Reduction roasting and selective extraction recovery device and method for nickel in ternary positive electrode waste

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of new energy battery resource recycling, in particular to a reduction roasting and selective extraction recycling device and method.The reduction roasting and selective extraction recycling device comprises a roasting furnace body, the outer side of a stirring shaft is rotationally connected with multiple sets of stirring rods, and the multiple stirring rods are communicated with the interior of the stirring shaft; the inner side of the roasting furnace sealing cover is fixedly connected with a fixed seat; the upper end of the roasting furnace sealing cover is provided with a rotating mechanism; the inner side of the roasting furnace sealing base is provided with an air supply mechanism; the inner side of the extraction and recovery device body is provided with a lifting mechanism; and when the stirring rod stirs nickel on the inner side of the roasting furnace body, the reducing gas is conveyed to the inner side of the roasting furnace body through the ventilation valve, so that the contact between the reducing gas and the nickel on the inner side of the roasting furnace body is expanded, and the nickel and the reducing gas are in more sufficient contact.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of new energy battery resource recycling technology, specifically to a device and method for the reduction roasting and selective extraction recovery of nickel from ternary cathode waste. Background Technology

[0002] Ternary cathode waste is the core processing object in the recycling of new energy battery resources. Recycling of new energy battery resources is the only effective way to realize the value of ternary cathode waste and its environmentally friendly disposal. Specifically, in the recycling process of new energy batteries (especially ternary lithium batteries), the cathode plates separated after the dismantling of waste batteries (i.e., ternary cathode waste) contain scarce and valuable metals such as nickel, cobalt, manganese, and lithium, making them a key target in the recycling process. At the same time, if ternary cathode waste is discarded at will, it will cause soil and water pollution. It must be processed through professional processes of new energy battery resource recycling (such as pyrometallurgical and hydrometallurgical processes) to extract the metals and reuse them in the production of cathode materials while avoiding environmental risks. The ultimate goals of both are highly consistent: to reduce solid waste pollution, supplement the supply of scarce resources, and promote the formation of a "production-use-recycling-reuse" circular model in the new energy industry chain.

[0003] In this crucial step of high-temperature heating treatment of ternary cathode waste, a continuous supply of reducing gases (such as hydrogen, carbon monoxide, and methane) is essential to achieve the core objective of roasting. These gases serve three main purposes: First, they provide the core reduction by offering electrons to high-valence metal oxides (such as Ni³⁺ and Co³⁺ oxides) in the waste at high temperatures, converting them into lower-valence oxides (such as Ni²⁺ and Co²⁺ oxides) that are more easily dissolved and extracted in subsequent processes. Second, they assist in impurity removal by decomposing or burning organic matter such as binders in the waste at high temperatures, generating easily expelled gases and reducing interference from impurities in subsequent extraction. Third, they ensure a stable reaction environment by displacing air from the roasting equipment (preventing oxygen from causing the re-oxidation of lower-valence metals), creating a stable reducing atmosphere that ensures the reduction reaction continues in the target direction, ultimately improving metal recovery rate and subsequent processing efficiency.

[0004] However, the gas inlet design of existing reduction roasting devices has obvious defects: some devices place the gas inlet at the top of the furnace, resulting in insufficient contact between the reducing gas (such as hydrogen, carbon monoxide or natural gas) and the waste particles, creating a "dead volume" area; some devices place the gas inlet at the bottom, which can achieve gas flow from bottom to top, but it is easy for light waste particles to be entrained by the airflow, causing material loss; and some devices have fixed inlet positions, which cannot be adjusted according to specific needs such as waste particle size and roasting batch quantity, resulting in poor adaptability, which in turn affects the nickel recovery rate and purity of subsequent extraction processes.

[0005] Based on this, the present invention discloses a device and method for the reduction roasting and selective extraction recovery of nickel in ternary cathode waste. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the significant defects in the gas inlet design of existing reduction roasting devices as mentioned in the background art: some devices place the gas inlet at the top of the furnace, resulting in insufficient contact between the reducing gas (such as hydrogen, carbon monoxide, or natural gas) and the waste particles, creating a "dead volume" area; some devices place the gas inlet at the bottom, which, although enabling gas flow from bottom to top, easily leads to light waste particles being entrained by the airflow, causing material loss; and some devices have fixed inlet positions, making it impossible to adjust according to specific needs such as waste particle size and roasting batch size, resulting in poor adaptability and affecting the nickel recovery rate and purity in subsequent extraction processes, this invention provides a reduction roasting and selective extraction recovery device for nickel in ternary cathode waste, comprising a roasting furnace body, a roasting furnace sealing cover installed at the upper end of the roasting furnace body, and a roasting furnace sealing bottom provided at the lower end of the roasting furnace sealing cover. The roasting furnace body has an extraction and recovery device body located on the outer side of its lower end. Multiple feed pipes are installed on the upper end of the roasting furnace sealing cover. A stirring shaft is located on the inner side of the roasting furnace body. A connecting rod is fixedly connected to the upper end of the stirring shaft. A support shaft is fixedly connected to the outer side of the connecting rod. Multiple stirring rods are rotatably connected to the outer side of the stirring shaft, and all stirring rods are interconnected with the interior of the stirring shaft. Multiple vent valves are symmetrically installed on the outer side of the stirring rods. A fixed seat is fixedly connected to the inner side of the roasting furnace sealing cover. A support groove is formed on the inner side of the fixed seat. The support shaft is located inside the support groove and rotatably connected to it. A rotating mechanism is located at the upper end of the roasting furnace sealing cover. A gas supply mechanism is located on the inner side of the roasting furnace sealing base. A lifting mechanism is located on the inner side of the extraction and recovery device body. A heating mechanism is located on the inner side of the roasting furnace body.

[0007] As a further improvement to this technical solution, the rotating mechanism includes serrated grooves, a support frame, a support plate, a first servo motor, and serrated columns. The inner side of the upper end of the connecting rod is provided with serrated grooves. The upper end of the roasting furnace sealing cover is fixedly connected to the support frame. The upper end of the roasting furnace sealing cover is provided with the first servo motor. The outer side of the first servo motor is fixedly connected to the support plate. The support plate and the support frame are connected by screws. The output end of the first servo motor is fixedly connected to the serrated columns. The serrated columns are located inside the serrated grooves and are slidably engaged with the serrated grooves.

[0008] As a further improvement to this technical solution, the gas supply mechanism includes a connecting groove, a connecting shaft, a supporting limiting ring, a connecting seat, a limiting groove, and an air inlet pipe. A connecting pipe is provided in the middle of the inner side of the calcining furnace sealing base, and a connecting shaft is fixedly connected to the outer side of the connecting pipe. A connecting groove is opened in the inner side of the middle of the calcining furnace sealing base, and the connecting shaft is located inside the connecting groove and rotatably connected to the connecting groove. An air inlet pipe is provided at the lower end of the calcining furnace sealing base, and a connecting seat is fixedly connected to the end of the air inlet pipe near the calcining furnace sealing base. A limiting groove is opened in the inner side of the connecting seat, and a supporting limiting ring is fixedly connected to the end of the connecting pipe. The supporting limiting ring is located inside the limiting groove and rotatably connected to the limiting groove.

[0009] As a further improvement to this technical solution, the air supply mechanism also includes an equal-row serrated air pipe and an equal-row serrated air groove. The lower end of the stirring shaft is fixedly connected to the equal-row serrated air pipe. An equal-row serrated air groove is opened on the inner side of the connecting pipe. The equal-row serrated air pipe is located on the inner side of the equal-row serrated air groove and is slidably engaged with the equal-row serrated air groove. The stirring shaft, the equal-row serrated air pipe, the connecting pipe, and the air inlet pipe are internally interconnected.

[0010] As a further improvement to this technical solution, the heating mechanism includes a heating rod, a first mounting groove, and a second mounting groove. Multiple sets of heating rods are fixedly connected to the lower end of the roasting furnace sealing cover. Multiple sets of first mounting grooves are opened on the inner side of the roasting furnace sealing cover. Multiple sets of second mounting grooves are opened on the upper end of the roasting furnace sealing base. The heating rod is slidably connected to the first mounting groove and the second mounting groove.

[0011] As a further improvement to this technical solution, multiple sets of fixing rings are fixedly connected to the inner side of the multiple sets of heating rods, and an upper serrated ring is fixedly connected to the upper end of the fixing ring. A first gear is fixedly connected to the end of the stirring rod away from the stirring shaft, and the first gear meshes with the upper serrated ring.

[0012] As a further improvement to this technical solution, the lifting mechanism includes a support ring, a lifting block, and a threaded rod. The support ring is fixedly connected to the outer side of the lower end of the roasting furnace body. Multiple lifting blocks are fixedly connected to the outer side of the roasting furnace sealing base. Multiple lifting slots are opened on the inner side of the extraction and recovery device body. The lifting block is located inside the lifting slot and is slidably connected to the lifting slot. Multiple threaded rods are rotatably connected to the lower end of the roasting furnace body. The threaded rods are rotatably connected to the roasting furnace body and are located inside the lifting block and are threadedly connected to the lifting block.

[0013] As a further improvement to this technical solution, the lifting mechanism also includes a second gear, a rotation limiting ring, and an inner serrated ring. The lower end of the threaded rod is fixedly connected to the second gear, and the inner side of the lower end of the extraction and recovery device body is rotatably connected to the rotation limiting ring. The inner side of the rotation limiting ring is fixedly connected to the inner serrated ring, and the second gear meshes with the inner serrated ring.

[0014] As a further improvement to this technical solution, the lifting mechanism also includes an outer serrated ring, a second servo motor, and a third gear. The second servo motor is fixedly connected to the inner side of the extraction and recovery device body, and the third gear is fixedly connected to the output end of the second servo motor. The outer serrated ring is fixedly connected to the outer side of the rotation limiting ring, and the outer serrated ring meshes with the third gear.

[0015] As a further improvement to this technical solution, the method for reduction roasting and selective extraction recovery of nickel in ternary cathode waste is mainly applicable to the aforementioned device for reduction roasting and selective extraction recovery of nickel in ternary cathode waste. The method mainly includes the following steps: S1: The collected ternary cathode waste is initially crushed to bring its particle size to a certain range. Then, through physical sorting methods, such as magnetic separation and sieving, non-target substances such as metal impurities and plastics in the waste are removed to improve the purity of the raw materials. Next, the pre-treated waste is dried to remove moisture and prevent moisture from affecting the reaction and equipment operation during the roasting process.

[0016] S2: The nickel in the pretreated ternary cathode waste is transported to the inside of the roasting furnace body through the feed pipe, and then reducing gas is supplied to the stirring shaft and stirring rod. Then the heating system is started and the temperature is slowly raised to the predetermined roasting temperature according to the set heating rate.

[0017] S3: Once the temperature inside the roasting furnace reaches the predetermined roasting temperature, maintain that temperature for a period of time. During the roasting process, continuously introduce reducing gas to maintain the reducing atmosphere inside the furnace, so that the nickel oxide in the ternary cathode waste reacts with the reducing agent to generate metallic nickel or low-valence nickel oxide. At the same time, start the rotating mechanism to stir the material at regular intervals to ensure that the reaction proceeds uniformly.

[0018] S4: After roasting, stop heating and introducing reducing gas, and wait for further processing.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. In the apparatus and method for reducing roasting and selectively extracting nickel from ternary cathode waste, while the stirring rod stirs the nickel inside the roasting furnace body, reducing gas is supplied to the inside of the roasting furnace body through the vent valve, thereby expanding the contact between the reducing gas and the nickel inside the roasting furnace body, and thus making the contact between the nickel and the reducing gas more sufficient.

[0020] 2. In the apparatus and method for reducing roasting and selectively extracting nickel from ternary cathode waste, when the stirring shaft drives the stirring rod to rotate, the first gear meshes with the upper sawtooth ring, causing the stirring rod to rotate around its own axis. This causes the stirring rod to drive the vent valve to rotate synchronously. As the vent valve delivers gas to the inside of the roasting furnace body, the reducing gas further contacts the nickel inside the roasting furnace body, thus making the contact between the nickel and the reducing gas more thorough. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the equally spaced sawtooth column of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the support groove of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first mounting groove and the second mounting groove of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the lifting trough of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the roasting furnace sealing cover and heating rod of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the equidistant sawtooth groove of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the upper serrated ring of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the upper sawtooth ring and the first gear of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the connecting pipe after installation according to the present invention; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the connecting shaft of the present invention; Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the supporting and limiting ring of the present invention; Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the internal serrated ring of the present invention; Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the process for the reduction roasting and selective extraction recovery of nickel in ternary cathode waste in this invention.

[0022] The meanings of the labels in the diagram are as follows: 101. Roasting furnace body; 102. Roasting furnace sealing cover; 103. Roasting furnace sealing base; 104. Stirring shaft; 105. Connecting rod; 106. Support shaft; 107. Stirring rod; 108. Vent valve; 109. Fixing seat; 110. Support groove; 111. Extraction and recovery device body; 112. Feed pipe; 201. Equal row serrated groove; 202. Support frame; 203. Support plate; 204. First servo motor; 205. Equal row serrated column; 301. Connecting groove; 302. Connecting shaft; 303. Support limiting ring; 304. Connecting seat; 305. Limiting groove; 306. Air inlet pipe; 307. Connecting pipe; 401. Equal row serrated vent pipe; 402. Equal row serrated vent groove; 501. Heating rod; 502. First mounting groove; 503. Second mounting groove; 601. Fixing ring; 602. Upper serrated ring; 603. First gear; 701. Support ring; 702. Lifting block; 703. Threaded rod; 704. Lifting groove; 801. Second gear; 802. Rotation limiting ring; 803. Inner serrated ring; 901. Outer serrated ring; 902. Second servo motor; 903. Third gear. Detailed Implementation

[0023] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention.

[0024] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features and technical solutions in the present invention can be combined with each other.

[0025] It should be noted that similar labels and letters in the following figures indicate similar items. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures. Example

[0026] like Figures 1 to 13As shown, it includes a roasting furnace body 101. A roasting furnace sealing cover 102 is installed at the upper end of the roasting furnace body 101, and a roasting furnace sealing base 103 is provided at the lower end of the roasting furnace sealing cover 102. An extraction and recovery device body 111 is provided on the outer side of the lower end of the roasting furnace body 101. Multiple feed pipes 112 are installed at the upper end of the roasting furnace sealing cover 102. A stirring shaft 104 is provided on the inner side of the roasting furnace body 101. A connecting rod 105 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the stirring shaft 104. A support shaft 106 is fixedly connected to the outer side of the connecting rod 105. Multiple stirring rods 107 are rotatably connected to the outer side of the stirring shaft 104. All of the stirring rods 107 are interconnected with the interior of the stirring shaft 104. Multiple sets of vent valves 108 are symmetrically installed on the outer side of 107. A fixed seat 109 is fixedly connected to the inner side of the roasting furnace sealing cover 102. A support groove 110 is opened on the inner side of the fixed seat 109. The support shaft 106 is located on the inner side of the support groove 110 and is rotatably connected to the support groove 110. By the support shaft 106 being located on the inner side of the support groove 110 and rotatably connected to the support groove 110, the connecting rod 105 can achieve the purpose of rotation while being supported. A rotating mechanism is provided at the upper end of the roasting furnace sealing cover 102. A gas supply mechanism is provided on the inner side of the roasting furnace sealing base 103. A lifting mechanism is provided on the inner side of the extraction and recovery device body 111. A heating mechanism is provided on the inner side of the roasting furnace body 101. Nickel from the pretreated ternary cathode waste is fed into the inner side of the calcination furnace body 101 through the feed pipe 112. Then, reducing gas is fed into the inner side of the stirring shaft 104 through the gas supply mechanism. The reducing gas is then fed into the inner side of the calcination furnace body 101 through the stirring rod 107 and the vent valve 108. The reducing gas is fed into the inner side of the calcination furnace body 101 through multiple sets of stirring rods 107 and vent valves 108, so that the reducing gas comes into contact with the nickel in the inner side of the calcination furnace body 101 from multiple directions, thus making the contact between the nickel and the reducing gas more thorough. Subsequently, while heating the nickel through the heating mechanism, the rotating mechanism is activated. The rotating mechanism drives the connecting rod 105 and the stirring shaft 104 to rotate, which in turn causes the stirring shaft 104 to drive the stirring rod 107 to stir the nickel inside the calcination furnace body 101. By stirring the nickel, the nickel is heated more evenly. While the stirring rod 107 stirs the nickel inside the calcining furnace body 101, the vent valve 108 delivers reducing gas to the inside of the calcining furnace body 101, thereby expanding the contact between the reducing gas and the nickel inside the calcining furnace body 101, and thus making the nickel and reducing gas more fully in contact.

[0027] like Figures 1-9As shown, the rotating mechanism includes serrated grooves 201, a support frame 202, a support plate 203, a first servo motor 204, and serrated columns 205. The inner side of the upper end of the connecting rod 105 is provided with serrated grooves 201. The upper end of the roasting furnace sealing cover 102 is fixedly connected to the support frame 202. The upper end of the roasting furnace sealing cover 102 is provided with the first servo motor 204. The outer side of the first servo motor 204 is fixedly connected to the support plate 203. The support plate 203 and the support frame 202 are connected by screws. The output end of the first servo motor 204 is fixedly connected to the serrated columns 205. The serrated columns 205 are located inside the serrated grooves 201 and are slidably engaged with the serrated grooves 201. During installation, the support plate 203 is placed on the upper end of the support frame 202, and the serrated column 205 is placed inside the serrated groove 201. Then, the support plate 203 is fixed to the support frame 202 with screws. When needed, the first servo motor 204 is started, causing the output end of the first servo motor 204 to drive the serrated column 205 to rotate. The serrated column 205 and the serrated groove 201 are interlocked, thereby driving the connecting rod 105 and the stirring shaft 104 to rotate.

[0028] like Figures 10-13 As shown, the gas supply mechanism includes a connecting groove 301, a connecting shaft 302, a support limiting ring 303, a connecting seat 304, a limiting groove 305, and an air inlet pipe 306. A connecting pipe 307 is provided in the middle of the inner side of the roasting furnace sealing base 103. The connecting shaft 302 is fixedly connected to the outer side of the connecting pipe 307. A connecting groove 301 is opened in the inner side of the middle of the roasting furnace sealing base 103. The connecting shaft 302 is located inside the connecting groove 301 and is rotatably connected to the connecting groove 301. An air inlet pipe 306 is provided at the lower end of the roasting furnace sealing base 103. A connecting seat 304 is fixedly connected to one end of the air inlet pipe 306 near the roasting furnace sealing base 103. A limiting groove 305 is opened in the inner side of the connecting seat 304. A support limiting ring 303 is fixedly connected to the end of the connecting pipe 307. The support limiting ring 303 is located inside the limiting groove 305 and is rotatably connected to the limiting groove 305.

[0029] like Figures 10-13 As shown, the air supply mechanism also includes a serrated air pipe 401 and a serrated air groove 402. The lower end of the stirring shaft 104 is fixedly connected to the serrated air pipe 401. The inner side of the connecting pipe 307 is provided with a serrated air groove 402. The serrated air pipe 401 is located inside the serrated air groove 402 and is slidably engaged with the serrated air groove 402. The stirring shaft 104, the serrated air pipe 401, the connecting pipe 307, and the air inlet pipe 306 are interconnected internally. Reducing gas is supplied to the inside of the air inlet pipe 306, and then the reducing gas is supplied to the inside of the serrated air inlet pipe 401 through the connecting pipe 307, and then supplied to the inside of the stirring shaft 104 through the serrated air inlet pipe 401. When the stirring shaft 104 rotates, it drives the serrated air pipe 401 to rotate synchronously. The serrated air pipe 401 and the serrated air groove 402 slide and engage, thereby driving the connecting pipe 307 to rotate synchronously. In turn, the connecting pipe 307 drives the support limiting ring 303 to rotate synchronously inside the limiting groove 305.

[0030] like Figures 4-9 As shown, the lower end of the roasting furnace sealing cover 102 is fixedly connected to multiple sets of heating rods 501, the inner side of the roasting furnace sealing cover 102 is provided with multiple sets of first mounting grooves 502, the upper end of the roasting furnace sealing base 103 is provided with multiple sets of second mounting grooves 503, and the heating rods 501 are slidably connected to the first mounting grooves 502 and the second mounting grooves 503. When installing the heating rod 501, place the heating rod 501 inside the first mounting groove 502 and the second mounting groove 503; Start the heating rod 501, and heat the inside of the roasting furnace body 101 through multiple sets of heating rods 501.

[0031] like Figures 4-9 As shown, multiple sets of fixing rings 601 are fixedly connected to the inner side of multiple sets of heating rods 501. An upper serrated ring 602 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the fixing ring 601. A first gear 603 is fixedly connected to the end of the stirring rod 107 away from the stirring shaft 104. The first gear 603 meshes with the upper serrated ring 602. When the stirring shaft 104 drives the stirring rod 107 to rotate, the first gear 603 meshes with the upper sawtooth ring 602, causing the stirring rod 107 to rotate around its own axis. This causes the stirring rod 107 to drive the vent valve 108 to rotate synchronously. As the vent valve 108 delivers gas to the inside of the calcining furnace body 101, the reducing gas further contacts the nickel inside the calcining furnace body 101, thus making the contact between the nickel and the reducing gas more thorough.

[0032] like Figures 1 to 13As shown, the lifting mechanism includes a support ring 701, a lifting block 702, and a threaded rod 703. The support ring 701 is fixedly connected to the outer side of the lower end of the roasting furnace body 101. Multiple lifting blocks 702 are fixedly connected to the outer side of the roasting furnace sealing base 103. Multiple lifting grooves 704 are opened on the inner side of the extraction and recovery device body 111. The lifting block 702 is located inside the lifting groove 704 and is slidably connected to the lifting groove 704. Multiple threaded rods 703 are rotatably connected to the lower end of the roasting furnace body 101. The threaded rods 703 are rotatably connected to the roasting furnace body 101 and are located inside the lifting block 702 and are threadedly connected to the lifting block 702.

[0033] like Figures 1 to 13 As shown, the lifting mechanism also includes a second gear 801, a rotation limiting ring 802, and an inner serrated ring 803. The lower end of the threaded rod 703 is fixedly connected to the second gear 801. The inner side of the lower end of the extraction and recovery device body 111 is rotatably connected to the rotation limiting ring 802. The inner side of the rotation limiting ring 802 is fixedly connected to the inner serrated ring 803. The second gear 801 and the inner serrated ring 803 are meshed together.

[0034] like Figures 1 to 13 As shown, the lifting mechanism also includes an outer serrated ring 901, a second servo motor 902, and a third gear 903. The second servo motor 902 is fixedly connected to the inner side of the extraction and recovery device body 111, and the third gear 903 is fixedly connected to the output end of the second servo motor 902. The outer serrated ring 901 is fixedly connected to the outer side of the rotation limiting ring 802, and the outer serrated ring 901 meshes with the third gear 903. After roasting, the second servo motor 902 is started, causing the output end of the second servo motor 902 to drive the third gear 903 to rotate. The third gear 903 meshes with the outer serrated ring 901, thereby causing the rotation limit ring 802 to rotate. When the rotation limit ring 802 rotates, it drives multiple sets of second gears 801 to rotate synchronously through the inner serrated ring 803. In turn, the second gears 801 drive the threaded rod 703 to rotate. The multiple sets of threaded rods 703 are threadedly connected to the lifting block 702, thereby causing the multiple sets of lifting blocks 702 to drive the roasting furnace sealing base 103 to move longitudinally. When roasting is required, multiple sets of lifting blocks 702 drive the roasting furnace sealing base 103 to the bottom of the roasting furnace body 101, so that the roasting furnace body 101 and the roasting furnace sealing base 103 are sealed, thereby roasting the nickel inside the roasting furnace body 101. When the roasting is completed, the roasting furnace sealing base 103 is moved to the bottom of the extraction and recovery device body 111, so that the roasting furnace body 101 and the extraction and recovery device body 111 are interconnected, thereby allowing the roasted nickel inside the roasting furnace body 101 to enter the inside of the extraction and recovery device body 111.

[0035] like Figure 14 As shown, the method for reduction roasting and selective extraction recovery of nickel in ternary cathode waste is mainly applicable to the aforementioned reduction roasting and selective extraction recovery device for nickel in ternary cathode waste. The method mainly includes the following steps: S1: The collected ternary cathode waste is initially crushed to bring its particle size to a certain range. Then, through physical sorting methods, such as magnetic separation and sieving, non-target substances such as metal impurities and plastics in the waste are removed to improve the purity of the raw materials. Next, the pre-treated waste is dried to remove moisture and prevent moisture from affecting the reaction and equipment operation during the roasting process.

[0036] S2: The nickel in the pretreated ternary cathode waste is transported to the inside of the roasting furnace body 101 through the feed pipe 112, and then reducing gas is supplied to the stirring shaft 104 and stirring rod 107. Then the heating system is started and the temperature is slowly raised to the predetermined roasting temperature according to the set heating rate.

[0037] S3: When the temperature inside the roasting furnace body 101 reaches the predetermined roasting temperature, the temperature is maintained for a period of time. During the roasting process, reducing gas is continuously introduced to maintain the reducing atmosphere inside the furnace, so that the nickel oxide in the ternary cathode waste reacts with the reducing agent to generate metallic nickel or low-valence nickel oxide. At the same time, the rotating mechanism is started to stir the material at regular intervals to ensure that the reaction proceeds uniformly.

[0038] S4: After roasting, stop heating and introducing reducing gas, and wait for further processing.

[0039] During operation, the support ring 701 on the outside of the roasting furnace body 101 is placed on the upper end of the extraction and recovery device body 111. The roasting furnace body 101 and the extraction and recovery device body 111 are fixedly connected by screws. Then, the roasting furnace sealing cover 102 is placed on the upper end of the roasting furnace body 101, so that the heating rod 501 slides into the inner side of the first mounting groove 502 and the second mounting groove 503. At the same time, the serrated vent pipe 401 is slid into the inner side of the serrated vent groove 402. Then, the roasting furnace sealing cover 102 is connected to the roasting furnace body 101 by clamps. Then, the support plate 203 is placed on the upper end of the support frame 202, and the serrated column 205 is placed inside the serrated groove 201. Then, the support plate 203 and the support frame 202 are fixed by screws. Then, the second servo motor 902 is started, causing the output end of the second servo motor 902 to drive the third gear 903 to rotate. The third gear 903 meshes with the outer serrated ring 901, causing the rotation limit ring 802 to rotate. When the rotation limit ring 802 rotates, it drives multiple sets of second gears 801 to rotate synchronously through the inner serrated ring 803. In turn, the second gears 801 drive the threaded rod 703 to rotate. The multiple sets of threaded rods 703 are threadedly connected to the lifting block 702, thereby causing the multiple sets of lifting blocks 702 to drive the roasting furnace sealing base 103 to move longitudinally. This moves the roasting furnace sealing base 103 to the uppermost end of the extraction and recovery device body 111 and to the lower end of the roasting furnace body 101, thus sealing the roasting furnace body 101 and the roasting furnace sealing base 103. Then, the pretreated ternary cathode waste is transported to the inside of the roasting furnace body 101 through the feed pipe 112. Subsequently, by starting the first servo motor 204, the output end of the first servo motor 204 drives the equidistant serrated column 205 to rotate. The equidistant serrated column 205 and the equidistant serrated groove 201 are interlocked, thereby driving the connecting rod 105 and the stirring shaft 104 to rotate. In turn, the stirring shaft 104 drives the stirring rod 107 to stir the nickel inside the roasting furnace body 101. While the stirring shaft 104 drives the stirring rod 107 to stir the nickel inside the calcination furnace body 101, multiple sets of heating rods 501 are started to heat the inside of the calcination furnace body 101 through the multiple sets of heating rods 501. While the stirring shaft 104 drives the stirring rod 107 to stir the nickel inside the calcination furnace body 101, reducing gas is delivered to the inside of the gas inlet pipe 306. Then, the reducing gas is delivered to the inside of the serrated ventilation pipe 401 through the connecting pipe 307, and then to the inside of the stirring shaft 104 through the serrated ventilation pipe 401. Finally, the reducing gas is delivered to the inside of the calcination furnace body 101 through the stirring rod 107 and the ventilation valve 108. While the stirring shaft 104 drives the stirring rod 107 to stir the nickel inside the calcining furnace body 101, the first gear 603 meshes with the upper serrated ring 602, causing the stirring rod 107 to rotate around its own axis. This causes the stirring rod 107 to drive the vent valve 108 to rotate synchronously. As the vent valve 108 delivers gas to the inside of the calcining furnace body 101, the reducing gas is delivered to the inside of the calcining furnace body 101 from multiple directions, thus ensuring sufficient contact between the reducing gas and the nickel inside the calcining furnace body 101, and further enhancing the contact between the nickel and the reducing gas. After roasting, heating and reducing gas input are stopped. Once the temperature drops, the second servo motor 902 is started, causing its output to drive the third gear 903 to rotate. The third gear 903 meshes with the outer serrated ring 901, causing the rotation limit ring 802 to rotate. When the rotation limit ring 802 rotates, it drives multiple sets of second gears 801 to rotate synchronously through the inner serrated ring 803. This causes the second gears 801 to drive the threaded rods 703 to rotate. The multiple sets of threaded rods 703 are threadedly connected to the lifting blocks 702, causing the lifting blocks 702 to move the roasting furnace sealing base 103 longitudinally. This moves the roasting furnace sealing base 103 to the lowest point of the extraction and recovery device body 111, allowing the roasting furnace body 101 and the extraction and recovery device body 111 to communicate with each other. This allows nickel to flow from the inside of the roasting furnace body 101 to the inside of the extraction and recovery device body 111, after which the next step of the operation begins.

[0040] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0041] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A device for reducing roasting and selectively extracting nickel from ternary cathode waste, comprising a roasting furnace body (101), a roasting furnace sealing cover (102) installed at the upper end of the roasting furnace body (101), a roasting furnace sealing base (103) provided at the lower end of the roasting furnace sealing cover (102), an extraction and recovery device body (111) provided on the outer side of the lower end of the roasting furnace body (101), and a plurality of feed pipes (112) installed at the upper end of the roasting furnace sealing cover (102), characterized in that: A stirring shaft (104) is provided on the inner side of the roasting furnace body (101). A connecting rod (105) is fixedly connected to the upper end of the stirring shaft (104). A support shaft (106) is fixedly connected to the outer side of the connecting rod (105). Multiple stirring rods (107) are rotatably connected to the outer side of the stirring shaft (104). The multiple stirring rods (107) are all interconnected with the interior of the stirring shaft (104). Multiple sets of vent valves (108) are symmetrically installed on the outer side of the stirring rods (107). The roasting furnace sealing cover (102) A fixed seat (109) is fixedly connected to the inner side of the furnace. A support groove (110) is provided on the inner side of the fixed seat (109). The support shaft (106) is located on the inner side of the support groove (110) and is rotatably connected to the support groove (110). A rotating mechanism is provided at the upper end of the furnace sealing cover (102). A gas supply mechanism is provided on the inner side of the furnace sealing base (103). A lifting mechanism is provided on the inner side of the extraction and recovery device body (111). A heating mechanism is provided on the inner side of the furnace body (101).

2. The device for reduction roasting and selective extraction recovery of nickel in ternary cathode waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotating mechanism includes a serrated groove (201), a support frame (202), a support plate (203), a first servo motor (204), and a serrated column (205). The inner side of the upper end of the connecting rod (105) is provided with a serrated groove (201). The upper end of the roasting furnace sealing cover (102) is fixedly connected to the support frame (202). The upper end of the roasting furnace sealing cover (102) is provided with a first servo motor (204). The outer side of the first servo motor (204) is fixedly connected to the support plate (203). The support plate (203) and the support frame (202) are connected by screws. The output end of the first servo motor (204) is fixedly connected to a serrated column (205). The serrated column (205) is located inside the serrated groove (201) and is slidably engaged with the serrated groove (201).

3. The apparatus for reduction roasting and selective extraction recovery of nickel in ternary cathode waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gas supply mechanism includes a connecting groove (301), a connecting shaft (302), a support limiting ring (303), a connecting seat (304), a limiting groove (305), and an air inlet pipe (306). A connecting pipe (307) is provided in the middle of the inner side of the calcining furnace sealing base (103). The connecting shaft (302) is fixedly connected to the outer side of the connecting pipe (307). A connecting groove (301) is opened in the inner side of the middle of the calcining furnace sealing base (103). The connecting shaft (302) is located inside the connecting groove (301). It is rotatably connected to the connecting groove (301). An air inlet pipe (306) is provided at the lower end of the roasting furnace sealing base (103). A connecting seat (304) is fixedly connected to one end of the air inlet pipe (306) near the roasting furnace sealing base (103). A limiting groove (305) is opened on the inner side of the connecting seat (304). A support limiting ring (303) is fixedly connected to the end of the connecting pipe (307). The support limiting ring (303) is located inside the limiting groove (305) and is rotatably connected to the limiting groove (305).

4. The device for reduction roasting and selective extraction recovery of nickel in ternary cathode waste according to claim 3, characterized in that: The air supply mechanism also includes a serrated air pipe (401) and a serrated air groove (402). The lower end of the stirring shaft (104) is fixedly connected to the serrated air pipe (401). The inner side of the connecting pipe (307) is provided with a serrated air groove (402). The serrated air pipe (401) is located inside the serrated air groove (402) and is slidably engaged with the serrated air groove (402). The stirring shaft (104), the serrated air pipe (401), the connecting pipe (307), and the air inlet pipe (306) are interconnected internally.

5. The apparatus for reduction roasting and selective extraction recovery of nickel in ternary cathode waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heating mechanism includes a heating rod (501), a first mounting groove (502), and a second mounting groove (503). Multiple sets of heating rods (501) are fixedly connected to the lower end of the roasting furnace sealing cover (102). Multiple sets of first mounting grooves (502) are opened on the inner side of the roasting furnace sealing cover (102). Multiple sets of second mounting grooves (503) are opened on the upper end of the roasting furnace sealing base (103). The heating rod (501) is slidably connected to the first mounting groove (502) and the second mounting groove (503).

6. The apparatus for reduction roasting and selective extraction recovery of nickel in ternary cathode waste according to claim 5, characterized in that: Multiple sets of fixing rings (601) are fixedly connected to the inner side of the multiple sets of heating rods (501). An upper serrated ring (602) is fixedly connected to the upper end of the fixing ring (601). A first gear (603) is fixedly connected to the end of the stirring rod (107) away from the stirring shaft (104). The first gear (603) meshes with the upper serrated ring (602).

7. The apparatus for reduction roasting and selective extraction recovery of nickel in ternary cathode waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lifting mechanism includes a support ring (701), a lifting block (702), and a threaded rod (703). The support ring (701) is fixedly connected to the outer side of the lower end of the roasting furnace body (101). Multiple lifting blocks (702) are fixedly connected to the outer side of the roasting furnace sealing base (103). Multiple lifting grooves (704) are opened on the inner side of the extraction and recovery device body (111). The lifting block (702) is located inside the lifting groove (704) and is slidably connected to the lifting groove (704). Multiple threaded rods (703) are rotatably connected to the lower end of the roasting furnace body (101). The threaded rods (703) are rotatably connected to the roasting furnace body (101). The threaded rods (703) are located inside the lifting block (702) and are threadedly connected to the lifting block (702).

8. The apparatus for reduction roasting and selective extraction recovery of nickel in ternary cathode waste according to claim 7, characterized in that: The lifting mechanism also includes a second gear (801), a rotation limiting ring (802), and an inner serrated ring (803). The lower end of the threaded rod (703) is fixedly connected to the second gear (801). The inner side of the lower end of the extraction and recovery device body (111) is rotatably connected to the rotation limiting ring (802). The inner side of the rotation limiting ring (802) is fixedly connected to the inner serrated ring (803). The second gear (801) and the inner serrated ring (803) are meshed together.

9. The apparatus for reduction roasting and selective extraction recovery of nickel in ternary cathode waste according to claim 8, characterized in that: The lifting mechanism also includes an outer serrated ring (901), a second servo motor (902), and a third gear (903). The second servo motor (902) is fixedly connected to the inner side of the extraction and recovery device body (111), and the third gear (903) is fixedly connected to the output end of the second servo motor (902). The outer serrated ring (901) is fixedly connected to the outer side of the rotation limiting ring (802), and the outer serrated ring (901) is meshed with the third gear (903).

10. A method for reducing roasting and selectively extracting nickel from ternary cathode waste, characterized in that: The method for reduction roasting and selective extraction recovery of nickel in ternary cathode waste is mainly applicable to the reduction roasting and selective extraction recovery device for nickel in ternary cathode waste described in claims 1-9. The method mainly includes the following steps: S1: The collected ternary cathode waste is initially crushed to bring its particle size to a certain range. Then, through physical sorting methods, such as magnetic separation and sieving, non-target substances such as metal impurities and plastics in the waste are removed to improve the purity of the raw materials. Next, the pre-treated waste is dried to remove moisture and prevent moisture from affecting the reaction and equipment operation during the roasting process. S2: The nickel in the pretreated ternary cathode waste is transported to the inside of the roasting furnace body (101) through the feed pipe (112), and then reducing gas is supplied to the stirring shaft (104) and stirring rod (107). Then the heating system is started and the temperature is slowly raised to the predetermined roasting temperature according to the set heating rate. S3: When the temperature inside the roasting furnace body (101) reaches the predetermined roasting temperature, maintain the temperature for a period of time. During the roasting process, reducer gas is continuously introduced to maintain the reducing atmosphere inside the furnace, so that the nickel oxide in the ternary cathode waste reacts with the reducing agent to generate metallic nickel or low-valence nickel oxide. At the same time, the rotating mechanism is started to stir the material at regular intervals to ensure that the reaction proceeds evenly. S4: After roasting, stop heating and introducing reducing gas, and wait for further processing.

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