.

[0074] In a modular building system with parent and child modules, after adjacent sub-module units 2 are connected via an automatic alignment and locking mechanism, a new operational challenge arises when the upper sub-module unit 2 needs to be disassembled for functional updates, maintenance, or spatial reorganization: how to safely and effortlessly disengage the downward-extended and mechanically locked telescopic guide rod 92 from the locking sleeve of the lower unit and retract it to its initial retracted state, locked by the cross-shaped latch 93, so that the sub-module unit 2 can slide out along the slide rail in the opposite direction. The lack of a dedicated reset mechanism makes the disassembly process cumbersome, potentially requiring multiple people to collaborate and use external tools to forcibly lift and unlock, posing operational risks and resulting in low efficiency.

[0075] Therefore, an automatic reset mechanism is further provided between the upper and lower adjacent sub-module units 2 that already have an alignment and locking mechanism. This automatic reset mechanism mainly includes a pulley located at the top of the cylindrical housing 91, a steel wire rope passing over the pulley, a coil spring device located at the bottom of the upper sub-module unit 2 and connected to one end of the steel wire rope, a locking ratchet located on the rotating shaft of the coil spring device, and a release mechanism connected to the locking ratchet. The other end of the steel wire rope is connected to the top of the telescopic guide rod 92. The release mechanism includes a manually operable release rod and a connecting rod or cable connecting the release rod and the locking ratchet. The release rod is located at an easily accessible position at the longitudinal end of the upper sub-module unit 2.

[0076] The operation of this automatic reset mechanism is closely linked to the disassembly requirements of the positioning and locking mechanism. When it is confirmed that a certain upper sub-module unit 2 needs to be removed, the operator first walks to the easily accessible longitudinal end of that sub-module unit 2 and operates the release lever located there. The action of the release lever is transmitted through a connecting rod or cable, causing the self-locking pawl to disengage from the locking ratchet. The coil spring device then releases its stored energy and quickly retracts the wire rope. The wire rope is redirected through a pulley, pulling the top of the telescopic guide rod 92 upward. As the telescopic guide rod 92 begins to move upward, the inclined surface of the annular locking groove on the outer wall of its rod body will squeeze the locking steel ball in the locking sleeve, overcoming the force of the elastic plate and forcing the locking steel ball outward from the annular locking groove, thereby releasing the one-way mechanical lock with the locking sleeve, allowing the telescopic guide rod 92 to move upward smoothly. The coil spring continues to contract, pulling the telescopic guide rod 92 completely out of the lower locking sleeve and retracting it into the cylindrical housing 91. When the telescopic guide rod 92 is pulled back until the annular groove on its body aligns with the first guide hole on the side wall of the cylindrical housing 91, the longitudinal portion 931 of the cross-shaped locking pin 93 automatically springs forward into the annular groove under the action of the return spring 95. At the same time, the limiting shoulder 9311 abuts against the outer wall of the cylindrical housing 91, thereby relocking the telescopic guide rod 92 in the retracted position. After the reset and relocking are completed, subsequent operations can be safely performed, such as loosening the fixed connection between the top of the submodule unit 2 and the main structure 1, and sliding the submodule unit 2 out along the bottom slide rail in the opposite direction.

[0077] This automatic reset mechanism delivers a key benefit, significantly optimizing the disassembly and reassembly process of submodule unit 2. Its core effect is providing a safe, convenient, and power-assisted method for resetting the telescopic guide rod 92. When disassembling the upper submodule unit 2 is required, the operator simply operates the release lever at the end of the module, releasing the locking ratchet from the coil spring device shaft via a connecting rod or cable. Subsequently, the elastic potential energy stored in the coil spring is released, causing the steel cable to retract and change direction via a pulley, pulling the top of the telescopic guide rod 92 upwards. This overcomes the force of the drive spring and any potential friction, smoothly pulling the telescopic guide rod 92 out of the lower locking sleeve and continuing to pull it back until the annular groove on the telescopic guide rod 92 aligns again with the front end of the cross-shaped locking pin 93. At this point, under the action of the reset spring 95, the cross-shaped locking pin 93 automatically resets forward, its front end re-engaging in the annular groove, relocking the telescopic guide rod 92 in the retracted position. The entire process is labor-saving, fast, and the reset state is reliable, which prepares the submodule unit 2 for safe sliding out in the future, and significantly reduces the difficulty and risk of disassembly operations.

[0078] Although embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed above, they are not limited to the applications listed in the specification and embodiments. They can be applied to various fields suitable for the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other modifications can be easily made. Therefore, without departing from the general concept defined by the claims and their equivalents, the present invention is not limited to the specific details and illustrations shown and described herein.

Claims

1. A modular building system with a parent-child structure, characterized in that: include: The hollow main structure consists of a frame-type load-bearing system composed of columns and beams, and internally forms multiple continuous and open installation units enclosed by columns and beams. Each installation unit is enclosed and defined by four columns, two longitudinal beams at the top, two longitudinal beams at the bottom, two transverse beams at both ends of the top, and two transverse beams at both ends of the bottom. Multiple sub-module units, each housed within an installation unit; the bottom sides of each sub-module unit are slidably or rollably connected to two longitudinal beams located at its bottom, and the top sides of each sub-module unit are detachably fixedly connected to two longitudinal beams located at its top.

2. The modular building system of claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom sides of each submodule unit are slidably or rollingly connected to the two longitudinal beams located at its bottom in the following way: Sliding or rolling mechanisms are set on both sides of the bottom of the sub-module unit, and corresponding slide rail systems are set on the two longitudinal beams at the bottom.

3. The modular building system of claim 2, characterized in that, Each longitudinal beam has a convex cross-section; the two slide rail systems include first channel steel embedded parts at the top of the protrusions of the two longitudinal beams at the bottom; the two sliding or rolling mechanisms include sub-module unit embedded parts on both sides of the bottom of the sub-module unit, and rollers or sliders installed at the bottom of the two sub-module unit embedded parts, the rollers or sliders being located in the corresponding first channel steel embedded parts.

4. The modular building system of claim 3, characterized in that, The two sides of the top of the submodule unit are detachably and fixedly connected to the two longitudinal beams located at its top in the following way: H-beam embedded parts are pre-embedded on the lower inner side of the protrusions of the two longitudinal beams at the top, and angle steel embedded parts are pre-embedded on both sides of the top of the sub-module unit. The angle steel embedded parts and the H-beam embedded parts are fixedly connected by bolts through the elongated holes on both.

5. The modular building system of claim 3, characterized in that, It also includes an energy-dissipating and vibration-damping device; third channel steel embedded parts are pre-embedded on the upper inner side of the protrusions of the two longitudinal beams at the bottom, and second channel steel embedded parts are pre-embedded on both sides of the bottom of the sub-module unit; the two ends of the energy-dissipating and vibration-damping device are respectively hinged to the third channel steel embedded parts and the second channel steel embedded parts through pins.

6. The modular building system of claim 1, characterized in that, The building’s main horizontal pipelines are centrally located between adjacent beams and connected to the reserved interfaces at the top or bottom of the sub-module units via flexible connectors or quick-connect fittings.

7. The modular building system of claim 1, characterized in that, The hollow main structure also includes lateral force resisting components.

8. The modular building system of claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: Auxiliary support system, which includes: A pair of parallel support rails are fixed to the upper surfaces of two horizontal beams at the bottom and extend along the length of the horizontal beams. At least one rigid sliding mounting beam has a sliding support at the bottom of each end, the sliding support slidingly engaging with a support rail on the corresponding side, allowing the rigid sliding mounting beam to move along the length of the support rail; the sliding support is provided with at least one position locking mechanism, the position locking mechanism including a locking screw that can be screwed into the sliding support and has its front end abut against the side of the support rail; the rigid sliding mounting beam has at least one mounting position along its length, and a support unit is detachably mounted at the mounting position; the support unit includes: The base is detachably fixed to the mounting position of the rigid sliding mounting beam; The sleeve is vertically fixed to the base; The support rod has its lower end inserted into the sleeve. The mating surface between the support rod and the sleeve has a polygonal cross-section to prevent relative rotation. A rack and pinion lifting mechanism includes a rack vertically fixed to the side of a support rod, a gear meshing with the rack, and a fine-tuning handwheel that drives the gear to rotate. The gear is mounted on a sleeve via a rotating shaft. A one-way locking mechanism includes a ratchet and a resilient pawl; the ratchet is fixedly mounted on the same shaft as the gear and rotates synchronously with the gear; the resilient pawl is set on a sleeve and, under its own weight or the action of a spring, engages in the tooth groove of the ratchet, allowing the gear to rotate in one direction to lift the support rod, and is locked when rotating in the opposite direction; A rigid support assembly includes a pressure-bearing top plate; the pressure-bearing top plate is coaxially fixed to the upper end of the support rod, and its central axis coincides with the axis of the support rod; the upper surface of the pressure-bearing top plate is a flat pressure-bearing surface, and a composite pad layer with both elasticity and wear resistance is applied to the pressure-bearing surface. The pressure indicator includes a pressure sensor and a display; the pressure sensor is located on the force transmission path between the pressure plate and the support rod to sense the axial support force; the display is located on the outer wall of the sleeve to display the pressure value measured by the pressure sensor.

9. The modular building system of claim 1, characterized in that, At least one alignment locking mechanism is provided between adjacent sub-module units; each alignment locking mechanism is set independently and does not interfere with each other; The alignment locking mechanism includes: A cylindrical shell is fixed to the bottom of the upper sub-module unit and has an opening at its lower end; a spring seat is provided at the top inside the cylindrical shell; a first guide hole extending longitudinally is provided on the side wall of the cylindrical shell; A telescopic guide rod, the upper end of which slides vertically through the lower opening of the cylindrical shell and extends into the cylindrical shell, the bottom of the telescopic guide rod is provided with a tapered guide head; the upper end of the telescopic guide rod is provided with a radially protruding spring support. A drive spring is disposed inside the cylindrical housing. The drive spring is sleeved around the rod segment of the telescopic guide rod located above the spring support. The lower end of the drive spring abuts against the spring support, and the upper end abuts against the spring seat fixed to the top of the cylindrical housing. A cross-shaped locking pin includes a longitudinal portion and a transverse portion perpendicular to the longitudinal portion; the front end of the longitudinal portion slidably passes through the first guide hole, and the rear end of the longitudinal portion is located outside the cylindrical housing; the transverse portion is located between the front end and the rear end of the longitudinal portion and is located outside the cylindrical housing; the longitudinal portion has a radially protruding limiting shoulder on a rod segment located outside the cylindrical housing and adjacent to the rear end of the first guide hole; a pair of clearance holes are symmetrically opened at both ends of the transverse portion. A fixing rod is vertically installed and fixed to the bottom of the upper sub-module unit; the fixing rod has a through hole that passes through the fixing rod longitudinally; A return spring is sleeved on the rear end of the longitudinal portion. The front end of the return spring abuts against the transverse portion, and the rear end abuts against the fixing rod. The return spring is in a compressed state, providing the cross-shaped locking pin with a spring force that causes the longitudinal portion to move forward. The telescopic guide rod has an annular groove on its body corresponding to the height of the front end of the longitudinal section. When the telescopic guide rod is in the retracted position, the front end of the longitudinal section is pushed into the annular groove by the return spring, and the rear end of the longitudinal section passes through the through hole on the fixing rod. The limiting shoulder abuts against the outer wall of the cylindrical shell, thereby locking the telescopic guide rod. A pair of inverted L-shaped trigger rods are symmetrically fixed to the top of the lower submodule unit and to a predetermined position on the sliding path of the upper submodule unit. Each of the inverted L-shaped trigger rods includes a vertical part and a horizontal part fixed to the top of the vertical part. The horizontal part is arranged longitudinally and is located behind the vertical part. When the upper sub-module unit slides longitudinally toward the installation position, the cross-shaped locking pin moves forward together with the upper sub-module unit. During the sliding process of the upper sub-module unit, the horizontal portions of the pair of inverted L-shaped trigger rods are respectively inserted into the clearance holes at both ends of the horizontal portion of the cross-shaped locking pin. When the vertical portion contacts the front edge of the clearance hole, it prevents the cross-shaped locking pin from moving forward, causing the cross-shaped locking pin to move backward relative to the cylindrical housing against the elastic force of the return spring. The front end of the longitudinal portion exits from the annular groove of the telescopic guide rod, and the rear end of the longitudinal portion slides backward along the through hole of the fixing rod, thereby releasing the lock on the telescopic guide rod. A locking sleeve, which is fixed to the top of the lower submodule unit, has a second guide hole for the tapered guide head at the lower end of the telescopic guide rod to be inserted downwards; After the lock is released, the drive spring releases its elastic potential energy, pushing the spring support and the telescopic guide rod to extend downwards quickly; the tapered guide head is inserted into the second guide hole and corrects the lateral deviation under its guiding action until the telescopic guide rod body is fully inserted. The locking sleeve has a radial locking hole in its side wall, and a locking ball and an elastic plate that acts on the locking ball to make it tend to move inward are provided in the locking hole. The telescopic guide rod has an annular locking groove that cooperates with the locking ball. When the telescopic guide rod is inserted downward, its outer wall squeezes the locking ball to make it move outward and compress the elastic plate. When the telescopic guide rod is fully inserted into the annular locking groove and aligned with the locking hole, the locking ball is partially locked into the annular locking groove under the restoring force of the elastic plate, realizing one-way mechanical locking.

10. The modular building system of claim 9, characterized in that, At least one automatic reset mechanism is provided between adjacent sub-module units. Each automatic reset mechanism is set independently and does not interfere with each other. One alignment locking mechanism corresponds to one automatic reset mechanism. The automatic reset mechanism includes a pulley disposed on the top of the cylindrical housing, a steel wire rope passing over the pulley, a coil spring device disposed at the bottom of the upper sub-module unit and connected to one end of the steel wire rope, a locking ratchet disposed on the rotating shaft of the coil spring device, and a release mechanism connected to the locking ratchet; the other end of the steel wire rope is connected to the top end of the telescopic guide rod; the release mechanism includes a manually operable release lever and a connecting rod or cable connecting the release lever and the locking ratchet, the release lever being disposed at the longitudinal end of the upper sub-module unit.

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