Green hydrogen electricity storage system, control method, control device and readable storage medium

Abstract

The invention provides a green hydrogen power storage system, a control method, a control device and a readable storage medium, the green hydrogen power storage system is used for supplying power to a load, and the green hydrogen power storage system comprises a photovoltaic module, a wind power generation module, a hydrogen production device, a gas compression device, a hydrogen storage container, a hydrogen energy power generation device and the control device, the hydrogen production device is electrically connected with the photovoltaic module and the wind power generation module respectively; the first end of the gas compression device is communicated with the hydrogen production device; the hydrogen storage container is communicated with the second end of the gas compression device; the hydrogen energy power generation device is connected with the hydrogen storage container; the control device is in communication connection with the hydrogen production device, the gas compression device, the hydrogen storage container and the hydrogen energy power generation device. The control device controls the hydrogen production device, the gas compression device, the hydrogen storage container and the hydrogen energy power generation device to work based on the working state of the green hydrogen power storage system. The green hydrogen electricity storage system can balance the hydrogen production rate, the hydrogen storage pressure and the electricity generation power, and then the electric energy utilization rate is increased.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of green hydrogen energy storage, in particular to a green hydrogen energy storage system, a control method and device, and a readable storage medium. BACKGROUND

[0002] In related art, the intermittency and volatility of renewable energy (such as wind energy and solar energy) lead to unstable power supply, and the existing green hydrogen energy storage technology has low efficiency, poor safety and slow dynamic response in the hydrogen production, hydrogen storage and power generation links, which is difficult to meet the stable power supply demand of the power grid on a long time scale. SUMMARY

[0003] The present application aims to at least solve one of the technical problems existing in the prior art or related art.

[0004] To this end, the first aspect of the present application provides a green hydrogen energy storage system.

[0005] The second aspect of the present application provides a control method of a green hydrogen energy storage system.

[0006] The third aspect of the present application provides a control device of a green hydrogen energy storage system.

[0007] The fourth aspect of the present application provides another control device of a green hydrogen energy storage system.

[0008] The fifth aspect of the present application provides a readable storage medium.

[0009] Therefore, the first aspect of the present application provides a green hydrogen energy storage system for supplying power to a load, which comprises a photovoltaic assembly, a wind power generation assembly, a hydrogen production device, a gas compression device, a hydrogen storage container, a hydrogen energy power generation device and a control device. The hydrogen production device is electrically connected to the photovoltaic assembly and the wind power generation assembly respectively. The first end of the gas compression device is in communication with the hydrogen production device. The hydrogen storage container is in communication with the second end of the gas compression device, and is used to store gaseous hydrogen or liquid ammonia compressed by the gas compression device. The hydrogen energy power generation device is connected to the hydrogen storage container. The control device is in communication connection with the hydrogen production device, the gas compression device, the hydrogen storage container and the hydrogen energy power generation device respectively. The control device controls the hydrogen production device, the gas compression device, the hydrogen storage container and the hydrogen energy power generation device based on the working state of the green hydrogen energy storage system.

[0010] The green hydrogen power storage system provided by the application is used for power supply to a load, and comprises a photovoltaic assembly, a wind power generation assembly, a hydrogen production device, a gas compression device, a hydrogen storage container, a hydrogen energy power generation device and a control device. The hydrogen production device is electrically connected with the photovoltaic assembly and the wind power generation assembly respectively; a first end of the gas compression device is communicated with the hydrogen production device; the hydrogen storage container is communicated with a second end of the gas compression device, and is used for storing gaseous hydrogen or liquid ammonia compressed by the gas compression device; the hydrogen energy power generation device is connected with the hydrogen storage container; and the control device is communicatively connected with the hydrogen production device, the gas compression device, the hydrogen storage container and the hydrogen energy power generation device. The application controls the hydrogen production device, the gas compression device, the hydrogen storage container and the hydrogen energy power generation device to work based on the working state of the green hydrogen power storage system through the control device, so as to solve the intermittency and volatility of renewable energy and realize stable and zero-carbon power supply in a long time scale. Specifically, when the photovoltaic and wind power generation output is abundant and exceeds the instantaneous demand of the load, the system can store the excess green power as hydrogen (i.e. "green hydrogen") through the water electrolysis device, which is equivalent to converting uncontrollable excess power into high-value chemical energy. Conversely, when the wind and light output is insufficient or there is no wind or light, the system can convert the stored hydrogen into electrical energy through the power generation device, reliably supporting the power grid or off-grid load. Specifically, the application can continuously supply power for 24 hours under the condition of no wind and light input, outputting stable 100kW power, thereby improving the consumption rate of renewable energy and the resilience of the power grid.

[0011] In the above, the photovoltaic assembly and the wind power generation assembly are the power sources of the system, responsible for capturing primary renewable energy such as solar energy and wind energy. The hydrogen production device can include an alkaline electrolytic cell and / or a proton exchange membrane electrolytic cell, which uses renewable energy power to electrolyze water and produce green hydrogen. The gas compression device is responsible for pressurizing the produced low-pressure hydrogen to meet the pressure requirements of storage or subsequent use. The hydrogen storage container is a high-pressure hydrogen storage tank or other container that can store hydrogen, and can specifically use a hydrogen storage container with a high-pressure gaseous-adsorption material cooperative structure to improve hydrogen storage density and safety. The application stores "liquid ammonia" through the integration of a hydrogen-ammonia conversion unit in the system, realizes long-term energy storage, converts gaseous hydrogen into liquid ammonia which is easier to store and transport, thereby greatly optimizing long-term storage efficiency and suppressing hydrogen escape. The hydrogen energy power generation device is the release end of the system, which can be a 100kW pure hydrogen gas turbine, and is configured with a solid oxide fuel cell module, both of which work together to efficiently convert the chemical energy of hydrogen energy back into electrical energy. The gas turbine can also use its rotational inertia to provide valuable primary inertia support to the power grid. The control device, i.e. the energy management module, based on the built-in fine dynamic model, monitors and intelligently coordinates the whole process from hydrogen production, hydrogen storage to power generation in real time, ensuring system dynamic balance.

[0012] The application is intelligent switching of two or more states, which is dominated by the control device. In the "energy storage state", when the control device determines through sensor data that the wind and solar power generation power is greater than the load demand, the electrolytic cell is preferentially started or the hydrogen production rate is increased, and the generated hydrogen is stored in the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank after compression; if the hydrogen production is continuously excessive, the hydrogen ammonia conversion mechanism is started to solidify the hydrogen into liquid ammonia for long-term storage. In the power generation support state, when the wind and solar power generation is insufficient to meet the load, the control device instructs the hydrogen storage system to release hydrogen, and coordinates the work of the hydrogen energy power generation device: usually let the solid oxide fuel cell provide basic power in an efficient and stable state, adjust the output of the pure hydrogen gas turbine, use its fast response characteristics to compensate for the power difference, and rely on its rotating mechanical inertia to naturally smooth the instantaneous fluctuations of the power grid, realizing seamless connection from fluctuating renewable energy to stable and reliable power.

[0013] In some technical solutions, the hydrogen production device includes an alkaline electrolytic cell and / or a proton exchange membrane electrolytic cell; and the hydrogen energy power generation device includes a solid oxide fuel cell and a hydrogen gas turbine.

[0014] In the technical solutions of the application, the hydrogen production device includes an alkaline electrolytic cell and / or a proton exchange membrane electrolytic cell; and the hydrogen energy power generation device includes a solid oxide fuel cell and a hydrogen gas turbine. Through the diversification and collaborative configuration of key components, the comprehensive ability of the system to cope with the fluctuation of renewable energy and realize efficient energy conversion is improved. Specifically, in the hydrogen production link, alkaline electrolytic cells and proton exchange membrane electrolytic cells are configured at the same time to form a hydrogen production structure with complementary advantages. The alkaline electrolytic cell technology is mature and the cost is relatively low, and the proton exchange membrane electrolytic cell has the outstanding advantage of excellent dynamic response characteristics, which can quickly track the changes of wind and solar output. This combination makes the system use the more cost-effective alkaline electrolytic cell when the wind and solar power is stable, and preferentially or auxiliary use the proton exchange membrane electrolytic cell when the power fluctuates sharply, thereby ensuring the hydrogen production efficiency while enhancing the adaptability of the system to unstable power sources.

[0015] In the power generation link, the solid oxide fuel cell and the hydrogen gas turbine are configured to work cooperatively. The solid oxide fuel cell is suitable for providing stable basic power due to its high electrochemical conversion efficiency in static operation, and the 100kW pure hydrogen gas turbine as the core can utilize the inertia of the rotating machinery to provide the original inertia support for the power grid which is difficult to be provided by power electronic equipment, and quickly respond to load fluctuations. The static and dynamic, the stable and fast, cooperatively guarantee the stable output of 100kW constant power, and solve the respective bottlenecks of slow dynamic response of the fuel cell and combustion temperature transient of the pure hydrogen gas turbine. In some technical solutions, optionally, the gas compression device further comprises a hydrogen-ammonia conversion unit, an input end of the hydrogen-ammonia conversion unit is connected with the compression unit in the gas compression device, and an output end of the hydrogen-ammonia conversion unit is connected with the hydrogen storage container; wherein, when the pressure of the hydrogen storage container is higher than a set threshold or the hydrogen storage time exceeds a time threshold, the hydrogen-ammonia conversion unit converts gaseous hydrogen into liquid ammonia for solidification storage.

[0016] In the technical solution of the present application, the hydrogen-ammonia conversion unit is introduced, and high-pressure gaseous hydrogen storage has a long-term leakage risk and low storage efficiency. The present application no longer limits hydrogen storage to physical form (high-pressure gas state), but introduces the concept of chemical chain storage. When the pressure of the hydrogen storage container is higher than a set threshold (such as a 35MPa system close to the design upper limit) or it is judged that hydrogen needs to be stored for a long time (such as seasonal energy storage demand defined by a "time threshold"), instead of simply discharging or stopping hydrogen production, the hydrogen-ammonia conversion unit is started to synthesize liquid ammonia from gaseous hydrogen and nitrogen in the air under the action of a catalyst. Specifically, liquid ammonia only needs to be maintained at -33℃ at normal pressure to remain in a liquid state, which is much easier to store and transport than liquid hydrogen (-252.8℃), reducing the energy consumption and equipment cost of long-term storage. At the same time, as a carrier of hydrogen, ammonia has much lower escape than hydrogen, and there is mature infrastructure and experience for its storage and transportation in society, thereby significantly inhibiting hydrogen escape, so that the system can not only cope with the daily fluctuations of wind and light resources, but also extend to cope with seasonal imbalances, realizing multi-day or even seasonal energy storage.

[0017] The second aspect of the present application provides a control method of a green hydrogen energy storage system, the control method of the green hydrogen energy storage system being used in the green hydrogen energy storage system of any one of the above technical solutions, and the method comprising: obtaining a power demand value of a load, a power generation output value of a photovoltaic component and a wind power generation component, and a pressure value in a hydrogen storage container; determining a working state of the green hydrogen energy storage system according to the pressure value, the power generation output value and the power demand value, the working state comprising an energy storage state and a power generation support state; when the working state of the green hydrogen energy storage system is the energy storage state, controlling a hydrogen production device to be turned on and starting a gas compression device; when the working state of the green hydrogen energy storage system is the power generation support state, controlling a hydrogen energy power generation device to supply power to the load.

[0018] The present application is based on the input decision system that whether the surplus energy should be converted into hydrogen energy storage (energy storage state) or should release hydrogen energy to make up for the power gap (power generation support state). It ensures that renewable energy can be maximized, and the surplus wind and light is not wasted, and the wind and light is not enough. The realization of 24-hour 100kW continuous power supply under no wind and light input can solve the intermittent problem of renewable energy, and significantly improve the resilience and reliability of the power grid.

[0019] The third aspect of the present application provides a green hydrogen power storage system control device for implementing the steps of the green hydrogen power storage system control method of any one of the above technical solutions. The green hydrogen power storage system control device comprises a first acquisition module, a second acquisition module, a third acquisition module and a fourth acquisition module. The first acquisition module is used to acquire the power demand value of the load, the power generation output value of the photovoltaic module and the wind power generation module, and the pressure value in the hydrogen storage container; the second acquisition module is used to determine the working state of the green hydrogen power storage system according to the pressure value, the power generation output value and the power demand value, the working state including the energy storage state and the power generation support state; the third acquisition module is used to control the hydrogen production device to start when the working state of the green hydrogen power storage system is the energy storage state, and start the gas compression device; the fourth acquisition module is used to control the hydrogen power generation device to supply power to the load when the working state of the green hydrogen power storage system is the power generation support state.

[0020] The fourth aspect of the present application provides a green hydrogen power storage system control device, comprising a processor and a memory, the memory storing programs or instructions, and the processor implementing the steps of the green hydrogen power storage system control method of any one of the above technical solutions when executing the programs or instructions in the memory. Therefore, the green hydrogen power storage system control device has all the beneficial effects of the green hydrogen power storage system control method of any one of the above technical solutions.

[0021] The fifth aspect of the present application provides a readable storage medium, the readable storage medium storing programs or instructions, and the programs or instructions being executed by the processor to implement the steps of the green hydrogen power storage system control method of any one of the above technical solutions. Therefore, the readable storage medium has all the beneficial effects of the green hydrogen power storage system control method of any one of the above technical solutions.

[0022] Additional aspects and advantages of the application will be described in part in the description which follows, and in part will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon examination of the following description or can be learned by practice of the application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0023] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present application will become apparent and be readily appreciated from the description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the following drawings in which:

[0024] Figure 1One of the schematic block diagrams of a green hydrogen electricity storage system according to one embodiment of the present application;

[0025] Figure 2 One of the schematic block diagrams of a green hydrogen electricity storage system according to one embodiment of the present application;

[0026] Figure 3 One of the schematic block diagrams of a green hydrogen electricity storage system according to one embodiment of the present application;

[0027] Figure 4 One of the schematic block diagrams of a green hydrogen electricity storage system according to one embodiment of the present application;

[0028] Figure 5 One of the schematic block diagrams of a green hydrogen electricity storage system according to one embodiment of the present application;

[0029] Figure 6 One of the schematic block diagrams of a green hydrogen electricity storage system according to one embodiment of the present application;

[0030] Figure 7 One of the schematic block diagrams of a green hydrogen electricity storage system according to one embodiment of the present application;

[0031] Figure 8 One of the schematic block diagrams of a green hydrogen electricity storage system according to one embodiment of the present application;

[0032] Figure 9 One of the schematic block diagrams of a green hydrogen electricity storage system according to one embodiment of the present application.

[0033] Related components:

[0034] 100 green hydrogen electricity storage system, 110 load, 112 photovoltaic assembly, 114 wind power generation assembly, 116 hydrogen production device, 118 gas compression device, 120 hydrogen storage container, 122 hydrogen energy power generation device, 124 control device, 126 alkaline electrolyzer, 128 proton exchange membrane electrolyzer, 130 solid oxide fuel cell, 132 hydrogen gas turbine, 134 hydrogen ammonia conversion unit, 136 compression unit. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] In order to enable a more clear understanding of the above-mentioned purposes, features and advantages of the present application, the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that the embodiments of the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0036] In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present application. However, it will be apparent to one skilled in the art that the present application can be practiced without the specific details set forth in this description, that the present application can be practiced with other systems, and that the present application can be practiced using other techniques.

[0037] The following description is made with reference to the accompanying drawings in which Figures 1 to 9 A green hydrogen storage power system and a control method, a control device and a readable storage medium according to some embodiments of the present application are described.

[0038] As Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown, a green hydrogen storage power system 100 is provided in the embodiments of the present application, the green hydrogen storage power system 100 is used to supply power to a load 110, and the green hydrogen storage power system 100 includes a photovoltaic assembly 112, a wind power generation assembly 114, a hydrogen production device 116, a gas compression device 118, a hydrogen storage container 120, a hydrogen energy power generation device 122 and a control device 124. The hydrogen production device 116 is electrically connected to the photovoltaic assembly 112 and the wind power generation assembly 114, respectively. A first end of the gas compression device 118 is in communication with the hydrogen production device 116. The hydrogen storage container 120 is in communication with a second end of the gas compression device 118, and the hydrogen storage container 120 is used to store gaseous hydrogen or liquid ammonia compressed by the gas compression device 118. The hydrogen energy power generation device 122 is connected to the hydrogen storage container 120. The control device 124 is communicatively connected to the hydrogen production device 116, the gas compression device 118, the hydrogen storage container 120 and the hydrogen energy power generation device 122, respectively. The control device 124 controls the hydrogen production device 116, the gas compression device 118, the hydrogen storage container 120 and the hydrogen energy power generation device 122 to work based on the working state of the green hydrogen storage power system 100.

[0039] The green hydrogen electricity storage system 100 provided by the application is used for supplying power to the load 110, and comprises a photovoltaic assembly 112, a wind power generation assembly 114, a hydrogen production device 116, a gas compression device 118, a hydrogen storage container 120, a hydrogen energy power generation device 122 and a control device 124. The hydrogen production device 116 is electrically connected with the photovoltaic assembly 112 and the wind power generation assembly 114 respectively; a first end of the gas compression device 118 is in communication with the hydrogen production device 116; the hydrogen storage container 120 is in communication with a second end of the gas compression device 118, and is used for storing gaseous hydrogen or liquid ammonia compressed by the gas compression device 118; the hydrogen energy power generation device 122 is connected with the hydrogen storage container 120; the control device 124 is communicatively connected with the hydrogen production device 116, the gas compression device 118, the hydrogen storage container 120 and the hydrogen energy power generation device 122 respectively; the application controls the hydrogen production device 116, the gas compression device 118, the hydrogen storage container 120 and the hydrogen energy power generation device 122 to work based on the working state of the green hydrogen electricity storage system 100 through the control device 124, which can solve the intermittency and volatility of renewable energy and realize stable and zero-carbon power supply in a long time scale. Specifically, when the photovoltaic and wind power generation output is abundant and exceeds the instantaneous demand of the load 110, the system can store the excess green power into hydrogen (i.e., “green hydrogen”) through the water electrolysis device, which is equivalent to converting uncontrollable excess power into high-value chemical energy. Conversely, when the wind and light output is insufficient or there is no wind and light, the system can convert the stored hydrogen into electrical energy through the power generation device, which can reliably support the power grid or off-grid load 110. Specifically, the application can supply power for 24 hours under the condition of no wind and light input, output stable 100kW power, and further improve the renewable energy consumption rate and the resilience of the power grid.

[0040] In the above, the photovoltaic module 112 and the wind power module 114 are the power sources of the system, responsible for capturing primary renewable energy such as solar energy and wind energy. The hydrogen production device 116 can include an alkaline electrolyzer 126 and / or a proton exchange membrane electrolyzer 128, which uses renewable energy electricity to electrolyze water to produce green hydrogen. The gas compression device 118 is responsible for pressurizing the produced low-pressure hydrogen to meet the pressure requirements of storage or subsequent use. The hydrogen storage container 120 is a high-pressure hydrogen storage tank or other container that can store hydrogen of the system, which can specifically use a hydrogen storage container 120 with a high-pressure gaseous-adsorption material cooperative structure to improve hydrogen storage density and safety. The application stores "liquid ammonia", which is realized by integrating a hydrogen-ammonia conversion unit 134 in the system to realize long-term energy storage, convert gaseous hydrogen into liquid ammonia which is easier to store and transport, thereby greatly optimizing long-term storage efficiency and suppressing hydrogen escape. The hydrogen energy power generation device 122 is the release end of the system, which can be a 100kW pure hydrogen gas turbine 132, and is configured with a module composed of a solid oxide fuel cell 130, which cooperates to efficiently convert the chemical energy of hydrogen energy back into electrical energy. Among them, the gas turbine can also use its rotational inertia to provide valuable primary inertia support for the power grid. The control device 124, i.e., the energy management module, based on the built-in fine dynamic model, monitors and intelligently coordinates the whole process from hydrogen production, hydrogen storage to power generation in real time, ensuring system dynamic balance.

[0041] The application is the intelligent switching of two or more states, which is dominated by the control device 124. In the "energy storage state", when the control device 124 determines through sensor data that the wind and solar power generation power is greater than the demand of the load 110, it will preferentially drive the electrolyzer to start or increase the hydrogen production rate, and the produced hydrogen is stored in the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank after compression; if the hydrogen production continues to be excessive, the hydrogen-ammonia conversion mechanism is started to solidify the hydrogen into liquid ammonia for long-term storage. In the power generation support state, when the wind and solar power generation is insufficient to meet the load 110, the control device 124 instructs the hydrogen storage system to release hydrogen, and coordinates the work of the hydrogen energy power generation device 122: usually let the solid oxide fuel cell 130 provide basic power in an efficient and stable state, while adjusting the output of the pure hydrogen gas turbine 132, using its fast response characteristics to compensate for the power difference, and relying on its rotating mechanical inertia to naturally smooth the instantaneous fluctuations of the power grid, realizing seamless connection from fluctuating renewable energy to stable and reliable power.

[0042] In some embodiments, optionally, the hydrogen production device 116 includes an alkaline electrolyzer 126 and / or a proton exchange membrane electrolyzer 128; the hydrogen energy power generation device 122 includes a solid oxide fuel cell 130 and a hydrogen gas turbine 132.

[0043] In embodiments of the present application, the hydrogen production device 116 includes an alkaline electrolyzer 126 and / or a proton exchange membrane electrolyzer 128; the hydrogen energy power generation device 122 includes a solid oxide fuel cell 130 and a hydrogen gas turbine 132. Through diversification and collaborative configuration of key components, the comprehensive ability of the system to respond to renewable energy volatility and achieve efficient energy conversion is improved. Specifically, in the hydrogen production link, the alkaline electrolyzer 126 and the proton exchange membrane electrolyzer 128 are configured at the same time, forming a complementary hydrogen production structure. The alkaline electrolyzer 126 is mature in technology and relatively low in cost, while the proton exchange membrane electrolyzer 128 has the outstanding advantage of excellent dynamic response characteristics, which can quickly track the changes in wind and light output. This combination allows the system to use the more cost-effective alkaline electrolyzer 126 when wind and light power is stable, and to preferentially or assist the use of the proton exchange membrane electrolyzer 128 when power fluctuates dramatically, thereby ensuring hydrogen production efficiency while enhancing the system's adaptability to unstable power sources.

[0044] In the power generation link, the configuration of the solid oxide fuel cell 130 and the hydrogen gas turbine 132 realizes collaborative work. The solid oxide fuel cell 130 runs statically and has extremely high electrochemical conversion efficiency, making it suitable for providing stable basic power, while the 100kW pure hydrogen gas turbine 132 as the core can use the inertia of its rotating machinery to provide native inertia support for the power grid that is difficult to provide by power electronic devices, and quickly respond to load fluctuations. One static and one dynamic, one stable and one fast, collaborative guarantee the stable output of 100kW constant power, solving the respective bottlenecks of slow dynamic response of fuel cells and combustion temperature transients faced by pure hydrogen gas turbines 132. In some embodiments, optionally, the gas compression device 118 also includes a hydrogen-ammonia conversion unit 134, the input end of the hydrogen-ammonia conversion unit 134 is connected with the compression unit 136 in the gas compression device 118, and the output end of the hydrogen-ammonia conversion unit 134 is connected with the hydrogen storage container 120; wherein the hydrogen-ammonia conversion unit 134 converts gaseous hydrogen into liquid ammonia for solidification storage when the pressure of the hydrogen storage container 120 is higher than a set threshold or the hydrogen storage time exceeds a time threshold.

[0045] In the embodiments of the present application, the hydrogen-ammonia conversion unit 134 is introduced. High-pressure gaseous hydrogen storage has a long-term leakage risk and low storage efficiency. The present application no longer limits hydrogen storage to physical form (high-pressure gas state), but introduces the concept of chemical chain storage. When the pressure of the hydrogen storage container 120 is higher than a set threshold (such as a 35 MPa system close to the design upper limit) or it is judged that hydrogen needs to be stored for a long time (such as seasonal energy storage demand defined by a "time threshold"), instead of simply discharging or stopping hydrogen production, the hydrogen-ammonia conversion unit 134 is started to synthesize liquid ammonia from gaseous hydrogen and nitrogen in the air under the action of a catalyst. Specifically, liquid ammonia only needs to be -33℃ at normal pressure to maintain a liquid state, which is much easier to store and transport than liquid hydrogen (-252.8℃), reducing the energy consumption and equipment cost of long-term storage. At the same time, ammonia as a carrier of hydrogen has much lower escape than hydrogen, and there is mature infrastructure and experience for its storage and transportation in society, thereby significantly inhibiting hydrogen escape, so that the system can not only cope with the daily fluctuations of wind and light resources, but also extend to cope with seasonal imbalances, achieving multi-day-level or even seasonal-level energy storage.

[0046] In the embodiments of the present application, the green hydrogen storage and power generation system 100 is designed and intelligently controlled through the whole chain integration of wind and light hydrogen production, high-pressure hydrogen storage, and hydrogen energy power generation, avoiding energy fluctuations and energy waste caused by the intermittency of renewable energy.

[0047] The wind-solar hydrogen production is to obtain clean energy through the photovoltaic assembly 112 and the wind power generation assembly 114, and to use the excess power of the photovoltaic assembly 112 and the wind power generation assembly 114 for hydrogen production by using the hydrogen production device 116. The proton exchange membrane electrolyzer 128 in the hydrogen production device 116 has the ability of fast start and stop and power regulation, and improves the dynamic response capability. The photovoltaic assembly 112 and the wind power generation assembly 114 in the wind-solar power generation hydrogen production system capture energy as the power source, and the hydrogen production device 116 such as the alkaline electrolyzer 126 and the proton exchange membrane electrolyzer 128 uses the power for preparing green hydrogen. The excellent dynamic response characteristics of the proton exchange membrane electrolyzer 128 effectively adapt to the sharp fluctuation of the wind-solar power. Simulation shows that it can quickly track the current change and maximize the consumption of “abandoned wind and light”. The hydrogen produced is pressurized by the gas compression device 118, and then enters the hydrogen storage container 120 with a high-pressure gaseous and adsorption material cooperative structure for storage, which significantly improves the hydrogen storage density and safety. The empirical data shows that the gas pressure fluctuation range of the storage tank can be effectively compressed to within 8 MPa in the charging and discharging coupling state. When the system determines that long-term energy storage is needed, the integrated hydrogen-ammonia conversion unit 134 starts to convert gaseous hydrogen into more stable and easy-to-store liquid ammonia, so as to extend the energy storage time from “intra-day” to “seasonal level”, greatly optimizing the long-term storage efficiency. In the power generation link, the hydrogen energy power generation device 122 cooperates with the solid oxide fuel cell 130 and the 100kW pure hydrogen gas turbine 132. The former provides basic power with high efficiency and stability, and the latter uses the rotating mechanical inertia to provide valuable original inertia support. Simulation verification shows that the speed adjustment time is about 30 seconds under the disturbance of fuel flow, and it can cooperate to output stable 100kW constant power. Finally, all the above processes are globally coordinated by the control device 124, which intelligently switches between “energy storage” and “power generation support” based on real-time data, thereby verifying the ability of the system to realize 24-hour continuous power supply under the condition of no wind and light input, and significantly improving the resilience of the power grid.

[0048] As Figure 3 The embodiment of the present application provides a control method of a green hydrogen energy storage system. The control method of the green hydrogen energy storage system is used in the green hydrogen energy storage system in any one of the above embodiments. The steps of the method include:

[0049] Step 202, acquiring the power demand value of the load, the power generation output value of the photovoltaic assembly and the wind power generation assembly, and the pressure value in the hydrogen storage container;

[0050] Step 204, determining the working state of the green hydrogen energy storage system according to the pressure value, the power generation output value and the power demand value. The working state includes an energy storage state and a power generation support state;

[0051] Step 206, when the working state of the green hydrogen energy storage system is the energy storage state, controlling the hydrogen production device to start, and starting the gas compression device;

[0052] Step 208, when the working state of the green hydrogen storage power system is in the power generation support state, controlling the hydrogen energy power generation device to supply power to the load.

[0053] The control method of the green hydrogen storage power system provided in the present application comprises obtaining the power demand value of the load, the power generation output value of the photovoltaic assembly and the wind power generation assembly, and the pressure value in the hydrogen storage container; determining the working state of the green hydrogen storage power system according to the pressure value, the power generation output value and the power demand value, the working state comprising an energy storage state and a power generation support state; when the working state of the green hydrogen storage power system is in the energy storage state, controlling the hydrogen production device to be started, and starting the gas compression device; when the working state of the green hydrogen storage power system is in the power generation support state, controlling the hydrogen energy power generation device to supply power to the load.

[0054] The present application is based on the input to determine whether the system should currently convert the excess energy into hydrogen energy for storage (energy storage state) or should release hydrogen energy to make up for the power gap (power generation support state). It ensures that renewable energy is maximized, and the excess wind and light is not wasted, and the wind and light are not sufficient. 24-hour 100kW continuous power supply can solve the intermittent problem of renewable energy, significantly improve the resilience and reliability of the power grid.

[0055] The power demand value refers to the required electric power of the load (such as the power grid, a specific community or a factory) connected to the system at the moment, that is, to ensure that the power supply power meets this demand. The power generation output value is the real-time generated electric power of the photovoltaic assembly and the wind power generation assembly, which directly reflects the availability of renewable energy and is the main source of fluctuation. The pressure value in the hydrogen storage container is a crucial state indicator because it is directly related to the amount of hydrogen stored in the container (according to the ideal gas state equation). The pressure value not only reflects the current energy reserve level, but also implies the charging and discharging state of the system, which is a key parameter for safety and efficiency to prevent overpressure of the hydrogen storage container or insufficient hydrogen. The energy storage state and the power generation support state are two basic working states, the former corresponds to the charging process, and the latter corresponds to the discharging process.

[0056] The present application is based on the advanced application of multivariable feedback control and state machine theory in energy systems. It can be decomposed into a continuous intelligent decision-making cycle: first, the system continuously collects the above three key parameters through the sensor network, forming the real-time operation profile of the system. Then, the algorithm built-in the control device makes prediction and optimization based on the dynamic models of wind-solar hydrogen generation, high-pressure hydrogen storage and hydrogen power generation system. The model analyzes the data. For example, when the algorithm determines that the "power output value" is continuously greater than the "power demand value" and the difference exceeds a certain threshold, the energy storage state is triggered. In this state, the control command is issued to the hydrogen generation device and the gas compression device, and the hydrogen generation rate is started or increased, converting the excess power into hydrogen and storing it. Conversely, when the "power output value" is less than the "power demand value", the system immediately switches to the power generation support state, and the control command directs the hydrogen power generation device to start or increase power to consume the hydrogen in the hydrogen storage container to generate electricity to make up for the power difference. This control cycle repeats, with the hydrogen storage pressure as a core feedback variable, achieving intelligent management of energy inventory, avoiding blind charging and discharging, ensuring that the entire system always operates in a safe and efficient optimal range, and realizing the intelligent conversion from fluctuating renewable energy to stable and reliable power output.

[0057] In some embodiments, optionally, when the working state of the green hydrogen and electricity storage system is the energy storage state, controlling the hydrogen generation device to increase the hydrogen generation rate and starting the gas compression device comprises: in the energy storage state, controlling the hydrogen power generation device to run at a reduced power or shut down.

[0058] In the embodiments of the present application, when the working state of the green hydrogen and electricity storage system is the energy storage state, controlling the hydrogen generation device to increase the hydrogen generation rate and starting the gas compression device comprises: in the energy storage state, controlling the hydrogen power generation device to run at a reduced power or shut down, achieving efficient and directional flow of energy and avoiding unnecessary internal circulation loss, thereby improving the overall efficiency of the system. When the system determines to be in the "energy storage state", the renewable energy power is sufficient or even abundant. Controlling the hydrogen power generation device to run at a reduced power or shut down can ensure that all the excess power is preferentially used for electrolytic hydrogen generation, rather than inefficient operation, improving the wind and light consumption rate and converting energy into hydrogen energy storage without waste, reserving sufficient energy for the subsequent power generation support state.

[0059] In some embodiments, optionally, when the working state of the green hydrogen and electricity storage system is the power generation support state, controlling the hydrogen power generation device to supply power to the load comprises: when the working state of the green hydrogen and electricity storage system is the power generation support state, controlling the solid oxide fuel cell to run at a rated power and controlling the hydrogen gas turbine to adjust the power to compensate for the power difference between the rated power and the power demand value of the load.

[0060] In the embodiments of the present application, when the working state of the green hydrogen energy storage system is in the power generation support state, the control of the hydrogen energy power generation device to supply power to the load includes: when the working state of the green hydrogen energy storage system is in the power generation support state, the solid oxide fuel cell is controlled to operate at rated power, and the hydrogen gas turbine is controlled to adjust power to compensate for the power difference between the rated power and the power demand value of the load. Through the complementary characteristics of the two power generation technologies, the unity of power supply reliability, fast response and high efficiency operation is realized. The solid oxide fuel cell is allowed to operate at high efficiency and rated power to provide stable basic power output; and the hydrogen gas turbine with better dynamic response characteristics is responsible for adjusting the power to quickly compensate for the difference between the load demand and the basic power of the fuel cell, ensuring that the system can stably output high-quality 100kW constant power.

[0061] In some embodiments, optionally, the control method of the green hydrogen energy storage system further includes when the pressure value of the hydrogen storage device is continuously higher than the preset upper limit or the hydrogen storage time exceeds the time threshold, controlling to start the hydrogen ammonia conversion unit to convert the excess hydrogen into liquid ammonia for storage.

[0062] In the embodiments of the present application, the control method of the green hydrogen energy storage system further includes when the pressure value of the hydrogen storage device is continuously higher than the preset upper limit or the hydrogen storage time exceeds the time threshold, controlling to start the hydrogen ammonia conversion unit to convert the excess hydrogen into liquid ammonia for storage. The present application provides the system with seasonal or super-long energy storage capability, and significantly improves the safety. When the pressure of the hydrogen storage device is continuously too high or the storage time is too long, it means that the hydrogen production capacity of the system is far more than the short-term power generation demand or the hydrogen is not suitable for long-term storage. At this time, hydrogen ammonia conversion is started to convert gaseous hydrogen into liquid ammonia, solving the problems of leakage, safety risk and container pressure limitation existing in long-term hydrogen storage. Liquid ammonia as a more stable and easy-to-store hydrogen carrier enables energy to be "solidified" and stored for months or even longer, realizing the leap from "daily adjustment" to "seasonal adjustment", and greatly enhancing the energy supply guarantee capability of the system.

[0063] As Figure 4As shown, the control device 300 of the green hydrogen energy storage system in the embodiments of the present application is used to implement the steps of the control method of the green hydrogen energy storage system in any of the above embodiments, and the control device 300 of the green hydrogen energy storage system comprises a first acquisition module 302, a second acquisition module 304, a third acquisition module 306 and a fourth acquisition module 308. The first acquisition module 302 is used to acquire the power demand value of the load, the power generation output value of the photovoltaic assembly and the wind power generation assembly, and the pressure value in the hydrogen storage container; the second acquisition module 304 is used to determine the working state of the green hydrogen energy storage system according to the pressure value, the power generation output value and the power demand value, and the working state comprises an energy storage state and a power generation support state; the third acquisition module 306 is used to control the hydrogen production device to start when the working state of the green hydrogen energy storage system is the energy storage state, and start the gas compression device; and the fourth acquisition module 308 is used to control the hydrogen energy power generation device to supply power to the load when the working state of the green hydrogen energy storage system is the power generation support state.

[0064] The control device 300 of the green hydrogen energy storage system in the embodiments of the present application is used to implement the steps of the control method of the green hydrogen energy storage system in any of the above embodiments, and the control device 300 of the green hydrogen energy storage system comprises a first acquisition module 302, a second acquisition module 304, a third acquisition module 306 and a fourth acquisition module 308. The first acquisition module 302 is used to acquire the power demand value of the load, the power generation output value of the photovoltaic assembly and the wind power generation assembly, and the pressure value in the hydrogen storage container; the second acquisition module 304 is used to determine the working state of the green hydrogen energy storage system according to the pressure value, the power generation output value and the power demand value, and the working state comprises an energy storage state and a power generation support state; the third acquisition module 306 is used to control the hydrogen production device to start when the working state of the green hydrogen energy storage system is the energy storage state, and start the gas compression device; and the fourth acquisition module 308 is used to control the hydrogen energy power generation device to supply power to the load when the working state of the green hydrogen energy storage system is the power generation support state. The control device 300 of the green hydrogen energy storage system is based on the input to determine whether the current system should convert the excess energy into hydrogen energy for storage (energy storage state) or release hydrogen energy to make up for the power gap (power generation support state). It ensures that renewable energy can be maximized, and the excess wind and light is not wasted, and the lack of wind and light is prepared. 24-hour 100kW continuous power supply under no wind and light input can solve the intermittency problem of renewable energy, and significantly improve the resilience and reliability of the power grid.

[0065] As Figure 5As shown, the embodiment of the present application provides a control device 400 of the green hydrogen storage power system, which comprises a processor 402 and a memory 404, the memory 404 stores programs or instructions, and the processor 402 implements the steps of the control method of the green hydrogen storage power system according to any one of the above embodiments when executing the programs or instructions in the memory 404. Therefore, the control device 400 of the green hydrogen storage power system has all the beneficial effects of the control method of the green hydrogen storage power system according to any one of the above embodiments.

[0066] The embodiment of the present application provides a readable storage medium, which stores programs or instructions, and the programs or instructions are executed by a processor to implement the steps of the control method of the green hydrogen storage power system according to any one of the above embodiments. Therefore, the readable storage medium has all the beneficial effects of the control method of the green hydrogen storage power system according to any one of the above embodiments.

[0067] In the embodiment of the present application, the aerodynamic model of the wind turbine generator set is:

[0068] ;

[0069] In the above aerodynamic model, is the mechanical power converted by the wind turbine generator set from wind energy, is the air density, is the impeller radius of the wind turbine, is the wind speed, is the tip speed ratio, is the pitch angle, is the wind energy conversion efficiency coefficient of the blade, which is related to and , and the specific expression is as follows:

[0070] ;

[0071] ;

[0072] ;

[0073] In the above expression, is the rotational speed of the rotor of the wind turbine.

[0074] In the embodiment of the present application, the calculation formula of the surface temperature of the photovoltaic cell panel is as follows:

[0075] ;

[0076] is the surface temperature of the photovoltaic cell panel, in units of degrees Celsius; is the ambient temperature, in units of degrees Celsius; Temperature coefficient of the surface of the photovoltaic panel; Total solar radiation received by the surface of the photovoltaic array. The volt-ampere characteristic curve of the photovoltaic cell array is obtained when considering the temperature effect and the variation of solar radiation in reference conditions as follows:

[0077]

[0078] and are the terminal voltage and the terminal current of the photovoltaic cell group, respectively; is the short-circuit current of a single photovoltaic panel module; is the open-circuit voltage of a single photovoltaic panel module; is the number of parallel branches of the photovoltaic cell group; is the number of series modules in a branch of the photovoltaic cell array; the remaining parametric variables are expressed as follows:

[0079]

[0080]

[0081]

[0082]

[0083]

[0084] is the reference value of the total solar radiation received by the surface of the photovoltaic array; is the reference value of the temperature of the surface of the photovoltaic panel; is the coefficient of the variation of the current caused by the temperature in reference conditions, in A / °C; is the coefficient of the variation of the voltage caused by the temperature in reference conditions; and are the current and the voltage at the maximum power point of the photovoltaic cell array; is the series resistance of the photovoltaic panel module, expressed as follows:

[0085]

[0086]

[0087]

[0088] wherein is the band energy of the material, ​​​​​​​​​​​​The number of cells in series within a photovoltaic cell module; and are the short-circuit current and open-circuit voltage of the photovoltaic array under reference conditions, respectively; and are the current and voltage at the maximum power point of the photovoltaic array under reference conditions, respectively; and are the temperature coefficients of the short-circuit current and open-circuit voltage of the photovoltaic array under reference conditions, respectively; is the surface temperature of the photovoltaic panel under reference conditions.

[0089] The output power of the photovoltaic array is calculated by the formula:

[0090] ;

[0091] wherein, and are the terminal voltage and terminal current of the photovoltaic cell group, respectively, is the series-parallel loss coefficient of the photovoltaic cell module.

[0092] It can be known from the steady-state model analysis that the ambient temperature and the surface temperature of the photovoltaic panel have a great influence on the output power characteristics of the photovoltaic cell array, so it is necessary to establish a thermal model for the photovoltaic cell array. The temperature of the surface of the photovoltaic panel is affected by the ambient temperature, the solar radiation intensity and the output power of the photovoltaic array, and the specific expression is as follows:

[0093] ;

[0094] wherein, the output power is the surface temperature of the photovoltaic panel, is the resistance value of the photovoltaic panel, is the ambient temperature, is the heat capacity per unit area of the photovoltaic panel; is the solar absorption rate of the photovoltaic panel; is the effective area of the photovoltaic panel; is the total heat dissipation coefficient of the photovoltaic panel. The terminal voltage of a single alkaline solution electrolytic cell is composed of reversible voltage, ohmic voltage and activation voltage, i.e.

[0095] ;

[0096] wherein is the terminal voltage of the single electrolytic cell, is the reversible voltage, is the ohmic voltage, is the activation voltage. According to the experimental results, the curve fitting is obtained, and the volt-ampere characteristic curve is as follows:

[0097] ;

[0098] wherein, is the terminal voltage of a single electrolyzer cell; is the reversible voltage; , is the fitting parameter of ohmic voltage; is the temperature of the electrolyzer, is the cross-sectional area of the electrolyzer; is the electrolysis current; , , , , , is the fitting parameter of activation voltage. The reversible voltage is calculated by Nernst equation:

[0099] ;

[0100] wherein represents the Gibbs free energy change corresponding to the reaction progress per mole; is the amount of substance that transfers charge when 1 mol of reaction occurs; is the Faraday constant, which physically means the amount of charge carried by 1 mol of electrons; is the reversible voltage under standard conditions; R is the gas constant; K is the equilibrium constant of the reaction, and for the reaction of the alkaline electrolyzer, its expression is as follows:

[0101] ;

[0102] wherein , are the partial pressure ratios of hydrogen and oxygen, respectively. Generally, the alkaline electrolyzer is composed of multiple modules in series and parallel, so the terminal voltage of the cell is:

[0103] ;

[0104] wherein is the number of electrolyzer cells in series.

[0105] The hydrogen production rate of the alkaline electrolyzer is described by the Faraday efficiency (the ratio of actual product to theoretical product), which is specifically expressed as follows:

[0106] ;

[0107] wherein is the Faraday efficiency, which is obtained by fitting experimental data, and the fitting result is:

[0108] ;

[0109] ;

[0110] wherein , , , , are fitting parameters, is the electrolysis current.

[0111] The temperature of the alkaline solution electrolyzer significantly affects its voltammetric characteristics, Faraday efficiency characteristics, so it is necessary to establish a thermal model for the electrolyzer. The electrolysis temperature is affected by several factors, such as electrolysis heat generation, electrolyzer natural heat dissipation, electrolyzer cooling liquid heat dissipation, and the specific expression is as follows:

[0112] ;

[0113] wherein is the total heat capacity of the electrolyzer; is the heat generation during electrolysis; is the natural heat dissipation of the electrolyzer; is the heat dissipation of the electrolyzer cooling liquid. , , The specific expression is as follows:

[0114] ;

[0115] ;

[0116] ;

[0117] wherein is the heat generation cutoff voltage of the electrolyzer; is the ambient temperature; is the equivalent thermal resistance of the electrolyzer; is the heat capacity of the cooling liquid flowing per second; is the temperature of the cooling liquid at the inlet of the cooling pipe; is the temperature of the cooling liquid at the outlet of the cooling pipe; is the effective heat exchange coefficient during cooling, and its calculation formula is as follows:

[0118] ;

[0119] wherein is the thermal conductivity, unit W / ℃; is the convective heat transfer coefficient, unit W / (℃·A).

[0120] By combining the heat balance equation with the current-voltage characteristics and hydrogen production rate calculation formulas, a transient model of the alkaline solution electrolyzer can be obtained. A jump current is input into the alkaline electrolyzer model, and the curves of the changes in each state variable in the model are obtained. When the current undergoes an 80A step disturbance, the change in electrolysis voltage is within 3V, while the temperature changes significantly, rising by more than 20℃. This indicates that the temperature of the electrolyzer is greatly affected by changes in the electrolysis current, and the current-voltage characteristics and output characteristics of the electrolyzer are also affected by the electrolyzer temperature. Furthermore, the temperature adjustment time for the electrolyzer is approximately 20 hours.

[0121] The hydrogen storage rate of a high-pressure gaseous hydrogen storage tank can be described by the following formula:

[0122] ;

[0123] in, The hydrogen rate input to the hydrogen storage tank. The rate at which hydrogen is output from the hydrogen storage tank. Let τ be the net hydrogen storage rate, and τ be the time variable. The hydrogen storage capacity of the high-pressure gaseous hydrogen storage tank is shown in the following formula:

[0124] ;

[0125] in Let be the amount of hydrogen stored in the hydrogen storage tank at time t. The pressure of the hydrogen storage tank can be obtained from the ideal gas law. :

[0126] ;

[0127] Where R is the resistance value, The temperature inside the tank. This refers to the volume of the hydrogen storage tank.

[0128] The gas turbine power generation model mainly consists of four parts: compressor, combustion chamber, turbine, and permanent magnet synchronous generator. After air enters the compressor, the high-speed rotating blades do work on the air, increasing its pressure and kinetic energy, thus ensuring the gas entering the combustion chamber has a suitable pressure for complete fuel combustion. The pressurized air enters the combustion chamber, mixes and burns with the input fuel, generating high-temperature, high-pressure flue gas, which then enters the turbine to perform work. Component-level modeling is performed for each of the four parts. The compressor's characteristic curve is obtained by fitting experimental data from a large number of small-power heavy-duty gas turbines, and the expression is as follows:

[0129] ;

[0130] in This represents the compressor's pressure ratio per unit value. Here is the per-unit value of the compressor's equivalent flow rate. The formula for calculating the compressor's equivalent flow rate is as follows:

[0131] ;

[0132] where is the compressor inlet air flow rate; is the compressor inlet air temperature; is the compressor inlet air pressure; , , is the unsteady fitting parameter, whose specific expression is as follows:

[0133] ;

[0134] ;

[0135] ;

[0136] where , is the fitting parameter, is the compressor's reduced speed unit, and the compressor's reduced speed calculation formula is as follows:

[0137] ;

[0138] where is the speed of the gas turbine shaft, in rpm. The efficiency of the compressor is obtained by fitting experimental data, and the expression is as follows:

[0139] ;

[0140] where is the fitting parameter. The outlet temperature of the compressor:

[0141] ;

[0142] where is the air coefficient, which is calculated by the average specific heat ratio of air , and its calculation formula is as follows:

[0143] ;

[0144] The power consumed by the compressor:

[0145] ;

[0146] where is the specific heat capacity of air at constant pressure. The outlet air pressure of the compressor:

[0147] ;

[0148] The flue gas flow rate at the outlet of the combustion chamber:

[0149] ;

[0150] wherein is the flue gas flow rate of the combustion chamber; is the fuel gas flow rate input into the combustion chamber, in kg / s. The combustion chamber outlet temperature is obtained from the law of conservation of energy:

[0151] ;

[0152] wherein is the low heat of hydrogen; is the combustion efficiency; is the physical specific enthalpy of hydrogen; is the constant pressure specific heat capacity of flue gas. The combustion chamber outlet pressure

[0153] ;

[0154] wherein is the total pressure recovery coefficient of the combustion chamber. The characteristic curve of the turbine is obtained by simulating the above formula, which describes the relationship between the steam flow rate through the stage group and the steam temperature and pressure before and after the stage group when the stage group flow rate and through-flow area are constant. By substituting the definitions of various physical quantities in the turbine and taking into account the effect of speed change on flow rate, the specific expression is as follows:

[0155] ;

[0156] wherein is the expansion ratio of the turbine; is the expansion ratio of the turbine under rated operating conditions; is the reduced flow rate unit value of the turbine, and the turbine reduced flow rate calculation formula is as follows:

[0157] ;

[0158] wherein is the inlet flue gas temperature of the turbine; is the inlet flue gas pressure of the turbine, in Pa. In the formula is the reduced speed unit value of the turbine, and the turbine reduced speed calculation formula is as follows:

[0159] ;

[0160] The fitting result of the working efficiency of the turbine is:

[0161] ;

[0162] The outlet temperature of the turbine is:

[0163] ;

[0164] in The fuel coefficient is determined by the average specific heat ratio of the fuel. The calculation is as follows:

[0165] ;

[0166] Power generated by the turbine:

[0167] ;

[0168] Turbine outlet pressure:

[0169] ;

[0170] The motion state of the rotor of a permanent magnet synchronous generator is described by the kinetic energy formula of a rotating object. Differentiating both sides of the formula with respect to time, substituting the total power applied to the rotor (ignoring mechanical losses), and performing a unit transformation yields:

[0171] ;

[0172] in Let the power input to the generator be the generator's output power. The relationship between the generator's output power and its rotational speed is approximately as follows (due to the high energy conversion efficiency of permanent magnet synchronous generators, the output power is considered to be approximately equal to the power input to the prime mover):

[0173] ;

[0174] By setting the per-unit power cutoff for hydrogen production in the alkaline electrolyzer to 0.15, a typical intraday temperature variation curve of the alkaline electrolyzer over time can be obtained, as shown below. Figure 6 As shown.

[0175] Assuming the rated operating pressure of the hydrogen storage tank is 35 MPa, with a margin of 1, and assuming the volume of the hydrogen storage tank is 3 m³, 3 Based on the typical daily load curve, a per-unit load curve is obtained. This load curve is then used as feedback of the green hydrogen energy storage system's output to the hydrogen storage tank outlet, forming a closed-loop system. The gas flow rate in the combustion chamber is input to the hydrogen gas turbine, which then sends the rotational speed n to the generator and supplies power to the bus or load. K ( The parameters are power-related. A typical intraday curve showing the variation of electromagnetic power output and combustion chamber outlet temperature of a hydrogen gas turbine over time is obtained, as shown below. Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown. When the hydrogen storage tank has both hydrogen input and output, its internal gas pressure is obtained. Curves of change over time as shown Figure 9The dynamic characteristics of the green hydrogen storage power system are supported. A complete autonomous system model and its empirical platform are constructed, including wind-solar-electrolysis hydrogen production, high-pressure hydrogen storage, and hydrogen energy power generation. For the wind turbine, based on the aerodynamic equation and the electromagnetic model of the permanent magnet synchronous generator, the nonlinear relationship between the tip speed ratio and the wind energy conversion efficiency is revealed, and it is pointed to that there is an optimal operating point of the rotor speed to achieve maximum power tracking. The photovoltaic array model is coupled with the influence of ambient temperature and radiation intensity through the heat balance equation. Simulation shows that for every 10℃ increase in the temperature of the battery panel, the maximum power point voltage decreases by about 2%, highlighting the significant role of temperature effect on output characteristics. The dynamic behavior of the alkaline electrolytic cell is finely described by the electrochemical-thermal coupling model. Simulation shows that electrolytic temperature has a dual effect on efficiency: while temperature rise can reduce ohmic loss, it leads to a decrease in Faraday efficiency. Under the typical daily power fluctuation scenario, the cell temperature changes by 15℃, causing the hydrogen production rate to fluctuate by more than 20%, indicating the key role of temperature control in stable operation of the system.

[0176] The high-pressure hydrogen storage tank model describes the gas pressure dynamics through the gas state equation. Simulation shows that under the rated pressure of 35MPa, the gas pressure of the single-day pure storage state rises by about 20MPa, while the gas pressure fluctuation amplitude under the coupling state of charging and discharging is compressed to 8MPa, verifying the buffering capacity of the storage tank to power fluctuations.

[0177] The hydrogen gas turbine module realizes the dynamic modeling of the whole link from the compressor, combustion chamber to turbine. The numerical solution of the rotor motion equation shows that under the typical daily load power output constraint, the speed fluctuation range is controlled within ±3%, but the combustion chamber outlet temperature transient is as high as 200℃, reflecting the regulation challenge of pure hydrogen combustion. Based on the above method and system, the application can realize 100kW continuous power supply under the condition of 24 hours without wind and light input through hydrogen release.

[0178] In the claims, specification, and drawings of the present application, the term "multiple" refers to two or more, unless otherwise explicitly limited, and the terms "upper", "lower", and the like refer to the orientation or position shown in the drawings, and are used only to facilitate description of the application and to simplify the description process, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the device or element described to have the specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, so these descriptions cannot be understood as limiting the application; the terms "connection", "installation", "fixation" and the like should be understood broadly, for example, "connection" can be fixed connection between multiple objects, or detachable connection between multiple objects, or integral connection; it can be direct connection between multiple objects, or indirect connection between multiple objects through intermediate medium. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances of the above data.

[0179] In the claims, specification, and drawings of the present disclosure, terms have their plain, ordinary meaning unless otherwise indicated by the context of their use. The terms "comprise", "comprising", "include", "including", "have" and "having" are used interchangeably and mean "including but not limited to". It is further noted that the claims can be drafted to exclude any optional element. As such, these terms are to be read to disclaim any possibility of reciting only one of the claimed elements to the exclusion of any others.

[0180] The preferred embodiments of the present application are described above in detail. The present application, however, is not limited to the precise embodiments described, and obviously many modifications and changes can be made by one skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of this application. It is therefore desired that what is claimed be what is deserved.

Claims

1. A green hydrogen energy storage system, characterized in that, The green hydrogen energy storage system is used to supply power to the load, and the green hydrogen energy storage system includes: Photovoltaic modules; Wind power generation components; A hydrogen production device, wherein the hydrogen production device is electrically connected to the photovoltaic module and the wind power generation module respectively; A gas compression device, wherein the first end of the gas compression device is connected to the hydrogen production device; A hydrogen storage container, which is connected to the second end of the gas compression device, is used to store gaseous hydrogen or liquid ammonia after being compressed by the gas compression device. A hydrogen power generation device, wherein the hydrogen power generation device is connected to the hydrogen storage container; A control device is communicatively connected to the hydrogen production device, the gas compression device, the hydrogen storage container, and the hydrogen power generation device, respectively. The control device controls the operation of the hydrogen production device, the gas compression device, the hydrogen storage container, and the hydrogen power generation device based on the working status of the green hydrogen energy storage system.

2. The green hydrogen energy storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hydrogen production device includes an alkaline electrolyzer and / or a proton exchange membrane electrolyzer; The hydrogen power generation device includes a solid oxide fuel cell and a hydrogen gas turbine.

3. The green hydrogen energy storage system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The gas compression device further includes: A hydrogen-ammonia conversion unit, wherein the input end of the hydrogen-ammonia conversion unit is connected to the compression unit in the gas compression device, and the output end of the hydrogen-ammonia conversion unit is connected to the hydrogen storage container; The hydrogen-ammonia conversion unit converts gaseous hydrogen into liquid ammonia for solidification and storage when the pressure in the hydrogen storage container is higher than a set threshold or the hydrogen storage time exceeds a time threshold.

4. A control method for a green hydrogen energy storage system, characterized in that, The control method for the green hydrogen energy storage system is used in the green hydrogen energy storage system as described in any one of claims 1 to 3, the method comprising: Obtain the power demand value of the load, the power output value of the photovoltaic module and the wind power generation module, and the pressure value inside the hydrogen storage container; The working state of the green hydrogen energy storage system is determined based on the pressure value, the power generation output value, and the power demand value. The working state includes energy storage state and power generation support state. When the green hydrogen energy storage system is in energy storage mode, the hydrogen production device is turned on and the gas compression device is started. When the green hydrogen energy storage system is in the power generation support state, it controls the hydrogen power generation device to supply power to the load.

5. The control method for the green hydrogen energy storage system according to claim 4, characterized in that, When the green hydrogen energy storage system is in energy storage mode, controlling the hydrogen production device to start and activating the gas compression device includes: In the energy storage state, the hydrogen power generation device is controlled to operate at reduced power or shut down.

6. The control method for the green hydrogen energy storage system according to claim 4, characterized in that, When the green hydrogen energy storage system is in power generation support mode, controlling the hydrogen power generation device to supply power to the load includes: When the green hydrogen energy storage system is in the power generation support state, the solid oxide fuel cell in the hydrogen power generation device is controlled to operate at the rated power, and the hydrogen gas turbine in the hydrogen power generation device is controlled to perform power regulation to compensate for the power difference between the rated power and the power demand value of the load.

7. The control method for the green hydrogen energy storage system according to claim 4, characterized in that, Also includes: When the pressure value of the hydrogen storage container continues to be higher than the preset upper limit or the hydrogen storage time exceeds the time threshold, the hydrogen-ammonia conversion unit is activated to convert the excess hydrogen into liquid ammonia for storage.

8. A control device for a green hydrogen energy storage system, characterized in that, The control device for the green hydrogen energy storage system is used to implement the steps of the control method for the green hydrogen energy storage system as described in any one of claims 4 to 7, wherein the control device for the green hydrogen energy storage system comprises: The first acquisition module is used to acquire the power demand value of the load, the power output value of the photovoltaic module and the wind power generation module, and the pressure value inside the hydrogen storage container. The second acquisition module is used to determine the working status of the green hydrogen energy storage system based on the pressure value, the power generation output value and the power demand value. The working status includes energy storage status and power generation support status. The third acquisition module is used to control the hydrogen production device to start and start the gas compression device when the green hydrogen energy storage system is in the energy storage state. The fourth acquisition module is used to control the hydrogen power generation device to supply power to the load when the green hydrogen energy storage system is in the power generation support state.

9. A control device for a green hydrogen energy storage system, characterized in that, include: processor; A memory, wherein the memory stores programs or instructions, and the processor, when executing the programs or instructions in the memory, implements the steps of the control method for the green hydrogen energy storage system as described in any one of claims 4 to 7.

10. A readable storage medium, characterized in that, The readable storage medium stores a program or instructions that, when executed by a processor, implement the steps of the control method for the green hydrogen energy storage system as described in any one of claims 4 to 7.

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