Tower crane body pile casing and construction method

Abstract

The invention provides a tower crane body pile casing and a construction method, and belongs to the field of building construction. According to the technical scheme, the protection cylinder is arranged on the periphery of a tower crane body in a foundation pit backfilling area where a tower crane foundation is located and comprises a plurality of protection cylinder standard sections which are sequentially connected in the height direction of the tower crane body; the column foot component is arranged at the lower end of the pile casing standard section and used for being connected with a tower crane foundation; wherein each protective cylinder standard section comprises three arc-shaped steel plates, and the two ends of the three arc-shaped steel plates are connected through bolts to form an annular cylinder structure; the adjacent pile casing standard sections are connected through bolts, and the pile casing standard section at the lowermost end is connected with the column foot component through bolts. The modular pile casing has the beneficial effects that the modular pile casing spliced by the three-arc-shaped steel plate bolts is light in single piece, quick to hoist and disassemble and capable of being recycled among multiple projects, the on-site cast-in-place or masonry process is reduced, the material, labor and transportation cost is reduced, solid waste is reduced, and the flexibility of arrangement and adjustment and the overall construction efficiency are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of building construction, and in particular to a tower crane casing and its construction method. Background Technology

[0002] In scenarios involving the parallel construction of multiple projects such as urban complexes and regional developments, tower cranes are typically densely arranged, with a significant proportion of their foundations having to be located within the backfilled area of ​​the foundation pit. In such cases, the soil surrounding the tower crane foundation is backfill, which has low natural density and uneven settlement. Without targeted protective measures, this can easily lead to foundation instability or tower tilting, posing a substantial safety hazard.

[0003] To ensure the safety of tower cranes throughout the entire backfilling process, protective casing structures are typically installed around the tower body in engineering projects. Common forms of existing protective casings include: First, rigid casings made of brick or reinforced concrete cast in place. These casings have a long construction cycle, including masonry, plastering, and curing processes, and are one-time structures that cannot be disassembled or reused. Second, steel casings that are integrally welded. These casings are welded into a complete steel cylinder in the factory and then directly hoisted into place. When transporting them across projects, they can only be transported as a whole, resulting in high transportation and hoisting costs, and it is also difficult to achieve efficient reuse.

[0004] The above-mentioned casing types also have the following problems: First, existing assembled steel casings lack targeted internal reinforcement measures during hoisting and dismantling. Standard sections are prone to plastic deformation under multi-point stress, resulting in excessive roundness deviation, which seriously affects the quality of subsequent turnover. Second, traditional brick casings and integral steel casings cannot be disassembled, resulting in low cross-project reuse rate, high material and labor costs, and failure to meet the requirements of green construction and carbon reduction. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a modular casing for tower cranes, which is assembled using three-arc steel plate bolts. It is lightweight, quick to lift and disassemble, and can be reused in multiple projects. It reduces on-site casting or masonry processes, lowers material, labor and transportation costs, reduces solid waste generation, and improves the flexibility of layout adjustment and overall construction efficiency.

[0006] This invention is achieved through the following measures: A tower crane casing, installed around the tower crane body in the backfill area of ​​the foundation pit where the tower crane foundation is located, is characterized by comprising: Several standard sections of casing are connected sequentially along the height of the tower crane; A column base component installed at the lower end of the standard section of the casing for connection with the tower crane foundation; Each of the aforementioned standard sections of the casing includes three arc-shaped steel plates, the two ends of which are connected by bolts to form an annular cylindrical structure. Adjacent standard sections of the casing are connected by bolts, as is the lowest standard section of the casing and the column base member. The inner side of the column base component is provided with several stiffening ribs; The column base component is used to connect with the embedded parts pre-set in the top plate of the tower crane foundation by bolts, so as to fix the tower crane casing to the tower crane foundation as a whole.

[0007] The invention also has the following specific features: The three arc-shaped steel plates are spliced ​​together in sequence along the circumference. The adjacent ends of the arc-shaped steel plates are provided with flange edges and bolt holes. After the plates are joined together, they are connected by bolts arranged on the flange edges. The gap between the arc-shaped steel plates is less than or equal to 3mm.

[0008] The column base component is a ring-shaped steel component. The stiffening ribs are spaced apart along the inner circumference of the column base component and arranged along the height direction of the casing to improve the shear bearing capacity of the column base component and prevent collision deformation during backfilling or transportation of the foundation pit.

[0009] Each of the standard sections of the casing is provided with a connection node at the top for installing double-I-beams. Four connection nodes are symmetrically arranged along the circumference of the standard section of the casing. These nodes are used to form an internal reinforcement frame with the double-I-beams and pins during hoisting or dismantling and serve as lifting points.

[0010] The outer surfaces of the standard sections of the casing and the column base components are coated with an anti-corrosion coating to ensure the durability of the casing during multiple reuses.

[0011] A construction method for a tower crane casing, utilizing a tower crane casing, is characterized by comprising the following steps: S1. Column base installation and foundation pit backfilling pretreatment: Construction preparation is carried out for the foundation pit backfilling area where the tower crane foundation is located. Embedded parts are reserved in the top plate of the tower crane foundation. The column base components of the tower crane body casing are installed on the outside of the tower crane body and the column base components are connected and fixed to the embedded parts by bolts. S2. Assembly of standard casing sections: On the ground outside the tower crane, three arc-shaped steel plates are connected by bolts to form standard casing sections. The lowest standard casing section is connected to the column base component by bolts. Then, standard casing sections are assembled upwards in sequence. Adjacent standard casing sections are connected by bolts to form a tower crane casing that is arranged along the height of the tower crane body. S3. Coordinated construction of casing and foundation pit backfill: While the tower crane is in continuous use, the backfill soil of the foundation pit outside the tower crane casing is backfilled in layers, evenly and symmetrically around the perimeter, and each layer of backfill soil is compacted to control the height difference between the soil layers on both sides of the tower crane casing to be no greater than the predetermined limit. S4. Dismantling and Reuse: After the tower crane is no longer in use, dismantle the tower crane first, then disconnect the bolts between the tower crane casing and the tower crane foundation. Lift the entire tower crane casing from the pit to the ground. On the ground, dismantle the bolts between each casing standard section and between the arc-shaped steel plates in sequence. Disassemble the casing standard section into three arc-shaped steel plates and number and store them for reuse across projects.

[0012] In step S4, before the entire tower crane casing is lifted from the pit to the ground, the following steps are included: A hoisting and reinforcing component is installed on the top of the uppermost standard section of the casing. The hoisting and reinforcing component includes double-section I-beams arranged along the diameter of the standard section of the casing and pins that hinge and fix the double-section I-beams to the top connection node of the standard section of the casing. The double-section I-beams and the pins form an internal reinforcing frame. Four hoisting points are symmetrically arranged on the top of the standard section of the casing along the circumferential direction, and slings are connected to the hoisting points. The tower crane casing is hoisted from the pit to the ground by a four-point overall hoisting method.

[0013] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: the modular casing assembled with three arc-shaped steel plate bolts is lightweight and quick to install and disassemble, and can be reused in multiple projects, reducing on-site casting or masonry processes, reducing material, labor and transportation costs, reducing solid waste generation, and improving the flexibility of layout adjustment and overall construction efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the tower crane casing in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0015] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the standard section of the casing in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0016] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the standard section of the casing and the double-section I-beam in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0017] The attached diagram is labeled as follows: 1. Standard section of casing; 2. Curved steel plate; 3. Double-section I-beam. Detailed Implementation

[0018] To clearly illustrate the technical features of this solution, the following detailed implementation method will be used to explain the solution.

[0019] Example 1 See Figure 1 and 2 A tower crane casing, installed around the tower crane body in the backfill area of ​​the foundation pit where the tower crane foundation is located, comprising: Several standard sections of casing 1 are connected sequentially along the height of the tower crane tower body; A column base component installed at the lower end of standard section 1 of the casing for connection with the tower crane foundation; Each standard section 1 of the casing includes three arc-shaped steel plates 2, and the two ends of the three arc-shaped steel plates 2 are connected by bolts to form an annular cylindrical structure. Adjacent standard sections 1 of the casing are connected by bolts, as is the connection between the lowest standard section 1 of the casing and the column base component. Several stiffening ribs are provided on the inner side of the column base component; The column base components are used to connect with embedded parts pre-set in the top plate of the tower crane foundation by bolts, so as to fix the tower crane casing to the tower crane foundation as a whole.

[0020] Three arc-shaped steel plates 2 are spliced ​​together in sequence along the circumference. The adjacent ends of the arc-shaped steel plates 2 are provided with flange edges and bolt holes. After the joint is made, they are connected by bolts arranged on the flange edges. The joint gap of the arc-shaped steel plates 2 is less than or equal to 3mm.

[0021] The column base members are ring-shaped steel members. Stiffening ribs are spaced along the inner circumference of the column base members and arranged along the height of the casing to improve the shear bearing capacity of the column base members and prevent collision deformation during backfilling or transportation of the foundation pit.

[0022] Each standard section 1 of the casing is provided with a connection node at the top for installing double-I-beams 3. Four connection nodes are symmetrically arranged along the circumference of the standard section 1 of the casing. They are used to form an internal reinforcement frame with the double-I-beams 3 and the pin shaft during hoisting or dismantling and serve as the hoisting point position.

[0023] The outer surfaces of the standard section 1 of the casing and the column base components are coated with an anti-corrosion coating to ensure the durability of the casing during multiple reuses.

[0024] A construction method for a tower crane casing, utilizing a tower crane casing, is characterized by comprising the following steps: S1. Column base installation and foundation pit backfilling pretreatment: Construction preparation is carried out for the foundation pit backfilling area where the tower crane foundation is located. Embedded parts are reserved in the top plate of the tower crane foundation. Column base components of the tower crane body casing are installed on the outside of the tower crane body and the column base components are connected and fixed to the embedded parts with bolts. S2. Assembly of Standard Section 1 of Casing: On the ground outside the tower crane, three arc-shaped steel plates 2 are connected by bolts to form standard section 1 of the casing. The lowest standard section 1 of the casing is connected to the column base component by bolts. Then, the standard sections 1 of the casing are assembled upwards in sequence. Adjacent standard sections 1 of the casing are connected by bolts to form the tower crane casing along the height of the tower crane body. S3. Coordinated construction of casing and foundation pit backfill: While the tower crane is in continuous use, the backfill soil of the foundation pit outside the tower crane casing is backfilled in layers, evenly and symmetrically around the perimeter, and each layer of backfill soil is compacted to control the height difference between the soil layers on both sides of the tower crane casing to be no greater than the predetermined limit. S4. Dismantling and Reuse: After the tower crane is no longer in use, dismantle the tower crane first, then disconnect the bolts between the tower crane casing and the tower crane foundation. Lift the entire tower crane casing from the pit to the ground. On the ground, dismantle the bolts between each casing standard section 1 and between the arc-shaped steel plates 2 in sequence. Disassemble the casing standard section 1 into three arc-shaped steel plates 2 and number and store them for reuse across projects.

[0025] In step S4, before the entire tower crane casing is lifted from the pit to the ground, the following steps are included: A hoisting and reinforcing component is installed on the top of the uppermost standard section 1 of the casing. The hoisting and reinforcing component includes double-I-beams 3 arranged along the diameter of the standard section 1 of the casing and pins that hinge and fix the double-I-beams 3 to the top connection node of the standard section 1 of the casing. The double-I-beams 3 and the pins form an internal reinforcing frame. Four hoisting points are symmetrically set on the top of the standard section 1 of the casing along the circumference, and slings are connected at the hoisting points. The tower crane casing is hoisted from the pit to the ground by a four-point hoisting method.

[0026] Example 2 See Figure 1 and 2 A tower crane casing, installed around the tower crane body in the backfill area of ​​the foundation pit where the tower crane foundation is located, comprising: Several standard sections of casing 1 are connected sequentially along the height of the tower crane tower body; A column base component installed at the lower end of standard section 1 of the casing for connection with the tower crane foundation; Each standard section 1 of the casing includes three arc-shaped steel plates 2, and the two ends of the three arc-shaped steel plates 2 are connected by bolts to form an annular cylindrical structure. Adjacent standard sections 1 of the casing are connected by bolts, as is the connection between the lowest standard section 1 of the casing and the column base component. By using bolted connections, the connections between standard sections and between standard sections and column base components can be easily disconnected during the dismantling phase, facilitating the rapid disassembly and reuse of the casing. Several stiffening ribs are provided on the inner side of the column base component; The column base components are used to connect with embedded parts pre-set in the top plate of the tower crane foundation by bolts, so as to fix the tower crane casing to the tower crane foundation as a whole.

[0027] Three arc-shaped steel plates 2 are spliced ​​together in sequence along the circumference. The adjacent ends of the arc-shaped steel plates 2 are provided with flange edges and bolt holes. After the joint is made, they are connected by bolts arranged on the flange edges. The joint gap of the arc-shaped steel plates 2 is less than or equal to 3mm.

[0028] The column base members are ring-shaped steel members. Stiffening ribs are spaced along the inner circumference of the column base members and arranged along the height of the casing to improve the shear bearing capacity of the column base members and prevent collision deformation during backfilling or transportation of the foundation pit.

[0029] Each standard section 1 of the casing is provided with a connection node at the top for installing double-I-beams 3. Four connection nodes are symmetrically arranged along the circumference of the standard section 1 of the casing. They are used to form an internal reinforcement frame with the double-I-beams 3 and the pin shaft during hoisting or dismantling and serve as the hoisting point position.

[0030] The outer surfaces of the standard section 1 of the casing and the column base components are coated with an anti-corrosion coating to ensure the durability of the casing during multiple reuses.

[0031] Example 3: Construction method for tower crane casing The tower crane casing construction method disclosed in this embodiment is applicable to the case where the tower crane foundation is located in the backfill area of ​​the foundation pit. Utilizing the tower crane casing of Embodiment 2, the method includes the following steps: S1. Column base installation and foundation pit backfilling pretreatment Construction preparation is carried out in the backfill area of ​​the foundation pit where the tower crane foundation is located. Embedded parts are reserved in the top plate of the tower crane foundation. The column base components of the tower crane casing are installed on the outside of the tower crane body. The column base components are connected and fixed to the embedded parts with bolts to form the lower support structure of the casing.

[0032] In this step, the soil in the backfill area of ​​the foundation pit is leveled, and space is reserved for the tower crane casing to facilitate the subsequent assembly and hoisting of the standard casing section 1.

[0033] S2, Standard Section 1 of the Casing Assembly On the ground outside the tower crane, three arc-shaped steel plates 2 are assembled into a standard section 1 of the casing by bolting. During the assembly process, the flange edges and bolt holes of each arc-shaped steel plate 2 are aligned in sequence, and the three arc-shaped steel plates 2 are connected into a closed ring cylinder structure by high-strength bolts.

[0034] The bottommost standard section 1 of the assembled casing is connected and fixed to the column base component with bolts. Then, the arc-shaped steel plate 2 of the second standard section 1 of the casing is lifted to the predetermined height by hoisting and aligned with the upper end of the first standard section 1 of the casing. The two sections are reliably connected by bolts. Three arc-shaped steel plates 2 are installed to form the second standard section 1 of the casing. If it is necessary to further increase the height of the casing, multiple standard sections 1 of the casing can be assembled upwards in the same way to finally form a continuous casing of the tower crane body along the height direction of the tower crane body.

[0035] S3. Coordinated construction of casing and foundation pit backfilling While the tower crane is in continuous use, the backfill soil in the foundation pit outside the tower crane casing is backfilled in layers, evenly and symmetrically around the perimeter. Each layer is controlled to be 300-500mm thick and compacted using tamping equipment to ensure a compaction degree of no less than 93% after each layer. Throughout the backfilling process, the soil layer height on both sides of the tower crane casing is monitored in real time, and the height difference between the two sides is controlled to be no more than 2m at any given height to ensure that the stress on both sides of the casing is basically balanced and to prevent the casing from tilting.

[0036] In this step, the tower crane casing works together with the backfill soil, transferring the backfill lateral pressure to the tower crane foundation through the column base components and stiffening ribs. The casing's overall structural rigidity and stability resist differential settlement in the backfill area. After backfilling is completed, measurements verify that the verticality deviation of the tower crane casing can be controlled within 1‰.

[0037] S4. Dismantling and Reuse After the tower crane completes its construction task and is no longer in use, it shall be dismantled in the order of "tower crane first, casing second". First, the tower crane shall be dismantled according to the conventional process; then, the bolt connection between the tower crane casing and the tower crane foundation 20 shall be released.

[0038] A hoisting reinforcement component, namely a double-I-beam 3 arranged along the diameter of the standard section 1 of the casing, is installed on top of the uppermost standard section 1. The double-I-beam 3 is hinged and fixed to the connection node of the standard section 1 of the casing by pins, forming an internal reinforcement frame. Lifting points are set at the four connection nodes, and after connecting the slings, the entire tower crane casing is hoisted from the foundation pit to the ground using a four-point integral hoisting method.

[0039] After the tower crane casing is hoisted to the ground as a whole, the bolt connections between each casing standard section 1 are disassembled in sequence. Each casing standard section 1 is then divided into three arc-shaped steel plate units 2. Each arc-shaped steel plate 2 and its matching bolts are marked and classified according to the preset numbering rules to ensure that the original assembly relationship can be quickly restored according to the numbering information in subsequent projects to complete secondary and multiple installations.

[0040] The technical features of this invention not described can be implemented by or using existing technology, and will not be repeated here. Of course, the above description is not a limitation of this invention, and this invention is not limited to the examples above. Any changes, modifications, additions or substitutions made by those skilled in the art within the scope of this invention should also be within the protection scope of this invention.

Claims

1. A tower crane casing, installed around the tower crane body in the backfill area of ​​the foundation pit where the tower crane foundation is located, characterized in that, include: Several standard sections of casing are connected sequentially along the height of the tower crane; A column base component installed at the lower end of the standard section of the casing for connection with the tower crane foundation; Each of the aforementioned standard sections of the casing includes three arc-shaped steel plates, the two ends of which are connected by bolts to form an annular cylindrical structure. Adjacent standard sections of the casing are connected by bolts, as is the lowest standard section of the casing and the column base member. The column base component is used to connect with the embedded parts pre-set in the top plate of the tower crane foundation by bolts, so as to fix the tower crane casing to the tower crane foundation as a whole.

2. The tower crane casing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The three arc-shaped steel plates are spliced ​​together in sequence along the circumference. The adjacent ends of the arc-shaped steel plates are provided with flange edges and bolt holes. After the plates are joined together, they are connected by bolts arranged on the flange edges. The gap between the arc-shaped steel plates is less than or equal to 3mm.

3. The tower crane casing according to claim 2, characterized in that, Each of the standard sections of the casing is provided with a connection node at the top for installing double-I-beams. Four connection nodes are symmetrically arranged along the circumference of the standard section of the casing. These nodes are used to form an internal reinforcement frame with the double-I-beams and pins during hoisting or dismantling and serve as lifting points.

4. The tower crane casing according to claim 3, characterized in that, The outer surfaces of the standard section of the casing and the column base components are coated with an anti-corrosion coating.

5. A construction method for a tower crane casing, utilizing the tower crane casing as described in any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Column base installation and foundation pit backfilling pretreatment: Construction preparation is carried out for the foundation pit backfilling area where the tower crane foundation is located. Embedded parts are reserved in the top plate of the tower crane foundation. The column base components of the tower crane body casing are installed on the outside of the tower crane body and the column base components are connected and fixed to the embedded parts by bolts. S2. Assembly of standard casing sections: On the ground outside the tower crane, three arc-shaped steel plates are connected by bolts to form standard casing sections. The lowest standard casing section is connected to the column base component by bolts. Then, standard casing sections are assembled upwards in sequence. Adjacent standard casing sections are connected by bolts to form a tower crane casing that is arranged along the height of the tower crane body. S3. Coordinated construction of casing and foundation pit backfill: While the tower crane is in continuous use, the backfill soil of the foundation pit outside the tower crane casing is backfilled in layers, evenly and symmetrically around the perimeter, and each layer of backfill soil is compacted to control the height difference between the soil layers on both sides of the tower crane casing to be no greater than the predetermined limit. S4. Dismantling and Reuse: After the tower crane is no longer in use, dismantle the tower crane first, then disconnect the bolts between the tower crane casing and the tower crane foundation. Lift the entire tower crane casing from the pit to the ground. On the ground, dismantle the bolts between each casing standard section and between the arc-shaped steel plates in sequence. Disassemble the casing standard section into three arc-shaped steel plates and number and store them for reuse across projects.

6. The construction method for the tower crane casing according to claim 5, characterized in that, In step S4, before the entire tower crane casing is lifted from the pit to the ground, the following steps are included: A hoisting and reinforcing component is installed on the top of the uppermost standard section of the casing. The hoisting and reinforcing component includes double-section I-beams arranged along the diameter of the standard section of the casing and pins that hinge and fix the double-section I-beams to the top connection node of the standard section of the casing. The double-section I-beams and the pins form an internal reinforcing frame. Four hoisting points are symmetrically arranged on the top of the standard section of the casing along the circumferential direction, and slings are connected to the hoisting points. The tower crane casing is hoisted from the pit to the ground by a four-point overall hoisting method.

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