Special reinforcing and re-sticking material for lacquer coating layer on surface of terracotta warrior and preparation method and application of special reinforcing and re-sticking material

Abstract

The invention provides a special reinforced re-sticking material for a lacquer coating layer on the surface of a terracotta warrior as well as a preparation method and application of the special reinforced re-sticking material, and the reinforced re-sticking material comprises the following components in parts by weight: 15-60 parts of raw lacquer, 20-25 parts of tung oil and 15-60 parts of blood. The preparation method comprises the following steps: firstly, solarizing the raw lacquer to obtain refined lacquer with the viscosity of 150-200s, then uniformly mixing the refined lacquer with boiled tung oil, and finally adding the blood material for multiple times. According to the lacquer coating technology, the treated raw lacquer and boiled tung oil are uniformly mixed, a formed lacquer film can permeate into an aged lacquer coating layer, the fallen lacquer coating layer can be pasted back, and meanwhile the strength of the lacquer coating layer is improved. The blood material is prepared from fresh animal blood and calcium oxide, blood protein is cross-linked with calcium ions in lime slurry in an alkaline environment, the re-sticking adhesive property of the material is improved, and the alkaline condition is also beneficial to lacquer curing. Through the synergistic effect of the three groups of raw materials, the prepared back-sticking reinforcing material has excellent adhesive property and aging resistance, and can be widely applied to repairing the aged lacquer coating on the surface of the terracotta warrior.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of cultural relic restoration materials technology, specifically relating to a special reinforcing and re-attaching material for the lacquer layer on the surface of terracotta warriors, its preparation method, and its application. Background Technology

[0002] The terracotta warriors unearthed from the Mausoleum of the First Qin Emperor feature a unique lacquer finish. This finish not only mimics the distinctive attire of real Qin Dynasty soldiers but also enhances the adhesion of the painted pigments and protects the terracotta figures. It is a crucial element in conveying the historical and artistic value of these artifacts. The lacquer layer primarily consists of lacquer, ash, and other additives. However, due to the long-term burial environment, the organic matter, such as lacquer, has severely degraded. The breakage of macromolecular structures has significantly reduced the bonding strength between the lacquer layer and the terracotta body. Furthermore, the frequent fluctuations in humidity after the terracotta warriors' excavation disrupt the stress balance within the lacquer layer, causing it to peel, blister, crack, curl, and even detach. This not only severely damages the unique attire of the terracotta warriors but also causes the painted pigments to be lost along with the lacquer, resulting in irreversible damage to the artifacts.

[0003] The lacquer layer, as an important decorative and structural layer on the surface of the Terracotta Warriors, plays a crucial role in protecting the painted pigments and the terracotta body itself. Therefore, accurately reattaching the peeling, hollow, cracked, and curled lacquer layer to its original position on the terracotta body is a core aspect of the Terracotta Warriors' restoration and preservation work. The key to successful reattachment lies in selecting a highly compatible and stable reattachment and reinforcement material. Currently, the materials commonly used to reinforce the lacquer layer on the Terracotta Warriors' surface are mostly organic synthetic materials such as vinyl emulsions, acrylic emulsions, and acrylic resins. Although these materials can temporarily achieve a bonding effect, they generally suffer from poor aging resistance—they can only maintain an effective reinforcement period of 20 to 30 years under natural conditions. Furthermore, due to the insufficient compatibility between synthetic polymers and the natural materials of the lacquer layer, long-term use can easily lead to interface separation, which in turn exacerbates the risk of damage to the lacquer layer.

[0004] The "Complete Collection of Chinese Traditional Crafts: Lacquer Art" records that "the adhesives used in lacquerware are mainly animal glue and raw lacquer." Animal glue has poor permeability and is susceptible to aging and microbial erosion; while pure natural raw lacquer dries and hardens slowly, affecting restoration efficiency. Furthermore, the "Law of the People's Republic of China on the Protection of Cultural Relics" clearly requires that the protection and restoration of cultural relics must adhere to the principles of "not altering the original state of the cultural relic" and "minimal intervention." The lacquer layer of the Terracotta Warriors is inherently thin and brittle. Existing restoration materials, due to insufficient compatibility or performance defects, cannot solve the problems of insufficient bonding strength between the lacquer layer and the terracotta body, and poor long-term stability after re-application.

[0005] Therefore, developing a re-attachment reinforcement material that is compatible with the lacquer layer material and has good adhesion properties, and its application method, is of great practical significance for the long-term protection of the Terracotta Warriors. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the problems of poor compatibility between existing lacquer re-attachment and reinforcement materials for Terracotta Warriors, insufficient aging resistance, and inadequate adhesion, this invention provides a special re-attachment and reinforcement material for the lacquer layer on the surface of Terracotta Warriors. This material uses natural raw materials as its core, considering both compatibility with the lacquer layer and long-term stability. It can reattach peeling or even detached lacquer layers to the surface of the Terracotta Warriors, while simultaneously reinforcing aged lacquer layers. The re-attached and reinforced lacquer layer can be preserved for a long time in natural environments without peeling off, meeting the principles of cultural relic protection and restoration that require minimal intervention and do not alter the original state of the artifact.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a special reinforcing and re-attaching material for the lacquer layer on the surface of terracotta warriors, which is composed of the following components by weight: 15-60 parts of raw lacquer, 20-25 parts of tung oil and 15-60 parts of blood material; the blood material is prepared by mixing fresh animal blood and calcium oxide at a mass ratio of 2:(0.5-1.5).

[0008] In a preferred embodiment, the product comprises, by weight, 30-45 parts of raw lacquer, 20-25 parts of tung oil, and 30-50 parts of blood; the blood is prepared by mixing fresh animal blood and calcium oxide in a mass ratio of 1:(0.4-0.6).

[0009] In a preferred embodiment, the raw lacquer contains 50-70% urushiol, 8-12% laccase, 3-9% resin, and less than 5% moisture; the tung oil is boiled tung oil.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment, the fresh animal blood includes animal blood collected within 0 to 4 hours after slaughter, and the calcium oxide has a purity of ≥95%.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment, the blood sample is prepared by the following method:

[0012] The first step is to use a blender to break down the fresh animal blood collected within 0-4 hours after slaughter into thin plasma, filter it, and remove blood streaks and impurities.

[0013] The second step is to mix calcium oxide and deionized water at a mass ratio of 1:(2~6) to form a thin slurry, filter it, and make clean lime water;

[0014] The third step is to pour the clean lime water into the sieved diluted blood plasma while stirring, and then let it stand in a cool place for 2-3 hours to make blood material.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment, the re-adhesive reinforcement material has a viscosity of 100-200 s, a solid content of 25-65%, and a shear strength of 0.51-1.29 MPa.

[0016] Another objective of this invention is to provide a method for preparing a special reinforcing and re-attaching material for the lacquer layer on the surface of terracotta warriors, comprising the following steps:

[0017] (1) Prepare raw lacquer and tung oil according to the weight proportions; expose the raw lacquer to sunlight at 20~30 ℃ and stir, filter, and obtain refined lacquer with a viscosity of 150~200 s; mix the refined lacquer with tung oil and stir to obtain a uniform adhesive system.

[0018] (2) The blood material prepared is added to the adhesive system obtained in step (1) in three parts by weight. After each addition, the mixture is stirred until uniform to obtain the re-adhesion reinforcement material.

[0019] In a preferred embodiment, in step (1), the stirring speed of the refined lacquer and tung oil is 300~400 r / min, and the stirring time is 15~20 minutes.

[0020] In a preferred embodiment, in step (2), the weight ratio of blood added each time is 1:1:1, and after each addition, the mixture is stirred at 400~500 r / min for 10~15 minutes.

[0021] Another objective of this invention is to provide a special reinforcing and re-attaching material for the lacquer layer on the surface of terracotta warriors, and its application in repairing lacquer layers on the surface of terracotta warriors that are peeling, hollow, cracked, or curled.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution of the present invention has the following advantages:

[0023] In terms of formula design and raw materials, this invention uses only raw lacquer, tung oil and blood as core raw materials. Among them, the raw lacquer is of the same origin as the lacquer in the lacquer layer of the Terracotta Warriors, which reduces the conflict between the restoration materials and the artifacts at the molecular level and avoids the problem of interface separation caused by the different materials of existing organic materials. Moreover, the formula design is concise and can protect the historical appearance and material characteristics of the lacquer layer to the greatest extent.

[0024] In terms of preparation method, the present invention has a simple process and is easy to operate. All steps do not require high temperature and high pressure treatment and can be completed at room temperature. It is suitable for the actual application needs of cultural relic restoration site and effectively solves the problem that the existing reinforcement material preparation process is complicated and difficult to implement on the restoration site.

[0025] In terms of material properties, this invention combines the natural aging resistance of raw lacquer with the waterproof properties of tung oil and the flexible bonding properties of specially formulated blood pigment, producing a synergistic effect. The resulting reinforcement and re-attachment material has both excellent bonding and aging resistance properties, enabling long-term stable re-attachment of the lacquer layer. This solves the problems of poor compatibility between existing terracotta warrior lacquer layer re-attachment and reinforcement materials and insufficient aging resistance and bonding properties.

[0026] In terms of production costs, the raw materials of this invention are all natural and readily available substances, which are inexpensive and easy to purchase. Moreover, the preparation process does not emit any toxic or harmful substances, which is in line with the development concept of green cultural relic restoration. It can not only meet the restoration needs of the lacquer layer of the Terracotta Warriors, but also provide a feasible solution for the restoration of other cultural relics with lacquer layers, and has broad application prospects. Attached Figure Description

[0027] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the specific embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0028] Figure 1 The surface morphology of the lacquer layer on the Terracotta Warriors;

[0029] Figure 2 The elemental distribution of the lacquer layer in the cross section of the Terracotta Warriors;

[0030] Figure 3 XRD analysis results of the lacquer layer of the Terracotta Warriors;

[0031] Figure 4 THM-Py-GC / MS analysis results of the lacquer layer on the Terracotta Warriors;

[0032] Figure 5 THM-Py-GC / MS analysis results of the lacquer layer on the Terracotta Warriors;

[0033] Figure 6 The shear mechanical properties of the reinforced re-adhesion materials prepared in Examples 1-3 are shown. Detailed Implementation

[0034] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. However, it should be understood that the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0035] This invention provides a special re-adhesion reinforcement material for the lacquer layer on the surface of terracotta warriors, addressing the problems of poor compatibility between existing terracotta warrior lacquer layer reinforcement materials and the lacquer layer material, as well as insufficient aging resistance and adhesion.

[0036] The technical solution in this invention aims to solve the above problems, and the overall approach is as follows:

[0037] First, the inventors used a large number of scientific methods to... Figure 1 The composition of the lacquer layer on the surface of the terracotta warriors was analyzed, and the results showed that the lacquer layer on the surface of the terracotta warriors contained lacquer, drying oil and lacquer putty (the main component of which is calcium carbonate). Figure 2 The cross-sectional distribution and structure of the lacquer layer on the Terracotta Warriors are shown. The results indicate that the lacquer layer is fine, and its main constituent elements are Ca and Si. To further analyze the composition of the lacquer, XRD results show that the lacquer layer has strong CaCO3 and SiO2 diffraction peaks. Figure 3 The Gestalt diagram of labeled compounds derived from the pyrolysis products of urushiol is presented in... Figure 4 The black area corresponds to catechol, with 4-pentadecanoquinone being the main pyrolysis product. This is a characteristic pyrolysis compound of *Rhus veinicifera*. In addition, 1-propenzene (shown in green in the Gestalt plot), acidic catechol: 8-(2,3-dimethoxyphenyl)-8-oxooctanoic acid (shown in blue in the plot), and hydrocarbons generated from the pyrolysis of the urushiol side chain (shown in red in the Gestalt plot) were found in the sample. These findings are consistent with the previously described fracture characteristics of urushiol, providing evidence for its presence. Furthermore, the presence of acidic catechol indicates that the lacquer film underwent oxidation. Figure 5 The detection of a large number of fatty acids, particularly palmitic acid and stearic acid, indicates the presence of drying oils in the paint. The type of drying oil was identified by analyzing the peak area ratios of palmitic acid to stearic acid and azelaic acid to palmitic acid. Each type of drying oil has a characteristic range for its P / S ratio, which is considered to remain constant during aging due to the stability of saturated components, making it a suitable indicator of the types of oils present in the sample. Azelaic acid, as a characteristic marker of drying oils, is produced during the oxidative degradation of fatty acids.

[0038] Based on the above component analysis results and the principles of cultural relic protection and restoration of "not altering the original state of the cultural relics" and "minimal intervention," the inventors, using the most streamlined formula, developed a re-attachment reinforcement material that is compatible with the lacquer layer material and has good adhesion properties, along with its preparation method and application. This has significant practical implications for the long-term protection of the Terracotta Warriors. Specifically:

[0039] This invention provides a special reinforcing and re-attaching material for the lacquer layer on the surface of terracotta warriors. By weight, it consists of the following components: 15-60 parts of raw lacquer, 20-25 parts of tung oil, and 15-60 parts of blood material; the blood material is prepared by mixing fresh animal blood and calcium oxide at a mass ratio of 2:(0.5-1.5); preferably, the total weight of the raw lacquer, tung oil, and blood material is 100 parts.

[0040] In a preferred embodiment, the product comprises the following components by weight: 30-45 parts of raw lacquer, 20-25 parts of tung oil, and 30-50 parts of blood; the blood is prepared by mixing fresh animal blood and calcium oxide at a mass ratio of 1:(0.4-0.6); preferably, the total weight of the raw lacquer, tung oil, and blood is 100 parts.

[0041] In a preferred embodiment, the product comprises the following components by weight: 30-40 parts of raw lacquer, 20-25 parts of tung oil, and 30-40 parts of blood; the blood is prepared by mixing fresh animal blood and calcium oxide at a mass ratio of 1:(0.4-0.6); preferably, the total weight of the raw lacquer, tung oil, and blood is 100 parts.

[0042] In a preferred embodiment, the raw lacquer contains 50-70% urushiol, 8-12% laccase, 3-9% resin, and less than 5% moisture. Preferably, the preparation method of the raw lacquer includes: filtering and drying the raw lacquer sap directly cut from the lacquer tree to obtain pure raw lacquer. More preferably, the filtration process uses a 350-mesh filter cloth. The drying conditions include: drying the raw lacquer sap from 15-30% to less than 5% at a temperature of 20-30 °C and a humidity of 70-80% to prevent wrinkling or bubble formation after film formation.

[0043] In this invention, raw lacquer, as one of the core raw materials, is a milky-white, pure natural liquid coating harvested from lacquer trees, with urushiol as its main component. The molecular structure of urushiol contains aromatic hydrocarbons and long aliphatic side chains, which, under the catalytic oxidation of laccase, form urushiol polymers, creating a network-like three-dimensional structure. Furthermore, raw lacquer shares a common origin with the lacquer used in the terracotta warriors' lacquer layer—both are rich in natural components such as urushiol, laccase, and gums, and exhibit high similarity in molecular structure. This homology design minimizes the interfacial tension between the repair material and the lacquer layer, reducing material conflicts and preventing secondary cracking of the lacquer layer due to poor material compatibility. Meanwhile, the lacquer film formed after curing has excellent corrosion resistance, wear resistance and aging resistance, and can form a firm bond with the surface of the terracotta warriors, improving the adhesion of the reinforcing material. Furthermore, the lacquer will penetrate into the pores of the aged lacquer layer of the terracotta warriors, and the reinforcing material after curing can further increase the strength of the lacquer layer, providing a long-term protective barrier for the lacquer layer.

[0044] In a preferred embodiment, the tung oil is boiled tung oil.

[0045] In this invention, the tung oil used is a natural oil extracted from the seeds of the tung tree (Vernicia fordii). It is mainly composed of unsaturated fatty acids such as oleic acid, linoleic acid, and linolenic acid, which can undergo a cross-linking reaction with urushiol in raw lacquer to form a stable three-dimensional network structure, significantly improving the bonding strength of the material. Furthermore, after curing, tung oil exhibits excellent hydrophobicity, forming a dense waterproof film on the lacquer layer surface. This prevents environmental moisture from eroding the lacquer layer, reducing problems such as paint peeling and blistering caused by humidity changes, and further extending the stability period of the lacquer layer. Simultaneously, tung oil can effectively regulate the drying and curing speed of the raw lacquer, improve the ductility and elasticity of the lacquer film, and reduce stress during the drying and curing process of the raw lacquer in the reinforcing adhesive material.

[0046] In a preferred embodiment, the fresh animal blood includes animal blood collected within 0 to 4 hours after slaughter, and the purity of the calcium oxide is ≥95%; preferably, the fresh animal blood includes one or more of pig blood, cow blood, sheep blood, chicken blood, duck blood, and goose blood.

[0047] In a preferred embodiment, the blood sample is prepared by the following method:

[0048] The first step is to use a blender to break down the fresh animal blood collected within 0-4 hours after slaughter into thin plasma, filter it, and remove blood streaks and impurities.

[0049] The second step is to mix calcium oxide and deionized water at a mass ratio of 1:(2~6) to form a thin slurry, filter it, and make clean lime water;

[0050] The third step is to pour the clean lime water into the sieved diluted blood plasma while stirring, and then let it stand in a cool place for 2-3 hours to make blood material.

[0051] Preferably, in the first and / or second step, the filter used for filtration is a 40-80 mesh nylon filter; preferably, the filter is a 60 mesh nylon filter.

[0052] Preferably, in the first step, the stirring speed when the fresh animal blood is broken up is 800~1000 r / min.

[0053] Preferably, in the second step, the mass ratio of calcium oxide to deionized water is 1:4.

[0054] Preferably, in the third step, the lime water is poured into the diluted blood plasma at a rate of 10-15 mL / min, and the stirring speed is 500-600 r / min. By combining slow pouring with uniform stirring, the calcium ions in the lime water are brought into full contact with the proteins in the blood plasma, and a neutralization reaction is gradually carried out to generate protein calcium salts, which can avoid protein denaturation and clumping caused by excessively rapid local reactions.

[0055] Preferably, in the third step, the temperature of the shaded area is 20~25 ℃; by letting it stand in the shade, the protein calcium salt can be gradually polymerized to form a colloidal structure, thereby obtaining a blood material with uniform viscosity, which can then better blend with raw lacquer and tung oil; more preferably, the viscosity of the prepared blood material is 300~500 mPa·s.

[0056] The blood-based material used in this invention is prepared by reacting fresh animal blood with calcium oxide at room temperature. Its main component is protein-calcium salt, formed by the reaction of proteins in animal blood with calcium oxide. This substance has excellent colloidal properties, capable of filling tiny cracks and pores on the surface of the lacquer layer, increasing the contact area between the material and the lacquer layer, and improving interfacial adhesion. Simultaneously, the flexible nature of the protein-calcium salt can buffer the impact of environmental stress on the lacquer layer, adapting to the thin and brittle characteristics of the terracotta warrior's lacquer layer, increasing the strength of the lacquer layer after aging, preventing the lacquer layer from cracking during the repair process, and ensuring the safety of the re-attachment process. Therefore, the blood-based material designed in this invention can effectively enhance the adhesion, workability, waterproofness, crack resistance, and drying properties of the reinforcing re-attachment material, and improve the convenience of construction operations.

[0057] Regarding the synergistic effect of raw materials, the hemoglobin in fresh animal blood has both hydrophilic and lipophilic groups. Its lipophilic groups can fuse well with tung oil, while its hydrophilic groups can bind with water. Both can form a mesh structure in the reinforcing backing material, which is beneficial for preventing cracking. Simultaneously, the anionic and hydrophilic groups in hemoglobin can generate electrostatic repulsion between mortar particles, which helps release free water in the reinforcing backing material, thus facilitating its drying.

[0058] Furthermore, the calcium oxide used in the preparation of the lacquer reacts with water to form calcium hydroxide, which is alkaline; while urushiol, the main component of raw lacquer, is weakly acidic. When the two are mixed, a saponification reaction occurs, producing calcium urushiol salt, which greatly accelerates the curing process of the lacquer, making the reinforcing and bonding material dry faster and harder. In addition, calcium oxide, as a filler, can fill the aged lacquer layer. After long-term bonding, it will react with carbon dioxide in the air to form calcium carbonate, further increasing the bonding performance of the material and the reinforcement strength of the aged lacquer layer.

[0059] Through the synergistic effect of the above three groups of raw materials, the prepared re-adhesion reinforcement material has excellent performance, with a viscosity of 100~200 s, a solid content of 25~65%, and a shear strength of 0.51~1.29 MPa.

[0060] Another objective of this invention is to provide a method for preparing a special reinforcing and re-attaching material for the lacquer layer on the surface of terracotta warriors, comprising the following steps:

[0061] (1) Prepare raw lacquer and tung oil according to the weight proportions; expose the raw lacquer to sunlight at 20~30 ℃ and stir, filter, and obtain refined lacquer with a viscosity of 150~200 s; mix the refined lacquer with tung oil and stir to obtain a uniform adhesive system.

[0062] (2) The blood material prepared is added to the adhesive system obtained in step (1) in three parts by weight. After each addition, the mixture is stirred until uniform to obtain the re-adhesion reinforcement material.

[0063] In a preferred embodiment, in step (1), the raw lacquer is exposed to sunlight for 1 to 5 hours. This step removes some of the moisture from the raw lacquer, activates the laccase, and causes the urushiol to undergo a certain degree of oxidative polymerization, thereby obtaining a refined lacquer with a specific viscosity.

[0064] In a preferred embodiment, in step (1), the stirring speed of the refined lacquer and tung oil is 300~400 r / min, and the stirring time is 15~20 minutes.

[0065] In a preferred embodiment, in step (2), the weight ratio of blood added each time is 1:1:1, and after each addition, the mixture is stirred at a constant speed of 400~500 r / min for 10~15 minutes.

[0066] Another objective of this invention is to provide a special reinforcing and re-attaching material for the lacquer layer on the surface of terracotta warriors, and its application in repairing lacquer layers on the surface of terracotta warriors that are peeling, hollow, cracked, or curled.

[0067] The technical solution of this application will be described in detail below through specific embodiments:

[0068] Unless otherwise specified, the technical means used in this invention are conventional means well known to those skilled in the art. All raw materials, reagents, instruments, and equipment used in this invention can be purchased commercially or prepared using existing methods. Unless otherwise specified, all reagents used in this invention are of analytical grade. The boiled tung oil used in the embodiments of this invention was purchased from Sinopharm Group.

[0069] In this invention, the weight parts can be weight units known in the art such as µg, mg, g, kg, or multiples thereof, such as 1 / 10, 1 / 100, 10 times, 100 times, etc.

[0070] Example 1

[0071] (1) Blood preparation: It is prepared by mixing fresh pig blood and calcium oxide at room temperature. The specific steps include:

[0072] Step 1: Sieve the pig blood within 2 hours of slaughter and crush it with a mixer at 800 r / min for 10 minutes to obtain diluted blood plasma. Then, filter it through a 60-mesh nylon filter to remove blood streaks and impurities, and weigh out 120 g.

[0073] Step 2: Place 70 g of calcium oxide in a beaker, add 400 g of deionized water, mix into a uniform slurry, and then filter through a 60-mesh nylon filter to make clean lime water.

[0074] Step 3: Pour the clean lime water into the sieved diluted blood plasma at a rate of 10 mL / min, and stir at a speed of 600 r / min to allow the lime to fully react with the protein in the pig blood. Then let it stand in a cool place at 20℃ for 2 hours to make a uniform, purple, viscous blood sample.

[0075] (2) Expose the raw lacquer to sunlight at 30°C for 2 hours while stirring simultaneously, filter, and obtain 60 g of refined lacquer with a viscosity of 180s; mix the obtained refined lacquer with 25 g of tung oil and stir at 300 r / min for 15 minutes to obtain a uniform bonding system.

[0076] (3) Add 15 g of blood material from step (1) into the paint-oil mixture system prepared in step (2) in three parts. The weight ratio of blood material added each time is 1:1:1. After each addition, stir at a constant speed of 400 r / min for 10 minutes to obtain the paint layer back-adhesion reinforcement material.

[0077] Example 2

[0078] Compared with Example 1, the only difference lies in steps (2) and (3):

[0079] (2) Expose the raw lacquer to sunlight at 30°C for 2 hours while stirring simultaneously, filter, and obtain 45 g of refined lacquer with a viscosity of 180s; mix the obtained refined lacquer with 25 g of tung oil and stir at 300 r / min for 15 minutes to obtain a uniform bonding system.

[0080] (3) Add 30 g of blood material from step (1) into the paint-oil mixture system prepared in step (2) in three parts. The weight ratio of blood material added each time is 1:1:1. After each addition, stir at a constant speed of 400 r / min for 10 minutes to obtain the paint layer back-adhesion reinforcement material.

[0081] Example 3

[0082] Compared with Example 1, the only difference lies in steps (2) and (3):

[0083] (2) Expose the raw lacquer to sunlight at 30°C for 2 hours while stirring simultaneously, filter, and obtain 30 g of refined lacquer with a viscosity of 180s; mix the obtained refined lacquer with 25 g of tung oil and stir at 300 r / min for 15 minutes to obtain a uniform bonding system.

[0084] (3) Add 45 g of the blood material from step (1) into the paint-oil mixture system prepared in step (2) in three parts. The weight ratio of the blood material added each time is 1:1:1. After each addition, stir at a constant speed of 400 r / min for 10 minutes to obtain the paint layer back-adhesion reinforcement material.

[0085] The performance of the re-attachment reinforcement materials prepared in Examples 1-3 was tested. The test methods and results are shown in Table 1 and 2. Figure 6 As shown.

[0086] Table 1

[0087]

[0088] The foregoing description of specific exemplary embodiments of the invention is for illustrative and explanatory purposes. These descriptions are not intended to limit the invention to the precise forms disclosed, and it will be apparent that many changes and variations can be made in accordance with the foregoing teachings. The exemplary embodiments were chosen and described in order to explain the specific principles of the invention and its practical application, thereby enabling those skilled in the art to implement and utilize various different exemplary embodiments of the invention, as well as various different choices and variations. The scope of the invention is intended to be defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A special reinforcing and re-attaching material for the lacquer layer on the surface of terracotta warriors, characterized in that, The product is composed of the following components by weight: 15-60 parts raw lacquer, 20-25 parts tung oil, and 15-60 parts blood; the blood is prepared by mixing fresh animal blood and calcium oxide in a mass ratio of 2:(0.5-1.5).

2. The special reinforcing and re-attaching material for the lacquer layer on the surface of the Terracotta Warriors as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The product is composed of the following components by weight: 30-45 parts raw lacquer, 20-25 parts tung oil, and 30-50 parts blood; the blood is prepared by mixing fresh animal blood and calcium oxide in a mass ratio of 1:(0.4-0.6).

3. The special reinforcing and re-attaching material for the lacquer layer on the surface of the Terracotta Warriors as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The raw lacquer contains 50-70% urushiol, 8-12% laccase, 3-9% resin, and less than 5% moisture; the tung oil is boiled tung oil.

4. The special reinforcing and re-attaching material for the lacquer layer on the surface of the Terracotta Warriors as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The fresh animal blood includes animal blood collected within 0 to 4 hours after slaughter, and the calcium oxide has a purity of ≥95%.

5. The special reinforcing and re-attaching material for the lacquer layer on the surface of the Terracotta Warriors as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The blood sample was prepared by the following method: The first step is to use a blender to break down the fresh animal blood collected within 0-4 hours after slaughter into thin plasma, filter it, and remove blood streaks and impurities. The second step is to mix calcium oxide and deionized water at a mass ratio of 1:(2~6) to form a thin slurry, filter it, and make clean lime water; The third step is to pour the clean lime water into the sieved diluted blood plasma while stirring, and then let it stand in a cool place for 2-3 hours to make blood material.

6. The special reinforcing and re-attaching material for the lacquer layer on the surface of the Terracotta Warriors as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The re-attachment reinforcement material has a viscosity of 100~200 s, a solid content of 25~65%, and a shear strength of 0.51~1.29 MPa.

7. The preparation method of the special reinforcing and re-attaching material for the lacquer layer on the surface of terracotta warriors as described in any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: (1) Prepare raw lacquer and tung oil according to the weight proportions; expose the raw lacquer to sunlight at 20~30 ℃ and stir, filter, and obtain refined lacquer with a viscosity of 150~200 s; mix the refined lacquer with tung oil and stir to obtain a uniform adhesive system. (2) The blood material prepared is added to the adhesive system obtained in step (1) in three parts by weight. After each addition, the mixture is stirred until uniform to obtain the re-adhesion reinforcement material.

8. The preparation method of the special reinforcing and re-attaching material for the lacquer layer on the surface of terracotta warriors as described in claim 7, characterized in that, In step (1), the stirring speed of the refined paint and tung oil is 300~400 r / min, and the stirring time is 15~20 minutes.

9. The preparation method of the special reinforcing and re-attaching material for the lacquer layer on the surface of terracotta warriors as described in claim 7, characterized in that, In step (2), the weight ratio of blood added each time is 1:1:1, and after each addition, the mixture is stirred at 400~500 r / min for 10~15 minutes.

10. The application of the special reinforcing and re-attaching material for the lacquer layer on the surface of terracotta warriors as described in any one of claims 1-6 in repairing lacquer layers on the surface of terracotta warriors that are peeling, hollow, cracked, or curled.

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