Method for taking GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) real-time monitoring point as aerial photogrammetry image control point

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for taking a GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) real-time monitoring point as an aerial photogrammetry image control point. Comprising the following steps: S1, selecting a certain number of GNSS points as aerial survey image control points according to the design range and the flight height of an unmanned aerial vehicle survey area, the ground GNSS point layout positions and the basic requirements of the aerial survey image control points of the unmanned aerial vehicle; s2, designing a mark base; s3, making a mark; s4, fixing the manufactured mark above the GNSS antenna, and ensuring that GNSS signal receiving is not affected; and S5, taking the millimeter-level three-dimensional coordinates of the GNSS monitoring points as true values of image control points, and inputting the true values into an unmanned aerial vehicle photogrammetry resolving system to realize data fusion. According to the method, manual layout during aerial survey each time is avoided, manpower is saved, meanwhile, the plane coordinates and the elevation obtained by the differential GNSS can reach the mm level, and the photogrammetry precision of the mining subsidence unmanned aerial vehicle is greatly improved. A certain number of GNSS monitoring points are selected as image control points, the GNSS equipment is marked by special automobile paint, and the paint is sun-proof, bright and not easy to fade.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of monitoring mining subsidence and deformation, and in particular to a method for using real-time GNSS monitoring points as aerial photogrammetric control points. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, with the rapid development of UAV aerial photogrammetry, it has gradually replaced traditional manual surveying for monitoring mining subsidence and deformation. To ensure measurement accuracy, multiple image control points (APIs) need to be set up in the measurement area, and multiple teams of surveyors must use RTK (Real-Time Kinematics) to deploy APIs on the ground before aerial photography. This work is not only labor-intensive, but the accuracy of the APIs is also low, with horizontal and vertical accuracy only at the centimeter level. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the existing problems, this invention provides a method for using real-time GNSS monitoring points as image control points for aerial photogrammetry, the specific scheme of which is as follows:

[0004] A method for using real-time GNSS monitoring points as aerial photogrammetric control points includes the following steps:

[0005] S1. Based on the design range and flight altitude of the UAV survey area, as well as the location of ground GNSS points, and in accordance with the basic requirements of UAV aerial survey control points, select a certain number of GNSS points as aerial survey control points.

[0006] S2, Design the logo base;

[0007] S3, logo creation;

[0008] S4. Fix the completed mark above the GNSS antenna, ensuring that it does not affect GNSS signal reception;

[0009] S5 uses the millimeter-level three-dimensional coordinates of GNSS monitoring points as the ground truth of image control points, and inputs them into the UAV photogrammetry solution system to achieve data fusion.

[0010] Preferably, the marker base in step S2 is a smooth hard plastic base with a diameter of 213 mm and a height of 130 mm.

[0011] Preferably, the logo creation steps in step S3 are as follows:

[0012] S31, using a spherical mold to press a 2mm thick aluminum plate into a spherical surface;

[0013] S32, the aluminum plate is divided into 4 equal parts, and the diagonal areas are carved and hollowed out to form a spray painting template;

[0014] S33, after being sanded with fine sandpaper, is sprayed with sun-proof, high-gloss, and fade-resistant automotive paint to form a high-contrast logo.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0016] 1. This invention completely eliminates the need for manual deployment of image control points, greatly shortening the preparation time for aerial surveys and saving labor costs.

[0017] 2. The accuracy of image control points has been greatly improved, from centimeter level to millimeter level, significantly enhancing the sensitivity of subsidence deformation monitoring;

[0018] 3. This invention uses special automotive paint to ensure the markings' resistance to ultraviolet radiation and weathering in open-pit mines, resulting in strong durability;

[0019] 4. This invention achieves seamless collaboration between GNSS real-time monitoring and UAV aerial surveying, and constructs an integrated air-ground subsidence monitoring system. Attached Figure Description

[0020] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0021] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the method of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a GNSS image control identification diagram for the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0023] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0024] To effectively address the aforementioned issues, and in conjunction with real-time GNSS monitoring of mining subsidence, the GNSS monitoring antenna was redesigned and converted into an image control point (ADC) without affecting GNSS observations. This eliminates the need for RTK-based ADC deployment before UAV photography of mining subsidence and improves the accuracy of the ADCs, enabling them to achieve millimeter-level accuracy in both planar and elevation measurements. This invention significantly enhances the efficiency of UAV photogrammetry of mining subsidence and enables high-precision measurements.

[0025] like Figure 1 and Figure 2A method for using real-time GNSS monitoring points as aerial photogrammetric control points includes the following steps:

[0026] S1. Based on the design range and flight altitude of the UAV survey area, as well as the location of ground GNSS points, and in accordance with the basic requirements of UAV aerial survey control points, a certain number of GNSS points are selected as aerial survey control points.

[0027] S2, design the sign base; the sign base is a smooth hard plastic base with a diameter of 213mm and a height of 130mm.

[0028] S3, create the logo.

[0029] The steps for creating the logo are as follows:

[0030] S31, using a spherical mold to press a 2mm thick aluminum plate into a spherical surface;

[0031] S32, the aluminum plate is divided into 4 equal parts, and the diagonal areas are carved and hollowed out to form a spray painting template;

[0032] S33, after being sanded with fine sandpaper, is sprayed with sun-proof, high-gloss, and fade-resistant automotive paint to form a high-contrast logo.

[0033] S4. Secure the completed marker above the GNSS antenna, ensuring it does not interfere with GNSS signal reception.

[0034] S5 uses the millimeter-level three-dimensional coordinates of GNSS monitoring points as the ground truth of image control points, and inputs them into the UAV photogrammetry solution system to achieve data fusion.

[0035] This invention utilizes GNSS intelligent real-time monitoring points as image control points for UAV aerial surveys, avoiding manual deployment during each survey and saving manpower. Furthermore, the planar coordinates and elevations obtained from differential GNSS can reach the millimeter level, significantly improving the accuracy of UAV photogrammetry for mining subsidence areas. A certain number of GNSS monitoring points are selected as image control points, and the GNSS equipment is marked with identifiable markings using automotive-grade paint, which is sun-resistant, glossy, and resistant to fading.

[0036] Those skilled in the art will further appreciate that the various illustrative logic blocks, modules, circuits, and algorithm steps described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented as electronic hardware, computer software, or a combination of both. To clearly illustrate this interchangeability between hardware and software, the various illustrative components, blocks, modules, circuits, and steps are described above in a generalized manner in terms of their functionality. Whether such functionality is implemented as hardware or software depends on the specific application and the design constraints imposed on the overall system. Those skilled in the art may implement the described functionality in different ways for each specific application, but such implementation decisions should not be construed as departing from the scope of the invention.

[0037] The prior description of this disclosure is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use this disclosure. Various modifications to this disclosure will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be applied to other variations without departing from the spirit or scope of this disclosure. Therefore, this disclosure is not intended to be limited to the examples and designs described herein, but should be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

[0038] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for using GNSS real-time monitoring points as aerial photogrammetric control points, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Based on the design range and flight altitude of the UAV survey area, as well as the location of ground GNSS points, and in accordance with the basic requirements of UAV aerial survey control points, select a certain number of GNSS points as aerial survey control points. S2, Design the logo base; S3, logo creation; S4. Fix the completed mark above the GNSS antenna, ensuring that it does not affect GNSS signal reception; S5 uses the millimeter-level three-dimensional coordinates of GNSS monitoring points as the ground truth of image control points, and inputs them into the UAV photogrammetry solution system to achieve data fusion.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The marker base in step S2 is a smooth hard plastic base with a diameter of 213mm and a height of 130mm.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The steps for creating the logo in step S3 are as follows: S31, using a spherical mold to press a 2mm thick aluminum plate into a spherical surface; S32, the aluminum plate is divided into 4 equal parts, and the diagonal areas are carved and hollowed out to form a spray painting template; S33, after being sanded with fine sandpaper, is sprayed with sun-proof, high-gloss, and fade-resistant automotive paint to form a high-contrast logo.

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