Communication apparatus, system and method for near field encryption communication using cosmic muons

Abstract

The application discloses a communication device, system and method for near-field encryption communication by cosmic muons, belonging to the field of secret communication. The device comprises a muon measuring module capable of detecting time information and track information of cosmic muons, and sending muon measuring data to a data processing module according to a trigger selection condition; the data processing module is capable of screening the received muon measuring data, generating an angle number sequence and a random sequence library by using the retained data, screening the received angle number sequence, deleting redundant parts, generating a key and a mark sequence by using the random sequence library when encryption, and sending the key and the mark sequence to a communication module; the communication module is capable of encrypting plaintext or decrypting ciphertext by using the key generated by the data processing module, transmitting the ciphertext and the mark sequence to other communication devices when encryption, and sending the mark sequence to the data processing module when decryption. The application improves the success rate of encryption communication.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of secure communication technology, and in particular to a communication device, system and method for near-field encrypted communication using cosmic ray muons. Background Technology

[0002] As humanity enters the digital age, information has become one of our most valuable assets. Symmetric encryption is a technology used to protect information security. Its core characteristic is that both communicating parties use the same key to encrypt and decrypt information. Symmetric encryption requires key synchronization beforehand, ensuring that both parties agree on a shared key. Key synchronization is the weakest link in symmetric encryption; if an attacker steals the key at this stage, they can decrypt all subsequent encrypted information. To ensure encryption security, symmetric encryption requires a reliable key synchronization scheme.

[0003] Near-field encrypted communication using cosmic ray muons is a technique that utilizes the properties of cosmic ray muons to generate and synchronize truly random numbers. These synchronized random numbers are then used to generate a single, identical key, which is then used for symmetric encrypted communication. This technique offers advantages such as key synchronization not relying on traditional media like networks and the elimination of the need for physical key distribution channels, providing a new method for improving the security of the key synchronization stage in symmetric encryption.

[0004] The process of using cosmic ray muons for near-field encrypted communication is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, each of the two communication devices has a detector capable of measuring the random and unpredictable impact time of cosmic ray muons at high temporal resolution. The communication devices encode this impact time as a digital sequence representing a specific moment, i.e., a timestamp. The digital sequence extracted from a specific interval within the timestamp is called a random sequence. This random sequence possesses true randomness and is not easily distorted by measurement errors, making it suitable for storage and use as the material for generating keys for the communication devices.

[0005] Due to the strong penetrating properties of cosmic ray muons, when multiple detectors are arranged vertically, cosmic ray muons can pass through the medium between the detectors, triggering them sequentially from top to bottom in a straight line. Since the speed of cosmic ray muons is close to the speed of light, if the distance between these detectors is known, the flight time of the cosmic ray muons between the detectors can be calculated, thus synchronizing the random sequences generated by the muons at different locations. The communicating parties use the synchronized random sequences to convert them into the same key, which is equivalent to achieving key synchronization. Because the length of the random sequence extracted from the timestamp is limited, current technology concatenates the random sequences generated by multiple cosmic ray muons before converting them into a key to meet the key length requirements of symmetric encryption.

[0006] In near-field encrypted communication systems using cosmic ray muons, only cosmic ray muons that pass through all detectors of both communicating parties can generate synchronized random sequences; cosmic ray muons that pass through only one detector will generate invalid sequences that cannot be synchronized. Besides the above reasons, random interference signals generated by the detectors and readout circuits themselves or by environmental factors, i.e., background noise, can also produce invalid sequences. If any invalid sequence exists among the multiple random sequences used to generate the key, the key will fail to synchronize. Currently, near-field encrypted communication systems using cosmic ray muons suffer from an excessive number of invalid sequences, leading to a low success rate for key synchronization. Furthermore, improving the security of symmetric encryption often requires longer keys, which necessitates combining more random sequences, further increasing the probability of selecting an invalid sequence and further reducing the success rate of key synchronization. An excessive number of invalid sequences limits the key length in the encrypted communication process of such systems.

[0007] In view of this, the present invention is hereby proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The purpose of this invention is to provide a communication device, system, and method for near-field encrypted communication using cosmic ray muons, enabling both communicating parties to effectively filter data generated by muons passing through multiple detectors, reducing the proportion of invalid sequences in the sequence library, thereby allowing the system to communicate with a higher key synchronization success rate and longer keys, thus solving the problems existing in the prior art.

[0009] The objective of this invention is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0010] A communication device for near-field encrypted communication using cosmic ray muons, comprising:

[0011] The muon measurement module can detect the time and track information of cosmic ray muons, and send the measured time and track information as muon measurement data to the data processing module according to the internal trigger selection conditions.

[0012] The data processing module, communicating with the muon measurement module, receives muon measurement data sent by the muon measurement module and performs an initial screening. It assigns angle numbers and synchronization timestamps to the retained muon measurement data, generates random sequences using the synchronization timestamps, and arranges and stores the angle numbers and random sequences according to the time sequence of the muon measurement data generation, thus obtaining an angle number sequence and a random sequence library. Upon receiving angle number sequences from other communication devices, it performs a second screening, deleting redundant random sequences and angle numbers from the local random sequence library and angle number sequence. During encryption, it generates a key and a flag sequence from the random sequence library and sends them to the communication module. During decryption, it generates a corresponding key based on the flag sequence sent by the communication module and sends it to the communication module.

[0013] The communication module, connected to the data processing module, can encrypt plaintext or decrypt ciphertext using the key generated by the data processing module; and can transmit ciphertext and a flag sequence to other communication devices during encryption; and send a flag sequence to the data processing module during decryption.

[0014] A communication system for near-field encrypted communication using cosmic ray muons includes two sets of the communication devices described in this invention. The two sets of communication devices are placed at a predetermined vertical or horizontal distance and can perform near-field encrypted communication using cosmic ray muons.

[0015] A communication method for near-field encrypted communication using cosmic ray muons in the system described in this invention includes:

[0016] Step 1: Calibrate the spatial parameters of the communication devices of both sides of the system and input the parameters into each communication device; after each communication device is started, it stores the measured muon time information and track information into the data packet according to the internal trigger selection conditions.

[0017] Step 2: The communication device filters data packets using calibrated spatial parameters and track information of muons within the data packets, and uses the filtered and retained data packets to generate and expand the angle numbering sequence and random sequence library;

[0018] Step 3: The communication devices of both parties send the angle number sequence to each other. By comparing the sequences, the redundant parts of the angle number sequence and the random sequence library are found and deleted, so that the angle number sequence and the random sequence library of both parties are consistent.

[0019] Step 4: At the start of a single encrypted communication, the encrypting party uses its local random sequence library and angle number sequence to generate a key and a flag sequence, encrypts the plaintext with the key to obtain ciphertext, and sends the ciphertext and flag sequence to the decrypting party.

[0020] Step 5: The decryptor receives the ciphertext and the flag sequence, generates a key using the flag sequence, the local random sequence library, and the angle number sequence, decrypts the ciphertext using the key, and sends the decryption result back to the encryptor. If decryption fails, both parties repeat steps 3 to 5 for the failed ciphertext until decryption is successful. If decryption is successful, return to step 3 and wait for the next sending task.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the communication device, system, and method for near-field encrypted communication using cosmic ray muons provided by the present invention have the following advantages:

[0022] By setting up a muon measurement module, a data processing module, and a communication module, the muon measurement module accurately measures the hit time of the muon, the track measurement module measures the track information of the muon, and the data processing module, based on the track information and calibrated spatial parameters, determines whether the muon can also completely hit other communication devices and discards it. This effectively filters out muons that have passed through detectors of multiple communication devices, reducing the proportion of invalid sequences in the sequence library, thereby allowing the system to communicate at a higher communication rate and with a stronger key. This invention effectively solves the problem that existing systems using cosmic ray muons for near-field encrypted communication cannot filter muon data that has passed through detectors of multiple devices, resulting in a large number of invalid sequences in the sequence library, which limits the system's communication rate and key strength. Attached Figure Description

[0023] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the following description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an existing process for near-field encrypted communication using cosmic ray muons.

[0025] Figure 2 This is a block diagram of a communication device for near-field encrypted communication using cosmic ray muons, provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the communication device using a first-structure muon measurement module provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a communication system constructed using a communication device employing a first-structure muon measurement module, as provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the communication device using the second type of muon measurement module provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a communication system constructed using a communication device employing a second-structure muon measurement module, as provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the communication device using a third-structure muon measurement module provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 8This is a schematic diagram of a communication system constructed using a communication device employing a third-structure muon measurement module, as provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the first data packet screening in a communication system provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of angle pre-partitioning in a communication device within a communication system provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the synchronization and truncation of timestamp sequences processed by a communication device in a communication system provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the correspondence between the angle number sequence and the random sequence processed by the communication device in the communication system provided in this embodiment of the invention.

[0036] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the first possible cause and characteristics of redundant portions in the angle numbering sequence provided in this embodiment of the invention.

[0037] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram illustrating a second cause and characteristic of redundant portions in the angle numbering sequence provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of a single message transmission in a communication device within a communication system provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 16 A flowchart illustrating the communication method provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0040] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the specific content of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments, and do not constitute a limitation on the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0041] First, the following explanations are provided for the terms that may be used in this article:

[0042] The term "and / or" means that either or both can be achieved simultaneously. For example, X and / or Y means that it includes both "X" or "Y" as well as the three cases of "X and Y".

[0043] The terms "comprising," "including," "containing," "having," or other similar semantic descriptions should be interpreted as non-exclusive inclusion. For example, including a technical feature element (such as raw material, component, ingredient, carrier, dosage form, material, size, part, component, mechanism, device, step, process, method, reaction conditions, processing conditions, parameter, algorithm, signal, data, product or article of manufacture, etc.) should be interpreted as including not only the expressly listed technical feature element, but also other technical feature elements that are not expressly listed and are well-known in the art.

[0044] The term "composed of" excludes any technical features not expressly listed. When used in a claim, it closes the claim to exclude all technical features other than those expressly listed, except for associated conventional impurities. If the term appears only in a clause of a claim, it limits the claim to the elements expressly listed in that clause; elements recited in other clauses are not excluded from the overall claim.

[0045] Unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; they can refer to mechanical connections or electrical connections; they can refer to direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this document according to the specific circumstances.

[0046] When concentration, temperature, pressure, size, or other parameters are expressed as numerical ranges, such ranges should be understood to specifically disclose all ranges formed by any pairing of upper limits, lower limits, or preferred values ​​within that range, regardless of whether the range is explicitly stated; for example, if the numerical range "2 to 8" is stated, then that range should be interpreted to include ranges such as "2 to 7", "2 to 6", "5 to 7", "3 to 4 and 6 to 7", "3 to 5 and 7", "2 and 5 to 7", etc. Unless otherwise stated, the numerical ranges described herein include both their endpoints and all integers and fractions within that range.

[0047] The terms “center,” “longitudinal,” “lateral,” “length,” “width,” “thickness,” “upper,” “lower,” “front,” “back,” “left,” “right,” “vertical,” “horizontal,” “top,” “bottom,” “inner,” “outer,” “clockwise,” and “counterclockwise” indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience and simplification of description and do not imply that the device or component referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this document.

[0048] The solution provided by this invention will be described in detail below. Contents not described in detail in the embodiments of this invention are prior art known to those skilled in the art. Where specific conditions are not specified in the embodiments of this invention, they shall be performed according to conventional conditions in the art or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. Reagents or instruments used in the embodiments of this invention whose manufacturers are not specified are all conventional products that can be purchased commercially.

[0049] like Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a communication device for near-field encrypted communication using cosmic ray muons, comprising:

[0050] The muon measurement module can detect the time information and track information of cosmic ray muons, and send the measured time information and track information as muon measurement data to the data processing module according to the internal trigger selection conditions.

[0051] The data processing module is communicatively connected to the muon measurement module. It receives muon measurement data from the muon measurement module and performs a first screening, assigning angle numbers and synchronization timestamps to the retained muon measurement data. It generates a random sequence using the synchronization timestamps, arranges the angle numbers and random sequences according to the time sequence of the muon measurement data generation, and stores them to obtain an angle number sequence and a random sequence library. Upon receiving angle number sequences from other communication devices, it performs a second screening, deleting redundant random sequences and angle numbers from the local random sequence library and angle number sequence. During encryption, it generates a key and a flag sequence from the random sequence library and sends them to the communication module. During decryption, it generates a corresponding key based on the flag sequence sent by the communication module and sends it to the communication module.

[0052] The communication module is connected to the data processing module and can encrypt plaintext or decrypt ciphertext using the key generated by the data processing module; transmit ciphertext and a flag sequence to other communication devices during encryption; and send a flag sequence to the data processing module during decryption.

[0053] In some preferred embodiments, the muon measurement module in the above-described communication device adopts any one of the following three structures of muon measurement modules.

[0054] The first structure of the muon measurement module is configured as follows: Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, it includes: a time measurement module and a track measurement module; wherein,

[0055] The time measurement module is communicatively connected to the track measurement module, and can detect the time information of cosmic ray muons and send it to the track measurement module, while also sending a trigger signal to the track measurement module.

[0056] The track measurement module is communicatively connected to the time measurement module and the data processing module, respectively. It can detect the track information of cosmic ray muons. When a trigger is generated according to the internally set trigger selection conditions based on the trigger signal, the measured track information and the time information of the muons sent by the time measurement module are input into a data packet as muon measurement data and sent to the data processing module.

[0057] The second structure of the muon measurement module is configured as follows: Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, it includes: a time measurement module and a track measurement module; wherein,

[0058] The track measurement module is communicatively connected to the time measurement module, and can detect the track information of cosmic ray muons and send it to the time measurement module, while also sending a trigger signal to the time measurement module.

[0059] The time measurement module is communicatively connected to the track measurement module and the data processing module, respectively. It can detect the time information of cosmic ray muons. When a trigger is generated according to the trigger signal and the internally set trigger selection conditions, the measured time information and the track information of the muons sent by the track measurement module are input into a data packet as muon measurement data and sent to the data processing module.

[0060] The third structure of the muon measurement module is configured as follows: Figure 7 and Figure 8 The module includes: the muon measurement module comprises: a time measurement module, a track measurement module, and a data packet transmission module; wherein,

[0061] The time measurement module is communicatively connected to the data packet sending module, and can detect the time information of cosmic ray muons and send it to the data packet sending module, while simultaneously sending a trigger signal A to the data packet sending module;

[0062] The track measurement module is communicatively connected to the data packet sending module, and can detect the track information of cosmic ray muons and send it to the data packet sending module, while simultaneously sending a trigger signal B to the data packet sending module;

[0063] The data packet sending module is communicatively connected to the data processing module. When a trigger is generated according to the internally set trigger selection conditions based on trigger signal A and trigger signal B, it inputs the time information of cosmic ray muons sent by the time measurement module and the track information of cosmic ray muons sent by the track measurement module into a data packet as muon measurement data and sends it to the data processing module.

[0064] In some preferred embodiments, in the above-described communication device, the time measurement module in the muon measurement module of the first structure includes: a first detector and a first readout circuit; wherein,

[0065] The first detector can generate an electrical signal when it detects a muon strike from a cosmic ray;

[0066] The first readout circuit is electrically connected to the first detector and the track measurement module, respectively. It can process and convert the electrical signal generated by the first detector to obtain the impact time of the cosmic ray muon, and convert it into a timestamp as the time information of the cosmic ray muon and send it to the track measurement module. At the same time, it sends a trigger signal to the track measurement module.

[0067] The track measurement module includes: a second detector and a second readout circuit; wherein...

[0068] The second detector can generate an electrical signal when it detects the tracks of cosmic ray muons;

[0069] The second readout circuit is electrically connected to the second detector, the first readout circuit, and the data processing module. It processes and converts the electrical signal generated by the second detector to obtain the track information of cosmic ray muons. Based on the trigger signal sent by the first readout circuit, it generates a trigger according to the internally set trigger selection conditions. After triggering, the track information and the time information related to the trigger signal are put into a data packet. Each data packet stores only the time information and track information of one cosmic ray muon as muon measurement data. The time information related to the trigger signal that does not trigger the second readout circuit, as well as the track information related to the electrical signal that does not trigger the second readout circuit, are not retained. The trigger selection conditions set internally by the second readout circuit are: only when the first readout circuit generates a trigger signal and the second detector of the track measurement module generates an electrical signal, and the time difference between the trigger signal and the electrical signal generated by the second detector is less than a predetermined time window δt.

[0070] The time measurement module and track measurement module of this structure are relatively simple in structure and easy to implement.

[0071] The track measurement module in the second type of muon measurement module includes: a second detector and a second readout circuit; wherein...

[0072] The second detector can generate an electrical signal when it detects the tracks of cosmic ray muons;

[0073] The second readout circuit is electrically connected to the second detector and the time measurement and processing module. It can process and convert the electrical signal generated by the second detector to obtain the track information of cosmic ray muons and send it to the time measurement module. At the same time, it sends a trigger signal to the time measurement module.

[0074] The time measurement module includes: a first detector and a first readout circuit; wherein...

[0075] The first detector can generate an electrical signal when it detects a muon strike from a cosmic ray;

[0076] The first readout circuit is electrically connected to the first detector, the second readout circuit, and the data processing module. It processes and converts the electrical signal generated by the first detector to obtain the impact time of the cosmic ray muon, and converts it into a timestamp as the time information of the cosmic ray muon. Based on the trigger signal sent by the second readout circuit, it generates a trigger according to the internally set trigger selection conditions. After triggering, the time information and track information related to the trigger signal are put into a data packet. Each data packet stores only the time information and track information of one cosmic ray muon as muon measurement data. Track information related to trigger signals that do not trigger the first readout circuit, as well as time information related to electrical signals that do not trigger the first readout circuit, are not retained. The trigger selection conditions internally set by the second readout circuit are: only when the second readout circuit generates a trigger signal and the first detector of the time measurement module generates an electrical signal, and the time difference between the trigger signal and the electrical signal generated by the first detector detected by the first readout circuit is less than a predetermined time window δt.

[0077] The track measurement module and time measurement module of this structure are similar to those of the first structure, and the structure is relatively simple and easy to implement.

[0078] The time measurement module in the muon measurement module of the third structure includes: a first detector and a first readout circuit; wherein...

[0079] The first detector can generate an electrical signal when it detects a muon strike from a cosmic ray;

[0080] The first readout circuit is electrically connected to the first detector and the data packet sending module, respectively. It can process and convert the electrical signal generated by the first detector to obtain the impact time of the cosmic ray muon, convert it into a timestamp as the time information of the cosmic ray muon, and send it to the data packet sending module. At the same time, it sends a trigger signal A to the data packet sending module.

[0081] The track measurement module includes: a second detector and a second readout circuit; wherein...

[0082] The second detector can generate an electrical signal when it detects the tracks of cosmic ray muons;

[0083] The second readout circuit is electrically connected to the second detector and the data packet sending module, respectively. It can process and convert the electrical signal generated by the second detector to obtain the track information of cosmic ray muons and send it to the data packet sending module. At the same time, it sends a trigger signal B to the data packet sending module.

[0084] The data packet sending module is communicatively connected to the data processing module. It can generate a trigger based on the trigger signal A sent by the first readout circuit and the trigger signal B sent by the second readout circuit according to the internally set trigger selection conditions. After triggering, the time information related to the trigger signal A and the track information related to the trigger signal B are put into a data packet. Each data packet stores only the time information and track information of one cosmic ray muon as muon measurement data. The time information related to the trigger signal A and the track information related to the trigger signal B that have not triggered the data packet sending module will not be retained. The trigger selection conditions set internally by the data packet sending module are: only when the first readout circuit generates the trigger signal A and the second readout circuit generates the trigger signal B, and the data packet sending module detects that the time difference between the trigger signal A and the trigger signal B is less than a predetermined time window δt.

[0085] In some preferred embodiments, in the above-described communication device, the data processing module performs a first screening of the muon measurement data received from the muon measurement module in the following manner:

[0086] After receiving a data packet containing muon measurement data, the data processing module extracts the track information from the data packet, reconstructs the track of the cosmic ray muon in a spatial rectangular coordinate system, and, in conjunction with the calibrated spatial parameters, determines whether the cosmic ray muon corresponding to the data packet can hit the detector of other communication devices. If it is determined that the cosmic ray muon can hit the detector of other communication devices, the data packet is stored; otherwise, the data packet is deleted.

[0087] In some preferred embodiments, in the above-described communication device, the data processing module performs a second filtering upon receiving an angle number sequence from another communication device, including:

[0088] Every time interval T between exchanging angle number sequences or before the encryptor generates a key, after receiving an angle number sequence sent by another communication device, the sequence is compared with the local angle number sequence to find redundant parts in the local angle number sequence and random sequence library, and the angle number and random sequence corresponding to the redundant parts are deleted.

[0089] The data processing module generates encryption keys and flag sequences using a random sequence library during encryption in the following manner:

[0090] The data processing module selects m random sequences in the random sequence library, starting from a randomly selected random sequence, and concatenates them sequentially to form a key seed. Then, it uses the key seed to generate a key. In the angle number sequence, starting from the angle number corresponding to the first random sequence, it selects m angle numbers in the random sequence and concatenates them sequentially to form a flag sequence.

[0091] The data processing module generates a corresponding decryption key based on the flag sequence sent by the communication module during decryption, in the following manner:

[0092] After receiving the flag sequence from the communication module, the data processing module searches for N segments that are identical to the flag sequence within the local angle number sequence, extracts the segments of the N random sequences corresponding to the N identical segments, and generates N corresponding decryption keys.

[0093] The above methods for generating keys using key seeds can be implemented in the following ways:

[0094] (1) Use the key seed directly as the key;

[0095] (2) Input the key seed into key derivation algorithms such as HKDF, PBKDF2, and Argon2 to generate the key.

[0096] In some preferred embodiments, in the above-described communication device, when the communication module performs decryption using N decryption keys, if decryption fails, it sends a failure signal to the communication device of the encrypting party; if one of the N decryption attempts is successful, it sends a success signal to the communication device of the encrypting party.

[0097] See Figure 9 The present invention also provides a communication system for near-field encrypted communication using cosmic ray muons, comprising two sets of the above-mentioned communication devices, which are placed at a predetermined vertical or horizontal distance and are capable of near-field encrypted communication using cosmic ray muons.

[0098] The present invention further provides a communication method for near-field encrypted communication using cosmic ray muons in the above-described system, comprising:

[0099] Step 1: Calibrate the spatial parameters of the communication devices of both sides of the system and input the parameters into each communication device; after each communication device is started, it stores the measured muon time information and track information into the data packet according to the internal trigger selection conditions.

[0100] Specifically, in step 1 above, the muon measurement module of each communication device begins to measure the time information and track information of cosmic ray muons, and inputs the measured muon time information (i.e., timestamp) and track information into a data packet according to the internally set trigger selection conditions, and sends it to the data processing module; the above content in step 1 is always performed in the background.

[0101] Step 2: The communication device filters data packets using calibrated spatial parameters and track information of muons within the data packets, and uses the filtered and retained data packets to generate and expand the angle numbering sequence and random sequence library;

[0102] Specifically, in step 2 above, the data processing module extracts the contents of the data packets, performs the first screening of the data packets using track information, and after screening, the data processing module assigns angle numbers and synchronization timestamps to the retained data packets, generates random sequences using the synchronization timestamps, and then arranges and stores the angle numbers and random sequences according to the time order in which the data packets were generated, thus obtaining the angle number sequence and random sequence library; this step 2 is always performed in the background.

[0103] Step 3: The communication devices of both parties send the angle number sequence to each other. By comparing the sequences, the redundant parts of the angle number sequence and the random sequence library are found and deleted, so that the angle number sequence and the random sequence library of both parties are consistent.

[0104] Step 4: At the start of a single encrypted communication, the encrypting party uses its local random sequence library and angle number sequence to generate a key and a flag sequence, encrypts the plaintext with the key to obtain ciphertext, and sends the ciphertext and flag sequence to the decrypting party.

[0105] Step 5: The decryptor receives the ciphertext and the flag sequence, generates a key using the flag sequence, the local random sequence library, and the angle number sequence, decrypts the ciphertext using the key, and sends the decryption result back to the encryptor. If decryption fails, both parties repeat steps 3 to 5 for the failed ciphertext until decryption is successful. If decryption is successful, return to step 3 and wait for the next sending task.

[0106] In some preferred embodiments, in step 1 of the above communication method, the spatial parameters of the communication devices of the two communicating parties in the calibration system are the coordinates of the muon measurement module of each communication device in a predetermined three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system.

[0107] Inputting parameters into each communication device involves inputting the following parameters into the data processing module of each communication device: spatial parameters for calibrating the communication device, shape and size of the detector, time window δt for triggering the selection condition, starting position of the timestamp, length n of the captured random sequence, range of each angle partition in the x and y planes of the spatial rectangular coordinate system, angle number value corresponding to each angle partition, time interval T for exchanging angle number sequences, and number m of random sequences used to generate the encryption key.

[0108] The aforementioned spatial rectangular coordinate system refers to a system established by taking any point in space as the origin, the vertical direction as the z-axis, and two mutually perpendicular directions in the horizontal plane as the x-axis and y-axis, respectively. In this spatial rectangular coordinate system, the plane defined by the x-axis and z-axis is called the x-plane, and the plane defined by the y-axis and z-axis is called the y-plane.

[0109] In some preferred embodiments, step 1 of the above communication method, depending on the configuration of the muon measurement module, is divided into the following processing methods: After each communication device is started, it stores the measured muon time information and track information into a data packet according to the internal trigger selection conditions in the following ways:

[0110] (1) See Figure 3 and Figure 4 For the time measurement module and track measurement module of the muon measurement module using the first structure described above, the processing method is as follows:

[0111] The first readout circuit of the time measurement module of the muon measurement module of the communication device processes and converts the electrical signal generated by the first detector when it detects a cosmic ray muon impact into a timestamp as time information, and sends it to the second readout circuit of the track measurement module of the muon measurement module. At the same time, it sends a trigger signal to the second readout circuit. The second readout circuit generates a trigger based on the trigger signal and the electrical signal generated by the second detector according to the internally set trigger selection conditions. After triggering, the time information and track information related to the trigger signal are put into a data packet. Each data packet stores only the time information and track information generated by one cosmic ray muon as muon measurement data. The time information related to the trigger signal that did not trigger the second readout circuit and the track information related to the electrical signal that did not trigger the second readout circuit are not retained. The trigger selection conditions set internally by the second readout circuit are: only when the first readout circuit generates a trigger signal and the second detector of the track measurement module generates an electrical signal, and the time difference between the trigger signal and the electrical signal generated by the second detector is less than a predetermined time window δt.

[0112] (2) See Figure 5 and Figure 6For the time measurement module and track measurement module of the muon measurement module using the second structure described above, the processing method is as follows:

[0113] The second readout circuit of the track measurement module of the muon measurement module of the communication device sends the track information of the measured cosmic ray muons to the first readout circuit of the time measurement module of the muon measurement module. When the second readout circuit detects an electrical signal from the second detector of the track measurement module, it simultaneously sends a trigger signal to the first readout circuit. The first readout circuit generates a trigger according to the trigger signal and the electrical signal generated by the first detector, based on the internally set trigger selection conditions. After triggering, the timestamp associated with the electrical signal as time information and the track information associated with the trigger signal are placed into a data packet. Each data packet stores only the time information and track information generated by one cosmic ray muon as muon measurement data. The time information associated with the electrical signal that did not trigger the first readout circuit and the track information associated with the trigger signal that did not trigger the first readout circuit are not retained. The trigger selection conditions internally set by the first readout circuit are: only when the second readout circuit generates a trigger signal and the first detector of the time measurement module generates an electrical signal, and the first readout circuit detects that the time difference between the trigger signal and the electrical signal is less than a predetermined time window δt.

[0114] (3) See Figure 7 and Figure 8 For the time measurement module, track measurement module, and data packet sending module of the muon measurement module using the third structure described above, the processing method is as follows:

[0115] The first readout circuit of the time measurement module of the muon measurement module sends the timestamp obtained from the impact time of the cosmic ray muon as time information to the data packet sending module of the muon measurement module. When the first readout circuit detects the electrical signal from the first detector of the time measurement module, it simultaneously sends a trigger signal A to the data packet sending module. The second readout circuit of the track measurement module of the muon measurement module sends the track information of the cosmic ray muon to the data packet sending module of the muon measurement module. When the second readout circuit detects the electrical signal from the second detector of the track measurement module, it simultaneously sends a trigger signal B to the data packet sending module. The data packet sending module then sends the trigger signal according to the trigger signal. Trigger signal A and trigger signal B are triggered according to internally set trigger selection conditions. After triggering, the timestamp and track information related to trigger signals A and B, serving as time information, are placed into a data packet. Each data packet stores only the time information and track information of one cosmic ray muon as muon measurement data. Information related to trigger signals A and B that are not triggered by the data packet sending module is not retained. The trigger selection conditions internally set by the data packet sending module are: trigger signal A is only generated when the first readout circuit generates trigger signal B and the second readout circuit generates trigger signal B, and the data packet sending module detects that the time difference between trigger signals A and B is less than a predetermined time window δt. The advantage of this structure for the muon measurement module is its strong scalability.

[0116] In some preferred embodiments, in step 2 of the above communication method, the communication device filters data packets using the spatial parameters of the communication device, the shape and size of the detector, and the track information of muons within the data packets in the following manner:

[0117] The data processing module of the communication device reconstructs the geometric models of each detector of the muon measurement module of other communication devices in a spatial rectangular coordinate system based on the spatial parameters of the communication device and the shape and size of the detectors. Furthermore, upon receiving a data packet containing muon measurement data, it extracts the track information from the data packet and reconstructs the track of the cosmic ray muon in a spatial rectangular coordinate system based on the track information. It then determines whether the reconstructed track of the cosmic ray muon passes through the geometric models of each detector of the muon measurement module of other communication devices. If it is determined that the cosmic ray muon passes through the geometric models of each detector of the muon measurement module of other communication devices, the data in the data packet is stored; otherwise, the data in the data packet is deleted.

[0118] In some preferred embodiments, in step 2 of the above communication method, the communication device generates and expands the angle number sequence and random sequence library using the filtered and retained data packets in the following manner:

[0119] The communication device first generates angle numbers using the filtered and retained data packets in the following manner:

[0120] After the data processing module of the communication device extracts the track information of the muon from the filtered and retained data packets, it projects the track information onto the vertical and mutually perpendicular x-plane and y-plane in the spatial rectangular coordinate system, obtaining the angles θx and θy between the projection and the vertical direction. Before the communication device officially starts working, based on the probability distribution of the angles θx and θy, the angle range of the x-plane is pre-divided into k1 partitions, and the angle range of the y-plane is pre-divided into k2 partitions. Based on the magnitude of the angle θx, the data processing module determines that the angle θx belongs to the a-th partition among the k1 partitions in the x-plane, and based on the magnitude of the angle θy, determines that the angle θy belongs to the b-th partition among the k2 partitions in the y-plane. Finally, the angle number of the data packet is assigned as (a, b).

[0121] The communication device then synchronizes the timestamps of the retained data packets in the following manner, and then uses the synchronized timestamps to generate a random sequence, including:

[0122] The data processing module of the communication device located at a lower spatial position, combined with the Muon's track information, calculates the Muon's flight time Δt between the two communication devices using the formula Δt=H / (c⋅cosθ). This flight time Δt is subtracted from the timestamp to synchronize with the timestamp measured by the communication device located at a higher spatial position. Timestamp synchronization is achieved through timestamp compensation. In the formula, θ is the Muon's zenith angle, obtained from the Muon's track information; H is the vertical distance between the first detectors of the time measurement modules of the Muon measurement modules of the two communication devices, obtained from pre-calibrated spatial parameters; and c is the Muon's approximate speed of light. Alternatively, the data processing module of the communication device located at a higher spatial position, combined with the muon's track information, calculates the muon's flight time Δt between the two communication devices using the formula Δt=H / (c⋅cosθ). Δt is added to the timestamp to synchronize with the timestamp measured by the communication device at the higher spatial position. Timestamp synchronization is achieved through timestamp compensation. In the formula, θ is the muon's zenith angle, obtained from the muon's track information; H is the vertical distance between the first detectors of the time measurement modules of the muon measurement modules of the two communication devices, obtained from pre-calibrated spatial parameters; and c is the muon's approximate speed of light.

[0123] After synchronizing the timestamps, the data processing module extracts segments within the synchronized timestamps based on the starting position and the length n of the extracted random sequence from the input parameters in step 1, thus obtaining a random sequence.

[0124] The data processing module arranges and stores the obtained angle numbers and random sequences according to the time order of data packet generation, resulting in an angle number sequence and random sequence library that are generated from the same muon and are arranged in the same column according to the time order of generation.

[0125] In the above communication method, the angle number sequence is a sequence composed of muon angle numbers arranged in chronological order according to the occurrence of the muon hit event;

[0126] The aforementioned random sequence library is a sequence library composed of random sequences arranged in chronological order of muon hit events; there is a correspondence between the angle number sequence and the random sequence library: the angle number or random sequence at the same index is generated from the same muon.

[0127] In some preferred embodiments, in step 3 of the above communication method, after receiving the angle number sequence, the communication device uses the Needleman-Wunsch algorithm to perform a sequence comparison with the local angle number sequence.

[0128] In some preferred embodiments, in step 3 of the above communication method, the redundant part in the angle numbering sequence refers to: a cosmic ray muon only hits the first detector of the time measurement module and the second detector of the track measurement module of the muon measurement module of one set of communication devices, and only generates a data packet in the hit communication device. This data packet generates a redundant part relative to other communication devices in the same column of the random sequence library and the angle numbering sequence; or, a cosmic ray muon hits the first detector of the time measurement module and the second detector of the track measurement module of two sets of communication devices, and only one set of communication devices detects the cosmic ray muon and generates a data packet. This data packet generates a redundant part relative to other communication devices in the same column of the random sequence library and the angle numbering sequence.

[0129] In some preferred embodiments, the operation in step 3 of the above communication method is automatically performed once every time interval T of the exchange angle number sequence in the input parameters of step 1 while waiting for the next sending task;

[0130] In some preferred embodiments, step 5 of the above communication method further includes: after this step, regardless of whether decryption is successful or not, both communication devices delete the data packets, angle numbers, and random sequences used in this encrypted communication. This ensures that they are not reused and improves communication security.

[0131] To more clearly demonstrate the technical solution and its effects provided by the present invention, the following detailed description of the solution provided by the embodiments of the present invention is provided with reference to specific examples.

[0132] Example 1

[0133] like Figure 2 As shown, this embodiment provides a communication device for near-field encrypted communication using cosmic ray muons, comprising:

[0134] The module consists of a muon measurement module, a data processing module, and a communication module; among which,

[0135] The muon measurement module can detect the time information and track information of cosmic ray muons, and send the measured time information and track information as muon measurement data to the data processing module according to the internal trigger selection conditions.

[0136] The data processing module is communicatively connected to the muon measurement module. It receives muon measurement data from the muon measurement module and performs a first screening, assigning angle numbers and synchronization timestamps to the retained muon measurement data. It generates a random sequence using the synchronization timestamps, arranges the angle numbers and random sequences according to the time sequence of the muon measurement data generation, and stores them to obtain an angle number sequence and a random sequence library. Upon receiving angle number sequences from other communication devices, it performs a second screening, deleting redundant random sequences and angle numbers from the local random sequence library and angle number sequence. During encryption, it generates a key and a flag sequence from the random sequence library and sends them to the communication module. During decryption, it generates a corresponding key based on the flag sequence sent by the communication module and sends it to the communication module.

[0137] The communication module is connected to the data processing module and can encrypt plaintext or decrypt ciphertext using the key generated by the data processing module; transmit ciphertext and a flag sequence to other communication devices during encryption; and send a flag sequence to the data processing module during decryption.

[0138] The configuration of the muon measurement module in this embodiment is as follows: Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown, it includes: a time measurement module and a track measurement module; wherein, the time measurement module is communicatively connected to the track measurement module, and can detect the time information of cosmic ray muons and send it to the track measurement module, while also sending a trigger signal to the track measurement module;

[0139] The track measurement module is communicatively connected to the time measurement module and the data processing module, respectively. It can detect the track information of cosmic ray muons. When a trigger is generated according to the trigger signal and the internally set trigger selection conditions, the measured track information and the time information of the muons sent by the time measurement module are input into a data packet as muon measurement data and sent to the data processing module.

[0140] The time measurement module includes: a first detector and a first readout circuit; wherein...

[0141] The first detector can generate an electrical signal when it detects a muon strike from a cosmic ray.

[0142] The first readout circuit is electrically connected to the first detector and the track measurement module, respectively. It can process and convert the electrical signal generated by the first detector to obtain the impact time of the cosmic ray muon, and convert it into a timestamp as the time information of the cosmic ray muon and send it to the track measurement module. At the same time, it sends a trigger signal to the track measurement module.

[0143] The track measurement module includes: a second detector and a second readout circuit; wherein,

[0144] The second detector can generate an electrical signal when it detects the tracks of cosmic ray muons.

[0145] The second readout circuit is electrically connected to the second detector, the first readout circuit, and the data processing module. It processes and converts the electrical signal generated by the second detector to obtain the track information of cosmic ray muons. Based on the trigger signal sent by the first readout circuit, it generates a trigger according to the internally set trigger selection conditions. After triggering, the track information and the time information related to the trigger signal are put into a data packet. Each data packet stores only the time information and track information of one cosmic ray muon as muon measurement data. The time information related to the trigger signal that does not trigger the second readout circuit, as well as the track information related to the electrical signal that does not trigger the second readout circuit, are not retained. The trigger selection conditions set internally by the second readout circuit are: only when the first readout circuit generates a trigger signal and the second detector of the track measurement module generates an electrical signal, and the time difference between the trigger signal detected by the second readout circuit and the electrical signal generated by the second detector is less than a predetermined time window δt.

[0146] The advantages of this muon measurement module in this embodiment are: simple structure and low cost.

[0147] Example 2

[0148] This embodiment provides a communication device for near-field encrypted communication using cosmic ray muons. Its structure is basically the same as the communication device in Embodiment 1, the difference being the different configuration of the muon measurement module. Figure 5 , Figure 6 As shown, the muon measurement module includes: a time measurement module and a track measurement module; wherein,

[0149] The track measurement module is communicatively connected to the time measurement module, which can detect the track information of cosmic ray muons and send it to the time measurement module, while also sending a trigger signal to the time measurement module.

[0150] The time measurement module is connected to the track measurement module and the data processing module. It can detect the time information of cosmic ray muons. When a trigger is generated according to the internally set trigger selection conditions based on the trigger signal, the measured time information and the track information of the muons sent by the track measurement module are input into a data packet as muon measurement data and sent to the data processing module.

[0151] The track measurement module includes: a second detector and a second readout circuit; wherein,

[0152] The second detector can generate an electrical signal when it detects the tracks of cosmic ray muons.

[0153] The second readout circuit is electrically connected to the second detector and the time measurement and processing module. It can process and convert the electrical signals generated by the second detector to obtain the track information of cosmic ray muons and send it to the time measurement module. At the same time, it sends a trigger signal to the time measurement module.

[0154] The time measurement module includes: a first detector and a first readout circuit; wherein,

[0155] The first detector can generate an electrical signal when it detects a muon strike from a cosmic ray.

[0156] The first readout circuit is electrically connected to the first detector, the second readout circuit, and the data processing module. It processes and converts the electrical signal generated by the first detector to obtain the impact time of the cosmic ray muon, and converts it into a timestamp as the time information of the cosmic ray muon. Based on the trigger signal sent by the second readout circuit, it generates a trigger according to the internally set trigger selection conditions. After triggering, the time information and track information related to the trigger signal are put into a data packet. Each data packet stores only the time information and track information of one cosmic ray muon as muon measurement data. Track information related to trigger signals that do not trigger the first readout circuit, as well as time information related to electrical signals that do not trigger the first readout circuit, are not retained. The trigger selection conditions internally set by the second readout circuit are: only when the second readout circuit generates a trigger signal and the first detector of the time measurement module generates an electrical signal, and the time difference between the trigger signal detected by the first readout circuit and the electrical signal generated by the first detector is less than a predetermined time window δt.

[0157] This embodiment of the muon measurement module also has the advantages of simple structure and low cost.

[0158] Example 3

[0159] This embodiment provides a communication device for near-field encrypted communication using cosmic ray muons. Its structure is basically the same as the communication device in Embodiment 1, the difference being the different configuration of the muon measurement module. Figure 7 , Figure 8As shown, the muon measurement module includes: a time measurement module, a track measurement module, and a data packet transmission module; wherein,

[0160] The time measurement module is connected to the data packet sending module. It can detect the time information of cosmic ray muons and send it to the data packet sending module. At the same time, it sends a trigger signal A to the data packet sending module.

[0161] The track measurement module is connected to the data packet sending module. It can detect the track information of cosmic ray muons and send it to the data packet sending module. At the same time, it sends a trigger signal B to the data packet sending module.

[0162] The data packet sending module, which communicates with the data processing module, can input the time information of cosmic ray muons sent by the time measurement module and the track information of cosmic ray muons sent by the track measurement module into a data packet as muon measurement data when a trigger is generated according to the internally set trigger selection conditions based on trigger signal A and trigger signal B. This data packet is then sent to the data processing module.

[0163] The time measurement module includes: a first detector and a first readout circuit; wherein...

[0164] The first detector can generate an electrical signal when it detects a muon strike from a cosmic ray.

[0165] The first readout circuit is electrically connected to the first detector and the data packet sending module, respectively. It can process and convert the electrical signal generated by the first detector to obtain the impact time of the cosmic ray muon, and convert it into a timestamp as the time information of the cosmic ray muon, and send it to the data packet sending module. At the same time, it sends a trigger signal A to the data packet sending module.

[0166] The track measurement module includes: a second detector and a second readout circuit; wherein,

[0167] The second detector can generate an electrical signal when it detects the tracks of cosmic ray muons.

[0168] The second readout circuit is electrically connected to the second detector and the data packet sending module, respectively. It can process and convert the electrical signal generated by the second detector to obtain the track information of cosmic ray muons and send it to the data packet sending module. At the same time, it sends a trigger signal B to the data packet sending module.

[0169] The data packet sending module, which is communicatively connected to the data processing module, can generate a trigger based on the trigger signal A sent by the first readout circuit and the trigger signal B sent by the second readout circuit according to the internally set trigger selection conditions. After triggering, the time information related to the trigger signal A and the track information related to the trigger signal B are put into a data packet. Each data packet stores only the time information and track information of one cosmic ray muon as muon measurement data. The time information related to the trigger signal A and the track information related to the trigger signal B that have not triggered the data packet sending module will not be retained. The trigger selection conditions set internally by the data packet sending module are: only when the first readout circuit generates the trigger signal A and the second readout circuit generates the trigger signal B, and the data packet sending module detects that the time difference between the trigger signal A and the trigger signal B is less than a predetermined time window δt.

[0170] The muon measurement module of this embodiment has the advantage of strong scalability.

[0171] Example 4

[0172] This embodiment provides a communication system constructed from a communication device that uses cosmic ray muons for near-field encrypted communication. The communication device can be any of the communication devices described in Embodiments 1-3. This embodiment uses a communication system constructed from at least two sets of the communication devices from Embodiment 1 as an example. Each communicating party has one set of communication devices, and the communication devices used by both parties have identical structures. Each communication device consists of a muon measurement module (composed of a time measurement module and a track measurement module connected together), a data processing module, and a communication module. See the block diagram of the communication device. Figure 2 .

[0173] The time measurement module includes a first detector and its first readout circuit; the track measurement module includes a second detector and its second readout circuit; the data processing module and the communication module are implemented in a computer device.

[0174] like Figure 9 and Figure 16 As shown, the communication devices of both parties are placed at a certain vertical and horizontal distance. The method for implementing encrypted communication in the entire system is as follows:

[0175] Step 1: Calibrate the spatial parameters of the two sets of communication devices, input the required parameters into the data processing module of each set of communication devices in advance, and prepare for the commissioning of each set of communication devices before startup.

[0176] The communication device is activated. The time measurement module of the muon measurement module of both communication devices starts measuring the impact time of the cosmic ray muon and converts it into a timestamp as time information, which is then sent to the track measurement module. The track measurement module starts measuring the track information of the cosmic ray muon and, according to the preset trigger selection conditions inside the track measurement module, inputs the measured time information and track information of the muon into a data packet and sends it to the data processing module.

[0177] Step 2: The data processing module extracts the contents of the data packets and performs the first screening of the data packets using track information. After screening, the data processing module assigns angle numbers and synchronization timestamps to the retained data packets, generates random sequences using the synchronization timestamps, and then arranges and stores the angle numbers and random sequences according to the time order in which the data packets were generated, thus obtaining the angle number sequence and random sequence library.

[0178] After step 1 of the above steps starts the communication device, step 2 will continue to run in the background.

[0179] Step 3: Every time interval T or before the encryptor generates the key, the communication devices of both parties send the angle number sequence to each other and perform a second screening in the following way: After receiving the angle number sequence, the communication device compares it with the local angle number sequence, finds the redundant parts in the local angle number sequence, and deletes the angle numbers, random sequences and data packets corresponding to these redundant parts, so that the angle number sequences and random sequence libraries of both parties are consistent.

[0180] Step 4: Start a single encrypted communication: The data processing module of the encrypting party selects m random sequences in the random sequence library, starting from a certain random sequence, and concatenates them in order to form a key seed. Then, the key seed is used to concatenate the key. At the same time, the communication device of the encrypting party selects m angle numbers in the angle number sequence, starting from the angle number corresponding to the first random sequence, and concatenates them in order to form a flag sequence.

[0181] The encryption party's data processing module submits the key and flag sequence to the communication module. The communication module uses the key to encrypt the information to obtain ciphertext, and sends the ciphertext and flag sequence together to the decryption party's communication device.

[0182] Step 5: After receiving the ciphertext and the flag sequence, the communication module of the decryptor's communication device first submits the flag sequence to the data processing module. The data processing module searches for segments that are the same as the flag sequence in the local angle number sequence. There are N segments that are the same. The data processing module extracts the segments of the N random sequences corresponding to the N segments that are the same, generates N keys, and submits them to the communication module. The communication module uses the N keys to decrypt the ciphertext once, for a total of N decryptions.

[0183] If the communication module fails to decrypt N times, it will send a failure signal to the encryption party's communication device. If it succeeds once out of the N decryption attempts, it will send a success signal to the encryption party's communication device. When the encryption party's communication device receives the failure signal, it will return to step 3 and repeat steps 3 to 5 for the failed message until it receives the success signal. When the encryption party's communication device receives the success signal, it will return to step 3 and wait for the next encrypted message transmission task.

[0184] The first detector of the aforementioned time measurement module can be any detector capable of detecting cosmic ray muons and having the ability to measure the impact time, including plastic scintillator detectors, MRPC detectors, etc.; the first readout circuit of the time measurement module can process and convert the electrical signal from the first detector to obtain the impact time of the cosmic ray muons and convert it into a timestamp as time information.

[0185] The second detector of the aforementioned track measurement module can be any detector capable of detecting cosmic ray muons and having track measurement capabilities, such as a time projection chamber, a combination of multi-layer Micromegas detectors, etc.; the second readout circuit of the track measurement module can process and convert the electrical signals from the second detector to obtain the track information of cosmic ray muons.

[0186] In step 1 above, the calibrated spatial parameters are the coordinates of the detectors of all communication devices in a defined three-dimensional Cartesian coordinate system; the parameters input to the data processing module include: the calibrated spatial parameters, the time window δt for triggering the selection condition, the starting position of the timestamp, the length n of the extracted random sequence, the range of each angle partition in the x and y planes, the angle number value corresponding to each angle partition, the time interval T for exchanging the angle number sequence, and the number m of random sequences used to generate the key.

[0187] In step 1 above, the track measurement module generates a data packet according to internally preset trigger selection conditions in the following manner: the first readout circuit of the time measurement module sends the obtained timestamp to the second readout circuit of the track measurement module and quickly sends a trigger signal to the second readout circuit. The second readout circuit triggers according to the trigger signal and the following internally set trigger selection conditions: triggering occurs when and only when the trigger signal generated by the first readout circuit and the electrical signal generated by the second detector are both present, and the second readout circuit detects that the time difference between the trigger signal and its own generated electrical signal is less than δt. The timestamp and track information related to the trigger signal are placed in a data packet. Each data packet stores only the data generated by one cosmic ray muon. Track information related to electrical signals that do not trigger the second readout circuit, as well as time information related to trigger signals that do not trigger the second readout circuit, are not retained.

[0188] In step 2 above, the data processing module performs the first screening as follows: After receiving a data packet, the data processing module (computer device) extracts the track information within the data packet, reconstructs the track in a Cartesian coordinate system, and, based on the calibrated spatial parameters, determines whether the cosmic ray muon corresponding to the data packet can hit the detector of other communication devices. If it is determined that the cosmic ray muon can hit the detector of other communication devices, the data of the data packet is stored; otherwise, the data of the data packet is deleted. The effect of the first screening is as follows: Figure 9 As shown, in the first screening, the data packet corresponding to Muon track 1 is retained by both communication devices; Muon track 2 only generates data packets in communication device 1, so the data packet is deleted.

[0189] In step 2 above, the data processing module assigns angle numbers to the data packets in the following manner: After obtaining the track information of the muons measured by the track measurement module, the data processing module projects the tracks onto two vertical and mutually perpendicular planes in the spatial rectangular coordinate system, namely the x-plane and the y-plane, to obtain the angles θx and θy between the two projections and the vertical direction; before the communication device officially starts working, based on the probability distribution of θx and θy, the angle range of the x-plane is pre-divided into k1 partitions, and the angle range of the y-plane is pre-divided into k2 partitions. The result of one partition is as follows: Figure 10 As shown, Figure 10 In the data processing module, the angular ranges of the x-plane and y-plane are each divided into 3 partitions. Based on the magnitude of θx, the data processing module determines that the data belongs to the a-th partition among the k1 partitions in the x-plane, and based on the magnitude of θy, determines that the data belongs to the b-th partition among the k2 partitions in the y-plane. Finally, the data packet is assigned the angular number (a, b).

[0190] In step 2 above, the data processing module uses the time information inside the data packet to synchronize the timestamp in the following manner (see...). Figure 11 The system includes: a data processing module of a communication device located at a lower spatial position, which, in conjunction with the track information of the muon, calculates the flight time Δt of the muon between the two communication devices using the formula Δt=H / (c⋅cosθ), and subtracts Δt from the timestamp to synchronize with the timestamp measured by the communication device located at a higher spatial position; in the formula, θ is the zenith angle of the muon, which can be obtained from the track information of the muon; H is the vertical distance between the first detectors of the time measurement modules of the muon measurement modules of the two communication devices (where the first detector of the time measurement module of the upper communication device is the upstream detector, and the first detector of the time measurement module of the upper communication device is the downstream detector), which can be obtained from pre-calibrated spatial parameters; c is the approximate speed of light for the muon's flight; the data generated by the upper communication device is the upstream data, and the data generated by the lower communication device is the downstream data.

[0191] or,

[0192] The data processing module of the communication device located at a higher spatial position, combined with the track information of the muon, calculates the flight time Δt of the muon between the two communication devices using the formula Δt=H / (c⋅cosθ). Δt is added to the timestamp to synchronize with the timestamp measured by the communication device located at the higher spatial position. In the formula, θ is the zenith angle of the muon, obtained from the track information of the muon; H is the vertical distance between the first detectors of the time measurement modules of the muon measurement modules of the two communication devices, obtained from pre-calibrated spatial parameters; and c is the approximate speed of light for the muon's flight.

[0193] In step 2 above, the data processing module generates a random sequence using the synchronized timestamps in the following ways: such as... Figure 11 As shown, the data processing modules of both communicating parties, according to the starting position and length n of the random sequence extracted from the timestamp in the input parameters of step 1, extract segments within the synchronized timestamp to obtain a random sequence. After extraction from the timestamp, the portion with low randomness due to the relatively stable flux of muons located before the extracted random sequence is deleted, and the portion that cannot be synchronized due to the calculation error of the flight time Δt located after the extracted random sequence is deleted.

[0194] In step 2 above, the angle numbers and random sequences are arranged and stored according to the time sequence of data packet generation. The result of obtaining the angle number sequence and random sequence library is as follows: Figure 12 As shown, there is a correspondence between the generated time-ordered angle number sequence and the random sequence: the angle numbers in the same column and the random sequence are generated from the same muon.

[0195] In step 3 above, the act of the communication device sending the angle number sequence to other communication devices will not lead to key leakage because the angle number is generated using the track information of cosmic ray muons, which is independent of the time when the cosmic ray muons hit the detector, and therefore independent of the content of the key generated by the device. Preferably, the Needleman-Wunsch algorithm can be used for sequence alignment in step 3.

[0196] In step 3 above, the redundant part in the angle numbering sequence has the following causes and characteristics: Figure 13 , Figure 14As shown, if a cosmic ray muon hits the detector of only one communication device, a data packet will only be generated in the hit communication device. This results in a redundant portion in the same column of the random sequence library and angle numbering sequence, relative to other devices. Alternatively, if a cosmic ray muon hits the detectors of the muon measurement modules of two communication devices, but due to the limitations of detector detection efficiency, only one communication device will detect the cosmic ray muon and generate a data packet. This data packet will also generate a redundant portion in the same column of the random sequence library and angle numbering sequence, relative to other communication devices.

[0197] In step 4 above, the generation of the key and the flag sequence, as well as the process of finding the segment in the local angle numbering sequence that matches the flag sequence to generate the key, are as follows: Figure 15 As shown.

[0198] In step 5 above, regardless of whether decryption is successful or not, the communication devices of both parties will delete the data packets, angle numbers, and random sequences used in this encrypted communication to ensure that they are not reused and to improve the reliability of the system.

[0199] The communication device configuration in this embodiment is only for the purpose of helping to understand the solution of the present invention and is not intended to limit the configuration of the communication device.

[0200] In this embodiment, the angles between the projections of the muon tracks onto two vertical planes and the vertical direction are used as the basis for classification and numbering. These angles are obtained by establishing a Cartesian coordinate system with the detector of the communication device as the origin, the vertical direction as the z-axis, and two mutually perpendicular directions on the horizontal plane as the x-axis and y-axis. In actual classification, other coordinate systems (such as spherical coordinates, cylindrical coordinates, etc.) can be used to describe the angles of the muons and to classify and number them.

[0201] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the processes in the above embodiments can be implemented by a program instructing related hardware. The program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and when executed, it can include the processes of the embodiments of the above methods. The storage medium can be a magnetic disk, optical disk, read-only memory (ROM), or random access memory (RAM), etc.

[0202] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope of the claims. The information disclosed in the background section is intended only to enhance the understanding of the overall background technology of the present invention and should not be construed as an admission or implication in any way that such information constitutes prior art known to those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A communication device for near-field encrypted communication using cosmic ray muons, characterized in that, include: The muon measurement module can detect the time and track information of cosmic ray muons, and send the measured time and track information as muon measurement data to the data processing module according to the internal trigger selection conditions. The data processing module, which communicates with the muon measurement module, receives muon measurement data sent by the muon measurement module and performs an initial screening. It assigns angle numbers and synchronization timestamps to the retained muon measurement data, generates random sequences using the synchronization timestamps, and arranges and stores the angle numbers and random sequences according to the time sequence of the muon measurement data generation to obtain an angle number sequence and a random sequence library. Upon receiving angle number sequences from other communication devices, it performs a second screening, deleting redundant random sequences and angle numbers from the local random sequence library and angle number sequence. Finally, during encryption, it generates a key and flag sequence from the random sequence library and sends them to the communication module. And during decryption, a corresponding key is generated based on the flag sequence sent by the communication module and sent to the communication module; The communication module, connected to the data processing module, can encrypt plaintext or decrypt ciphertext using the key generated by the data processing module; and can transmit ciphertext and a flag sequence to other communication devices during encryption; and send a flag sequence to the data processing module during decryption.

2. The communication device for near-field encrypted communication using cosmic ray muons according to claim 1, characterized in that, The muon measurement module adopts any one of the following three structures: The muon measurement module of the first structure includes: a time measurement module and a track measurement module; wherein... The time measurement module is communicatively connected to the track measurement module, and can detect the time information of cosmic ray muons and send it to the track measurement module, while also sending a trigger signal to the track measurement module. The track measurement module is communicatively connected to the time measurement module and the data processing module, respectively. It can detect the track information of cosmic ray muons. When a trigger is generated according to the trigger signal and the internally set trigger selection conditions, the measured track information and the time information of the muons sent by the time measurement module are input into a data packet as muon measurement data and sent to the data processing module. The second type of muon measurement module includes: a time measurement module and a track measurement module; wherein... The track measurement module is communicatively connected to the time measurement module, and can detect the track information of cosmic ray muons and send it to the time measurement module, while also sending a trigger signal to the time measurement module. The time measurement module is communicatively connected to the track measurement module and the data processing module, respectively. It can detect the time information of cosmic ray muons. When a trigger is generated according to the trigger signal and the internally set trigger selection conditions, the measured time information and the track information of the muons sent by the track measurement module are input into a data packet as muon measurement data and sent to the data processing module. The muon measurement module of the third structure includes: The muon measurement module includes: a time measurement module, a track measurement module, and a data packet transmission module; wherein... The time measurement module is communicatively connected to the data packet sending module, and can detect the time information of cosmic ray muons and send it to the data packet sending module, while simultaneously sending a trigger signal A to the data packet sending module; The track measurement module is communicatively connected to the data packet sending module, and can detect the track information of cosmic ray muons and send it to the data packet sending module, while simultaneously sending a trigger signal B to the data packet sending module; The data packet sending module is communicatively connected to the data processing module. When a trigger is generated according to the internally set trigger selection conditions based on trigger signal A and trigger signal B, it inputs the time information of cosmic ray muons sent by the time measurement module and the track information of cosmic ray muons sent by the track measurement module into a data packet as muon measurement data and sends it to the data processing module.

3. The communication device for near-field encrypted communication using cosmic ray muons according to claim 1, characterized in that, The time measurement module in the muon measurement module of the first structure includes: a first detector and a first readout circuit; wherein... The first detector can generate an electrical signal when it detects a muon strike from a cosmic ray; The first readout circuit is electrically connected to the first detector and the track measurement module, respectively. It can process and convert the electrical signal generated by the first detector to obtain the impact time of the cosmic ray muon, and convert it into a timestamp as the time information of the cosmic ray muon and send it to the track measurement module. At the same time, it sends a trigger signal to the track measurement module. The track measurement module includes: a second detector and a second readout circuit; wherein... The second detector can generate an electrical signal when it detects the tracks of cosmic ray muons; The second readout circuit is electrically connected to the second detector, the first readout circuit, and the data processing module. It processes and converts the electrical signal generated by the second detector to obtain the track information of cosmic ray muons. Based on the trigger signal sent by the first readout circuit, it generates a trigger according to the internally set trigger selection conditions. After triggering, the track information and the time information related to the trigger signal are placed into a data packet. Each data packet stores only the time information and track information of one cosmic ray muon as muon measurement data. The time information related to the trigger signal that does not trigger the second readout circuit, as well as the track information related to the electrical signal that does not trigger the second readout circuit, are not retained. The trigger selection conditions set internally by the second readout circuit are: only when the first readout circuit generates a trigger signal and the second detector of the track measurement module generates an electrical signal, and the time difference between the trigger signal and the electrical signal generated by the second detector is less than a predetermined time window δt. The track measurement module in the second type of muon measurement module includes: a second detector and a second readout circuit; wherein... The second detector can generate an electrical signal when it detects the tracks of cosmic ray muons; The second readout circuit is electrically connected to the second detector and the time measurement module. It can process and convert the electrical signal generated by the second detector to obtain the track information of cosmic ray muons and send it to the time measurement module. At the same time, it sends a trigger signal to the time measurement module. The time measurement module includes: a first detector and a first readout circuit; wherein... The first detector can generate an electrical signal when it detects a muon strike from a cosmic ray; The first readout circuit is electrically connected to the first detector, the second readout circuit, and the data processing module. It processes and converts the electrical signal generated by the first detector to obtain the impact time of the cosmic ray muon, and converts it into a timestamp as the time information of the cosmic ray muon. Based on the trigger signal sent by the second readout circuit, it generates a trigger according to the internally set trigger selection conditions. After triggering, the time information and track information related to the trigger signal are placed into a data packet. Each data packet stores only the time information and track information of one cosmic ray muon as muon measurement data. Track information related to trigger signals that do not trigger the first readout circuit, as well as time information related to electrical signals that do not trigger the first readout circuit, are not retained. The trigger selection conditions internally set by the second readout circuit are: only when the second readout circuit generates a trigger signal and the first detector of the time measurement module generates an electrical signal, and the time difference between the trigger signal and the electrical signal generated by the first detector detected by the first readout circuit is less than a predetermined time window δt. The time measurement module in the muon measurement module of the third structure includes: a first detector and a first readout circuit; wherein... The first detector can generate an electrical signal when it detects a muon strike from a cosmic ray; The first readout circuit is electrically connected to the first detector and the data packet sending module, respectively. It can process and convert the electrical signal generated by the first detector to obtain the impact time of the cosmic ray muon, and convert it into a timestamp as the time information of the cosmic ray muon, and send it to the data packet sending module. At the same time, it sends a trigger signal A to the data packet sending module. The track measurement module includes: a second detector and a second readout circuit; wherein... The second detector can generate an electrical signal when it detects the tracks of cosmic ray muons; The second readout circuit is electrically connected to the second detector and the data packet sending module, respectively. It can process and convert the electrical signal generated by the second detector to obtain the track information of cosmic ray muons and send it to the data packet sending module. At the same time, it sends a trigger signal B to the data packet sending module. The data packet sending module is communicatively connected to the data processing module. It can generate a trigger based on the trigger signal A sent by the first readout circuit and the trigger signal B sent by the second readout circuit according to the internally set trigger selection conditions. After triggering, the time information related to the trigger signal A and the track information related to the trigger signal B are put into a data packet. Each data packet stores only the time information and track information of one cosmic ray muon as muon measurement data. The time information related to the trigger signal A and the track information related to the trigger signal B that have not triggered the data packet sending module will not be retained. The trigger selection conditions set internally by the data packet sending module are: only when the first readout circuit generates the trigger signal A and the second readout circuit generates the trigger signal B, and the data packet sending module detects that the time difference between the trigger signal A and the trigger signal B is less than a predetermined time window δt.

4. The communication apparatus for near-field encrypted communication using cosmic ray muons according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The data processing module performs a first-stage filtering of the muon measurement data received from the muon measurement module in the following manner: After receiving a data packet containing muon measurement data, the data processing module extracts the track information from the data packet, reconstructs the track of the cosmic ray muon in a spatial rectangular coordinate system, and, in conjunction with the calibrated spatial parameters, determines whether the cosmic ray muon corresponding to the data packet can hit the detector of the muon measurement module of other communication devices. If it is determined that the cosmic ray muon can hit the detector of the muon measurement module of other communication devices, the data packet is stored; otherwise, the data packet is deleted.

5. The communication device for near-field encrypted communication using cosmic ray muons according to claim 4, characterized in that, The data processing module performs a second filtering upon receiving angle number sequences from other communication devices, including: Every time interval T between exchanging angle number sequences or before the encryptor generates a key, after receiving an angle number sequence sent by another communication device, the sequence is compared with the local angle number sequence to find redundant parts in the local angle number sequence and random sequence library, and the angle number and random sequence corresponding to the redundant parts are deleted. The data processing module generates encryption keys and flag sequences using a random sequence library during encryption in the following manner: The data processing module selects m random sequences in the random sequence library, starting from a randomly selected random sequence, and concatenates them sequentially to form a key seed. Then, it uses the key seed to generate a key. In the angle number sequence, starting from the angle number corresponding to the first random sequence, it selects m angle numbers in the random sequence and concatenates them sequentially to form a flag sequence. The data processing module generates a corresponding decryption key based on the flag sequence sent by the communication module during decryption, in the following manner: After receiving the flag sequence from the communication module, the data processing module searches for N segments that are identical to the flag sequence within the local angle number sequence, extracts the segments of the N random sequences corresponding to the N identical segments, and generates N corresponding decryption keys.

6. The communication device for near-field encrypted communication using cosmic ray muons according to claim 5, characterized in that, When the communication module performs decryption using N decryption keys, if decryption fails, it sends a failure signal to the encryption party's communication device; if one of the N decryption attempts is successful, it sends a success signal to the encryption party's communication device.

7. A communication system for near-field encrypted communication using cosmic ray muons, characterized in that, It includes two sets of communication devices as described in any one of claims 1-6, the two sets of communication devices being placed at a predetermined vertical or horizontal distance, and capable of near-field encrypted communication via cosmic ray muons.

8. A communication method for near-field encrypted communication using cosmic ray muons in the system of claim 7, characterized in that, include: Step 1: Calibrate the spatial parameters of the communication devices of both sides of the system and input the parameters into each communication device; After each communication device is started, it stores the measured time information and track information of the muon into the data packet according to the internal trigger selection conditions; Step 2: The communication device filters data packets using calibrated spatial parameters and track information of muons within the data packets, and uses the filtered and retained data packets to generate and expand the angle numbering sequence and random sequence library; Step 3: The communication devices of both parties send the angle number sequence to each other. By comparing the sequences, the redundant parts of the angle number sequence and the random sequence library are found and deleted, so that the angle number sequence and the random sequence library of both parties are consistent. Step 4: At the start of a single encrypted communication, the encrypting party uses its local random sequence library and angle number sequence to generate a key and a flag sequence, encrypts the plaintext with the key to obtain ciphertext, and sends the ciphertext and flag sequence to the decrypting party. Step 5: The decryptor receives the ciphertext and the flag sequence, generates a key using the flag sequence, the local random sequence library, and the angle number sequence, decrypts the ciphertext using the key, and sends the decryption result back to the encryptor. If decryption fails, both parties repeat steps 3 to 5 for the failed ciphertext until decryption is successful. If decryption is successful, return to step 3 and wait for the next sending task.

9. The communication method for near-field encrypted communication using cosmic ray muons according to claim 8, characterized in that, In step 1, the spatial parameters of the communication devices of the two communicating parties in the calibration system are the coordinates of the muon measurement module of each communication device in a predetermined three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system. Inputting parameters into each communication device involves inputting the following parameters into the data processing module of each communication device: spatial parameters for calibrating the communication device, shape and size of the detector, time window δt for triggering the selection condition, starting position of the timestamp, length n of the captured random sequence, range of each angle partition in the x and y planes of the spatial rectangular coordinate system, angle number value corresponding to each angle partition, time interval T for exchanging angle number sequences, and number m of random sequences used to generate the encryption key. In step 1, after each communication device is activated, it stores the measured muon time information and track information into a data packet according to the internal trigger selection conditions in the following manner: The first readout circuit of the time measurement module of the muon measurement module of the communication device processes and converts the electrical signal generated by the first detector when it detects a cosmic ray muon impact into a timestamp as time information, and sends it to the second readout circuit of the track measurement module of the muon measurement module. At the same time, it sends a trigger signal to the second readout circuit. The second readout circuit generates a trigger based on the trigger signal and the electrical signal generated by the second detector according to the internally set trigger selection conditions. After triggering, the time information and track information related to the trigger signal are put into a data packet. Each data packet stores only the time information and track information generated by one cosmic ray muon as muon measurement data. The time information related to the trigger signal that did not trigger the second readout circuit, as well as the track information related to the electrical signal that did not trigger the second readout circuit, are not retained. The trigger selection conditions set internally by the second readout circuit are: only when the first readout circuit generates a trigger signal and the second detector of the track measurement module generates an electrical signal, and the time difference between the trigger signal and the electrical signal generated by the second detector is less than a predetermined time window δt. or, The second readout circuit of the track measurement module of the muon measurement module of the communication device processes and converts the electrical signal generated by the second detector when it detects the track of cosmic ray muons to obtain the track information of cosmic ray muons, and sends it to the first readout circuit of the time measurement module of the muon measurement module. At the same time, it sends a trigger signal to the first readout circuit. The first readout circuit generates a trigger according to the trigger signal and the electrical signal generated by the first detector according to the internally set trigger selection conditions. After triggering, the track information and time information related to the trigger signal are put into a data packet. Each data packet stores only the time information and track information generated by one cosmic ray muon as muon measurement data. Track information related to trigger signals that do not trigger the first readout circuit and time information related to electrical signals that do not trigger the first readout circuit are not retained. The trigger selection conditions set internally by the first readout circuit are: only when the second readout circuit generates a trigger signal and the first detector of the time measurement module generates an electrical signal, and the time difference between the trigger signal and the electrical signal generated by the first detector is less than a predetermined time window δt. or, The first readout circuit of the time measurement module of the muon measurement module of the communication device processes and converts the electrical signal generated by the first detector when it detects a cosmic ray muon impact to obtain the timestamp of the cosmic ray muon as time information, and sends it to the data packet sending module of the muon measurement module. Simultaneously, it sends trigger signal A to the data packet sending module. The second readout circuit of the track measurement module of the muon measurement module processes and converts the electrical signal generated by the second detector when it detects the track of the cosmic ray muon to obtain the track information of the cosmic ray muon, and sends it to the data packet sending module of the muon measurement module. Simultaneously, it sends trigger signal B to the data packet sending module. The data packet sending module then determines the track information based on trigger signal A and trigger signal B. Signal B is triggered according to the internally set trigger selection conditions. After triggering, the time information related to trigger signal A and the track information related to trigger signal B are put into a data packet. Each data packet stores only the time information and track information of one cosmic ray muon as muon measurement data. The time information related to trigger signal A and the track information related to trigger signal B that have not triggered the data packet sending module will not be retained. The trigger selection conditions set internally by the data packet sending module are: trigger signal A is generated only when the first readout circuit generates trigger signal A and the second readout circuit generates trigger signal B, and the data packet sending module detects that the time difference between trigger signal A and trigger signal B is less than a predetermined time window δt. In step 2, the communication device filters data packets using the spatial parameters of the communication device, the shape and size of the detector, and the track information of muons within the data packet in the following manner: The data processing module of the communication device reconstructs the geometric models of each detector in the muon measurement module of other communication devices in a spatial rectangular coordinate system based on the spatial parameters of the communication device and the shape and size of the detectors. Furthermore, upon receiving a data packet containing muon measurement data, it extracts the track information from the data packet and reconstructs the track of the cosmic ray muon in a spatial rectangular coordinate system based on the track information. It then determines whether the reconstructed track of the cosmic ray muon passes through the geometric models of each detector in the muon measurement module of other communication devices. If it is determined that the cosmic ray muon passes through the geometric models of each detector in the muon measurement module of other communication devices, the data in the data packet is stored; otherwise, the data in the data packet is deleted. In step 2, the communication device generates and expands the angle number sequence and random sequence library using the filtered and retained data packets in the following manner: The communication device first generates angle numbers using the filtered and retained data packets in the following manner: After the data processing module of the communication device extracts the track information of the muon from the filtered and retained data packets, it projects the track information onto the vertical and mutually perpendicular x-plane and y-plane in the spatial rectangular coordinate system to obtain the angles θx and θy between the projection and the vertical direction. Before the communication device starts working, based on the probability distribution of the angles θx and θy, the angle range of the x-plane is pre-divided into k1 partitions and the angle range of the y-plane is pre-divided into k2 partitions. The data processing module determines that the angle θx belongs to the a-th partition among the k1 partitions in the x-plane based on the size of the angle θx, and determines that the angle θy belongs to the b-th partition among the k2 partitions in the y-plane based on the size of the angle θy. Finally, the angle number of the data packet is assigned as (a, b). The communication device then synchronizes the timestamps of the retained data packets in the following manner, and then uses the synchronized timestamps to generate a random sequence, including: The data processing module of the communication device located at a lower spatial position, combined with the muon's track information, calculates the muon's flight time Δt between the two communication devices using the formula Δt=H / (c⋅cosθ). This flight time Δt is subtracted from the timestamp to synchronize with the timestamp measured by the communication device located at a higher spatial position. In the formula, θ is the muon's zenith angle, obtained from the muon's track information; H is the vertical distance between the first detectors of the time measurement modules of the muon measurement modules of the two communication devices, obtained from pre-calibrated spatial parameters; and c is the muon's approximate speed of light. Alternatively, the data processing module of the communication device located at a higher spatial position, combined with the muon's track information, calculates the muon's flight time Δt between the two communication devices using the formula Δt=H / (c⋅cosθ), and adds Δt to the timestamp to synchronize with the timestamp measured by the communication device located at a higher spatial position; in the formula, θ is the zenith angle of the muon, obtained from the muon's track information; H is the vertical distance between the first detectors of the time measurement modules of the muon measurement modules of the two communication devices, obtained from pre-calibrated spatial parameters; c is the muon's approximate speed of light. After synchronizing the timestamps, the data processing module extracts segments within the synchronized timestamps based on the starting position and the length n of the extracted random sequence from the input parameters in step 1, thus obtaining a random sequence. The data processing module arranges and stores the obtained angle numbers and random sequences according to the time order of data packet generation, resulting in an angle number sequence and random sequence library that are generated from the same muon and are arranged in the same column according to the time order of generation.

10. The communication method for near-field encrypted communication using cosmic ray muons according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that, In step 3, after receiving the angle number sequence, the communication device uses the Needleman-Wunsch algorithm to compare the sequence with the local angle number sequence. In step 3, the redundant part in the angle numbering sequence refers to: a cosmic ray muon hitting only the first detector of the time measurement module and the second detector of the track measurement module of a communication device, generating a data packet only in the hit communication device, and this data packet generating a redundant part relative to other communication devices in the same column of the random sequence library and the angle numbering sequence; or, a cosmic ray muon hitting the first detector of the time measurement module and the second detector of the track measurement module of two communication devices, only one communication device detects the cosmic ray muon and generates a data packet, and this data packet generating a redundant part relative to other communication devices in the same column of the random sequence library and the angle numbering sequence. The operation in step 3 is performed automatically once every time interval T of the exchange angle number sequence in the input parameters of step 1 while waiting for the next task to be sent. Step 5 further includes: after this step is completed, regardless of whether the decryption is successful or not, both parties' communication devices delete the data packets, angle numbers and random sequences used in this encrypted communication.

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