Harvest yield intelligent detection mechanism and harvest yield intelligent detection method for harvester

Abstract

The invention discloses an intelligent harvest yield detection mechanism and method for a harvester, the mechanism comprises a rack, a grain hopper and a cylindrical metering roller which are arranged up and down are mounted on the rack, and the metering roller is rotatably mounted relative to the rack; the metering roller is internally provided with a plurality of metering cavities which are distributed around the circumference of the rotating axis of the metering roller in an array mode, and each metering cavity is provided with a grain inlet; a rotating shaft of the metering roller is transversely arranged, the number of the metering cavities is three, and the grain inlet is located in the outer circumferential face of the metering roller. An arc-shaped plate attached to the outer wall of the metering roller is fixed on the rack; a first stop pin and a second stop pin corresponding to each metering cavity are arranged at the end part of the metering roller; the first stop pins and the second stop pins corresponding to the same metering cavity are arranged in a staggered manner in the circumferential direction; a blocking mechanism capable of acting on the first stop pin and a metering mechanism capable of acting on the second stop pin are mounted on the rack; the blocking mechanism and the metering mechanism are both connected with the controller.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of harvester harvest quantity detection technology, and in particular to an intelligent harvest quantity detection mechanism and method for harvesters. Background Technology

[0002] In agricultural production, harvesters are key equipment for achieving efficient harvesting of grain crops, and their operational performance directly affects the efficiency and management level of agricultural production. With the development of precision agriculture technology, the demand for real-time monitoring and data collection of crop yields during the harvesting process is increasing.

[0003] In the prior art, patent CN 110361078 A provides an online grain yield detection device based on weighing calibration volumetric method. It has two volumetric hoppers, one on the left and one on the right. Each volumetric hopper has a weighing mechanism underneath it, and a leveling mechanism that moves horizontally above each volumetric hopper. Each volumetric hopper also has an opening mechanism underneath it. This device requires a weighing mechanism for each volumetric hopper, and the grain outlet of the grain conveying mechanism needs to move frequently above each volumetric hopper in turn. The leveling mechanism has low operating efficiency, and the overall cost is high due to the need to set an opening mechanism for each volumetric hopper. Patent CN 118592189 A provides an alternative yield detection mechanism, which has a vertically placed cylindrical container divided into multiple volume chambers. In use, the grain outlet injects grain into the lower volume chamber at a fixed position. The cylindrical container rotates under the drive of a motor to switch the volume chambers. In addition, when weight calibration is required, the grain in the volume chambers needs to be released into the measuring cylinder below the cylindrical container. After calibration, the opening mechanism below the measuring cylinder is opened to release the grain. This patent requires a special motor to control the rotation of the cylindrical container, and the grain in the volume chambers needs to be released into the measuring cylinder below the cylindrical container when calibrating the weight. The operation is complicated, the cost is high, and the overall yield detection mechanism has the disadvantage of large structural volume. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Purpose of the invention: In order to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology, the present invention provides a low-cost, easy-to-use, and highly efficient intelligent harvest quantity detection mechanism and method for harvesters.

[0005] Technical solution: To achieve the above objective, the present invention provides an intelligent harvesting quantity detection mechanism for a harvester, which includes a frame on which a grain hopper arranged vertically and a cylindrical metering roller are mounted. The metering roller is rotatably mounted relative to the frame and has multiple metering chambers arranged in a circular array around its rotation axis. Each metering chamber has a grain inlet.

[0006] The measuring drum has a horizontally positioned shaft, three measuring chambers, and the grain inlet is located on the outer circumference of the measuring drum; an arc-shaped plate is fixed on the frame and attached to the outer wall of the measuring drum.

[0007] The end of the metering roller is provided with a first stop pin and a second stop pin corresponding to each metering cavity; the first stop pin and the second stop pin corresponding to the same metering cavity are staggered in the circumferential direction;

[0008] The frame is equipped with a blocking mechanism that can act on the first stop pin and a measuring mechanism that can act on the second stop pin; both the blocking mechanism and the measuring mechanism are connected to a controller.

[0009] When in use, the intelligent harvesting quantity detection mechanism is placed between the grain conveying device and the grain bin of the harvester, with the grain conveying device first feeding the grain into the grain hopper.

[0010] The metering roller is divided into three metering chambers by three partitions. The grain inlet for each metering chamber is positioned against one side of the partition. Only one metering chamber receives grain from the grain hopper at a time. When the metering roller stops receiving grain from one of its chambers, two chambers are on top and one is on the bottom. The partition between the two upper chambers is vertically positioned. In this case, a blocking mechanism acts on the first stop pin corresponding to the receiving chamber. When the receiving chamber is full, the blocking mechanism first switches to a clearance state to release the first stop pin and then returns to the blocking state. When the blocking mechanism is in the released state, because the center of gravity of the grain-filled chamber is off-center from the central axis of the metering roller, the gravity of the grain-filled chamber causes the metering roller to rotate until the first stop pin corresponding to the next metering chamber is blocked by the blocking mechanism. As the measuring drum rotates, the edge of the arc-shaped plate scrapes away excess grain at the grain inlet of the measuring chamber, and the arc-shaped plate also keeps the grain inside the measuring chamber. When the first stop pin corresponding to the next measuring chamber is blocked by the blocking mechanism, the grain inlet of the measuring chamber containing grain has detached from the arc-shaped plate, allowing the grain inside to flow out from the grain inlet to the grain bin below. This cycle repeats, enabling equal-volume measurement of grain. Each rotation of the measuring drum performs a count, obtaining the volume of grain collected. During the above process, the measuring mechanism is in a non-operating state and does not act on the second stop pin.

[0011] When it is necessary to calibrate the weight of the grain in the metering chamber, the metering mechanism switches to the working state. After the metering chamber currently receiving grain is filled with grain, the blocking mechanism releases the first stop pin. Under the action of the grain weight, the metering roller rotates at a certain angle, and the second stop pin is blocked by the metering mechanism. At this time, the arc plate blocks the grain inlet of the metering chamber, and the grain inlet of the next metering chamber has not yet been connected to the lower end of the grain hopper. The data obtained by the metering mechanism is converted by the controller to obtain the weight of the grain in the metering chamber.

[0012] Furthermore, corresponding to each of the metering chambers, the first stop pin and the second stop pin are fixed at both ends of the metering roller; correspondingly, the blocking mechanism and the metering mechanism are installed on both sides of the frame.

[0013] Furthermore, the blocking mechanism includes a fixed base connected to the frame, a floating base placed above the fixed base, and a first blocking block that slides relative to the floating base;

[0014] The fixed base is equipped with a plurality of guide rods for guiding the floating seat, and a first rectangular spring is threaded through the guide rods; the two ends of the first rectangular spring abut against the fixed base and the floating seat respectively;

[0015] The first blocking block can slide horizontally relative to the floating seat, and the sliding motion is driven by a first driving element mounted on the floating seat. The first driving element can be a cylinder or an electric push rod;

[0016] The first driving element drives the first blocking block to move, enabling the first blocking block to extend or retract, switching between blocking and avoidance states.

[0017] Furthermore, the first blocking block has an arc-shaped groove.

[0018] Furthermore, the measuring mechanism includes a slide rail fixed on the frame and installed vertically. A first slider and a second slider arranged vertically are slidably mounted on the slide rail. A first seat and a second seat are respectively fixed on the first slider and the second slider. A tension sensor is connected between the first seat and the second seat.

[0019] The second seat is equipped with a second stop block and a second driving element that drives the second stop block to slide laterally relative to the second seat.

[0020] A fixed stop block is fixed on the frame and located below the first base body. A second rectangular spring is provided between the fixed stop block and the first base body.

[0021] Furthermore, the upper side of the second stop has a recessed groove.

[0022] Based on the above-mentioned intelligent harvest quantity detection method for an intelligent harvest quantity detection mechanism for a harvester, the method includes a volume measurement process and a weight calibration process.

[0023] The volume measurement process includes:

[0024] After the metering chamber receives grain for a preset time, the blocking mechanism is first switched to the avoidance state to release the first blocking pin, and then the blocking mechanism is restored to the blocking state.

[0025] The number of releases into the metering chamber is counted to obtain the metering count;

[0026] The total harvest volume is obtained by multiplying the number of measurements by the volume of the measuring chamber.

[0027] The weight calibration process includes:

[0028] Control the measuring mechanism to the working state, that is, extend the second stop;

[0029] After the metering chamber receives grain for a preset time, the blocking mechanism is first switched to the avoidance state to release the first blocking pin, and then the blocking mechanism is restored to the blocking state.

[0030] After the tension data collected by the tension sensor in the metering mechanism stabilizes, the weight of the grain in a single metering chamber is calculated based on the tension data and recorded as the unit weight. The relationship between the tension data and the grain weight can be calibrated in advance.

[0031] The total harvested weight is the product of the unit weight and the measured quantity. The above weight calibration procedure is performed while the harvester is stopped to prevent the weight of the equipment from affecting the measurement results.

[0032] Beneficial Effects: The intelligent harvest quantity detection mechanism and method for harvesters of the present invention have the following beneficial effects:

[0033] (1) In this invention, by rearranging the metering roller and setting a first stop pin, a second stop pin, a blocking mechanism and a metering mechanism, the volume and weight of the grain harvested by the harvester can be measured by reasonable control. During use, the metering roller rotates by the weight of the grain, without the need to set up a motor or other driving components, which can save costs. In addition, the method of weight calibration is simple, without the need to set up a metering scale for each metering chamber or to pour the grain into another metering container for measurement, which can improve the convenience of use.

[0034] (2) The structural design of the blocking mechanism not only enables the first blocking block to extend and retract to block the first blocking pin and release the first blocking pin, but also enables the first rectangular spring to buffer the impact during the blocking process, effectively avoiding damage caused by the impact.

[0035] (3) The structural design of the measuring mechanism not only enables the second stop to extend and retract to block and release the second stop pin, but also allows the second rectangular spring to buffer the impact during the blocking process, effectively preventing damage. In addition, the tensile data collected by the tensile sensor is related to the grain weight, and the grain weight data can be easily calculated based on the tensile data.

[0036] (4) The intelligent harvest detection method of the present invention can realize online measurement of yield, perform harvest measurement and statistics of different plots as needed, and perform weight calibration in a timely manner to meet diverse measurement requirements. Attached Figure Description

[0037] Figure 1 A front view structural diagram of the intelligent harvest quantity detection mechanism used in a harvester;

[0038] Figure 2 A three-dimensional structural diagram of an intelligent harvest quantity detection mechanism used in harvesters;

[0039] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Enlarged structural diagram of section A;

[0040] Figure 4 A cross-sectional view of the intelligent harvest quantity detection mechanism used in a harvester;

[0041] Figure 5 A state diagram of the intelligent harvest quantity detection mechanism used for harvesters during weight calibration.

[0042] In the diagram: 1-Frame; 2-Grain hopper; 3-Metering roller; 31-Metering chamber; 32-Grain inlet; 33-Baffle; 4-First stop pin; 5-Second stop pin; 6-Blocking mechanism; 61-Fixed seat; 62-Floating seat; 63-First blocking block; 64-Guide rod; 65-First rectangular spring; 66-First driving element; 7-Metering mechanism; 71-Slide rail; 72-First seat; 73-Second seat; 74-Tension sensor; 75-Second stop block; 76-Second driving element; 77-Fixed stop block; 78-Second rectangular spring; 8-Arc plate. Detailed Implementation

[0043] The invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0044] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 The intelligent harvesting quantity detection mechanism for a harvester shown includes a frame 1, on which a grain hopper 2 arranged vertically and a cylindrical metering roller 3 are mounted. The metering roller 3 is rotatably mounted relative to the frame 1, and the metering roller 3 has multiple metering chambers 31 arranged in a circular array around its rotation axis. Each metering chamber 31 has a grain inlet 32.

[0045] The measuring roller 3 has a horizontally arranged rotating shaft, and there are three measuring chambers 31. The grain inlet 32 ​​is located on the outer circumferential surface of the measuring roller 3. An arc-shaped plate 8 is fixed on the frame 1 and is attached to the outer wall of the measuring roller 3.

[0046] The end of the metering roller 3 is provided with a first stop pin 4 and a second stop pin 5 corresponding to each metering cavity 31; the first stop pin 4 and the second stop pin 5 corresponding to the same metering cavity 31 are staggered in the circumferential direction.

[0047] The frame 1 is equipped with a blocking mechanism 6 that can act on the first stop pin 4 and a measuring mechanism 7 that can act on the second stop pin 5; both the blocking mechanism 6 and the measuring mechanism 7 are connected to a controller.

[0048] When in use, the intelligent harvesting quantity detection mechanism is placed between the grain conveying device and the grain bin of the harvester, and the grain conveying device first enters the grain hopper 2.

[0049] like Figure 4 As shown, the interior of the metering roller 3 is divided into three metering chambers 31 by three partitions 33. The grain inlet 32 ​​corresponding to each metering chamber 31 is arranged against one side of the partition 33. Only one metering chamber 31 of the metering roller 3 receives grain from the grain hopper 2 at a time. When the metering roller 3 stops receiving grain from one of its metering chambers 31, as shown... Figure 4As shown, two metering chambers 31 are on top, and one metering chamber 31 is on the bottom. A partition 33 is vertically arranged between the two metering chambers 31 on the top. At this time, the blocking mechanism 6 acts on the first stop pin 4 corresponding to the metering chamber 31 that receives grain. When the metering chamber 31 that receives grain is full, the blocking mechanism 6 first switches to the avoidance state to release the first stop pin 4 and then returns to the blocking state. When the blocking mechanism 6 is in the released state, since the center of gravity of the metering chamber 31 containing grain is off from the central axis of the metering roller 3, the gravity of the metering chamber 31 containing grain causes the metering roller 3 to rotate until the first stop pin 4 corresponding to the next metering chamber 31 is blocked by the blocking mechanism 6. When the metering roller 3 rotates, the edge of the arc-shaped plate 8 scrapes away excess grain at the grain inlet 32 ​​of the metering chamber 31, and the arc-shaped plate 8 can keep the grain inside the metering chamber 31. When the first stop pin 4 corresponding to the next metering chamber 31 is blocked by the blocking mechanism 6, the grain inlet 32 ​​of the metering chamber 31 containing grain has been disengaged from the arc-shaped plate 8, allowing the grain inside to flow out from the grain inlet 32 ​​to the grain bin below. This cycle repeats, enabling equal-volume measurement of grain. Each rotation of the metering roller 3 performs a count, obtaining the volume of the collected grain. During the above process, the metering mechanism 7 is in a non-operating state and does not act on the second stop pin 5.

[0050] When it is necessary to calibrate the weight of the grain in the measuring chamber 31, the measuring mechanism 7 switches to the working state. After the measuring chamber 31, which is currently receiving grain, is filled with grain, the blocking mechanism 6 releases the first stop pin 4. Under the action of the grain weight, the measuring roller 3 rotates a certain angle, and the second stop pin 5 is blocked by the measuring mechanism 7. At this time, if... Figure 5 As shown, the arc plate 8 blocks the grain inlet 32 ​​of the metering chamber 31, and the grain inlet 32 ​​of the next metering chamber 31 has not yet been connected to the lower end of the grain hopper 2. The data obtained by the metering mechanism 7 is converted by the controller to obtain the weight of the grain in the metering chamber 31.

[0051] In this invention, by rearranging the metering roller 3 and setting the first stop pin 4, the second stop pin 5, the blocking mechanism 6, and the metering mechanism 7, and through reasonable control, the volume and weight of the grain harvested by the harvester can be measured. During use, the metering roller 3 rotates by the weight of the grain, eliminating the need for drive components such as motors, thus saving costs. In addition, the method of weight calibration is simple, eliminating the need to set up a weighing scale for each metering chamber 31 or to pour the grain into another metering container for measurement, thereby improving ease of use.

[0052] Preferably, for each of the metering chambers 31, the first stop pin 4 and the second stop pin 5 are fixed at both ends of the metering roller 3; correspondingly, the blocking mechanism 6 and the metering mechanism 7 are installed on both sides of the frame 1.

[0053] Preferably, such as Figure 3 As shown, the blocking mechanism 6 includes a fixed seat 61 connected to the frame 1, a floating seat 62 placed above the fixed seat 61, and a first blocking block 63 that slides relative to the floating seat 62.

[0054] The fixed base 61 is equipped with a plurality of guide rods 64 for guiding the floating base 62, and a first rectangular spring 65 is threaded on the guide rod 64; the two ends of the first rectangular spring 65 abut against the fixed base 61 and the floating base 62 respectively.

[0055] The first blocking block 63 is capable of sliding horizontally relative to the floating seat 62, and the sliding motion is driven by a first driving element 66 mounted on the floating seat 62. The first driving element 66 may be a cylinder or an electric push rod;

[0056] The first driving element 66 drives the first blocking block 63 to move, enabling the first blocking block 63 to extend or retract, switching between blocking and avoidance states.

[0057] Preferably, the first blocking block 63 has an arc-shaped groove.

[0058] The structural design of the blocking mechanism 6 not only enables the first blocking block 63 to extend and retract to block the first stop pin 4 and release the first stop pin 4, but also enables the first rectangular spring 65 to buffer the impact during the blocking of the first stop pin 4, effectively avoiding damage caused by the impact.

[0059] Preferably, such as Figure 3 As shown, the measuring mechanism 7 includes a slide rail 71 fixed on the frame 1 and installed vertically. A first slider and a second slider arranged in an upper and lower configuration are slidably installed on the slide rail 71. A first seat 72 and a second seat 73 are respectively fixed on the first slider and the second slider. A tension sensor 74 is connected between the first seat 72 and the second seat 73.

[0060] A second stop 75 is installed on the second seat 73, and a second driving element 76 is also installed to drive the second stop 75 to slide laterally relative to the second seat 73.

[0061] A fixing block 77 is fixed on the frame 1, located below the first seat 72, and a second rectangular spring 78 is provided between the fixing block 77 and the first seat 72.

[0062] The structural design of the measuring mechanism 7 not only allows the second stop 75 to extend and retract to block and release the second stop pin 5, but also enables the second rectangular spring 78 to provide cushioning during the blocking of the second stop pin 5, effectively preventing damage caused by impact. Furthermore, the measuring mechanism 7 uses tension data collected by the tension sensor 74, which is related to the grain weight, to easily calculate the grain weight based on the tension data.

[0063] Preferably, the upper side of the second stop 75 has a recessed groove.

[0064] Based on the above-mentioned intelligent harvest quantity detection method for an intelligent harvest quantity detection mechanism for a harvester, the method includes a volume measurement process and a weight calibration process.

[0065] The volume measurement process includes the following steps S201-S203:

[0066] Step S201: After the metering chamber 31 receiving grain reaches a preset time, the blocking mechanism 6 is first switched to the avoidance state to release the first blocking pin 4, and then the blocking mechanism 6 is restored to the blocking state.

[0067] Step S202: Count the number of releases to the metering chamber 31 to obtain the metering count;

[0068] Step S203: Calculate the product of the number of measurements and the volume of the metering chamber 31 to obtain the total harvest volume;

[0069] The weight calibration process includes the following steps S301-S303:

[0070] Step S301: Control the measuring mechanism 7 to the working state, that is, extend the second stop 75;

[0071] Step S302: After the metering cavity 31 receiving grain reaches a preset time, the blocking mechanism 6 is first switched to the avoidance state to release the first blocking pin 4, and then the blocking mechanism 6 is restored to the blocking state.

[0072] In step S303, after the tension data collected by the tension sensor 74 in the measuring mechanism 7 reaches a stable state, the weight of the grain in a single measuring chamber 31 is calculated based on the tension data and recorded as the unit weight. The relationship between the tension data and the grain weight can be calibrated in advance.

[0073] The total harvested weight is the product of the unit weight and the measured quantity. The above weight calibration procedure is performed while the harvester is stopped to prevent the weight of the equipment from affecting the measurement results.

[0074] The intelligent harvest detection method of this invention can realize online measurement of yield, perform harvest measurement and statistics for different plots as needed, and perform timely weight calibration to meet diverse measurement requirements.

[0075] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. Harvesting capacity intelligent detection mechanism for harvesting machine, comprising a frame (1) on which a grain hopper (2) and a cylindrical metering drum (3) are arranged in up-down layout, the metering drum (3) is rotatably arranged on the frame (1), and the metering drum (3) has a plurality of metering cavities (31) arranged in a circumferential array around the rotation axis of the metering drum (3), each of the metering cavities (31) has a grain inlet (32); characterized in that: the rotation axis of the metering drum (3) is arranged in a transverse layout, the number of the metering cavities (31) is three, and the grain inlets (32) are arranged on the outer circumferential surface of the metering drum (3); the frame (1) is fixed with an arc-shaped plate (8) arranged against the outer wall of the metering drum (3); the end of the metering drum (3) is provided with a first blocking pin (4) and a second blocking pin (5) corresponding to each of the metering cavities (31); the first blocking pin (4) and the second blocking pin (5) corresponding to the same metering cavity (31) are arranged in a circumferential staggered layout; the frame (1) is provided with a blocking mechanism (6) capable of acting on the first blocking pin (4) and a metering mechanism (7) capable of acting on the second blocking pin (5); the blocking mechanism (6) and the metering mechanism (7) are connected to a controller.

2. The yield intelligence detection mechanism for a harvesting machine of claim 1, wherein, corresponding to each of the metering cavities (31), the first blocking pin (4) and the second blocking pin (5) are fixed on both ends of the metering drum (3); the blocking mechanism (6) and the metering mechanism (7) are arranged on both sides of the frame (1).

3. The yield intelligence detection mechanism for a harvesting machine of claim 1, wherein, the blocking mechanism (6) comprises a fixed seat (61) connected to the frame (1), further comprises a floating seat (62) arranged above the fixed seat (61), and a first blocking block (63) sliding relative to the floating seat (62); a plurality of guide rods (64) guiding the floating seat (62) are arranged on the fixed seat (61), and a first rectangular spring (65) is sleeved on the guide rod (64); the two ends of the first rectangular spring (65) abut against the fixed seat (61) and the floating seat (62), respectively; the first blocking block (63) can slide horizontally relative to the floating seat (62), and the sliding movement is driven by a first driving element (66) arranged on the floating seat (62).

4. The yield intelligence detection mechanism for a harvesting machine of claim 3, wherein, the first blocking block (63) has a circular-arc-shaped recess.

5. The yield intelligence detection mechanism for a harvesting machine of claim 1, wherein, the metering mechanism (7) comprises a slide rail (71) fixed on the frame (1) and arranged vertically, a first slide block and a second slide block arranged in up-down layout are slidingly arranged on the slide rail (71), a first seat body (72) and a second seat body (73) are fixed on the first slide block and the second slide block, respectively, and a tension sensor (74) is connected between the first seat body (72) and the second seat body (73); a second blocking block (75) is arranged on the second seat body (73), and a second driving element (76) driving the second blocking block (75) to slide transversely relative to the second seat body (73) is arranged on the second seat body (73); A fixed stop (77) is fixed on the frame (1) and located below the first seat (72). A second rectangular spring (78) is provided between the fixed stop (77) and the first seat (72).

6. The yield intelligence detection mechanism for a harvester of claim 5, wherein, The upper side of the second stop (75) has a recessed groove.

7. The yield intelligent detection method for the yield intelligent detection mechanism for a harvester according to claim 1, characterized by, The method includes a volume measurement process and a weight calibration process; The volume measurement process includes: After the metering chamber (31) receiving grain reaches the preset time, the blocking mechanism (6) is first switched to the avoidance state to release the first stop pin (4), and then the blocking mechanism (6) is restored to the blocking state. The number of releases to the metering chamber (31) is counted to obtain the metering count; The total harvest volume is obtained by multiplying the number of measurements by the volume of the metering chamber (31); The weight calibration process includes: Control the metering mechanism (7) to the working state; After the metering chamber (31) receiving grain reaches the preset time, the blocking mechanism (6) is first switched to the avoidance state to release the first stop pin (4), and then the blocking mechanism (6) is restored to the blocking state. After the tension data collected by the tension sensor (74) in the metering mechanism (7) reaches a stable state, the weight of the grain in a single metering chamber (31) is calculated based on the tension data and recorded as the unit weight.

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