Cutting and grinding device for mechanical part machining

Abstract

The invention discloses a cutting and polishing device for mechanical part machining. The cutting and polishing device comprises a positioning and feeding module, a double-shaft feeding module and a switching module. The two positioning and feeding modules are coaxially and symmetrically arranged and used for clamping a workpiece and conducting X-axis linear feeding and rotation around the axis. The double-shaft feeding module is arranged between the two positioning feeding modules and drives the switching module to conduct Y-axis linear feeding and Z-axis linear feeding. The switching module comprises a first-stage reversing assembly, a second-stage reversing assembly and a driving assembly. The first-stage reversing assembly is used for switching the working positions of the cutting machine head and the second-stage reversing assembly; a plurality of grinding heads are mounted on the second-stage reversing assembly in an annular array manner and are used for switching different grinding heads to operation positions; the driving assembly is matched with the two-way ratchet mechanism and the electromagnetic locking mechanism through a single motor, and the secondary reversing assembly can be selectively driven to change the position or drive the polishing head at the operation position to work. Automatic switching of cutting and multi-procedure grinding and continuous machining are achieved, the machining efficiency is high, and precision is good.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of mechanical component machining, in particular to a cutting and polishing device for mechanical component machining. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the field of modern mechanical manufacturing, structural engineering and equipment assembly, metal pipes, bars and various types of fixed cross-section profiles are widely used as key structural support, transmission and connecting components. Usually, these materials need to be cut into specific length and angle segments according to design requirements, and then assembled through welding or other methods to build the final required mechanical components or frame structures.

[0003] Traditional processing methods usually separate cutting and polishing processes. First, the operator uses a sawing machine, a grinding machine or a laser, plasma cutting device to cut and end face cut the workpiece. After this process, burrs, slag or irregular edges may be generated on the cutting end face. In order to ensure the quality and precision of subsequent welding or assembly, the cutting end face must be treated twice, i.e. using an angle grinder, a sanding machine or other handheld or fixed polishing tools for deburring and surface finishing. This step-by-step processing mode has obvious defects: first, the process is dispersed, and the workpiece needs to be transferred between different devices or stations, which not only reduces production efficiency, but also increases the risk of cumulative error of workpiece clamping and positioning, affecting the size accuracy and consistency of the final product; second, the skill dependence of the operator is high, the labor intensity is large, and the debris and sparks generated during cutting and polishing process can easily cause safety hazards to personnel and environment; third, it is difficult to realize the one-time high-precision forming of complex end face shapes (such as non-vertical cross-section, specific angle bevel, etc.) and the automatic matching of subsequent polishing.

[0004] In order to improve the level of automation, some devices with preliminary composite functions have appeared in the market, such as integrating cutting head and simple polishing unit on the same machine tool. However, such devices often have single function and poor adaptability. Specifically, 1. The cutting and polishing tools are mostly fixedly installed or manually replaced, the switching efficiency is low, different tools cannot be quickly and automatically called in the processing cycle, which seriously restricts the realization of continuous automatic production. 2. Usually only a single type of polishing head is provided, which is difficult to meet the work requirements of different materials, different cross-sectional shapes or different polishing requirements (such as rough grinding, fine grinding and polishing), and the process adaptability is limited. 3. The workpiece clamping and feeding mechanism and the tool head moving mechanism often cannot provide high degree of freedom and high precision collaborative motion of multi-axis linear feeding and workpiece rotation feeding around the shaft, which limits the ability when processing complex spatial curved surface end face or performing oblique cutting and polishing. 4. For the switching drive of multiple polishing heads and the power transmission of cutting and polishing operations, multiple independent motors or complex mechanical transmission chains are usually used, the system structure is bulky, the control is complex, and the reliability needs to be improved. SUMMARY

[0005] In view of the above deficiencies in the prior art, the purpose of the present application is to provide a cutting and polishing device for machining mechanical parts, which can highly integrate efficient and accurate cutting with multi-process flexible polishing, and has the ability of multi-axis high degree of freedom collaborative motion, automatic cutting and polishing device with automatic quick tool switching and intelligent power distribution.

[0006] The technical scheme adopted by the present application to achieve the above purpose is: a cutting and polishing device for machining mechanical parts, comprising: A positioning and feeding module, the positioning and feeding module comprises two groups arranged coaxially and symmetrically, and the two groups of positioning and feeding modules are used for clamping and positioning the cut workpiece and adjusting the linear feeding of the workpiece in the X direction and the rotation of the workpiece around the axis.

[0007] A cutting head, a polishing head and a switching module, the switching module comprises a first reversing assembly, a second reversing assembly and a driving assembly, the cutting head and the second switching assembly are assembled on the first reversing assembly and are switched in position, a plurality of different types of polishing heads are assembled on the second switching assembly and are switched in position to adjust a specific polishing head to a working position, and the driving assembly is power connected with the polishing head or the second reversing assembly in the working position and drives the operation.

[0008] A dual-axis feeding module, the dual-axis feeding module is assembled between the two groups of positioning and feeding modules and is used for assembling the switching module, and the dual-axis feeding module is used to drive the switching module to move linearly along the Y axis or the Z axis.

[0009] Based on the above technical solutions, to ensure the stable assembly and operation of the positioning and feeding module and the dual-axis feed module involved above, and to facilitate the loading and unloading of the processed workpieces, as well as the equipment maintenance and metal shavings cleaning, the following technical solutions are provided: It also includes a mounting cover, in which the positioning and feeding module and the dual-axis feeding module are assembled. An operation window is provided on the front side of the mounting cover, and feeding ports that are coaxially aligned with the positioning and feeding module are provided on both sides of the mounting cover.

[0010] Based on the above technical solutions, in order to ensure that the positioning and feeding module can effectively clamp the workpiece and perform linear and rotary feeds on the workpiece along the X-axis, the following technical solutions are provided: The positioning and feeding module includes a mounting base, a rotating base, a rotating feed assembly, a lateral positioning assembly, a longitudinal positioning assembly, and an X-axis feed assembly. The rotating base is rotatably mounted on the mounting base and has an assembly port at its axis for the workpiece to pass through normally. The lateral positioning assembly, the longitudinal positioning assembly, and the X-axis feed assembly are all assembled on the rotating base.

[0011] The rotary feeding assembly includes an external gear ring fixed to the rotating seat and a drive gear rotatably mounted on the mounting base. The drive gear meshes with the external gear ring. The drive gears in the two sets of positioning and feeding modules are coaxially fixed through a connecting shaft. The two sets of positioning and feeding modules are also equipped with a geared motor, which is poweredly connected to the connecting shaft.

[0012] Based on the above technical solutions, in order to ensure that the transverse positioning component and the longitudinal positioning component can be stably assembled on the rotating seat, and to achieve effective clamping and positioning of the workpiece set in the assembly port, the following technical solution is provided: The lateral positioning assembly includes a transmission roller A, an adjusting screw A, a guide shaft A, an adjusting motor A, and two sets of symmetrically arranged sliding brackets A. The adjusting screw A and the guide shaft A are assembled into the assembly port and kept parallel. Multiple sets of symmetrically arranged transmission rollers A are rotatably mounted on each of the two sets of sliding brackets A. The adjusting screw A is screwed to the two sets of sliding brackets A, the guide shaft A is slidably inserted to the two sets of sliding brackets A, and the adjusting motor A is screwed to the adjusting screw A.

[0013] The longitudinal positioning assembly includes a transmission roller B, an adjusting screw B, a guide shaft B, an adjusting motor B, and two sets of symmetrically arranged sliding brackets B. The adjusting screw B and the guide shaft B are assembled into the assembly port and are both perpendicular to the adjusting screw A and the guide shaft. Multiple sets of symmetrically arranged transmission rollers B are rotatably mounted on each of the two sets of sliding brackets B. The transmission rollers B are perpendicular to the transmission roller A. The adjusting screw B is screwed to the two sets of sliding brackets B. The guide shaft B is slidably inserted into the two sets of sliding brackets B. The adjusting motor B is screwed to the adjusting screw B.

[0014] Based on the above technical solutions, in order to ensure that the X-axis feed assembly can be poweredly connected to the transverse positioning assembly and the longitudinal positioning assembly, and to drive the transmission rollers A and B to rotate synchronously, so as to drive the clamped and positioned workpiece to be stably fed along the X-axis, the following technical solution is provided: The X-axis feed assembly includes a spline shaft A, a spline shaft B, a drive motor A, a drive motor B, a drive bevel gear A, and a drive bevel gear B. The spline shaft A and spline shaft B are rotatably mounted in the assembly port and are parallel to the guide shaft A and guide shaft B, respectively. The drive motor A and drive motor B are poweredly connected to the spline shaft A and spline shaft B, respectively.

[0015] The driving bevel gear A and driving bevel gear B are rotatably mounted on the sliding bracket A and sliding bracket B respectively, and the driving bevel gear A and driving bevel gear B are slidably inserted with the spline shaft A and spline shaft B respectively; the transmission rollers A set on the sliding bracket A are poweredly connected, and the transmission rollers B set on the sliding bracket B are poweredly connected; a transmission bevel gear A that meshes with the driving bevel gear A is fixedly connected to one of the transmission rollers A set on the sliding bracket A, and a transmission bevel gear B that meshes with the driving bevel gear B is fixedly connected to one of the transmission rollers B set on the sliding bracket B.

[0016] Based on the above technical solutions, in order to ensure that the dual-axis feed module can drive the switching module, cutting head, and grinding head to feed stably along the Y-axis and Z-axis, the following technical solutions are provided: The dual-axis feed module includes a Y-axis feed component and a Z-axis feed component. The Z-axis feed component is mounted on the movable part of the Y-axis feed component, and the switching module is mounted on the movable part of the Z-axis feed component.

[0017] Based on the above technical solutions, in order to ensure that the first-stage reversing assembly can be stably assembled on the Z-axis feed assembly and perform reversing adjustment, and to ensure that the second-stage reversing assembly and the cutting head can be stably assembled on the first-stage reversing assembly and cooperate in reversing, the following technical solutions are provided: The first-stage reversing assembly includes a reversing support and a reversing motor. The reversing support and the reversing motor are both mounted on the movable part of the Z-axis feed assembly. The reversing motor and the reversing support are connected by power. The second-stage reversing assembly and the cutting head are respectively mounted on both ends of the reversing support.

[0018] Based on the above technical solutions, in order to ensure that the secondary reversing assembly can be stably assembled on the reversing support and to achieve precise reversing of each grinding head, the following technical solutions are provided: The secondary reversing assembly includes a rotating disk, positioning fixtures, and a matching combination of worm gear and worm. The rotating disk is rotatably mounted on the reversing support. Multiple sets of positioning fixtures arranged in a circular array are rotatably mounted on the reversing support. Each set of positioning fixtures is fixedly mounted with a grinding head arranged on the outside of the rotating disk. The worm gear and worm are rotatably mounted on the reversing support and arranged in the rotating disk. The worm is coaxially arranged with the grinding head in the working position. A transmission gear A is coaxially fixed to the worm gear. A transmission gear B that meshes with the transmission gear A is fixed to the center of the rotating disk.

[0019] Based on the above technical solutions, in order to ensure the stable assembly of the drive components and achieve a stable power connection with the secondary commutation components and the grinding head, the following technical solutions are provided: The drive assembly includes a drive motor C, a drive shaft, a transmission shaft, a locking connector, a splined shaft C, an electromagnet, a permanent magnet, and two sets of ratchet mechanisms arranged in opposite directions. The drive motor C is fixedly mounted on the reversing support. The drive shaft passes through the worm gear and is poweredly connected to the drive motor C. The input ends of both sets of ratchet mechanisms are poweredly connected to the drive shaft, and the output ends of both sets of ratchet mechanisms are poweredly connected to the worm gear and the transmission shaft, respectively. The electromagnet is arranged around the transmission shaft. The splined shaft C is coaxially fixed to the locking connector and slidably inserted into the center of the transmission shaft. The permanent magnet is fixedly mounted on the locking connector and is coaxially opposite to the electromagnet. Each set of positioning fixtures is fixedly connected with a locking groove that can be nested and locked with the locking connector.

[0020] The beneficial effects of this invention are: 1. By organically integrating the positioning and feeding module, the dual-axis feeding module, and the switching module that integrates the cutting head and multiple grinding heads, the entire process of workpiece processing from clamping and positioning, cutting and shaping to end face grinding is fully automated. The workpiece can complete all key processes after one clamping, completely eliminating the repeated positioning errors and wasted time caused by the transfer of workpieces between different devices, ensuring the dimensional consistency and splicing accuracy of the final product, especially multi-segment welded components, and significantly improving production efficiency.

[0021] 2. The positioning and feeding module enables linear feeding of the workpiece along the X-axis and rotary feeding around its own axis. Combined with the linear feeding of the Y-axis and Z-axis driven by the dual-axis feeding module, a four-axis linkage feeding system with at least three linear axes and one rotary axis is formed. This allows the device to not only complete conventional vertical cutting and grinding, but also to handle the precise cutting and subsequent matching grinding of complex spatial curved surfaces, greatly expanding the processing range and applicability of the equipment.

[0022] 3. The primary reversing assembly enables macroscopic switching of the cutting head and the secondary reversing assembly, while the secondary reversing assembly (rotary disk and positioning fixture) enables microscopic selection and switching of various grinding head models. The drive assembly uses a single drive motor C in conjunction with a ratchet mechanism and an electromagnetically controlled splined shaft locking mechanism, achieving intelligent power distribution. This allows for fully automatic, rapid, and accurate tool switching and power connection between different processing steps, without manual intervention, meeting the flexible production needs of small batches and multiple varieties.

[0023] 4. In the positioning and feeding module, the transverse and longitudinal positioning components drive symmetrically arranged transmission rollers via bidirectional lead screws, enabling concentric clamping of the workpiece from four directions. This ensures the workpiece axis coincides with the rotation axis, laying the foundation for high-precision feeding. The X-axis feed component transmits power stably to the movable clamping transmission rollers via a splined shaft and bevel gears, achieving stable linear transport of the workpiece while it is clamped. Notably, after the workpiece is cut, the differential speed at both ends can be controlled to separate the cut surfaces, creating working space for the grinding head. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention after the mounting cover has been removed; Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of the positioning and feeding module; Figure 4 for Figure 3 A structural diagram from another perspective; Figure 5 A structural diagram showing the combination of the lateral positioning component, the longitudinal positioning component, and the X-axis feed component; Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the structure for the combination of the lateral positioning component and the X-axis feed component; Figure 7 for Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the structure of the middle component assembly; Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the structure for the matching combination of the longitudinal positioning component and the X-axis feed component; Figure 9 forFigure 8 A schematic diagram of the structure of the middle component assembly; Figure 10 This is a structural schematic diagram of a dual-axis feed module and its assembled components. Figure 11 A structural diagram of the switching module and the components assembled on it; Figure 12 A schematic diagram of the structure of the matching combination of the secondary commutation component and the drive component; Figure 13 A detailed schematic diagram of the combination of drive components and secondary commutation components; Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the drive component. Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the ratchet mechanism and drive shaft after disassembly.

[0025] In the diagram: 1. Positioning and feeding module; 11. Mounting base; 12. Rotary seat; 121. Assembly port; 13. Rotary feed assembly; 131. External gear ring; 132. Drive gear; 133. Connecting shaft; 134. Gear motor; 14. Lateral positioning assembly; 141. Transmission roller A; 142. Adjusting screw A; 143. Guide shaft A; 144. Adjusting motor A; 145. Sliding bracket A; 146. Synchronous pulley A; 147. Transmission bevel gear A; 148. Synchronous pulley a; 15. Longitudinal positioning assembly; 151. Transmission roller B; 152. Adjusting screw B; 153. Guide shaft B; 154. Adjusting motor B; 155. Sliding bracket B; 156. Synchronous pulley B; 157. Transmission bevel gear B; 158. Synchronous pulley b; 16. X-axis feed assembly; 161. Splined shaft A; 162. Splined shaft B; 163. Drive motor A; 164. Drive motor B; 165. Drive bevel gear A; 1 66 Drive bevel gear B, 2 Cutting head, 3 Grinding head, 4 Switching module, 41 First-stage reversing assembly, 411 Reversing support, 412 Reversing motor, 413 Reduction gearbox, 42 Second-stage reversing assembly, 421 Rotary disc, 422 Positioning fixture, 423 Worm gear, 424 Worm, 425 Transmission gear A, 426 Transmission gear B, 427 Locking groove, 43 Drive assembly, 431 Drive motor C, 4311 432 Bevel gear set, 432 drive shaft, 433 transmission shaft, 434 locking joint, 435 splined shaft C, 436 electromagnet, 4361 buffer pad, 437 permanent magnet, 438 ratchet mechanism, 4381 internal ratchet, 4382 pawl, 4383 spring, 5 dual-axis feed module, 51 Y-axis feed assembly, 52 Z-axis feed assembly, 6 mounting cover, 61 operation window, 62 feed port, 63 leveling feet. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0027] Example 1 Please see Figures 1-4 , Figure 10 , Figure 11 A cutting and grinding device for machining mechanical parts, comprising: The positioning and feeding module 1 includes two sets arranged coaxially and symmetrically. The two sets of positioning and feeding modules 1 are used to clamp and position the workpiece being cut, and to perform linear feed of the workpiece in the X-axis and rotation adjustment around the workpiece axis.

[0028] The cutting head 2, grinding head 3, and switching module 4 are included. The switching module 4 includes a primary reversing component 41, a secondary reversing component 42, and a drive component 43. The cutting head 2 and the secondary switching component are both mounted on the primary reversing component 41 and their positions are switched. The secondary switching component is equipped with multiple sets of grinding heads 3 of different models and its position is switched so that a specific grinding head 3 is adjusted to the working position. The drive component 43 can be poweredly connected to the grinding head 3 in the working position or the secondary reversing component 42 and drive it to run.

[0029] The dual-axis feed module 5 is assembled between two sets of positioning and feeding modules 1 and is used to assemble the switching module 4. The dual-axis feed module 5 is used to drive the switching module 4 to perform linear feed along the Y-axis or Z-axis.

[0030] The cutting and grinding device provided in this solution is typically used to process mechanical parts such as metal pipes and profiles with fixed cross-sections. After cutting the end face of the workpiece into a specific shape according to the design requirements, the cut sections of the workpiece can be assembled and welded at a specific angle to form a mechanical structure of a specific size and shape, which can then be used as a structural support, power transmission component, or equipment assembly for various purposes.

[0031] During the specific processing stage, the two sets of coaxially symmetrically arranged positioning and feeding modules 1 can stably clamp and position the workpiece with a fixed cross section along its own axis, and drive it to make stable linear feed along its own axis (i.e., the X-axis). The two sets of positioning and feeding modules 1 can also adjust the rotation of the clamped and positioned workpiece around its own axis, thereby realizing the rotational feed in the X-axis.

[0032] The dual-axis feed module 5 can drive the cutting head 2, grinding head and switching module 4 mounted on it to feed linearly and stably along the Y and Z axes. With the cooperation of the dual-axis feed module 5 and the positioning and feeding module 1, linear feed of the X, Y and Z axes and rotational feed of the X axis are realized to cut the workpiece into a specific shape of end face structure, so as to allow multiple sections of the cut workpiece to be assembled and welded in a specific posture.

[0033] For the switching module 4 assembled on the dual-axis feed module 5, when the first-stage reversing component 41 is running, it can switch the position of the cutting head 2 and the switching module 4 equipped with various grinding heads 3, so that the cutting head 2 or the grinding head 3 faces the conveyed workpiece at a specific angle. The cutting head 2 completes the precise cutting of the workpiece, and the grinding head 3 completes the efficient grinding and smoothing of the cut end face to remove the burrs left by the cutting so that the welding work can proceed stably.

[0034] It should also be noted that the switching module 4 can also adjust the tilt angle of the cutting head 2 and the grinding head 3 in the working position (the angle between the axis of the cutting head 2 and the grinding head 3 and the Z-axis). When cutting and grinding profiles with complex cross sections, the cutting head 2 and the grinding head 3 can be made to act at an angle to the workpiece, thereby improving the applicability of the cutting and grinding device.

[0035] The drive component 43 can split and transmit power to drive the secondary reversing component 42 and the grinding head 3 in the working position to operate independently. When the secondary reversing component 42 is running independently, the position of the grinding head 3 can be adjusted so that the grinding head 3 of a specific model is transferred to the working position. Then, the grinding head 3 in the working position is driven to operate independently to achieve efficient grinding of the cutting end face.

[0036] Example 2 Please see Figure 1 To ensure the stable assembly and operation of the positioning and feeding module 1 and the dual-axis feeding module 5 mentioned above, and to facilitate the loading and unloading of the processed workpieces, as well as the equipment maintenance and metal shavings cleaning, the following technical solutions are provided.

[0037] It also includes a mounting cover 6, and the positioning and feeding module 1 and the dual-axis feeding module 5 are all assembled in the mounting cover 6. An operation window 61 is opened on the front side of the mounting cover 6, and feeding ports 62 are opened on both sides of the mounting cover 6 to be coaxially aligned with the positioning and feeding module 1.

[0038] The mounting cover 6 ensures that the positioning and feeding module 1 and the dual-axis feed module 5 are stably assembled according to the designed spatial layout, thereby ensuring that each module can work together to effectively cut and grind the workpiece. The operation window 61 facilitates maintenance of the aforementioned modules and cleaning of cutting debris. The feeding port 62 ensures that the workpiece can enter or exit from both sides of the mounting cover 6, thereby ensuring that the positioning and feeding module 1 can effectively receive and transfer the workpiece.

[0039] When cutting and grinding workpieces, the operating port is kept closed to prevent debris generated during the cutting and grinding process from flying outwards.

[0040] At the bottom of the mounting cover 6, leveling feet 63 are also installed. By independently adjusting each leveling bracket, the positioning feeding module 1 and the dual-axis feeding module 5 can be precisely arranged in the horizontal direction.

[0041] Example 3 Please see Figures 2-9 To ensure that the positioning and feeding module 1 can effectively clamp the workpiece and perform linear and rotary feed along the X-axis, the following technical solution is provided: The positioning and feeding module 1 includes a mounting base 11, a rotating seat 12, a rotating feed assembly 13, a transverse positioning assembly 14, a longitudinal positioning assembly 15, and an X-axis feed assembly 16. The rotating seat 12 is rotatably mounted on the mounting base 11 and has an assembly port 121 at its axis for the workpiece to pass through normally. The transverse positioning assembly 14, the longitudinal positioning assembly 15, and the X-axis feed assembly 16 are all assembled on the rotating seat 12.

[0042] The rotary feed assembly 13 includes an external gear ring 131 fixed to the rotating seat 12 and a drive gear 132 rotatably mounted on the mounting base 11. The drive gear 132 meshes with the external gear ring 131. The drive gears 132 in the two sets of positioning and feeding modules 1 are coaxially fixed through the connecting shaft 133. The two sets of positioning and feeding modules 1 are also equipped with a geared motor 134, which is powered by the connecting shaft 133.

[0043] The mounting base 11 is fixedly installed in the mounting cover 6, while the external gear ring 131, which is fixed to the rotating seat 12, is arranged on the outside of the mounting base 11. The mounting base 11 blocks the flying debris from getting embedded in it and affecting the feeding accuracy of the rotating feed assembly 13.

[0044] The geared motor 134 drives the connecting shaft 133 and the drive gear 132 to operate synchronously, thereby driving the rotating seat 12 in the two sets of positioning and feeding modules 1 and the components assembled on the rotating seat 12 to always rotate coaxially, thus ensuring the stable rotation and feeding of the clamped and positioned workpiece in the X-axis.

[0045] The coordinated operation of the transverse positioning component 14 and the longitudinal positioning component 15 can effectively clamp and position the workpiece, and with the cooperation of the X-axis feed component 16, it can drive the workpiece to make stable X-axis feed.

[0046] To ensure that the transverse positioning component 14 and the longitudinal positioning component 15 can be stably assembled on the rotating seat 12 and to achieve effective clamping and positioning of the workpiece in the assembly port 121, the following technical solution is provided.

[0047] The transverse positioning assembly 14 includes a transmission roller A141, an adjusting screw A142, a guide shaft A143, an adjusting motor A144, and two sets of symmetrically arranged sliding brackets A145. The adjusting screw A142 and the guide shaft A143 are assembled into the assembly port 121 and kept parallel. Multiple sets of symmetrically arranged transmission rollers A141 are rotatably mounted on each of the two sets of sliding brackets A145. The adjusting screw A142 is screwed to the two sets of sliding brackets A145, the guide shaft A143 is slidably inserted to the two sets of sliding brackets A145, and the adjusting motor A144 is screwed to the adjusting screw A142.

[0048] The longitudinal positioning assembly 15 includes a transmission roller B151, an adjusting screw B152, a guide shaft B153, an adjusting motor B154, and two sets of symmetrically arranged sliding brackets B155. The adjusting screw B152 and the guide shaft B153 are assembled into the assembly port 121 and are both perpendicular to the adjusting screw A142 and the guide shaft B153. Multiple sets of symmetrically arranged transmission rollers B151 are rotatably mounted on each of the two sets of sliding brackets B155. The transmission rollers B151 are perpendicular to the transmission roller A141. The adjusting screw B152 is screwed into the two sets of sliding brackets B155. The guide shaft B153 is slidably inserted into the two sets of sliding brackets B155. The adjusting motor B154 is screwed into the adjusting screw B152.

[0049] To achieve stable driving and guiding of sliding brackets A145 and B155, two sets of adjusting screws A142 and B152, as well as guide shafts A143 and B153, are symmetrically arranged and set in the assembly port 121. The setting of guide shafts A143 and B153 can ensure that the sliding brackets A145 and B155 slide stably in the set direction, so as to achieve effective clamping or loosening of the workpiece.

[0050] Each set of adjusting screws A142 and B152 is provided with two sections of threaded grooves with opposite helical directions. The two sections of threaded grooves are respectively screwed into the corresponding sliding brackets A145 and B155, which can drive the two sets of sliding brackets A145 and B155 to always maintain opposite equidistant movement. In turn, in conjunction with the assembled transmission rollers A141 and B151, the workpiece is effectively clamped and positioned so that the axis of the workpiece coincides with the axis of the rotating seat 12, thereby enabling the workpiece to be stably fed linearly and rotated along the X-axis.

[0051] Both sets of adjusting screws A142 have a synchronous pulley A146 fixed to the same end. The two sets of synchronous pulleys A146 achieve synchronous operation through a synchronous belt. The adjusting motor A144 is directly connected to one of the adjusting screws A142, and the adjusting motor A144 drives the two sets of adjusting screws A142 to always maintain synchronous operation.

[0052] Similarly, both sets of adjusting screws B152 have a synchronous pulley B156 fixedly connected to the same end. The two sets of synchronous pulleys B156 rotate synchronously via a synchronous belt. The adjusting motor B154 is directly connected to one of the adjusting screws B152, thereby driving the two sets of adjusting screws B152 to always maintain synchronous operation. The adjusting motors A144 and B154 are both fixedly installed in the rotating base 12.

[0053] It should also be noted that, in order to avoid spatial motion interference between the sliding brackets A145, B155 and the transmission rollers A141 and B151 mounted thereon, clearance openings are provided on the sliding brackets A145 and B155 to ensure that the sliding brackets A145 and B155 do not interfere with each other's running trajectories in three-dimensional space, and that the transmission rollers A141 and B151 are arranged alternately in the X-axis direction to ensure the stable operation of the transverse positioning component 14 and the longitudinal positioning component 15.

[0054] To ensure that the X-axis feed assembly 16 can be poweredly connected to the transverse positioning assembly 14 and the longitudinal positioning assembly 15, and to drive the transmission rollers A141 and B151 to rotate synchronously, so as to drive the clamped and positioned workpiece to be stably fed along the X-axis, the following technical solution is provided: The X-axis feed assembly 16 includes a splined shaft A161, a splined shaft B162, a drive motor A163, a drive motor B164, a drive bevel gear A165, and a drive bevel gear B166. Splined shafts A161 and B162 are rotatably mounted in the assembly port 121 and are parallel to guide shafts A143 and B153, respectively. Drive motors A163 and B164 are poweredly connected to splined shafts A161 and B162, respectively.

[0055] Drive bevel gears A165 and B166 are rotatably mounted on sliding brackets A145 and B155, respectively. Drive bevel gears A165 and B166 are slidably connected to spline shafts A161 and B162, respectively. Each set of transmission rollers A141 on sliding bracket A145 is powered, and each set of transmission rollers B151 on sliding bracket B155 is powered. One set of transmission rollers A141 on sliding bracket A145 is fixedly connected to a transmission bevel gear A147 that meshes with drive bevel gear A165, and one set of transmission rollers B151 on sliding bracket B155 is fixedly connected to a transmission bevel gear B157 that meshes with drive bevel gear B166.

[0056] Each set of drive rollers A141 has a synchronous pulley a148 fixedly connected to the same end. The synchronous pulleys a148, which are located on the same sliding bracket A145, operate synchronously via a synchronous belt. Similarly, each set of drive rollers B151 has a synchronous pulley b158 fixedly connected to the same end. The synchronous pulleys b158, which are located on the same sliding bracket B155, operate synchronously via a synchronous belt.

[0057] Since spline shaft A161 is perpendicular to drive roller A141, and spline shaft B162 is perpendicular to drive roller B151, the combination of drive bevel gear A165 and drive bevel gear A147, and drive bevel gear B166 and drive bevel gear B157, can stably transmit the power of spline shaft A161 and spline shaft B162 to each set of drive rollers A141 and drive roller B151, thereby ensuring that each set of drive rollers A141 and drive roller B151 always maintains stable operation.

[0058] It should also be noted that the drive bevel gears A165 on the two sets of sliding supports A145 are symmetrically arranged, and the drive bevel gears B166 on the two sets of sliding supports B155 are symmetrically arranged. When power is transmitted to each transmission roller A141 and transmission roller B151, it can ensure that the transmission rollers A141 on the two sets of sliding supports A145 maintain reverse and constant speed operation, and ensure that the transmission rollers B151 on the two sets of sliding supports B155 maintain reverse and constant speed operation. By controlling the drive motors A163 and B164 to maintain constant speed operation, the workpiece clamped between each transmission roller A141 and transmission roller B151 can be stably fed linearly along the X-axis.

[0059] After the workpiece is cut off by the cutting head 2, the X-axis feed components 16 in the two sets of positioning and feeding modules 1 are controlled to run at different speeds, so that the workpieces at both ends can be separated from the break. This makes it easier for the grinding head 3 driven by the dual-axis feed module 5 to extend into the break position, and achieve efficient grinding of the cut end under the operation of each feed component.

[0060] Example 4 Please see Figure 1 , Figure 10 To ensure that the dual-axis feed module 5 can drive the switching module 4, cutting head 2, and grinding head 3 to feed stably along the Y-axis and Z-axis, the following technical solution is provided: The dual-axis feed module 5 includes a Y-axis feed assembly 51 and a Z-axis feed assembly 52. ​​The Z-axis feed assembly 52 is mounted on the movable part of the Y-axis feed assembly 51, and a switching module 4 is mounted on the movable part of the Z-axis feed assembly 52.

[0061] Both the Y-axis feed assembly 51 and the Z-axis feed assembly 52 use a linear travel mechanism with a lead screw and slider for position adjustment, thereby achieving precise feed and position adjustment in the Y and Z axes to ensure precise cutting and efficient grinding of the workpiece by the switching module 4, the cutting head 2, and the grinding head 3.

[0062] Example 5 Please see Figures 10-15 To ensure that the first-stage reversing assembly 41 can be stably assembled and reversing adjusted on the Z-axis feed assembly 52, and to ensure that the second-stage reversing assembly 42 and the cutting head 2 can be stably assembled and reversing in coordination on the first-stage reversing assembly 41, the following technical solutions are provided: The first-stage reversing assembly 41 includes a reversing support 411 and a reversing motor 412. Both the reversing support 411 and the reversing motor 412 are mounted on the moving parts of the Z-axis feed assembly 52. ​​The reversing motor 412 is connected to the reversing support 411. The second-stage reversing assembly 42 and the cutting head 2 are respectively mounted on both ends of the reversing support 411.

[0063] The reversing motor 412 is equipped with a reduction gearbox 413 with one-way self-locking to amplify the torque of the reversing motor 412 and drive the reversing support 411 to operate stably. After the reversing work is completed, the reversing motor 412 stops, which allows the cutting head 2 and the secondary reversing assembly 42 to maintain a specific posture for operation.

[0064] The reversing head uses a laser cutting machine, which uses the concentrated energy of the laser to cut the workpiece accurately and efficiently.

[0065] To ensure the stable assembly of the secondary reversing assembly 42 on the reversing support 411 and to achieve precise reversing of each grinding head 3, the following technical solution is provided: The secondary reversing assembly 42 includes a rotating disk 421, a positioning fixture 422, and a matching combination of a worm gear 423 and a worm 424. The rotating disk 421 is rotatably mounted on a reversing support 411. Multiple sets of positioning fixtures 422 arranged in a circular array are rotatably mounted on the reversing support 411. Each set of positioning fixtures 422 is fixedly mounted with a grinding head 3 arranged on the outside of the rotating disk 421. The worm gear 423 and the worm 424 are rotatably mounted on the reversing support 411 and arranged in the rotating disk 421. The worm 424 is coaxially arranged with the grinding head 3 in the working position. The worm gear 423 is coaxially fixedly connected to a transmission gear A425. A transmission gear B426 that meshes with the transmission gear A425 is fixedly connected to the axis of the rotating disk 421.

[0066] The grinding head 3 and the cutting head 2 in the working position are arranged on the same axis, and each grinding head 3 and the corresponding positioning fixture 422 are arranged radially along the rotating disk 421, while the worm gear 424 is arranged coaxially with it. Therefore, the axis of the worm wheel 423 must be eccentrically arranged with the axis of the rotating disk 421. Through the cooperation of the transmission gear A425 and the transmission gear B426, the power of the worm wheel 423 can be stably transmitted to the rotating disk 421 and rotate stably around the axis of the rotating disk 421.

[0067] The transmission gears A425 and B426 are helical or herringbone gears, which ensures uninterrupted and stable power transmission, thereby improving the stability of the rotating disk 421 when switching between the positioning fixture 422 and the grinding head 3. Furthermore, the worm gear 423 and worm 424 have the characteristics of speed reduction and torque increase, as well as one-way self-locking. When the worm 424 is stationary, the worm gear 423 is restricted by the worm 424, keeping it stationary along with the rotating disk 421. This ensures stable power transmission between the drive assembly 43 and the grinding head 3 and positioning fixture 422 at the work station.

[0068] To ensure the stable assembly of the drive assembly 43 and to achieve a stable power connection with the secondary commutation assembly 42 and the grinding head 3, the following technical solution is provided: Drive assembly 43 includes a drive motor C431, a drive shaft 432, a transmission shaft 433, a locking connector 434, a splined shaft C435, an electromagnet 436, a permanent magnet 437, and two sets of ratchet mechanisms 438 arranged in opposite directions. The drive motor C431 is fixedly mounted on the reversing support 411. The drive shaft 432 passes through the worm gear 424 and is connected to the drive motor C431. The input ends of both sets of ratchet mechanisms 438 are connected to the drive shaft 432. The output ends of the two sets of ratchet mechanisms 438 are connected to the worm gear 424 and the drive shaft 433 respectively. An electromagnet 436 is provided on the periphery of the drive shaft 433. The spline shaft C435 is coaxially fixed to the locking joint 434 and slidably inserted into the axis of the drive shaft 433. The permanent magnet 437 is fixedly installed on the locking joint 434 and is coaxially opposite to the electromagnet 436. Each set of positioning clamps 422 is fixedly connected with a locking groove 427 that can be nested and locked with the locking joint 434.

[0069] The output shaft of the drive motor C431 can be directly coupled coaxially with the drive shaft 432, or, due to layout constraints, can be connected via a bevel gear set 4311 to drive the drive shaft 432 to operate stably. The ratchet mechanism 438 includes an inner ratchet 4381 and a pawl 4382 that meshes with the inner ratchet 4381. The pawl 4382, as the power input end, is mounted on the periphery of the drive shaft 432 and is driven to unfold outward by a matching spring 4383 to mesh with the corresponding inner ratchet 4381. The inner ratchet 4381 in the two ratchet mechanisms 438 are fixedly connected to the worm gear 424 and the transmission shaft 433, respectively.

[0070] When the drive shaft 432 is rotated in the forward or reverse direction, it can drive the worm gear 424 and the transmission shaft 433 to operate independently. Since the spline shaft C435 and the transmission shaft 433 are slidably connected, the spline shaft C435 and the locking head can always receive the power from the transmission shaft 433 to operate synchronously.

[0071] Electromagnet 436 is fixedly installed on reversing support 411. By applying opposite current to it, attractive and repulsive forces are applied to locking connector 434, which is equipped with permanent magnet 437. When electromagnet 436 pushes permanent magnet 437 and locking connector 434 outward, locking connector 434 can lock with the grinding head 3 in the working position and the locking groove 427 on the corresponding positioning fixture 422, thereby stably transmitting power to grinding head 3. When electromagnet 436 attracts permanent magnet and locking connector 434 inward, locking connector 434 separates from the corresponding locking groove 427. At this time, rotating disk 421 can rotate stably after power is applied and the grinding head 3 can be replaced.

[0072] To prevent the permanent magnet 437 from rigidly colliding with the electromagnet 436 when it approaches, a buffer pad 4361 can be installed on the outer end of the permanent magnet 437.

[0073] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from its spirit or essential characteristics. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as exemplary and non-limiting, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within the present invention. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

[0074] Furthermore, it should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative style is merely for clarity. Those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A cutting and grinding device for machining mechanical parts, characterized in that, include: Positioning and feeding module (1), the positioning and feeding module (1) includes two sets arranged coaxially and symmetrically. The two sets of positioning and feeding modules (1) are used to clamp and position the workpiece being cut, and to perform linear feed in the X-axis and rotation adjustment around the workpiece axis. It also includes a cutting head (2), a grinding head (3), and a switching module (4). The switching module (4) includes a primary reversing component (41), a secondary reversing component (42), and a drive component (43). The cutting head (2) and the secondary switching component are both mounted on the primary reversing component (41) and their positions are switched. The secondary switching component is equipped with multiple sets of grinding heads (3) of different models and its position is switched so that a specific grinding head (3) is adjusted to the working position. The drive component (43) can be powered to the grinding head (3) or the secondary reversing component (42) in the working position and drive it to run. A dual-axis feeding module (5) is assembled between two sets of positioning and feeding modules (1) and is used to assemble the switching module (4). The dual-axis feeding module (5) is used to drive the switching module (4) to perform linear feeding along the Y-axis or Z-axis.

2. The cutting and grinding device for machining mechanical parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a mounting cover (6), in which the positioning feeding module (1) and the dual-axis feeding module (5) are both assembled. An operation window (61) is provided on the front side of the mounting cover (6), and feeding ports (62) that are coaxially aligned with the positioning feeding module (1) are provided on both sides of the mounting cover (6).

3. The cutting and grinding device for machining mechanical parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The positioning and feeding module (1) includes a mounting base (11), a rotating base (12), a rotating feed assembly (13), a transverse positioning assembly (14), a longitudinal positioning assembly (15), and an X-axis feed assembly (16). The rotating base (12) is rotatably mounted on the mounting base (11) and has an assembly port (121) at its axis for the workpiece to pass through normally. The transverse positioning assembly (14), the longitudinal positioning assembly (15), and the X-axis feed assembly (16) are all mounted on the rotating base (12). The rotary feed assembly (13) includes an external gear ring (131) fixed to the rotating seat (12) and a drive gear (132) rotatably mounted on the mounting base (11). The drive gear (132) meshes with the external gear ring (131). The drive gears (132) in the two sets of positioning and feeding modules (1) are coaxially fixed through the connecting shaft (133). The two sets of positioning and feeding modules (1) are also equipped with a geared motor (134). The geared motor (134) is powered to the connecting shaft (133).

4. The cutting and grinding device for machining mechanical parts according to claim 3, characterized in that: The transverse positioning assembly (14) includes a transmission roller A (141), an adjusting screw A (142), a guide shaft A (143), an adjusting motor A (144), and two sets of symmetrically arranged sliding brackets A (145). The adjusting screw A (142) and the guide shaft A (143) are assembled into the assembly port (121) and kept parallel. Multiple sets of symmetrically arranged transmission rollers A (141) are rotatably mounted on each of the two sets of sliding brackets A (145). The adjusting screw A (142) is screwed to the two sets of sliding brackets A (145). The guide shaft A (143) is slidably inserted to the two sets of sliding brackets A (145). The adjusting motor A (144) is screwed to the adjusting screw A (142). The longitudinal positioning assembly (15) includes a transmission roller B (151), an adjusting screw B (152), a guide shaft B (153), an adjusting motor B (154), and two sets of symmetrically arranged sliding brackets B (155). The adjusting screw B (152) and the guide shaft B (153) are assembled into the assembly port (121) and are both perpendicular to the adjusting screw A (142) and the guide shaft B (153). Multiple sets of symmetrically arranged transmission rollers B (151) are rotatably mounted on the two sets of sliding brackets B (155). The transmission rollers B (151) are perpendicular to the transmission roller A (141). The adjusting screw B (152) is screwed to the two sets of sliding brackets B (155). The guide shaft B (153) is slidably inserted to the two sets of sliding brackets B (155). The adjusting motor B (154) is screwed to the adjusting screw B (152).

5. The cutting and grinding device for machining mechanical parts according to claim 4, characterized in that: The X-axis feed assembly (16) includes a spline shaft A (161), a spline shaft B (162), a drive motor A (163), a drive motor B (164), a drive bevel gear A (165), and a drive bevel gear B (166). The spline shaft A (161) and the spline shaft B (162) are rotatably mounted in the assembly port (121) and are parallel to the guide shaft A (143) and the guide shaft B (153), respectively. The drive motor A (163) and the drive motor B (164) are poweredly connected to the spline shaft A (161) and the spline shaft B (162), respectively. The driving bevel gear A (165) and driving bevel gear B (166) are rotatably mounted on the sliding bracket A (145) and sliding bracket B (155), respectively. The driving bevel gear A (165) and driving bevel gear B (166) are slidably connected to the spline shaft A (161) and spline shaft B (162), respectively. The transmission rollers A (141) on the sliding bracket A (145) are connected to each other. The transmission rollers B (151) on the sliding bracket B (155) are connected to each other. One of the transmission rollers A (141) on the sliding bracket A (145) is fixedly connected to a transmission bevel gear A (147) that meshes with the driving bevel gear A (165). One of the transmission rollers B (151) on the sliding bracket B (155) is fixedly connected to a transmission bevel gear B (157) that meshes with the driving bevel gear B (166).

6. The cutting and grinding device for machining mechanical parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dual-axis feed module (5) includes a Y-axis feed assembly (51) and a Z-axis feed assembly (52). The Z-axis feed assembly (52) is mounted on the movable part of the Y-axis feed assembly (51), and the switching module (4) is mounted on the movable part of the Z-axis feed assembly (52).

7. The cutting and grinding device for machining mechanical parts according to claim 6, characterized in that: The first-stage reversing assembly (41) includes a reversing support (411) and a reversing motor (412). The reversing support (411) and the reversing motor (412) are both mounted on the moving parts of the Z-axis feed assembly (52). The reversing motor (412) and the reversing support (411) are connected by power. The second-stage reversing assembly (42) and the cutting head (2) are respectively mounted on both ends of the reversing support (411).

8. The cutting and grinding device for machining mechanical parts according to claim 7, characterized in that: The secondary reversing assembly (42) includes a rotating disk (421), positioning fixtures (422), and a matching combination of worm gear (423) and worm (424). The rotating disk (421) is rotatably mounted on the reversing support (411). Multiple sets of positioning fixtures (422) arranged in a circular array are rotatably mounted on the reversing support (411). Each set of positioning fixtures (422) is fixedly mounted with the worm gear arranged on the outside of the rotating disk (421). The grinding head (3), the worm wheel (423) and the worm (424) are rotatably mounted on the reversing support (411) and arranged in the rotating disk (421). The worm (424) is coaxially arranged with the grinding head (3) in the working position. The worm wheel (423) is coaxially fixed with the transmission gear A (425). The rotating disk (421) is fixed with the transmission gear B (426) that meshes with the transmission gear A (425) at the axis.

9. The cutting and grinding device for machining mechanical parts according to claim 8, characterized in that: The drive assembly (43) includes a drive motor C (431), a drive shaft (432), a transmission shaft (433), a locking connector (434), a splined shaft C (435), an electromagnet (436), a permanent magnet (437), and two sets of ratchet mechanisms (438) arranged in opposite directions. The drive motor C (431) is fixedly mounted on the reversing support (411). The drive shaft (432) passes through the worm gear (424) and is connected to the drive motor C (431). The input ends of the two sets of ratchet mechanisms (438) are connected to the drive shaft (432). The output ends of the two sets of ratchet mechanisms (438) are connected to the worm (424) and the transmission shaft (433) respectively. The electromagnet (436) is provided on the periphery of the transmission shaft (433). The spline shaft C (435) is coaxially fixed to the locking joint (434) and slidably inserted into the axis of the transmission shaft (433). The permanent magnet (437) is fixedly installed on the locking joint (434) and is coaxially opposite to the electromagnet (436). Each set of positioning clamps (422) is fixedly connected to a locking groove (427) that can be nested and locked with the locking joint (434).

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