Bolt-grouting device and bolt-grouting equipment for pushing and grouting anchor rod

Abstract

The invention discloses a bolting-grouting device and bolting-grouting equipment for pushing and grouting an anchor rod, and relates to the technical field of tunnel engineering machinery. The radial slurry discharge hole I is formed in the guide pipe, the radial slurry discharge hole II is formed in the nut loop bar, the butter slurry blocking assembly I is arranged on the nut loop bar at the tail end of the guide pipe, the butter slurry blocking assembly II is arranged on the anchor rod loop bar at the tail end of the nut loop bar, and when the butter slurry blocking assembly II fails, an axial slurry discharge hole is formed in the failure part; slurry in a gap between the nut sleeve rod and the anchor rod sleeve rod is discharged from the axial slurry discharge hole; an independent slurry discharging cavity is formed in the gear box, and the grease slurry blocking assembly II is located in the slurry discharging cavity. A quadruple slurry return prevention system of radial active slurry discharge, axial passive plugging, axial passive slurry discharge and gear box slurry discharge is adopted, and the problems that according to an existing bolting and grouting device, due to the fact that cement slurry flows back and infiltrates into a gear box, work of the gear box is affected, and gears are corroded and damaged are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of tunnel engineering machinery technology, and more specifically to an anchoring device and equipment for anchor bolt pushing and grouting. Background Technology

[0002] Anchor bolt grouting support is an underground engineering support technology that cleverly combines the mechanical anchoring of anchor bolts with the chemical bonding effect of grout. Its core objective is to actively reinforce the rock and soil mass and fully utilize the self-supporting capacity of the surrounding rock. Anchor bolts are typically used to support the surrounding rock of relatively low hardness (Class III and above). Currently, this method is applied in the construction of soft rock tunnels in highways, railways, and railways.

[0003] The construction of anchor bolt grouting support typically involves the following steps: First, use a drilling rig to drill holes according to the designed hole positions, angles, and depths; after the holes are formed, clean the rock powder, rock cuttings, and other debris inside the holes to ensure good bonding between the grout and the hole wall; The core processes are the advancement, anchoring, prestressing, and grouting of the anchor rod. The anchoring device inserts the hollow anchor rod directly into the drilled anchor hole. The anchor rod is anchored to the surrounding rock through expansion shell or resin curing. After anchoring, the pulling cylinder of the anchoring device pulls the anchor rod to apply prestress. The prestress is then locked by tightening the nut at the end of the anchor rod. Grouting is then performed using the hollow rod body. Grouting is stopped when the hole is filled with cement grout. Finally, the anchoring device is detached from the anchor rod and returns to its original position.

[0004] The above processes are mainly achieved through an anchoring device, which consists of several working components: a guide tube, an anchor rod sleeve, a nut sleeve, an anchor rod sleeve drive motor, a nut sleeve drive motor, and a pulling cylinder. The guide tube is responsible for contacting the butterfly-shaped pad of the anchor rod and pressing against the rock wall, thus guiding the movement of the anchor rod sleeve and nut sleeve. The anchor rod sleeve is responsible for four tasks: connecting the anchoring device to the anchor rod, pushing the anchor rod into the anchor hole, anchoring the anchor rod to the rock wall, and separating the anchoring device from the anchor rod. The pulling cylinder is responsible for pulling the anchor rod, and the nut sleeve is responsible for tightening the nut. The guide tube, nut sleeve, and anchor rod sleeve are coaxial outer, middle, and inner sleeves, with gaps between adjacent parts. The anchor rod sleeve and the pulling cylinder are connected at the tail of the anchoring device.

[0005] In existing anchoring devices, the main criterion for judging whether grouting is complete during anchor bolt grouting support construction is whether cement grout seeps out of the anchor bolt hole. This step relies entirely on the operator's judgment, which can lead to excessive cement grout overflow. Since the cement grout is under pressure during grouting, excessive overflow can cause backflow. The cement grout enters the gap between the guide tube, nut sleeve, and anchor sleeve along the head of the anchoring device. If the cement grout in the gap is not cleaned in time, it will continue to seep into the anchoring device over time and eventually enter the gearbox that drives the nut sleeve and anchor sleeve, thus affecting the operation of the gearbox. In severe cases, the cement grout can also corrode and damage the gears. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To overcome the defects and deficiencies in the existing technology, this invention provides an anchoring device and equipment for anchor bolt pushing and grouting. The purpose of this invention is to solve the problem of grout backflow affecting gearbox operation in existing anchoring devices. This invention has a radial grout discharge hole I on the guide tube and a radial grout discharge hole II on the nut sleeve. A grease grout-blocking assembly I is installed on the nut sleeve at the tail end of the guide tube, and a grease grout-blocking assembly II is installed on the anchor sleeve at the tail end of the nut sleeve. When the grease grout-blocking assembly II fails, the failed portion forms an axial grout discharge hole, and the grout in the gap between the nut sleeve and the anchor sleeve is discharged through the axial grout discharge hole. An independent grout discharge chamber is provided on the gearbox, and the grease grout-blocking assembly II is located within this grout discharge chamber. This invention employs a quadruple anti-backflow grouting system consisting of radial active grouting, axial passive sealing, axial passive grouting, and gearbox grouting. This fundamentally solves the problem of existing anchoring devices where cement grout seeps back into the gearbox, affecting gearbox operation and causing gear corrosion and wear. It significantly improves the working stability and service life of the anchoring device, reduces equipment maintenance costs and the probability of downtime, and ensures the continuity and efficiency of tunnel anchor grouting support construction.

[0007] To address the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solution.

[0008] The first aspect of this invention provides an anchoring device for pushing and grouting anchor bolts, comprising a guide tube, a nut sleeve, an anchor bolt sleeve, a gearbox, a nut drive motor, an anchor bolt drive motor, and a pulling cylinder. The guide tube is fixedly mounted at one end of the gearbox. The nut sleeve is located inside the guide tube, with its transmission end extending into the gearbox. The nut drive motor is mounted on the gearbox and is connected to the nut sleeve via a nut transmission assembly within the gearbox, driving the nut sleeve to rotate. The anchor bolt sleeve is placed inside the nut sleeve, with its end protruding from the nut sleeve passing through the gearbox and the pulling cylinder in sequence, and connected to the grouting joint. The anchor bolt drive motor is mounted inside the gearbox and is connected to the anchor bolt sleeve via an anchor bolt transmission assembly within the gearbox, driving the anchor bolt sleeve to rotate. The piston inside the pulling cylinder is axially fixed to the body of the anchor bolt sleeve that passes through the pulling cylinder. The guide tube has a radial grout discharge hole I, and the nut sleeve has a radial grout discharge hole II. At the tail end of the guide tube, the nut sleeve is equipped with a grease grout-blocking assembly I for sealing the gap between the guide tube and the nut sleeve and for rotating and sealing the nut sleeve. At the tail end of the nut sleeve, the anchor rod is equipped with a grease grout-blocking assembly II for sealing the gap between the nut sleeve and the anchor rod and for rotating and sealing the anchor rod. The gearbox is equipped with a grout discharge chamber isolated from the nut drive assembly and the anchor drive assembly. The grease grout-blocking assembly II is located in the grout discharge chamber. When the grease grout-blocking assembly II fails, the failed part forms an axial grout discharge hole. The grout in the gap between the nut sleeve and the anchor rod is discharged from the axial grout discharge hole and then discharged from the gearbox through the grout discharge chamber.

[0009] More preferably, the tail end of the nut sleeve is equipped with a sealing cap, and a third sealing element is provided inside the sealing cap to rotate and seal with the anchor sleeve. The sealing cap and the third sealing element cooperate to seal the gap between the nut sleeve and the anchor sleeve. A grease injection head II is provided on the tail end of the nut sleeve for injecting grease into the gap between the nut sleeve and the anchor sleeve. The sealing cap, the third sealing element and the grease injection head II at the tail end of the nut sleeve form the grease baffle assembly II.

[0010] More preferably, the axial grout discharge hole is the assembly gap between the sealing cap and the anchor rod sleeve.

[0011] Preferably, the axial position of the radial slurry discharge hole II corresponds to that of the radial slurry discharge hole I.

[0012] More preferably, the third sealing element is a lip seal ring.

[0013] More preferably, the gearbox is provided with a transmission cavity I for accommodating the nut transmission assembly and a transmission cavity II for accommodating the anchor bolt transmission assembly, and the transmission cavity I and transmission cavity II are independent of each other; the slurry discharge cavity is located between the transmission cavity I and the transmission cavity II.

[0014] More preferably, the slurry discharge chamber is an open structure, which is an open window formed between the transmission chamber I and the transmission chamber II, through which grease is injected into the grease injection head II of the grease baffle assembly II.

[0015] More preferably, the guide tube is fixedly assembled to one end of the gearbox via a fixed mounting sleeve, and the grease baffle assembly I is disposed inside the fixed mounting sleeve.

[0016] More preferably, a sealing cavity I is formed between the inner wall of the fixed mounting sleeve and the nut sleeve rod, the grease baffle assembly I is disposed in the sealing cavity I, the grease baffle assembly I includes a first sealing element and a second sealing element, a grease cavity is formed between the first sealing element and the second sealing element, and the fixed mounting sleeve is provided with a grease injection head I for injecting grease into the grease cavity.

[0017] In a further preferred embodiment, a sealing step is formed at the bottom of the side wall of the sealing cavity I near the guide tube, and a conical step that mates with the sealing step is provided at the corresponding position on the nut sleeve.

[0018] More preferably, the first and second sealing elements are lip seals.

[0019] A second aspect of the present invention provides an anchor grouting device, which includes the anchor grouting apparatus described in the first aspect for pushing and grouting anchor bolts. This anchor grouting device is used for anchor bolt grouting support construction.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial technical effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. This invention, while retaining core functional components such as guide tubes, nut sleeves, and anchor sleeves to ensure the normal operation of basic processes such as anchor pushing, anchoring, prestressing application, and grouting, innovatively constructs a four-fold anti-backflow system consisting of "radial active grout discharge + axial passive sealing + axial passive grout discharge + gearbox grout discharge." This system precisely addresses the core problem of grout backflow seeping into the gearbox in existing anchoring devices, forming a closed-loop protection from multiple dimensions: grout discharge, sealing, secondary discharge, and isolation protection. The radial grout discharge hole actively discharges part of the backflow, the grease-sealed grout baffle actively seals the remaining backflow, the axial grout discharge hole passively discharges leaking backflow when sealing fails, and the gearbox grout discharge chamber ultimately isolates and discharges the backflow. The four-fold protection works synergistically to fundamentally eliminate the risk of cement slurry seeping back into the gearbox, completely solve the problems of gearbox operation being affected and gears being corroded and worn in existing devices, significantly improve the working stability and service life of the anchoring device, reduce equipment maintenance costs and the probability of downtime due to malfunctions, ensure the continuity and efficiency of tunnel anchor grouting support construction, and provide more reliable equipment support for anchor support operations in complex working conditions such as soft rock tunnels.

[0021] 2. The assembly and connection structure of the guide tube, nut sleeve, anchor sleeve, gearbox, drive motor and pulling cylinder in this invention provides a stable and reliable basic carrier for the anti-slurry backflow system. The guide tube is fixedly assembled at one end of the gearbox to ensure its stability during construction, creating conditions for stable grout discharge from the subsequent radial grout discharge hole I. The coaxial nesting design of the nut sleeve and the anchor sleeve not only meets the functional requirements of anchor pushing and nut tightening, but also clarifies the main path of grout return flow (the gap between the guide tube and the nut sleeve, and the gap between the nut sleeve and the anchor sleeve), allowing the anti-grout return design to act precisely on key gaps. The axial fixed connection between the piston in the pulling cylinder and the anchor sleeve body ensures the axial stability of the anchor sleeve when pulling force is applied, avoiding sleeve displacement that could cause gap deformation, thereby preventing disorder in the grout return flow path and ensuring that each component of the anti-grout return system can function according to the preset logic. The structure of the anchor sleeve passing through the nut sleeve and gearbox and connecting to the grouting joint realizes the synergy between the grouting channel and the anti-grout return structure. While completing the grouting operation, the grout return can be processed by the anti-grout return system along the preset gaps, ensuring the unity of the overall device's function and protection.

[0022] 3. The radial grout drain hole I on the guide tube and the axially corresponding radial grout drain hole II on the nut sleeve constitute the first line of radial active grout drainage defense, which can directly drain part of the backflow grout that enters the gap between the guide tube and the nut sleeve, and between the nut sleeve and the anchor sleeve. The guide tube remains stationary, and its radial grout drain hole I maintains a stable grout drainage state, continuously emptying the backflow grout in the gap between the guide tube and the nut sleeve, preventing grout accumulation in this area. The nut sleeve needs to rotate according to operational requirements. When the radial grout drain hole II aligns with the radial grout drain hole I, grout drainage is smoother. Although it cannot drain all the backflow grout in the gap between the nut sleeve and the anchor sleeve, it still reduces the total amount of backflow in this area, easing the pressure on subsequent sealing and protection. Simultaneously, the grease-blocking grout assembly I on the nut sleeve at the tail of the guide tube forms a rotational seal with the nut sleeve, effectively sealing the gap between the guide tube and the nut sleeve, intercepting the small amount of backflow grout that has not been drained through the radial grout drain hole I, and preventing it from seeping towards the gearbox. The active grout discharge of radial grout discharge hole I and the passive sealing of grease baffle assembly I work together to achieve efficient treatment of grout return from the gap between the guide tube and the nut sleeve rod, ensuring that grout return from this area will not enter the gearbox.

[0023] 4. The grease-blocking component II on the anchor rod at the tail of the nut sleeve forms a rotational seal with the anchor rod, constituting the second layer of axial passive sealing defense. It is mainly used to seal the gap between the nut sleeve and the anchor rod, intercepting grout that has not been discharged through the radial grout discharge hole II. Considering that in practical applications, the cement grout in the grout flows axially along the sleeve, and the rotation of the nut sleeve causes only partial grout discharge through the radial grout discharge hole II, a considerable amount of grout will still impact the grease-blocking component II. When the grease-blocking component II fails, the failed part forms an axial grout discharge hole, forming the third layer of axial passive grout discharge defense. When the grease-blocking component II fails to seal due to excessive grout pressure or long-term use, the axial grout discharge hole can quickly discharge the leaking grout in the gap between the nut sleeve and the anchor rod along the kinetic energy direction of the cement grout's axial flow, preventing the grout from directly seeping into the gearbox. The design of the axial grout discharge hole is precisely matched to the grout flow characteristics, which makes up for the problem of incomplete grout discharge caused by the rotation of the nut sleeve in the radial grout discharge hole II. At the same time, it provides emergency protection for the grease baffle assembly II after failure, further improving the reliability and fault tolerance of the anti-grout discharge system.

[0024] 5. The grout discharge chamber on the gearbox, isolated from the nut drive assembly and anchor bolt drive assembly, houses the grease baffle assembly II, forming a fourth layer of grout discharge protection for the gearbox and providing dual key technical benefits. Firstly, the grout discharge chamber can smoothly receive the grout discharged from the axial grout discharge hole of the grease baffle assembly II and guide it out of the gearbox through its own structure, preventing grout accumulation inside the gearbox. Secondly, the grout discharge chamber is physically isolated from the nut drive assembly and anchor bolt drive assembly. Even if a small amount of grout is not discharged through the axial grout discharge hole, it will be confined within the grout discharge chamber and cannot contact the drive components, completely eliminating the impact of grout on key transmission components such as gear meshing and motor transmission, ensuring the transmission accuracy and service life of the drive components. Furthermore, the grout discharge chamber provides an independent installation and working space for the grease baffle assembly II, facilitating component maintenance and replacement, while preventing grout from mixing with oil stains and metal shavings from the drive components, reducing subsequent cleaning difficulties.

[0025] 6. The sealing cap assembled at the tail end of the nut sleeve, the internal third seal, and the grease injection head II together constitute the grease-blocking assembly II. This structural design combines sealing, lubrication, and convenient maintenance functions. The sealing cap not only provides a stable mounting carrier for the third seal but also protects it from direct exposure to grout impact and construction dust, extending the seal's service life. The third seal rotates and seals with the anchor sleeve, directly undertaking the core function of sealing the gap between the nut sleeve and the anchor sleeve, ensuring effective interception of grout under normal working conditions. The grease injection head II can inject grease into the gap between the nut sleeve and the anchor sleeve. The grease enhances the sealing performance of the third seal, fills the tiny gaps between the seal and the sleeve, and lubricates the contact area between the third seal and the anchor sleeve, reducing frictional loss during sleeve rotation and extending the service life of both the seal and the sleeve. Meanwhile, the axial grout discharge hole is the assembly gap between the sealing cap and the anchor rod sleeve. The assembly gap between the sealing cap and the anchor rod sleeve can be used directly without the need for additional components, simplifying the overall structural design. Moreover, the fixing characteristics of the sealing cap ensure that the position of the axial grout discharge hole is stable and can continuously perform the grout discharge function.

[0026] 7. A lip seal ring is selected as the third sealing element to fully meet the working requirements and characteristics of the grease-blocking assembly II. The lip seal ring has excellent elasticity and sealing performance. Under the pressure of grout return, its lip can tightly fit the surface of the anchor bolt sleeve, adaptively adjusting the fit as the sleeve rotates, always maintaining effective sealing of the gap between the nut sleeve and the anchor bolt sleeve. Even with slight radial runout of the sleeve, it can maintain the sealing effect, reducing the risk of grout return leakage. At the same time, the lip seal ring has excellent wear resistance and grease resistance. Under the lubrication and protection of grease, it can withstand the friction caused by the rotation of the anchor bolt sleeve for a long time, and is not prone to seal failure due to wear, extending the seal replacement cycle and reducing equipment maintenance costs and downtime. Furthermore, the lip seal ring has a simple structure, is easy to install, and has strong assembly compatibility with the sealing cap, allowing for rapid integration into the grease-blocking assembly II, ensuring the overall sealing performance and operational stability of the assembly.

[0027] 8. The gearbox is equipped with two independent transmission chambers: Transmission Chamber I (accommodating the nut transmission assembly) and Transmission Chamber II (accommodating the anchor bolt transmission assembly), with the grout discharge chamber positioned between them. This layout design offers multiple advantages. First, the independence of Transmission Chamber I and Transmission Chamber II prevents interference between the nut transmission assembly and the anchor bolt transmission assembly during operation, and prevents metal debris and lubricating oil generated during gear meshing from flowing between the two chambers, ensuring their respective transmission accuracy and efficiency and reducing transmission failures caused by component interference. Second, the grout discharge chamber, located between the two transmission chambers, simultaneously protects the transmission assemblies on both sides. Regardless of the direction of grout leakage into the grout discharge chamber, it cannot enter Transmission Chamber I or Transmission Chamber II, maximizing the protection range of the transmission assemblies. Finally, the independent chamber layout makes the installation and maintenance of each component more convenient. Workers can perform targeted inspections of the transmission assemblies or the grout discharge chamber without disassembling the entire gearbox, reducing maintenance difficulty and workload. It also facilitates cleaning of each chamber, reducing the impact of impurity accumulation on equipment performance.

[0028] 9. The grout discharge chamber adopts an open window structure, through which grease can be injected into the grease injection head II of the grease baffle assembly II. This design significantly improves the convenience of equipment maintenance while ensuring the grout discharge function. The open structure allows the grout in the grout discharge chamber to be discharged more quickly and smoothly, avoiding grout retention caused by the chamber being closed. At the same time, it allows the staff to directly observe the grout discharge situation in the grout discharge chamber, promptly detect any abnormalities in the anti-grout system (such as a sudden increase in grout volume, which may indicate seal failure), and facilitate timely troubleshooting. In addition, grease can be injected directly into the grease injection head II through the window without disassembling the gearbox or other parts of the anchoring device, simplifying the grease replenishment process, reducing maintenance time and workload, and ensuring that the grease baffle assembly II can maintain good sealing and lubrication effects for a long time. The open window design achieves the integration of "grout discharge-observation-maintenance" without affecting the isolation and protection function of the grout discharge chamber, further improving the practicality and maintainability of the anchoring device.

[0029] 10. The guide tube is fixedly mounted to one end of the gearbox via a fixed mounting sleeve. This fixing method not only enhances the firmness of the connection between the guide tube and the gearbox, preventing displacement or shaking of the guide tube during anchor rod pushing and pulling operations, but also ensures the precise and reliable guiding effect of the guide tube on the anchor rod sleeve and nut sleeve, providing a foundation for the stable movement of each sleeve. It also creates a stable space for the installation of the grease-blocking assembly I. By placing the grease-blocking assembly I inside the fixed mounting sleeve, the fixed mounting sleeve serves the dual function of fixing the guide tube and accommodating the sealing assembly, optimizing the structural layout, reducing additional components, and lowering overall complexity. The fixed mounting sleeve also protects the grease-blocking assembly I, preventing direct exposure to the construction environment, reducing wear on the seal from dust, rock debris, and other impurities, extending the assembly's service life, and ensuring its long-term sealing effect. In conjunction with the radial grout discharge hole I on the guide tube, it continuously and efficiently handles the grout return within the gap between the guide tube and the nut sleeve.

[0030] 11. The sealing cavity I formed between the inner wall of the fixed installation sleeve and the nut sleeve provides an independent and sealed working space for the grease baffle assembly I, preventing external environmental interference during operation and preventing grease leakage or external impurities from entering the assembly. This ensures the stable functioning of the first and second seals and the grease. The first and second seals in the grease baffle assembly I form a double seal, effectively intercepting backflow grease that has not been discharged from the radial grease drain hole I. After grease is injected into the grease cavity between them through the grease injection head I, the grease not only enhances the sealing performance of the seals and fills the tiny gaps between the seals and the nut sleeve, but also lubricates both the seals and the nut sleeve, reducing frictional wear during rotation and extending their service life. The sealed environment of the sealing cavity I and the lubricating seal of the grease cavity work together to make the sealing effect of the grease baffle assembly I more durable and stable, further strengthening the anti-backflow capability of the gap between the guide tube and the nut sleeve.

[0031] 12. A sealing step is formed at the bottom of the side wall of the sealing cavity I near the guide tube, and a conical step that mates with this sealing step is provided at the corresponding position of the nut sleeve. This mating structure further optimizes the sealing effect of the gap between the guide tube and the nut sleeve. The tight fit between the conical step and the sealing step can form an additional physical barrier when slurry that has not been discharged from the radial slurry drain hole I in time seeps towards the gearbox, slowing down the slurry seepage rate and allowing time for the radial slurry drain hole I to fully discharge slurry. At the same time, compared with the planar fit, the conical fit has a larger contact area and a tighter fit, which can effectively reduce the possibility of slurry seeping from the gap between the two. It forms a synergistic sealing effect with the double seal of the grease baffle assembly I, further improving the anti-backflow effect of the gap between the guide tube and the nut sleeve, ensuring that backflow in this area will not break through multiple defenses and enter the gearbox.

[0032] 13. Lip seals are selected as the first and second sealing elements, fully utilizing their structural advantages to adapt to the working requirements of the grease baffle assembly I. Lip seals possess excellent elasticity and sealing performance. Under the pressure of grease return and the lubrication of grease, their lips can tightly adhere to the surface of the nut sleeve. As the nut sleeve rotates, the fit is adaptively adjusted, maintaining effective sealing of the gap between the guide tube and the nut sleeve. Even with slight vibrations during sleeve rotation, a stable sealing effect is maintained, reducing the risk of grease return and leakage. Simultaneously, lip seals have good wear resistance and grease resistance. Under the lubrication and protection of grease within the grease cavity, they can withstand the friction caused by the rotation of the nut sleeve for extended periods, are not easily damaged, and have a long service life. This reduces the frequency of seal replacement, lowers equipment maintenance costs and downtime, and ensures that the grease baffle assembly I maintains good sealing and lubrication effects for a long time. Together with the radial grease drain hole I and the sealing step, it forms comprehensive protection against grease return from the gap between the guide tube and the nut sleeve. Attached Figure Description

[0033] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the anchoring device of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional cross-sectional view of the anchoring device of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the front cross-sectional structure of the anchoring device of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a bottom cross-sectional view of the anchoring device of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the grease-blocking component I in the anchoring device of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the grease-blocking component II in the anchoring device of the present invention; Reference numerals: 1. Guide tube; 2. Nut sleeve; 3. Anchor bolt sleeve; 4. Gearbox; 5. Nut drive motor; 6. Anchor bolt drive motor; 7. Pulling cylinder; 8. Grouting joint; 9. Nut transmission assembly; 10. Anchor bolt transmission assembly; 11. Piston; 12. Radial grout discharge hole I; 13. Radial grout discharge hole II; 14. Grease grout baffle assembly I; 15. Grease grout baffle assembly II; 16. Grout discharge chamber; 17. Axial grout discharge hole; 18. Fixed mounting sleeve; 19. Sealing chamber I; 20. First seal; 21. Second seal; 22. Grease chamber; 23. Grease injection head I; 24. Sealing step; 25. Conical step; 26. Transmission chamber I; 27. Transmission chamber II; 28. Sealing cap; 29. ​​Third seal; 30. Grease injection head II. Detailed Implementation

[0034] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0035] Example 1 As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, please refer to the appendix to the specification. Figure 1 Appendix Figure 2 Appendix Figure 3 and attached Figure 6 As shown, the anchoring device generally includes a guide tube 1, a nut sleeve 2, an anchor sleeve 3, a gearbox 4, a nut drive motor 5, an anchor drive motor 6, and a pulling cylinder 7. The guide tube 1 is fixedly mounted on one end of the gearbox 4. The nut sleeve 2 is located inside the guide tube 1, with its transmission end extending into the gearbox 4. The nut drive motor 5 is mounted on the gearbox 4 and is connected to the nut sleeve 2 via the nut transmission assembly 9 inside the gearbox 4, driving the nut sleeve 2 to rotate. The anchor sleeve 3 is placed inside the nut sleeve 2, and the end of the anchor sleeve 3 that extends out of the nut sleeve 2 passes through the gearbox 4 and the pulling cylinder 7 in sequence, connecting to the grouting joint 8. The anchor drive motor 6 is mounted inside the gearbox 4 and is connected to the anchor sleeve 3 via the anchor transmission assembly 10 inside the gearbox 4, driving the anchor sleeve 3 to rotate. The piston 11 inside the pulling cylinder 7 is axially fixed to the rod body of the anchor sleeve 3 that passes into the pulling cylinder 7.

[0036] During the construction of anchor bolt grouting support, the main criterion for judging whether grouting is completed is whether cement grout seeps out of the anchor bolt hole. This step relies entirely on the operator's judgment, which can lead to excessive cement grout overflow. Since the cement grout is under pressure during grouting, excessive overflow can cause backflow. The cement grout enters the gap between the guide tube 1, nut sleeve 2, and anchor sleeve 3 along the head of the anchoring device. If the cement grout in the gap is not cleaned in time, it will continue to seep into the anchoring device over time until it enters the gearbox 4 that drives the nut sleeve 2 and anchor sleeve 3, thus affecting the operation of the gearbox 4. In severe cases, the cement grout can also corrode and damage the gears.

[0037] While retaining core functional components such as guide tube 1, nut sleeve 2, and anchor sleeve 3, and ensuring the normal operation of basic processes such as anchor pushing, anchoring, prestressing application, and grouting, an innovative four-fold anti-backflow grouting system is constructed, consisting of "radial active grouting discharge + axial passive sealing + axial passive grouting discharge + gearbox 4 grouting discharge". This system precisely addresses the core problem of grout backflow and penetration into gearbox 4 in existing anchoring devices, forming a closed-loop protection from multiple dimensions including grout discharge, sealing, secondary discharge, and isolation protection. Specifically: a radial grout discharge hole I12 is provided on the guide tube 1, and a radial grout discharge hole II13 is provided on the nut sleeve 2. A grease grout blocking assembly I14 is provided on the nut sleeve 2 at the tail of the guide tube 1 to seal the gap between the guide tube 1 and the nut sleeve 2 and to rotate and seal with the nut sleeve 2. A grease grout blocking assembly II15 is provided on the anchor sleeve 3 at the tail of the nut sleeve to seal the gap between the nut sleeve 2 and the anchor sleeve 3 and to rotate and seal with the anchor sleeve 3. A grout discharge chamber 16 is provided on the gearbox 4, which is isolated from the nut transmission assembly 9 and the anchor transmission assembly 10. The grease grout blocking assembly II15 is located in the grout discharge chamber 16. When the grease grout blocking assembly II15 fails, the failed part forms an axial grout discharge hole 17. The grout in the gap between the nut sleeve 2 and the anchor sleeve 3 is discharged from the axial grout discharge hole 17 and then discharged from the gearbox 4 through the grout discharge chamber 16.

[0038] When the axial position of radial grout discharge hole II13 corresponds to that of radial grout discharge hole I12, it ensures smoother grout discharge from radial grout discharge hole II13.

[0039] The radial grout discharge hole actively discharges some of the returned grout, the grease-sealed grout assembly actively seals the remaining returned grout, and the axial grout discharge hole 17 passively discharges the leaking returned grout when the sealing fails. Finally, the grout discharge chamber 16 of the gearbox 4 isolates and discharges the returned grout. This four-fold protection works synergistically to fundamentally eliminate the risk of cement grout seeping back into the gearbox 4, completely solve the problems of the gearbox 4 being affected and the gears being corroded and worn in the existing device, significantly improve the working stability and service life of the anchoring device, reduce equipment maintenance costs and the probability of downtime, ensure the continuity and efficiency of tunnel anchor grouting support construction, and provide more reliable equipment support for anchor support operations in complex conditions such as soft rock tunnels.

[0040] In this embodiment, the radial grout discharge hole I12 on the guide pipe 1 and the radial grout discharge hole II13 on the nut sleeve 2, which are axially corresponding, constitute the first radial active grout discharge defense line, which can directly discharge part of the backflow grout that enters the gap between the guide pipe 1 and the nut sleeve 2, and between the nut sleeve 2 and the anchor sleeve 3. When grouting is completed, excess cement grout flows back along the head of the anchoring device. When the back grout flows through the gap between the guide pipe 1 and the nut sleeve 2, and the gap between the nut sleeve 2 and the anchor sleeve 3, it is discharged once through the radial grout discharge hole I12 on the guide pipe 1 and the radial grout discharge hole II13 on the nut sleeve 2. When the back grout is small, all the back grout will be discharged here. When the back grout is large, the pressure in the back grout increases accordingly. Some of the back grout is discharged through the radial grout discharge hole I12 and the radial grout discharge hole II13. Some grout continues to flow axially from the gap between the guide pipe 1 and the nut sleeve 2, and the gap between the nut sleeve 2 and the anchor sleeve 3, toward the gearbox 4. In this case, the grease baffle assembly I14 and the grease baffle assembly II15 block the back grout, so that the back grout can only be discharged through the radial grout discharge hole I12 and the radial grout discharge hole II13.

[0041] With the guide tube 1 fixed in place, its radial grout discharge hole I12 always maintains a stable grout discharge state, which can continuously drain the grout in the gap between the guide tube 1 and the nut sleeve 2, and prevent the grout from accumulating in this area. The nut sleeve 2 needs to rotate according to the operation requirements. When the radial grout discharge hole II13 is aligned with the radial grout discharge hole I12, the grout discharge is smoother. Although it cannot drain all the grout in the gap between the nut sleeve 2 and the anchor sleeve 3, it can still reduce the total amount of grout in this area, and reduce the pressure on subsequent sealing and protection.

[0042] In practical applications, the cement slurry in the backflow flows axially along the sleeve rod, and the rotation of the nut sleeve rod 2 causes the radial slurry discharge hole II13 to only discharge slurry smoothly for a portion of the time. A considerable amount of backflow still impacts the grease baffle assembly II15. When the grease baffle assembly II15 fails, the failed part forms the axial slurry discharge hole 17, forming a third axial passive slurry discharge defense line. When the grease baffle assembly II15 experiences sealing failure due to excessive backflow pressure or long-term use, the axial slurry discharge hole 17 can quickly discharge the leaking backflow slurry in the gap between the nut sleeve rod 2 and the anchor sleeve rod 3 along the kinetic energy direction of the cement slurry's axial flow, preventing the backflow slurry from directly seeping into the gearbox 4. The design of the axial slurry discharge hole 17 precisely matches the backflow flow characteristics, compensating for the incomplete slurry discharge problem caused by the rotation of the nut sleeve rod 2 in the radial slurry discharge hole II13, while providing emergency protection after the failure of the grease baffle assembly II15, further improving the reliability and fault tolerance of the anti-backflow system.

[0043] The grout discharge chamber 16, isolated from the nut drive assembly 9 and the anchor rod drive assembly 10, is located on the gearbox 4 and houses the grease baffle assembly II 15, forming a fourth grout discharge defense line for the gearbox 4, achieving dual key technical effects. On the one hand, the grout discharge chamber 16 can smoothly receive the slurry discharged from the axial grout discharge hole 17 of the grease baffle assembly II 15 and guide it out of the gearbox 4 through its own structure, preventing slurry accumulation inside the gearbox 4. On the other hand, the grout discharge chamber 16 is physically isolated from the nut drive assembly 9 and the anchor rod drive assembly 10. Even if a small amount of slurry is not discharged through the axial grout discharge hole 17, it will be confined within the grout discharge chamber 16 and cannot contact the drive assembly, completely eliminating the impact of slurry on key transmission links such as gear meshing and motor transmission, ensuring the transmission accuracy and service life of the drive assembly. In addition, the slurry discharge chamber 16 provides an independent installation and working space for the grease baffle assembly II 15, which facilitates the maintenance and replacement of the assembly, while preventing the backflow of slurry from mixing with the oil stains, metal shavings and other contaminants of the transmission assembly, thus reducing the difficulty of subsequent cleaning.

[0044] As an example of this embodiment, the slurry discharge chamber 16 in the gearbox 4 can be a separate cavity structure set in the gearbox 4. This cavity structure has an independent openable and closable maintenance door to collect slurry, or to open the maintenance door to add grease to the grease baffle assembly II 15.

[0045] Example 2 As another preferred embodiment of the present invention, this embodiment is a further detailed supplement and explanation of the technical solution of the present invention based on the above-described embodiment 1. In this embodiment, reference is made to the appendix to the specification. Figure 4 and attached Figure 6 As shown, a sealing cap 28 is fitted at the tail end of the nut sleeve rod 2. A third sealing element 29 is provided inside the sealing cap 28 to rotate and seal with the anchor rod sleeve rod 3. The sealing cap 28 and the third sealing element 29 cooperate to seal the gap between the nut sleeve rod 2 and the anchor rod sleeve rod 3. A grease injection head II 30 is provided on the tail end of the nut sleeve rod 2 to inject grease into the gap between the nut sleeve rod 2 and the anchor rod sleeve rod 3. The sealing cap 28, the third sealing element 29 and the grease injection head II 30 at the tail end of the nut sleeve rod 2 form the grease baffle assembly II 15. The axial grout discharge hole 17 is the assembly gap between the sealing cap 28 and the anchor rod sleeve rod 3.

[0046] This structural design combines sealing, lubrication, and convenient maintenance. The sealing cap 28 not only provides a stable mounting carrier for the third seal 29 but also protects it from direct exposure to slurry impact and construction dust, extending its service life. The third seal 29 rotates and seals with the anchor rod sleeve 3, directly undertaking the core function of sealing the gap between the nut sleeve 2 and the anchor rod sleeve 3, ensuring effective interception of slurry under normal operating conditions. The grease injection head II 30 can inject grease into the gap between the nut sleeve 2 and the anchor rod sleeve 3. The grease enhances the sealing performance of the third seal 29, fills the tiny gap between the seal and the sleeve, and lubricates the contact area between the third seal 29 and the anchor rod sleeve 3, reducing frictional loss during sleeve rotation and extending the service life of both the seal and the sleeve. Meanwhile, the axial grout discharge hole 17 is the assembly gap between the sealing cap 28 and the anchor rod sleeve 3. The structural space of the sealing cap 28 can be directly utilized without the need for additional components, simplifying the overall structural design. Furthermore, the fixing characteristics of the sealing cap 28 ensure that the axial grout discharge hole 17 is in a stable position and can continuously perform the grout discharge function.

[0047] As an example of this embodiment, the third sealing element 29 is a lip seal ring. It is fully adapted to the working requirements and operating conditions of the grease-blocking assembly II 15. The lip seal ring has good elasticity and sealing performance. Under the pressure of grout return, its lip can tightly fit the surface of the anchor rod sleeve 3, adaptively adjusting the fit as the sleeve rotates, always maintaining effective sealing of the gap between the nut sleeve 2 and the anchor rod sleeve 3. Even with slight radial runout of the sleeve, it can maintain the sealing effect, reducing the risk of grout return leakage. At the same time, the lip seal ring has excellent wear resistance and grease resistance. Under the lubrication and protection of grease, it can withstand the friction caused by the rotation of the anchor rod sleeve 3 for a long time, and is not prone to seal failure due to wear, extending the seal replacement cycle and reducing equipment maintenance costs and downtime. Furthermore, the lip seal ring has a simple structure, is easy to install, and has strong assembly compatibility with the sealing cap 28, allowing for rapid integration into the grease-blocking assembly II 15, ensuring the overall sealing performance and operational stability of the assembly.

[0048] Example 3 As another preferred embodiment of the present invention, this embodiment is a further detailed supplement and explanation of the technical solution of the present invention based on the above-described Embodiment 1 or Embodiment 2. In this embodiment, reference is made to the appendix to the specification. Figure 1 Appendix Figure 2 and attached Figure 3As shown, the gearbox 4 is provided with a transmission cavity I26 for accommodating the nut transmission assembly 9 and a transmission cavity II27 for accommodating the anchor bolt transmission assembly 10. The transmission cavity I26 and the transmission cavity II27 are independent of each other. The slurry discharge cavity 16 is located between the transmission cavity I26 and the transmission cavity II27. First, the independent transmission chambers I26 and II27 prevent interference between the nut transmission assembly 9 and the anchor bolt transmission assembly 10 during operation, and prevent metal shavings and lubricating oil generated by gear meshing from flowing between the two chambers, ensuring their respective transmission accuracy and efficiency, and reducing transmission failures caused by component interference. Second, the slurry discharge chamber 16 is located between the two transmission chambers, which can simultaneously protect the transmission assemblies on both sides. No matter which direction the slurry leaks into the slurry discharge chamber 16, it cannot enter the transmission chamber I26 or the transmission chamber II27, maximizing the protection range of the transmission assembly. Finally, the independent chamber layout makes the installation and maintenance of each component more convenient. The staff can perform targeted maintenance on the transmission assembly or the slurry discharge chamber 16 without disassembling the entire gearbox 4, reducing the difficulty and workload of maintenance, and also facilitating the cleaning of each chamber, reducing the impact of impurity accumulation on equipment performance.

[0049] As a preferred embodiment of this practice, please refer to the appendix to the specification. Figure 1 As shown, the slurry discharge chamber 16 has an open structure, forming an open window between the transmission chamber I 26 and the transmission chamber II 27. Grease is injected into the grease injection head II 30 of the grease baffle assembly II 15 through this window. The open window structure of the slurry discharge chamber 16, allowing grease to be injected into the grease injection head II 30 of the grease baffle assembly II 15, significantly improves equipment maintenance convenience while ensuring the slurry discharge function. The open structure allows the slurry returning to the slurry discharge chamber 16 to drain more quickly and smoothly, avoiding slurry retention due to chamber closure. It also allows workers to visually observe the slurry discharge situation within the slurry discharge chamber 16, promptly detecting any abnormalities in the anti-slurry system (such as a sudden increase in slurry volume potentially indicating seal failure), facilitating timely troubleshooting. Furthermore, injecting grease directly into the grease injection head II 30 through the window eliminates the need to disassemble the gearbox 4 or other components of the anchoring device, simplifying the grease replenishment process, reducing maintenance time and workload, and ensuring that the grease baffle assembly II 15 maintains good sealing and lubrication effects over a long period. The open window design achieves the integration of "grout discharge-observation-maintenance" without affecting the isolation and protection function of the grout discharge chamber 16, further improving the practicality and maintainability of the anchoring device.

[0050] Example 4 As another preferred embodiment of the present invention, this embodiment is a further detailed supplement and explanation of the technical solution of the present invention based on the above-described embodiments 1, 2, or 3. In this embodiment, reference is made to the appendix to the specification. Figure 4 and attached Figure 5As shown, the guide tube 1 is fixedly mounted to one end of the gearbox 4 via a fixed mounting sleeve 18, and the grease baffle assembly I 14 is disposed within the fixed mounting sleeve 18. This fixing method not only enhances the firmness of the connection between the guide tube 1 and the gearbox 4, preventing displacement or shaking of the guide tube 1 during anchor rod pushing, pulling, and other operations, but also ensures that the guide tube 1 provides accurate and reliable guidance for the anchor rod sleeve 3 and nut sleeve 2, providing a foundation for the stable movement of each sleeve, while also creating a stable space for the installation of the grease baffle assembly I 14. By placing the grease baffle assembly I 14 within the fixed mounting sleeve 18, the fixed mounting sleeve 18 has the dual function of fixing the guide tube 1 and accommodating the sealing assembly, optimizing the structural layout of the mechanism, reducing the number of additional components, and lowering the overall complexity. The fixed installation sleeve 18 also protects the grease-blocking grout assembly I14, preventing it from being directly exposed to the construction environment, reducing the wear of the seals by dust, rock chips and other debris, extending the service life of the assembly, ensuring its long-term sealing effect, and working in conjunction with the radial grout discharge hole I12 on the guide tube 1 to continuously and efficiently handle the grout return in the gap between the guide tube 1 and the nut sleeve 2.

[0051] Furthermore, a sealed cavity I19 is formed between the inner wall of the fixed mounting sleeve 18 and the nut sleeve 2. The grease baffle assembly I14 is disposed within the sealed cavity I19. The grease baffle assembly I14 includes a first sealing element 20 and a second sealing element 21, forming a grease cavity 22 between the first sealing element 20 and the second sealing element 21. The fixed mounting sleeve 18 is provided with a grease injection head I23 for injecting grease into the grease cavity 22. The sealed cavity I19 formed between the inner wall of the fixed mounting sleeve 18 and the nut sleeve 2 provides an independent and sealed working space for the grease baffle assembly I14, preventing the grease baffle assembly I14 from being disturbed by the external environment during operation, and preventing grease leakage or external impurities from entering the assembly, ensuring that the first sealing element 20, the second sealing element 21, and the grease can function stably. In the grease-blocking assembly I14, the first seal 20 and the second seal 21 form a double seal, effectively intercepting backflow slurry that has not been discharged from the radial slurry discharge hole I12. Grease is injected into the grease cavity 22 between them through the grease injection head I23. The grease not only enhances the sealing performance of the seal and fills the tiny gap between the seal and the nut sleeve 2, but also lubricates both the seal and the nut sleeve 2, reducing frictional wear between them during rotation and extending their service life. The sealed environment of the sealing cavity I19 and the lubricating seal of the grease cavity 22 work synergistically to make the sealing effect of the grease-blocking assembly I14 more durable and stable, further strengthening the anti-backflow capability of the gap between the guide tube 1 and the nut sleeve 2.

[0052] In another embodiment, a sealing step 24 is formed at the bottom of the side wall of the sealing cavity I19 near the guide tube 1, and a conical step 25 that mates with the sealing step 24 is provided at a corresponding position on the nut sleeve. The sealing step 24 is formed at the bottom of the side wall of the sealing cavity I19 near the guide tube 1, and a conical step 25 that mates with the sealing step 24 is provided at a corresponding position on the nut sleeve 2. This mating structure further optimizes the sealing effect of the gap between the guide tube 1 and the nut sleeve 2. The tight fit between the conical step 25 and the sealing step 24 forms an additional physical barrier when slurry that has not been discharged from the radial slurry drain hole I12 permeates towards the gearbox 4, slowing down the slurry permeation rate and allowing time for the radial slurry drain hole I12 to fully discharge slurry. Meanwhile, compared with the planar fit, the conical surface fit has a larger contact area and a tighter fit, which can effectively reduce the possibility of slurry seeping through the gap between the two. It forms a synergistic sealing effect with the double seal of the grease baffle assembly I14, further improving the anti-backflow effect of the gap between the guide tube 1 and the nut sleeve 2, ensuring that backflow in this area will not break through multiple defenses and enter the gearbox 4.

[0053] As an example of this embodiment, the first sealing element 20 and the second sealing element 21 are lip seals. The structural advantages of the lip seal are fully utilized to adapt to the working requirements of the grease-blocking assembly I14. The lip seal has good elasticity and sealing performance. Under the pressure of grease return and the lubrication of grease, its lip can tightly fit against the surface of the nut sleeve 2. As the nut sleeve 2 rotates, it adaptively adjusts the fitting state, always maintaining effective sealing of the gap between the guide tube 1 and the nut sleeve 2. Even if slight vibration occurs during the rotation of the sleeve, it can maintain a stable sealing effect, reducing the risk of grease return and leakage. At the same time, the lip seal has good wear resistance and grease resistance. Under the lubrication and protection of grease in the grease cavity 22, it can withstand the friction caused by the rotation of the nut sleeve 2 for a long time, is not easily damaged, has a long service life, reduces the frequency of seal replacement, lowers equipment maintenance costs and downtime, and ensures that the grease-blocking assembly I14 maintains a good sealing and lubrication effect for a long time. Together with the radial grease discharge hole I12, the sealing step 24, and other structures, it forms all-round protection against grease return from the gap between the guide tube 1 and the nut sleeve 2.

[0054] Example 5 As another preferred embodiment of the present invention, this embodiment provides an anchoring device for anchor grouting support construction, which includes the anchoring device for anchor pushing and grouting described in Embodiments 1, 2, 3 and 4 above.

Claims

1. An anchoring device for pushing and grouting anchor bolts, comprising a guide tube (1), a nut sleeve (2), an anchor bolt sleeve (3), and a gearbox (4), characterized in that: A radial grout discharge hole I (12) is provided on the guide tube (1), and a radial grout discharge hole II (13) is provided on the nut sleeve (2). A grease baffle assembly I (14) is provided on the nut sleeve (2) at the tail of the guide tube (1) to seal the gap between the guide tube (1) and the nut sleeve (2) and to rotate and seal with the nut sleeve (2). An anchor sleeve (3) at the tail of the nut sleeve is provided to seal the gap between the nut sleeve (2) and the anchor sleeve (3) and to rotate and seal with the anchor sleeve (3). Rotary sealing fit grease baffle assembly II (15); the gearbox (4) is provided with a grout discharge chamber (16) isolated from the nut drive assembly (9) and the anchor rod drive assembly (10). The grease baffle assembly II (15) is located in the grout discharge chamber (16). When the grease baffle assembly II (15) fails, the failed part forms an axial grout discharge hole (17). The grout in the gap between the nut sleeve rod (2) and the anchor rod sleeve rod (3) is discharged from the axial grout discharge hole (17) and then discharged from the gearbox (4) through the grout discharge chamber (16).

2. The anchoring device for pushing and grouting anchor bolts as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The tail end of the nut sleeve (2) is equipped with a sealing cap (28), and a third sealing element (29) is provided inside the sealing cap (28) to rotate and seal with the anchor sleeve (3). The sealing cap (28) and the third sealing element (29) work together to seal the gap between the nut sleeve (2) and the anchor sleeve (3). The tail end of the nut sleeve (2) is provided with a grease injection head II (30) for injecting grease into the gap between the nut sleeve (2) and the anchor sleeve (3). The sealing cap (28), the third sealing element (29) and the grease injection head II (30) at the tail end of the nut sleeve (2) form the grease baffle assembly II (15).

3. The anchoring device for pushing and grouting anchor bolts as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The axial grout discharge hole (17) is the assembly gap between the sealing cap (28) and the anchor rod sleeve.

4. An anchoring device for pushing and grouting anchor bolts as described in any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that: The axial position of radial grout discharge hole II (13) corresponds to that of radial grout discharge hole I (12).

5. An anchoring device for pushing and grouting anchor bolts as described in any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that: The gearbox (4) is provided with a transmission chamber I (26) for accommodating the nut transmission assembly (9) and a transmission chamber II (27) for accommodating the anchor rod transmission assembly (10). The transmission chamber I (26) and the transmission chamber II (27) are independent of each other. The slurry discharge chamber (16) is located between the transmission chamber I (26) and the transmission chamber II (27).

6. An anchoring device for pushing and grouting anchor bolts as described in any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that: The slurry discharge chamber (16) is an open structure.

7. An anchoring device for pushing and grouting anchor bolts as described in any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that: The guide tube (1) is fixedly mounted on one end of the gearbox (4) by a fixed mounting sleeve (18), and the grease baffle assembly I (14) is disposed inside the fixed mounting sleeve (18).

8. The anchoring device for pushing and grouting anchor bolts as described in claim 7, characterized in that: A sealing cavity I (19) is formed between the inner wall of the fixed mounting sleeve (18) and the nut sleeve rod (2). The grease baffle assembly I (14) is disposed in the sealing cavity I (19). The grease baffle assembly I (14) includes a first sealing element (20) and a second sealing element (21). A grease cavity (22) is formed between the first sealing element (20) and the second sealing element (21). A grease injection head I (23) for injecting grease into the grease cavity (22) is provided on the fixed mounting sleeve (18).

9. The anchoring device for pushing and grouting anchor bolts as described in claim 7, characterized in that: A sealing step (24) is formed at the bottom of the side wall of the sealing cavity I (19) near the guide tube (1), and a conical step (25) that mates with the sealing step (24) is provided on the nut sleeve at the corresponding position.

10. An anchoring device, characterized in that: The anchoring device for pushing and grouting anchor bolts, as described in any one of claims 1-9 above.

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