Sensor

Abstract

The invention provides a sensor which comprises a shell and a pressure guiding part, the shell comprises an end matching part, the end matching part is located at one end of the shell, the pressure guiding part comprises a first end part and a second end part, the first end part is close to the shell relative to the second end part in the axial direction of the sensor, and the first end part is fixedly connected with the end matching part; the pressure guiding part comprises a liquid guiding opening, the sensor comprises a sealing part, the liquid guiding opening and the sealing part are arranged close to the second end relative to the first end in the axial direction of the sensor, the sealing part is located on the radial outer side of the liquid guiding opening in the radial direction of the sensor, and the fixed connecting position of the first end and the end matching part is defined as the end connecting position. In the axial direction of the sensor, at least part of the sealing part is located between the end connecting position and the liquid guiding opening. Through the mode, external stress borne by the pressure guiding part is reduced, and meanwhile the risk that a refrigerant leaks into the sensor is facilitated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of thermal management technology, and more particularly to a sensor. Background Technology

[0002] A sensor is a component that measures physical parameters, such as the temperature and pressure of refrigerant in a pipe.

[0003] In related technologies, the sensor includes a housing and a pressure-sensing part. The pressure-sensing part is equipped with a pressure-sensing core for detecting the pressure inside the aforementioned pipeline. During the sensor installation process, the sensor is affected by external forces. In related technologies, the pressure-sensing part and the housing are usually designed as separate structures. This increases the contact surface formed between the pressure-sensing part and the housing, which may cause refrigerant to leak into the sensor through this contact surface. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this application is to provide a sensor that reduces stress while mitigating the risk of refrigerant leakage into the sensor.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, one technical solution of this application is as follows: A sensor includes a housing and a pressure-inducing part. The housing includes an end fitting part located at one end of the housing. The pressure-inducing part includes a first end and a second end. Along the axial direction of the sensor, the first end is closer to the housing than the second end and is fixedly connected to the end fitting part. The pressure-inducing part includes a liquid inlet. The sensor includes a sealing part. Along the axial direction of the sensor, the liquid inlet and the sealing part are disposed closer to the second end than the first end. Along the radial direction of the sensor, the sealing part is located radially outside the liquid inlet. The fixed connection between the first end and the end fitting part is defined as the end connection point. Along the axial direction of the sensor, at least a portion of the sealing part is located between the end connection point and the liquid inlet.

[0006] In this application's technical solution, the first end is fixedly connected to the end fitting part, and the pressure-applying part and the outer shell are separate structural components. At least part of the sealing part is located between the end connection and the liquid inlet. When the refrigerant enters the liquid inlet chamber, the refrigerant is sealed on the radially inner side of the sealing part by the sealing part. The refrigerant will not enter the fixed connection between the connection part and the end fitting part, that is, the end connection, and the refrigerant will not enter the interior of the sensor through the end connection. This reduces the external stress on the pressure-applying part and helps to reduce the risk of refrigerant leakage into the sensor. Attached Figure Description

[0007] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the sensor in this application.

[0008] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of one embodiment along section AA.

[0009] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 A three-dimensional structural diagram of the pressure-reducing part in one direction.

[0010] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure along the BB section.

[0011] Figure 5 yes Figure 2 Enlarged structural diagram at point I.

[0012] Figure 6 yes Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the inner shell in one direction.

[0013] Figure 7 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of one embodiment along the A'-A' section.

[0014] Figure 8 yes Figure 7 A three-dimensional structural diagram of the pressure-reducing part in one direction.

[0015] Figure 9 yes Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the explosion structure of the central pressure section.

[0016] Figure 10 yes Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the CC section structure.

[0017] In the attached image:

[0018] 100. Sensor; 11. Housing; 111. Inner cavity; 1111. Positioning cavity; 1112. Mounting cavity; 1113. Mounting cavity; 112. Main body; 113. Limiting part; 115. End mating part;

[0019] 12. Circuit board assembly; 121. Connector terminal; 122. Circuit board;

[0020] 13. Detection unit; 131. Pressure detection unit; 1313. Pressure chip; 132. Temperature detection unit; 1321. Temperature sensing unit;

[0021] 14. Connector; 141. Conductive component; 1411. Abutment part; 1412. Injection molding part; 1413. External power supply connection part; 142. Limiting component; 1421. Stop part; 15. Sealing component;

[0022] 16. Sealing part; 17. Temperature sensing and protection part; 171. Temperature sensing inlet hole; 18. Pressure tapping part; 181. Liquid inlet chamber; 1811. Liquid inlet port; 182. Fixing part; 1821. Connecting part; 1821a. Positive connecting part; 1821b. Negative connecting part; 1822. Base; 1822a. Inner surface; 1822b. Guide part; 1822c. Body part; 1822d. Channel part; 1822e. Limiting part; 1822f. Protrusion; 1822r. Slot; 1822s. Upper sidewall; 1822t. Inner wall; 1822x. Lower sidewall;

[0023] 183. Insertion section; 1831. Second channel section; 1832. Main section; 1833. Stress isolation section; 184. First end; 185. Second end;

[0024] 19. Bottom; 191. First side; 192. Second side; 20. End connection. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific technical solutions:

[0026] The specific technical solutions of this application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. First, it should be noted that the directional terms such as up, down, left, right, front, back, inner side, outer side, top, and bottom mentioned or possibly mentioned in this specification are defined relative to the structures shown in the corresponding drawings. They are relative concepts and may therefore vary depending on their location and usage. Therefore, these or other directional terms should not be interpreted as restrictive terms.

[0027] The application of heat pump technology in new energy vehicles is becoming a trend. Therefore, it is essential to monitor the refrigerant pressure and temperature of the vehicle's thermal management system to accurately control the temperature of the battery and passenger compartment, thereby further reducing energy consumption and increasing driving range. The sensors in the following technical solutions are mainly used to collect the pressure and / or temperature of liquids or gases in the internal cavities or pipes of the thermal management system.

[0028] Please see Figures 1 to 10As shown, this application provides a sensor 100, including a circuit board assembly 12, a detection unit 13, and a housing 11. The housing 11 has an inner cavity 111. The circuit board assembly 12 and the detection unit 13 are located in the inner cavity 111. The detection unit 13 is electrically connected to the circuit board assembly 12. The detection unit 13 is used to collect the pressure and / or temperature of liquid or gas in the inner cavity 111 or pipeline in a thermal management system. As a specific embodiment, the sensor 100 includes a connector 14, which includes a conductive element 141 and a limiting element 142. The conductive element 141 and the limiting element 142 are injection molded and fixed. It can be understood that the limiting element 142 is injection molded with the conductive element 141 as an insert. Specifically, the conductive element 141 includes a contact portion 1411, an injection-molded portion 1412, and an external power connection portion 1413. One end of the injection-molded portion 1412 is connected to the contact portion 1411, and the other end of the injection-molded portion 1412 is connected to the external power connection portion 1413. The injection-molded portion 1412 is embedded in the limiting element 142. The circuit board assembly 12 includes a connector terminal that is electrically connected to the circuit board 122. The connector terminal abuts against the contact portion 1411 to achieve electrical connection between the connector terminal 121 and the contact portion 1411. The inner cavity 111 includes a positioning cavity 1111, a placement cavity 1112, and a mounting cavity 1113. One end of the placement cavity 1112 communicates with the positioning cavity 1111, and the other end of the placement cavity 1112 communicates with the mounting cavity 1113. The circuit board assembly 12 is located in the placement cavity 1112, and a portion of the connector 14 is located in the mounting cavity 1113. The outer shell 11 includes a main body 112 and a limiting portion 113. The limiting portion 113 is located at one end of the main body 112 and extends along the radial direction of the sensor 100 from the main body 112 into the inner cavity 111. The limiting member 142 includes a stop 1421, at least a portion of which is located in the mounting cavity along the axial direction of the sensor 100. The limiting portion 113 is located on one side of the stop 1421, and the circuit board assembly 12 is located on the other side of the stop 1421. To increase the sealing performance of the sensor 100, a sealing member 15 is provided between the stop 1421 and the circuit board assembly 12. In this embodiment, the detection unit 13 includes a temperature detection unit 132 and a pressure detection unit 131. The detection unit 13 is located in the inner cavity 111. The temperature detection unit 132 and the pressure detection unit 131 are electrically connected to the circuit board 122, respectively. Specifically, the temperature detection unit 132 includes a temperature sensing unit 1321, which is electrically connected to the circuit board 122.The pressure detection unit 131 includes a pressure chip 1313, and the sensor 100 includes a pressure-applying part 18, which includes a liquid-applying chamber 181. The wall of the liquid-applying chamber 181 includes a bottom 19. Along the axial direction of the sensor 100, one side of the bottom 19 is in contact with the gas or liquid to be detected, and the pressure chip 1313 is disposed on the other side of the bottom 19. Specifically, the bottom 19 includes a first surface 191 and a second surface 192. The first surface 191 is closer to the circuit board assembly 12 than the second surface 192, and the second surface 192 can contact the gas or liquid. The sensor 100 includes the pressure chip 1313, which is disposed on the first surface 191. The pressure chip 1313 is electrically connected to the circuit board 122 by a binding wire. Specifically, the pressure chip 1313 is electrically connected to the circuit board 122 by a metal binding wire, which includes, but is not limited to, gold wire, copper wire, or aluminum wire. It should be noted that sensor 100 has a height direction Z, the axial direction of sensor 100 is parallel to the height Z direction of sensor 100, the radial direction of sensor 100 is perpendicular to the axial direction of sensor 100, and the circumferential direction of sensor 100 is the direction of rotation along the axial direction of sensor 100.

[0029] Currently, the pressure-sensing part and the housing of the sensor are integrated into a single structure. The housing includes a threaded part for connection with an external pipe. During sensor installation, the housing is subjected to thread preload when the threaded part is connected to the pipe. This thread preload is transmitted to the pressure-sensing part, causing it to be affected by external forces. When sensing the pressure of gas or liquid, this can lead to inaccurate pressure detection by the pressure chip. Typically, the pressure-sensing part and the housing are designed as separate structures. This separate structure can reduce the impact of external preload on the pressure chip to some extent. However, it also increases the contact surface between the pressure-sensing part and the housing, creating a risk that the liquid or gas to be detected may leak into the sensor through this contact surface. Since the sensor 100 contains a circuit board assembly 12, leakage of the liquid or gas to be detected into the sensor may affect the lifespan of the circuit board assembly 12.

[0030] As one implementation method, please refer to Figures 1 to 10As shown, a sensor 100 includes a housing 11 and a pressure-applying part 18. The housing 11 includes an end fitting part 115 located at one end of the housing 11. The pressure-applying part 18 includes a first end 184 and a second end 185. Along the axial direction of the sensor 100, the first end 184 is closer to the housing 11 than the second end 185. The first end 184 is fixedly connected to the end fitting part 115. The pressure-applying part 18 includes a liquid inlet 1811. The sensor 100 includes a sealing part 16. Along the axial direction of the sensor 100, the liquid inlet 1811 and the sealing part 16 are disposed closer to the second end 185 than the first end 184. Along the radial direction of the sensor 100, the sealing part 16 is located radially outside the liquid inlet 1811. The fixed connection point between the first end 184 and the end fitting part 115 is defined as the end connection point 20. Along the axial direction of the sensor 100, at least a portion of the sealing part 16 is located between the end connection point 20 and the liquid inlet 1811. In this way, the first end is fixedly connected to the end fitting part, and the pressure-applying part and the outer shell are separate structural components. At least part of the sealing part is located between the end connection and the liquid inlet. When the refrigerant enters the liquid inlet chamber, the refrigerant is sealed on the radial inner side of the sealing part by the sealing part. The refrigerant will not enter the fixed connection between the connection part and the end fitting part, that is, the end connection. The refrigerant will also not enter the interior of the sensor through the end connection. This reduces the external stress on the pressure-applying part and reduces the risk of refrigerant leakage into the sensor.

[0031] As a specific implementation method, please refer to Figures 1 to 10As shown, the outer shell 11 includes an inner cavity 111, which extends from the end fitting portion 115 away from the end fitting portion 115. The pressure-guiding portion 18 includes a fixing portion 182 and an extension portion 183. The fixing portion 182 includes a connecting portion 1821 and a base portion 1822. Along the radial direction of the sensor 100, the connecting portion 1821 is disposed radially outside the base portion 1822. The connecting portion 1821 includes a positive connecting portion 1821a and a negative connecting portion 1821b. Along the axial direction of the sensor 100, the positive connecting portion 1821a is closer to the outer shell 11 than the negative connecting portion 1821b. A first end portion 184 is formed in the positive connecting portion 1821a, and a second end portion 185 is formed in the negative connecting portion 1821b. The liquid-guiding cavity 181 penetrates the base portion 1822 and extends to the extension portion 183. Specifically, the positive connection portion 1821a is fixedly connected to the end mating portion 115; more specifically, the positive connection portion 1821a and the end mating portion 115 are welded and fixed; even more specifically, the positive connection portion 1821a and the end mating portion 115 are laser welded and fixed. The base portion 1822 includes an inner surface 1822a, and the extension portion 183 extends from the inner surface 1822a in a direction away from the inner surface 1822a in the inner cavity 111. The sensor 100 includes a sealing portion 16, which is disposed relative to the positive connection portion 1821a and close to the negative connection portion 1821b along the axial direction of the sensor 100. The pressure-guiding portion 18 includes a liquid-guiding cavity that penetrates the base portion 1822 and extends to the extension portion 183. In this way, the connection point 1821 and the end fitting part 115, that is, the end connection 20, is located on the upper part of the sealing part 16. When the refrigerant enters the liquid inlet chamber 181, the refrigerant is sealed in the radially inner side of the sealing part 16 by the sealing part 16. The refrigerant will not enter the fixed connection point between the connection point 1821 and the end fitting part 115, that is, the end connection 20. Thus, even if the connection point 1821 and the end fitting part 115 are not sealed by welding, the refrigerant will not enter the interior of the sensor 100 through the connection point between the connection point 1821 and the end fitting part 115. This reduces the external stress on the pressure inlet part 18 and helps to reduce the risk of refrigerant leakage into the sensor 100.

[0032] As one implementation method, please refer to Figures 1 to 10As shown, the base 1822 includes a guide portion 1822b and a body portion 1822c. The guide portion 1822b extends from the body portion 1822c toward the inner cavity 111. The guide portion 1822b includes a root portion 1822g and an end portion 1822h. Along the axial direction of the sensor 100, from the root portion 1822g to the end portion 1822h, the diameter of the guide portion 1822b gradually decreases. The root portion 1822g is at least partially in contact with the wall portion corresponding to the inner cavity 111. In this way, when the pressure-applying part 18 is assembled with the outer shell 11, the guide part 1822b has a guiding effect during its entry into the inner cavity 111, which is beneficial to the installation of the pressure-applying part 18. At the same time, the guide part 1822b only partially contacts the outer shell 11, which helps to reduce the contact area between the guide part 1822b and the outer shell 11. This helps to reduce the impact of external forces on the outer shell 11 on the pressure-applying part 18 and improve the detection accuracy of the pressure detection part 131. Specifically, along the axial direction of the sensor 100, the root part 1822g is close to the body part 1822c relative to the end part 1822h. The root part 1822g is connected to the body part 1822c, and the end part 1822h is a free end. The root part 1822g is fitted and installed with the wall part corresponding to the mounting cavity 111. It should be noted that the fitting installation here includes clearance fit, interference fit, or transition fit. Along the axial direction of the sensor, the length of the guide portion 1822b should not be too long. As a specific embodiment, the dimension of the guide portion 1822b along the axial direction of the sensor is 2±0.5mm. This facilitates the installation of the pressure-applying portion 18, while also reducing the space occupied by the guide portion in the inner cavity, leaving some space for other components, which is beneficial for the arrangement of other components of the sensor.

[0033] For a specific implementation method, please refer to Figures 1 to 10 As shown, the extension portion 183 protrudes from the end 1822h of the guide portion 1822b in a direction away from the end 1822h. The inner cavity 111 where the guide portion 1822b is located is defined as the positioning cavity 1111, and the inner cavity 111 excluding the positioning cavity 1111 is defined as the placement cavity 1112. Specifically, the extension portion 183 is located in the placement cavity 1112, and there is a distance between the outer periphery of the extension portion 183 and the wall corresponding to the placement cavity 1112 along the radial direction of the sensor 100. In this way, the extension portion 183 has a certain preset distance from the wall corresponding to the outer shell 11, thereby further reducing the influence of external forces on the pressure-applying part 18 of the outer shell 11, increasing the transmission path of external forces, and further improving the detection accuracy of the pressure detection part 131. As a specific implementation, the outer periphery of the extension portion 183 is a cylindrical structural surface, which facilitates the processing and manufacturing of the extension portion.

[0034] To further reduce the impact of external forces on the pressure chip, please refer to... Figures 1 to 10 As shown, the extension portion 183 includes a main portion 1832 and a stress isolation portion 1833. The stress isolation portion 1833 is disposed radially outside the main portion 1832 and near the bottom 19. The stress isolation portion 1833 includes a first connecting surface 1833a and a second connecting surface 1833b. The first surface 191 is on the same side as the first connecting surface 1833a, and the second connecting surface 1833b is axially away from the first connecting surface 1833a. The pressure chip 1313 is disposed on the first surface 191. In this way, it is beneficial to improve the structural strength of the bottom and further reduce the impact of external forces on the bottom, thereby improving the detection accuracy of the pressure chip.

[0035] To reduce leakage in the pressure-receiving section 18, please refer to the following as one implementation method. Figures 1 to 6 As shown, the extension portion 183 and the base portion 1822 are integral structural components. The extension portion 183 includes a second channel portion 1831, and the base portion 1822 includes a first channel portion 1822d. The first channel portion 1822d is connected to the second channel portion 1831, and the connection between the first channel portion 1822d and the second channel portion 1831 forms a liquid-guiding cavity. By reducing the design of the separation surface of the pressure-guiding portion 18, it is beneficial to reduce the leakage of the pressure-guiding portion 18 into the placement cavity 1112.

[0036] For ease of manufacturing and processing, please refer to the following as one implementation method. Figure 1 , Figures 7 to 10 As shown, the end portion 1822h protrudes, and the base portion 1822 includes a channel portion 1822d. Along the axial direction of the sensor 100, the channel portion 1822d penetrates the body portion 1822c, the guide portion 1822b, and the limiting portion 1822e. The extension portion 183 includes a channel portion 1831, and the limiting portion 1822e is located in the channel portion 1831. The outer peripheral wall of the limiting portion 1822e is in a limiting fit with the corresponding wall portion of the channel portion 1831. The channel portion 1822d and part of the channel portion 1831 form a liquid-guiding cavity 1311a. This arrangement facilitates the manufacturing and processing of the pressure-guiding portion 18.

[0037] As one implementation method, please refer to Figures 1 to 10As shown, the base 1822 includes a protrusion 1822f, which protrudes from the body portion 1822c in a direction away from the body portion 1822c. The base 1822 includes a groove 1822r, and the wall portion corresponding to the groove 1822r includes an upper side wall 1822s, an inner wall 1822t, and a lower side wall 1822x. The upper side wall 1822s is located in the body portion 1822c, and the inner wall 1822t and lower side wall 1822x are located in the protrusion 1822f. The sealing portion 16 is engaged with the groove 1822r. This arrangement helps to improve the connection strength between the sealing portion 16 and the pressure-applying portion 18. As a specific embodiment, the sealing portion 16 is a disc-type snap ring structure.

[0038] As a specific implementation method, please refer to Figures 1 to 10 As shown, the protrusion 1822f includes a channel portion 1822p, which extends through the protrusion 1822f axially. The channel portion 1822p communicates with a channel portion 1822d and a channel portion 1831. The wall portion corresponding to the liquid guiding cavity includes at least the wall portion corresponding to the channel portion 1822d, the wall portion corresponding to the channel portion 1831, and at least a portion of the wall portion corresponding to the channel portion 1822p. The protrusion 1822f can extend into the interior of the pipe, which facilitates the guidance of gas or liquid to the liquid guiding cavity 1311a.

[0039] As a specific implementation method, please refer to Figures 1 to 10 As shown, to reduce the influence of external liquid or gas pressure on the temperature sensing part 1321, the sensor 100 includes a temperature sensing protection part 17. The temperature sensing protection part 17 protrudes from the protrusion 1822f in a direction away from the protrusion 1822f. The base 1822 includes a temperature sensing inlet hole 171, which extends along the axial direction of the sensor 100 from the end 1822h towards the protrusion 1822f and extends to the temperature sensing protection part 17. The sensor 100 includes the temperature sensing part 1321, and at least the temperature sensing element of the temperature sensing part 1321 is located within the temperature sensing protection part 17. This helps to reduce the influence of gas or liquid in the pipeline on the temperature detection part 132 and improves the lifespan of the temperature detection part 132.

[0040] As a specific implementation method, please refer to Figures 1 to 10 As shown, the wall portion corresponding to the liquid inlet chamber 1311a includes a bottom 19, the sensor 100 includes a circuit board assembly 12, the bottom 19 includes a first surface 191 and a second surface 192, the first surface 191 is closer to the circuit board assembly 1 than the second surface 192, the second surface 192 can contact gas or liquid, the sensor 100 includes a pressure chip 1313, the pressure chip 1313 is disposed on the first surface 191.

[0041] The above-described technical solutions merely illustrate several embodiments of the present invention, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention patent. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and controls without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these all fall within the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of this invention patent should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A sensor (100), characterized in that... The sensor (100) includes a housing (11) and a pressure-applying part (18). The housing (11) includes an end fitting part (115) located at one end of the housing (11). The pressure-applying part (18) includes a first end (184) and a second end (185). Along the axial direction of the sensor (100), the first end (184) is closer to the housing (11) than the second end (185). The first end (184) is fixedly connected to the end fitting part (115). The pressure-applying part (18) includes a liquid inlet (1811). The sensor (100) includes a dense... The sealing part (16) is located along the axial direction of the sensor (100), with the liquid inlet (1811) and the sealing part (16) positioned relative to the first end (184) and close to the second end (185). Along the radial direction of the sensor (100), the sealing part (16) is located radially outside the liquid inlet (1811). The fixed connection point between the first end (184) and the end fitting part (115) is defined as the end connection point (20). Along the axial direction of the sensor (100), at least a portion of the sealing part (16) is located between the end connection point (20) and the liquid inlet (1811).

2. The sensor (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that... The outer casing (11) includes an inner cavity (111) extending from the end fitting portion (115) away from the end fitting portion (115). The pressure-applying portion (18) includes a fixing portion (182) and an insertion portion (183). The fixing portion (182) includes a connecting portion (1821) and a base portion (1822). Along the radial direction of the sensor (100), the connecting portion (1821) is disposed radially outside the base portion (1822). The sensor (100) includes a positive connection portion (1821a) and a negative connection portion (1821b). Along the axial direction of the sensor (100), the positive connection portion (1821a) is close to the housing (11) relative to the negative connection portion (1821b). A first end portion (184) is formed in the positive connection portion (1821a), and a second end portion (185) is formed in the negative connection portion (1821b). The liquid guiding cavity (181) penetrates the base portion (1822) and extends to the insertion portion (183).

3. The sensor (100) according to claim 2, characterized in that: The base (1822) includes a protrusion (1822f) and a body (1822c). The protrusion (1822f) and the body (1822c) protrude in a direction away from the body (1822c). Along the axial direction of the sensor (100), the protrusion (1822f) is closer to the anti-connection (1821b) than the positive connection (1821a). The base (1822) includes... The device includes a slot (1822r), and the wall portion corresponding to the slot (1822r) includes an upper side wall (1822s), an inner wall (1822t), and a lower side wall (1822x). The upper side wall (1822s) is located in the body portion (1822c), and the inner wall (1822t) and the lower side wall (1822x) are located in the protrusion (1822f). The sealing portion (16) is engaged with the slot (1822r).

4. The sensor (100) according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that, The base (1822) includes a guide portion (1822b) and a body portion (1822c). The guide portion (1822b) extends from the body portion (1822c) toward the inner cavity (111). The guide portion (1822b) includes a root portion (1822g) and an end portion (1822h). Along the axial direction of the sensor (100), from the root portion (1822g) to the end portion (1822h), the diameter of the guide portion (1822b) gradually decreases. The root portion (1822g) is at least partially in contact with the wall portion corresponding to the inner cavity (111).

5. The sensor (100) according to claim 4, characterized in that, The extension portion (183) protrudes from the end of the guide portion (1822b) in a direction away from the end (1822h). The portion of the inner cavity (111) where the guide portion (1822b) is located is defined as the positioning cavity (1111), and the portion of the inner cavity other than the positioning cavity (1111) is defined as the placement cavity (1112). The outer periphery of the extension portion (183) and the wall portion corresponding to the placement cavity (1112) are spaced apart along the radial direction of the sensor (100).

6. The sensor (100) according to any one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that, The extension portion (183) and the base portion (1822) are an integral structural component. The extension portion (183) includes a second channel portion (1831), and the base portion (1822) includes a first channel portion (1822d). The first channel portion (1822d) is connected to the second channel portion (1831). After the first channel portion (1822d) and the second channel portion (1831) are connected, the liquid inlet cavity (181) is formed. The liquid outlet (1811) is formed in the base portion (1822).

7. The sensor (100) according to any one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that, The extension portion (183) and the base portion (1822) are separate structural components.

8. The sensor (100) according to claim 7, characterized in that, The base (1822) includes a limiting part (1822e), which protrudes from the end (1822h) away from the end (1822h). The base (1822) includes a channel part (1822d) along the axial direction of the sensor (100). The channel part (1822d) passes through the body part (1822c), the guide part (1822b), and the limiting part (1822e). The extension part (183) includes a channel part (1831). The limiting part (1822e) is located in the channel part (1831). The outer peripheral wall of the limiting part (1822e) is limited and engaged with the corresponding wall of the channel part (1831). The channel part (1822d) and part of the channel part (1831) form the liquid guiding cavity (181).

9. The sensor (100) according to claim 6 or 8, characterized in that, The protrusion (1822f) includes a three-part channel (1822p), which extends through the protrusion (1822f) along the axial direction. The three-part channel (1822p) communicates with the first part of the channel (1822d) and the second part of the channel (1831). The wall corresponding to the liquid-guiding cavity (181) includes at least the wall corresponding to the first part of the channel (1822d), the wall corresponding to the second part of the channel (1831), and at least a portion of the wall corresponding to the third part of the channel (1822p).

10. The sensor (100) according to any one of claims 3 to 9, characterized in that, The sensor (100) includes a temperature-sensing protection part (17), which protrudes from the protrusion (1822f) in a direction away from the protrusion (1822f). The base (1822) includes a temperature-sensing inlet hole (171), which extends along the axial direction of the sensor (100) from the end (1822h) toward the protrusion (1822f) and extends to the temperature-sensing protection part (17). The sensor (100) includes a temperature detection part (132), at least the temperature detection part (132) is located inside the temperature-sensing protection part (17).

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