Establishment method of simulation model based on hot-line work of transformer substation

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for establishing a simulation model based on hot-line work of a transformer substation, and relates to the technical field of transformer substation simulation, and the method comprises the steps: building a transformer substation equipment, human body and environment simulation sub-model through collecting basic parameters such as equipment arrangement, structure, operation scene, environment, human body posture, gap discharge test and human body surface field intensity actual measurement; calculating a safety gap value in combination with gap discharge test parameters and environmental parameters, coupling the three sub-models to form an initial simulation model, and calculating initial field intensity distribution; and calibrating the initial model by using human body surface field intensity actual measurement parameters to obtain a field intensity calibration model, then adjusting the calibration model based on a safety gap value, and finally forming a transformer substation live-line work simulation model. According to the method, the accuracy of field intensity distribution and safety gap analysis can be improved, and a reliable simulation basis is provided for hot-line work safety.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of substation simulation technology, and in particular to a method for establishing a simulation model based on live-line work in a substation. Background Technology

[0002] Live-line work at substations is a crucial means of ensuring the safe and stable operation of the power grid. However, due to the compact structure of substation equipment and the complex electromagnetic environment, numerous safety risks exist during the operation. Currently, research on live-line work at substations in China is relatively lagging, lacking comprehensive simulation models to model the work scenarios. This results in inaccurate analysis of the electric field distribution characteristics and safety clearance distances at different parts of the worker's body. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the technical problem that existing technologies are not accurate enough in analyzing the electric field distribution characteristics and safety clearance distances of different parts of the operator's body, this invention provides a method for establishing a simulation model based on live-line work in substations.

[0004] The technical solution adopted in this invention is: a method for establishing a simulation model based on live-line working in substations, comprising the following steps:

[0005] Step 1: Collect basic parameters for live-line work in the substation. These parameters include equipment layout parameters, equipment structural parameters, specific work scenario parameters, work environment parameters, human work posture parameters, gap discharge test parameters, and measured parameters of the field strength on the human body surface.

[0006] Step 2: Based on the equipment layout parameters and equipment structure parameters, construct a substation equipment simulation sub-model, wherein the equipment simulation sub-model includes the structural features and electrical properties of busbars, insulators, disconnecting switches and insulation support components;

[0007] Step 3: Based on the human body posture parameters and specific work scenario parameters, construct a human body simulation sub-model, wherein the human body simulation sub-model simulates the limb shape and electrical characteristics of the worker during live-line work;

[0008] Step 4: Based on the aforementioned work environment parameters, construct an environmental simulation sub-model, wherein the environmental simulation sub-model includes altitude, atmospheric parameters, and spatial layout features;

[0009] Step 5: Calculate the safe clearance value for live-line work in the substation based on the gap discharge test parameters and the working environment parameters;

[0010] Step 6: Couple the equipment simulation sub-model, human simulation sub-model and environmental simulation sub-model to form the initial simulation model for live-line work in the substation, and calculate the field strength distribution through the initial simulation model to obtain the initial field strength distribution result;

[0011] Step 7: Using the measured field strength parameters of the human body surface, calibrate the initial field strength distribution results obtained in Step 6, adjust the parameters of the initial simulation model for live-line work in the substation, and obtain the field strength calibration model.

[0012] Step 8: Based on the safety gap value, adjust the safety distance parameters of the obtained field strength calibration model to form a substation live-line working simulation model.

[0013] Preferably, step 2 includes the following sub-steps:

[0014] Sub-step 2.1: Extract the physical dimensions and connection relationships of busbars, insulators, disconnectors, and insulation support components from the equipment structural parameters to form the basic data of structural features;

[0015] Sub-step 2.2: Based on the voltage level and operating characteristics of the equipment, assign corresponding potential parameters and insulation strength parameters to each piece of equipment to determine its electrical properties;

[0016] Sub-step 2.3: Extract the air gap data between each piece of equipment from the equipment structure parameters, including the gap dimensions between phases and ground, and between phases;

[0017] Sub-step 2.4: Based on the electrical properties and structural characteristics of the equipment, conduct electric field distribution simulation to identify areas of concentrated electric field strength where the electric field intensity is higher than that of the surrounding area;

[0018] Sub-step 2.5: Perform correlation analysis between the air gap data and the electric field concentration area to determine the location of discharge risk;

[0019] Sub-step 2.6: Combining the spatial relationships in the equipment layout parameters, integrate the structural features, electrical attributes, and locations of discharge risks to form a substation equipment simulation sub-model.

[0020] Preferably, step 3 includes the following sub-steps:

[0021] Sub-step 3.1: Analyze the human body's work posture parameters, extract the movement trajectory of the limbs and the morphological features of key postures during the work process, and generate a limb posture feature dataset;

[0022] Sub-step 3.2: Based on the electromagnetic properties of human tissue and the protective performance of shielding suits, and combined with the limb posture feature dataset, set the dielectric parameters and potential conduction characteristics of the human body simulation sub-model, and construct the human body electrical characteristic model;

[0023] Sub-step 3.3: Referring to the operating range in the specific work scenario parameters, spatially associate the human electrical characteristic model with the work position to form a human simulation sub-model that matches the actual work process.

[0024] Preferably, step 4 includes the following sub-steps:

[0025] Sub-step 4.1: Perform hierarchical processing on the altitude data in the working environment parameters and establish an atmospheric insulation characteristic correlation model corresponding to different altitudes;

[0026] Sub-step 4.2: Based on monitoring data of temperature, humidity and air pressure, construct a feature model that reflects the dynamic changes of environmental parameters;

[0027] Sub-step 4.3: Combine the spatial coordinates in the equipment layout parameters with the altitude, atmospheric parameters and the relative position of the equipment to form an environmental simulation sub-model.

[0028] Preferably, step 5 includes the following sub-steps:

[0029] Sub-step 5.1: Based on the gap discharge test parameters, generate the operational impulse discharge characteristic curves for different gap structures;

[0030] Sub-step 5.2: Combine the altitude and atmospheric parameters in the environmental simulation sub-model to correct the discharge characteristic curve for air density and humidity;

[0031] Sub-step 5.3: Based on the corrected curve and the preset safety threshold, calculate the phase-to-ground safety gap value and phase-to-phase safety gap value for the specific work scenario.

[0032] Preferably, step 6 includes the following sub-steps:

[0033] Sub-step 6.1: Match the equipment simulation sub-model with the environment simulation sub-model according to spatial coordinates to ensure that the equipment parameters correspond to the environmental conditions;

[0034] Sub-step 6.2: Place the human body simulation sub-model in a preset position in the specific work scenario, establish the interaction relationship between equipment, human body and environment, and form the initial simulation model of live-line work in substation;

[0035] Sub-step 6.3: Based on the electromagnetic parameters and spatial layout in the initial simulation model of live-line work in the substation, calculate the electric field intensity distribution within the work area to obtain the initial field intensity distribution results.

[0036] Preferably, step 7 includes the following sub-steps:

[0037] Sub-step 7.1: Compare the measured field strength parameters of the human body surface with the initial field strength distribution results point by point, calculate the deviation value of each point, and identify the areas where the deviation value exceeds the preset deviation threshold.

[0038] Sub-step 7.2: For areas where the deviation value exceeds the preset deviation threshold, adjust the potential distribution of the equipment simulation sub-model and the electromagnetic parameters of the human body simulation sub-model;

[0039] Sub-step 7.3: Recalculate the field strength distribution and verify whether the deviation value of each point meets the preset deviation threshold requirement until the deviation value of all points does not exceed the preset deviation threshold, and obtain the field strength calibration model.

[0040] Preferably, step 8 includes the following sub-steps:

[0041] Sub-step 8.1: Extract the phase-to-ground gap parameter and phase-to-phase gap parameter from the field strength calibration model, and compare them with the phase-to-ground safety gap value and the phase-to-phase safety gap value respectively to obtain the comparison results. The comparison results include the difference between the phase-to-ground gap parameter and the phase-to-ground safety gap value, and the difference between the phase-to-phase gap parameter and the phase-to-phase safety gap value.

[0042] Sub-step 8.2: Based on the comparison results, when the difference between the phase-to-ground gap parameter and the difference between the phase-to-phase gap parameter are negative, adjust the relative spatial position of the human simulation sub-model and the equipment simulation sub-model so that the phase-to-ground gap parameter and the phase-to-phase gap parameter are increased to not less than the corresponding safe gap value, thus completing the gap parameter optimization.

[0043] Sub-step 8.3: Calculate the field strength on the human body surface in the optimized field strength calibration model, and verify whether the field strength on the human body surface does not exceed the preset field strength threshold, and whether the phase-to-ground gap parameter and the phase-to-phase gap parameter are not less than the corresponding safety gap value; if all are satisfied, the optimized field strength calibration model is determined as the substation live-line operation simulation model.

[0044] The beneficial effects of the present invention are at least one of the following:

[0045] By collecting basic parameters of live-line work in substations and combining them with equipment, human personnel, and the environment to construct corresponding simulation sub-models, the actual scenarios of live-line work in substations can be more comprehensively reflected.

[0046] Using measured field strength parameters on the human body surface to calibrate the initial field strength distribution results helps improve the accuracy of field strength distribution analysis for different parts of the worker's body.

[0047] Adjusting the safety distance parameters of the field strength calibration model based on the safety gap value can make the simulation model more closely match the actual operation requirements, which is conducive to more accurate analysis of the safety gap distance. Attached Figure Description

[0048] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the method flow according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0049] The embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0050] like Figure 1 As shown in the figure, this embodiment provides a method for establishing a simulation model based on live-line working in a substation, including the following steps:

[0051] Step 1: Collect basic parameters for live-line work in the substation. These parameters include equipment layout parameters, equipment structural parameters, specific work scenario parameters, work environment parameters, human work posture parameters, gap discharge test parameters, and measured parameters of the field strength on the human body surface.

[0052] It should be noted that the basic parameters for live-line work in substations are various original data required for conducting simulation modeling of live-line work in substations. These include equipment layout parameters, equipment structural parameters, specific work scenario parameters, work environment parameters, human work posture parameters, gap discharge test parameters, and measured parameters of the field strength on the human body surface.

[0053] The equipment layout parameters include the spatial location and installation method of the equipment; the equipment structural parameters include the geometric dimensions, materials, and component connection relationships of the equipment; the specific operation scenario parameters include the operation type, the object being operated on, and the scope of the operation area; the operation environment parameters include altitude, temperature, humidity, and air pressure; the human operation posture parameters include the limb movement trajectory, joint angles, and operating position of the operator; the gap discharge test parameters include test data such as discharge voltage and discharge times under different gap structures; and the measured parameters of the electric field strength on the human body surface are the measured values ​​of the electric field strength at different parts of the operator's body surface.

[0054] In the specific implementation process, three-dimensional laser scanning technology can be used to obtain the spatial coordinates and geometric dimensions of the equipment, forming equipment layout parameters and structural parameters; through operation video analysis and motion capture equipment, the limb movement characteristics of the operators can be extracted to generate human operation posture parameters; environmental monitoring sensors can be used to record data such as altitude, temperature, humidity, and air pressure at the operation site to form operation environment parameters; discharge tests at different gap distances can be carried out in the laboratory to record data such as discharge voltage, forming gap discharge test parameters; and field strength meters can be used to measure the field strength values ​​of key points on the human body surface in simulated operation scenarios to form measured parameters of human body surface field strength.

[0055] Step 2: Based on the equipment layout parameters and equipment structure parameters, construct a substation equipment simulation sub-model, wherein the equipment simulation sub-model includes the structural features and electrical properties of busbars, insulators, disconnecting switches and insulation support components.

[0056] In one possible implementation, step 2 includes the following sub-steps:

[0057] Sub-step 2.1: Extract the physical dimensions and connection relationships of busbars, insulators, disconnectors and insulating support components from the equipment structural parameters to form the basic data of structural features.

[0058] Sub-step 2.2: Based on the voltage level and operating characteristics of the equipment, assign corresponding potential parameters and insulation strength parameters to each piece of equipment to determine its electrical properties.

[0059] Sub-step 2.3: Extract the air gap data between each piece of equipment from the equipment structure parameters, including the gap dimensions between phases and ground, and between phases.

[0060] Sub-step 2.4: Based on the electrical properties and structural characteristics of the equipment, conduct electric field distribution simulation to identify areas where the electric field intensity is higher than that of the surrounding area.

[0061] Sub-step 2.5: Perform correlation analysis between the air gap data and the electric field concentration area to determine the location of discharge risk.

[0062] Sub-step 2.6: Combining the spatial relationships in the equipment layout parameters, integrate the structural features, electrical attributes, and locations of discharge risks to form a substation equipment simulation sub-model.

[0063] It should be noted that the substation equipment simulation sub-model is a digital model used to simulate the structural form and electrical characteristics of key equipment within the substation. Key equipment includes busbars, insulators, disconnect switches, and insulating support components. Structural characteristics refer to the equipment's geometry, dimensions, and connection relationships; electrical attributes refer to electrical parameters such as the equipment's potential level and insulation strength. Discharge risk locations are areas where the air gaps between equipment are small and the electric field strength is high, making discharge phenomena prone to occur.

[0064] In the specific implementation process, the length and cross-sectional shape of the busbar, the number of insulator skirts, and the diameter of the equipotential ring are extracted from the equipment structural parameters to form basic structural feature data. Based on the equipment's rated voltage, corresponding potential parameters are assigned to conductive components such as the busbar and disconnector, and corresponding insulation strength parameters are assigned to insulating components such as insulators. The distances between the busbar and ground, and between different phase busbars, are calculated to extract air gap data. Using finite element simulation software, based on the equipment's structural features and electrical properties, the electric field distribution around the equipment is calculated using Maxwell's equations to identify areas of concentrated electric field. The electric field strength is calculated using the formula: E = −∇φ (where E is the electric field strength, φ is the potential function, and ∇ is the gradient operator). The air gap data is superimposed with the concentrated electric field areas to determine the location of discharge risks. Finally, combined with the spatial coordinates in the equipment layout parameters, the structural features, electrical properties, and discharge risk locations are integrated into a complete equipment simulation sub-model.

[0065] Step 3: Based on the human body posture parameters and specific work scenario parameters, construct a human body simulation sub-model, wherein the human body simulation sub-model simulates the limb shape and electrical characteristics of the worker during live-line work.

[0066] In one possible implementation, step 3 includes the following sub-steps:

[0067] Sub-step 3.1: Analyze the human body's work posture parameters, extract the movement trajectory of the limbs and the morphological features of key postures during the work process, and generate a limb posture feature dataset;

[0068] Sub-step 3.2: Based on the electromagnetic properties of human tissue and the protective performance of shielding suits, and combined with the limb posture feature dataset, set the dielectric parameters and potential conduction characteristics of the human body simulation sub-model, and construct the human body electrical characteristic model;

[0069] Sub-step 3.3: Referring to the operating range in the specific work scenario parameters, spatially associate the human electrical characteristic model with the work position to form a human simulation sub-model that matches the actual work process.

[0070] It should be noted that the human body simulation sub-model is a digital model used to simulate the limb morphology and electrical characteristics of workers. Limb morphology refers to limb posture and movement trajectory during the work process; electrical characteristics refer to the response characteristics of human tissue and the shielding suit worn to an electric field, such as dielectric constant and potential conduction capability. The limb posture feature dataset is a collection of data recording the limb movement trajectory, joint angle changes, and other characteristics of workers. The human body electrical characteristic model is a model describing the electrical response of the human body and shielding suit in an electric field, including dielectric parameters and potential conduction characteristics.

[0071] In the specific implementation process, the human working posture parameters are analyzed to extract key posture features such as arm flexion and extension angles and body tilt, generating a limb posture feature dataset. Referring to the electromagnetic properties data of human tissues (muscles, bones, etc.) and the metal fiber content of the shielding suit, the dielectric constant ε and surface conductivity σ parameters of the human simulation sub-model are set, where the dielectric constant satisfies the formula ε = ε₀ε₀. r (ε0 is the vacuum permittivity, ε r (Relative permittivity) is used to construct a human electrical characteristic model; based on the operating range in the specific work scenario parameters (such as the operating radius of the disconnector switch), the human electrical characteristic model is spatially matched with the work position so that the limb shape of the model is consistent with the work action path, forming a human simulation sub-model.

[0072] For example, in the scenario of an operator operating a disconnect switch, the movement trajectory of the operator's arm from its natural downward position to its raised position on the operating handle is analyzed to generate a posture dataset; based on the dielectric constant of human tissue and the shielding effectiveness of the shielding suit, the electrical parameters of the model are set; the model is placed in the operating position of the disconnect switch to form a human simulation sub-model that matches the scenario.

[0073] Step 4: Based on the operating environment parameters, construct an environmental simulation sub-model, wherein the environmental simulation sub-model includes altitude, atmospheric parameters, and spatial layout features.

[0074] In one possible implementation, step 4 includes the following sub-steps:

[0075] Sub-step 4.1: Perform hierarchical processing on the altitude data in the working environment parameters and establish an atmospheric insulation characteristic correlation model corresponding to different altitudes;

[0076] Sub-step 4.2: Based on monitoring data of temperature, humidity and air pressure, construct a feature model that reflects the dynamic changes of environmental parameters;

[0077] Sub-step 4.3: Combine the spatial coordinates in the equipment layout parameters with the altitude, atmospheric parameters and the relative position of the equipment to form an environmental simulation sub-model.

[0078] It should be noted that the environmental simulation sub-model is a digital model used to simulate the environmental characteristics of the work site, including altitude, atmospheric parameters (temperature, humidity, air pressure), and spatial layout characteristics (the relative positional relationship between equipment and the environment). The atmospheric insulation characteristic correlation model is a model describing the relationship between different altitudes and air insulation capabilities (such as breakdown field strength).

[0079] In the specific implementation process, the altitude data in the working environment parameters are classified into altitude ranges (such as 0-1000m, 1000-2000m, etc.). The relationship between air density and insulation strength at different altitudes is fitted by experimental data. The air density is calculated using the formula: ρ=p / (R d T) (ρ is air density, p is air pressure, R) d (where T is the dry air gas constant and T is the thermodynamic temperature) to establish an atmospheric insulation characteristic correlation model; based on the monitoring data of temperature, humidity and air pressure, a characteristic model reflecting their dynamic changes is constructed using time series analysis; the altitude and atmospheric parameter models are correlated with the spatial coordinates in the equipment layout parameters to clarify the location of the equipment in the environment and form an environmental simulation sub-model.

[0080] Step 5: Calculate the safe gap value for live-line work in the substation based on the gap discharge test parameters and the working environment parameters.

[0081] In one possible implementation, step 5 includes the following sub-steps:

[0082] Sub-step 5.1: Based on the gap discharge test parameters, generate the operational impulse discharge characteristic curves for different gap structures;

[0083] Sub-step 5.2: Combine the altitude and atmospheric parameters in the environmental simulation sub-model to correct the discharge characteristic curve for air density and humidity;

[0084] Sub-step 5.3: Based on the corrected curve and the preset safety threshold, calculate the phase-to-ground safety gap value and phase-to-phase safety gap value for the specific work scenario.

[0085] It should be noted that the safety gap value is the minimum distance that needs to be maintained under specific operating conditions to prevent discharge between operators and equipment or between equipment phases. This includes the phase-to-ground safety gap value (the safe distance between a live conductor and ground) and the phase-to-phase safety gap value (the safe distance between live conductors of different phases). The switching impulse discharge characteristic curve describes the relationship between the switching impulse voltage (simulating overvoltage generated by switch operation) and the discharge probability under different gap distances.

[0086] In the specific implementation process, based on the gap discharge test parameters, a curve fitting method is used to generate operational impulse discharge characteristic curves for different gap structures (such as phase-to-ground gaps and phase-to-phase gaps); combined with the altitude and atmospheric parameters in the environmental simulation sub-model, air density and humidity corrections are performed. The air density correction coefficient k1 and humidity correction coefficient k2 are calculated as follows: Air density correction coefficient: k1 = δm, where δ is the relative air density and m is an exponent related to parameter g; Humidity correction coefficient: k2 = k w Where k is a coefficient related to absolute humidity and relative air density, and when the voltage is an impulse voltage, k = 1 + 0.010(h / δ−11) (applicable to 1 <h / δ<15g / m 3 w is an index related to parameter g, and h is absolute humidity; the discharge characteristic curve is corrected using k1 and k2 to obtain an environmentally suitable curve; based on the corrected curve, the minimum safe gap value between phase and ground and between phases is calculated according to the preset safety threshold.

[0087] Step 6: Couple the equipment simulation sub-model, human simulation sub-model and environmental simulation sub-model to form the initial simulation model for live-line work in the substation, and calculate the field strength distribution through the initial simulation model to obtain the initial field strength distribution result.

[0088] In one possible implementation, step 6 includes the following sub-steps:

[0089] Sub-step 6.1: Match the equipment simulation sub-model with the environment simulation sub-model according to spatial coordinates to ensure that the equipment parameters correspond to the environmental conditions;

[0090] Sub-step 6.2: Place the human body simulation sub-model in a preset position in the specific work scenario, establish the interaction relationship between equipment, human body and environment, and form the initial simulation model of live-line work in substation;

[0091] Sub-step 6.3: Based on the electromagnetic parameters and spatial layout in the initial simulation model of live-line work in the substation, calculate the electric field intensity distribution within the work area to obtain the initial field intensity distribution results.

[0092] It should be noted that the initial simulation model for live-line working in a substation is a holistic model formed by coupling three sub-models—equipment, human body, and environment—according to their actual spatial relationships. This model is used to simulate the initial state of the work scenario. The initial electric field distribution result is the electric field intensity distribution data within the work area (including the human body surface and the area around the equipment) calculated through the initial simulation model.

[0093] In the specific implementation process, a unified spatial coordinate system is adopted to match the positions of the equipment simulation sub-model and the environmental simulation sub-model, ensuring that the equipment is in the corresponding environmental conditions. The human simulation sub-model is placed at the initial operating position of the specific work scenario (such as the standing position before operating the disconnect switch), establishing the spatial and electrical interaction relationship between the equipment, human body, and environment to form the initial simulation model. The finite element electric field calculation method is used to solve the Poisson equation ∇ based on the electrical characteristics of the equipment potential, human body, and environment in the model. 2 φ = −ρ / ε (ρ is the charge density) calculates the electric field intensity distribution within the working range and outputs the initial field intensity distribution result.

[0094] Step 7: Using the measured field strength parameters of the human body surface, calibrate the initial field strength distribution results obtained in Step 6, adjust the parameters of the initial simulation model for live-line work in the substation, and obtain the field strength calibration model.

[0095] In one possible implementation, step 7 includes the following sub-steps:

[0096] Sub-step 7.1: Compare the measured field strength parameters of the human body surface with the initial field strength distribution results point by point, calculate the deviation value of each point, and identify the areas where the deviation value exceeds the preset deviation threshold.

[0097] Sub-step 7.2: For areas where the deviation value exceeds the preset deviation threshold, adjust the potential distribution of the equipment simulation sub-model and the electromagnetic parameters of the human body simulation sub-model;

[0098] Sub-step 7.3: Recalculate the field strength distribution and verify whether the deviation value of each point meets the preset deviation threshold requirement until the deviation value of all points does not exceed the preset deviation threshold, and obtain the field strength calibration model.

[0099] It should be noted that the field strength calibration model is a model with higher field strength calculation accuracy obtained by adjusting the parameters of the initial simulation model using measured field strength data. The deviation value is the difference between the calculated value at a certain point in the initial field strength distribution result and the measured value of the field strength on the human body surface at the corresponding point. The preset deviation threshold is an upper limit of deviation set to determine whether the field strength calculation accuracy is acceptable (e.g., the deviation rate between the calculated value and the measured value is ≤5%).

[0100] In the specific implementation process, the measured parameters of the electric field strength on the human body surface (such as the measured electric field strength on the head and hands) are compared point by point with the calculated values ​​of corresponding points in the initial electric field strength distribution results, and the deviation value ΔE=E is calculated. 计算 -E 实测 And the deviation rate δ=|ΔE| / E 实测 ×100%; For areas where the deviation rate exceeds the preset deviation threshold (e.g., the calculated field strength of the hand is 10% higher than the measured value), adjust the local potential distribution of the equipment simulation sub-model (e.g., fine-tune the potential gradient of the busbar) and the electromagnetic parameters of the human body simulation sub-model (e.g., adjust the equivalent dielectric constant of the shielding suit); recalculate the field strength distribution, compare it with the measured value again, and repeat the adjustment until the deviation rate of all points does not exceed the preset deviation threshold, thus obtaining the field strength calibration model.

[0101] Step 8: Based on the safety gap value, adjust the safety distance parameters of the obtained field strength calibration model to form a substation live-line working simulation model.

[0102] In one possible implementation, step 8 includes the following sub-steps:

[0103] Sub-step 8.1: Extract the phase-to-ground gap parameter and phase-to-phase gap parameter from the field strength calibration model, and compare them with the phase-to-ground safety gap value and the phase-to-phase safety gap value respectively to obtain the comparison results. The comparison results include the difference between the phase-to-ground gap parameter and the phase-to-ground safety gap value, and the difference between the phase-to-phase gap parameter and the phase-to-phase safety gap value.

[0104] Sub-step 8.2: Based on the comparison results, when the difference between the phase-to-ground gap parameter and the difference between the phase-to-phase gap parameter are negative, adjust the relative spatial position of the human simulation sub-model and the equipment simulation sub-model so that the phase-to-ground gap parameter and the phase-to-phase gap parameter are increased to not less than the corresponding safe gap value, thus completing the gap parameter optimization.

[0105] Sub-step 8.3: Calculate the field strength on the human body surface in the optimized field strength calibration model, and verify whether the field strength on the human body surface does not exceed the preset field strength threshold, and whether the phase-to-ground gap parameter and the phase-to-phase gap parameter are not less than the corresponding safety gap value; if all are satisfied, the optimized field strength calibration model is determined as the substation live-line operation simulation model.

[0106] It should be noted that the substation live-line working simulation model is a final simulation model that has been optimized for safety clearances and can be used to guide actual live-line work. Its field strength distribution and clearance parameters all meet safety requirements. Clearance parameter optimization is achieved by adjusting the relative positions of the operator and the equipment to ensure that the phase-to-ground and phase-to-phase clearances in the model are not less than the corresponding safety clearance values.

[0107] In the specific implementation process, the phase-to-ground gap parameter d1 (distance between the human body and the ground potential device) and the phase-to-phase gap parameter d2 (distance between the human body and charged bodies in different phases) in the field strength calibration model are extracted and compared with the phase-to-ground safety gap value D1 and the phase-to-phase safety gap value D2 calculated in step 5, respectively, to obtain the difference between the two Δd1=d1−D1 and Δd2=d2−D2. If the phase-to-ground gap parameter is less than the phase-to-ground safety gap value (Δd1 is negative) or the phase-to-phase gap parameter is less than the phase-to-phase safety gap value (Δd2 is negative), the three-dimensional coordinates of the human body simulation sub-model are adjusted (e.g., by increasing the distance between the human body and the charged body) so that the gap parameter is increased to be not less than the corresponding safety gap value. The field strength on the human body surface in the optimized field strength calibration model is recalculated to verify whether it does not exceed the preset field strength threshold E. t (e.g., 80kV / m), and whether the gap parameters meet the safety requirements; if all are met, then the model is determined as the substation live-line operation simulation model.

[0108] In summary, this invention first comprehensively collects basic parameters for live-line work in substations (covering multi-dimensional data such as equipment layout, structure, work scenario, environment, human posture, gap discharge test, and measured field strength on the human body surface), providing complete and accurate raw data support for simulation modeling. Subsequently, it constructs three major simulation sub-models: based on equipment layout and structural parameters, an equipment simulation sub-model is built, including the structural features and electrical properties of equipment such as busbars and insulators, accurately reproducing the impact of equipment on electric field distribution and discharge risk; based on human work posture and work scenario parameters, a human simulation sub-model is built, simulating the limb shape and electrical characteristics of workers, realistically reflecting the interaction between the human body and the electric field; based on work environment parameters, an environmental simulation sub-model is built, including altitude, atmospheric parameters, and spatial layout, quantifying the impact of environmental factors on air insulation performance and discharge characteristics. Next, combining the gap discharge test parameters with the altitude and atmospheric parameters of the environmental simulation sub-model, the phase-to-ground and phase-to-phase safety gap values ​​adapted to specific operating scenarios are calculated by correcting the discharge characteristic curves using air density and humidity. Then, the equipment, human body, and environmental simulation sub-models are coupled according to spatial relationships to form an initial simulation model for live-line work in a substation, and the initial field strength distribution within the operating range is calculated using the finite element method. Subsequently, the initial field strength distribution results are calibrated using measured parameters of the human body surface field strength, and the model parameters are adjusted to obtain a field strength calibration model, improving the accuracy of field strength calculation. Finally, based on the calculated safety gap values, the relative positions of the human body and equipment in the field strength calibration model are adjusted to ensure that the phase-to-ground and phase-to-phase gaps are not less than the safety gap values, and that the field strength on the human body surface does not exceed a preset threshold, ultimately forming a substation live-line work simulation model that can guide actual operations.

[0109] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of specific implementations of the present invention, and while the descriptions are detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these modifications and improvements all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for establishing a simulation model based on live-line working in substations, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Collect basic parameters for live-line work in the substation. These parameters include equipment layout parameters, equipment structural parameters, specific work scenario parameters, work environment parameters, human work posture parameters, gap discharge test parameters, and measured parameters of the field strength on the human body surface. Step 2: Based on the equipment layout parameters and equipment structure parameters, construct a substation equipment simulation sub-model, wherein the equipment simulation sub-model includes the structural features and electrical properties of busbars, insulators, disconnecting switches and insulation support components; Step 3: Based on the human body posture parameters and specific work scenario parameters, construct a human body simulation sub-model, wherein the human body simulation sub-model simulates the limb shape and electrical characteristics of the worker during live-line work; Step 4: Based on the aforementioned work environment parameters, construct an environmental simulation sub-model, wherein the environmental simulation sub-model includes altitude, atmospheric parameters, and spatial layout features; Step 5: Calculate the safe clearance value for live-line work in the substation based on the gap discharge test parameters and the working environment parameters; Step 6: Couple the equipment simulation sub-model, human simulation sub-model and environmental simulation sub-model to form the initial simulation model for live-line work in the substation, and calculate the field strength distribution through the initial simulation model to obtain the initial field strength distribution result; Step 7: Using the measured field strength parameters of the human body surface, calibrate the initial field strength distribution results obtained in Step 6, adjust the parameters of the initial simulation model for live-line work in the substation, and obtain the field strength calibration model. Step 8: Based on the safety gap value, adjust the safety distance parameters of the obtained field strength calibration model to form a substation live-line working simulation model.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step 2 includes the following sub-steps: Sub-step 2.1: Extract the physical dimensions and connection relationships of busbars, insulators, disconnectors, and insulation support components from the equipment structural parameters to form the basic data of structural features; Sub-step 2.2: Based on the voltage level and operating characteristics of the equipment, assign corresponding potential parameters and insulation strength parameters to each piece of equipment to determine its electrical properties; Sub-step 2.3: Extract the air gap data between each piece of equipment from the equipment structure parameters, including the gap dimensions between phases and ground, and between phases; Sub-step 2.4: Based on the electrical properties and structural characteristics of the equipment, conduct electric field distribution simulation to identify areas of concentrated electric field strength where the electric field intensity is higher than that of the surrounding area; Sub-step 2.5: Perform correlation analysis between the air gap data and the electric field concentration area to determine the location of discharge risk; Sub-step 2.6: Combining the spatial relationships in the equipment layout parameters, integrate the structural features, electrical attributes, and locations of discharge risks to form a substation equipment simulation sub-model.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step 3 includes the following sub-steps: Sub-step 3.1: Analyze the human body's work posture parameters, extract the movement trajectory of the limbs and the morphological features of key postures during the work process, and generate a limb posture feature dataset; Sub-step 3.2: Based on the electromagnetic properties of human tissue and the protective performance of shielding suits, and combined with the limb posture feature dataset, set the dielectric parameters and potential conduction characteristics of the human body simulation sub-model, and construct the human body electrical characteristic model; Sub-step 3.3: Referring to the operating range in the specific work scenario parameters, spatially associate the human electrical characteristic model with the work position to form a human simulation sub-model that matches the actual work process.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step 4 includes the following sub-steps: Sub-step 4.1: Perform hierarchical processing on the altitude data in the working environment parameters and establish an atmospheric insulation characteristic correlation model corresponding to different altitudes; Sub-step 4.2: Based on monitoring data of temperature, humidity and air pressure, construct a feature model that reflects the dynamic changes of environmental parameters; Sub-step 4.3: Combine the spatial coordinates in the equipment layout parameters with the altitude, atmospheric parameters and the relative position of the equipment to form an environmental simulation sub-model.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that, Step 5 includes the following sub-steps: Sub-step 5.1: Based on the gap discharge test parameters, generate the operational impulse discharge characteristic curves for different gap structures; Sub-step 5.2: Combine the altitude and atmospheric parameters in the environmental simulation sub-model to correct the discharge characteristic curve for air density and humidity; Sub-step 5.3: Based on the corrected curve and the preset safety threshold, calculate the phase-to-ground safety gap value and phase-to-phase safety gap value for the specific work scenario.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step 6 includes the following sub-steps: Sub-step 6.1: Match the equipment simulation sub-model with the environment simulation sub-model according to spatial coordinates to ensure that the equipment parameters correspond to the environmental conditions; Sub-step 6.2: Place the human body simulation sub-model in a preset position in the specific work scenario, establish the interaction relationship between equipment, human body and environment, and form the initial simulation model of live-line work in substation; Sub-step 6.3: Based on the electromagnetic parameters and spatial layout in the initial simulation model of live-line work in the substation, calculate the electric field intensity distribution within the work area to obtain the initial field intensity distribution results.

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step 7 includes the following sub-steps: Sub-step 7.1: Compare the measured field strength parameters of the human body surface with the initial field strength distribution results point by point, calculate the deviation value of each point, and identify the areas where the deviation value exceeds the preset deviation threshold. Sub-step 7.2: For areas where the deviation value exceeds the preset deviation threshold, adjust the potential distribution of the equipment simulation sub-model and the electromagnetic parameters of the human body simulation sub-model; Sub-step 7.3: Recalculate the field strength distribution and verify whether the deviation value of each point meets the preset deviation threshold requirement until the deviation value of all points does not exceed the preset deviation threshold, and obtain the field strength calibration model.

8. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that, Step 8 includes the following sub-steps: Sub-step 8.1: Extract the phase-to-ground gap parameter and phase-to-phase gap parameter from the field strength calibration model, and compare them with the phase-to-ground safety gap value and the phase-to-phase safety gap value respectively to obtain the comparison results. The comparison results include the difference between the phase-to-ground gap parameter and the phase-to-ground safety gap value, and the difference between the phase-to-phase gap parameter and the phase-to-phase safety gap value. Sub-step 8.2: Based on the comparison results, when the difference between the phase-to-ground gap parameter and the difference between the phase-to-phase gap parameter are negative, adjust the relative spatial position of the human simulation sub-model and the equipment simulation sub-model so that the phase-to-ground gap parameter and the phase-to-phase gap parameter are increased to not less than the corresponding safe gap value, thus completing the gap parameter optimization. Sub-step 8.3: Calculate the field strength on the human body surface in the optimized field strength calibration model, and verify whether the field strength on the human body surface does not exceed the preset field strength threshold, and whether the phase-to-ground gap parameter and the phase-to-phase gap parameter are not less than the corresponding safety gap value; if all are satisfied, the optimized field strength calibration model is determined as the substation live-line operation simulation model.

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