Communication method and device, chip and storage medium

Abstract

The invention discloses a communication method and device, a chip and a storage medium, applied to an NTN random access scenario, the method comprising: receiving first indication information from a network device, the first indication information indicating a TA value and / or an FO value, and being used for determining a time-frequency pre-compensation iteration strategy for an uplink; determining a time-frequency pre-compensation iteration strategy for the uplink based on the first indication information; and initiating random access to the network equipment based on the TA value and / or the FO value according to a time-frequency pre-compensation iteration strategy. Based on the method provided by the invention, the random access is initiated based on the TA value and / or the FO value according to the time-frequency pre-compensation iteration strategy, various communication environments with different requirements on the TA value and the FO value can be adapted, and efficient and stable access can be carried out by utilizing the proper time-frequency pre-compensation iteration strategy aiming at various communication environments.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to a communication method, device, chip, and storage medium. Background Technology

[0002] In non-terrestrial networks (NTNs), network equipment can be implemented using non-terrestrial network devices (such as communication satellites). Compared to conventional cellular communication, satellite communication systems offer wider cell coverage but have greater transmission latency.

[0003] In NTN networks, the high-speed relative motion between satellites and terminal equipment generates significant transmission delays and Doppler shifts. To achieve access, terminal equipment typically needs to perform time and frequency pre-compensation during the access process. In existing technologies, terminal equipment relies on precise positions obtained from the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) and combines this with ephemeris data to perform uplink time and frequency pre-compensation. However, when GNSS is unavailable or damaged, terminal equipment cannot obtain precise positions to calculate pre-compensation parameters. In this case, existing random access preambles often cannot simultaneously tolerate large residual delays and residual frequency offsets, potentially leading to access failure. Therefore, ensuring efficient and stable access to the NTN system when GNSS is unavailable or damaged has become a pressing technical problem. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides a communication method, device, chip, and storage medium. Based on the method described in this application, random access is initiated based on the TA value and / or FO value and according to the time-frequency pre-compensation iterative strategy. This method can adapt to various communication environments with different requirements for the TA value and FO value, and can achieve efficient and stable access for various communication environments by using appropriate time-frequency pre-compensation iterative strategies.

[0005] In a first aspect, this application provides a communication method, the method comprising: receiving first indication information from a network device, wherein the first indication information indicates a timing advance (TA) value and / or a frequency offset (FO) value, and is used to determine a time-frequency pre-compensation iteration strategy for an uplink; determining the time-frequency pre-compensation iteration strategy for an uplink based on the first indication information; and initiating random access to the network device based on the TA value and / or the FO value and according to the time-frequency pre-compensation iteration strategy.

[0006] Based on the method described in the first aspect, random access can be initiated based on the TA value and / or FO value and according to the time-frequency pre-compensation iterative strategy. This method can adapt to various communication environments with different requirements for TA and FO values, and can achieve efficient and stable access for various communication environments by using appropriate time-frequency pre-compensation iterative strategies.

[0007] Secondly, this application provides a communication method, the method comprising: sending first indication information to a terminal device, wherein the first indication information indicates a timing advance (TA) value and / or a frequency offset (FO) value, and is used to determine a time-frequency pre-compensation iteration strategy for the uplink; and receiving random access initiated by the terminal device based on the first indication information.

[0008] Based on the method described in the second aspect, terminal devices can initiate random access based on TA value and / or FO value and according to time-frequency pre-compensation iterative strategy. This method can adapt to various communication environments with different requirements for TA value and FO value, and can achieve efficient and stable access for various communication environments by using appropriate time-frequency pre-compensation iterative strategies.

[0009] Thirdly, this application provides a communication device, which may be a terminal device, a device within a terminal device, or a device compatible with a terminal device; wherein, the communication device may also be a chip system, and the communication device can execute the method executed by the terminal device in the first aspect. The function of the communication device can be implemented by hardware or by hardware executing corresponding software. The hardware or software includes one or more units corresponding to the above functions. The unit may be software and / or hardware. The operation performed by the communication device and its beneficial effects can be found in the first aspect and its beneficial effects described above, and will not be repeated here.

[0010] Fourthly, this application provides a communication device, which may be a network device, a device within a network device, or a device compatible with a network device. The communication device may also be a chip system, capable of executing the methods performed by the network device in the second aspect. The functions of the communication device can be implemented in hardware or by hardware executing corresponding software. The hardware or software includes one or more units corresponding to the aforementioned functions. These units may be software and / or hardware. The operations performed by the communication device and its beneficial effects are described in the second aspect above, and will not be repeated here.

[0011] Fifthly, a communication device is provided, including a processor. The processor is coupled to a memory and can be used to execute instructions or data in the memory to implement the methods performed by a terminal device or network device as described in the first or second aspect. Optionally, the communication device further includes a memory. Optionally, the communication device further includes a communication interface, and the processor is coupled to the communication interface.

[0012] In one implementation, the communication interface can be a transceiver, or an input / output interface.

[0013] In one implementation, the communication device can be a chip configured in a terminal device or network device. When the communication device is a chip configured in a terminal device or network device, the communication interface can be an input / output interface.

[0014] In a sixth aspect, this application provides a communication device including a processor and a memory for storing computer execution instructions; the processor is configured to execute the computer execution instructions stored in the memory to cause the communication device to perform the method executed by a terminal device or network device as described in the first or second aspect.

[0015] Optionally, there may be one or more processors and one or more memories.

[0016] In a seventh aspect, this application provides a communication device including a processor, a memory, and a transceiver. The transceiver is used to receive or transmit signals; the memory is used to store a computer program; and the processor is used to invoke the computer program from the memory to execute the method performed by a terminal device or network device as described in the first or second aspect.

[0017] Eighthly, this application provides a communication device including a processor and an interface circuit for receiving computer execution instructions and transmitting them to the processor; the processor executes the computer execution instructions to perform the method performed by the terminal device or network device as described in the first or second aspect.

[0018] A ninth aspect provides a processor, including: an input circuit, an output circuit, and a processing circuit. The processing circuit is used to receive signals through the input circuit and transmit signals through the output circuit, causing the processor to execute the method performed by a terminal device or network device as described in the first or second aspect.

[0019] In specific implementation, the processor can be one or more chips, the input circuit can be input pins, the output circuit can be output pins, and the processing circuit can be transistors, gate circuits, flip-flops, and various logic circuits. The input signal received by the input circuit can be received and input by, for example, but not limited to, a receiver, and the signal output by the output circuit can be, for example, but not limited to, output to and transmitted by a transmitter. Furthermore, the input circuit and the output circuit can be the same circuit, which is used as both the input circuit and the output circuit at different times. This application does not limit the specific implementation of the processor and various circuits.

[0020] In a tenth aspect, this application provides a computer program product comprising: a computer program (also referred to as code or instructions) that, when run, causes a computer to perform a method performed by a terminal device or network device as described in the first or second aspect.

[0021] In one aspect, this application provides a computer-readable storage medium for storing computer-executable instructions that, when executed, cause the computer to perform the method performed by a terminal device or network device as described in the first or second aspect.

[0022] In a twelfth aspect, this application provides a communication device that includes functions or units for performing the methods of either the first or second aspect.

[0023] In a thirteenth aspect, embodiments of this application provide a chip system including one or more processors for calling and executing instructions stored in memory, causing the methods in any of the above aspects or any possible implementations of the above aspects to be executed. The chip system may be composed of chips or may include chips and other discrete devices.

[0024] The chip system may include input circuits or interfaces for transmitting information or data, and output circuits or interfaces for receiving information or data.

[0025] In a fourteenth aspect, this application provides a communication system comprising a terminal device or a network device; wherein the terminal device is used to perform the method of the first aspect described above, and the network device is used to perform the method of the second aspect described above. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 This application provides a schematic diagram of the architecture of a communication system. Figure 2 An NTN architecture provided for embodiments of this application; Figure 3 An NTN architecture provided for embodiments of this application; Figure 4 An NTN architecture provided for embodiments of this application; Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a public location reference point provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 6 A flowchart illustrating a communication method provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 7 A schematic diagram illustrating random access initiated based on a time-frequency pre-compensation iterative strategy, provided as an embodiment of this application; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a communication device provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a communication device provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a chip provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The terms "first" and "second," etc., used in the specification, claims, and drawings of this application are used to distinguish different objects, not to describe a specific order. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that includes a series of steps or units is not limited to the listed steps or units, but may optionally include steps or units not listed, or may optionally include other steps or units inherent to these processes, methods, products, or apparatuses.

[0028] In this document, the term "embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of this application. The appearance of this phrase in various places throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a separate or alternative embodiment mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It will be explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.

[0029] In this application, "at least one (item)" means one or more, "more than one" means two or more, "at least two (items)" means two or three or more, and "and / or" is used to describe the correspondence between related objects, indicating that there can be three relationships. For example, "A and / or B" can mean: only A exists, only B exists, and A and B exist simultaneously, where A and B can be singular or plural. The character " / " generally indicates that the related objects before and after are in an "or" relationship. "At least one (item) of the following" or similar expressions refer to any combination of these items, including any combination of single or plural items. For example, at least one (item) of a, b, or c can mean: a, b, c, "a and b", "a and c", "b and c", or "a and b and c", where a, b, and c can be single or multiple.

[0030] The terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, used in the following description of embodiments of this application are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, system, product, or device that includes a series of steps or units is not limited to the listed steps or units, but may optionally include other steps or units not listed, or may optionally include other steps or units inherent to these processes, methods, products, or devices. It should be noted that in embodiments of this application, words such as "exemplary" or "for example" are used to indicate examples, illustrations, or descriptions. Any method or design described as "exemplary" or "for example" in embodiments of this application should not be construed as preferred or advantageous over other methods or designs. Specifically, the use of words such as "exemplary" or "for example" is intended to present the relevant concepts in a concrete manner.

[0031] For the sake of brevity and ease of understanding, the terms “greater than” or “less than” are used in this document to characterize size relationships. However, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the term “greater than” also includes the meaning of “greater than or equal to”, and “less than” also includes the meaning of “less than or equal to”.

[0032] In this application, the terms "information," "signal," "message," "channel," and "singaling" may sometimes be used interchangeably. It should be noted that, without emphasizing their distinction, their intended meanings are consistent. Similarly, the terms "of," "corresponding (relevant)," and "corresponding" may sometimes be used interchangeably. It should be noted that, without emphasizing their distinction, their intended meanings are consistent. Furthermore, the " / " mentioned in this application can be used to indicate an "or" relationship.

[0033] It is understood that in this application, "instruction" can include direct instruction, indirect instruction, explicit instruction, and implicit instruction. When describing a certain instruction information to indicate A, it can be understood that the instruction information carries A, directly indicates A, or indirectly indicates A.

[0034] In this application, the information indicated by the instruction information is referred to herein as the information to be instructed for ease of description. In specific implementations, there are many ways to indicate the information to be instructed, such as, but not limited to, directly indicating the information to be instructed, such as the information to be instructed itself or its index; indirectly indicating the information to be instructed by indicating other information, wherein there is a relationship between the other information and the information to be instructed; or indicating only a part of the information to be instructed, while the other parts are known or pre-agreed upon. For example, the instruction of specific information can be achieved by using a pre-agreed (e.g., protocol-defined) arrangement of various pieces of information, thereby reducing instruction overhead to some extent.

[0035] The information to be instructed can be sent as a whole or divided into multiple sub-information messages, and the sending period and / or timing of these sub-information messages can be the same or different. This application does not limit the specific sending method. The sending period and / or timing of these sub-information messages can be predefined, for example, according to a protocol, or configured by the transmitting device by sending configuration information to the receiving device.

[0036] It is understood that "send" and "receive" in this application refer to the direction of signal transmission. For example, "send information to XX" can be understood as the destination of the information being XX, which can include direct transmission via the air interface or indirect transmission via the air interface from other units or modules. "Receive information from YY" can be understood as the source of the information being YY, which can include direct reception from YY via the air interface or indirect reception from YY via the air interface from other units or modules. "Send" can also be understood as the "output" of the chip interface, and "receive" can also be understood as the "input" of the chip interface. Here, "XX" and "YY" are merely convenient descriptive symbols and are not intended to limit this application.

[0037] In other words, sending and receiving can occur between devices, such as between network devices and terminal devices, or within a device, such as between components, modules, chips, software modules, or hardware modules within the device via buses, wiring, or interfaces.

[0038] It is understandable that information may undergo necessary processing, such as encoding and modulation, between the source and destination, but the destination can understand the valid information from the source. Similar statements in this application can be interpreted in a similar way and will not be elaborated further.

[0039] To better understand the embodiments of this application, the system architecture involved in the embodiments of this application will be described first below: The technical solutions of this application can be applied to various communication systems, such as: Long Term Evolution (LTE) systems, LTE Frequency Division Duplex (FDD) systems, LTE Time Division Duplex (TDD) systems, Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX) or Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) systems, New Radio (NR), the 3rd Generation Partner Project (3GPP) service-based architecture (SBA) and other fifth-generation (5G) or sixth-generation (6G) communication systems, and other communication systems that have evolved after 5G.

[0040] In a communication system, one network element can send signals to or receive signals from another network element. These signals can include information, configuration information, or data. For example, a communication system can include at least one terminal device and at least one network device. The network device can be the network element sending the configuration information, and the terminal device can be the network element receiving the configuration information.

[0041] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the architecture of a communication system provided in an embodiment of this application. To facilitate understanding of the embodiments of this application, we will first use... Figure 1 The communication system illustrated herein is used as an example to describe in detail the communication system applicable to the embodiments of this application. It should be noted that the solutions in the embodiments of this application can also be applied to other mobile communication systems, and the corresponding names can be replaced by the names of the corresponding functions in other mobile communication systems.

[0042] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the architecture of a communication system provided in an embodiment of this application. The communication system 100 may include a network device 110 and at least one terminal device 120. Figure 1 Take a communication system that includes a network device (i.e., network device 110) and a terminal device (i.e., terminal device 120) as an example.

[0043] Terminal device 120 is wirelessly connected to network device 110. Terminal device 120 can be fixed or mobile. Terminal device 120 can send uplink signals to network device 110, and network device 110 can receive the uplink signals. Network device 110 can send downlink signals to terminal device 120. For example, network device 110 is a base station of an NR system, and terminal device 120 is a corresponding terminal device of the NR system.

[0044] This application describes various embodiments in conjunction with network devices and terminal devices, which can operate on licensed or unlicensed frequency bands, wherein: Terminal devices may include devices that provide voice and / or data connectivity to users. For example, a terminal device is a device with wireless transceiver capabilities that can be deployed on land, including indoors or outdoors, handheld, wearable, or vehicle-mounted; it can also be deployed on water (such as ships); or it can be deployed in the air (such as airplanes, balloons, and satellites).

[0045] Terminal devices can be mobile phones, tablets, computers with wireless transceiver capabilities, virtual reality (VR) terminals, augmented reality (AR) terminals, wireless terminals in industrial control, vehicle-mounted terminals, wireless terminals in self-driving vehicles, wireless terminals in remote medical care, wireless terminals in smart grids, wireless terminals in transportation safety, wireless terminals in smart cities, wireless terminals in smart homes, wearable terminals, etc. The embodiments in this application do not limit the application scenarios.

[0046] Terminal equipment may also be referred to as terminal, user equipment (UE), mobile station (MS), mobile terminal (MT), access terminal, vehicle-mounted terminal, industrial control terminal, UE unit, UE station, mobile station, mobile terminal, remote station, remote terminal, mobile device, UE terminal, wireless communication equipment, UE agent, or UE device, etc. Terminal equipment can be fixed or mobile.

[0047] By way of example and not limitation, in this embodiment, the terminal device can also be a wearable device. Wearable devices, also known as wearable smart devices, are a general term for devices that utilize wearable technology to intelligently design and develop everyday wearables, such as glasses, gloves, watches, clothing, and shoes. Wearable devices are portable devices that are worn directly on the body or integrated into the user's clothing or accessories.

[0048] Wearable devices are not merely hardware devices; they achieve powerful functionality through software support, data interaction, and cloud interaction. Broadly defined, wearable smart devices include those with comprehensive functions, large sizes, and the ability to perform complete or partial functions without relying on a smartphone, such as smartwatches or smart glasses. They also include devices focused on specific applications that require interaction with other devices like smartphones, such as various smart bracelets and smart jewelry for vital sign monitoring.

[0049] It is understood that, in the embodiments of this application, all or part of the functions of the terminal device can also be implemented through software functions running on hardware, or through virtualization functions instantiated on a platform (e.g., a cloud platform). The terminal device in this application can be a 5G terminal or a 6G terminal, and this application does not limit it in this way.

[0050] In this embodiment, the device for implementing the functions of the terminal device can be the terminal device itself, or it can be any device that supports the terminal device in implementing those functions, such as a chip system or a combination of devices or components that can implement the functions of the terminal device. This device can be installed in the terminal device. In this embodiment, the chip system can be composed of chips, or it can include chips and other discrete devices.

[0051] Network equipment can include access network equipment and core network equipment.

[0052] Access network equipment, also known as radio access network (RAN) equipment, can provide access to communication networks for authorized users in a specific area. Specifically, it can include access points in 3GPP networks or access points in non-3GPP networks.

[0053] Access network equipment can employ different radio access technologies. Currently, there are two types of radio access technologies: 3GPP access technologies (e.g., those used in 3rd generation (3G), 4th generation (4G), or 5G systems) and non-3GPP access technologies. 3GPP access technologies refer to access technologies that conform to 3GPP standards and specifications. For example, access network equipment in a 5G system is called a next-generation node base station (gNB) or RAN equipment. Non-3GPP access technologies can include air interface technologies such as access points (APs) in Wireless Fidelity (WiFi), Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX), and Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA). AN equipment allows terminal equipment and the 3GPP core network to interconnect using non-3GPP technologies.

[0054] Access network (RAN) equipment is responsible for functions such as radio resource management, quality of service (QoS) management, data compression, and encryption on the air interface side. RAN equipment provides access services to terminal devices, thereby completing the forwarding of control signals and user data between the terminal devices and the core network.

[0055] Access network equipment may include, but is not limited to: macro base stations, micro base stations (also known as small stations), relay stations, access points, radio network controllers (RNCs), Node Bs (NBs), base station controllers (BSCs), base transceiver stations (BTSs), evolved Node Bs (eNBs), next-generation evolved Node Bs (ng-eNBs), home base stations (e.g., home-evolved Node Bs, or home Node Bs (HNBs), baseband units (BBUs), access points (APs), wireless relay nodes, wireless backhaul nodes, transmission points (TPs) or transmission and reception points (TRPs) in WiFi systems, mobile switching centers, and equipment that performs base station functions in device-to-device (D2D), vehicle-to-everything (V2X), machine-to-machine (M2M) communication, and Internet of Things (IoT) communication. Alternatively, it could be a gNB or transmission point (TRP or TP) in a 5G (e.g., NR) system, or one or a group of antenna panels (including multiple antenna panels) of a base station in a 5G system, etc. This application embodiment does not specifically limit this.

[0056] Access network equipment may include a single node to perform the functions of the aforementioned base station, or it may include two or more independent nodes to perform the functions of the aforementioned base station. For example, network equipment includes centralized units (CUs) and distributed units (DUs), such as gNB-CU and gNB-DU.

[0057] Furthermore, in some other embodiments of this application, the access network device may also include an active antenna unit (AAU). The CU implements some of the functions of the network device, and the DU implements other functions. For example, the CU is responsible for handling non-real-time protocols and services, implementing the functions of the Radio Resource Control (RRC) layer, the Service Data Adaptation Protocol (SDAP) layer, and the Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) layer. The DU is responsible for handling physical layer protocols and real-time services, implementing the functions of the Radio Link Control (RLC) layer, the Medium Access Control (MAC) layer, and the Physical (PHY) layer.

[0058] In addition, the AAU can perform some physical layer processing functions, radio frequency processing, and related functions of active antennas. Since the information of the RRC layer will eventually become the information of the PHY layer, or be transformed from the information of the PHY layer, in this network deployment, higher-layer signaling (such as RRC signaling) can be considered to be generated by the CU, sent by the DU, or sent jointly by the DU and the AAU.

[0059] It is understood that access network equipment can include at least one of CU, DU, and AAU. Furthermore, CU can be classified as RAN equipment, or it can be classified as core network equipment; there are no specific limitations on this.

[0060] Core network equipment can be used for user access control, mobility management, session management, user security authentication, or accounting. Core network equipment can consist of multiple functional units, such as functional entities that include control plane and data plane.

[0061] Core network equipment may include: access and mobility management function (AMF) network elements, session management function (SMF) network elements, and user plane function (UPF) network elements. AMF network elements are responsible for user access management, security authentication, and mobility management. UPF network elements are responsible for managing user plane data transmission and traffic statistics.

[0062] Core network equipment may also include: Ambient Internet of Things Function (AIoTF), also known as Ambient IoT Management Function, or IoT function, IoT management function, etc., which is mainly responsible for the transmission of business data of IoT devices, management of IoT terminals, security authentication process of IoT terminals, or, according to the business operation indicated by the business requester, instructing the reader to perform IoT business operations (such as instructing the reader to perform the inventory process of AIoT devices), and transmitting instructions (such as read operation, write operation, etc.).

[0063] The air interface can be understood as the wireless link between the terminal device and the base station, or the wireless link between the satellite and the ground station; the Xn interface can be understood as the interface between base stations, mainly used for signaling interaction such as handover; the NG interface can be used as the interface between the base station and the core network equipment, used for exchanging non-access stratum (NAS) signaling of the core network equipment, as well as user service data. In systems with different wireless access technologies, the names of devices with base station functions may vary, and they will not be shown one by one in the embodiments of this application.

[0064] Network equipment can be mobile; for example, it can be a mobile device. Optionally, network equipment can be a satellite or a balloon station. For example, satellites can be low Earth orbit (LEO), medium Earth orbit (MEO), geostationary earth orbit (GEO), or highly elliptical orbit (HEO) satellites. Optionally, network equipment can also be base stations located on land, water, or other similar locations.

[0065] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the network device provides services to a cell, and the terminal device communicates with the network device through the transmission resources (e.g., frequency domain resources, or spectrum resources) used by the cell. The cell can be a cell corresponding to a network device (e.g., a base station), and can belong to a macro base station or a base station corresponding to a small cell. Small cells here can include: metro cells, micro cells, pico cells, femto cells, etc. These small cells have the characteristics of small coverage area and low transmission power, making them suitable for providing high-speed data transmission services.

[0066] Furthermore, in LTE, NR, or future communication systems, multiple cells can operate simultaneously on the same frequency on a carrier. In certain special scenarios, the concepts of carrier and cell can be considered equivalent. For example, in carrier aggregation (CA) scenarios, when configuring a secondary carrier for a UE, the carrier index of the secondary carrier and the cell identifier (Cell ID) of the secondary cell operating on that secondary carrier are carried simultaneously. In this case, the concepts of carrier and cell can be considered equivalent; for instance, a UE accessing a carrier is equivalent to accessing a cell.

[0067] It is understood that in the embodiments of this application, the device used to implement the network device function can be the network device itself, or it can be a device that supports the network device in implementing the function, such as a chip system or a combination of devices or components that can implement the network device function. This device can be installed in the network device. The embodiments of this application do not limit the specific technology or specific device form used in the network device.

[0068] Unless otherwise specified, the higher-layer signaling in the embodiments of this application can refer to signaling issued by a higher-layer protocol layer, which is at least one protocol layer among all protocol layers above the physical layer. Specifically, the higher-layer protocol layer can be at least one of the following protocol layers: Medium Access Control (MAC) layer, Radio Link Control (RLC) layer, Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) layer, Radio Resource Control (RRC) layer, and Non-Access Stratum (NAS) layer, etc. Higher-layer signaling can be signaling dedicated to a single terminal device, signaling shared by multiple terminal devices or a group of terminal devices, or signaling shared by all terminal devices within a cell.

[0069] Unless otherwise specified, in the embodiments of this application, physical layer signaling can be physical downlink control information, such as downlink control information (DCI), or other physical control information. It can be signaling dedicated to a terminal device, such as physical layer signaling scrambled with a terminal device-specific identifier, physical layer signaling sent in a search space dedicated to the terminal device, or physical layer signaling sent in a control channel resource set dedicated to the terminal device.

[0070] Alternatively, it could be physical layer signaling shared by multiple terminal devices or a group of terminal devices, such as physical layer signaling with group identifier scrambling, physical layer signaling sent in a search space shared by a group of terminal devices, or physical layer signaling sent in a set of control channel resources shared by a group of terminal devices.

[0071] Alternatively, it could be signaling shared by all terminal devices within a cell. Or, the physical layer control signaling could be signaling shared by all terminal devices, such as physical layer signaling with identifier scrambling shared by all terminal devices, physical layer signaling transmitted in a search space shared by all terminal devices, or physical layer signaling transmitted in a set of control channel resources shared by all terminal devices.

[0072] It should be understood that the term "and / or" used in this article is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that there can be three relationships. For example, A and / or B can represent three cases: A exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone.

[0073] It should also be understood that the naming of each device or unit in this application is defined solely for the purpose of distinguishing different functions and should not constitute any limitation on this application. This application does not preclude the possibility of using other names in other networks in the future. For example, in other networks in the future, some or all of the above-mentioned devices or units may use the terminology in 5G, or they may use other names, etc.

[0074] It should be understood that Figure 1 The structure of the communication system shown is only an example, based on Figure 1 Other communication systems derived from the structure shown, applicable to the communication method provided in this application, may also include wireless relay devices, wireless backhaul devices, etc. Figure 1 Even those not shown should fall within the scope of protection of this application. The embodiments of this application do not limit the number of various devices included in the communication system.

[0075] This application's embodiments can be applied to both downlink and uplink signal transmission. For downlink signal transmission, the transmitting device is a network device, and the corresponding receiving device is a terminal device. For uplink signal transmission, the transmitting device is a terminal device, and the corresponding receiving device is a network device. The direction of signal transmission is not limited in this application's embodiments.

[0076] It is understood that in the embodiments of this application, the physical downlink share channel (PDSCH), physical downlink control channel (PDCCH), physical uplink share channel (PUSCH), and physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) are only examples of downlink data channel, downlink control channel, uplink data channel, and uplink control channel, respectively. In different systems and different scenarios, the data channel and control channel may have different names, and the embodiments of this application do not limit this.

[0077] This application's embodiments relate to random access in non-terrestrial networks (NTNs), i.e., in situations such as... Figure 1 In the illustrated communication system, network equipment includes devices such as drones, high-altitude platforms, and satellites that provide data transmission, voice communication, and other services to terminal devices.

[0078] NTN can provide communication services to areas where terrestrial networks cannot cover or have insufficient coverage; it can also provide stable emergency communications during natural disasters or large-scale events; it can provide high-quality communication services to users on transportation vehicles such as trains, ships, and airplanes; and it can also provide specialized services to government and enterprise users to meet specific business needs. In short, NTN can be applied to scenarios such as global coverage (e.g., signal coverage in remote areas and on ocean-going vessels), emergency relief (e.g., disaster monitoring and emergency communications), the Internet of Things, and high-speed mobility (e.g., high-speed rail and airplanes).

[0079] Compared to terrestrial communications, NTN (Network Telecommunications Network) offers wider coverage, higher path loss, greater latency, faster speeds, and lower costs, and has been widely applied in various fields such as aviation, military, and energy. Specifically, NTN can serve as a supplement and extension to terrestrial networks, achieving wide-area seamless coverage that wired telephone networks and terrestrial mobile communication networks cannot, effectively solving the internet access problem in areas with scarce communication infrastructure (e.g., remote areas and ocean-going vessels).

[0080] See Figures 2-4 , Figures 2-4 All of these are NTN architectures provided in the embodiments of this application. Taking a 5G system as an example, such as... Figures 2-4As shown, the NTN architecture includes terminal devices, satellites, 5G base stations (also known as terrestrial base stations, such as gNBs), ground stations (also known as gateways, earth stations, or inter-gateway stations), the 5G core network, and the data network (DN). Terminal devices access the wireless network through an air interface (e.g., the 5G air interface) to obtain data network services or to communicate with other devices (e.g., other terminal devices) through the wireless network.

[0081] like Figure 2 As shown, 5G base stations or some base station functions are deployed on satellites (i.e., satellite base stations). Terminal devices access the satellite through the air interface, and the satellite connects to the ground station through a wireless link, using the ground station to achieve mutual communication with the 5G core network.

[0082] like Figure 3 As shown, 5G base stations are deployed on the ground, terminal devices access satellites through air interfaces, satellites connect to ground stations through wireless links, and ground stations and 5G base stations communicate with each other through wired or wireless means with the 5G core network.

[0083] like Figure 4 As shown, in Figure 2 Based on this, multiple terminal devices (taking two terminal devices as an example) and multiple satellites (taking two satellites as an example) are added. There are wireless links between the satellites. If the satellite only has the function of transparent transmission and forwarding (that is, the corresponding 5G base station is deployed on the ground), then only transparent transmission and forwarding is realized between the satellites; if the 5G base station or part of the base station function is deployed on the satellite, then the satellites can complete the signaling interaction and user data transmission between the base stations.

[0084] The following is about Figures 2-4 This section describes the various devices or network elements and their interfaces: Terminal equipment: This can be mobile devices that support the new air interface, such as mobile phones and tablets. Terminal equipment can access the satellite network via the air interface and initiate services such as making calls and accessing the internet.

[0085] 5G base station: It can be a network device that mainly provides wireless access services, allocates wireless resources to access terminals, and provides reliable wireless transmission protocols and data encryption protocols, etc.

[0086] Satellites can be low Earth orbit (LEO) satellites, medium Earth orbit (MEO) satellites, geostationary Earth orbit (GEO) satellites, highly elliptical orbit (HEO) satellites, global navigation satellite system (GNSS) satellites, and high altitude platform stations (HAPS), etc. Among these, GNSS satellites typically belong to medium and high orbit satellites. This application does not limit the specific type of satellite.

[0087] 5G Core Network: Primarily provides services such as user access control, mobility management, session management, user security authentication, and billing. It consists of multiple functional units, which can be divided into control plane and data plane functional entities. The 5G core network can include network exposure function (NEF), policy control function (PCF), session management function (SMF), access and mobility management function (AMF), location management function (LMF), and user plane function (UPF). Specifically, the NEF exposes 3GPP network functions and capabilities to application functions (AF), and also allows AF to provide information to 3GPP network functions. The PCF manages billing policies and quality of service (QoS) policies. The SMF performs session management functions such as Internet Protocol (IP) address allocation for terminal devices, UPF selection, and billing and QoS policy control. The AMF is mainly responsible for user access management, security authentication, and mobility management. LMF is primarily responsible for managing and controlling location service requests from target terminals and processing location-related information. UPF is primarily responsible for managing user plane data transmission and traffic statistics.

[0088] Ground station: also known as gateway, earth station, signaling station, or gateway station, is mainly responsible for forwarding signaling and service data between satellite base stations and the 5G core network. One or more satellites can connect to one or more ground base stations through one or more gateways, without any restrictions.

[0089] Air interface: The wireless link between terminal equipment and 5G base station.

[0090] Xn interface: The interface between 5G base stations, mainly used for signaling interactions such as handover.

[0091] NG interface: The interface between 5G base stations and the core network, mainly used for exchanging non-access stratum (NAS) signaling of the core network and user service data.

[0092] This invention can be applied to 4G, 5G and other communication systems, involving wireless access devices such as terminal equipment, base stations, and ground stations, and performs uplink and downlink data communication based on wireless communication protocols. It should be noted that, in a 4G communication system, the Xn interface in the diagram is called the X2 interface, and the NG interface is called the S1 interface.

[0093] Generally speaking, the higher a satellite's orbit, the larger its coverage area, but the longer the communication latency. Based on orbital altitude, satellites can be classified as: Low Earth orbit (LEO): The orbital altitude is 160–2000 kilometers (km). Medium Earth Orbit (MEO): Orbital altitude ranges from 2000 to 35786 km; Geostationary Earth orbit (GEO): Orbital altitude is 35,786 km; GEO stands for Geostationary Earth Orbit, in which satellites are stationary relative to the Earth's surface. LEO and MEO are collectively referred to as non-geostationary orbits (NGSO), in which satellites move at high speeds relative to the Earth's surface. For example, a low Earth orbit satellite at an altitude of 600 km can reach speeds of up to 7.56 km / s.

[0094] For NGSO, depending on whether the satellite beam moves with the satellite, it can be further divided into Earth Moving Cell and Earth Fixed Cell. For Earth Moving Cell, the cell moves relative to the ground, and the satellite beam points to follow the satellite's movement; for Earth Fixed Cell, the cell is fixed relative to the ground for a certain period of time, and the satellite antenna can use its beamforming capability to fix the beam to a certain area on the ground for a certain period of time.

[0095] Based on their operating modes, satellites can generally be divided into two main categories. The first type is transparent relay, where the satellite relays cell information from terrestrial network equipment (such as next-generation Node-B, gNB). The satellite's role is radio frequency filtering, frequency conversion, and amplification; essentially, the satellite acts primarily as a Layer 1 relay, regenerating physical layer signals without any higher protocol layers. The second type is regenerative, where the satellite possesses the processing capabilities of a base station. Regenerative satellites can be further divided into regenerative satellites without inter-satellite links (ISL); regenerative satellites with inter-satellite links (where satellites have interfaces for direct data exchange, with the ISL being the Xn interface); and a third architecture where the satellite only has the processing capabilities of a distributed unit (DU) at the base station, in which case the satellite acts as a DU.

[0096] To facilitate understanding of the content of this solution, some terms used in the embodiments of this application will be explained below, so that those skilled in the art can understand them. This part is only for the purpose of understanding and should not be regarded as a specific limitation of this application.

[0097] I. Time Delay, Frequency Offset, and Time-Frequency Precompensation In satellite communication, satellite altitude and speed cause significant time delays and Doppler offsets. To maintain uplink time and frequency synchronization for normal network access, especially when accessing the network via a random access procedure, terminal equipment needs to pre-compensate for time offset (or simply time offset) and frequency offset (FO).

[0098] To achieve uplink time synchronization, the terminal device needs to estimate the timing advance (TA) to compensate for time offset. The transmission delay from the terminal device to the satellite can be calculated by the terminal device based on ephemeris information and Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) information, thus enabling time offset pre-compensation when transmitting uplink signals.

[0099] When achieving uplink frequency synchronization, the terminal device can calculate the Doppler frequency offset based on ephemeris information and GNSS information to obtain the crystal oscillator frequency offset, thereby performing frequency offset pre-compensation when transmitting uplink signals.

[0100] II. Random Access (RA) Procedure The random access process refers to the process from when a terminal sends a preamble to attempt to access the network until a basic signaling connection is established with the network. Through random access, a terminal can transition from an idle or inactive state to a connected state, establish various bearers with network devices, obtain necessary resources and parameter configurations, and then communicate with the network devices.

[0101] In one possible implementation, the terminal can establish a connection with the network device using a four-step random access method, specifically: 1. The terminal sends message 1 (Msg1) to the network device. Message 1 is used to request access to the network device. Specifically, the terminal device can determine the preamble and the location of the random access channel occasion (RACHOccasion, RO) based on the random access configuration information carried in the system information block (SIB). The terminal device can choose to send the preamble on the RO corresponding to the SSB. The preamble can also be called a preamble code, random access preamble (RACH preamble), random access preamble code, or random access sequence (RACH sequence). It can also be called a physical random access channel (PRACH), PRACH transmission, etc., and is used by the terminal device to initiate connection requests, handover requests, synchronization requests, or scheduling requests to the network device. The preamble sending process can also be understood as physical random access channel (PRACH) access. In some examples, sending Msg1 (preamble code) can also be understood as initiating random access.

[0102] 2. The network device sends message 2 (Msg2) to the terminal device.

[0103] Message 2, also known as a random access response (RAR) message, is the network device's response to the received message 1. Specifically, the network device sends the PDCCH and the physical downlink share channel (PDSCH) carrying message 2 to the terminal device. The downlink control information (DCI) message in the PDCCH is scrambled with the random access-radio network temporary identity (RA-RNTI). The terminal device determines the RA-RNTI based on the RO position of the previously transmitted preamble. If the terminal device can recover the PDCCH from the determined RA-RNTI, it can determine that its random access has been responded to, and then the terminal device can continue to receive message 2 in the PDSCH.

[0104] 3. The terminal device sends message 3 (Msg3) to the network device. Message 3 is used to request the establishment of a radio resource control (RRC) connection.

[0105] Message 3 may include terminal identification information, such as System Architecture Evolution Temporary Mobile Subscriber Identity (S-TMSI), Globally Unique Temporary Identity (GUTI), Resume ID, Radio Network Temporary Identifier (RNTI), or a random number, etc., without limitation. The RNTI here can be a Cell RNTI (C-RNTI) or an Inactive RNTI (I-RNTI), etc. Message 3 can also be called the first uplink scheduled transmission, which can be a transmission scheduled by ULgrant in Message 2, or a retransmission scheduled by DCI scrambled with Temporary Cell-Radio Network Temporary Identity (TC-RNTI).

[0106] 4. The network device sends message 4 (Msg4) to the terminal device. Message 4 is used to indicate that the terminal device has successfully connected, that is, the contention for random access has been successful.

[0107] Message 4 may include a contention resolution identity (CR ID). The CR ID is determined based on the terminal's identification information in message 3; for example, the CR ID may be part or all of the terminal's identification information. When the terminal receives message 4, it compares the CR ID with the terminal's identification information in message 3. If they match, the conflict is resolved successfully, indicating that the terminal has successfully accessed the network device. If the terminal does not receive message 4 or the CR ID does not match the terminal's identification information in message 3, the terminal can re-initiate random access. In some cases, Msg4 may also be referred to as a contention resolution message.

[0108] In another possible implementation, the terminal can establish a connection with the network device using a two-step random access method, specifically: 1. The terminal sends message A (MsgA) to the network device. Message A is used to request access to the network device.

[0109] Accordingly, the network device receives message A from the terminal. Message A includes a preamble. Optionally, the terminal sending message A to the network device can also be described as the terminal sending a preamble to the network device. The preamble can be used to request access to the network device. This preamble can be carried in the physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH).

[0110] Optionally, message A may also include data. This data may be carried in the physical uplink shared channel (PRACH). Optionally, message A may also include terminal identification information.

[0111] 2. The network device sends message B (MsgB) to the terminal.

[0112] Accordingly, the terminal receives message B from the network device. Message B may include one or more random access responses, including a success response (successRAR) or a fallback response (fallbackRAR). Optionally, message B may carry indication information indicating that the random access response in message B is a success random access response (successRAR) or a fallback random access response (fallbackRAR).

[0113] A successful random access response includes a CR ID. Optionally, a successful random access response may indicate that the network device detected the preamble and successfully decoded the data in message A. If the conflict resolution is successful, the terminal terminates the random access process; otherwise, the terminal may re-initiate random access.

[0114] A fallback random access response indicates that the network device detected the preamble but failed to decode the data in message A, meaning the terminal did not win in the two-step random access process. After receiving the fallback random access response, the terminal can fall back to the four-step random access mechanism, for example, by sending message 3 (Msg3) to the network device.

[0115] When GNSS signals fail due to interference, spoofing attacks, or environmental factors, terminal devices cannot obtain GNSS information, thus losing their ability to autonomously calculate TA and FO and pre-compensate for time delay and frequency offset.

[0116] In this case, you can refer to Figure 5 , Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram illustrating a common location reference point provided in an embodiment of this application. The network side can select a point with a known geographical location or the center point of the beam / cell within the current satellite beam range or cell of the terminal device as a common location reference point (e.g., Figure 5 (shown as the center point of the beam / cell), using the coordinates of the common location reference point and the satellite ephemeris, the propagation delay and Doppler frequency shift from the satellite to the reference point are pre-calculated, and based on the propagation delay and Doppler frequency shift, the common TA and common FO are indicated to the terminal equipment in the beam / cell so that the terminal equipment can perform initial time and frequency offset pre-compensation.

[0117] Terminal devices can perform a two-dimensional blind search in time and frequency domains based on the common TA and common FO. For example, they can perform a two-dimensional iterative search in the time and frequency domains until a suitable TA and FO are found, so that the terminal devices can access the network normally.

[0118] However, two-dimensional blind search is inefficient and requires significant computational resources, which is not conducive to efficient and stable network access for terminal devices.

[0119] Figure 6 This is a flowchart illustrating a communication method provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 6 As shown, the entity executing this communication method can be the terminal device and network device mentioned above. Alternatively, Figure 6 The device executing the method shown can be a chip in a terminal device or a chip in a network device; this application does not limit this. This is for ease of description. Figure 6 The method will be explained using terminal devices and network devices as examples.

[0120] S601. The terminal device receives first instruction information from the network device; correspondingly, the network device sends first instruction information to the terminal device.

[0121] The first indication information indicates the TA value and / or FO value, and is used to determine the time-frequency pre-compensation iteration strategy for the uplink.

[0122] S602. The terminal device determines the time-frequency pre-compensation iteration strategy for the uplink based on the first indication information.

[0123] S603. The terminal device initiates random access to the network device based on the TA value and / or FO value and according to the time-frequency pre-compensation iteration strategy; correspondingly, the network device receives the random access initiated by the terminal device based on the first indication information.

[0124] The terminal device sends a preamble to the network device to initiate random access.

[0125] It is understood that the TA and FO values ​​indicated in the first indication information can be the public TA and public FO values ​​associated with the public location reference point as described above. For ease of description, in this application, the public TA can be denoted as... Public FO can be denoted as The first instruction information, in addition to instructing the terminal device... and It can also be used to instruct terminal devices on the time-frequency pre-compensation iteration strategy for the uplink. Thus, based on the first instruction information, the terminal device can determine the... and / or The corresponding time-frequency pre-compensation iterative strategy, based on and / or It initiates random access based on the corresponding time-frequency pre-compensation iterative strategy, which can adapt to various communication environments with different requirements for TA and FO. It avoids blind time-frequency two-dimensional search occupying a lot of resources and causing inefficiency. It can use appropriate time-frequency pre-compensation iterative strategies to achieve efficient and stable access for various communication environments.

[0126] In some embodiments, the first indication information may indicate a reference elevation angle and an elevation angle threshold, which are used to determine the time-frequency pre-compensation iteration strategy. For example, the reference elevation angle may be the elevation angle formed between the common location reference point and the satellite as described above. For ease of description, in this application, the reference elevation angle may be denoted as... .

[0127] It is understandable that when the satellite elevation angle is low (e.g., 30°), the differential delay between terminal devices within the cell is large and the differential frequency is small; while when the satellite elevation angle is high (e.g., 90°), the differential delay between terminal devices within the cell is small and the differential frequency is large.

[0128] Therefore, at low elevation angles, the latency difference between terminal devices within a cell and the common location reference point can be significant. The time-of-use (TA) becomes a major factor affecting whether the terminal device can access the network normally, requiring a suitable TA for successful network access. In some cases, this can also be described as uplink or system latency limitations.

[0129] At high elevation angles, the frequency offset between the terminal equipment within the cell and the common location reference point may differ significantly. The frequency offset (FO) becomes a major factor affecting whether the terminal equipment can access the network normally, requiring a suitable FO for successful network access. In some cases, this can also be described as uplink or system limitations due to frequency offset.

[0130] Based on this, the network device indicates the reference elevation angle and elevation angle threshold to the terminal device through the first indication information, so that the terminal device can determine whether it needs to obtain a suitable TA or a suitable FO, so that it can access the network normally.

[0131] In some embodiments, the elevation angle threshold may include a first elevation angle threshold and a second elevation angle threshold. The first elevation angle threshold is used to determine whether a suitable Transmission Aspect (TA) is needed for normal network access, and the second elevation angle threshold is used to determine whether a suitable Forward Optical Array (FO) is needed for normal network access. For ease of description, in this application, the first elevation angle threshold can be referred to as... The second elevation angle threshold can be denoted as .

[0132] In this case, the terminal device determines the time-frequency pre-compensation iteration strategy for the uplink based on the first indication information, which may include: determining the time-frequency pre-compensation iteration strategy for the uplink based on the comparison result between the reference elevation angle and the first elevation angle threshold and the second elevation angle threshold.

[0133] More specifically, based on the comparison results between the reference elevation angle and the first elevation angle threshold and the second elevation angle threshold, a time-frequency pre-compensation iterative strategy for the uplink is determined, which may include: Based on the fact that the reference elevation angle is less than the first elevation angle threshold and the reference elevation angle is less than the second elevation angle threshold, the first iteration strategy is determined to be a time-frequency pre-compensation iteration strategy, wherein the first iteration strategy is a strategy of time-domain iteration of the TA value; Based on the fact that the reference elevation angle is greater than the first elevation angle threshold and the reference elevation angle is greater than the second elevation angle threshold, the second iteration strategy is determined to be a time-frequency pre-compensation iteration strategy, wherein the second iteration strategy is a strategy of frequency domain iteration of the FO value; Based on the fact that the second elevation angle threshold is less than the reference elevation angle and the reference elevation angle is less than the first elevation angle threshold, the third iteration strategy is determined to be a time-frequency pre-compensation iteration strategy, wherein the third iteration strategy is a strategy of time-frequency domain iteration of TA value and FO value. Based on the fact that the first elevation angle threshold is less than the reference elevation angle, and the reference elevation angle is less than the second elevation angle threshold, it is determined that no iteration is required.

[0134] For example, in ≤ min{ , In this case, it can be assumed that the uplink or system is mainly limited by latency. The latency difference between the terminal device within the cell and the common location reference point may be large, and the terminal device cannot rely on the common TA (Temporal Reference Point). Instead, a suitable TA (Transmission Acquisition Target) is required for normal network access. Therefore, the terminal device can set the iteration strategy to the first iteration strategy, "TA iteration only," to... Based on this, a temporal iterative search is performed.

[0135] For example, in ≥ max{ , In this case, the uplink or system can be considered to be mainly limited by frequency offset. The frequency offset between the terminal equipment in the cell and the common location reference point may differ significantly, and the terminal equipment cannot rely on the common FO (Frequency Offset). Instead, a suitable FO (Focus Optimizer) is required for normal network access. Therefore, the terminal device can set the iteration strategy to the second iteration strategy, "FO iteration only," to... Frequency domain iterative search is performed based on this.

[0136] For example, in < < In such cases, it can be assumed that the uplink or system is simultaneously limited by latency and frequency offset. The latency and frequency offset between the terminal equipment within the cell and the common location reference point may differ significantly, and the terminal equipment cannot rely on the common TA (Temporal and Frequency Offset Reference Point). ) and public FO ( Instead, it requires both appropriate TA and FO for normal network access. Therefore, the terminal device can set the iteration strategy to the third iteration strategy, "iterate on TA and FO," to achieve this. and Based on this, a two-dimensional iterative search in the time-frequency domain is performed.

[0137] For example, in < < In this case, the uplink or system can be considered unaffected by latency and frequency offset. The latency and frequency offset differences between the terminal equipment and the common location reference point within the cell are not significant, and the terminal equipment can refer to the common TA (Temporal and Frequency Offset Reference Point). ) and public FO ( It performs uplink transmission and connects to the network normally.

[0138] It is understood that the above expressions of inequalities are merely examples and not limitations. The specific expressions of inequalities can be any suitable form that satisfies the spirit of this application, and this application does not limit them.

[0139] Based on this implementation, the corresponding iterative strategy is determined by comparing the reference elevation angle with the first elevation threshold and the second elevation threshold. Except when the uplink or system is simultaneously constrained by latency and frequency offset, which still requires a two-dimensional iterative search in the time and frequency domain, the two-dimensional search can be reduced to a one-dimensional search, or even no iterative search is required. This greatly reduces resource consumption and improves system efficiency.

[0140] In some embodiments, the elevation angle threshold may include a first elevation angle threshold but not necessarily a second elevation angle threshold.

[0141] For example, in some cases, the network device believes that the differential frequency offset in the cell is small enough and the system is not affected by the frequency offset. The terminal device needs to determine whether it is affected by the time delay. The elevation angle threshold indicated by the first indication information may only include the first elevation angle threshold.

[0142] In some examples, the first indication information may also include an indication that the terminal device does not need to perform a frequency domain iterative search on the FO.

[0143] In this case, the terminal device determines the time-frequency pre-compensation iteration strategy for the uplink based on the first indication information, which may include: determining the time-frequency pre-compensation iteration strategy for the uplink based on the comparison result between the reference elevation angle and the first elevation angle threshold.

[0144] More specifically, based on the comparison between the reference elevation angle and the first elevation angle threshold, a time-frequency pre-compensation iterative strategy for the uplink is determined, which may include: Based on the fact that the reference elevation angle is less than the first elevation angle threshold, the first iteration strategy is determined to be a time-frequency pre-compensation iteration strategy, wherein the first iteration strategy is a strategy of time-domain iteration of the TA value; Since the reference elevation angle is greater than the first elevation angle threshold, it is determined that no iteration is needed.

[0145] For example, in some cases, network devices believe that the differential frequency offset in the cell is large enough that the system will definitely be limited by the frequency offset. The terminal device needs to determine whether it is also limited by the latency. The elevation angle threshold indicated by the first indication information may only include the first elevation angle threshold.

[0146] In some examples, the first indication information may also include an indication that the terminal device needs to perform a frequency domain iterative search on the FO.

[0147] In this case, the terminal device determines the time-frequency pre-compensation iteration strategy for the uplink based on the first indication information, which may also include: determining the time-frequency pre-compensation iteration strategy for the uplink based on the comparison result between the reference elevation angle and the first elevation angle threshold.

[0148] More specifically, based on the comparison between the reference elevation angle and the first elevation angle threshold, a time-frequency pre-compensation iterative strategy for the uplink is determined, which may include: Based on the fact that the reference elevation angle is less than the first elevation angle threshold, the third iteration strategy is determined to be a time-frequency pre-compensation iteration strategy, wherein the third iteration strategy is a strategy of time-frequency domain iteration of TA value and FO value; Based on the reference elevation angle being greater than the first elevation angle threshold, the second iteration strategy is determined to be a time-frequency pre-compensation iteration strategy, wherein the second iteration strategy is a strategy of frequency domain iteration of the FO value.

[0149] In some embodiments, the elevation angle threshold may include a second elevation angle threshold instead of necessarily including a first elevation angle threshold.

[0150] For example, in some cases, when the network device believes that the differential latency in the cell is small enough and the system is not limited by latency, and the terminal device needs to determine whether it is limited by frequency offset, the elevation angle threshold indicated by the first indication information may only include the second elevation angle threshold.

[0151] In some examples, the first indication information may also include an indication that the terminal device does not need to perform a time-domain iterative search on the TA.

[0152] In this case, the terminal device determines the time-frequency pre-compensation iteration strategy for the uplink based on the first indication information, which may include: determining the time-frequency pre-compensation iteration strategy for the uplink based on the comparison result between the reference elevation angle and the second elevation angle threshold.

[0153] More specifically, based on the comparison between the reference elevation angle and the second elevation angle threshold, the time-frequency pre-compensation iterative strategy for the uplink is determined, which may include: Based on the reference elevation angle being greater than the second elevation angle threshold, the second iteration strategy is determined to be a time-frequency pre-compensation iteration strategy, wherein the second iteration strategy is a strategy of frequency domain iteration of the FO value; Since the reference elevation angle is less than the second elevation angle threshold, it is determined that no iteration is needed.

[0154] For example, in some cases, when network devices believe that the differential latency in the cell is large enough and the system will definitely be limited by the latency, and terminal devices need to determine whether they are also limited by frequency offset, the elevation angle threshold indicated by the first indication information may only include the second elevation angle threshold.

[0155] In some examples, the first indication information may also include an indication to the terminal device that it needs to perform a time-domain iterative search on the TA.

[0156] In this case, the terminal device determines the time-frequency pre-compensation iteration strategy for the uplink based on the first indication information, which may also include: determining the time-frequency pre-compensation iteration strategy for the uplink based on the comparison result between the reference elevation angle and the second elevation angle threshold.

[0157] More specifically, based on the comparison between the reference elevation angle and the second elevation angle threshold, the time-frequency pre-compensation iterative strategy for the uplink is determined, which may include: Based on the reference elevation angle being greater than the second elevation angle threshold, the third iteration strategy is determined to be a time-frequency pre-compensation iteration strategy, wherein the third iteration strategy is a strategy of time-frequency domain iteration of TA value and FO value; Based on the fact that the reference elevation angle is less than the second elevation angle threshold, the first iteration strategy is determined to be a time-frequency pre-compensation iteration strategy, wherein the first iteration strategy is a strategy for time-domain iteration of the TA value.

[0158] Based on this implementation method, network devices can flexibly adapt the signaling format according to the network environment, which helps to save signaling overhead and reduce the occupation of control resources.

[0159] Furthermore, after the terminal device determines the time-frequency pre-compensation iteration strategy based on the reference elevation angle and elevation threshold indicated by the first indication information, the terminal device initiates random access to the network device based on the TA value and / or FO value and according to the time-frequency pre-compensation iteration strategy, which may include: When the time-frequency pre-compensation iteration strategy is the first iteration strategy, when the RAR times out, the TA value is iterated in the time domain according to the first iteration strategy, and random access is initiated to the network device based on the TA value obtained after iteration. When the time-frequency pre-compensation iteration strategy is the second iteration strategy, when the RAR times out, the FO value is iterated in the frequency domain according to the second iteration strategy, and random access is initiated to the network device based on the FO value obtained after iteration. When the time-frequency pre-compensation iteration strategy is the third iteration strategy, when the RAR times out, the TA value and FO value are iterated in the time-frequency domain according to the third iteration strategy, and random access is initiated to the network device based on the TA value and FO value obtained after iteration.

[0160] The first indication information sent by the network device to the terminal device can indicate not only the reference elevation angle and elevation threshold, but also the time-domain iteration step size Δt for iterating the TA, and the frequency-domain iteration step size Δf for iterating the FO.

[0161] Alternatively, the time-domain iteration step size Δt and the frequency-domain iteration step size Δf can be pre-configured through the protocol, or they can be determined by the terminal itself, for example, depending on the terminal's capabilities or specific implementation.

[0162] Optionally, the maximum number of iterations can also be configured, for example, the maximum number of time-domain iterations N. TA And the maximum number of iterations N in the frequency domain FO .

[0163] See Figure 7 , Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram illustrating a random access method initiated based on a time-frequency pre-compensation iterative strategy, as provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 7 As shown, the entity performing this operation can be the aforementioned terminal device. Alternatively, Figure 7 The entity performing the operation shown can be a chip in the terminal device; this application embodiment does not limit this. That is to say, Figure 7 An exemplary procedure is illustrated for the terminal to initiate a random access operation based on a time-frequency pre-compensation iterative strategy. (This is for ease of description.) Figure 7 The method will be explained using a terminal device as the executing entity.

[0164] 701. The terminal device sends a preamble to the network device to initiate random access.

[0165] After receiving the first indication information, the terminal device can, based on the TA and / or FO indicated by the first indication information, that is, and / or It sends the preamble it selects to the network device.

[0166] 702. In response to a RAR timeout, iterate the TA and / or FO according to the time-frequency pre-compensation iteration strategy, and send the selected preamble to the network device based on the iterated TA and / or FO.

[0167] In the event of a RAR timeout, the terminal device can infer that the inaccurate TA and / or FO precompensation caused the gNB to fail to detect the preamble, and then iterate the TA and / or FO according to the determined time-frequency precompensation iteration strategy.

[0168] When the time-frequency pre-compensation iteration strategy is the first iteration strategy, the TA value is iterated in the time domain according to the first iteration strategy, that is, = + Δt, i=1,2,…, And based on the TA value obtained after iteration, initiate random access to the network device; When the time-frequency pre-compensation iteration strategy is the second iteration strategy, the FO value is iterated in the frequency domain according to the second iteration strategy, that is, = + Δf, j=1,2,…, And based on the FO value obtained after iteration, initiate random access to the network device; When the time-frequency pre-compensation iteration strategy is the third iteration strategy, the TA value and FO value are iterated in the time-frequency domain according to the third iteration strategy, that is, = + Δt, i=1,2,…, , = + Δf, j=1,2,…, Based on the TA and FO values ​​obtained after iteration, a random access is initiated to the network device.

[0169] 703. The terminal device received a RAR from the network device.

[0170] The terminal device sends a preamble to the network device using an iterative method as described in section 602, based on different TAs and / or FOs, until a suitable TA and / or FO is found that enables the network device to detect the preamble. The terminal device can then receive a RAR from the network device.

[0171] In some embodiments, the method may further include: the terminal device performing backoff retransmission in response to a contention resolution timeout; and, in the event of a RAR timeout after retransmission, using a corresponding iterative strategy to iteratively update the TA value and / or FO value to initiate random access to the network device again.

[0172] Once the network device correctly detects the preamble and returns RAR, the terminal device will send message 3 (Msg3) to the network device and wait to receive message 4 (Msg4) from the network device, which is the contention resolution message.

[0173] In some cases, there may be a timeout for receiving Msg4, or the terminal device may not receive Msg4.

[0174] In response to a timeout in receiving Msg4, the terminal device can first perform a backoff retransmission, retransmitting the preamble based on the same TA and / or FO parameters as the previously transmitted preamble to avoid preamble collisions. If the RAR times out again after the retransmission, then... Figure 7The described method iterates the TA and / or FO parameters and re-initiates random access to avoid network access failure due to TA and / or FO parameter errors.

[0175] Based on this implementation, the terminal device can distinguish between two failure causes: "preamble collision" and "parameter error". This avoids wasting time on backoff when there is a parameter error, and also avoids incorrectly modifying the correct parameters when there is a collision, significantly improving the access success rate and recovery speed.

[0176] The foregoing has described in detail various implementations of the terminal device determining the time-frequency pre-compensation iteration strategy based on the reference elevation angle and elevation threshold indicated by the first indication information. In some embodiments, the network device can directly determine the terminal device's time-frequency pre-compensation iteration strategy based on the reference elevation angle and elevation threshold, and instruct the terminal device through the first indication information. That is, the first indication information can also display the uplink time-frequency pre-compensation iteration strategy. The method by which the network device determines the time-frequency pre-compensation iteration strategy based on the reference elevation angle and elevation threshold is similar to the method described above for the terminal device to determine the time-frequency pre-compensation iteration strategy based on the reference elevation angle and elevation threshold, and will not be repeated here.

[0177] In some embodiments, the first indication information is further used to configure a first resource pool, the first resource pool including a first preamble and a second preamble, wherein, when the time-frequency precompensation iteration strategy is the first iteration strategy, the preamble for random access is the first preamble, and when the time-frequency precompensation iteration strategy is the second iteration strategy, the preamble for random access is the second preamble.

[0178] Network devices can configure terminal devices with a first preamble adapted to the first iteration strategy and a second preamble adapted to the second iteration strategy.

[0179] As described above, the first iteration strategy is determined to be a time-frequency pre-compensation iteration strategy due to uplink or system latency constraints. Therefore, the first preamble adapted to the first iteration strategy can be a preamble that can tolerate large differential latency. The second iteration strategy is determined to be a time-frequency pre-compensation iteration strategy due to uplink or system frequency offset constraints. Therefore, the second preamble adapted to the second iteration strategy can be a preamble that can tolerate Doppler frequency offset.

[0180] Optionally, the first preamble and the second preamble may differ in at least the sequence length, sequence type, and sequence format.

[0181] For example, the first preamble can be a long sequence preamble, and the second preamble can be a short sequence preamble. The first preamble (such as a long sequence) usually has a large cyclic prefix (CP) to tolerate a large differential time delay; the second preamble (such as a short sequence) usually has a large subcarrier spacing (SCS) to tolerate a large Doppler frequency offset.

[0182] For example, the first preamble can be a Zadoff-Chu (ZC) sequence, and the second preamble can be a Gold sequence or an m sequence.

[0183] In this case, the network device receiving the random access initiated by the terminal device based on the first indication information may include: receiving the terminal device selecting a first preamble or a second preamble based on the first indication information, wherein the first preamble or the second preamble corresponds to the time-frequency pre-compensation iteration strategy.

[0184] Based on this implementation, for different network environments, a more suitable preamble can be selected from the preamble resource pool after determining the iteration strategy. This can reduce search complexity and save computing resources, while further improving system stability and performance, enabling terminal devices to access the network more efficiently and stably.

[0185] In some embodiments, the first indication information is further used to configure a second resource pool, the second resource pool including one or more preambles; wherein the first resource pool is used to initiate random access when the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) is unavailable, and the second resource pool is used to initiate random access when GNSS is available.

[0186] The preamble for the second resource pool differs from that of the first resource pool and can be used for random access in GNSS-enabled scenarios. The configuration of the preamble for the second resource pool can be found in existing technologies and will not be elaborated upon here.

[0187] Based on this implementation, interference between the preamble of the first resource pool and the preamble of the second resource pool can be avoided. In particular, the preamble of the first resource pool involves multiple iterations of transmission of TA and / or FO. By distinguishing between the first and second resource pools, interference between the preamble of GNSS-unavailable terminal devices and the random access of GNSS-available terminal devices can be avoided.

[0188] In some embodiments, if it is determined that no iteration is required, the preamble for random access is a preamble from a second resource pool.

[0189] If it is determined that no iteration is required, the terminal device can reuse the preamble of the second resource pool to initiate random access.

[0190] This implementation approach helps reduce preamble configuration and signaling overhead, and reusing the preamble from the second resource pool also simplifies hardware implementation.

[0191] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a communication device provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 8 The communication device 800 shown can be a terminal device, a device within a terminal device, or a device compatible with a terminal device; or Figure 8 The communication device shown can be a network device, a device within a network device, or a device that can be used in conjunction with a network device.

[0192] Figure 8 The communication device 800 shown may include a communication unit 801 and a processing unit 802.

[0193] The communication unit 801 can implement corresponding communication functions, which can be internal communication functions of the communication device 800 or communication functions between the communication device 800 and other devices. Optionally, the communication unit 801 can also be referred to as a communication interface or transceiver unit.

[0194] The processing unit 802 is used to process data, which may be data received by the communication unit 801, and the processed data may also be sent by the communication unit 801. The processing unit 802 is also used to perform the data processing function of the terminal device or network device in the foregoing method embodiments to achieve the corresponding processing function.

[0195] Optionally, the communication device 800 further includes a storage module, which can be used to store instructions and / or data; the processing unit 802 can read the instructions and / or data in the storage module so that the communication device 800 can implement the aforementioned method embodiments.

[0196] In one possible design, the communication device 800 may correspond to the terminal device in the above method embodiments, or a component (such as a circuit, chip, or chip system) configured in the terminal device. The communication device 800 can be used to perform the steps or processes performed by the network device in any of the above method embodiments.

[0197] For example, the communication unit 801 is used to receive first indication information from the network device, wherein the first indication information indicates a timing advance (TA) value and / or a frequency offset (FO) value, and is used to determine a time-frequency pre-compensation iteration strategy for the uplink.

[0198] The processing unit 802 is used to determine the time-frequency pre-compensation iteration strategy for the uplink based on the first indication information.

[0199] The communication unit 801 is used to initiate random access to the network device based on the TA value and / or FO value and according to the time-frequency pre-compensation iterative strategy.

[0200] Based on this implementation method, random access can be initiated based on the TA value and / or FO value and according to the time-frequency pre-compensation iterative strategy. This approach can adapt to various communication environments with different requirements for TA and FO values, and can achieve efficient and stable access for various communication environments by using appropriate time-frequency pre-compensation iterative strategies.

[0201] In one implementation, the first indication information indicates a reference elevation angle and an elevation angle threshold, the elevation angle threshold including a first elevation angle threshold and / or a second elevation angle threshold, wherein the reference elevation angle and the elevation angle threshold are used to determine the time-frequency pre-compensation iteration strategy.

[0202] In one implementation, determining a time-frequency pre-compensation iteration strategy for the uplink based on first indication information includes: determining the time-frequency pre-compensation iteration strategy for the uplink based on a comparison result between a reference elevation angle and an elevation angle threshold.

[0203] In one implementation, a time-frequency pre-compensation iterative strategy for the uplink is determined based on a comparison between a reference elevation angle and an elevation angle threshold, including: Based on the fact that the reference elevation angle is less than the first elevation angle threshold and the reference elevation angle is less than the second elevation angle threshold, the first iteration strategy is determined to be a time-frequency pre-compensation iteration strategy, wherein the first iteration strategy is a strategy of time-domain iteration of the TA value; Based on the fact that the reference elevation angle is greater than the first elevation angle threshold and the reference elevation angle is greater than the second elevation angle threshold, the second iteration strategy is determined to be a time-frequency pre-compensation iteration strategy, wherein the second iteration strategy is a strategy of frequency domain iteration of the FO value; Based on the fact that the second elevation angle threshold is less than the reference elevation angle and the reference elevation angle is less than the first elevation angle threshold, the third iteration strategy is determined to be a time-frequency pre-compensation iteration strategy, wherein the third iteration strategy is a strategy of time-frequency domain iteration of TA value and FO value. Based on the fact that the first elevation angle threshold is less than the reference elevation angle, and the reference elevation angle is less than the second elevation angle threshold, it is determined that no iteration is required.

[0204] In one implementation, a time-frequency pre-compensation iterative strategy for the uplink is determined based on a comparison between a reference elevation angle and an elevation angle threshold, including: Based on the reference elevation angle being less than the first elevation angle threshold, the first iteration strategy is determined to be the time-frequency pre-compensation iteration strategy, or the three iteration strategies are determined to be the time-frequency pre-compensation iteration strategy. The first iteration strategy is a strategy for time-domain iteration of the TA value, and the third iteration strategy is a strategy for time-frequency domain iteration of the TA value and the FO value. Based on the reference elevation angle being greater than the first elevation angle threshold, it is determined that no iteration is required, or the second iteration strategy is determined as a time-frequency pre-compensation iteration strategy, wherein the second iteration strategy is a strategy of frequency domain iteration of the FO value.

[0205] In one implementation, a time-frequency pre-compensation iterative strategy for the uplink is determined based on a comparison between a reference elevation angle and a second elevation angle threshold, including: Based on the reference elevation angle being greater than the second elevation angle threshold, the second iteration strategy is determined to be a time-frequency pre-compensation iteration strategy, or the third iteration strategy is determined to be a time-frequency pre-compensation iteration strategy. The second iteration strategy is a strategy of frequency domain iteration of the FO value, and the third iteration strategy is a strategy of time-frequency domain iteration of the TA value and the FO value. Based on the reference elevation angle being less than the second elevation angle threshold, it is determined that no iteration is required, or an iteration strategy is determined as a time-frequency pre-compensation iteration strategy, wherein the first iteration strategy is a strategy for time-domain iteration of the TA value.

[0206] In one implementation, random access is initiated to the network device based on the TA value and / or FO value and according to a time-frequency pre-compensation iterative strategy, including: When the time-frequency pre-compensation iteration strategy is the first iteration strategy, when the random access response (RAR) times out, the TA value is iterated in the time domain according to the first iteration strategy, and a random access is initiated to the network device based on the TA value obtained after iteration. When the time-frequency pre-compensation iteration strategy is the second iteration strategy, when the RAR times out, the FO value is iterated in the frequency domain according to the second iteration strategy, and random access is initiated to the network device based on the FO value obtained after iteration. When the time-frequency pre-compensation iteration strategy is the third iteration strategy, when the RAR times out, the TA value and FO value are iterated in the time-frequency domain according to the third iteration strategy, and random access is initiated to the network device based on the TA value and FO value obtained after iteration.

[0207] In one implementation, the processing unit 802 is further configured to perform backoff retransmission in response to a contention-resolved timeout; and in the event of a RAR timeout after retransmission, to iteratively update the TA value and / or FO value using a corresponding iterative strategy to initiate random access to the network device again.

[0208] In one implementation, the first indication information is further used to configure a first resource pool, the first resource pool including a first preamble and a second preamble, wherein, when the time-frequency pre-compensation iteration strategy is the first iteration strategy, the preamble for random access is the first preamble, and when the time-frequency pre-compensation iteration strategy is the second iteration strategy, the preamble for random access is the second preamble.

[0209] In one implementation, the first indication information is further used to configure a second resource pool, which includes one or more preambles; wherein the first resource pool is used to initiate random access when the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) is unavailable, and the second resource pool is used to initiate random access when GNSS is available.

[0210] In one implementation, if it is determined that no iteration is required, the preamble for random access is the preamble from the second resource pool.

[0211] The above are merely examples; for detailed steps or procedures, please refer to the descriptions in the foregoing embodiments.

[0212] In one possible design, the communication device 800 may correspond to the network device in the above method embodiments, or to a component (such as a circuit, chip, or chip system) configured in the network device. The communication device 800 can be used to perform the steps or processes performed by the network device in any of the above method embodiments.

[0213] For example, the communication unit 801 is used to send first indication information to the terminal device, wherein the first indication information indicates the timing advance TA value and / or frequency offset FO value, and is used to determine the time-frequency pre-compensation iteration strategy for the uplink.

[0214] The communication unit 801 is also used to receive random access initiated by the terminal device based on the first indication information.

[0215] Based on this implementation method, terminal devices can initiate random access based on TA value and / or FO value and according to time-frequency pre-compensation iterative strategy. It can adapt to various communication environments with different requirements for TA value and FO value, and can use appropriate time-frequency pre-compensation iterative strategy for various communication environments to achieve efficient and stable access.

[0216] In one implementation, the first indication information indicates a reference elevation angle and an elevation angle threshold, the elevation angle threshold including a first elevation angle threshold and / or a second elevation angle threshold, wherein the reference elevation angle and the elevation angle threshold are used to determine the time-frequency pre-compensation iteration strategy.

[0217] In one implementation, the uplink time-frequency pre-compensation iteration strategy is determined based on the comparison between the reference elevation angle and the elevation angle threshold.

[0218] In one implementation, the first indication information is further used to configure a first resource pool, the first resource pool including a first preamble and a second preamble, and receiving random access initiated by the receiving terminal device based on the first indication information includes: receiving the first preamble or the second preamble selected by the receiving terminal device based on the first indication information, wherein the first preamble or the second preamble corresponds to the time-frequency pre-compensation iteration strategy.

[0219] In one implementation, the first preamble and the second preamble are distinguished based on at least one of the following characteristics: preamble sequence length; preamble sequence type.

[0220] In one implementation, the first indication information is further used to configure a second resource pool, wherein the first resource pool is used to initiate random access when the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) is unavailable, and the second resource pool is used to initiate random access when GNSS is available.

[0221] The above are merely examples; for detailed steps or procedures, please refer to the descriptions in the foregoing embodiments.

[0222] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of a communication device provided in an embodiment of this application. The communication device 900 can be a terminal device or a network device in the above method embodiments, or it can be a chip, chip system, or processor that supports the terminal device or network device in implementing the above methods. This communication device can be used to implement the methods described in the above method embodiments, and for details, please refer to the description in the above method embodiments.

[0223] like Figure 9 As shown, the communication device 900 may include one or more processors 901. The processor 901, also called a processing unit or processing module, can implement certain control functions. The processor 901 can be a general-purpose processor or a dedicated processor, such as a baseband processor or a central processing unit. The baseband processor can be used to process communication protocols and communication data, while the central processing unit can be used to control the communication device (e.g., base station, baseband chip, terminal, terminal chip, DU or CU, etc.), execute software programs, and process data from the software programs.

[0224] In an alternative design, the processor 901 may also store instructions and / or data, which can be executed by the processor 901 to cause the communication device 900 to perform the methods described in the above method embodiments.

[0225] Optionally, the communication device 900 may include one or more memories 902, which may store second instructions 904. The second instructions 904 can be executed on the processor 901, causing the communication device 900 to perform the methods described in the above method embodiments. Optionally, the memories 902 may also store data. The processor 901 and the memories 902 may be provided separately or integrated together.

[0226] Optionally, the communication device 900 may further include a transceiver 905 and an antenna 906. The transceiver 905, also known as a transceiver unit, transceiver, or transceiver circuit, is used to implement transceiver functions. The transceiver 905 may include a receiver and a transmitter. The receiver, also known as a receiver circuit, is used to implement a receiving function; the transmitter, also known as a transmitter or transmitting circuit, is used to implement a transmitting function. The transceiver circuits, interfaces, interface circuits, or transceivers used to implement receiving and transmitting functions may be separate or integrated. The aforementioned transceiver circuits, interfaces, interface circuits, or transceivers can be used for reading and writing code / data, or for transmitting or transmitting signals. Figure 8 The processing unit 802 shown can be a processor 901. The communication unit 801 can be a transceiver 905.

[0227] In another possible design, the processor 901 may include a transceiver for implementing receive and transmit functions. For example, the transceiver may be a transceiver circuit, an interface, or an interface circuit. The transceiver circuit, interface, or interface circuit for implementing receive and transmit functions may be separate or integrated. The aforementioned transceiver circuit, interface, or interface circuit may be used for reading and writing code / data, or for transmitting or relaying signals.

[0228] In another possible design, the processor 901 may optionally store a first instruction 903, which, when executed on the processor 901, causes the communication device 900 to perform the method described in the above method embodiments. The first instruction 903 may be embedded in the processor 901; in this case, the processor 901 may be implemented in hardware.

[0229] It should be understood that, in one possible design, the steps in the method embodiments provided in this application can be implemented by integrated logic circuits in the processor's hardware or by instructions in software form. The steps of the methods disclosed in the embodiments of this application can be directly implemented by a hardware processor, or implemented by a combination of hardware and software modules in the processor. The software modules can reside in random access memory, flash memory, read-only memory, programmable read-only memory, electrically erasable programmable memory, registers, or other mature storage media in the art. This storage medium is located in memory, and the processor reads information from the memory and, in conjunction with its hardware, completes the steps of the above method. To avoid repetition, detailed descriptions are not provided here.

[0230] In one implementation, the communication device 900 may correspond to the terminal device in the above method embodiments, and may be used to execute the various steps and / or processes executed by the terminal device in the above method embodiments. The processor 901 may be used to execute instructions stored in the memory 902, and when the processor 901 executes the instructions stored in the memory, the processor 901 is used to execute the various steps and / or processes of the above method embodiments corresponding to the terminal device.

[0231] In another implementation, the communication device 900 may correspond to the network device in the above method embodiments and may be used to execute the various steps and / or processes executed by the terminal device in the above method embodiments. The processor 901 may be used to execute instructions stored in the memory 902, and when the processor 901 executes the instructions stored in the memory, the processor 901 is used to execute the various steps and / or processes of the above method embodiments corresponding to the network device.

[0232] The communication device described in the above embodiments may be a terminal device or a network device, but the scope of the communication device described in the embodiments of this application is not limited to this, and the structure of the communication device may vary. Figure 9 The communication device can be a standalone device or part of a larger device. For example, the communication device can be: (1) Independent integrated circuit IC, or chip, or chip system or subsystem; (2) A collection of one or more ICs, optionally including a storage component for storing data and instructions; (3) ASIC, such as modem (MSM); (4) Modules that can be embedded in other devices; (5) Receivers, terminals, smart terminals, cellular phones, wireless devices, handheld devices, mobile units, vehicle-mounted devices, network devices, cloud devices, artificial intelligence devices, etc.; (6) Others, etc.

[0233] For cases where the communication device can be a chip or a chip system, please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 10 The diagram shows the structure of the chip. Figure 10 The chip 1000 shown includes a processor 1001 and an interface 1002. Optionally, it may also include a memory 1003. The number of processors 1001 can be one or more, and the number of interfaces 1002 can be multiple.

[0234] For cases where the chip is used to implement the terminal device or network device in the embodiments of this application: Interface 1002 is used to receive or output signals; Processor 1001 is used to perform data processing operations on terminal devices or network devices.

[0235] It is understood that some optional features in the embodiments of this application can be implemented independently in certain scenarios without relying on other features, such as the current solution on which they are based, to solve the corresponding technical problems and achieve the corresponding effects. Alternatively, they can be combined with other features as needed in certain scenarios. Accordingly, the communication device given in the embodiments of this application can also implement these features or functions, which will not be elaborated here.

[0236] It should be understood that the processor in the embodiments of this application can be an integrated circuit chip with signal processing capabilities. In implementation, each step of the above method embodiments can be completed by the integrated logic circuitry in the processor's hardware or by instructions in software form. The processor described above can be a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a system-on-chip (SoC), a central processing unit (CPU), a network processor (NP), a digital signal processor (DSP), a microcontroller unit (MCU), a programmable logic device (PLD), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, or discrete hardware components.

[0237] It is understood that the memory in the embodiments of this application can be volatile memory or non-volatile memory, or may include both volatile and non-volatile memory. The non-volatile memory can be read-only memory (ROM), programmable read-only memory (PROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), or flash memory. The volatile memory can be random access memory (RAM), which is used as an external cache.

[0238] By way of example, but not limitation, many forms of RAM are available, such as static random access memory (SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), synchronous dynamic random access memory (SDRAM), double data rate synchronous dynamic random access memory (DDR SDRAM), enhanced synchronous dynamic random access memory (ESDRAM), synchronous linked dynamic random access memory (SLDRAM), and direct rambus RAM (DR RAM). It should be noted that the memory used in the systems and methods described herein is intended to include, but is not limited to, these and any other suitable types of memory.

[0239] This application also provides a chip system including one or more processors for calling and executing instructions stored in memory, thereby performing the methods described in the embodiments of this application. The chip system may be composed of chips or may include chips and other discrete devices.

[0240] This application also provides a computer program product including instructions, the computer program product including: computer program code, which, when run on a computer, causes the computer to perform the various steps or processes performed by the network device or terminal device in any of the foregoing method embodiments.

[0241] This application also provides a computer-readable medium storing program code that, when run on a computer, causes the computer to execute the various steps or processes performed by the network device or terminal device in any of the foregoing method embodiments.

[0242] The computer-readable storage medium may be the aforementioned volatile memory or non-volatile memory, or it may include both volatile memory and non-volatile memory.

[0243] This application provides a communication system, which includes a terminal device and a network device; wherein the terminal device is used to execute the method executed by the terminal device in the above embodiments, and the network device is used to execute the method executed by the network device in the above embodiments.

[0244] In the embodiments of this application, the terms and English abbreviations are exemplary examples given for ease of description and should not be construed as limiting the application in any way. This application does not preclude the possibility of defining other terms that can achieve the same or similar functions in existing or future agreements.

[0245] The above embodiments can be implemented entirely or partially by software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof. When implemented using software, it can be implemented entirely or partially in the form of a computer program product. A computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. When the computer instructions are loaded and executed on a computer, all or part of the flow or function according to the embodiments of this application is generated.

[0246] A computer can be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable device. Computer instructions can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another. For example, computer instructions can be transmitted from one website, computer, server, or data center to another via wired (e.g., coaxial cable, fiber optic, digital subscriber line (DSL)) or wireless (e.g., infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.) means. A computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium that a computer can access, or a data storage device such as a server or data center that integrates one or more available media. Available media can be magnetic media (e.g., floppy disks, hard disks, magnetic tapes), optical media (e.g., digital video discs (DVDs)), or semiconductor media (e.g., solid-state disks (SSDs)).

[0247] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed systems, apparatuses, and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative; for instance, the division of units is only a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Furthermore, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be through some interfaces; the indirect coupling or communication connection between apparatuses or units may be electrical, mechanical, or other forms.

[0248] It should be noted that, for the sake of simplicity, the foregoing method embodiments are all described as a series of actions. However, those skilled in the art should understand that this application is not limited to the described order of actions, because according to this application, some operations can be performed in other orders or simultaneously. The execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of this application. Secondly, those skilled in the art should also understand that the embodiments described in the specification are all preferred embodiments, and the actions and modules involved are not necessarily essential to this application.

[0249] The descriptions of the various embodiments provided in this application can be referenced mutually. Each embodiment has its own emphasis, and parts not described in detail in a certain embodiment can be referred to the relevant descriptions of other embodiments. For the sake of convenience and brevity, for example, the functions and operations of the various devices and equipment provided in the embodiments of this application can be referred to the relevant descriptions of the method embodiments of this application. The method embodiments and the device embodiments can also be referenced, combined or cited from each other.

[0250] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and are not intended to limit them. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application.

Claims

1. A communication method, characterized in that, The method includes: Receive first indication information from network device, wherein the first indication information indicates timing advance TA value and / or frequency offset FO value, and is used to determine a time-frequency pre-compensation iteration strategy for uplink; Based on the first indication information, a time-frequency pre-compensation iteration strategy for the uplink is determined; Based on the TA value and / or FO value and in accordance with the time-frequency pre-compensation iterative strategy, a random access is initiated to the network device.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first indication information indicates a reference elevation angle and an elevation angle threshold, wherein the elevation angle threshold includes a first elevation angle threshold and / or a second elevation angle threshold, and the reference elevation angle and the elevation angle threshold are used to determine the time-frequency pre-compensation iteration strategy.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The step of determining the time-frequency pre-compensation iteration strategy for the uplink based on the first indication information includes: Based on the comparison between the reference elevation angle and the elevation angle threshold, a time-frequency pre-compensation iterative strategy for the uplink is determined.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, Based on the comparison result between the reference elevation angle and the elevation angle threshold, a time-frequency pre-compensation iterative strategy for the uplink is determined, including: Based on the fact that the reference elevation angle is less than the first elevation angle threshold and the reference elevation angle is less than the second elevation angle threshold, the first iteration strategy is determined to be the time-frequency pre-compensation iteration strategy, wherein the first iteration strategy is a strategy for time-domain iteration of the TA value; Based on the fact that the reference elevation angle is greater than the first elevation angle threshold and the reference elevation angle is greater than the second elevation angle threshold, the second iteration strategy is determined as the time-frequency pre-compensation iteration strategy, wherein the second iteration strategy is a strategy for frequency domain iteration of the FO value; Based on the fact that the second elevation angle threshold is less than the reference elevation angle, and the reference elevation angle is less than the first elevation angle threshold, the third iteration strategy is determined as the time-frequency pre-compensation iteration strategy, wherein the third iteration strategy is a strategy for time-frequency domain iteration of TA value and FO value; Based on the fact that the first elevation angle threshold is less than the reference elevation angle, and the reference elevation angle is less than the second elevation angle threshold, it is determined that no iteration is required.

5. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, Based on the comparison result between the reference elevation angle and the elevation angle threshold, a time-frequency pre-compensation iterative strategy for the uplink is determined, including: Based on the fact that the reference elevation angle is less than the first elevation angle threshold, the first iteration strategy is determined to be the time-frequency pre-compensation iteration strategy, or the third iteration strategy is determined to be the time-frequency pre-compensation iteration strategy, wherein the first iteration strategy is a strategy for time-domain iteration of the TA value, and the third iteration strategy is a strategy for time-frequency domain iteration of the TA value and the FO value. Based on the fact that the reference elevation angle is greater than the first elevation angle threshold, it is determined that no iteration is required, or the second iteration strategy is determined to be the time-frequency pre-compensation iteration strategy, wherein the second iteration strategy is a strategy for frequency domain iteration of the FO value.

6. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, Based on the comparison result between the reference elevation angle and the second elevation angle threshold, a time-frequency pre-compensation iterative strategy for the uplink is determined, including: Based on the fact that the reference elevation angle is greater than the second elevation angle threshold, the second iteration strategy is determined to be the time-frequency pre-compensation iteration strategy, or the third iteration strategy is determined to be the time-frequency pre-compensation iteration strategy, wherein the second iteration strategy is a strategy for frequency domain iteration of the FO value, and the third iteration strategy is a strategy for time-frequency domain iteration of the TA value and the FO value. Based on the fact that the reference elevation angle is less than the second elevation angle threshold, it is determined that no iteration is required, or the first iteration strategy is determined to be the time-frequency pre-compensation iteration strategy, wherein the first iteration strategy is a strategy for frequency domain iteration of the TA value.

7. The method according to any one of claims 4-6, characterized in that, The step of initiating random access to the network device based on the TA value and / or FO value and according to the time-frequency pre-compensation iterative strategy includes: When the time-frequency pre-compensation iteration strategy is the first iteration strategy, when the random access response (RAR) times out, the TA value is iterated in the time domain according to the first iteration strategy, and random access is initiated to the network device based on the TA value obtained after iteration. When the time-frequency pre-compensation iteration strategy is the second iteration strategy, when the RAR times out, the FO value is iterated in the frequency domain according to the second iteration strategy, and random access is initiated to the network device based on the FO value obtained after iteration. When the time-frequency pre-compensation iteration strategy is the third iteration strategy, when the RAR times out, the TA value and FO value are iterated in the time-frequency domain according to the third iteration strategy, and random access is initiated to the network device based on the TA value and FO value obtained after iteration.

8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that, The method further includes: In response to competition, timeouts are resolved by executing backoff and retransmission; If a RAR timeout occurs after the backoff and retransmission, the corresponding iterative strategy is used to iteratively update the TA value and / or FO value in order to initiate random access to the network device again.

9. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that, The first indication information is also used to configure a first resource pool, the first resource pool including a first preamble and a second preamble, wherein, when the time-frequency pre-compensation iteration strategy is the first iteration strategy, the preamble for random access is the first preamble, and, when the time-frequency pre-compensation iteration strategy is the second iteration strategy, the preamble for random access is the second preamble.

10. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that, The first indication information is also used to configure a second resource pool, the second resource pool including one or more preambles; wherein, the first resource pool is used to initiate random access when the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) is unavailable, and the second resource pool is used to initiate random access when GNSS is available.

11. The method according to claim 10, characterized in that, If it is determined that no iteration is required, the preamble for random access is the preamble in the second resource pool.

12. A communication method, characterized in that, The method includes: Send a first indication message to the terminal device, wherein the first indication message indicates the timing advance TA value and / or frequency offset FO value, and is used to determine the time-frequency pre-compensation iteration strategy for the uplink; Receive random access initiated by the terminal device based on the first indication information.

13. The method according to claim 12, characterized in that, The first indication information indicates a reference elevation angle and an elevation angle threshold, wherein the elevation angle threshold includes a first elevation angle threshold and / or a second elevation angle threshold, and the reference elevation angle and the elevation angle threshold are used to determine the time-frequency pre-compensation iteration strategy.

14. The method according to claim 13, characterized in that, The uplink time-frequency pre-compensation iteration strategy is determined based on the comparison result between the reference elevation angle and the elevation angle threshold.

15. The method according to claim 12, characterized in that, The first indication information is further used to configure a first resource pool, the first resource pool including a first preamble and a second preamble, and receiving the random access initiated by the terminal device based on the first indication information includes: The terminal device receives either a first preamble or a second preamble selected based on the first indication information. The first preamble or the second preamble corresponds to the time-frequency precompensation iteration strategy.

16. The method according to claim 15, characterized in that, The first preamble and the second preamble are distinguished based on at least one of the following characteristics: Preamble sequence length; Preamble sequence type.

17. The method according to claim 15, characterized in that, The first indication information is also used to configure a second resource pool, wherein the first resource pool is used to initiate random access when the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) is unavailable, and the second resource pool is used to initiate random access when GNSS is available.

18. A communication device, characterized in that, It includes units for performing the method as described in any one of claims 1-11, or units for performing the method as described in any one of claims 12-17.

19. A communication device, characterized in that, It includes a processor and a memory, the processor and the memory being coupled, the processor being configured to implement the method as described in any one of claims 1-11, or the processor being configured to implement the method as described in any one of claims 12-17.

20. A chip, characterized in that, The device includes a processor and an interface, the processor and the interface being coupled; the interface is used to receive or output signals, and the processor is used to execute code instructions to cause the method of any one of claims 1-11 to be performed, or to cause the method of any one of claims 12-17 to be performed.

21. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium stores computer-executable instructions, which, when invoked by the computer, cause the computer to perform the method as described in any one of claims 1-11, or cause the computer to perform the method as described in any one of claims 12-17.

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