Deep and large vertical shaft building construction method and device

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of vertical shaft excavation, and particularly relates to a deep and large vertical shaft building construction device which comprises a bearing unit, a drilling unit and a rotary rock breaking body fixedly connected with the drilling unit, and further comprises inner wall construction units arranged above the rotary rock breaking body at intervals; the rock discharging system comprises a fluid rock cleaning device fixing system used for storing and unloading broken rocks and used for fixing the device to the hole wall of the vertical shaft; wherein the rotary rock breaking body is a vertical shaft rotating body, and the contact surface of the rotary rock breaking body and the bottom of the vertical shaft is a biconical convex surface with a downward truncated top. The device has the beneficial effects that the bearing unit, the drilling unit and the rotary rock breaking body are matched with the inner wall construction unit, the rock discharging system and the fixing system, integration of multiple functions is achieved, and the problem that an existing device is dispersed in function is effectively solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of shaft excavation technology, and in particular relates to a construction method and device for deep and large shafts. Background Technology

[0002] Deep shafts, as structures used in underground engineering, resource development, and municipal infrastructure construction, are widely applied in scenarios such as underground space exploration, mine ventilation, underground water and gas transmission, and urban rail transit connection channels. Their construction quality and efficiency directly affect the safety, economy, and progress of the overall project. As engineering construction expands into deeper underground spaces, the geological conditions faced by deep shafts become increasingly complex, placing higher demands on the rock-breaking capabilities, operational integration, stability, and construction continuity of the construction equipment.

[0003] Currently, the construction equipment commonly used in the construction of deep vertical shafts consists of rock breaking units, support units, and simple slag removal mechanisms. However, existing technologies have many shortcomings. The contact surface of existing rock breaking components is mostly planar or a single cone shape, which fails to fully consider the loose characteristics of the rock after it is broken. This causes the rock to easily accumulate on the working face during the rock breaking process and cannot be smoothly removed from the breaking area. This not only reduces the rock breaking efficiency but also easily causes the rock breaking components to wear out more quickly, affecting the continuity of construction. In addition, existing equipment usually separates functions such as rock breaking, internal wall support construction, rock removal, and equipment fixing into multiple independent sets of equipment. Multiple equipment relocations and adjustments are required to achieve the connection of processes, which leads to an extended construction period. Furthermore, the alternating operation of multiple equipment can easily cause disturbance to the shaft wall and increase the risk of collapse. Improvements are needed in these areas. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this application is to provide a construction method and apparatus for deep vertical shafts that can solve the above-mentioned problems.

[0005] The purpose of this application is to provide a construction device for deep vertical shafts, including a bearing unit, a drilling unit, a rotating rock-breaking body fixedly connected to the drilling unit, and further comprising: The inner wall construction units are spaced apart above the rotating rock-breaking body; Rock removal system, including fluid rock clearing device for storing and unloading broken rocks. A fixing system for securing the device to the wall of a shaft borehole; Among them, the rotating rock-breaking body is a vertical axis rotating body, and its contact surface with the bottom of the shaft is a double-conical convex surface with the top truncated downward.

[0006] The aforementioned deep vertical shaft construction device integrates multiple functions, effectively solving the problem of dispersed functions in existing devices. The bearing unit, drilling unit, and rotating rock-breaking body are configured in conjunction with the inner wall construction unit, rock discharge system, and fixing system. The inner wall construction units are spaced above the rotating rock-breaking body, allowing rock-breaking operations and inner wall construction to be carried out simultaneously or continuously without the need for multiple equipment relocation and debugging. This shortens the construction cycle, avoids disturbance to the shaft wall caused by alternating operations of multiple devices, and effectively reduces the risk of collapse.

[0007] In this application, the rotating rock-breaking body adopts a vertical axis rotating body design. Its truncated double-conical convex contact surface with a downward-facing top can guide the crushed rock to slide down the convex surface during the rotating rock-breaking process, avoiding rock accumulation on the working face, ensuring the working space of the rock-breaking unit, and improving rock-breaking efficiency. It can also be equipped with a feed jack to provide further rock-breaking feed force, thereby adapting to the rock-breaking needs under different geological conditions. In addition, a spacer can be installed to isolate falling rock from the borehole wall, preventing the working parts from being impacted, playing a protective role, and ensuring construction accuracy.

[0008] Furthermore, the inclination angle of the outer circumferential surface of the rotating rock-breaking contact surface exceeds the maximum angle of repose in the loose rock state.

[0009] The outer circumferential inclination angle of the rotating rock-breaking contact surface exceeds the maximum angle of repose in the loose rock state. Utilizing the loose accumulation characteristics of rock, the crushed rock can automatically slide down the inclined surface under gravity, effectively preventing rock accumulation on the rock-breaking contact surface and working face, keeping the rock-breaking channel unobstructed, thereby improving the continuity of rock-breaking, reducing friction and impact on the rock-breaking body from accumulated rock, effectively reducing wear on the rock-breaking body, and extending its service life. Simultaneously, because the rock quickly slides into the rock discharge system's operating range, the path from crushing to collection is shortened, further improving overall construction efficiency.

[0010] Furthermore: the fluid rock clearing device includes: The suction nozzle is installed above the contact surface with the rock mass; The hopper is installed on the upper part of the device; The suction hopper is connected to and rotates synchronously with the rock breaking body.

[0011] The suction nozzle of the fluid rock-cleaning device is installed above the contact surface of the rock-crushing body. It can connect to the hopper and rotate synchronously with the rock-crushing body, thereby achieving dynamic coordination between rock-crushing and rock-cleaning actions. This allows for real-time absorption and cleaning of freshly crushed rock, effectively preventing rock deposition at the bottom of the borehole and ensuring its cleanliness. The suction nozzle rotates with the rock-crushing body, forming a ring-shaped rock-cleaning zone, further enhancing the cleaning effect. The hopper provides temporary storage space for the crushed rock.

[0012] Furthermore, the inner wall construction unit includes: Mounting body; Inner foam lining; Counterweight unit; Linear driver; The inner foam lining is installed on the upper surface of the mounting body, the counterweight unit is installed on the lower side of the mounting body, and the linear actuator connects the mounting body and the counterweight unit to drive the counterweight unit to move longitudinally along the shaft.

[0013] The installation body of the inner wall construction unit integrates the inner lining foam, counterweight unit, and linear actuator, enabling the integration of inner wall construction components. This reduces the number of independent devices and improves the compactness of the device. The inner lining foam is installed on the upper surface of the installation body to buffer the collision between the installation body and the lining mold, providing protection. The counterweight unit is installed on the lower side of the installation body to enhance the overall inertia of the device, counteract the reaction force generated during rock breaking, and reduce device sway. The linear actuator connects the installation body and the counterweight unit, driving the counterweight unit to move longitudinally along the shaft. This allows for flexible adjustment of the vertical load on the rotating rock breaking body, adapting to the rock breaking strength requirements under different geological conditions, improving construction efficiency, and ensuring construction continuity.

[0014] Furthermore, the inner wall construction unit also includes: The liner is composed of multiple circular frames and is installed on the upper surface of the mounting body; A reinforcing member is installed between the bottom of the liner and the mounting body to enhance the supporting effect of the liner; The liner is arranged circumferentially along the installation body, and its forming part is spaced apart from the wall of the vertical shaft to form a casting space.

[0015] The inner wall construction unit's lining formwork consists of multiple circular frames, adapted to the circular cross-section of the shaft. This ensures a regular lining structure that meets construction requirements. The formwork is positioned circumferentially along the mounting body, with its forming part creating a space between itself and the shaft wall, providing a molding environment for the grouting material. This ensures consistent grout layer thickness and improves lining quality. Reinforcing components are installed between the bottom of the formwork and the mounting body, effectively distributing the pressure exerted by the grouting material on the formwork, preventing deformation during grouting, and ensuring the structural accuracy of the lining. Furthermore, the multiple circular frames facilitate easy assembly, disassembly, and adjustment, adapting to shafts of different diameters and enhancing the device's versatility. The formwork can also move synchronously with the entire device, eliminating the need for separate placement and positioning, effectively shortening construction steps and improving work efficiency.

[0016] Furthermore, the fixing system includes: A pressure-applying component, mounted on the mounting body, is used to provide clamping force to the inner surface of the shaft; Fixed block; The pressure-applying component is installed at an angle along the circumference of the counterweight unit, and the fixing block is telescopically installed in the insertion groove on the outer circumference of the counterweight unit, with a concave-convex structure on its outer surface.

[0017] The pressure-applying components of the fixing system are installed at an angle along the circumference of the counterweight unit, applying uniform clamping force to the inner surface of the shaft to ensure even distribution of fixing force. The telescopic fixing blocks can adjust their extension length according to the actual conditions of the shaft wall, adapting to shafts of different diameters. Simultaneously, the uneven structure on the outer surface of the fixing blocks increases friction with the shaft surface, effectively preventing the device from sliding or shifting during operation. The fixing blocks being excavated into the shaft surface further enhances the fixing firmness, ensuring the installation body and the entire device are stably supported within the shaft. This guarantees the accuracy of rock-breaking operations and the quality of inner wall construction, avoiding safety accidents caused by device shaking and improving construction safety.

[0018] Furthermore, it also includes reinforcement units, which are installed on the upper surface of the mounting body, including grouting machines, shotcrete machines, and concrete pouring machines.

[0019] The reinforcement unit integrates a grouting machine, a shotcrete machine, and a concrete pouring machine, enabling the entire reinforcement operation to be integrated and improving the integration of operations. The grouting machine injects grout into the boreholes on the surface to be excavated, which can cement the surrounding rock of the borehole wall, improve the integrity and stability of the surrounding rock, and reduce the risk of surrounding rock collapse during excavation.

[0020] After the grouting machine drills holes on the surface to be excavated, it receives the grouting material and injects it into the drilled holes. The shotcrete machine uses compressed air to spray mortar or concrete onto the surface of the shaft. First, a 50mm-100mm thick layer of material is sprayed onto the surface of the shaft to form the first shotcrete surface. Then, the initial shotcrete surface and the surface of the shaft are drilled through. One end of the anchor rod is inserted into the hole from the other side of the initial shotcrete, and the other end is fixed with a nut. Then, a second shotcrete is sprayed to maintain a thickness of 50mm-200mm to complete the second shotcrete construction.

[0021] The shotcrete machine uses compressed air to spray material onto the surface of the shaft, quickly forming an initial support layer, sealing the borehole wall, preventing weathering and spalling of the surrounding rock, and protecting the integrity of the borehole wall. Secondary shotcrete combined with anchor bolt construction forms a composite support system, further enhancing the load-bearing capacity and deformation resistance of the shaft structure. The reinforcement unit is installed on the upper surface of the installation body and works in conjunction with processes such as rock breaking and inner wall construction to effectively avoid borehole wall instability caused by delayed support, effectively improving construction efficiency and reducing construction risks.

[0022] Furthermore, this application also provides a method for constructing a deep vertical shaft construction device, comprising the following steps: S1. Install pile walls into the soil to surround the area of ​​soil to be excavated; S2. Use a rotating rock-breaking machine to excavate the soil in the area, and collect and unload the broken rocks through a rock-discharge system; S3. Place a liner inside the shaft so that the liner and the shaft surface form an intermittent space; S4. Fill the space between the two sections with grouting material.

[0023] Step S1 involves installing a pile wall in the soil to surround the area to be excavated, forming a protective barrier in advance to effectively isolate the external soil and surrounding rock, reducing the risk of borehole wall collapse during excavation and providing a safe working environment for subsequent construction. Step S2 utilizes a rotary rock-breaking machine for excavation, combined with a rock removal system to collect and unload broken rocks in real time, preventing rock accumulation on the working face, ensuring continuous excavation operations, and improving excavation efficiency. Step S3 places a lining form inside the shaft, creating a stable space between the lining form and the shaft surface, providing a regulated environment for grouting materials, ensuring accurate lining structure dimensions and good forming quality. Step S4 fills the space with grouting material, forming a firmly bonded lining layer between the lining form and the shaft borehole wall, enhancing the sealing and load-bearing capacity of the shaft structure. The coordinated operation of these steps effectively reduces equipment relocation and process waiting time, improving construction efficiency. Simultaneously, the pile wall protection, lining form forming, grouting, and reinforcement processes effectively ensure the stability and forming quality of the shaft structure.

[0024] The beneficial effects of this application are: 1. The configuration of the bearing unit, drilling unit, and rotating rock breaking body, in conjunction with the inner wall construction unit, rock discharge system, and fixing system, integrates multiple functions, effectively solving the problem of the dispersed functions of existing equipment; 2. The inner wall construction units are spaced above the rotating rock-breaking body, so that rock-breaking operations and inner wall construction can be carried out simultaneously or continuously without the need for multiple equipment relocation and debugging, thereby shortening the construction cycle, avoiding disturbance to the shaft wall caused by multiple equipment alternating operations, and effectively reducing the risk of collapse. 3. The rotating rock-breaking body adopts a vertical axis rotating body design. Its double-conical convex contact surface with the top facing downward can guide the crushed rock to slide down the convex surface during the rotating rock-breaking process, avoid the accumulation of rock on the working face, ensure the working space of the rock-breaking unit, and improve the rock-breaking efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention; Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A magnified view of A in the middle.

[0026] The reference numerals in the figure are as follows: 100, bearing unit; 200, drilling unit; 300, rotating rock breaker; 400, inner wall construction unit; 410, mounting body; 420, inner lining foam; 430, counterweight unit; 440, linear actuator; 450, lining mold; 451, frame; 460, reinforcing member; 470, pouring space; 500, rock discharge system; 510, fluid rock clearing device; 511, suction nozzle; 512, hopper; 600, fixing system; 610, pressure component; 620, fixing block; 630, concave-convex structure; 700, reinforcement unit. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0028] The terms "first," "second," etc., used in the specification and claims of this application are used to distinguish similar objects and not to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such use of data can be interchanged where appropriate so that embodiments of this application can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein, and the objects distinguished by "first," "second," etc., are generally of the same class and the number of objects is not limited; for example, a first object can be one or more. Furthermore, in the specification and claims, "and / or" indicates at least one of the connected objects, and the character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following objects are in an "or" relationship.

[0029] The following description, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, details the construction method and apparatus for deep vertical shafts provided in this application through specific embodiments and application scenarios.

[0030] Example 1: like Figure 1 As shown in the embodiment of this application, a construction device for building deep vertical shafts is provided, including a bearing unit 100, a drilling unit 200, and a rotating rock-breaking body 300 fixedly connected to the drilling unit 200, and further including: The inner wall construction unit 400 is spaced out above the rotating rock breaking body 300; Rock removal system 500, including fluid rock clearing device 510 for storing and unloading broken rocks. Fixing system 600 is used to fix the device to the wall of the shaft borehole; Among them, the rotating rock-breaking body 300 is a vertical axis rotating body, and its contact surface with the bottom of the shaft is a double-conical convex surface with the top truncated downward.

[0031] In some embodiments of this application, such as Figure 1 As shown, the above-mentioned deep vertical shaft construction device integrates multiple functions by using the bearing unit 100, drilling unit 200, and rotating rock-breaking body 300 in conjunction with the inner wall construction unit 400, rock removal system 500, fixing system 600, and a supply system with a specific structure. This effectively solves the problem of the dispersed functions of existing devices. The inner wall construction unit 400 is spaced above the rotating rock-breaking body 300, allowing rock-breaking operations and inner wall construction to be carried out simultaneously or continuously without the need for multiple equipment relocation and debugging. This shortens the construction cycle, avoids disturbance to the shaft wall caused by alternating operations of multiple devices, and effectively reduces the risk of collapse.

[0032] In this application, the rotating rock-breaking body 300 adopts a vertical axis rotating body design. Its double-conical convex contact surface with a downward-facing top can guide the broken rock to slide down along the convex surface during the rotating rock-breaking process, avoiding rock accumulation on the working face, ensuring the working space of the rock-breaking unit, and improving rock-breaking efficiency. It can also be equipped with a feed jack to provide further rock-breaking feed force, thereby adapting to the rock-breaking needs under different geological conditions. In addition, a spacer can be installed to isolate falling rock from the borehole wall, preventing the working parts from being impacted, playing a protective role, and ensuring construction accuracy.

[0033] Furthermore, the inclination angle of the outer circumference of the contact surface of the rotating rock mass 300 exceeds the maximum angle of repose in the loose rock state.

[0034] The outer circumferential inclination angle of the contact surface of the rotating rock crusher exceeds the maximum angle of repose in the loose rock state. Utilizing the loose accumulation characteristics of rock, the crushed rock can automatically slide down the inclined surface under gravity, effectively preventing rock accumulation on the contact surface and working face of the rock crusher, keeping the rock crushing channel unobstructed, thereby improving the continuity of rock crushing, reducing friction and impact on the rock crusher from accumulated rock, effectively reducing wear on the rock crusher, and extending its service life. Simultaneously, because the rock quickly slides down to the 500mm working range of the rock discharge system, the path from crushing to collection is shortened, further improving overall construction efficiency.

[0035] Example 2: This application provides a method and apparatus for constructing deep vertical shafts. In addition to the above-mentioned technical features, the method and apparatus for constructing deep vertical shafts in this application also include the following technical features.

[0036] like Figure 1 As shown, the fluid rock clearing device 510 includes: Suction nozzle 511 is installed above the contact surface of the rock breaking mass; Hopper 512 is installed on the upper part of the device; Among them, the suction nozzle 511 and the hopper 512 are connected and rotate synchronously with the rock breaking body.

[0037] In this embodiment, the suction nozzle 511 of the fluid rock-cleaning device 510 is installed above the contact surface of the rock-crushing body. It can be connected to the hopper 512 and rotate synchronously with the rock-crushing body, thereby achieving dynamic coordination between rock-crushing and rock-cleaning actions. This allows for real-time absorption and cleaning of freshly crushed rock, effectively preventing rock deposition at the bottom of the hole and ensuring its cleanliness. The suction nozzle 511 rotates with the rock-crushing body, forming a ring-shaped rock-cleaning area, further enhancing the rock-cleaning effect. The installation of the hopper 512 provides temporary storage space for the crushed rock.

[0038] Example 3: This application provides a method and apparatus for constructing deep vertical shafts. In addition to the above-mentioned technical features, the method and apparatus for constructing deep vertical shafts in this application also include the following technical features.

[0039] like Figure 1 As shown, the inner wall construction unit 400 includes: Mounting body 410; Inner lining foam 420; Counterweight unit 430; Linear driver 440; The inner lining foam 420 is installed on the upper surface of the mounting body 410, the counterweight unit 430 is installed on the lower side of the mounting body 410, and the linear actuator 440 connects the mounting body 410 and the counterweight unit 430 to drive the counterweight unit 430 to move longitudinally along the shaft.

[0040] In this embodiment, the mounting body 410 of the inner wall construction unit 400 integrates the inner lining foam 420, the counterweight unit 430, and the linear actuator 440, which can realize the integration of inner wall construction components, thereby reducing the number of independent equipment and improving the compactness of the device. The inner lining foam 420 is installed on the upper surface of the mounting body 410, which can buffer the collision between the mounting body 410 and the lining mold 450 and play a protective role. The counterweight unit 430 is installed on the lower side of the mounting body 410, which can enhance the overall inertia of the device, counteract the reaction force generated during rock breaking, and reduce the shaking of the device. The linear actuator 440 connects the mounting body 410 and the counterweight unit 430, and can drive the counterweight unit 430 to move longitudinally along the shaft, thereby flexibly adjusting the vertical load on the rotating rock breaking body 300, adapting to the rock breaking strength requirements under different geological conditions, improving construction efficiency, and ensuring construction continuity.

[0041] Furthermore, the inner wall construction unit 400 also includes: The liner 450 is composed of multiple circular frames 451 and is mounted on the upper surface of the mounting body 410; A reinforcing member 460 is disposed between the bottom of the liner 450 and the mounting body 410 to enhance the supporting effect of the liner 450; The liner 450 is arranged circumferentially along the mounting body 410, and its forming part is spaced apart from the vertical shaft wall to form a casting space 470.

[0042] The lining formwork 450 of the inner wall construction unit 400 is composed of multiple circular frames 451, adapted to the circular cross-section of the shaft, ensuring a regular lining structure that meets construction requirements. The lining formwork 450 is circumferentially arranged along the mounting body 410, with its forming part creating a space between itself and the shaft wall, providing a forming environment for the grouting material, ensuring consistent grout layer thickness, and improving lining quality. The reinforcing member 460 is installed between the bottom of the lining formwork 450 and the mounting body 410, effectively dispersing the pressure exerted by the grouting material on the lining formwork 450, preventing deformation during grouting, and ensuring the structural accuracy of the lining. Simultaneously, the lining formwork 450, composed of multiple circular frames 451, is easy to disassemble and adjust, adaptable to shafts of different diameters, enhancing the versatility of the device. Furthermore, the lining formwork 450 can move synchronously with the entire device, eliminating the need for separate placement and positioning, effectively shortening construction procedures and improving work efficiency.

[0043] Example 4: This application provides a method and apparatus for constructing deep vertical shafts. In addition to the above-mentioned technical features, the method and apparatus for constructing deep vertical shafts in this application also include the following technical features.

[0044] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the fixed system 600 includes: The pressure member 610 is disposed on the mounting body 410 and is used to provide clamping force to the inner surface of the shaft; Fixing block 620; The pressure member 610 is installed at an angle along the circumference of the counterweight unit 430, and the fixing block 620 is telescopically installed in the insertion groove on the outer periphery of the counterweight unit 430, and its outer surface is provided with a concave-convex structure 630.

[0045] In this embodiment, the pressure member 610 of the fixing system 600 is installed at an angle along the circumference of the counterweight unit 430, which can apply a uniform clamping force to the inner surface of the shaft, ensuring a balanced distribution of fixing force. The telescopic fixing block 620 can adjust its extension length according to the actual situation of the shaft wall to adapt to shafts of different diameters. At the same time, the concave-convex structure 630 on the outer surface of the fixing block 620 can increase the friction with the shaft surface, effectively preventing the device from sliding or shifting during operation. The fixing block 620 being dug into the shaft surface can further improve the fixing firmness, so that the mounting body 410 and the entire device can be stably supported in the shaft, ensuring the accuracy of rock breaking operations and the quality of inner wall construction, avoiding safety accidents caused by device shaking, and improving construction safety.

[0046] Example 5: This application provides a method and apparatus for constructing deep vertical shafts. In addition to the above-mentioned technical features, the method and apparatus for constructing deep vertical shafts in this application also include the following technical features.

[0047] like Figure 1 As shown, it also includes a reinforcement unit 700, which is installed on the upper surface of the mounting body 410 and includes a grouting machine, a shotcrete machine and a concrete pouring machine.

[0048] In this embodiment, the reinforcement unit 700 integrates a grouting machine, a shotcrete machine, and a concrete pouring machine, which can realize the integration of the entire reinforcement operation process, improve the integration of operations, and inject grout into the boreholes on the surface to be excavated. This can cement the surrounding rock of the borehole wall, improve the integrity and stability of the surrounding rock, and reduce the risk of surrounding rock collapse during excavation.

[0049] After the grouting machine drills holes on the surface to be excavated, it receives the grouting material and injects it into the drilled holes. The shotcrete machine uses compressed air to spray mortar or concrete onto the surface of the shaft. First, a 50mm-100mm thick layer of material is sprayed onto the surface of the shaft to form the first shotcrete surface. Then, the initial shotcrete surface and the surface of the shaft are drilled through. One end of the anchor rod is inserted into the hole from the other side of the initial shotcrete, and the other end is fixed with a nut. Then, a second shotcrete is sprayed to maintain a thickness of 50mm-200mm to complete the second shotcrete construction.

[0050] The shotcrete machine uses compressed air to spray material onto the surface of the shaft, quickly forming an initial support layer, sealing the borehole wall, preventing weathering and spalling of the surrounding rock, and protecting the integrity of the borehole wall. Secondary shotcrete combined with anchor bolt construction forms a composite support system, further enhancing the load-bearing capacity and deformation resistance of the shaft structure. The reinforcement unit 700 is installed on the upper surface of the installation body 410, cooperating with processes such as rock breaking inner wall construction, effectively avoiding borehole wall instability caused by delayed support, effectively improving construction efficiency and reducing construction risks.

[0051] Example 6: This application also provides a method for constructing a deep vertical shaft, including the following steps: S1. Install pile walls into the soil to surround the area of ​​soil to be excavated; S2. Use the rotating rock breaker 300 to excavate the soil in the area, and use the rock discharge system 500 to collect and unload the broken rock. S3. Place a liner 450 inside the shaft so that the liner 450 forms a gap between itself and the surface of the shaft. S4. Fill the gap with grouting material.

[0052] Step S1 involves installing a pile wall in the soil to surround the area to be excavated, forming a protective barrier in advance to effectively isolate the external soil and surrounding rock, reducing the risk of borehole wall collapse during excavation and providing a safe working environment for subsequent construction. Step S2 utilizes a rotating rock breaker 300 for excavation, combined with a rock removal system 500 to collect and unload broken rocks in real time, preventing rock accumulation on the working face, ensuring continuous excavation operations, and improving excavation efficiency. Step S3 places a lining mold 450 inside the shaft, creating a stable space between the lining mold 450 and the shaft surface, providing a regulated environment for grouting materials, ensuring accurate lining structure dimensions and good forming quality. Step S4 fills the space with grouting material, forming a firmly bonded lining layer between the lining mold 450 and the shaft borehole wall, enhancing the sealing and load-bearing capacity of the shaft structure. The coordinated operation of these steps effectively reduces equipment relocation and process waiting time, improving construction efficiency. Simultaneously, the pile wall protection, lining mold 450 forming, grouting, and reinforcement processes effectively ensure the stability and forming quality of the shaft structure.

[0053] It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes that element. Furthermore, it should be noted that the scope of the methods and apparatuses in the embodiments of this application is not limited to performing functions in the order shown or discussed, but may also include performing functions substantially simultaneously or in the reverse order, depending on the functions involved. For example, the described methods may be performed in a different order than described, and various steps may be added, omitted, or combined. Additionally, features described with reference to certain examples may be combined in other examples.

[0054] The embodiments of this application have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, this application is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. The specific embodiments described above are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Those skilled in the art can make many other forms under the guidance of this application without departing from the spirit and scope of the claims, and all of these forms are within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A deep vertical shaft construction device, comprising a bearing unit (100), a drilling unit (200), and a rotating rock-breaking body (300) fixedly connected to the drilling unit (200), characterized in that, Also includes: The inner wall construction unit (400) is spaced above the rotating rock-breaking body (300); The rock removal system (500) includes a fluid rock clearing device (510) for storing and unloading broken rocks. A fixing system (600) is used to fix the device to the wall of the shaft borehole; Among them, the rotating rock-breaking body (300) is a vertical axis rotating body, and its contact surface with the bottom of the shaft is a double-conical convex surface with the top cut downward.

2. The deep vertical shaft construction device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inclination angle of the outer circumference of the contact surface of the rotating rock-breaking mass (300) exceeds the maximum angle of repose in the loose rock state.

3. The deep vertical shaft construction device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fluid rock clearing device (510) includes: The suction nozzle (511) is installed above the contact surface of the rock-breaking mass; Hopper (512), installed on the upper part of the device; Among them, the suction nozzle (511) is connected to the hopper (512) and rotates synchronously with the rock breaking body.

4. The deep vertical shaft construction device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner wall construction unit (400) includes: Mounting body (410); Inner lining foam (420); Counterweight unit (430); Linear driver (440); The inner lining foam (420) is installed on the upper surface of the mounting body (410), the counterweight unit (430) is installed on the lower side of the mounting body (410), and the linear actuator (440) connects the mounting body (410) and the counterweight unit (430) to drive the counterweight unit (430) to move longitudinally along the shaft.

5. The deep vertical shaft construction device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The inner wall construction unit (400) also includes: The liner (450) is composed of multiple circular frames (451) and is mounted on the upper surface of the mounting body (410); A reinforcing member (460) is disposed between the bottom of the liner (450) and the mounting body (410) to enhance the supporting effect of the liner (450); The liner (450) is arranged circumferentially along the mounting body (410), and its forming part is spaced apart from the vertical shaft wall to form a casting space (470).

6. The deep vertical shaft construction device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The fixed system (600) includes: A pressure element (610), disposed on the mounting body (410), is used to provide clamping force to the inner surface of the shaft; Fixed block (620); The pressure member (610) is installed at an angle along the circumference of the counterweight unit (430), and the fixing block (620) is telescopically installed in the insertion groove on the outer periphery of the counterweight unit (430), and its outer surface is provided with a concave-convex structure (630).

7. The deep vertical shaft construction device according to claim 6, characterized in that: It also includes a reinforcement unit (700) mounted on the upper surface of the mounting body (410), including a grouting machine, a shotcrete machine and a concrete pouring machine.

8. A method for constructing a deep vertical shaft as described in claims 1-7, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Install pile walls into the soil to surround the area of ​​soil to be excavated; S2. The soil in the area is excavated using a rotating rock-breaking machine (300), and the broken rocks are collected and unloaded through a rock-dumping system (500). S3. Place a liner (450) inside the shaft so that the liner (450) and the surface of the shaft form a gap. S4. Fill the space between the two sections with grouting material.

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