Device for preventing and controlling water and soil loss of terraced field

Abstract

The invention discloses a device for preventing and treating water and soil loss of a terrace, and belongs to the technical field of water and soil loss prevention of the terrace. The drainage assembly comprises a side ditch drainage groove, a field surface drainage groove, a drainage concealed pipe and a drainage concealed pipe, the side ditch drainage groove is arranged along the side ditch, the field surface drainage groove is arranged along the field surface, and the field surface drainage groove is used for communicating two side ditch drainage grooves of the same field surface; the drainage concealed pipe is pre-buried in the ridge and transversely penetrates through the section of the ridge; the drainage concealed pipes are pre-buried in a ridge and arranged in the extending direction of the ridge, the end of each drainage concealed pipe is connected with the drainage concealed pipe opposite to the drainage concealed pipe, a drainage adjusting assembly is arranged between each drainage concealed pipe and the side ditch drainage groove, and the drainage adjusting assemblies are used for controlling the drainage state of the drainage concealed pipes. The problem of water and soil loss in the terraced field in the prior art is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of terraced field soil and water conservation technology, and particularly relates to a device for preventing soil and water loss in terraced fields. Background Technology

[0002] Soil erosion refers to the process by which soil and its parent material are destroyed, eroded, transported, and deposited under the influence of natural forces such as water, wind, and gravity, or by unreasonable human activities.

[0003] Terraced fields, with their wavy cross-sections, are situated with one side facing a mountain and surrounded by ridges. Once it rains, the terraces are prone to excessive water accumulation. Furthermore, the stepped structure of the terraces means that water accumulated in the fields overflows from the ridges and flows down the slopes, repeatedly eroding the slopes and their base. Simultaneously, the soil on the surface, ridges, and slopes is continuously eroded and transported, leading to soil erosion. Additionally, the inability to effectively drain rainwater causes significant damage to crops. Current technologies primarily focus on radial reinforcement of one side of the slope to prevent soil erosion in terraced fields. However, the ridges and the inner slopes adjacent to the field are not protected. While this method can prevent soil erosion within the terraces to some extent, single-sided reinforcement is not stable and remains at risk of collapse over time. Moreover, existing drainage systems aim to quickly and completely remove rainwater, neglecting the fact that the terraced soil also needs to collect and absorb a certain amount of water to provide nutrients for crops. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a device for preventing soil erosion in terraced fields in order to solve the problem of soil erosion in the prior art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a device for preventing soil erosion in terraced fields, comprising a retaining wall structure for protecting the field ridges; a drainage assembly including a side ditch drainage channel, a field surface drainage channel, a drainage culvert, and a drainage pipe, wherein the side ditch drainage channel is arranged along the side ditch, the field surface drainage channel is arranged along the field surface, the field surface drainage channel is used to connect two side ditch drainage channels on the same field surface, the drainage culvert is pre-embedded in the field ridge and crosses the cross section of the field ridge; the drainage culvert is pre-embedded in the field ridge, the drainage culvert is arranged along the extension direction of the field ridge, the end of each drainage culvert is connected to its opposite drainage culvert, and a drainage regulating component is provided between the drainage culvert and the side ditch drainage channel, the drainage regulating component being used to control the drainage state of the drainage culvert.

[0006] As a further description of the above technical solution: the retaining wall structure includes a top plate, connecting side plates, and slope protection plates. The top plate is laid horizontally on the top of the field ridge. The connecting side plates are set on the front and rear sides of the top plate and attached to the side of the field ridge. The top plate and the two connecting side plates connected to it form an "H" shape. The area above the top plate and between the two connecting side plates is backfilled with soil. The slope protection plates are set along the slope of the field ridge. The slope protection plates located at the top of the slope are connected to their corresponding connecting side plates, and the slope protection plates located at the bottom of the slope are connected to their corresponding side ditch drainage channels.

[0007] As a further description of the above technical solution: the top plate has an installation notch on its side, a connecting shaft is provided in the installation notch, a connector is provided on the connecting side plate, and the connector is adapted to and snapped into the connecting shaft.

[0008] As a further description of the above technical solution: the top plate includes an outer frame plate and a main plate. The main plate is adapted to the annular area enclosed by the outer frame plate. The mounting notch is opened on the outer frame plate. The inner side of the annular area of ​​the outer frame plate is provided with a positioning hole communicating with the mounting notch. A positioning pin is provided in the positioning hole.

[0009] As a further description of the above technical solution: the lower end of the connecting side plate is provided with a first outer overlap edge, the upper end of the slope protection plate is provided with an inner overlap edge, the lower end of the slope protection plate is provided with a second outer overlap edge, a connecting plate is provided on one side of the side ditch drainage channel, the first outer overlap edge is connected to the inner overlap edge of the slope protection plate located at the top of the slope, the second outer overlap edge of the slope protection plate is connected to the inner overlap edge of the slope protection plate located below it, and the connecting plate is connected to the second outer overlap edge of the slope protection plate located at the bottom of the slope.

[0010] As a further description of the above technical solution: the bottom of the side ditch and the side wall facing the field surface are provided with water-permeable holes, and the outer periphery of the side ditch is covered with a filter layer, which is geotextile or non-woven fabric.

[0011] As a further description of the above technical solution: a super-level drainage pipe is provided at the bottom of the drainage pipe, one end of which is connected to the drainage pipe and the other end extends to the drainage ditch of the next field surface.

[0012] As a further description of the above technical solution: the side ditch drainage channel set at the root of the outer slope of the field ridge is composed of multiple first transverse drainage channels connected in sequence; the side ditch drainage channel set at the root of the inner slope of the field ridge is composed of multiple second transverse drainage channels connected in sequence; the intersection of the field surface drainage channel and the first transverse drainage channel is the first drainage point; the intersection of the field surface drainage channel and the second transverse drainage channel is the second drainage point; the second drainage point corresponds to the inlet of the drainage pipe; a filter screen is installed at the inlet of the drainage pipe; the inlet of the drainage pipe is higher than the lowest point of the second drainage point; the outlet of the drainage pipe corresponds to the first transverse drainage channel of the next field ditch as the third drainage point; the first drainage point is the deepest point of the first transverse drainage channel; the second drainage point is the deepest point of the second transverse drainage channel; and the third drainage point is the shallowest point of the first transverse drainage channel.

[0013] As a further description of the above technical solution: the drainage regulating component includes a first baffle, a second baffle, and a float. The first baffle is disposed at the outlet of the drainage pipe and has a first outlet hole. A plug-in hole is provided between the first baffle and the outlet of the drainage pipe. The second baffle is slidably disposed in the plug-in hole and has a second outlet hole corresponding to the first outlet hole on the first baffle. The float is located in the first transverse drainage groove below the outlet of the drainage pipe. The float and the second baffle are connected by a connecting rod. The end of the drainage pipe is located inside the drainage pipe and is provided with a check valve. The valve disc of the check valve is provided with a toggle tongue at the end away from the rotating shaft. The second baffle is provided with a toggle rod, which is arranged along the length of the drainage pipe, and the rod body is located below the toggle tongue.

[0014] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: (1) The retaining wall structure of this application can effectively reinforce the field ridge, prevent soil loss and local collapse when rainwater washes the field ridge, and the soil layer set on the top of the ridge can be planted normally, making the soil stabilization capacity of the top of the ridge stronger. At the same time, it can strengthen the stability of the top plate and the connecting side plate. In addition, when farmers walk on the top of the field ridge during cultivation, they do not directly act on the top plate, reducing damage to the top plate.

[0015] (2) The side panels, slope protection panels and drainage ditches are connected together from bottom to top to ensure the integrity of the whole and make the protection effect on the field ridge better.

[0016] (3) The first transverse drainage ditch, the field surface drainage ditch, the second transverse drainage ditch, together with the drainage culvert, the drainage pipe, the bypass drainage pipe, and the drainage adjustment components, can ensure stable drainage at all locations along the field surface ditches and avoid large-scale local water accumulation. This not only prevents the aggravation of local flooding in the next layer of the field, but also prevents local flooding in the current layer caused by the blockage of the drainage culvert.

[0017] (4) The angle can be adjusted when connecting the side plate and the top plate to adapt to different slopes of the field ridge, making the retaining structure more adaptable to different terraces.

[0018] (5) The permeable holes of the side ditch drainage channel can seep water into the deep soil of the field, and the super-level drainage pipe of the drainage culvert can also seep water into the deep soil of the field, ensuring that rainwater can enter the deep soil of the field and absorb the trace elements in the rainwater, which helps to enhance soil fertility. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention, showing only a partial area; Figure 2 for Figure 1 Enlarged view at point B in the middle; Figure 3 for Figure 1 The sectional view at point AA only captures a portion of the invention that fully demonstrates its local scope. Figure 4 for Figure 3 Enlarged view at point C; Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the same field surface and the two field ridges above and below, according to the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly state of the top plate and the connecting side plate of the present invention; Figure 7 This is an exploded view of the top plate and connecting side plate of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram showing the assembly state of the drainage pipe, drainage regulating component, and condensate drain pipe of the present invention. Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram showing the installation state of the check valve at the end of the drainage pipe of the present invention located inside the drainage pipe. Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the slope protection board and the drainage ditch of the present invention; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram illustrating another connection between the slope protection board and the side ditch drainage channel of the present invention; Figure 12 This is a diagram showing the connection state between the slope protection panels of the present invention; Figure 13 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the drainage ditch of the present invention.

[0020] Legend: 1. Field surface; 2. Field ridge; 3. Soil layer; 4. Embankment structure; 41. Top plate; 411. Outer frame plate; 4111. Connecting hole; 4112. Connecting shaft; 4113. Positioning hole; 4114. Positioning pin; 412. Main plate; 42. Connecting side plate; 421. Connector; 422. First outer overlap flange; 43. Slope protection plate; 431. Inner overlap flange; 432. Second outer overlap flange; 5. Drainage pipe; 51. Filter screen; 6. 61. Drainage pipe; 7. Surface drainage ditch; 8. Side ditch drainage ditch; 81. Connecting plate; 82. Water-permeable hole; 9. First baffle; 10. Second baffle; 11. First outlet hole; 12. Second outlet hole; 13. Insertion hole; 14. Connecting rod; 15. Float ball; 16. First drainage point; 17. Second drainage point; 18. Third drainage point; 19. Check valve; 20. Valve disc; 21. Actuating tongue; 22. Actuating rod. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] Please see Figure 1-13 This invention provides a technical solution for a device used to prevent soil erosion in terraced fields: A device for preventing soil erosion in terraced fields includes a retaining wall structure 4, which is installed along the extension direction of the field ridge 2. The retaining wall structure 4 is used to protect the entire field ridge 2, providing all-round protection and improving the strength and stability of the field surface.

[0023] like Figure 1-7 As shown, the retaining wall structure 4 includes a top slab 41, connecting side slabs 42, and slope protection slabs 43. All three are precast concrete slabs. The top slab 41 includes an outer frame slab 411 and a main slab 412. The outer frame slab 411 is a U-shaped slab. The top slab 41 is laid on top of the field ridge 2. The connecting side slabs 42 are positioned one in front of the other on the front and back sides of the top slab 41. One connecting side slab 42 is fitted to and tightly fitted with the outer slope of the field ridge 2, and the other side slab is fitted to and tightly fitted with the inner slope of the field ridge 2. Each connecting side slab 42 is connected to two top slabs 41 extending along the field ridge 2.

[0024] To ensure the stability of the field ridge 2, the outer slope and inner slope of the field ridge 2 are usually set with a slope. Therefore, the connection between the connecting side plate 42 and the main board 412 in this application is movable and adjustable, so that the connecting side plate 42 can be installed according to the slope.

[0025] Specifically, the outer frame plate 411 has an installation notch, and a connecting shaft 4112 along the length of the outer frame plate 411 is provided in the installation notch. A connecting hole 4111 is formed between the connecting shaft 4112 and the outer frame plate 411. In this embodiment, four connecting shafts 4112 are provided on both the front and rear sides of the top plate 41. A connecting member 421 corresponding to the connecting shaft 4112 is provided on the connecting side plate 42. Specifically, the connecting member 421 is an "L"-shaped rod. One end of the connecting member 421 is inserted into the connecting hole 4111, and the other end is connected to the connecting side plate 42. The corner of the connecting member 421 is adapted to the connecting shaft 4112.

[0026] In order to ensure that the connecting side plate 42 remains at a fixed angle and does not rotate after being installed on the top plate 41 and adapted to the slope of the field ridge 2, a positioning hole 4113 communicating with the installation notch is provided on the inner side of the annular area of ​​the outer frame plate 411. A sliding positioning pin 4114 is provided in the positioning hole 4113. The upper part of the positioning pin 4114 facing the annular area of ​​the outer frame plate 411 is set as a wedge-shaped surface. When the main plate 412 is installed in the annular area of ​​the outer frame plate 411, the side of the main plate 412 drives the positioning pin 4114 to move toward the connector 421 until it is pressed against the connector 421, so that the connecting side plate 42 can no longer rotate.

[0027] The top plate 41 and its two connecting side plates 42 are connected together to form an "H" shape. The concave area formed above the top plate 41 and between the two connecting side plates 42 is backfilled with soil layer 3. Planting vegetation in this soil layer 3 can enhance the soil stabilization capacity of the embankment top.

[0028] The slope protection board 43 is set on the slope of the field ridge 2. The lower end of the connecting side plate 42 is provided with a first outer overlap edge 422, the upper end of the slope protection board 43 is provided with an inner overlap edge 431, and the lower end of the slope protection board 43 is provided with a second outer overlap edge 432. The slope protection board 43 located at the top of the slope is connected to its corresponding connecting side plate 42. Specifically, the inner overlap edge 431 of the slope protection board 43 is pressed down and connected together by the first outer overlap edge 422 of the connecting side plate 42. The slope protection board 43 is set sequentially from top to bottom along the slope. The second outer overlap edge 432 of the slope protection board 43 is connected to the inner overlap edge 431 of the slope protection board 43 set below it. In this embodiment, the slope protection plate 43 is connected to the two connecting side plates 42 above it or to the two slope protection plates 43 below it. The slope protection plates 43 are connected to each other and to the connecting side plates 42 via connecting bolts or wooden dowels. In this embodiment, wooden dowels are used (not shown in the figure). Since each adjacent slope protection plate 43 connected to the two slope protection plates 43 above / below it is staggered, no further active connection is needed to ensure a tight fit between adjacent slope protection plates 43 along the extension direction of the field ridge 2. Furthermore, this overlapping method ensures that the upper edge is always "pressed down" by the upper structure, and the forces in the vertical direction of the slope (such as gravity and the scouring force of rainwater infiltration) are smoothly transmitted downwards, avoiding stress concentration.

[0029] To ensure a tight and secure connection between the slope protection board 43 and the field ridge 2, anchor piles (not shown in the figure) are added. The anchor piles are made of wood, which further securely fixes the slope protection board 43 to the slope.

[0030] It also includes drainage components, which include side ditch drainage channels 8, field surface drainage channels 7, drainage culverts 5, and drainage pipes 6, wherein the side ditch drainage channels 8, field surface drainage channels 7, and drainage culverts 5 are all precast concrete. The side ditch drainage channels 8 located at the base of the outer slope are composed of multiple first transverse drainage channels connected in sequence, and the side ditch drainage channels 8 located at the base of the inner slope are composed of multiple second transverse drainage channels connected in sequence.

[0031] like Figure 12 As shown, a connecting plate 81 is provided on one side of the drainage ditch 8. The connecting plate 81 is used to connect with the slope protection plate 43 or the connecting side plate 42.

[0032] In this embodiment, each drainage ditch 8 is connected to two slope protection plates 43 or two connecting side plates 42. Specifically, the connecting plate 81 of the drainage ditch 8 located at the root of the outer slope is connected to the second outer overlap edge 432 of the slope protection plate 43, and the connecting plate 81 of the drainage ditch 8 located at the root of the inner slope is connected to the first outer overlap edge 422 of its corresponding connecting side plate 42. The bottom of the retaining wall structure (connecting side plate 42 or the lowest slope protection plate 43) is firmly connected to the drainage ditch 8 through the connecting plate 81, providing a solid "foundation" for the entire retaining wall structure. As a precast concrete component, the drainage ditch 8 has significant mass and stability, effectively anchoring the slope toe of the retaining wall structure.

[0033] After the retaining wall structure 4 of this application is connected to the drainage ditch 8 located at the bottom of the slope, the slope protection plate 43 or the connecting side plate 42 and the drainage ditch 8 are fixed by overlapping from top to bottom, which makes the retaining wall structure 4 more integral and provides better protection for the field ridge 2. From the "H"-shaped top cover at the top, to the slope protection on both sides, and finally to the drainage ditch at the bottom, they together form a closed, hoop-like reinforced frame that tightly wraps the field ridge soil, significantly improving its overall rigidity and stability.

[0034] The bottom and / or sidewalls facing the field surface 1 of the drainage ditch 8 are provided with permeable holes 82. In this embodiment, the bottom and sidewalls facing the field surface 1 of the drainage ditch 8 are provided with permeable holes 82. These permeable holes 82 form a large-area infiltration interface. The outer periphery of the drainage ditch 8 is covered with a filter layer (not shown in the figure), which is geotextile or non-woven fabric (not shown in the figure). In light rain or the initial stage of rainfall, the runoff in the ditch is small and the water flow is slow. Rainwater collects in the drainage ditch 8, but the water level is low, failing to form a strong flow for rapid outward discharge. Most of the water slowly seeps out through the permeable holes 82 on the bottom and sidewalls under the action of gravity. This structure changes the traditional drainage ditch's "only discharges, does not store" working mode. It preferentially and actively infiltrates the collected rainwater into the soil of the field surface 1, especially directly wetting the soil there through the permeable holes on the sidewalls. This process provides the necessary water for crop growth and realizes "rainwater resource utilization". As rainwater infiltrates the soil, it carries dissolved air, nitrogen, and other trace elements into the soil (especially when rainfall is light, rainwater cannot penetrate deeper layers, but the permeable holes allow rainwater to directly infiltrate into the soil at that location). This helps improve the soil's physical and chemical properties, gradually increasing soil fertility and reducing reliance on artificial fertilization. In moderate or heavy rain, as rainfall intensity increases, the water flow in the side ditches accelerates, and the water level rises. At this time, the side ditch drainage channel 8 performs two functions simultaneously: firstly, as an open channel, it guides most of the surface runoff to flow quickly along its channel to designated drainage points (such as the first drainage point 16); secondly, as an infiltration channel, it continuously infiltrates a portion of the water into the surrounding soil through the permeable holes 82. The design of these permeable holes 82 achieves an organic combination and dynamic balance between drainage and infiltration. It can both promptly remove excess rainwater to prevent waterlogging and continuously replenish soil moisture, avoiding the wasteful loss of water resources. Especially after rain (because the inlet of the drainage pipe 5 is higher than the lowest point of the second drainage point 17, the drainage ditch 8 will store some rainwater after rain), the water in the drainage ditch 8 can still slowly seep into the soil through the permeable holes 82 to replenish the soil moisture. The outer filter layer (geotextile / non-woven fabric) allows water molecules to pass freely, but effectively blocks soil particles, silt, and fine debris from the lower part of the field surface 1 from entering the permeable holes 82. While the permeable holes 82 replenish water to the field surface 1, it also prevents soil loss from the permeable holes. After rain, when the drainage ditch 8 replenishes water to the lower part of the field surface 1 through the permeable holes 82, the filter layer slows down the water replenishment rate and increases the duration of water replenishment.

[0035] The drainage pipe 5 is pre-buried inside the field ridge 2 and crosses the cross section of the field ridge 2.

[0036] The first drainage point 16 is located at the intersection of the field surface drainage ditch 7 and the first transverse drainage ditch. The second drainage point 17 is located at the intersection of the field surface drainage ditch 7 and the second transverse drainage ditch. The second drainage point 17 corresponds to the inlet of the drainage culvert 5. A filter screen 51 is installed at the inlet of the drainage culvert 5. The inlet of the drainage culvert 5 is higher than the lowest point of the second drainage point 17. This is to facilitate the storage of some rainwater in the side ditch drainage ditch 8 after rain, so that it can be used to replenish the soil below the field surface 1. The third drainage point 18 is located at the intersection of the outlet of the drainage culvert 5 and the first transverse drainage ditch of the next side ditch of the field surface 1. The first drainage point 16 is the deepest point of the first transverse drainage ditch, effectively collecting rainwater in the first transverse drainage ditch. The second drainage point 17 is the deepest point of the second transverse drainage ditch, acting like a water collection funnel, effectively collecting rainwater flowing from the field surface 1 and the field surface drainage ditch 7. The third drainage point 18 is the shallowest point of the first transverse drainage ditch. The drainage pipe 5 forms an underground water channel connecting the upper and lower terraces, which to a certain extent avoids water overflowing the top of the field ridge or scouring the slope surface. The third drainage point 18 is the shallowest point of the first transverse drainage ditch (i.e., the outer slope ditch). This design facilitates the smooth flow of water from the drainage pipe 5 and its rapid guidance by the downstream ditch, avoiding turbulence and local scouring at the outlet.

[0037] like Figure 9 , Figure 10 As shown, the side ditch drainage channel 8 located at the base of the outer slope is composed of multiple first transverse drainage channels connected in sequence, while the side ditch drainage channel 8 located at the base of the inner slope is composed of multiple second transverse drainage channels connected in sequence. The connection between the side ditch drainage channel 8 and the slope protection plate 43 is achieved by adjusting the angle of the side ditch drainage channel 8 relative to the slope protection plate 43, thereby constructing the aforementioned first drainage point 16, second drainage point 17, and third drainage point 18. During the installation of the side ditch drainage channel 8, by finely adjusting its longitudinal slope, a wave-like undulation can be naturally formed on the channel body, thereby accurately locating the deepest water collection point (first and second drainage points) and the shallowest drainage point (third drainage point). The drainage pipes 6 are pre-buried in the field ridge 2, extending along the direction of the field ridge 2, with the end of each drainage pipe 6 connected to its corresponding drainage pipe 5.

[0038] The drainage pipe 6 is a corrugated pipe, PVC pipe, or concrete pipe. In this embodiment, a corrugated pipe is used. A stepped drainage pipe 61 is installed at the bottom of the drainage pipe 6. One end of the stepped drainage pipe 61 is connected to the drainage pipe 6, and the other end extends to the side ditch drainage channel 8 of the next lower field 1 (preferably, the lower end of the stepped drainage pipe 61 is connected to the side ditch drainage channel 8 at the root of the outer slope of the field ridge 2 of the next lower field 1). Figure 1 , Figure 5 and Figure 8 As shown, the bypass drainage pipe is installed as an exposed pipe, with its outlet facing the drainage ditch 8 of the next lower field surface 1. The bypass drainage pipe is made of PVC or corrugated pipe and is detachable, allowing it to be removed for field operations. In other embodiments, the bypass drainage pipe can be installed as a concealed pipe within the field surface.

[0039] A drainage regulating component is installed between the drainage pipe 5 and the side ditch drainage channel 8. The drainage regulating component is used to control the drainage status of the drainage pipe 5. Multiple drainage regulating components are installed along the extension direction of the field surface 1 on the same layer of the field surface 1.

[0040] The drainage regulating assembly includes a first baffle 9, a second baffle 10, and a float 15. The first baffle 9 is located at the outlet of the drainage pipe 5 and has a first outlet hole 11. A connection hole 13 is provided between the first baffle 9 and the outlet of the drainage pipe 5. The second baffle 10 is slidably disposed within the connection hole 13 and has a second outlet hole 12 corresponding to the first outlet hole 11 on the first baffle 9. The float 15 is located within the drainage pipe. In the first transverse drainage trough below the outlet of 5, the float ball 15 and the second baffle 10 are connected by a connecting rod 14. The end of the drainage pipe 6 is located inside the drainage pipe 5. A check valve 19 is provided at the end of the drainage pipe 6. A toggle tongue 21 is provided at the end of the valve disc 20 of the check valve 19 away from the rotating shaft. A toggle rod 22 is provided on the second baffle 10. The toggle rod 22 is arranged along the length of the drainage pipe 5. The rod body of the toggle rod 22 is located below the toggle tongue 21.

[0041] In this embodiment, the combination of the drainage regulating component, the condensate drain pipe 6, and the bypass drain pipe 61 results in the following drainage modes.

[0042] Mode 1: Downstream water level is normal - main drainage channel is unobstructed Working process: When the water level in the downstream ditch of the next-level field is low, the float 15 is in a low position under its own weight. Through the transmission of the connecting rod 14, the second baffle 10 is also in the lower position of its stroke. At this time, the second outlet 12 on the second baffle 10 is completely aligned with the first outlet 11 on the first baffle 9, forming a smooth drainage channel. Water from the drainage pipe 5 can be discharged smoothly. At the same time, since the second baffle 10 is in a low position, the actuating rod 22 on it does not contact the actuating tongue 21, and the check valve 19 is closed under its own weight or water pressure, preventing water from entering the drainage pipe 6.

[0043] In this mode, the system prioritizes efficient drainage through the main channel to quickly remove accumulated water from the upstream fields and prevent flooding.

[0044] Mode 2: Downstream water level rises – flow is restricted in the main channel, and backup bypass channels are activated. Working process: When encountering heavy rainfall, the pressure of the downstream drainage system increases, and the water level in the next level field ditch rises sharply. The float 15 rises with the water level. Through the transmission of the connecting rod 14, the upward movement of the float 15 is transformed into the upward sliding of the second baffle 10. This action causes the second outlet 12 to misalign with the first outlet 11, thereby significantly reducing or even completely closing the water passage area of ​​the main drainage channel and limiting the downstream drainage volume. (It should be clarified that since multiple floats 15 are installed on the drainage ditch 8 of the same level field, drainage at different locations on the same level field is controlled by the float 15 at that location.)

[0045] Simultaneously, the upward movement of the second baffle 10 causes the actuating rod 22 on it to rise as well. The actuating rod 22 pushes the actuating tongue 21 of the check valve 19 upward, forcing the valve disc 20 to rotate around the axis, thereby opening the check valve 19.

[0046] At this time, the upstream water is obstructed in the drainage pipe 5, the water pressure increases, and the water flow turns to pass through the opened check valve 19, enters the drainage pipe 6, and finally flows through the super-level drainage pipe 61 at the bottom to the drainage ditch 8 of the next layer of field surface for drainage.

[0047] Because the water level in the first-level side ditch rises sharply, causing the outlet of the drainage pipe 5 in this level to be blocked, the water in the drainage channel 8 of this level cannot be drained quickly. Meanwhile, the upper level continues to drain downwards, and rainwater continues to accumulate in the drainage channel 8 of this level, which can easily lead to the flooding of the field surface 1. Therefore, in this situation, the check valve 19 is opened to guide the water in this level into the drainage pipe 6, and then through the bypass drainage pipe 61 to the drainage channel 8 of the second-level side ditch in the lower level to be discharged, so as to prevent the field surface 1 of this level from being flooded.

[0048] By limiting the drainage to the next lower level, the system effectively avoids the "backing" effect and drainage system disorder caused by forcibly draining water when the next level is already at full capacity. This serves to reduce peak flow and regulate water storage, preventing the aggravation of localized flooding. Furthermore, its function of activating drainage to the second lower level also prevents localized flooding on the current level.

[0049] Conclusion: The drainage regulating component described in this embodiment, through the ingenious mechanical linkage of a float, double baffles, connecting rod, and check valve, constructs a highly responsive and reliable intelligent fluid control system. It can automatically switch between "direct drainage" and "limited-flow bypass drainage" modes based on the real-time downstream water level. This not only prevents the aggravation of localized flooding on the next lower level of the field 1 but also prevents localized flooding on the current level caused by blockage of the drainage culvert 5. In summary, the working principle of this invention is as follows: Before installation, the device for preventing soil erosion in terraced fields requires the terraced fields to be prepared according to the installation specifications drawings. The field ridges 2 need to be repaired, and side ditches dug to facilitate the installation of drainage channels and drainage culverts 5. The pre-buried drainage culverts 5 and 6, as well as the bypass drainage pipe 61 at the bottom of the 6, need to be installed in place.

[0050] Then, install the first and second transverse drainage channels on both sides of the field ridge 2, making the depth of the first / second transverse drainage channels undulate, thus providing the corresponding drainage points mentioned above. Next, install the slope protection board 43, which is installed along the outer / inner slope towards the top of the ridge, so that the second outer overlapping edge 432 of the slope protection board 43 overlaps the inner overlapping edge 431 of the slope protection board 43 below. At the bottom of the slope, the second outer overlapping edge 432 of the slope protection board 43 overlaps the edge of the slope protection board 43. Finally, install the embankment top assembly on the connecting plate 81 of the drainage ditch 8. First, place the outer frame plate 411 horizontally on the embankment top. Then, connect the connectors 421 on the front and rear connecting side plates 42 to the corresponding connecting holes 4111. Simultaneously, adjust the angle of the connecting side plates 42 to fit the slope. Finally, place the positioning pins 4114 in the positioning holes 4113. Then, install the main plate 412 inside the outer frame plate 411. Under the action of the main plate 412, the positioning pins 4114 are pressed against the connectors 421. Finally, backfill the soil layer 3 above the top plate 41, making the soil layer 3 flush with the upper edge of the connecting side plates 42.

[0051] It should be noted that after the device of this application is installed, it needs to be maintained regularly to clean the debris and mud in the drainage ditch so that it can drain normally in rainy weather.

[0052] When there is no rain or no standing water in the field surface 1 and the drainage ditch 8, the drainage regulating component of this application, as Figure 1-3 , Figure 7 , 8 As shown, the first water outlet 11 and the second water outlet 12 are directly opposite each other, and the check valve 19 is in the closed state.

[0053] When it is light rain or the initial stage of rain, that is, there is water in the ditch but it can drain normally. If the water level at the second drainage point 17 is lower than the inlet of the drainage pipe 5, the drainage is smooth. At the same time, while the rainwater in the drainage channel 8 of the ditch is draining normally, the rainwater also seeps into the field surface 1 through the permeable hole 82, ensuring that the deep layer of the field surface 1 can absorb enough water, thereby retaining the trace elements in the rainwater.

[0054] As rain continues until the water level at the second drainage point 17 is higher than the inlet of the drainage pipe 5, rainwater enters the drainage pipe 5 and flows through it to the side ditch 8 at the bottom of the outer slope of the next field 1. This allows the rainwater at this drainage point to drain away quickly, preventing water accumulation on the field 1. During this process, because the check valve 19 of the drainage pipe 6 cannot be opened, water cannot enter the drainage pipe 6.

[0055] When the water level at the third drainage point 18 rises, causing the float 15 to rise, the float 15 moves, causing the second baffle 10 to move, thus misaligning the first outlet 11 and the second outlet 12. This reduces or even completely closes the drainage pipe 5 at this point, limiting the downstream drainage. Simultaneously, as the second baffle 10 moves, the actuating rod 22 moves accordingly, pushing the actuating tongue 21, causing the valve 20 to open. Rainwater enters the drainage pipe 6 and is discharged through the adjacent drainage pipe 5. The rainwater in the drainage pipe 6 can be drained through the bypass drainage pipe 61 to the drainage ditch 9 of the second layer of field 1 below the current field 1. This not only prevents the aggravation of local flooding in the lower layer of field 1 but also prevents local flooding in this layer caused by the blockage of the drainage pipe 5.

[0056] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Those skilled in the art can make equivalent substitutions or changes based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, and all such substitutions or changes should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for preventing soil erosion in terraced fields, characterized in that: Includes a retaining wall structure (4), which is used to protect the field ridge (2); The drainage system includes a side ditch drainage channel (8), a field surface drainage channel (7), a drainage culvert (5), and a drainage culvert (6). The side ditch drainage channel (8) is set along the side ditch, and the field surface drainage channel (7) is set along the field surface (1). The field surface drainage channel (7) is used to connect two side ditch drainage channels (8) on the same field surface (1). The drainage culvert (5) is pre-buried in the field ridge (2) and crosses the cross section of the field ridge (2). The drainage culvert (6) is pre-buried in the field ridge (2) and is set along the extension direction of the field ridge (2). The end of each drainage culvert (6) is connected to the corresponding drainage culvert (5). A drainage regulating component is set between the drainage culvert (5) and the side ditch drainage channel (8). The drainage regulating component is used to control the drainage state of the drainage culvert (5).

2. The device for preventing soil erosion in terraced fields according to claim 1, characterized in that: The retaining wall structure (4) includes a top plate (41), connecting side plates (42) and a slope protection plate (43). The top plate (41) is laid horizontally on the top of the field ridge (2). The connecting side plates (42) are set on the front and rear sides of the top plate (41) and attached to the side of the field ridge. The top plate (41) and the two connecting side plates (42) connected to it form an "H" shape. The area above the top plate (41) and between the two connecting side plates (42) is backfilled with a soil layer (3). The slope protection plate (43) is set along the slope of the field ridge (2). The slope protection plate (43) located at the top of the slope is connected to the corresponding connecting side plate (42). The slope protection plate (43) located at the bottom of the slope is connected to the corresponding side ditch drainage channel (8).

3. The device for preventing soil erosion in terraced fields according to claim 2, characterized in that: The top plate (41) has an installation notch on its side, and a connecting shaft (4112) is provided in the installation notch. A connector (421) is provided on the connecting side plate (42), and the connector (421) is adapted to and snapped into the connecting shaft (4112).

4. The device for preventing soil erosion in terraced fields according to claim 3, characterized in that: The top plate (41) includes an outer frame plate (411) and a main plate (412). The main plate (412) is adapted to the annular area enclosed by the outer frame plate (411). The mounting notch is opened on the outer frame plate (411). The inner side of the annular area of ​​the outer frame plate (411) is provided with a positioning hole (4113) communicating with the mounting notch. A positioning pin (4114) is provided in the positioning hole (4113).

5. The device for preventing soil erosion in terraced fields according to claim 2, characterized in that: The lower end of the connecting side plate (42) is provided with a first outer overlap edge (422), the upper end of the slope protection plate (43) is provided with an inner overlap edge (431), the lower end of the slope protection plate (43) is provided with a second outer overlap edge (432), a connecting plate (81) is provided on one side of the side ditch drainage channel (8), the first outer overlap edge (422) is connected to the inner overlap edge (431) of the slope protection plate (43) located at the top of the slope, the second outer overlap edge (432) of the slope protection plate (43) is connected to the inner overlap edge (431) of the slope protection plate (43) located below it, and the connecting plate (81) is connected to the second outer overlap edge (432) of the slope protection plate (43) located at the bottom of the slope.

6. The device for preventing soil erosion in terraced fields according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the side ditch drainage channel (8) and / or the side wall facing the field surface (1) are provided with water-permeable holes (82). The outer periphery of the side ditch drainage channel (8) is covered with a filter layer, which is geotextile or non-woven fabric.

7. The device for preventing soil erosion in terraced fields according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the drainage pipe (6) is provided with a step-through drainage pipe (61). One end of the step-through drainage pipe (61) is connected to the drainage pipe (6), and the other end extends to the side ditch drainage channel (8) of the next field surface (1).

8. The device for preventing soil erosion in terraced fields according to claim 1, characterized in that: The side ditch drainage channel (8) set at the base of the outer slope of the field ridge (2) is composed of multiple first transverse drainage channels connected in sequence. The side ditch drainage channel (8) set at the base of the inner slope of the field ridge (2) is composed of multiple second transverse drainage channels connected in sequence. The intersection of the field surface drainage channel (7) and the first transverse drainage channel is the first drainage point (16). The intersection of the field surface drainage channel (7) and the second transverse drainage channel is the second drainage point (17). The second drainage point (17) corresponds to the inlet of the drainage pipe (5). The drainage pipe ( A filter screen (51) is installed at the inlet of the 5). The inlet of the drainage pipe (5) is higher than the lowest point of the second drainage point (17). The outlet of the drainage pipe (5) corresponds to the first transverse drainage ditch of the side ditch of the next field (1) as the third drainage point (18). The first drainage point (16) is the deepest point of the first transverse drainage ditch. The second drainage point (17) is the deepest point of the second transverse drainage ditch. The third drainage point (18) is the shallowest point of the first transverse drainage ditch.

9. The device for preventing soil erosion in terraced fields according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that: The drainage regulating assembly includes a first baffle (9), a second baffle (10), and a float (15). The first baffle (9) is disposed at the outlet of the drainage pipe (5), and a first outlet hole (11) is provided on the first baffle (9). A plug hole (13) is provided between the first baffle (9) and the outlet of the drainage pipe (5). The second baffle (10) is slidably disposed in the plug hole (13), and a second outlet hole (12) is provided on the second baffle (10) corresponding to the first outlet hole (11) on the first baffle (9). The float (15) is located in the drainage pipe. In the first transverse drainage trough below the outlet of (5), the float (15) and the second baffle (10) are connected by a connecting rod (14). The end of the drainage pipe (6) is located inside the drainage pipe (5). A check valve (19) is provided at the end of the drainage pipe (6). A toggle tongue (21) is provided at the end of the valve disc (20) of the check valve (19) away from the rotating shaft. A toggle rod (22) is provided on the second baffle (10). The toggle rod (22) is arranged along the length of the drainage pipe (5). The rod body of the toggle rod (22) is located below the toggle tongue (21).

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