Inoculation material injection device of mushroom stick inoculation machine

Abstract

The invention provides an inoculation injection device of a mushroom stick inoculation machine, and belongs to the technical field of agricultural equipment. The mushroom stick solves the problem that an existing mushroom stick is prone to breakage in the inoculation process. The mushroom stick inoculation device comprises a machine frame, a burdening assembly which is arranged on the machine frame and used for mixing mushroom soil, and a punching assembly, a trepanning assembly, an inoculation assembly and a shape pressing assembly which allow mushroom sticks to pass through in sequence, and the punching assembly punches inoculation holes used for containing and punching the mushroom soil in the upper surfaces of the mushroom sticks; the trepanning assembly is used for performing trepanning on an inoculation hole of a mushroom stick to form an annular outer protruding part with the inoculation hole as the center, the inoculation assembly is used for driving the mushroom soil prepared by the material preparation assembly into the inoculation hole, and the shape pressing assembly is used for flattening the protruding part so that the protruding part can be partially filled into the inoculation hole.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of agricultural equipment technology and relates to an inoculation and feeding device for a shiitake mushroom spawn inoculation machine. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of shiitake mushroom cultivation, shiitake mushroom spawn inoculation is the core process for shiitake mushroom cultivation. Currently, many shiitake mushroom spawn inoculation machines with highly automated operation capabilities have emerged on the market. The application of automated inoculation equipment has greatly improved the efficiency of shiitake mushroom spawn inoculation.

[0003] In shiitake mushroom spawn inoculation, the depth of the inoculation hole must be adapted to the size of the spawn log. The spawn should be completely buried in the culture medium, flush with or slightly concave with the surface of the medium. This ensures rapid mycelial absorption while mitigating the risks of contamination and dehydration of the spawn. This inoculation hole depth is a key factor affecting the success rate of shiitake mushroom mycelial growth and the quality of the fruiting fruit. If the inoculation hole is too deep, the spawn will be in an anaerobic environment, slowing down mycelial growth, prolonging the growth cycle, and creating a high-humidity anaerobic environment due to poor ventilation, significantly increasing the risk of contamination. If the inoculation hole is too shallow, the spawn will lose water too quickly, easily leading to mycelial drying and death, severely affecting the inoculation effect. For conventional shiitake mushroom spawn logs with a diameter of 12–15 cm, an inoculation hole depth of 3–5 cm is generally considered optimal in the industry.

[0004] However, shiitake mushroom spawn is made from compressed organic culture medium, resulting in poor impact and crack resistance. During automated inoculation processes, the spawn is highly susceptible to damage, cracking, and even breakage. Extensive testing by the inventors revealed that when automating inoculation of 15cm diameter shiitake mushroom spawn, the probability of cracking or breakage was approximately 0.4% with a drilling depth of 3cm; approximately 1.3% with a drilling depth of 4cm; and a staggering 6.5% with a drilling depth of 5cm. This demonstrates that the deeper the drilling depth, the less structural strength of the spawn can withstand the forces exerted during drilling, significantly increasing the risk of breakage. This risk is particularly pronounced when the drilling depth reaches approximately 7.5cm, close to the center of the spawn.

[0005] In summary, existing automated shiitake mushroom spawn inoculation machines, even when drilling at the optimal inoculation depth, still cannot solve the technical challenge of increased spawn breakage rates due to increased drilling depth. Spawn breakage not only wastes raw materials and necessitates rework, but also leads to a chain reaction of problems such as contamination by other microorganisms and inoculation failure, severely restricting the quality and production efficiency of automated shiitake mushroom spawn inoculation. Therefore, developing and improving the operating principle of shiitake mushroom spawn inoculation equipment to effectively reduce spawn damage during the inoculation process while ensuring the optimal inoculation depth has significant industrial application value and promising prospects for widespread adoption. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to address the problem of breakage that easily occurs during the inoculation process of existing shiitake mushroom spawn, and to propose an inoculation and feeding device for a shiitake mushroom spawn inoculation machine.

[0007] The objective of this invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions: An inoculation and feeding device for a shiitake mushroom spawn inoculation machine includes a frame and a mixing component for mixing shiitake mushroom substrate, which is mounted on the frame. The spawn also includes a punching component, a sleeve component, an inoculation component, and a shaping component through which the spawn passes in sequence. The punching component punches inoculation holes on the upper surface of the spawn to accommodate the shiitake mushroom substrate. The sleeve component is used to press and form an annular protrusion centered on the inoculation hole. The inoculation component is used to inject the shiitake mushroom substrate prepared by the mixing component into the inoculation hole. The shaping component is used to flatten the protrusion so that it partially fills the inoculation hole.

[0008] In the above-mentioned inoculation and feeding device of a shiitake mushroom spawn inoculation machine, the punching component includes a punching lifting drive fixedly mounted on the frame. The output end of the punching lifting drive is connected to a punching plate, and the punching plate is provided with multiple punching rods. The punching rods face downwards to punch the spawn into inoculation holes.

[0009] In the above-mentioned inoculation and feeding device of a shiitake mushroom spawn inoculation machine, the sleeve assembly includes a sleeve lifting drive fixedly mounted on the frame. The output end of the punching lifting drive is connected to a sleeve plate. The sleeve plate has sleeve through holes with the same number and spacing as the punching rod. The diameter of the sleeve through holes is larger than that of the punching rod. The sleeve through holes face downwards and press the spawn into an annular outer protrusion.

[0010] In the above-mentioned inoculation and feeding device of a shiitake mushroom spawn inoculation machine, the inoculation component includes an inoculation lifting drive fixedly mounted on the frame. The output end of the inoculation lifting drive is connected to an inoculation plate. The inoculation plate is provided with a plurality of inoculation rods, the number and spacing of which are consistent with the through holes. The inoculation rods are injected into the inoculation holes of the spawn through the feeding component by the feeding component.

[0011] In the inoculation and feeding device of the above-mentioned shiitake mushroom stick inoculation machine, the pressing component includes a pressing and lifting drive fixedly installed on the machine frame. The output end of the pressing and lifting drive is connected to a pressing plate. The pressing plate is provided with a plurality of pressing rods, the number and spacing of which are the same as those of the inoculation sticks. The diameter of the pressing rods is larger than that of the through hole. The pressing rods face downwards to flatten the upper surface of the mushroom sticks and at the same time to press the annular outer protrusion to collapse so that it partially fills the inoculation hole.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following technical effects: (1) Effectively overcome the core technical contradiction between the drilling depth and breakage of mushroom sticks, and significantly reduce the damage rate of mushroom sticks; (2) Accurately match the optimal depth requirements for shiitake mushroom inoculation to ensure the quality of shiitake mushroom mycelium growth and fruiting; (3) Innovative process design for perforation and pressing to achieve precise control of inoculation depth and high operational accuracy; (4) Make full use of the substrate of the mushroom stick itself to complete the depth filling, without the need to add extra materials, thus reducing the cost of inoculation; (5) To achieve full-process automation and collaboration in the inoculation operation and improve the efficiency of shiitake mushroom spawn inoculation; (6) The device has a simple structural design, strong operational stability, and is easy to promote and apply. Attached Figure Description

[0013] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the inoculation and injection device when used in a shiitake mushroom spawn inoculation machine; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the first structure of the inoculation and injection device after the frame is hidden; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the second structure of the inoculation and injection device after the frame is hidden; Figure 4 This is a structural diagram of the ingredient preparation components; Figure 5 This is a structural diagram showing the mixing components hidden behind the mixing tank; Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the side cross-section structure of the mushroom stick after the inoculation hole is punched and the annular outer protrusion is pressed out. In the diagram, 1. Drilling assembly; 2. Sleeving assembly; 3. Inoculation assembly; 4. Forming assembly; 5. Feeding assembly; 6. Drilling lifting drive; 7. Drilling plate; 8. Drilling rod; 9. Sleeving lifting drive; 10. Sleeving plate; 11. Through hole; 12. Inoculation lifting drive; 13. Inoculation plate; 14. Inoculation rod; 15. Forming lifting drive; 16. Forming plate; 17. Forming rod; 18. Support plate; 19. Feeding box; 20. Feeding drive cylinder; 21. Unloading plate; 22. Unloading rod; 23. Arc-shaped notch; 24. Mixing rod; 25. Feeding rod; 101. Inoculation hole; 102. Annular outer protrusion. Detailed Implementation

[0014] The following are specific embodiments of the present invention, which are described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings to further illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention. However, the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.

[0015] like Figures 1-3 As shown, the inoculation and feeding device of this shiitake mushroom spawn inoculation machine includes a frame, a mixing component 5 for mixing shiitake mushroom substrate on the frame, and a punching component 1, a sleeve component 2, an inoculation component 3, and a shaping component 4 through which the spawn passes in sequence. The punching component 1 punches inoculation holes 101 on the upper surface of the spawn to accommodate the shiitake mushroom substrate. The sleeve component 2 is used to form an annular outer protrusion 102 centered on the inoculation hole 101 on the spawn. The inoculation component 3 is used to inject the shiitake mushroom substrate prepared by the mixing component 5 into the inoculation hole 101. The shaping component 4 is used to flatten the protrusion so that it partially fills the inoculation hole 101.

[0016] like Figure 6 As shown, the technical solution of the present invention cleverly employs a specialized inoculation process: for example, the goal is to inoculate a 5cm depth of fungal soil onto a 15cm substrate. Since there is a breakage risk of up to 6.5% at 5cm, a 4cm inoculation hole 101 can be pre-drilled on the substrate using the drilling component 1 to reduce the breakage risk to 1.3%. Then, the hole assembly 2 presses out annular protrusions 102 around the inoculation hole 101, forming a "convex-concave" shape with an inoculation hole 101 in the middle and annular protrusions 102 around it. Then, fungal soil is directly added, and pressing will cause the surrounding annular protrusions 102 to collapse outwards. During the collapse of the annular protrusions 102, a small amount of the inoculation hole 101 in the middle will be filled. If the filling depth is controlled to be 1cm, then drilling a 4cm hole downwards and filling 1cm upwards, with the filling material itself being the substrate itself, can be considered as inoculating fungal soil to a depth of 5cm.

[0017] The punching assembly 1 includes a punching lifting drive 6 fixedly mounted on the frame. The output end of the punching lifting drive 6 is connected to a punching plate 7. The punching plate 7 is provided with multiple punching rods 8. The punching rods 8 face downwards to punch the inoculation holes 101 out of the mycelium.

[0018] During operation, the drilling lifting drive 6 drives the drilling plate 7 to move downwards. The drilling plate 7, along with the drilling rod 8, moves downwards until it contacts the bottom of the mycelium stick, and then punches the mycelium stick out of the inoculation hole 101.

[0019] The punching assembly 2 includes a punching lifting drive 9 fixedly mounted on the frame. The output end of the punching lifting drive 6 is connected to a punching plate 10. The punching plate 10 has punching holes 11 with the same number and spacing as the punching rod 8. The diameter of the punching holes 11 is larger than that of the punching rod 8. The punching holes 11 face downwards and press the mushroom stick to form an annular outer protrusion 102.

[0020] During operation, the sleeve hole lifting drive 9 drives the sleeve hole plate 10 to move downward. After the sleeve hole plate 10 moves to contact the mushroom stick, it continues to move downward a certain distance. Under the action of the sleeve through hole 11, the mushroom stick forms a raised part. However, since the mushroom stick has already been pre-drilled with inoculation holes 101, which are recessed parts, the inner concave and outer convex parts form an annular outer convex part 102.

[0021] The inoculation assembly 3 includes an inoculation lifting drive 12 fixedly mounted on the frame. The output end of the inoculation lifting drive 12 is connected to an inoculation plate 13. The inoculation plate 13 is provided with a plurality of inoculation rods 14, the number and spacing of which are consistent with the through holes 11. The inoculation rods 14 are injected into the inoculation holes 101 of the inoculation rods by the inoculation assembly 5 through the inoculation assembly 5.

[0022] During operation, the inoculation lifting drive 12 drives the inoculation plate 13 to move downward. The inoculation plate 13, along with the inoculation rod 14, moves downward and first passes through the feeding component 5 to carry down the prepared fungal soil material. Then, the inoculation rod 14 continues to move downward, and the fungal soil at its lower end is injected into the inoculation hole 101 of the fungal rod.

[0023] The forming assembly 4 includes a forming lifting drive 15 fixedly mounted on the frame. The output end of the forming lifting drive 15 is connected to a forming plate 16. The forming plate 16 is provided with a plurality of forming rods 17, the number and spacing of which are the same as those of the inoculation rods 14. The diameter of the forming rods 17 is larger than that of the through hole 11. The forming rods 17 face downwards to flatten the upper surface of the mycelium stick and simultaneously press the annular outer protrusion 102 to collapse so that it partially fills the inoculation hole 101.

[0024] During operation, the pressing and lifting drive 15 drives the pressing plate 16 to move down, and the pressing plate 16 moves down with the pressing rod 17 until it contacts the annular outer protrusion 102, and then continues to move down until the annular outer protrusion 102 collapses, until the upper surface of the mushroom stick is almost flattened.

[0025] like Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the batching assembly 5 includes a support plate 18 fixedly mounted on the frame, a batching box 19, multiple temporary storage boxes, and a batching drive cylinder 20. The batching box 19 is mounted on the support plate 18. The top of the batching box 19 has a feeding port, and the bottom of the batching box 19 has multiple feeding ports with the same number and spacing as the inoculation rod 14. The material falling out of the feeding ports will be pre-retained on the support plate 18. The output end of the batching drive cylinder 20 is connected to a discharge plate 21. Multiple discharge rods 22 with the same number and spacing as the feeding ports are fixedly connected to the discharge plate 21. The end of the discharge rods 22 has an arc-shaped notch 23. The number and spacing of the temporary storage boxes are the same as the feeding ports. The temporary storage boxes are vertically aligned with the inoculation rod 14. The bottom of the temporary storage box has a sealing component. When the sealing component is closed, it blocks the bottom of the temporary storage box. The discharge rods 22 can push the material falling from the feeding port onto the support plate 18 into the temporary storage box.

[0026] During operation, the ejector bar 22 pushes a single portion of material into the temporary storage box and stores it until the inoculation rod 14 moves down and the sealing part opens. Then, the inoculation rod 14 pushes the material out until it is inoculated into the inoculation hole 101.

[0027] The mixing box 19 is also equipped with a mixing rod 24, which has multiple feeding rods 25 distributed in a tree shape. The mixing rod 24 is rotated by an external mixing drive motor.

[0028] After the fungal soil material is put into the mixing box 19, in order to improve the flowability and uniformity of the material, the mixing rod 24 rotates to drive the dispensing rod 25 to dispensing the material.

[0029] In summary, the present invention has the following technical advantages: (1) Effectively overcomes the core technical contradiction between the drilling depth and breakage of mushroom sticks, significantly reducing the damage rate of mushroom sticks: This invention abandons the single operation method of directly drilling to the target inoculation depth in existing technologies. Instead, it adopts an innovative operation process of pre-drilling + protruding holes + pressing and filling. While meeting the target inoculation depth requirements of the mushroom sticks, it avoids the high risk of damage caused by direct drilling of deep holes. For the operation requirement of achieving an inoculation depth of 5cm for a 15cm diameter mushroom stick, only a 4cm shallow hole needs to be drilled using the drilling component, which significantly reduces the probability of mushroom stick cracking and breakage from 6.5% to 1.3%. Then, relying on the cooperation of the protruding hole component and the pressing component, the inoculation hole is filled to a depth of 1cm using the substrate of the mushroom stick itself, ultimately achieving an equivalent target inoculation depth of 5cm. The entire process eliminates the need for ultra-deep drilling of the mushroom sticks, fundamentally solving the industry technical problem that the deeper the inoculation depth, the greater the structural pressure on the mushroom stick and the higher the breakage rate. This effectively ensures the structural integrity of the mushroom sticks and reduces the waste of mushroom stick raw materials and the rate of rework. (2) Accurately match the optimal inoculation depth requirements for shiitake mushrooms to ensure the quality of mycelium growth and fruiting: This invention, through optimized process design, achieves an inoculation depth that precisely matches the optimal inoculation depth standard of 3-5cm for shiitake mushroom logs. The spawn is buried at a depth that meets the core planting requirements of being completely buried in the substrate and flush with the substrate surface, with a slight concavity. Furthermore, the material used to fill and supplement the inoculation hole depth is the substrate itself, which is consistent with the substrate material and has good compatibility, preventing the introduction of foreign impurities. This ensures the growth conditions for the mycelium to quickly consume the substrate, effectively avoiding the problems of spawn dehydration and mycelium drying and death caused by shallow inoculation. At the same time, it eliminates the risks of anaerobic mycelium growth and contamination caused by excessively deep inoculation. This can steadily improve the success rate of shiitake mushroom mycelium growth, ensure the uniformity and high quality of subsequent fruiting of shiitake mushrooms, and improve the product quality and commercial value of shiitake mushroom cultivation. (3) The innovative process design of hole punching and pressing enables precise control of the inoculation depth and high operational accuracy: This invention forms an annular protrusion on the outer periphery of the inoculation hole using a perforation assembly, and then flattens and fills the annular protrusion using a pressing assembly. This allows for precise control of the filling depth of the annular protrusion into the inoculation hole, achieving fine control over the final inoculation depth. During the operation, the matching parameters of the pre-drilling depth and the pressing and filling depth can be flexibly adjusted according to the target inoculation depth requirements of different sized mushroom sticks, adapting to the inoculation needs of mushroom sticks with different diameters, such as 12-15cm. It has strong adaptability and adjustability, solving the technical defects of existing inoculation equipment that have fixed drilling depths and cannot flexibly adapt to different inoculation depth requirements. (4) Fully utilize the substrate of the substrate itself to complete the inoculation, without the need for additional materials, thus reducing the cost of inoculation: In the process of filling the target depth of the inoculation hole, the filling material used in this invention is the ring-shaped outer protrusion matrix formed by the mushroom stick itself after the hole-making operation. There is no need to add additional culture medium, mushroom soil or other materials. On the one hand, it simplifies the material preparation process of the inoculation operation and reduces the input cost and preparation process of external materials. On the other hand, the substrate of the mushroom stick itself has better integration with the mushroom soil in the inoculation hole, which can further improve the binding degree between the mycelium and the substrate of the mushroom stick, help the mycelium to quickly consume the material, and avoid the risk of introducing contaminants from external materials. It takes into account both the control of operating costs and the safety of the inoculation operation. (5) Achieve full-process automation and collaboration in inoculation operations to improve the efficiency of shiitake mushroom spawn inoculation: This invention integrates the processes of ingredient preparation, punching, hole punching, inoculation, and shaping onto the same frame. The components are smoothly connected and operate continuously, enabling automated operation of shiitake mushroom logs from soil preparation and inoculation hole shaping to soil injection and inoculation depth setting. Compared with the existing segmented and manually assisted inoculation methods, this invention significantly reduces manual intervention and improves the inoculation efficiency of a single log. It can meet the needs of large-scale and industrialized shiitake mushroom log cultivation and production, effectively improving the automation level and production efficiency of the shiitake mushroom cultivation industry. (6) The device has a simple structural design, strong operational stability, and is easy to promote and apply: The inoculation and feeding device of the present invention integrates all components on the frame, with a compact overall structure and reasonable layout. The working actions of each component are well coordinated, without complex transmission and control structures, resulting in high equipment stability and low failure rate. At the same time, the device's operating process can be directly adapted to the upgrading and transformation of existing automated shiitake mushroom spawn production lines without the need for large-scale adjustments to existing production lines. The equipment has low modification costs, is easy to operate, and is easy to promote and apply in the shiitake mushroom cultivation industry, possessing significant industrial application value.

[0030] It should be understood that in the claims and description of this invention, all instances of "comprising..." should be understood as having an open meaning, that is, their meaning is equivalent to "containing at least...", and should not be understood as having a closed meaning, that is, their meaning should not be understood as "containing only...".

[0031] The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the spirit of the invention. Those skilled in the art to which this invention pertains may make various modifications or additions to the described specific embodiments or use similar methods to substitute them, without departing from the spirit of the invention or exceeding the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. An inoculation and feeding device for a shiitake mushroom spawn inoculation machine, characterized in that: The device includes a frame, a mixing component mounted on the frame for mixing shiitake mushroom substrate, and a punching component, a sleeving component, an inoculation component, and a shaping component through which the mushroom logs pass in sequence. The punching component punches inoculation holes on the upper surface of the mushroom logs to accommodate the shiitake mushroom substrate. The sleeving component is used to press and form an annular protrusion centered on the inoculation hole in the inoculation hole of the mushroom log. The inoculation component is used to inject the shiitake mushroom substrate prepared by the mixing component into the inoculation hole. The shaping component is used to flatten the protrusion so that it partially fills the inoculation hole.

2. The inoculation and feeding device of the shiitake mushroom spawn inoculation machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The perforation assembly includes a perforation lifting drive fixedly mounted on the frame. The output end of the perforation lifting drive is connected to a perforation plate. The perforation plate is provided with multiple perforation rods, which are used to punch inoculation holes in the mycelium sticks with the perforation rods facing downwards.

3. The inoculation and feeding device of a shiitake mushroom spawn inoculation machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: The aforementioned punching assembly includes a punching lifting drive fixedly mounted on the frame. The output end of the punching lifting drive is connected to a punching plate. The punching plate has punching holes of the same number and spacing as the punching rod. The diameter of the punching holes is larger than that of the punching rod. The punching holes face downwards and press the mushroom stick to form an annular outer protrusion.

4. The inoculation and feeding device of a shiitake mushroom spawn inoculation machine according to claim 3, characterized in that: The inoculation assembly includes an inoculation lifting drive fixedly mounted on the frame. The output end of the inoculation lifting drive is connected to an inoculation plate. The inoculation plate is provided with multiple inoculation rods, the number and spacing of which are consistent with the through holes. The inoculation rods are injected into the inoculation holes of the inoculation rods by the inoculation component through the inoculation component.

5. The inoculation and feeding device of a shiitake mushroom spawn inoculation machine according to claim 4, characterized in that: The forming assembly includes a forming lifting drive fixedly mounted on the frame. The output end of the forming lifting drive is connected to a forming plate. The forming plate is provided with multiple forming rods of the same number and spacing as the inoculation rods. The diameter of the forming rods is larger than that of the through hole. The forming rods face downwards to flatten the upper surface of the mycelium stick and simultaneously press the annular outer protrusion into the inoculation hole.

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