Seed screening and impurity removing device for corn cultivation

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of corn seed screening, and discloses a seed screening and impurity removing device for corn cultivation, the seed screening and impurity removing device comprises a screening box, an inclined pipe is fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the screening box, and a plurality of first negative pressure pipes and second negative pressure pipes extending into the inclined pipe are fixedly connected to the top and the bottom of the inclined pipe correspondingly; the outer ends of the first negative pressure pipe and the second negative pressure pipe extend out of the screening box, the outer ends of the first negative pressure pipe and the second negative pressure pipe are communicated with an air duct arranged outside the screening box, and one end of the air duct is fixedly connected with a fan; the inner side wall of the screening box is rotationally connected with a reciprocating driving rotary disc, and the edge of the reciprocating driving rotary disc is rotationally connected with a telescopic rod. The device has the following advantages and effects that impurities attached to corn seeds and large-size impurities can be effectively removed in a mode of combining up-down dual negative pressure adsorption with stepped vibration screening, and the purity of the seeds is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of maize seed screening technology, and in particular to a seed screening and impurity removal device for maize cultivation. Background Technology

[0002] In the corn cultivation process, corn seed screening and impurity removal is a key step to ensure seed purity, improve field uniformity, and ultimately increase yield. Its quality directly affects subsequent planting results and final yield. Its core purpose is to remove impurities mixed in during corn collection. Impurities include inferior seeds, soil, sand, straw and broken leaves, ear residue, and weed seeds. If impurities are not removed in time, they will mix with qualified seeds, reduce the overall quality of the seeds, and affect subsequent planting results and yield.

[0003] In the screening and impurity removal process of corn cultivation, traditional methods mainly employ gravity separation, a highly efficient method that separates impurities based on the density difference between corn and impurities. During separation, impurities with a density less than corn and a suitable volume can fall naturally and separate smoothly from the corn simply due to gravity and the regular vibration of the screen. However, there are two types of impurities that are difficult to separate effectively by gravity and vibration alone. First, there are impurities attached to the surface of corn kernels, such as fine sand and insect eggs. These impurities have strong adhesion to the corn kernel surface, making them difficult to detach from the kernels under gravity and vibration. Second, there are larger impurities (larger than the aperture of the vibrating screen). These impurities are also difficult to separate from the corn due to their size limitations. Therefore, a seed screening and impurity removal device for corn cultivation is proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a seed screening and impurity removal device for corn cultivation, which utilizes a combination of upper and lower double negative pressure adsorption and stepped vibration screening to effectively remove impurities attached to corn seeds and larger impurities.

[0005] The above-mentioned technical objective of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solution: a seed screening and impurity removal device for corn cultivation, comprising a screening box, an inclined tube fixedly connected to the inner wall of the screening box, a plurality of first negative pressure pipes and second negative pressure pipes extending into the inclined tubes respectively fixedly connected to the top and bottom of the inclined tubes, the outer ends of the first negative pressure pipes and second negative pressure pipes extending out of the screening box, the outer ends of the first negative pressure pipes and second negative pressure pipes communicating with an air duct disposed outside the screening box, a fan fixedly connected to one end of the air duct; a reciprocating drive turntable rotatably connected to the inner wall of the screening box, a telescopic rod rotatably connected to the edge of the reciprocating drive turntable, a U-shaped plate for feeding fixedly connected to the end of the telescopic rod; a stepped plate with multiple through holes at the bottom inserted inside the inclined tube, the bottom end of the stepped plate rotatably connected to the inner wall of the screening box, and the top end of the stepped plate connected to the U-shaped plate. By adopting the above technical solution, the reciprocating drive turntable reciprocates under power drive, driving the telescopic rod to move. The extension, contraction, and rotation of the telescopic rod cause the U-shaped plate to oscillate back and forth. The U-shaped plate pushes the seeds onto the stepped plate. Since the stepped plate is composed of multiple inclined stepped surfaces, when the seeds flow on the stepped plate, they undergo a tumbling, jumping, and collision process with the stepped surface after each step. During this process, impurities in the seeds will separate from the seeds to varying degrees due to their own weight, shape, and density. Small particles of impurities with a particle size smaller than the diameter of the through-hole will fall through the through-hole, achieving preliminary separation of impurities and laying the foundation for further screening and impurity removal. The foundation is laid, and when the fan is started, airflow is formed in the duct, which in turn creates negative pressure inside the first and second negative pressure pipes. As the corn seeds flow through the stepped plate and pass near the first and second negative pressure pipes, impurities in the seeds (such as dust, broken leaves, and small particles) are adsorbed into the first and second negative pressure pipes under the action of negative pressure, and then extracted from the screening box, thus achieving further separation of impurities from seeds. Finally, the seeds are discharged from the outlet end of the stepped plate, completing the screening and impurity removal of the seeds. In summary, by using the upper and lower double negative pressure adsorption combined with stepped vibration screening, impurities attached to corn seeds and larger impurities can be effectively removed, improving the purity of the seeds.

[0006] A further feature of the present invention is that an inclined plate is fixedly connected to the inner bottom wall of the air duct, the inclined plate is located at the air outlet of the first negative pressure pipe and the second negative pressure pipe, and the angle between the inclined plate and the air direction is 30° to 60°.

[0007] By adopting the above technical solution, the inclined plate blocks the connection between the first negative pressure tube and the second negative pressure tube and the inclined tube. On the one hand, it allows the airflow to flow more smoothly in the inclined tube, enhancing the negative pressure adsorption effect and improving the impurity removal efficiency. On the other hand, it also serves to guide the impurities. In addition, the tilt angle of the inclined plate is not fixed, but is set in the range of 30° to 60°. This design fully considers the diversity and complexity of practical applications. Different seed types, impurity contents, and screening environments will all have different requirements for airflow guidance. By adjusting the tilt angle of the inclined plate 7, the operator can flexibly optimize the airflow guidance according to actual needs.

[0008] A further feature of the present invention is that the angle between the inclined tube and the horizontal plane is 120° to 130°, the diameter of the first negative pressure tube and the second negative pressure tube is 5cm to 15cm, and the distance between adjacent first negative pressure tubes and second negative pressure tubes is 20mm to 50mm. By adopting the above technical solution, a suitable tilting tube angle facilitates seed descent. The tilting tube plays a crucial role in guiding the orderly descent of seeds throughout the entire screening and impurity removal process. The appropriateness of its angle directly determines the smoothness of seed descent and the continuity of the screening process. When the tilting tube angle is set just right, the seeds, under their own gravity, can slide smoothly and quickly along the inner wall of the tilting tube. This angle range fully considers various factors such as seed shape, size, and surface friction. The reasonable diameter and spacing of the first and second negative pressure tubes ensure the uniformity and effectiveness of negative pressure adsorption, ensuring that impurities are fully adsorbed. Determining the reasonable diameter and spacing of the first and second negative pressure tubes allows the negative pressure adsorption system to perform optimally during seed screening and impurity removal. During seed flow, the negative pressure tubes can uniformly generate negative pressure across the entire width range, fully adsorbing impurities such as dust, broken leaves, and small particles from the seeds, ensuring that each seed receives effective impurity removal, thereby greatly improving seed purity and providing high-quality seeds for subsequent planting.

[0009] A further feature of the present invention is that the diameter of the through holes on the stepped plate increases sequentially from top to bottom.

[0010] By adopting the above technical solution, during the rolling of the seeds on the stepped plate, impurities of different sizes fall through corresponding through holes according to their own size. When the mixture passes through these small through holes, the tiny impurities are separated from the seeds by their own gravity and the slight vibration and friction generated by the seed flow, thus achieving initial separation from the seeds. As the screening process progresses, slightly larger impurities, such as broken seed coat fragments and small stones, come to the slightly larger through holes. Due to their size limitations, these impurities cannot pass through the previous small through holes, but when they encounter through holes that match their particle size, they can pass through smoothly and fall. This graded screening method, based on the particle size of the impurities, filters them out one by one, avoiding the problem of impurities of different particle sizes being mixed together and difficult to separate. Graded screening can more accurately separate impurities of different particle sizes, improve screening accuracy, and make the seeds purer.

[0011] A further feature of the present invention is that the vibration frequency of the stepped plate is 10-25Hz, the inclination angle of each step surface of the stepped plate is 10°-20°, two adjacent stepped surfaces form a group, the through hole diameter of the upper stepped surface in a group is 2-3mm, and the through hole diameter of the lower stepped surface in a group is 4-6mm. By adopting the above technical solution, the stepped plate optimizes the seed screening process from multiple aspects through appropriate vibration frequency, reasonable step surface inclination angle, and different through hole diameters in different layers. It not only allows seeds to roll fully on the stepped plate, improving screening efficiency, but also guides seeds to slide smoothly, ensuring the continuity of screening, while achieving graded screening and improving seed quality.

[0012] A further feature of the present invention is that the number of stepped surfaces of the stepped plate is 6 to 10, the height difference between adjacent stepped surfaces is 20 mm to 40 mm, the shape of the through hole is circular, the diameter of the through hole is 2 mm to 8 mm, the through holes are distributed in a honeycomb pattern on the stepped surface of the stepped plate, and the spacing between adjacent through holes is 5 mm to 10 mm.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, the appropriate number of steps can significantly extend the seed screening journey. Seeds undergo repeated tumbling and collisions on multiple steps, resulting in more thorough separation between impurities and seeds. Impurities of different sizes, densities, and shapes have sufficient time and space to separate from the seeds and fall, improving the screening effect. A suitable height difference provides sufficient momentum for the seeds, allowing them to maintain appropriate speed and motion as they leap from one step to the next, ensuring the continuity and stability of the screening process. The parameters of the through-holes on the step plate, including their diameter, shape, and distribution density, play a crucial role in ensuring screening accuracy and efficiency. Reasonable through-hole parameters can achieve precise screening based on the different particle sizes and characteristics of seeds and impurities, allowing qualified seeds to pass smoothly while effectively retaining impurities.

[0014] A further feature of the present invention is that the surface roughness Ra of the inner wall of the inclined tube is 0.8 μm to 3.2 μm, and the surface of the stepped plate is covered with a wear-resistant coating with a thickness of 1 mm to 1.5 mm.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, wear-resistant metal ceramics are composed of a metal substrate and a ceramic surface coating. The metal substrate is usually made of high-strength metal material, such as steel, to ensure the stability and load-bearing capacity of the structure. The ceramic surface coating plays a role in wear resistance and corrosion resistance. This double-layer structure gives wear-resistant metal ceramics both the strength and toughness of metal materials and the hardness and wear resistance of ceramic materials. Appropriate surface roughness can reduce the adhesion of seeds and impurities in the inclined tube and improve screening efficiency. The wear-resistant coating extends the service life of the stepped plate and reduces equipment maintenance costs.

[0016] A further feature of the present invention is that the diameter of the reciprocating drive turntable is 100mm to 150mm, and the length adjustment range of the telescopic rod is 50mm to 150mm.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, the selection of the diameter of the reciprocating drive turntable and the adjustment of the length of the telescopic rod are not isolated, but rather coordinated and complementary. In practical applications, a reciprocating drive turntable with an appropriate diameter is first selected according to the type and basic characteristics of the seeds, so as to determine a basic motion intensity and amplitude range for the motion system and ensure the stability and continuity of the screening process.

[0018] The beneficial effects of this invention are: 1. A reciprocating drive turntable moves a telescopic rod and a U-shaped plate, pushing the seeds onto an inclined stepped plate. Utilizing the difference in particle size between the seeds and small impurities, the small impurities fall through the through holes. Simultaneously, as the seeds and large impurities fall onto the stepped plate, each step involves a tumbling, jumping, and collision with the step surface. During this process, impurities in the seeds separate from them to varying degrees due to their weight, shape, and density. This initial separation of impurities lays the foundation for further screening and impurity removal. Simultaneously, a fan creates airflow within the duct, generating negative pressure inside the first and second negative pressure pipes. When the corn seeds flow through the stepped plate near these pipes, dust, broken leaves, and small particles are adsorbed into the negative pressure pipes and extracted from the screening box, achieving further separation of impurities from the seeds and effectively removing impurities adhering to the corn seeds.

[0019] 2. The device employs a combination of upper and lower double negative pressure adsorption and stepped vibration screening, which can remove both larger impurities (through stepped screening combined with negative pressure adsorption) and smaller impurities attached to the seeds (larger impurities are removed through bottom negative pressure adsorption, while smaller impurities are removed through stepped screening combined with negative pressure adsorption). This comprehensively and efficiently improves the purity of the seeds. After screening and impurity removal by this device, the impurities in the seeds are effectively removed, which is beneficial to improving the quality of the seeds and provides a good foundation for subsequent sowing, planting and other stages, thus helping to improve the yield and quality of crops. Attached Figure Description

[0020] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0021] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the stepped plate of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the first negative pressure pipe and the air duct of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the second negative pressure pipe and the air duct of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the housing of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the transmission mechanism of the present invention.

[0022] In the diagram, 1. Screening box; 2. Reciprocating drive turntable; 3. Telescopic rod; 4. U-shaped plate; 5. Feed hopper; 6. Air duct; 7. Inclined plate; 8. First negative pressure pipe; 9. Fan; 10. Ventilated collection bag; 11. Reciprocating drive mechanism; 1101. Housing; 1102. Motor; 1103. Transmission mechanism; 11031. Incomplete gear; 11032. Rectangular frame; 11033. Rack; 11034. Wheel axle; 12. Stepped plate; 13. Collection hopper; 14. Second negative pressure pipe; 15. Inclined pipe; 16. Flexible ring; 17. Through hole. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The technical solution of the present invention will now be clearly and completely described with reference to specific embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0024] Reference Figures 1-6 A seed screening and impurity removal device for corn cultivation includes a screening box 1. An inclined tube 15 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the screening box 1. Multiple first negative pressure tubes 8 and second negative pressure tubes 14 extending into the inclined tube 15 are fixedly connected to its top and bottom, respectively. The angle between the first negative pressure tubes 8 and second negative pressure tubes 14 and the wind direction ranges from 110° to 140°. The outer ends of the first negative pressure tubes 8 and second negative pressure tubes 14 extend outside the screening box 1. It is connected to the air duct 6 located outside the screening box 1, and a fan 9 is fixedly connected to one end of the air duct 6; a reciprocating drive turntable 2 is rotatably connected to the inner side wall of the screening box 1, and a telescopic rod 3 is rotatably connected to the edge of the reciprocating drive turntable 2. A U-shaped plate 4 for feeding is fixedly connected to the end of the telescopic rod 3; a stepped plate 12 with multiple through holes 17 at the bottom is inserted inside the inclined tube 15. The bottom end of the stepped plate 12 is rotatably connected to the inner side wall of the screening box 1, and the top end of the stepped plate 12 is connected to the U-shaped plate 4. The reciprocating drive turntable 2 reciprocates under power drive, driving the telescopic rod 3 to move. The extension, retraction, and rotation of the telescopic rod 3 cause the U-shaped plate 4 to oscillate back and forth. The U-shaped plate 4 pushes the seeds onto the stepped plate 12. Since the stepped plate 12 is composed of multiple inclined stepped surfaces, when the seeds flow on the stepped plate 12, they undergo a tumbling, jumping, and collision process with the stepped surface each time they pass through a step. During this process, impurities in the seeds will separate from the seeds to varying degrees due to their own weight, shape, and density. Small particles of impurities with a particle size smaller than the diameter of the through hole 17 will fall through the through hole 17, achieving preliminary separation of impurities and laying the foundation for further screening and impurity removal. When the blower 9 is started, airflow is formed in the air duct 6, which in turn creates negative pressure inside the first negative pressure pipe 8 and the second negative pressure pipe 14. As the corn seeds flow through the first negative pressure pipe 8 and the second negative pressure pipe 14 in the stepped plate 12, impurities in the seeds (such as dust, broken leaves, small particles, etc.) are adsorbed into the first negative pressure pipe 8 and the second negative pressure pipe 14 under the action of negative pressure, and are thus extracted from the screening box, thereby achieving further separation of impurities from seeds. Finally, the seeds are discharged from the discharge end of the stepped plate 12, completing the screening and impurity removal of the seeds. In summary, by using the upper and lower double negative pressure adsorption combined with stepped vibration screening, impurities attached to corn seeds and larger impurities can be effectively removed, improving the purity of the seeds.

[0025] An inclined plate 7 is fixedly connected to the inner bottom wall of the air duct 6. The inclined plate 7 is located at the air outlet of the first negative pressure pipe 8 and the second negative pressure pipe 14. The angle between the inclined plate 7 and the air direction is 30° to 60°. The inclined plate 7 blocks the connection between the first negative pressure pipe 8 and the second negative pressure pipe 14 and the inclined pipe 15. On the one hand, it makes the airflow more smoothly in the inclined pipe 15, enhances the negative pressure adsorption effect, and improves the impurity removal efficiency. On the other hand, it also plays a role in guiding impurities. In addition, the tilt angle of the inclined plate 7 is not fixed, but is set in the range of 30° to 60°. This design fully considers the diversity and complexity of practical applications. Different seed types, impurity content, and screening environment will all have different requirements for airflow guidance. By adjusting the tilt angle of the inclined plate 7, the operator can flexibly optimize the airflow guidance according to actual needs.

[0026] The angle between the inclined tube 15 and the horizontal plane is 120° to 130°. The diameters of the first negative pressure tube 8 and the second negative pressure tube 14 are 5cm to 15cm, and the distance between adjacent first negative pressure tubes 8 and second negative pressure tubes 14 is 20mm to 50mm. A suitable angle of the inclined tube 15 facilitates the downward movement of seeds. The inclined tube 15 plays a crucial role in guiding the orderly downward movement of seeds throughout the entire screening and impurity removal process. The rationality of its angle directly determines the smoothness of the seed downward movement and the continuity of the screening process. When the angle of the inclined tube 15 is set just right, the seeds, under the action of their own gravity, can slide smoothly and quickly along the inner wall of the inclined tube 15. This range of angles fully utilizes... Taking into account various factors such as seed shape, size, and surface friction, the first negative pressure tube 8 and the second negative pressure tube 14 with reasonable diameters and spacing can ensure the uniformity and effectiveness of negative pressure adsorption, ensuring that impurities are fully adsorbed. Determining the reasonable diameters and spacing of the first negative pressure tube 8 and the second negative pressure tube 14 enables the negative pressure adsorption system to perform optimally during seed screening and impurity removal. During seed flow, the negative pressure tubes can generate negative pressure uniformly across the entire width range, fully adsorbing impurities such as dust, broken leaves, and small particles in the seeds, ensuring that each seed receives effective impurity removal treatment, thereby greatly improving seed purity and providing high-quality seeds for subsequent planting work.

[0027] The diameter of the through holes 17 on the stepped plate 12 increases from top to bottom. As the seeds roll on the stepped plate 12, impurities of different sizes fall through the corresponding through holes 17 according to their size. When the mixture passes through these small through holes 17, the tiny impurities are separated from the seeds by their own gravity and the slight vibration and friction generated by the seed flow, thus achieving initial separation from the seeds. As the screening process progresses, slightly larger impurities, such as broken seed coat fragments and small stones, come to the slightly larger through holes 17. Due to their size limitations, these impurities cannot pass through the previously smaller through holes 17, but when they encounter through holes 17 that match their particle size, they can pass through smoothly and fall. This graded screening method selects impurities one by one according to their particle size, avoiding the problem of impurities of different particle sizes being mixed together and difficult to separate. Graded screening can more accurately separate impurities of different particle sizes, improve screening accuracy, and make the seeds purer.

[0028] The vibration frequency of the stepped plate 12 is 10-25Hz, and the inclination angle of each step surface of the stepped plate 12 is 10°-20°. Two adjacent stepped surfaces form a group. The diameter of the through hole 17 on the upper stepped surface of the group is 2-3mm, and the diameter of the through hole 17 on the lower stepped surface of the group is 4-6mm. By setting appropriate vibration frequency, reasonable step surface inclination angle, and different diameters of through holes 17 in different layers, the stepped plate 12 optimizes the seed screening process from multiple aspects. It not only allows the seeds to roll fully on the stepped plate 12 to improve screening efficiency, but also guides the seeds to slide smoothly to ensure the continuity of screening, while realizing graded screening and improving seed quality.

[0029] The stepped plate 12 has 6 to 10 stepped surfaces, with a height difference of 20 mm to 40 mm between adjacent stepped surfaces. The through holes 17 are circular in shape, with a diameter of 2 mm to 8 mm. The through holes 17 are distributed in a honeycomb pattern on the stepped surfaces of the stepped plate 12, with a spacing of 5 mm to 10 mm between adjacent through holes 17. The appropriate number of steps can significantly extend the seed screening process. After repeated tumbling and collision on the stepped plate 12, the separation between impurities and seeds is more thorough, providing sufficient time for impurities of different particle sizes, densities, and shapes. The separation and descent of seeds from the space enhances the screening effect; a suitable height difference provides sufficient power for the seeds to maintain appropriate speed and motion as they leap from one step to the next, ensuring the continuity and stability of the screening process; the parameters of the through holes 17 on the step plate 12, including the diameter, shape, and distribution density of the through holes 17, play a crucial role in ensuring screening accuracy and efficiency. Reasonable through hole 17 parameters can achieve precise screening based on the different particle sizes and characteristics of seeds and impurities, allowing qualified seeds to pass through smoothly while impurities are effectively retained.

[0030] The inner wall surface roughness Ra of the inclined tube 15 is 0.8μm to 3.2μm. The surface of the stepped plate 12 is covered with a wear-resistant coating with a thickness of 1mm to 1.5mm. The wear-resistant metal-ceramic consists of a metal substrate and a ceramic surface coating. The metal substrate is usually made of high-strength metal material, such as steel, to ensure the stability and load-bearing capacity of the structure. The ceramic surface coating provides wear resistance and corrosion resistance. This double-layer structure gives the wear-resistant metal-ceramic both the strength and toughness of metal materials and the hardness and wear resistance of ceramic materials. The appropriate surface roughness can reduce the adhesion of seeds and impurities in the inclined tube 15 and improve screening efficiency. The wear-resistant coating extends the service life of the stepped plate and reduces equipment maintenance costs.

[0031] The diameter of the reciprocating drive turntable 2 is 100mm to 150mm, and the length adjustment range of the telescopic rod 3 is 50mm to 150mm. The selection of the diameter of the reciprocating drive turntable 2 and the length adjustment of the telescopic rod 3 are not isolated, but rather coordinated and complementary. In practical applications, the appropriate diameter of the reciprocating drive turntable 2 is selected first according to the type and basic characteristics of the seeds to determine a basic range of motion intensity and amplitude for the motion system, ensuring the stability and continuity of the screening process.

[0032] The blower 9 is equipped with a variable frequency drive (VFD), model FS-02-MCU, which is used to adjust the wind speed of the blower 9. By adjusting the wind speed in a timely manner, the negative pressure adsorption efficiency is kept stable. When the seed flow rate increases, increasing the wind speed can enhance the negative pressure adsorption force, ensuring that light impurities in the seeds, such as dust, shriveled seeds, and grass clippings, are fully adsorbed, preventing these impurities from being mixed into the seeds again. At the same time, appropriately increasing the wind speed can also promote the flow of seeds in the screening area, allowing the seeds to be more evenly distributed on the screening surface, improving the comprehensiveness and accuracy of screening. Adjusting the wind speed according to different seed flow rates and impurity conditions ensures the best impurity removal effect while saving energy.

[0033] The bottom of the screening box 1 is equipped with a collection hopper 13, and the bottom of the collection hopper 13 is equipped with a discharge valve. The discharge valve is an electrically controlled valve with an opening angle of 0° to 90°. The collection hopper facilitates the collection of seeds, and the electrically controlled discharge valve can realize the automated control of the discharge and flexibly adjust the discharge according to production needs.

[0034] The top of the screening box 1 is equipped with a feeding hopper 5, and the bottom of the feeding hopper 5 is equipped with an electric baffle. The opening frequency of the electric baffle is 1 to 5 times per second. The opening frequency of the electric baffle controls the seed feeding speed. The feeding hopper 5 facilitates seed input. By controlling the opening frequency, the electric baffle can accurately control the seed feeding amount, ensuring the stability and uniformity of the screening process.

[0035] A flexible ring 16 is fixedly connected to the top of the inclined tube 15. The U-shaped plate 4 extends through the flexible ring 16 into the interior of the inclined tube 15. The flexible ring 16 can play a sealing role, preventing impurities from leaking from the connection between the U-shaped plate 4 and the inclined tube 15, thus ensuring the negative pressure adsorption effect.

[0036] The reciprocating drive turntable 2 is provided with a reciprocating drive mechanism 11 at its outer end. The reciprocating drive mechanism 11 includes a housing 1101, a motor 1102, and a transmission mechanism 1103. The motor 1102 drives the reciprocating drive turntable 2 to reciprocate through the transmission mechanism 1103. The transmission ratio of the transmission mechanism 1103 is 1:2 to 1:5. The motor 1102 drives the reciprocating drive turntable 2 to reciprocate through the transmission mechanism 1103, providing power for the reciprocating oscillation of the U-shaped plate 4 and realizing the pushing of seeds. The transmission ratio is in the range of 1:2 to 1:5. The rotation speed of the reciprocating drive turntable 2 can be adjusted according to actual needs, thereby controlling the seed feeding speed and screening rhythm.

[0037] The transmission mechanism 1103 includes an incomplete gear 11031 fixedly connected to the output end of the motor 1102, a rectangular frame 11032 inside the horizontal movable housing 1101, and a gear shaft 11034 rotatably connected to the side wall of the housing 1101. The gear shaft 11034 is fixedly connected to the reciprocating drive turntable 2. The upper and lower inner side walls of the rectangular frame 11032 are fixedly connected to racks 11033 that mesh with the incomplete gear 11031. The upper surface of the rectangular frame 11032 is also fixedly connected to... The rack 11033, which meshes with the gear shaft 11034, is connected to the reciprocating drive mechanism 11. The motor 1102 drives the incomplete gear 11031 to rotate, causing the rectangular frame 11032 to move horizontally back and forth, which in turn drives the gear shaft 11034 to rotate back and forth. This reciprocating drive turnstable 2 to rotate back and forth, which can better separate dust and inferior seeds, making it easier to separate impurities and inferior seeds from corn seeds, further improving the screening and impurity removal effect and the protection of corn seeds.

[0038] The top of the screening box 1 is equipped with a collection component for collecting dust and inferior seeds from corn seeds. The collection component includes a ventilated collection bag 10 fixedly connected to the air outlet of the air duct 6. During the screening process, dust and inferior seeds are sucked to the top of the screening box 1, enter the air duct 6, and finally fall into the ventilated collection bag 10. The collection component can collect the screened dust and inferior seeds in a timely manner, preventing them from mixing into the air, and also facilitating the centralized treatment of impurities.

[0039] This invention has the following effects: 1. By reciprocatingly driving the turntable 2 to move the telescopic rod 3 and the U-shaped plate 4, the seeds are pushed onto the inclined stepped plate 12. Utilizing the difference in particle size between the seeds and small impurities, the small impurities fall through the through-hole 17. Simultaneously, as the seeds and large impurities fall onto the stepped plate 12, when the seeds flow on the stepped plate 12, they undergo a tumbling, jumping, and collision with the stepped surface of the stepped plate 12 after each step. During this process, the impurities in the seeds, due to their own weight, shape, density, and other characteristics, interact with... The seeds undergo varying degrees of separation, separating from large particles of impurities, thus achieving initial separation of impurities and laying the foundation for further screening and impurity removal. Simultaneously, the blower 9 is activated to create airflow within the air duct 6, generating negative pressure inside the first negative pressure pipe 8 and the second negative pressure pipe 14. When the corn seeds flow through the vicinity of these two negative pressure pipes within the stepped plate 12, impurities such as dust, broken leaves, and small particles in the seeds are adsorbed into the negative pressure pipes and extracted from the screening box under the action of negative pressure, achieving further separation of impurities from the seeds and effectively removing impurities attached to the corn seeds.

[0040] 2. The device employs a combination of upper and lower double negative pressure adsorption and stepped vibration screening, which can remove both larger impurities (through stepped screening combined with negative pressure adsorption) and smaller impurities attached to the seeds (larger impurities are removed through bottom negative pressure adsorption, while smaller impurities are removed through stepped screening combined with negative pressure adsorption). This comprehensively and efficiently improves the purity of the seeds. After screening and impurity removal by this device, the impurities in the seeds are effectively removed, which is beneficial to improving the quality of the seeds and provides a good foundation for subsequent sowing, planting and other stages, thus helping to improve the yield and quality of crops.

[0041] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A seed screening and impurity removing device for corn breeding, comprising a screening box, characterized in that, The inner side wall of the screening box is fixedly connected with an inclined pipe, the top and bottom of the inclined pipe are fixedly connected with a plurality of first negative pressure pipes and second negative pressure pipes extending into the interior thereof, the outer ends of the first negative pressure pipes and the second negative pressure pipes extend to the outside of the screening box, the outer ends of the first negative pressure pipes and the second negative pressure pipes are in communication with an air duct provided outside the screening box, one end of the air duct is fixedly connected with a fan; the inner side wall of the screening box is rotatably connected with a reciprocating drive turntable, the edge of the reciprocating drive turntable is rotatably connected with an extension rod, the end of the extension rod is fixedly connected with a U-shaped plate for feeding; the interior of the inclined pipe is inserted with a stepped plate with a plurality of through holes provided at the bottom, the bottom end of the stepped plate is rotatably connected with the inner side wall of the screening box, and the top end of the stepped plate is connected with the U-shaped plate.

2. The seed screening and impurity removing device for corn breeding seed of claim 1, characterized in that: The inner bottom wall of the air duct is fixedly connected with an inclined plate, the inclined plate is located at the air outlets of the first negative pressure pipes and the second negative pressure pipes, and the included angle between the inclined plate and the wind direction is 30° to 60°.

3. The seed screening and impurity removing device for corn breeding seed of claim 2, characterized in that: The included angle between the inclined pipe and the horizontal plane is 120° to 130°, the diameters of the first negative pressure pipes and the second negative pressure pipes are 5cm to 15cm, and the spacing between adjacent first negative pressure pipes and second negative pressure pipes is 20mm to 50mm.

4. The seed screening and impurity removing device for corn breeding seed of claim 1, characterized in that: The diameters of the through holes on the stepped plate gradually increase from top to bottom.

5. The seed screening and impurity removing device for corn breeding seed of claim 1, characterized in that: The vibration frequency of the stepped plate is 10-25Hz, the inclination angle of each stepped surface of the stepped plate is 10°-20°, two adjacent stepped surfaces form a group, the diameter of the through hole of the upper stepped surface in the group is 2-3mm, and the diameter of the through hole of the lower stepped surface in the group is 4-6mm.

6. The seed screening and impurity removing device for corn breeding seed of claim 1, wherein: The number of stepped surfaces of the stepped plate is 6 to 10, the height difference between adjacent stepped surfaces is 20mm to 40mm, the shape of the through hole is circular, the diameter of the through hole is 2mm to 8mm, the through holes are distributed in a honeycomb shape on the stepped surfaces of the stepped plate, and the spacing between adjacent through holes is 5mm to 10mm.

7. The seed screening and impurity removing device for corn breeding seed of claim 1, characterized in that: The surface roughness Ra of the inner wall of the inclined pipe is 0.8μm to 3.2μm, the surface of the stepped plate is covered with a wear-resistant coating, and the thickness of the coating is 1mm to 1.5mm.

8. The seed screening and impurity removing device for corn breeding seed of claim 1, characterized in that: The diameter of the reciprocating drive turntable is 100mm to 150mm, and the length adjustment range of the extension rod is 50mm to 150mm.

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