Hole drilling and arranging method based on tunneling face exploration

Abstract

The invention relates to a drilling and hole arranging method based on tunneling face exploration, and the method comprises the following steps: step 1, drilling and hole arranging are carried out by taking an underground tunneling roadway with the width of 6m and the height of 4.1 m as a reference surface, drilling holes comprise underholing holes, groove protecting holes, auxiliary holes, contour holes and bottom plate holes, step 2, centering and scribing are carried out on the reference surface of the tunneling roadway by using an auxiliary device; step 3, cutting holes are firstly punched through the marking positions, and the cutting holes do not need to be filled with powder, so that the effect of breaking expansion compensation space is achieved; step 4, sequentially drilling holes, groove protection holes, auxiliary holes, contour holes and bottom plate holes according to the marked point positions, and charging explosives in the drilled hole positions for blasting the tunneling surface; according to the method, a drilling operator performs drilling operation according to a hole arrangement method, the drilling and hole arrangement standards are unified, the working efficiency is improved, and the labor intensity is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a drilling and hole-laying method, specifically a drilling and hole-laying method based on tunnel face exploration, belonging to the fields of tunneling engineering and drilling and blasting technology. Background Technology

[0002] Meishan Mining Branch is an underground mining enterprise. The underground tunnels are 6 meters wide and 4.1 meters high. Due to inconsistent skill levels among operators, insufficient drilling or inconsistent hole placement often results in insufficient explosive charge, preventing the ore from being completely blasted away. This leads to low blasting efficiency and necessitates secondary drilling and blasting, increasing the workload of operators and the associated risks. Therefore, a drilling and hole placement method based on the tunnel face is urgently needed to solve this problem. This paper designs a drilling and hole placement method based on the tunnel face to address this issue. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This invention addresses the technical problems existing in the prior art by providing a method for drilling and layout of holes based on the tunnel face. This method allows drilling operators to perform drilling operations according to the layout method, standardizes drilling and layout, improves work efficiency, and reduces labor intensity.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows: a method for drilling and arranging boreholes based on a tunnel face, the method comprising the following steps:

[0005] Step 1: Using the underground tunnel, which is 6m wide and 4.1m high, as the reference surface, drill holes and lay out the holes. The holes are divided into slotting holes (1-4), retaining holes (5-8), auxiliary holes (9-36), outline holes (37-56), and floor holes (57-65).

[0006] Step 2: Using auxiliary devices, find the center and mark the lines on the reference surface of the tunnel.

[0007] Step 3: First, drill the slots according to the marked positions. No explosives are needed in the slots; they serve to compensate for the expansion during bursting.

[0008] Step 4: Next, drill holes in sequence according to the marked points: retaining hole (5-8), auxiliary hole (9-36), outline hole (37-56), and bottom plate hole (57-65). All drilled holes are filled with explosives for blasting the tunnel face.

[0009] In the above scheme, in step 2, the center point of the tunnel excavation face is first found and lines are drawn using an auxiliary device. The location of the cut hole is determined first, and then the location of the retaining hole is determined. Based on the location of the retaining hole, the locations of the auxiliary eye and the outline eye are drawn to the left of it at 0.65 meters, 0.81 meters, and 0.6 meters respectively. The locations of the auxiliary eye and the outline eye are drawn to the right of it at 0.65 meters, 0.8 meters, 0.81 meters, and 0.6 meters respectively. Finally, the location of the bottom plate eye is drawn at the bottom.

[0010] The diameter of the slotted hole is φ76mm.

[0011] The eye positions for the groove, auxiliary eye, contour eye, and base plate eye are all φ48mm in diameter.

[0012] The auxiliary device in step 2 is to capture images of the working environment at the working face using a camera. The images captured by the camera are then converted and analyzed by software to produce a 3D scene. The 3D scene is analyzed to automatically generate corresponding drilling positions. The operator uses the generated holes to mark and position the holes at the working face to ensure that the holes are correctly positioned.

[0013] Compared with existing technologies, this invention has the following advantages: 1) This method standardizes the drilling and hole placement methods, improving work efficiency and reducing labor intensity; 2) This method increases the number of holes drilled at the tunnel face and the amount of explosives charged into the holes, thereby increasing the blasting rate and reducing the need for secondary blasting; 3) By using auxiliary devices, the accuracy of hole positions in the roadway is ensured, improving the drilling skills of operators and guaranteeing work efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a diagram showing the drilling layout of the excavation face in this invention.

[0015] In the diagram: 1-4 are slotting holes, 5-8 are retaining holes, 9-36 are auxiliary holes, 37-56 are outline holes, and 57-65 are base plate holes. Detailed Implementation

[0016] To enhance understanding of the present invention, the embodiments will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0017] Example 1: As Figure 1As shown, the hole-drilling method based on the tunnel face mainly consists of cut holes 1-4, retaining holes 5-8, auxiliary holes 9-36, outline holes 37-56, and floor holes 57-65. Using a 6-meter wide and 4.1-meter high underground tunnel face as the reference plane, the tunnel face is measured and mapped using auxiliary devices to locate the center point and the positions of various other holes. Operators mark these points with red paint. The cut holes (1-4) are drilled sequentially using a drilling device. These cut holes have a diameter of φ76 and are not used for loading explosives; their main function is to compensate for the expansion space. The remaining holes all have a diameter of φ48. Following the hole-drilling sequence, retaining holes 5-8, auxiliary holes 9-36, outline holes 37-56, and floor holes 57-65 are drilled sequentially. All drilled holes are filled with explosives for blasting the tunnel face.

[0018] Working principle explanation:

[0019] This invention is a method for drilling and arranging holes on the tunnel face, mainly involving drilling and arranging holes in a tunnel roadway that is 6 meters wide and 4.1 meters high. First, the center point of the tunnel face is found and lines are drawn using an auxiliary device to determine the location of the cut-out hole, followed by the location of the retaining hole. Based on the location of the retaining hole, auxiliary hole positions and outline hole positions are drawn to the left of it at intervals of 0.65 meters, 0.81 meters, and 0.6 meters, respectively. To the right of the retaining hole, auxiliary hole positions and outline hole positions are also drawn at intervals of 0.65 meters, 0.8 meters, 0.81 meters, and 0.6 meters, respectively. Finally, the bottom hole position is drawn at the bottom. After drawing all the eye positions, the eye positions are drilled using a drilling device. First, the slotting eye (1-4) is drilled with a diameter of φ76. This eye position is not used for loading explosives, but serves to compensate for the expansion space. Then, the retaining eye (5-8) is drilled. This hole is used for loading explosives. Auxiliary eye (9-36), outline eye (37-56), and bottom plate eye (57-65) are drilled in sequence according to the drawn points. The diameter of each hole is φ48. This type of hole is used for loading explosives.

[0020] Example 2: Explanation of the working process of this example: as follows Figure 1 As shown:

[0021] The reference surface is a tunnel that is 6 meters wide and 4.1 meters high.

[0022] The tunnel is centered and marked using auxiliary devices.

[0023] First, draw the locations of the cut-out holes and the retaining holes;

[0024] Draw the auxiliary eye position and the outline eye position 0.65 meters, 0.81 meters and 0.6 meters to the left of the groove eye position; draw the auxiliary eye position and the outline eye position 0.65 meters, 0.8 meters, 0.81 meters and 0.6 meters to the right of the groove eye position.

[0025] Finally, draw the position of the bottom eye;

[0026] The drilling operation is carried out by drilling holes at the eye positions marked on the tunnel face using a drilling device;

[0027] First, drill holes (1-4) with a diameter of φ76.

[0028] Then, drilling is performed on the retaining groove (5-8);

[0029] Next, the auxiliary eye (9-36) is drilled.

[0030] Drilling is performed on the outline eye (37-56);

[0031] Finally, the holes (57-65) on the base plate are drilled.

[0032] Except for the slotted hole with a diameter of φ45, which is not used for loading explosives, all other holes have a diameter of φ48 and are used for loading explosives. All holes are drilled sequentially according to the hole layout diagram.

[0033] It should be noted that the above embodiments are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Equivalent transformations or substitutions made based on the above technical solutions all fall within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for drilling and arranging boreholes based on the tunnel face, characterized in that, The method includes the following steps: Step 1: Using the underground tunnel, which is 6m wide and 4.1m high, as the reference surface, drill holes and lay out the holes. The holes are divided into slotting holes (1-4), retaining holes (5-8), auxiliary holes (9-36), outline holes (37-56), and floor holes (57-65). Step 2: Using auxiliary devices, find the center and mark the lines on the reference surface of the tunnel. Step 3: First, drill the slots according to the marked positions. No explosives are needed in the slots; they serve to compensate for the expansion during bursting. Step 4: Next, drill holes in sequence according to the marked points: retaining hole (5-8), auxiliary hole (9-36), outline hole (37-56), and bottom plate hole (57-65). All drilled holes are filled with explosives for blasting the tunnel face.

2. The method for drilling and arranging boreholes based on the tunnel face according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step 2, the center point of the tunnel face is first found and lines are drawn using auxiliary devices. The location of the cut-out hole is determined first, and then the location of the retaining hole is determined. Based on the location of the retaining hole, the locations of the auxiliary holes and the outline holes are drawn to the left of the retaining holes at 0.65 meters, 0.81 meters, and 0.6 meters respectively. The locations of the auxiliary holes and the outline holes are drawn to the right of the retaining holes at 0.65 meters, 0.8 meters, 0.81 meters, and 0.6 meters respectively. Finally, the location of the bottom hole is drawn at the bottom.

3. The method for drilling and arranging boreholes based on the tunnel face according to claim 1, characterized in that, The diameter of the slotted hole is φ76mm.

4. The method for drilling and arranging boreholes based on the tunnel face according to claim 1, characterized in that, The eye positions for the groove, auxiliary eye, contour eye, and base plate eye are all φ48mm in diameter.

5. The method for drilling and arranging boreholes based on the tunnel face according to claim 1, characterized in that, The auxiliary device in step 2 is to capture images of the working environment at the working face using a camera. The images captured by the camera are then converted and analyzed by software to produce a 3D scene. The 3D scene is analyzed to automatically generate corresponding drilling positions. The operator uses the generated holes to mark and position the holes at the working face to ensure that the holes are correctly positioned.

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