Flue anti-bonding coupling flue gas carbon sequestration emission reduction system for smelting furnace

Abstract

The invention provides a flue anti-bonding coupling flue gas carbon sequestration emission reduction system for a smelting furnace, which comprises a smelting furnace flue, a powder preparation module, a powder spraying module and a flue spraying module, and the smelting furnace flue comprises a first temperature zone flue section and a second temperature zone flue section; the powder preparation module is used for generating adsorbent powder; the powder spraying module is used for conveying adsorbent powder produced by the powder preparation module; the flue spraying module comprises a first spraying main pipe, a first spraying structure arranged on the first spraying main pipe, a second spraying main pipe and a second spraying structure arranged on the second spraying main pipe. According to the invention, the adsorbent with a high specific surface area can be prepared and sprayed, gradient capture of heavy metals such as zinc and cadmium is realized in the first and second temperature zone flue sections, the risk of ash deposition blockage is reduced, residual components of the adsorbent can react with carbon dioxide to realize in-situ carbon sequestration, and the adsorbent has the functions of adhesion prevention and emission reduction; and the flue gas purification efficiency and the system operation stability are improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of smelting furnaces, in particular to a flue anti-bonding coupled flue gas carbon fixation and emission reduction system for a smelting furnace. BACKGROUND

[0002] The raw materials of some smelting furnaces in the steel, non-ferrous and chemical industries are widely sourced and complex in composition, often containing volatile heavy metal elements such as zinc, lead and cadmium. These elements are easily converted into elemental vapor or oxide vapor under high-temperature smelting conditions (usually ≥1000℃), and are discharged together with flue gas. Then, as the temperature of the flue gas gradually decreases, the elemental vapor or oxide vapor changes phase when the temperature decreases to its condensation interval, condensing into liquid or solid particles, and due to their high surface activity, they have strong adhesion. Such substances are extremely easy to adhere to the surface of the flue gas flow channel and further adsorb other components in the flue dust, forming hard nodules, causing the cross-sectional area of the flow channel to decrease and the heat exchange efficiency to decrease, and in severe cases, causing blockage, affecting the stable operation of the system, and increasing the difficulty of dust removal and maintenance costs. To address the above problems, existing technologies rely on periodic mechanical cleaning or optimization of the flue structure to alleviate the accumulation of dust, but it is difficult to fundamentally suppress the formation of bonding materials, thereby affecting the efficient, stable and long-period operation of the flue gas system of the smelting furnace. SUMMARY

[0003] In order to overcome the above-mentioned defects of the prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the embodiments of the present application is to provide a flue anti-bonding coupled flue gas carbon fixation and emission reduction system for a smelting furnace, for ensuring the efficient, stable and long-period operation of the flue gas system of the smelting furnace.

[0004] The above-mentioned object of the present application can be realized by adopting the following technical scheme. The present application provides a flue anti-bonding coupled flue gas carbon fixation and emission reduction system for a smelting furnace, comprising:

[0005] a smelting furnace flue, the smelting furnace flue comprising a first temperature zone flue section and a second temperature zone flue section arranged in sequence along the flue gas conveying direction;

[0006] a powder preparation module for producing adsorbent powder;

[0007] a powder injection module controllably connected to the powder preparation module, the powder injection module being configured to convey the adsorbent powder produced by the powder preparation module;

[0008] A flue gas injection module, which is controllably connected to the powder injection module, includes a first injection main pipe disposed on a first temperature zone flue section, a first injection structure disposed on the first injection main pipe and located within the first temperature zone flue section, a second injection main pipe disposed on a second temperature zone flue section, and a first injection structure disposed on the second injection main pipe and located within the second temperature zone flue section.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first injection main pipe is inserted into the first temperature zone flue section along the radial direction of the first temperature zone flue section, and the first injection structure includes a plurality of first nozzles spaced around the first injection main pipe.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of first spray structures are provided, and the plurality of first spray structures are arranged at intervals along the extension direction of the first spray main pipe.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first spray main pipe is disposed along the height direction, and the first nozzle is disposed at a downward angle.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first nozzle includes a first straight pipe section; or, the first nozzle includes a first reduced diameter section connected to the first spray main pipe, a first throat section connected to the first reduced diameter section, and a first expanded diameter section connected to the first throat section.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the second injection main pipe is inserted into the second temperature zone flue section along the radial direction of the second temperature zone flue section, and the second injection structure includes a plurality of second nozzles spaced around the second injection main pipe.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of second spray structures are provided, and the plurality of second spray structures are arranged at intervals along the extension direction of the second spray main pipe.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the second jet pipe is disposed along the height direction, and the second nozzle is disposed at a downward angle.

[0016] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the second nozzle includes a second straight pipe section; or, the second nozzle includes a second reduced diameter section connected to the second main spray pipe, a second throat section connected to the second reduced diameter section, and a first expanded diameter section connected to the second throat section.

[0017] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first spray structure includes at least four first nozzles; and / or, the second spray structure includes at least four second nozzles.

[0018] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the sum of the minimum cross-sectional areas of each of the first nozzles is not greater than the cross-sectional area of ​​the first spray main pipe; and / or, the sum of the minimum cross-sectional areas of each of the second nozzles is not greater than the cross-sectional area of ​​the second spray main pipe.

[0019] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the powder preparation module includes an adsorbent silo, an adsorbent powder silo, a powder preparation pipeline connecting the adsorbent silo and the adsorbent powder silo, and a pulverizing component disposed on the powder preparation pipeline.

[0020] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the pulverizing assembly includes a primary crushing device and a secondary grinding and grading device arranged sequentially along the conveying direction of the powder preparation pipeline.

[0021] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the powder injection module includes a pneumatic nozzle, the gas phase inlet of the pneumatic nozzle is used to connect to a pressurized gas source pipeline, the inlet of the pneumatic nozzle is controllably connected to the powder preparation module, and the outlet of the pneumatic nozzle is controllably connected to the flue gas injection module.

[0022] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a first control valve is provided between the inlet of the pneumatic nozzle and the powder preparation module, a second control valve is provided between the outlet of the pneumatic nozzle and the first injection main pipe, and a third control valve is provided between the outlet of the pneumatic nozzle and the second injection main pipe.

[0023] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the flue gas anti-adhesion coupling flue gas carbon fixation and emission reduction system for electric furnace smelting process further includes an injection control module. The injection control module is electrically connected to the powder preparation module, the powder injection module and the flue gas injection module. The injection control module can be used to control the operating status of the powder preparation module, the powder injection module and the flue gas injection module based on the production rhythm of the electric furnace.

[0024] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first temperature zone flue section is a vaporization cooling flue or an insulated flue, and the second temperature zone flue section is a medium temperature section flue or a transition section flue.

[0025] The technical solution of the present invention has the following significant beneficial effects:

[0026] When the flue gas anti-adhesion coupling flue gas carbon fixation and emission reduction system for smelting furnaces described in this invention is used, the raw materials are crushed into micron-sized high specific surface area powders through the powder preparation module. For example, adsorbent raw materials such as lime and dolomite with CaO or MgO as the main components are widely available, low cost, chemically stable and with strong adsorption capacity under high temperature environment. After being injected into the flue, it can effectively form an instantaneous cold zone, which improves the collection efficiency of gaseous heavy metals.

[0027] By setting up a first injection structure and a second injection structure in the first and second temperature zone flue sections respectively, staged and precise injection is achieved. By spraying high specific surface area adsorbents in two temperature zones within the first and second temperature zone flue sections, multi-temperature zone synergistic capture is achieved, taking advantage of the different phase transition temperatures of heavy metal vapors such as zinc, lead, and cadmium. Furthermore, ambient temperature or low-temperature, low-pressure gases can be used as the dispersed phase to form localized instantaneous cold zones, promoting preferential adsorption and condensation of heavy metal vapors on the particle surface. This effectively prevents direct condensation and adhesion on the flue wall, significantly reducing ash accumulation intensity and blockage risk. This achieves gradient control and efficient sedimentation of volatile heavy metals in the high and medium temperature zones, improving flue gas purification efficiency and system operational stability.

[0028] Specifically, the ambient temperature of the first temperature zone flue section is higher than that of the second temperature zone flue section. The first temperature zone flue section is mainly used to capture zinc vapor, while the second temperature zone flue section targets medium- and low-temperature volatile metals such as cadmium. It utilizes the different affinities of the adsorbent powder for different metal vapors to achieve synergistic adsorption across multiple temperature zones. Furthermore, the injected cold powder, while inhibiting the direct condensation of metal vapors, promotes the deposition of target pollutants in the form of loose, solid composite particles, significantly reducing the adhesion strength of ash deposits, preventing the formation of hard nodules, and extending the cleaning cycle.

[0029] Furthermore, the adsorbent used does not contain any foreign pollutants, and the unreacted components are mainly CaO and MgO, which can be used for desulfurization or carbon fixation in subsequent processes. The collected dust is pure and does not affect its reuse value, which is beneficial for the resource recovery of zinc-containing dust. At the same time, the residual adsorbent can undergo a carbonization reaction with carbon dioxide during flue gas cooling to generate stable carbonates, achieving in-situ chemical fixation of carbon dioxide in the flue gas. It has the dual functions of anti-adhesion and carbon emission reduction, ensuring the efficient, stable, and long-term operation of the flue gas system of the smelting furnace, and better meeting the needs of sustainable development in green metallurgy. Attached Figure Description

[0030] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0031] The accompanying drawings described herein are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention in any way. Furthermore, the shapes and proportions of the components in the drawings are merely illustrative to aid in understanding the invention and do not specifically limit the shapes and proportions of the components. Those skilled in the art, guided by the teachings of this invention, can select various possible shapes and proportions to implement the invention according to specific circumstances.

[0032] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the flue gas anti-adhesion coupling flue gas carbon fixation and emission reduction system for smelting furnaces according to the present invention.

[0033] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of one embodiment of the first injection tube of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of one embodiment of the first nozzle of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of the first nozzle of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of one embodiment of the second injection tube of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of one embodiment of the second nozzle of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of the second nozzle of the present invention.

[0039] The reference numerals in the above figures are as follows:

[0040] 10. Smelting furnace flue;

[0041] 11. First temperature zone flue section;

[0042] 12. Second temperature zone flue section;

[0043] 100. Powder preparation module; 110. Adsorbent silo; 120. Adsorbent powder silo; 130. Powder preparation pipeline; 140. Primary crushing device; 150. Secondary grinding and classification device;

[0044] 200. Powder spraying module; 210. Pneumatic nozzle; 220. Pressurized air supply pipeline; 230. First control valve; 240. Second control valve; 250. Third control valve;

[0045] 300. Flue gas injection module; 310. First injection main pipe; 320. First injection structure; 321. First nozzle; 3211. First straight pipe section; 3212. First diameter reduction section; 3213. First throat section; 3214. First diameter expansion section; 330. Second injection main pipe; 340. Second injection structure; 341. Second nozzle; 3411. Second straight pipe section; 3412. Second diameter reduction section; 3413. Second throat section; 3414. Second diameter expansion section;

[0046] 400. Injection control module. Detailed Implementation

[0047] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0048] Please refer to the following: Figures 1 to 7 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a flue gas anti-adhesion coupled carbon fixation and emission reduction system for a smelting furnace. This system includes a smelting furnace flue 10, a powder preparation module 100, a powder injection module 200, and a flue gas injection module 300. The smelting furnace flue 10 includes a first temperature zone flue section 11 and a second temperature zone flue section 12 arranged sequentially along the flue gas conveying direction. The powder preparation module 100 is used to generate adsorbent powder. The powder injection module 200 is controllably connected to the powder preparation module 100. Block 200 is used to transport adsorbent powder produced by powder preparation module 100; flue gas injection module 300 is controllably connected to powder injection module 200. Flue gas injection module 300 includes a first injection main pipe 310 disposed on the first temperature zone flue section 11, a first injection structure 320 disposed on the first injection main pipe 310 and placed in the first temperature zone flue section 11, a second injection main pipe 330 disposed on the second temperature zone flue section 12, and a first injection structure 320 disposed on the second injection main pipe 330 and placed in the second temperature zone flue section 12.

[0049] Overall, when this flue gas anti-adhesion coupled flue gas carbon fixation and emission reduction system for smelting furnaces is used, the raw materials are crushed into micron-sized high specific surface area powders through the powder preparation module 100. For example, adsorbent raw materials such as lime and dolomite with CaO or MgO as the main components are widely available, low cost, chemically stable and with strong adsorption capacity under high temperature environment. After being injected into the flue, it can effectively form an instantaneous cold zone, which improves the capture efficiency of gaseous heavy metals.

[0050] By setting a first injection structure 320 and a second injection structure 340 in the first temperature zone flue section 11 and the second temperature zone flue section 12 respectively, staged and precise injection is achieved. By staged injection of high specific surface area adsorbents in the two temperature zones of the first temperature zone flue section 11 and the second temperature zone flue section 12, multi-temperature zone synergistic capture is achieved, taking advantage of the different phase transition temperatures of heavy metal vapors such as zinc, lead, and cadmium. Furthermore, ambient temperature or low-temperature, low-pressure gases can be used as the dispersed phase to form localized instantaneous cold zones, promoting preferential adsorption and condensation of heavy metal vapors on the particle surface. This effectively avoids direct condensation and adhesion on the flue wall, significantly reducing ash accumulation intensity and blockage risk. This achieves gradient control and efficient sedimentation of volatile heavy metals in the high and medium temperature zones, improving flue gas purification efficiency and system operational stability.

[0051] Specifically, the temperature of the first temperature zone flue section 11 is higher than that of the second temperature zone flue section 12. The first temperature zone flue section 11 is mainly used to capture zinc vapor, while the second temperature zone flue section 12 targets medium- and low-temperature volatile metals such as cadmium. Utilizing the different affinities of the adsorbent powder for different metal vapors, multi-temperature zone synergistic adsorption is achieved. Furthermore, the injected cold powder, while inhibiting the direct condensation of metal vapors, promotes the deposition of target pollutants in the form of loose solid composite particles, significantly reducing the adhesion strength of ash accumulation, preventing the formation of hard nodules, and extending the cleaning cycle.

[0052] Furthermore, the adsorbent used does not contain any foreign pollutants, and the unreacted components are mainly CaO and MgO, which can be used for desulfurization or carbon fixation in subsequent processes. The collected dust is pure and does not affect its reuse value, which is beneficial for the resource recovery of zinc-containing dust. At the same time, the residual adsorbent can undergo a carbonization reaction with carbon dioxide during flue gas cooling to generate stable carbonates, achieving in-situ chemical fixation of carbon dioxide in the flue gas. It has the dual functions of anti-adhesion and carbon emission reduction, ensuring the efficient, stable, and long-term operation of the flue gas system of the smelting furnace, and better meeting the needs of sustainable development in green metallurgy.

[0053] In embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 2 In the embodiment shown, the first injection main pipe 310 is inserted into the first temperature zone flue section 11 along the radial direction of the first temperature zone flue section 11, and the first injection structure 320 includes a plurality of first nozzles 321 spaced around the first injection main pipe 310.

[0054] By arranging multiple first nozzles 321 in a spaced ring on the first spray main pipe 310, the adsorbent powder is uniformly and multi-pointly dispersed in the high-temperature flue gas field, which significantly improves the spray coverage area and distribution uniformity, and enhances the contact efficiency between the adsorbent and high-temperature volatile metal vapors such as zinc.

[0055] Furthermore, such as Figure 2In the embodiment shown, a plurality of first injection structures 320 are provided, and the plurality of first injection structures 320 are arranged at intervals along the extension direction of the first injection main pipe 310.

[0056] By arranging multiple first injection structures 320 at intervals along the extension direction of the first injection main pipe 310, a multi-layer injection structure along the axial direction of the first injection main pipe 310 is achieved, further improving the spatial distribution uniformity and coverage density of the adsorbent in the high-temperature flue gas.

[0057] Designers can adjust the specific orientation of the first injection main pipe 310 according to usage needs; no specific restrictions are imposed here. Preferably, such as Figure 2 In the embodiment shown, the first spray main pipe 310 is arranged along the height direction, and the first nozzle 321 is arranged at a downward angle.

[0058] By vertically setting the first injection main pipe 310 along the height direction and tilting the first nozzle 321 downwards, the adsorbent powder is facilitated to diffuse in a fan shape along the flue gas flow direction under the combined effect of gravity and the jet airflow, thereby enhancing the powder's penetration ability and distribution uniformity in high-temperature flue gas.

[0059] Furthermore, the downward-sloping injection direction helps guide the particles that have adsorbed heavy metals to be deposited directionally in the bottom area of ​​the flue, reducing their adhesion and accumulation on the sidewalls and top, significantly improving the ash distribution characteristics and reducing the risk of nodulation.

[0060] In an embodiment of the present invention, the first nozzle 321 includes a first straight pipe section 3211; or, the first nozzle 321 includes a first narrowed section 3212 connected to the first jet main pipe 310, a first throat section 3213 connected to the first narrowed section 3212, and a first widened section 3214 connected to the first throat section 3213.

[0061] In one feasible embodiment, such as Figure 3 In the embodiment shown, the first nozzle 321 includes a first straight pipe section 3211. By setting the first nozzle 321 as a straight pipe section, it is beneficial to stabilize the flow pattern of the gas-solid two-phase flow, reduce local eddies and pressure loss caused by bends or converging / diffusing pipes, and ensure that the adsorbent powder maintains a uniform concentration and high kinetic energy during the conveying process.

[0062] In another feasible embodiment, such as Figure 4In the illustrated embodiment, a Venturi flow channel is formed by a first narrowing section 3212, a first throat section 3213, and a first widening section 3214. Utilizing fluid dynamics principles, the Venturi flow channel accelerates the gas-solid two-phase flow as it passes through the first narrowing section 3212, creating a localized low-pressure negative pressure zone in the first throat section 3213. This effectively promotes the efficient absorption of adsorbent powder from the first injection main pipe 310 and its full dispersion in the airflow. Subsequently, the velocity is reduced and the pressure is restored in the first widening section 3214, allowing the powder to be injected into the first temperature zone flue section 11 in a uniform and stable state. This significantly improves the mixing efficiency and reaction sufficiency of the adsorbent powder with target components such as metal vapor in the high-temperature flue gas.

[0063] This Venturi flow channel structure enhances self-priming and atomization without the need for additional power, improves conveying stability, avoids blockage and pulsation, and has the advantages of energy saving, reliability, and fast response. It is especially suitable for metallurgical flue gas treatment environments with high temperature, high dust, and continuous operation, and significantly improves the long-term operating performance of the system.

[0064] Among them, the first nozzle, made of 321 material, has high requirements for temperature resistance and thermal shock resistance. It can be made of metal materials such as 310s material or high-temperature ceramic materials such as silicon carbide. No specific restrictions are made here.

[0065] In embodiments of the invention, such as Figure 5 In the embodiment shown, the second injection main pipe 330 is inserted into the second temperature zone flue section 12 along the radial direction of the second temperature zone flue section 12, and the second injection structure 340 includes a plurality of second nozzles 341 spaced around the second injection main pipe 330.

[0066] By radially inserting the second injection main pipe 330 into the interior of the second temperature zone flue section 12, and by arranging multiple second nozzles 341 at intervals on the second injection main pipe 330, uniform and multi-point distributed injection of the adsorbent in the medium-temperature flue gas region is achieved, which significantly enhances the contact area and mixing efficiency between the adsorbent and the medium-temperature volatile heavy metal vapors such as lead and cadmium.

[0067] Furthermore, the multiple second nozzles 341 arranged in a ring help to balance the disturbance of the flue gas flow field, reduce local ash accumulation and flow deviation, improve the controllability of particle settling, and further enhance the synergistic removal efficiency of heavy metals in the mid-temperature section and the stability of the system in long-term operation.

[0068] In embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 5 In the embodiment shown, multiple second injection structures 340 are provided, and the multiple second injection structures 340 are arranged at intervals along the extension direction of the second injection main pipe 330.

[0069] By setting multiple second injection structures 340 at intervals along the extension direction of the second injection main pipe 330, a multi-level gradient injection layout along the axial direction of the second temperature zone flue section 12 is realized, further optimizing the spatial distribution density and coverage continuity of the adsorbent in the mid-temperature flue gas region.

[0070] Designers can adjust the orientation of the second injection main pipe 330 according to usage needs; no specific restrictions are imposed here. Preferably, such as... Figure 5 In the embodiment shown, the second jet pipe 330 is arranged along the height direction, and the second nozzle 341 is arranged at a downward angle.

[0071] By vertically arranging the second injection main pipe 330 along the height direction and tilting the second nozzle 341 downwards, it is beneficial for the adsorbent powder to diffuse in a fan shape along the flue gas flow direction under the combined effect of gravity and jet airflow, thereby enhancing the penetration ability and distribution uniformity of the adsorbent powder in high-temperature flue gas.

[0072] Furthermore, the downward-sloping injection direction helps guide the particles that have adsorbed heavy metals to be deposited directionally in the bottom area of ​​the flue, reducing their adhesion and accumulation on the sidewalls and top, significantly improving the ash distribution characteristics and reducing the risk of nodulation.

[0073] In an embodiment of the present invention, the second nozzle 341 includes a second straight pipe section 3411; or, the second nozzle 341 includes a second reduced diameter section 3412 connected to the second jet main pipe 330, a second throat section 3413 connected to the second reduced diameter section 3412, and a first expanded diameter section 3214 connected to the second throat section 3413.

[0074] In one feasible specific embodiment, such as Figure 6 In the illustrated embodiment, the second nozzle 341 includes a second straight pipe section 3411. By setting the second nozzle 341 as a straight pipe section, it is beneficial to stabilize the flow pattern of the gas-solid two-phase flow, reduce local eddies and pressure losses caused by bends or converging / diffusing pipes, and ensure that the adsorbent powder maintains a uniform concentration and high kinetic energy during the conveying process.

[0075] In another feasible embodiment, such as Figure 7 In the embodiment shown, the second nozzle 341 includes a second reduced diameter section 3412 connected to the second jet main pipe 330, a second throat section 3413 connected to the second reduced diameter section 3412, and a first expanded diameter section 3214 connected to the second throat section 3413.

[0076] The Venturi flow channel is formed by the second narrowing section 3412, the second throat section 3413, and the second widening section 3414. Utilizing the principles of fluid dynamics, the Venturi flow channel accelerates the gas-solid two-phase flow as it passes through the second narrowing section 3412, and forms a local low-pressure negative pressure zone in the second throat section 3413. This effectively promotes the efficient absorption of adsorbent powder from the second injection main pipe 330 and its full dispersion in the airflow. Subsequently, the velocity is reduced and the pressure is restored in the second widening section 3414, allowing the powder to be injected into the second temperature zone flue section 12 in a uniform and stable state. This significantly improves the mixing efficiency and reaction sufficiency of the adsorbent powder with target components such as metal vapor in the high-temperature flue gas.

[0077] This Venturi flow channel structure enhances self-priming and atomization without the need for additional power, improves conveying stability, avoids blockage and pulsation, and has the advantages of energy saving, reliability, and fast response. It is especially suitable for metallurgical flue gas treatment environments with high temperature, high dust, and continuous operation, and significantly improves the long-term operating performance of the system.

[0078] Among them, the second nozzle, made of material 341, has high requirements for temperature resistance and thermal shock resistance. It can be made of metal materials such as 310s material or high-temperature ceramic materials such as silicon carbide. No specific restrictions are made here.

[0079] In embodiments of the present invention, the first spray structure 320 includes at least four first nozzles 321; and / or, the second spray structure 340 includes at least four second nozzles 341. Preferably, the first spray structure 320 includes at least four first nozzles 321, and the second spray structure 340 includes at least four second nozzles 341.

[0080] By setting at least four first nozzles 321 and two nozzles 341 in each first spray structure 320 and second spray structure 340 respectively, a wide-area fan-shaped spray coverage with multiple angles and directions is achieved, which significantly improves the spatial distribution uniformity and penetration ability of the adsorbent in the high-temperature and medium-temperature flue gas regions.

[0081] In embodiments of the present invention, the sum of the minimum cross-sectional areas of each first nozzle 321 is not greater than the cross-sectional area of ​​the first spray main pipe 310; and / or, the sum of the minimum cross-sectional areas of each second nozzle 341 is not greater than the cross-sectional area of ​​the second spray main pipe 330.

[0082] Preferably, the sum of the minimum cross-sectional areas of each of the first nozzles 321 is not greater than the cross-sectional area of ​​the first spray main pipe 310; and the sum of the minimum cross-sectional areas of each of the second nozzles 341 is not greater than the cross-sectional area of ​​the second spray main pipe 330.

[0083] By setting the sum of the minimum cross-sectional areas of each first nozzle 321 to be no greater than the cross-sectional area of ​​the first injection main pipe 310, and the sum of the minimum cross-sectional areas of each second nozzle 341 to be no greater than the cross-sectional area of ​​the second injection main pipe 330, the airflow velocity and pressure during the adsorbent powder conveying process can be effectively guaranteed. This avoids powder blockage or gas-solid two-phase flow turbulence caused by sudden changes in flow area, helps maintain sufficient air pressure in the first injection main pipe 310 and the second injection main pipe 330, ensures that the adsorbent powder is smoothly conveyed to each first nozzle 321 and the second nozzle 341 and sprayed out evenly, prevents backflow or material accumulation, and improves the reliability and long-term stability of the system operation.

[0084] In embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 1 In the embodiment shown, the powder preparation module 100 includes an adsorbent hopper 110, an adsorbent powder hopper 120, a powder preparation pipeline 130 connecting the adsorbent hopper 110 and the adsorbent powder hopper 120, and a pulverizing assembly disposed on the powder preparation pipeline 130.

[0085] A closed-loop adsorbent processing system is constructed by the adsorbent silo 110, adsorbent powder silo 120, powder preparation pipeline 130, and pulverizing assembly. The adsorbent silo 110 stores the adsorbent to be processed, while the pulverizing assembly performs online crushing and particle size control on the raw particles stored in the silo, ensuring the generation of fine-sized powder that meets the injection requirements. This powder is then transported to the adsorbent powder silo 120 via the powder preparation pipeline 130 for temporary storage. This system achieves continuous and controllable preparation from coarse material to usable powder, significantly improving the automation and response speed of the adsorbent preparation process. It provides a reliable guarantee for subsequent efficient and stable injection and the precise capture of harmful components such as zinc vapor in flue gas.

[0086] In one specific embodiment, such as Figure 1 In the embodiment shown, the pulverizing assembly includes a primary crushing device 140 and a secondary grinding and classifying device 150 arranged sequentially along the conveying direction of the powder preparation pipeline 130.

[0087] The primary crushing device 140 can perform preliminary crushing of lumpy or agglomerated materials from the adsorbent silo 110, reducing particle size, alleviating the load on subsequent processing, and improving overall crushing efficiency.

[0088] Furthermore, the secondary grinding and grading device 150 can finely grind the pre-crushed material and simultaneously implement particle size classification to ensure that the output powder has a uniform particle size distribution and meets the strict requirements of the spraying process for fineness, effectively improving the reaction specific surface area and collection efficiency of the adsorbent and target components such as zinc vapor in the flue gas.

[0089] In embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 1In the embodiment shown, the powder injection module 200 includes a pneumatic nozzle 210, the gas phase inlet of the pneumatic nozzle 210 is used to connect to the pressurized gas source pipeline 220, the inlet of the pneumatic nozzle 210 is controllably connected to the powder preparation module 100, and the outlet of the pneumatic nozzle 210 is controllably connected to the flue gas injection module 300.

[0090] Specifically, the outlet of the pneumatic nozzle 210 is connected to the first injection main pipe 310 and the second injection main pipe 330. By using the pneumatic nozzle 210 as the core conveying device, its gas phase inlet is provided with a power airflow through the pressurized gas source pipeline 220, and the existing medium-low pressure gas at room temperature or low temperature in the plant area can be used as the conveying medium to achieve controllable and stable conveying of adsorbent powder.

[0091] Furthermore, the inlet of the pneumatic nozzle 210 is controllably connected to the outlet of the powder preparation module 100, and the outlet of the pneumatic nozzle 210 is connected to the flue gas injection module 300. By adjusting the pressure and flow of the compression device, the injection rate and dispersion of the powder are precisely controlled, ensuring that high specific surface area CaO and MgO powders can be supplied as needed under different working conditions. Utilizing the gas-solid two-phase flow principle, the adsorbent powder is kept in a suspended state during the conveying process to prevent pipe blockage. It also achieves preliminary dispersion before entering the first injection main pipe 310 and the second injection main pipe 330, thereby improving the subsequent mixing efficiency in the high-temperature flue gas.

[0092] In embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 1 In the embodiment shown, a first control valve 230 is provided between the inlet of the pneumatic nozzle 210 and the powder preparation module 100, a second control valve 240 is provided between the outlet of the pneumatic nozzle 210 and the first injection main pipe 310, and a third control valve 250 is provided between the outlet of the pneumatic nozzle 210 and the second injection main pipe 330.

[0093] The opening and on / off state between the inlet of the pneumatic nozzle 210 and the powder preparation module 100 can be flexibly controlled by the first control valve 230, the opening and on / off state between the outlet of the pneumatic nozzle 210 and the first injection main pipe 310 can be flexibly controlled by the second control valve 240, and the opening and on / off state between the outlet of the pneumatic nozzle 210 and the second injection main pipe 330 can be flexibly controlled by the third control valve 250.

[0094] In embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 1 The embodiment shown further includes an injection control module 400 for the flue gas anti-adhesion coupling system for electric arc furnace smelting process. The injection control module 400 is electrically connected to the powder preparation module 100, the powder injection module 200 and the flue gas injection module 300. The injection control module 400 can be used to control the operating status of the powder preparation module 100, the powder injection module 200 and the flue gas injection module 300 based on the production rhythm of the electric arc furnace.

[0095] By setting up an injection control module 400 and electrically connecting it to the powder preparation module 100, the powder injection module 200, and the flue gas injection module 300, intelligent linkage control of the entire process of adsorbent preparation, delivery, and injection is achieved. This injection control module 400 can adjust the start-up and shutdown sequence, operating parameters, and injection intensity of each module in real time based on the production rhythm of different smelting stages of the smelting furnace. This ensures accurate adsorbent delivery under critical operating conditions of significant fluctuations in flue gas heavy metal concentration and drastic temperature changes, improving resource utilization efficiency and avoiding waste or secondary pollution caused by excessive injection.

[0096] For example, by integrating a PLC or DCS control system, the injection control module 400 can dynamically adjust the preparation rate, delivery pressure and injection sequence of the adsorbent according to the preset process logic or the real-time monitoring signals of flue gas temperature, flow rate and metal vapor concentration, so as to achieve precise dosing on demand and avoid resource waste and subsequent dust removal load caused by excessive injection.

[0097] The intelligent control strategy of the injection control module 400 not only enhances the system's adaptability to complex working conditions, but also effectively coordinates the synergistic effect of anti-adhesion and carbon fixation reaction, extends the cleaning cycle of flue gas ducts and subsequent heat exchange equipment, and improves the stability and automation level of the entire flue gas system.

[0098] In embodiments of the present invention, the designer may adjust the specific positions of the first temperature zone flue section 11 and the second temperature zone flue section 12 according to usage needs, without specific limitations. Preferably, the first temperature zone flue section 11 is a vaporization cooling flue or an insulated flue. In one specific embodiment, the first temperature zone flue section 11 is a vaporization cooling flue. In another specific embodiment, the first temperature zone flue section 11 is an insulated flue.

[0099] By setting the first temperature zone flue section 11 as a vaporization cooling flue or an insulated flue, the rapid cooling and heat recovery requirements of high-temperature flue gas (typically 800℃-1400℃) can be effectively met. The vaporization cooling flue can generate steam through internal heat absorption by the medium, achieving cascaded energy utilization. The insulated flue, on the other hand, uses refractory materials to delay heat loss and maintain flue gas temperature, thus inhibiting premature condensation of certain heavy metals. This helps maintain the gaseous state of highly volatile metals such as zinc and tin in the high-temperature zone, preventing them from prematurely precipitating and adhering within the pipe, thereby reducing the risk of blockage.

[0100] More preferably, the second temperature zone flue section 12 is a medium-temperature flue or a transition flue located before the waste heat boiler. In one specific embodiment, the second temperature zone flue section 12 is a medium-temperature flue. In another specific embodiment, the second temperature zone flue section 12 is a transition flue located before the waste heat boiler.

[0101] By setting the second temperature zone flue section 12 as a medium temperature flue or a transition flue located in front of the waste heat boiler, its working temperature range is adapted to the range of 500℃-800℃, which is in the critical temperature zone where lead, cadmium and some organic pollutants are easy to condense and precipitate. Arranging an adsorbent injection system in this area can achieve efficient capture of medium and low temperature volatile pollutants.

[0102] All articles and references disclosed herein, including patent applications and publications, are incorporated herein by reference for various purposes. The term “substantially constitutes…” used to describe a combination should include the identified element, component, part, or step, as well as other elements, components, parts, or steps that do not substantially affect the essential novelty of the combination. The use of the terms “comprising” or “including” to describe combinations of elements, components, parts, or steps herein also contemplates embodiments substantially constituted by such elements, components, parts, or steps. The use of the term “may” herein is intended to indicate that any described attribute “may” include is optional. Multiple elements, components, parts, or steps can be provided by a single integrated element, component, part, or step. Alternatively, a single integrated element, component, part, or step can be divided into multiple separate elements, components, parts, or steps. The disclosure of “a” or “an” used to describe an element, component, part, or step does not imply exclusion of other elements, components, parts, or steps.

[0103] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on its differences from other embodiments. Similar or identical parts between embodiments can be referred to interchangeably. The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical concept and features of the present invention, and are intended to enable those skilled in the art to understand the content of the present invention and implement it accordingly. They should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. All equivalent changes or modifications made according to the spirit and essence of the present invention should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A flue gas carbon sequestration and emission reduction system for preventing adhesion in smelting furnaces, characterized in that, include: The smelting furnace flue includes a first temperature zone flue section and a second temperature zone flue section arranged sequentially along the flue gas conveying direction. A powder preparation module for generating adsorbent powder; A powder injection module, which is controllably connected to the powder preparation module, is used to transport adsorbent powder produced by the powder preparation module; A flue gas injection module, which is controllably connected to the powder injection module, includes a first injection main pipe disposed on a first temperature zone flue section, a first injection structure disposed on the first injection main pipe and located within the first temperature zone flue section, a second injection main pipe disposed on a second temperature zone flue section, and a first injection structure disposed on the second injection main pipe and located within the second temperature zone flue section.

2. The flue gas anti-adhesion coupling system for carbon sequestration and emission reduction in smelting furnaces as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The first injection main pipe is inserted into the first temperature zone flue section along the radial direction of the first temperature zone flue section, and the first injection structure includes a plurality of first nozzles spaced around the first injection main pipe.

3. The flue gas anti-adhesion coupling system for carbon sequestration and emission reduction in smelting furnaces as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The first spray structure is provided in multiple ways, and the multiple first spray structures are arranged at intervals along the extension direction of the first spray main tube.

4. The flue gas anti-adhesion coupling system for carbon sequestration and emission reduction in smelting furnaces as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The first spray pipe is set along the height direction, and the first nozzle is set at a downward tilt.

5. The flue gas anti-adhesion coupling system for carbon sequestration and emission reduction in smelting furnaces as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The first nozzle includes a first straight pipe section; or, the first nozzle includes a first reduced diameter section connected to the first main spray pipe, a first throat section connected to the first reduced diameter section, and a first expanded diameter section connected to the first throat section.

6. The flue gas anti-adhesion coupling system for carbon sequestration and emission reduction in smelting furnaces as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The second injection main pipe is inserted into the second temperature zone flue section along the radial direction of the second temperature zone flue section, and the second injection structure includes a plurality of second nozzles spaced around the second injection main pipe.

7. The flue gas anti-adhesion coupling system for carbon sequestration and emission reduction in smelting furnaces as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The second spray structure is provided in multiple ways, and the multiple second spray structures are arranged at intervals along the extension direction of the second spray main pipe.

8. The flue gas anti-adhesion coupling system for carbon sequestration and emission reduction in smelting furnaces as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The second spray pipe is positioned along the height direction, and the second nozzle is positioned at a downward angle.

9. The flue gas anti-adhesion coupling system for carbon sequestration and emission reduction in smelting furnaces as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The second nozzle includes a second straight pipe section; or, the second nozzle includes a second reduced diameter section connected to the second main spray pipe, a second throat section connected to the second reduced diameter section, and a first expanded diameter section connected to the second throat section.

10. The flue gas anti-adhesion coupling system for carbon sequestration and emission reduction in smelting furnaces as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The first spray structure includes at least four first nozzles; and / or, the second spray structure includes at least four second nozzles.

11. The flue gas anti-adhesion coupling system for carbon sequestration and emission reduction in smelting furnaces as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The sum of the minimum cross-sectional areas of each of the first nozzles is not greater than the cross-sectional area of ​​the first spray main pipe; and / or, the sum of the minimum cross-sectional areas of each of the second nozzles is not greater than the cross-sectional area of ​​the second spray main pipe.

12. The flue gas anti-adhesion coupling system for carbon sequestration and emission reduction in smelting furnaces as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The powder preparation module includes an adsorbent silo, an adsorbent powder silo, a powder preparation pipeline connecting the adsorbent silo and the adsorbent powder silo, and a pulverizing component disposed on the powder preparation pipeline.

13. The flue gas anti-adhesion coupling system for carbon sequestration and emission reduction in smelting furnaces as described in claim 12, characterized in that, The pulverizing assembly includes a primary crushing device and a secondary grinding and grading device arranged sequentially along the conveying direction of the powder preparation pipeline.

14. The flue gas anti-adhesion coupling system for carbon sequestration and emission reduction in smelting furnaces as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The powder injection module includes a pneumatic nozzle. The gas phase inlet of the pneumatic nozzle is used to connect to a pressurized gas source pipeline. The inlet of the pneumatic nozzle is controllably connected to the powder preparation module, and the outlet of the pneumatic nozzle is controllably connected to the flue gas injection module.

15. The flue gas anti-adhesion coupling system for carbon sequestration and emission reduction in smelting furnaces as described in claim 14, characterized in that, A first control valve is provided between the inlet of the pneumatic nozzle and the powder preparation module, a second control valve is provided between the outlet of the pneumatic nozzle and the first injection main pipe, and a third control valve is provided between the outlet of the pneumatic nozzle and the second injection main pipe.

16. The flue gas anti-adhesion coupling system for carbon sequestration and emission reduction in smelting furnaces as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The flue gas anti-adhesion coupling system for electric arc furnace smelting process also includes an injection control module. The injection control module is electrically connected to the powder preparation module, the powder injection module and the flue gas injection module. The injection control module can be used to control the operating status of the powder preparation module, the powder injection module and the flue gas injection module based on the production rhythm of the electric arc furnace.

17. The flue gas anti-adhesion coupling system for carbon sequestration and emission reduction in smelting furnaces as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The first temperature zone flue section is a vaporization cooling flue or an insulated flue, and the second temperature zone flue section is a medium temperature section flue or a transition section flue.

Images