Worm gear pair single-sided meshing instrument

Abstract

The invention discloses a worm gear pair single-face meshing instrument, and belongs to the technical field of high-end equipment transmission part quality detection. The center mechanism is arranged on the cross beam and used for bearing and positioning the worm; the center mechanism comprises a driven center end, a driving center end and a motor. The motor is arranged at the active tip end and is used for driving the worm to rotate for dynamic testing; a cross beam and a workbench are installed on the lathe bed, and the worm gear and the worm are meshed by adjusting the relative position of the cross beam and the workbench; wherein the working table is used for coaxially installing the worm gear; the sensor module comprises a sensor rotor and a sensor stator, the mounting positions of the sensor rotor and the sensor stator are matched, and the sensor rotor and the sensor stator are used for collecting rotation data of the worm gear and the worm respectively; sensor rotors are integrally designed in the driven tip end and the workbench. And the controller module is used for controlling the motor to perform dynamic testing according to the fuzzy PID algorithm and obtaining the transmission ratio according to the rotation data.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of quality inspection technology for high-end equipment transmission components, and specifically relates to a worm gear pair single-sided meshing instrument. Background Technology

[0002] Worm gear pairs, as core components in mechanical transmission systems, are widely used in various mechanical equipment. In particular, the meshing quality of medium and large worm gear pairs in high-end equipment directly determines the transmission accuracy, operational stability, and service life of the equipment, and has a key impact on the overall performance of the equipment.

[0003] The detection of worm gear meshing quality is a core aspect of its production, assembly, and quality control processes; among these, transmission error is a key indicator for evaluating meshing quality. Initially, static detection methods were often used for fitting quality measurement. However, static detection cannot accurately reflect the dynamic meshing quality of the worm gear pair under actual working conditions, making it difficult to meet the high-precision quality control requirements of medium and large worm gear pairs in high-end equipment. Therefore, when detecting transmission error, the static detection method was replaced by a dynamic comprehensive measurement method. However, the existing dynamic comprehensive measurement method has the following problems: First, the motor control uses the traditional PID algorithm, which cannot achieve adaptive adjustment of control parameters in nonlinear and time-varying transmission systems, resulting in insufficient motor stability and affecting detection accuracy. Second, traditional transmission error measurement relies on hardware mechanisms such as frequency multipliers and frequency dividers, which are not only structurally complex but also prone to introducing mechanical errors, further reducing the accuracy and reliability of transmission error detection.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a worm gear pair single-sided meshing device to solve the problems existing in the current technology. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, the present invention provides a worm gear pair single-sided meshing instrument to solve the problems in existing detection systems where the motor cannot adaptively adjust control parameters, resulting in insufficient operational stability and low detection accuracy, as well as mechanical errors in transmission error measurement, leading to low accuracy and reliability of transmission error detection.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a worm gear pair single-sided meshing instrument, comprising: beam; The center mechanism, located on the crossbeam, is used to support and position the worm gear; the center mechanism includes: a driven center end, a driving center end, and a motor; the motor is located at the driving center end and is used to drive the worm gear to rotate for dynamic testing; The bed is equipped with a crossbeam and a worktable. The relative positions of the crossbeam and the worktable are adjusted to allow the worm gear and worm to mesh. The worktable is used to coaxially mount the worm gear. The sensor module includes a sensor rotor and a sensor stator, the installation positions of which are adapted to each other, for collecting rotational data of the worm gear and worm respectively; wherein, the sensor rotor is integrated into both the driven center end and the worktable. The controller module is used to control the motor for dynamic testing based on the fuzzy PID algorithm and obtain the transmission ratio based on the rotation data.

[0007] As an embodiment of the present invention, the driven center end includes: a live center structure, a driven worm gear clamp, a driven center shaft, and a driven mounting block. The driven mounting block is disposed on a crossbeam, and the driven center main shaft is rotatably disposed on the driven mounting block. One end of the driven center main shaft is coaxially connected to the live center structure. The driven worm gear clamp is fixed on the driven center main shaft and is used to fix the worm, so that the worm, the live center structure, and the driven center main shaft are coaxial.

[0008] As an embodiment of the present invention, the active center end includes: a centering mechanism, an active worm gear clamp, an active centering spindle and an active mounting block. The driven mounting block is disposed on the crossbeam, the active centering spindle is rotatably disposed on the active mounting block, one end of the active centering spindle is coaxially connected to the centering structure, the active centering spindle is drivenly connected to a motor, and a motor is fixedly disposed on the active mounting block. The active worm gear clamp is fixed on the active center spindle. The active worm gear clamp is used to fix the worm, so that the worm, the center structure and the active center spindle are coaxial.

[0009] As an embodiment of the present invention, the worktable includes: a turntable, a base, and a worktable shaft. The worktable shaft is rotatably mounted on the base, which is mounted on the bed. One end of the worktable shaft is connected to the turntable. The turntable is used to coaxially fix the worm gear, so that the worm gear and the worktable shaft are coaxially arranged.

[0010] As an embodiment of the present invention, the driven center tip and the worktable are both integrated with a sensor rotor, including: Both the driven center spindle, at the end furthest from the active center structure, and the active center spindle, at the end furthest from the center mechanism, have end-tooth structures; the end-tooth structures serve as sensor rotors.

[0011] As an embodiment of the present invention, the controller module performs the following operations: When the worm gear pair is under dynamic testing, the motor is controlled by the fuzzy PID control algorithm, which is based on the system error, rate of change, and the proportional coefficient, integral coefficient and derivative coefficient of the PID dynamically adjusted by the fuzzy controller. When the dynamic test of the worm gear pair is completed, the transmission ratio is obtained by comparing the rotation data of the worm gear and the worm.

[0012] As an embodiment of the present invention, when the dynamic test of the worm gear pair is completed, the transmission ratio is obtained by comparing the rotation data of the worm gear and the worm, including: The rotation data of the worm gear and worm are acquired separately; the rotation data includes: pulse time data, transmission time data, angle data and acquisition time data; The rotation data of the worm gear and worm are divided into intervals according to a preset length to obtain the worm gear data interval sequence and the worm data interval sequence; Select the worm gear data interval in the worm gear data interval sequence according to the sequence number as the target interval, and calculate the difference between the transmission time data and pulse time data and the acquisition time data and transmission time data in the target interval to obtain the first delay data and the second delay data of the worm gear. Select the worm data interval in the worm data interval sequence with the same sequence number as the target interval as the target assistance interval. Subtract the transmission time data from the pulse time data and the acquisition time data from the transmission time data in the target assistance interval to obtain the first delay data and the second delay data of the worm. The data reliability of the target interval and the target assistance interval are calculated based on the first and second time delay data of the worm gear and worm respectively. Repeat the above steps to calculate the data reliability of the worm gear data range and the worm wheel data range; The transmission ratio is obtained by selecting the data from the worm gear data range and the worm wheel data range with the highest data reliability.

[0013] As an embodiment of the present invention, the transmission ratio is obtained by selecting the data from the worm gear data range and the worm wheel data range with the highest data reliability, including: A first angle curve is constructed based on the angle data and pulse time data of the worm gear data range with the highest data reliability, and a second angle curve is constructed based on the angle data and pulse time data of the worm wheel data range with the highest data reliability. When constructing the angle curves, the data in the angle range is used as the vertical axis and the data in the pulse range is used as the horizontal axis. The transmission ratio is obtained by comparing the angle data under the same pulse time data on the first angle curve and the second angle curve.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: by integrating the time grating sensor with the driven center tip and the worktable, level 1 accuracy detection is achieved, meeting high precision requirements; at the same time, the fuzzy PID control algorithm is used to achieve motor overshoot-free and fast response, adapting to nonlinear loads; it solves the problems in existing detection systems where the motor cannot adaptively adjust control parameters, resulting in insufficient operational stability and low detection accuracy, as well as the mechanical errors in transmission error measurement, leading to low accuracy and reliability of transmission error detection.

[0015] Other advantages, objectives, and features of the invention will be set forth in the following description and will be apparent to those skilled in the art in some respects, or may be learned by practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention can be realized and obtained through the following description. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and beneficial effects of this invention clearer, the following figures are provided for illustration: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the worm gear positioning of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the active tip structure of the present invention; Figure 4 This is an exploded view of the workbench of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0017] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the present invention provides a worm gear pair single-sided meshing instrument, comprising: Horizontal beam 2; The center mechanism 14 is located on the crossbeam 2 and is used to support and position the worm gear. The center mechanism 14 includes a driven center end 3, an active center end 4, and a motor 7. The motor 7 is located on the active center end 4 and is used to drive the worm gear to rotate for dynamic testing. The bed 1 is equipped with a crossbeam 2 and a worktable. The relative position of the crossbeam 2 and the worktable is adjusted to allow the worm gear and worm to mesh. The worktable is used to coaxially mount the worm gear. The sensor module includes a sensor rotor 17 and a sensor stator 8. The sensor rotor 17 and the sensor stator 8 are installed in compatible positions and are used to collect rotation data of the worm gear and worm respectively. The sensor rotor 17 is integrated into both the driven center end 3 and the worktable. The controller module is used to control motor 7 for dynamic testing based on the fuzzy PID algorithm and obtain the transmission ratio based on the rotation data. The working principle of the above technical solution is as follows: In the process of measuring the transmission ratio of a worm gear pair, the two ends of the worm are fixed and positioned by the driven center end 3 and the driving center end 4, respectively; at the same time, the worm gear is installed on the worktable, and then the positions of the crossbeam 2 and the worktable are adjusted by the bed 1, so that the worm 12 and the worm gear mesh, completing the preparation before dynamic testing; it is worth noting that the worktable and the crossbeam 2 are slidably installed on the bed 1, and their positions are adjusted by a moving adjustment mechanism, so that the worktable and the crossbeam 2 slide on the bed 1; wherein, the moving adjustment mechanism includes, but is not limited to, lead screws and electric telescopic rods, etc., and the specific structure is existing technology in this field, and will not be described in detail here; During testing, the controller module controls the motor 7 to start based on the fuzzy PID control algorithm. The motor 7 drives the worm gear to rotate for dynamic testing. The sensor module collects the rotation data of the worm gear and worm wheel in real time, and calculates the transmission ratio based on the rotation data. The sensor module is a time grid sensor, with one on the driven tip 3 and one inside the worktable, which collects the rotation data of the worm gear and worm wheel respectively. The sensor rotor 17 of the time grid sensor is integrated with the driven tip 3 and the components inside the worktable. Then, the sensor stator 8 is installed accordingly to complete the data acquisition. The beneficial effects of the above technical solution are as follows: By integrating the time grating sensor with the driven tip 3 and the worktable, a level 1 accuracy detection is achieved, meeting the accuracy requirements of level 5 or above in GB / T 10089-2018. Simultaneously, the fuzzy PID control algorithm enables the motor 7 to achieve no overshoot and fast response, adapting to nonlinear loads. This solves the problems in existing detection systems where the motor 7 cannot adaptively adjust control parameters, resulting in insufficient operational stability and low detection accuracy, as well as the mechanical errors in transmission error measurement leading to low accuracy and reliability in transmission error detection.

[0018] In one embodiment, the driven center end 3 includes: a live center structure 13, a driven worm gear clamp 10, a driven center spindle 15, and a driven mounting block. The driven mounting block is disposed on the crossbeam 2, and the driven center spindle 15 is rotatably disposed on the driven mounting block. One end of the driven center spindle 15 is coaxially connected to the live center structure 13. The driven worm gear clamp 10 is fixed on the driven center spindle 15 and is used to fix the worm, so that the worm, the live center structure 13, and the driven center spindle 15 are coaxial. The active center end 4 includes: a center mechanism 14, an active worm gear clamp 11, an active center spindle and an active mounting block. The driven mounting block is located on the crossbeam 2. The active center spindle is rotatably mounted on the active mounting block. One end of the active center spindle is coaxially connected to the center structure. The active center spindle is connected to the motor 7 through a transmission mechanism 9. The motor 7 is fixed on the active mounting block. The active worm gear clamp 11 is fixed on the active center spindle. The active worm gear clamp 11 is used to fix the worm, so that the worm, the center structure and the active center spindle are coaxial. The working principle and beneficial effects of the above technical solution are as follows: During the process of fixing the worm gear through the driven center end 3 and the driving center end 4, the driven mounting block and the driving mounting block, which are slidably mounted on the crossbeam 2, are adjusted by a sliding adjustment mechanism to make them move towards each other. This allows the live center structure 13 and the center mechanism 14 to be inserted into the center holes at both ends of the worm gear, completing the initial positioning and fixing of the worm gear. The sliding adjustment mechanism, which makes the driven mounting block and the driving mounting block move towards each other, includes, but is not limited to, a bidirectional lead screw. That is, the driven mounting block and the driving mounting block are respectively mounted on screws symmetrical to the bidirectional lead screw, thereby achieving the movement towards each other. This is existing technology. Further details are omitted here. Additionally, the fixed-point mechanism on the active center end 4 can be either a live center or a dead center. When it is a live center, the center structure is fixedly connected to one end of the active center spindle and slidably connected to the active mounting block. When it is a dead center, the center structure is rotatably connected to one end of the active center spindle and fixedly connected to the active mounting block. The choice of the two center mechanisms 14 depends on the actual situation. High-precision bearings 16 are used to connect the driven center spindle 15 and the active center spindle to the driven mounting block and the active mounting block, respectively, during the sliding connection process. This is existing technology and will not be elaborated upon here. After the initial positioning and fixation are completed by the live center structure 13 and the center mechanism 14, the worm is fixed a second time by the active worm clamp 11 and the driven worm clamp 10, respectively. At the same time, it is ensured that the worm, the center structure and the active center spindle are coaxial, and the worm, the live center structure 13 and the driven center spindle 15 are coaxial, so that the motor 7 can drive the worm to rotate and realize dynamic testing. It is worth noting that the worm clamp here is the prior art well known to those skilled in the art, and will not be described in detail here.

[0019] In one embodiment, the worktable includes: a turntable 5, a base 6, and a worktable shaft 18. The worktable shaft 18 is rotatably mounted on the base 6, and the base 6 is mounted on the bed 1. One end of the worktable shaft 18 is connected to the turntable 5. The turntable 5 is used to coaxially fix the worm gear, so that the worm gear and the worktable shaft 18 are coaxially arranged.

[0020] The working principle and beneficial effects of the above technical solution are as follows: During the adjustment of the worktable position, the worktable position is adjusted by connecting the base 6 with the moving adjustment mechanism on the bed 1; when fixing the worm gear, the worm gear worktable rotating shaft 18 is coaxially aligned and then fixed by the fixing device provided on the turntable 5 to complete the installation of the worm gear; wherein, the fixing device includes, but is not limited to, screws, etc.

[0021] In one embodiment, the driven tip 3 and the worktable are both integrated with a sensor rotor 17, including: Both the driven center spindle 15, away from the active center structure 13, and the active center spindle, away from the center mechanism 14, have end toothed structures; the end toothed structures serve as sensor rotor 17. The working principle and beneficial effects of the above technical solution are as follows: The sensor module mainly adopts a time grid sensor. The driven center end 3 is integrated into the driven center spindle 15 (the rotor and the spindle are integrated). The time grid sensor in the worktable is integrated into the worktable shaft 18 (the rotor and the end tooth structure of the shaft are integrated). During testing, the sensor outputs a pulse signal, which is then photoelectrically isolated, amplified and shaped before being input into the FMT system. The signal is subdivided (reading decimal method) through high-frequency clock interpolation to obtain rotation data, avoiding the error of traditional frequency doubling subdivision.

[0022] In one embodiment, the controller module performs the following operations: When the worm gear pair is under dynamic testing, the motor 7 is controlled by the fuzzy PID control algorithm, which is based on the system error, rate of change, and the proportional coefficient, integral coefficient and derivative coefficient of the dynamically adjusted PID controller collected in real time. When the dynamic test of the worm gear pair is completed, the transmission ratio is obtained by comparing the rotation data of the worm gear and the worm. The working principle and beneficial effects of the above technical solution are as follows: The controller module mainly programs and controls the motor 7 through a PLC program. A host computer interface is developed based on Qt for parameter setting, real-time monitoring, data processing, and emergency control. Because the worm load changes non-linearly with the meshing position during the meshing process of medium and large worm gear pairs, traditional fixed-parameter PID control cannot adaptively adjust, easily leading to problems such as speed overshoot and adjustment lag. Therefore, a fuzzy PID control algorithm was specifically designed for the "active top-mounted servo motor 7"—using a fuzzy controller to collect the system error (e) and rate of change (ec) in real time, and dynamically adjust the proportional coefficient (KP), integral coefficient (KI), and derivative coefficient (KD) of the PID. Finally, Simulink simulation verification shows that the algorithm has almost zero overshoot and significantly reduced settling time compared to traditional PID, meeting the stability requirements of worm gear drives and supporting the dynamic detection accuracy of the instrument.

[0023] In one embodiment, when the dynamic test of the worm gear pair is completed, the transmission ratio is obtained by comparing the rotational data of the worm gear and the worm, including: The rotation data of the worm gear and worm are acquired separately; the rotation data includes: pulse time data, transmission time data, angle data and acquisition time data; The rotation data of the worm gear and worm are divided into intervals according to a preset length to obtain the worm gear data interval sequence and the worm data interval sequence; Select the worm gear data interval in the worm gear data interval sequence according to the sequence number as the target interval, and calculate the difference between the transmission time data and pulse time data and the acquisition time data and transmission time data in the target interval to obtain the first delay data and the second delay data of the worm gear. Select the worm data interval in the worm data interval sequence with the same sequence number as the target interval as the target assistance interval. Subtract the transmission time data from the pulse time data and the acquisition time data from the transmission time data in the target assistance interval to obtain the first delay data and the second delay data of the worm. The data reliability of the target interval and the target assistance interval are calculated based on the first and second time delay data of the worm gear and worm respectively. Repeat the above steps to calculate the data reliability of the worm gear data range and the worm wheel data range; The transmission ratio is obtained by selecting the data from the worm gear data range and the worm wheel data range with the highest data reliability.

[0024] Among them, the data from the worm gear data range and the worm wheel data range with the highest data reliability were selected for calculation to obtain the transmission ratio, including: A first angle curve is constructed based on the angle data and pulse time data of the worm gear data range with the highest data reliability, and a second angle curve is constructed based on the angle data and pulse time data of the worm wheel data range with the highest data reliability. When constructing the angle curves, the data in the angle range is used as the vertical axis and the data in the pulse range is used as the horizontal axis. The transmission ratio is obtained by comparing the angle data under the same pulse time data on the first angle curve and the second angle curve.

[0025] The working principle of the above technical solution is as follows: When calculating the transmission ratio of the worm gear pair, some current measuring instruments directly compare the angle data collected by the sensor at the same moment. This calculation method lacks accuracy. This is because when measuring angle data using a sensor, a time-grating sensor is used. The time-grating sensor transmits data via communication. At the start of data acquisition, the time-grating sensor records a pulse signal and internally calculates the angle value. After calculating the angle value, the time-grating sensor transmits the angle value to the data acquisition device via communication to obtain the angle data. In reality, the angle data here is the value generated when the pulse signal is generated (…). The first time point is the rotation value of the worm gear or worm, while the data acquisition device considers the angle data to be the current time (the second time point, the time when the data acquisition device receives the angle data) of the worm gear or worm wheel (that is, the angle data used by existing measuring instruments to calculate the transmission ratio); that is, the relationship between the first time point and the second time point is: second time point = first time point + sensor calculation time + transmission time; however, when detecting the calculation data used for the worm gear pair transmission ratio, it is necessary to calculate it separately using two time grid sensors, and due to the different performance of the two sensors, the sensor calculation time and transmission time will be different; currently When calculating the transmission ratio using measurement methods, data from the same point in time from the data acquisition device is used for comparison, i.e., data from the same second time point is used. Due to differences in sensor performance, the actual rotation angles of the worm gear and worm are not at the same moment, i.e., the first time points are different. This results in a time difference in the angle data used in existing calculation methods, leading to insufficient accuracy in the calculated transmission ratio. Therefore, this technical solution acquires the rotation data of the worm gear and worm separately during calculation. The rotation data includes: pulse time data, transmission time data, angle data, and acquisition time data. The pulse time data is the time sequence of the time points recorded when the sensor module generates the synchronous pulse signal (i.e., the first time point sequence). The angle data sequence is the sequence formed by the angle data acquired by the sensor module (i.e., the angle data received by the control module). The acquisition time data is the time sequence corresponding to the time points of the angle data recorded by the control module (the second time point sequence). The transmission time data is the time sequence of the angle data calculated internally by the sensor module and then sent to the control module. At the same time, the pulse time data, angle data, transmission time, and acquisition time are sequentially corresponding (based on the number of acquisitions). The acquired rotation data of the worm gear and worm are divided into intervals according to a preset length to obtain the worm gear data interval sequence and the worm data interval sequence. For example, the rotation data is (rotation 1, rotation 2, rotation 3, rotation 4, rotation 5, rotation 6, rotation 7, rotation 8, rotation 9), which can be divided into a sequence of (rotation 1, rotation 2, rotation 3), (rotation 4, rotation 5, rotation 6), (rotation 7, rotation 8, rotation 9). Since the acquisition frequency of the worm and worm gear is the same, the elements in the worm gear data interval sequence and the worm data interval sequence are also in one-to-one correspondence. Then, the worm gear data interval in the worm gear data interval sequence is selected as the target interval according to the sequence number. The difference between the transmission time data and the pulse time data, and the difference between the acquisition time data and the transmission time data in the target interval are respectively calculated to obtain the first and second delay data of the worm gear. The worm gear data interval in the worm gear data interval sequence with the same sequence number as the target interval is selected as the target assistance interval. The difference between the transmission time data and the pulse time data, and the difference between the acquisition time data and the transmission time data in the target assistance interval are respectively calculated to obtain the first and second delay data of the worm gear. It is worth noting that the first delay data is obtained by subtracting the transmission time data and the pulse time data in the same order within the interval, which is the sensor calculation time; the second delay data is obtained by subtracting the acquisition time data and the transmission time data in the same order within the interval, which is the transmission time. The data reliability of the target interval and the target assistance interval is calculated based on the first and second time delay data of the worm gear and worm. Specifically, the variance of the first and second time delay data of the worm gear and worm is calculated, and then the multiple variances are weighted, summed, and the reciprocal is taken to obtain the data reliability of the target interval and the target assistance interval. The higher the data reliability, the more stable the calculation time and transmission time of the sensor module are, the more stable the corresponding sensor performance is, and the higher the accuracy of the angle data measured by it is. Finally, the transmission ratio is calculated by selecting the data from the worm gear data range and the worm wheel data range with the highest data reliability. Specifically, a first angle curve is constructed based on the angle data and pulse time data of the worm gear data range with the highest data reliability, and a second angle curve is constructed based on the angle data and pulse time data of the worm wheel data range with the highest data reliability. The transmission ratio is obtained by comparing the angle data under the same pulse time data on the first angle curve and the second angle curve. The beneficial effects of the above technical solution are as follows: By constructing an angle curve based on pulse time (the actual measurement reference time) and calculating the angle data ratio at the same pulse time point, the time asynchrony error caused by the difference between sensor calculation time and transmission time is eliminated, improving the transmission ratio calculation accuracy to a theoretical level that matches the inherent accuracy of the sensor. This is particularly suitable for high-precision worm gear transmission ratio detection scenarios. Simultaneously, by calculating the weighted reciprocal of the variance of the first time delay (sensor calculation time) and the second time delay (transmission time), the reliability of the data is quantified, forming a dynamic evaluation of the real-time performance status of the sensor module. This accurately identifies the sensor performance fluctuation range, effectively avoiding the impact of "bad data" caused by abnormal factors such as instantaneous sensor performance degradation and communication interference, significantly improving the reliability and repeatability of the measurement results.

[0026] Finally, it should be noted that the above preferred embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail through the above preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that various changes can be made to it in form and detail without departing from the scope defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A worm gear pair single-sided meshing instrument, characterized in that, include: beam; The center mechanism, located on the crossbeam, is used to support and position the worm gear; the center mechanism includes: a driven center end, a driving center end, and a motor; the motor is located at the driving center end and is used to drive the worm gear to rotate for dynamic testing; The bed is equipped with a crossbeam and a worktable. The relative positions of the crossbeam and the worktable are adjusted to allow the worm gear and worm to mesh. The worktable is used to coaxially mount the worm gear. The sensor module includes a sensor rotor and a sensor stator, the installation positions of which are adapted to each other, for collecting rotational data of the worm gear and worm respectively; wherein, the sensor rotor is integrated into both the driven center end and the worktable. The controller module is used to control the motor for dynamic testing based on the fuzzy PID algorithm and obtain the transmission ratio based on the rotation data.

2. The worm gear pair single-sided meshing instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that, The driven center end includes: a live center structure, a driven worm gear clamp, a driven center shaft, and a driven mounting block. The driven mounting block is mounted on the crossbeam, and the driven center spindle is rotatably mounted on the driven mounting block. One end of the driven center spindle is coaxially connected to the live center structure. The driven worm gear clamp is fixed on the driven center spindle and is used to fix the worm, so that the worm, the live center structure, and the driven center spindle are coaxial.

3. The worm gear pair single-sided meshing instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that, The active center end includes: a center mechanism, an active worm gear clamp, an active center spindle, and an active mounting block. The driven mounting block is located on the crossbeam, and the active center spindle is rotatably mounted on the active mounting block. One end of the active center spindle is coaxially connected to the center structure, and the active center spindle is connected to a motor drive. A motor is fixed on the active mounting block. The active worm gear clamp is fixed on the active center spindle. The active worm gear clamp is used to fix the worm, so that the worm, the center structure and the active center spindle are coaxial.

4. A worm gear pair single-sided meshing instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that, The worktable includes a rotary table, a base, and a worktable shaft. The worktable shaft is rotatably mounted on the base, which is mounted on the bed. One end of the worktable shaft is connected to the rotary table, which is used to coaxially fix the worm gear, so that the worm gear and the worktable shaft are coaxially aligned.

5. A worm gear pair single-sided meshing instrument according to claim 4, characterized in that, The driven center and the worktable are both integrated with a sensor rotor, including: Both the driven center spindle, at the end furthest from the active center structure, and the active center spindle, at the end furthest from the center mechanism, have end-tooth structures; the end-tooth structures serve as sensor rotors.

6. A worm gear pair single-sided meshing instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that, The controller module performs the following operations: When the worm gear pair is under dynamic testing, the motor is controlled by the fuzzy PID control algorithm, which is based on the system error, rate of change, and the proportional coefficient, integral coefficient and derivative coefficient of the PID dynamically adjusted by the fuzzy controller. When the dynamic test of the worm gear pair is completed, the transmission ratio is obtained by comparing the rotation data of the worm gear and the worm.

7. A worm gear pair single-sided meshing device according to claim 6, characterized in that, When the dynamic test of the worm gear pair is completed, the transmission ratio is obtained by comparing the rotational data of the worm gear and the worm, including: The rotation data of the worm gear and worm are acquired separately; the rotation data includes: pulse time data, transmission time data, angle data and acquisition time data; The rotation data of the worm gear and worm are divided into intervals according to a preset length to obtain the worm gear data interval sequence and the worm data interval sequence; Select the worm gear data interval in the worm gear data interval sequence according to the sequence number as the target interval, and calculate the difference between the transmission time data and pulse time data and the acquisition time data and transmission time data in the target interval to obtain the first delay data and the second delay data of the worm gear. Select the worm data interval in the worm data interval sequence with the same sequence number as the target interval as the target assistance interval. Subtract the transmission time data from the pulse time data and the acquisition time data from the transmission time data in the target assistance interval to obtain the first delay data and the second delay data of the worm. The data reliability of the target interval and the target assistance interval is calculated based on the first and second time delay data of the worm gear and worm. Repeat the above steps to calculate the data reliability of the worm gear data range and the worm wheel data range; The transmission ratio is obtained by selecting the data from the worm gear data range and the worm wheel data range with the highest data reliability.

8. A worm gear pair single-sided meshing instrument according to claim 7, characterized in that, The transmission ratio is obtained by selecting the data from the worm gear and worm wheel data ranges with the highest data reliability, including: A first angle curve is constructed based on the angle data and pulse time data of the worm gear data range with the highest data reliability, and a second angle curve is constructed based on the angle data and pulse time data of the worm wheel data range with the highest data reliability. When constructing the angle curves, the data in the angle range is used as the vertical axis and the data in the pulse range is used as the horizontal axis. The transmission ratio is obtained by comparing the angle data under the same pulse time data on the first angle curve and the second angle curve.

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