Circuit board locking structure and disassembly and assembly method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of circuit board installation, and provides a circuit board locking structure, which comprises a sliding table, a positioning seat and a clamping seat, and is characterized in that the positioning seat and the clamping seat are respectively provided with a first positioning groove and a second positioning groove; one side of the first positioning groove and one side of the second positioning groove are each provided with a material inserting opening. The sliding table is also provided with a telescopic first rod body, a telescopic second rod body and a driving unit for driving the first rod body and the second rod body to move; the first rod body and the second rod body can push the circuit board to enter and exit from the first positioning groove and the second positioning groove; the device can adapt to circuit boards of different sizes for frequent disassembly and assembly work, is stable in installation, and is not liable to cause damage.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of circuit board mounting technology, and in particular to a circuit board locking structure and disassembly / removal method. Background Technology

[0002] Circuit boards need to be frequently installed and disassembled in scenarios such as testing, electronic engineering teaching and training, so they need to have the function of rapid installation and disassembly. CN223067365U discloses a circuit board locking structure suitable for high-frequency installation and disassembly, including a mounting slide rail, a clamping frame and a clamping device. Two sets of mounting slide rails are arranged in parallel and installed at the mounting position. Two clamping frames are arranged in parallel, and the two sides of each clamping frame are slidably mounted on the two sets of mounting slide rails. A connecting plate is provided between the two sets of mounting slide rails. The clamping device is set on the connecting plate and includes a rotating shaft, a turntable, a connecting arm, a torsion spring, a wheel, and a drawstring. The rotating shaft is rotatably mounted on the connecting plate. The turntable is located on the top of the rotating shaft. Two connecting arms are arranged opposite each other and eccentrically mounted on the turntable. The other ends of the two connecting arms are pivotally connected to the two clamping frames respectively. The torsion spring is sleeved on the rotating shaft, and the two ends of the torsion spring are connected to the connecting plate and the turntable respectively. The wheel is coaxially located at the bottom of the rotating shaft. One end of the drawstring is wound around the wheel, and the other end extends outward through the mounting slide rail.

[0003] In existing technologies, while the locking structure for circuit boards enables rapid assembly and disassembly, it suffers from the following problems: First, manual positioning is usually required during installation, resulting in poor installation accuracy. Furthermore, direct manual contact with the circuit board for positioning and disassembly can easily damage the board. Second, when locking circuit boards of different sizes, there are issues with significant deviations in installation accuracy and poor installation stability. The circuit board is prone to loosening and shifting, and frequent disassembly and assembly can easily scratch the board. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides a circuit board locking structure and disassembly / assembly method to solve problems such as unstable installation in the prior art.

[0005] In view of this, the present invention aims to provide a circuit board locking structure. In the present invention, the circuit board locking structure includes a slide, a positioning seat fixed on the slide, and a clamping seat slidably disposed on the slide. The clamping seat can move toward the positioning seat and cooperate with the positioning seat to clamp the circuit board. The positioning base and the clamping base are respectively provided with a first positioning groove and a second positioning groove on their opposite sides for inserting the side of the circuit board; each of the first positioning groove and the second positioning groove has an insertion port on one side. The slide table is also provided with a first rod and a second rod, both of which are telescopic rods; the two ends of the first rod and the second rod are respectively inserted into the first positioning groove and the second positioning groove; a placement area for placing the circuit board is formed between the first rod and the second rod; a drive unit is provided in both the first positioning groove and the second positioning groove; the first rod and the second rod are connected to the drive unit to control their movement. The first rod can open and close the insertion port, and the first rod and the second rod can push the circuit board into and out of the first positioning slot and the second positioning slot.

[0006] Furthermore, both the first positioning groove and the second positioning groove are provided with flexible clamping units, and the flexible clamping unit includes a telescopic tube, an air supply chamber and a clamping member; The telescopic tube is located on the side of the second rod away from the first rod and is connected to the second rod; the air supply chamber is opened at the top of the first positioning groove and the second positioning groove, and a plurality of the clamping members are provided in the air supply chamber, the clamping members can extend from the air supply chamber to the clamping circuit board; the telescopic tube is connected to the air supply chamber.

[0007] Furthermore, a transition cavity is provided on the side of the telescopic tube away from the second rod body, and the transition cavity is connected to the telescopic tube and the air supply cavity; a valve body is provided at the connection between the telescopic tube, the air supply cavity and the transition cavity; A plug is provided inside the transition cavity, and the telescopic tube and the air supply cavity are both connected to one side of the plug. An electric push rod is provided on the side of the transition cavity away from the telescopic tube, and the telescopic end of the electric push rod is inserted into the transition cavity and connected to the plug.

[0008] Furthermore, the clamping member includes a clamping plate horizontally disposed within the air supply chamber and clamping heads evenly disposed at the bottom of the clamping plate; a return spring is provided between the bottom wall of the air supply chamber and the clamping plate, and the return spring is sleeved on the outside of each clamping head; The bottom of the air supply chamber is provided with a tightening hole for the tightening head to pass through, and the tightening head is located inside the tightening hole; a silicone head is provided at the bottom of the tightening head; and a pressure sensor is provided at the bottom of each tightening head.

[0009] Furthermore, the drive units in the first and second positioning slots are synchronously controlled; the drive unit includes a drive motor, a rotating roller driven by the drive motor, and a conveyor belt tensioned on the rotating roller. A flexible limiting strip is provided on the conveyor belt. The first rod is fixed on the conveyor belt. The flexible limiting strip, the conveyor belt, and the first rod cooperate to form a limiting groove on the conveyor belt. A sliding groove is opened on the side of the flexible limiting strip. The two ends of the second rod are respectively inserted into the interior of the two sliding grooves and can move within the sliding grooves. A tensioning spring is provided on the side of the second rod away from the first rod.

[0010] Furthermore, a feeding / discharging unit is provided on the side of the slide table near the insertion port. The feeding / discharging unit includes a mounting plate, a rotating frame, conveying rollers, a positioning frame, a first adjusting cylinder, and a second adjusting cylinder. The rotating frame is provided at the upper end of the mounting plate, and multiple conveying rollers are mounted on the rotating frame. One end of the mounting plate is hinged to the side of the slide table, and the other end is hinged to the rotating frame; the two ends of the first adjusting cylinder are respectively hinged to the slide table and the mounting plate to drive the mounting plate to rotate; the two ends of the second adjusting cylinder are respectively hinged to the mounting plate and the rotating frame to drive the rotating frame to rotate. One end of the rotating frame extends to the insertion port; the positioning frame is mounted on the rotating frame and is located on top of the conveying roller, forming a positioning area at the upper end of the conveying roller to limit the circuit board.

[0011] Furthermore, the conveying roller includes a first conveying roller and a second conveying roller, the first conveying roller being located at one end near the rotating frame; the diameter of the first conveying roller gradually increases from the positioning frame toward the direction away from the positioning frame; the side of the positioning frame near the circuit board is set as an inclined surface.

[0012] Furthermore, guide wheels are provided on the inclined surface of the positioning frame.

[0013] This invention also discloses a method for disassembling and assembling a circuit board, applicable to the aforementioned circuit board locking structure, comprising: Step S1: According to the installation instructions, start the drive unit to move the first rod out of the first positioning slot and the second positioning slot, open the insertion port, and adjust the position of the clamping seat according to the size of the circuit board to be inserted, so that the first rod and the second rod can extend and retract accordingly. Step S2: Align both sides of the circuit board and insert it into the first positioning groove and the second positioning groove and push it in. Step S3: Start the drive unit to move the first rod from outside the first positioning groove and the second positioning groove to inside the first positioning groove and the second positioning groove. The first rod pushes the circuit board to move until the circuit board abuts against the second rod. Step S4: Continue to control the drive unit to push the first rod to compress the telescopic tube, push the gas in the telescopic tube into the transition cavity and then stop moving. Start the electric push rod to push the gas into the air supply cavity. Rely on the air pressure to drive the tightening head downward to pass through the tightening circuit board and complete the installation of the circuit board. Step S5: According to the disassembly command, control the electric push rod to reset, the gas in the air supply chamber enters the transition chamber, the clamping head resets and releases the clamp on the circuit board; start the drive unit to drive the first rod and the second rod to move and push the circuit board out of the first positioning groove and the second positioning groove. In step S5, the electric push rod is activated again to push the gas into the telescopic tube to assist in the discharge of the circuit board. After the circuit board is detected to have disengaged from the first positioning groove and the second positioning groove, the electric push rod is reset, and the control drive unit drives the first rod to close the insertion port.

[0014] Furthermore, the disassembly and assembly method also includes a feeding method, which includes: Step D1: According to the feeding instruction, control the first adjusting cylinder to raise the mounting plate to a horizontal state, and control the second adjusting cylinder to adjust the angle of the rotating frame so that the tilt angle of the rotating frame matches the angle of the circuit board feeding mechanism. Step D2: Start the circuit board feeding mechanism to transport the circuit board onto the conveyor rollers of the rotating frame; Step D3: Start the first and second conveyor rollers to convey the circuit board. During the conveying of the first conveyor roller, the circuit board moves to the side and fits against the positioning frame, and then the second conveyor roller continues to convey it to the insertion port. Step D4: When the circuit board is detected to have entered the first positioning groove, the first adjusting cylinder and the second adjusting cylinder are controlled to adjust the rotating frame to a horizontal state that is consistent with the height of the insertion port. Step D5: When the circuit board is detected to be fully inserted into the first positioning groove, the first adjusting cylinder and the second adjusting cylinder are controlled to drive the mounting plate and the rotating frame to reset.

[0015] The circuit board locking structure disclosed in this invention, through the setting of positioning seats and clamping seats, can stably clamp circuit boards of different sizes by adjusting the position of the clamping seats. The clamping size adjustment is convenient and stable, and the sides of the circuit board can be stably locked and clamped from four directions, ensuring the stability of installation. Moreover, the automatic pushing of the circuit board can be realized by pushing the first rod and the second rod, without the need for manual adjustment of the position of the circuit board. The circuit board is transported in and out by the drive unit, which can avoid the sliding friction of the circuit board and prevent damage to the circuit board.

[0016] Meanwhile, the flexible clamping unit can drive the airflow when the circuit board enters the first and second positioning slots, and use air pressure to lock the circuit board from bottom to top. While locking and fixing the circuit board, it avoids damage to the circuit board, has strong linkage, and reduces control steps. During material discharge, it can rely on airflow to assist in pushing the material, thereby improving the discharge rate. At the same time, the flexible clamping can provide a buffer space for the circuit board during vibration, avoiding hard damage to the circuit board.

[0017] Other features and advantages of the present invention will be described in detail in the following detailed description section. Attached Figure Description

[0018] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this invention, are used to provide a further understanding of the invention. The illustrative embodiments of the invention and their descriptions are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an undue limitation of the invention. In the drawings: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 for Figure 2 Enlarged view of point A in the middle; Figure 4 This is a partial structural diagram of a flexible clamping unit in one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the driving unit in one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first rod in one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the feeding and discharging unit in one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a side view of the feeding and discharging unit in one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram showing the state of the positioning frame positioning circuit board in one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the first conveying roller in one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the guide wheel in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 100. Slide table; 110. First rod; 120. Second rod; 130. Rack; 140. Gear; 200, Positioning seat; 210, First positioning groove; 220, Insertion port; 300. Clamping seat; 310. Second positioning groove; 400. Drive unit; 410. Tensioning spring; 420. Rotating roller; 430. Conveyor belt; 440. Flexible limiting strip; 500 Flexible clamping unit; 510 Telescopic tube; 520 Air supply chamber; 530 Transition chamber; 540 Electric push rod; 550 Tightening plate; 560 Tightening head; 570 Return spring; 600, Feeding / Discharging Unit; 610, Mounting Plate; 620, Rotating Frame; 630, Positioning Frame; 640, First Adjusting Cylinder; 650, Second Adjusting Cylinder; 660, First Conveying Roller; 670, Second Conveying Roller; 680, Guide Wheel. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for illustration and explanation only and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0021] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this invention are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate for the embodiments of the invention described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion; for example, a process, method, system, product, or device that comprises a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to such processes, methods, products, or devices. "Fixed" or "fixed connection" generally refers to common mechanical connection methods, such as threaded connections, welding, or bonding.

[0023] In existing technologies, while the locking structure for circuit boards enables rapid assembly and disassembly, it suffers from the following problems: First, manual positioning is usually required during installation, resulting in poor installation accuracy. Furthermore, direct manual contact with the circuit board for positioning and disassembly can easily damage the board. Second, when locking circuit boards of different sizes, there are issues with significant deviations in installation accuracy and poor installation stability. The circuit board is prone to loosening and shifting, and frequent disassembly and assembly can easily scratch the board.

[0024] This invention provides a circuit board locking structure for securing circuit boards that require frequent disassembly and assembly, for use in testing, demonstrations, teaching, exhibitions, etc. While the locking structure in this invention primarily focuses on quality inspection, it is not limited to this purpose. Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the circuit board locking structure of the present invention includes a slide 100, a positioning seat 200, and a clamping seat 300; wherein, the positioning seat 200 is fixedly installed on one side of the upper end of the slide 100 by bolts, and the clamping seat 300 is slidably disposed on the upper end of the slide 100. The moving direction of the clamping seat 300 is towards or away from the positioning seat 200, and the clamping seat 300 and the positioning seat 200 cooperate to clamp the circuit board.

[0025] To enable the circuit board to be used for teaching demonstrations at different angles, the circuit board locking structure can be installed on steering adjustment devices such as rotating seats.

[0026] Regarding the control of the clamping seat 300 moving on the slide table 100, specifically: a rack 130 is provided on the slide table 100, and a gear 140 that meshes with the rack 130 is rotatably installed inside the clamping seat 300. The mounting shaft of the gear 140 is controlled to rotate by a stepper motor, thereby realizing the precise movement of the clamping seat 300 on the slide.

[0027] In order to lock and fix the two sides of the circuit board, a first positioning groove 210 and a second positioning groove 310 are respectively provided on the positioning base 200 and the clamping base 300 for the side of the circuit board to be inserted. The first positioning groove 210 and the second positioning groove 310 are arranged opposite each other and at the same height so that the circuit board can be placed horizontally. An insertion port 220 is formed on one side of the first positioning groove 210 and the second positioning groove 310. The insertion port is provided so that the circuit board can be inserted into the first positioning groove 210 and the second positioning groove 310 from the side.

[0028] In addition, a first rod 110 and a second rod 120 are provided on the slide table 100; both the first rod 110 and the second rod 120 are telescopic rods with adjustable length; the two ends of the first rod 110 and the second rod 120 are respectively inserted into the first positioning groove 210 and the second positioning groove 310; a placement area for placing the circuit board is formed between the first rod 110 and the second rod 120, and the first rod 110 and the second rod 120 limit the circuit board from the other two sides; a drive unit 400 is provided in both the first positioning groove 210 and the second positioning groove 310, and the first rod 110 and the second rod 120 are connected to the drive unit 400, which drives the first rod 110 and the second rod 120 to move; the first rod 110 can open and close the insertion port 220, and the first rod 110 and the second rod 120 can push the circuit board into and out of the first positioning groove 210 and the second positioning groove 310 to realize the feeding and discharging function.

[0029] With the positioning seat 200 and clamping seat 300, adjusting the position of the clamping seat 300 can stably clamp circuit boards of different sizes. Adjusting the clamping size is convenient and stable, and the sides of the circuit board can be stably locked and clamped from four directions, ensuring the stability of the installation. Furthermore, the automatic feeding of the circuit board can be achieved by pushing the first rod 110 and the second rod 120, without the need for manual adjustment of the circuit board's position. The drive unit 400 transports the circuit board in and out, which can avoid the circuit board from sliding and friction, and is less likely to damage the circuit board.

[0030] With the addition of the feeding / discharging unit 600, it can be directly connected to the production line to complete the feeding and discharging work, eliminating the need for manual loading and unloading and avoiding contact between the manuals and the circuit boards.

[0031] To prevent damage to the circuit board during locking and securing, and to accommodate locking requirements for circuit boards of varying thicknesses; such as Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, flexible clamping units 500 are provided in both the first positioning groove 210 and the second positioning groove 310. The flexible clamping unit 500 is configured to include a telescopic tube 510, an air supply chamber 520, and a clamping member. The telescopic tube 510 is located on the side of the second rod 120 away from the first rod 110 and is connected to the second rod 120. The telescopic tube 510 can extend and retract with the movement of the second rod 120, and the interior of the telescopic tube 510 can store gas. The air supply chamber 520 is opened at the top of the first positioning groove 210 and the second positioning groove 310, and the first positioning groove 210 and the second positioning groove 310 are not connected to the air supply chamber 520. Multiple clamping members are provided in the air supply chamber 520. The clamping members can extend downward from the air supply chamber 520 to the first positioning groove 210 and the second positioning groove 310 to clamp the circuit board, realizing the clamping work from top to bottom.

[0032] Among them, such as Figure 3 As shown, the clamping component is configured to include a clamping plate 550 horizontally disposed within the air supply chamber 520 and a plurality of clamping heads 560 evenly disposed at the bottom of the clamping plate 550; a return spring 570 is disposed between the bottom wall of the air supply chamber 520 and the clamping plate 550, and the return spring 570 is sleeved on the outside of each clamping head 560, used to drive the clamping plate 550 and the clamping head 560 to move upward and reset; a clamping hole is opened at the bottom of the air supply chamber 520 for the clamping head 560 to pass through, the number of clamping holes is the same as the number of clamping heads 560, and the clamping head 560 is disposed inside the clamping hole; a silicone head is disposed at the bottom of the clamping head 560; a pressure sensor is disposed at the bottom of each clamping head 560.

[0033] In addition, the telescopic tube 510 is configured to communicate with the top of the air supply chamber 520. When the circuit board is inserted into the first positioning groove 210 and the second positioning groove 310, the second rod 120 is pushed to squeeze the telescopic tube 510, squeezing the gas in the telescopic tube 510 into the air supply chamber 520. The air pressure in the air supply chamber 520 increases, pushing the top plate 550 to move downward, causing each top head 560 to move downward, pass through the top hole, and contact the circuit board to tighten and fix the circuit board; thus realizing the automatic tightening work during circuit board installation.

[0034] The circuit board is clamped by air pressure, and the silicone head provides sufficient flexibility when locking the circuit board to avoid damage. Pressure sensors are installed at the bottom of each clamping head 560 to remotely monitor the values ​​of each pressure sensor to determine the stability of the clamping and to promptly detect phenomena such as excessive, insufficient, or uneven clamping force, which facilitates maintenance.

[0035] By setting up the flexible clamping unit 500, when the circuit board enters the first positioning groove 210 and the second positioning groove 310, it can drive the air flow and lock the circuit board from bottom to top through air pressure. While locking and fixing the circuit board, it can avoid damage to the circuit board. It has strong linkage and reduces control steps. During the discharge, it can rely on airflow to assist in the pushing work and improve the discharge rate.

[0036] To avoid situations where the clamping head 560 clamps the circuit board before it is fully installed, preventing further movement or causing difficulties during disassembly; such as Figure 4As shown, a transition cavity 530 is provided on the side of the telescopic tube 510 away from the second rod 120. The upper and lower ends of the transition cavity 530 are connected to the telescopic tube 510 and the air supply cavity 520, respectively. A valve body is provided at the connection between the telescopic tube 510, the air supply cavity 520 and the transition cavity 530. The flow of gas can be stably controlled by the control of the valve body. A plug body is provided in the transition cavity 530. The movement of the plug body pushes the gas in and out of the telescopic tube 510 and the air supply cavity 520. An electric push rod 540 is provided on the side of the transition cavity 530 away from the telescopic tube 510. The telescopic end of the electric push rod 540 is inserted into the transition cavity 530 and connected to the plug body. The movement of the plug body in the transition cavity 530 is controlled by the electric push rod 540. The telescopic tube 510 and the air supply cavity 520 are both connected on the side of the plug body away from the electric push rod 540.

[0037] By setting up the transition chamber 530, the transition chamber 530 is used as a transfer point during gas flow. By controlling the movement of the plug in the transition chamber 530 and the opening and closing of the valve, the circuit board can be locked, unlocked, and assisted in discharging. The control is convenient and stable.

[0038] To ensure synchronized operation of the first rod 110 and the second rod 120, the drive units 400 within the first positioning groove 210 and the second positioning groove 310 are configured for synchronous control; such as Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the drive unit 400 is configured to include a drive motor, a rotating roller 420 driven by the drive motor, and a conveyor belt 430 tensioned on the two rotating rollers 420; the conveyor belt 430 is driven by the rotating rollers 420 to transport materials; a flexible limiting strip 440 is provided on the conveyor belt 430, and at least the part near the first rod 110 is configured to be flexible and able to bend along the outer arc of the rotating roller 420 to a certain extent, that is, to ensure that the first rod 110 can disengage from the first positioning groove 210 and the second positioning groove 310; the first rod 110 is fixed on the conveyor belt 430 and connected to one end of the flexible limiting strip 440; in other embodiments, the flexible limiting strip 440 can also be configured to be near the first rod 110 but not connected to the first rod 110, leaving space for the first rod 110 to rotate downward.

[0039] A rectangular limiting groove is formed on the conveyor belt 430 by the cooperation of a flexible limiting strip 440, a conveyor belt 430, a first rod 110 and a second rod 120 for placing the circuit board; a sliding groove is opened on the side of the flexible limiting strip 440, and the two ends of the second rod 120 are respectively inserted into the sliding grooves on both sides, and the movement of the second rod 120 is limited by the sliding grooves to ensure the stability of locking the circuit board; a clamping spring 410 is provided on the side of the second rod 120 away from the first rod 110.

[0040] With the clamping spring 410 in place, after the circuit board enters the first positioning groove 210 and the second positioning groove 310, the first rod 110 continues to push the circuit board towards the second rod 120. The second rod 120 remains stationary due to the spring force. This continues until the circuit board contacts the second rod 120. At this point, the first rod 110 and the second rod 120 limit the circuit board on both sides respectively. Continuing to push the first rod 110 causes the first rod 110, the circuit board, and the second rod 120 to move together, compressing the return spring 570. The spring force of the return spring 570 drives the second rod 120 to stably clamp the circuit board. The clamping force of the second rod 120 on the circuit board is controlled by the movement distance of the circuit board driven by the first rod 110, ensuring clamping stability while avoiding damage to the circuit board. A silicone layer is provided on the opposite side of the first rod 110 and the second rod 120.

[0041] To automate the feeding and unloading process and avoid frequent manual contact with circuit boards; such as Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, an infeed / outfeed unit 600 is provided on the slide table 100 near the insertion port 220. The infeed / outfeed unit 600 is used for loading and unloading circuit boards. The infeed / outfeed unit 600 includes a mounting plate 610, a rotating frame 620, conveying rollers, a positioning frame 630, a first adjusting cylinder 640, and a second adjusting cylinder 650. A rotating frame 620 is located at the upper end of the mounting plate 610. Multiple conveying rollers are mounted on the rotating frame 620, which convey the circuit boards. The conveying rollers are connected to a drive unit for rotational conveying. One end of the mounting plate 610 is hinged to the side of the slide table 100, and the other end is hinged to the rotating frame 620. Both the mounting plate 610 and the rotating frame 620 can be folded and unfolded. The first adjusting cylinder 640... The two ends of the throttle cylinder 640 are hinged to the slide table 100 and the mounting plate 610, respectively. The first adjusting cylinder 640 drives the mounting plate 610 to rotate, thus adjusting the angle of the mounting plate 610. The two ends of the second adjusting cylinder 650 are hinged to the mounting plate 610 and the rotating frame 620, respectively. The second adjusting cylinder 650 drives the rotating frame 620 to rotate, thus adjusting the angle of the rotating frame 620. The cooperation of the first adjusting cylinder 640 and the second adjusting cylinder 650 enables multi-angle adjustment, facilitating convenient folding and unfolding. One end of the rotating frame 620 is extended to the insertion port 220, allowing the circuit board on the rotating frame 620 to be fed and inserted into the first positioning groove 210 and the second positioning groove 310. Figure 9 As shown, the positioning frame 630 is mounted on the rotating frame 620, and the positioning frame 630 is located on the top of the conveying roller and can form a positioning area at the upper end of the conveying roller to limit the circuit board; the positioning frame 630 is aligned with the insertion port 220 of the first positioning groove 210, that is, when the side of the positioning frame 630 abuts against the circuit board for feeding, it just enters the first positioning groove 210.

[0042] With the dual adjustment of the first adjusting cylinder 640 and the second adjusting cylinder 650, the angle can be directly adjusted to connect with the circuit board feeding mechanism, the circuit board discharging mechanism and the robotic arm while meeting the loading and unloading requirements. It has a wide range of applications, eliminates the need for manual loading and unloading, and can completely eliminate manual labor for assembly and disassembly.

[0043] To automatically align the sides of the conveyed circuit board and improve the accuracy of inserting the circuit board into the first positioning groove 210 and the second positioning groove 310, the conveying rollers are configured to include a first conveying roller 660 and a second conveying roller 670. The first conveying roller 660 is located at one end near the rotating frame 620, meaning the circuit board is first conveyed on the first conveying roller 660 and then enters the second conveying roller 670, which then feeds the circuit board into the first positioning groove 210 and the second positioning groove 310. Figure 10 As shown, the diameter of the first conveying roller 660 gradually increases from the positioning frame 630 away from the positioning frame 630, that is, the surface of the first conveying roller 660 has a certain slope, so that when the first conveying roller 660 conveys the circuit board, the circuit board will move towards the positioning frame 630, the side of the circuit board abuts against the positioning frame 630 for conveying, and then it is conveyed to the second conveying roller 670 to continue feeding in a horizontal state; the side of the positioning frame 630 near the circuit board is set as an inclined surface, that is, it fits the inclined circuit board on the first conveying roller 660, further improving the conveying stability of the first circuit board.

[0044] In addition, such as Figure 11 As shown, a guide wheel 680 is provided on the inclined surface of the positioning frame 630. The side of the circuit board abuts against the guide wheel 680. When the conveying roller conveys the circuit board, the side of the circuit board contacts the rotating guide wheel 680, changing the sliding friction to rolling friction, ensuring the stability of the feeding and avoiding scratches on the circuit board during the feeding process.

[0045] This invention also discloses a method for disassembling and assembling a circuit board, applicable to the aforementioned circuit board locking structure, capable of accommodating frequent disassembly and assembly of the circuit board. The method includes: Step S1: According to the installation instructions, start the drive unit 400 to move the first rod 110 out of the first positioning groove 210 and the second positioning groove 310, open the insertion port 220, and adjust the position of the clamping seat 300 according to the size of the circuit board to be inserted. The first rod 110 and the second rod 120 extend and retract accordingly. Step S2: Align both sides of the circuit board and insert it into the first positioning groove 210 and the second positioning groove 310 and push it in. Step S3: Start the drive unit 400 to move the first rod 110 from outside the first positioning groove 210 and the second positioning groove 310 to inside the first positioning groove 210 and the second positioning groove 310. The first rod 110 pushes the circuit board to move until the circuit board abuts against the second rod 120. Step S4: Close the connecting valve between the transition chamber 530 and the air supply chamber 520, open the connecting valve between the transition chamber 530 and the telescopic tube 510, and continue to control the drive unit 400 to push the first rod 110 to compress the telescopic tube 510, pushing the gas in the telescopic tube 510 into the transition chamber 530 and then stopping the movement; when the circuit board stops moving, open the connecting valve between the transition chamber 530 and the air supply chamber 520, close the connecting valve between the transition chamber 530 and the telescopic tube 510, and then start the electric push rod 540 to push the gas into the air supply chamber 520, relying on the air pressure to drive the clamping head 560 downward to pass through the clamping circuit board, completing the installation of the circuit board; Step S5: According to the disassembly command, control the electric push rod 540 to reset, the gas in the air supply chamber 520 enters the transition chamber 530, the clamping head 560 resets and releases the clamp on the circuit board; start the drive unit 400 to drive the first rod 110 and the second rod 120 to move and push the circuit board out of the first positioning groove 210 and the second positioning groove 310. In step S5, simultaneously, the connecting valve between the transition chamber 530 and the air supply chamber 520 is closed, and the connecting valve between the transition chamber 530 and the telescopic tube 510 is opened. The electric push rod 540 is activated to push the gas in the transition chamber 530 into the telescopic tube 510. The increased air pressure in the telescopic tube 510 pushes the telescopic tube 510 to extend and provide a force for the auxiliary circuit board to be discharged, thus accelerating the discharge of the circuit board. After detecting that the circuit board has disengaged from the first positioning groove 210 and the second positioning groove 310, the electric push rod 540 is reset, and the control drive unit 400 drives the first rod 110 to close the insertion port 220.

[0046] In addition, the circuit board assembly and disassembly methods also include loading and unloading methods; the loading method refers to the specific control of step S2, which includes: Step D1: According to the feeding instruction, control the first adjusting cylinder 640 to raise the mounting plate 610 to a horizontal state, and control the second adjusting cylinder 650 to adjust the angle of the rotating frame 620 so that the tilt angle of the rotating frame 620 matches the angle of the circuit board feeding mechanism. Step D2: Start the circuit board feeding mechanism to transport the circuit board onto the conveying roller of the rotating frame 620; Step D3: Start the first conveyor roller 660 and the second conveyor roller 670 to convey the circuit board. During the conveying of the circuit board by the first conveyor roller 660, the circuit board moves to the side and fits against the positioning frame 630. Then, the second conveyor roller 670 continues to convey it to the insertion port 220. Step D4: When the circuit board is detected to have entered the first positioning groove 210, the first adjusting cylinder 640 and the second adjusting cylinder 650 are controlled to adjust the rotating frame 620 to a horizontal state that is consistent with the height of the insertion port 220. Step D5: When the circuit board is detected to be fully inserted into the first positioning groove 210, the first adjusting cylinder 640 and the second adjusting cylinder 650 are controlled to drive the mounting plate 610 and the rotating frame 620 to reset.

[0047] Regarding the unloading method, the steps are the reverse of the loading method. That is, the circuit boards in the first positioning groove 210 and the second positioning groove 310 are first received, the circuit boards are moved to the conveyor roller, and then the robotic arm directly takes them away, or the pushing unit of the circuit board unloading mechanism pushes them to the unloading conveyor belt.

[0048] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A circuit board locking structure, characterized in that, It includes a slide (100), a positioning seat (200) fixed on the slide (100), and a clamping seat (300) slidably disposed on the slide (100). The clamping seat (300) can move toward the positioning seat (200) and cooperate with the positioning seat (200) to clamp the circuit board. The positioning base (200) and the clamping base (300) are respectively provided with a first positioning groove (210) and a second positioning groove (310) on their opposite sides for inserting the side of the circuit board; an insertion port (220) is formed on one side of the first positioning groove (210) and the second positioning groove (310). The slide (100) is also provided with a first rod (110) and a second rod (120), both of which are telescopic rods; the two ends of the first rod (110) and the second rod (120) are respectively inserted into the first positioning groove (210) and the second positioning groove (310); a placement area for placing the circuit board is formed between the first rod (110) and the second rod (120); a drive unit (400) is provided in both the first positioning groove (210) and the second positioning groove (310); the first rod (110) and the second rod (120) are connected to the drive unit (400) to control movement; the first rod (110) and the second rod (120) can push the circuit board in and out of the first positioning groove (210) and the second positioning groove (310).

2. The circuit board locking structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both the first positioning groove (210) and the second positioning groove (310) are provided with flexible clamping units (500), and the flexible clamping unit (500) includes a telescopic tube (510), an air supply chamber (520) and a clamping member; The telescopic tube (510) is located on the side of the second rod (120) away from the first rod (110) and is connected to the second rod (120); the air supply chamber (520) is opened at the top of the first positioning groove (210) and the second positioning groove (310), and a plurality of the clamping members are provided in the air supply chamber (520), and the clamping members can pass through the air supply chamber (520) to the clamping circuit board; the telescopic tube (510) is connected to the air supply chamber (520).

3. The circuit board locking structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, A transition cavity (530) is provided on the side of the telescopic tube (510) away from the second rod body (120), and the transition cavity (530) is connected to the telescopic tube (510) and the air supply cavity (520); a valve body is provided at the connection between the telescopic tube (510), the air supply cavity (520) and the transition cavity (530); A plug is provided in the transition cavity (530), and the telescopic tube (510) and the air supply cavity (520) are connected to one side of the plug. An electric push rod (540) is provided in the transition cavity (530) on the side away from the telescopic tube (510), and the telescopic end of the electric push rod (540) is inserted into the transition cavity (530) and connected to the plug.

4. The circuit board locking structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, The clamping component includes a clamping plate (550) horizontally disposed in the air supply chamber (520) and clamping heads (560) evenly disposed at the bottom of the clamping plate (550); a return spring (570) is provided between the bottom wall of the air supply chamber (520) and the clamping plate (550), and the return spring (570) is sleeved on the outside of each clamping head (560); The bottom of the air supply chamber (520) is provided with a tightening hole through which the tightening head (560) passes, and the tightening head (560) is located inside the tightening hole; the bottom of the tightening head (560) is provided with a silicone head; and each tightening head (560) is provided with a pressure sensor at its bottom.

5. The circuit board locking structure according to claim 4, characterized in that, The drive units (400) in the first positioning groove (210) and the second positioning groove (310) are synchronously controlled; the drive unit (400) includes a drive motor, a rotating roller (420) driven by the drive motor, and a conveyor belt (430) tensioned on the rotating roller (420). A flexible limiting strip (440) is provided on the conveyor belt (430). The first rod (110) is fixed on the conveyor belt (430). The flexible limiting strip (440), the conveyor belt (430), and the first rod (110) cooperate to form a limiting groove on the conveyor belt (430). A sliding groove is opened on the side of the flexible limiting strip (440). The two ends of the second rod (120) are respectively inserted into the interior of the two sliding grooves and can move in the sliding grooves. A tensioning spring (410) is provided on the side of the second rod (120) away from the first rod (110).

6. The circuit board locking structure according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The slide table (100) is provided with a feeding / discharging unit (600) on one side near the insertion port (220). The feeding / discharging unit (600) includes a mounting plate (610), a rotating frame (620), conveying rollers, a positioning frame (630), a first adjusting cylinder (640), and a second adjusting cylinder (650). The rotating frame (620) is provided at the upper end of the mounting plate (610), and a plurality of conveying rollers are mounted on the rotating frame (620). One end of the mounting plate (610) is hinged to the side of the slide (100), and the other end is hinged to the rotating frame (620); the two ends of the first adjusting cylinder (640) are respectively hinged to the slide (100) and the mounting plate (610) to drive the mounting plate (610) to rotate; the two ends of the second adjusting cylinder (650) are respectively hinged to the mounting plate (610) and the rotating frame (620) to drive the rotating frame (620) to rotate. One end of the rotating frame (620) extends to the insertion port (220); the positioning frame (630) is mounted on the rotating frame (620), and the positioning frame (630) is located on top of the conveying roller and can form a positioning area for limiting the circuit board at the upper end of the conveying roller.

7. The circuit board locking structure according to claim 6, characterized in that, The conveying rollers include a first conveying roller (660) and a second conveying roller (670). The first conveying roller (660) is located at one end near the rotating frame (620). The diameter of the first conveying roller (660) gradually increases from the positioning frame (630) toward the direction away from the positioning frame (630). The side of the positioning frame (630) near the circuit board is set as an inclined surface.

8. The circuit board locking structure according to claim 7, characterized in that, The positioning frame (630) is provided with guide wheels (680) on its inclined surface.

9. A method for assembling and disassembling a circuit board, applicable to the circuit board locking structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that, include: Step S1: According to the installation instructions, start the drive unit (400) to drive the first rod (110) to move out of the first positioning slot (210) and the second positioning slot (310), open the insertion port (220), and adjust the position of the clamping seat (300) according to the size of the circuit board to be inserted. The first rod (110) and the second rod (120) extend and retract accordingly. Step S2: Align both sides of the circuit board and insert it into the first positioning groove (210) and the second positioning groove (310) and push it in; Step S3: Start the drive unit (400) to drive the first rod (110) to move from outside the first positioning groove (210) and the second positioning groove (310) to inside the first positioning groove (210) and the second positioning groove (310), and the first rod (110) pushes the circuit board to move until the circuit board abuts against the second rod (120); Step S4: Continue to control the drive unit (400) to push the first rod (110) to compress the telescopic tube (510), push the gas in the telescopic tube (510) into the transition chamber (530) and stop moving. Start the electric push rod (540) to push the gas into the air supply chamber (520). Relying on the air pressure, drive the tightening head (560) downward to pass through the tightening circuit board and complete the installation of the circuit board. Step S5: According to the disassembly command, control the electric push rod (540) to reset, the gas in the air supply chamber (520) enters the transition chamber (530), the clamping head (560) resets and releases the clamp on the circuit board; start the drive unit (400) to drive the first rod (110) and the second rod (120) to move and push the circuit board out of the first positioning groove (210) and the second positioning groove (310). In step S5, the electric push rod (540) is started again to push the gas into the telescopic tube (510) to assist the circuit board in discharging. After the circuit board is detected to be disengaged from the first positioning groove (210) and the second positioning groove (310), the electric push rod (540) is reset, and the control drive unit (400) drives the first rod body (110) to close the insertion port (220).

10. The method for disassembling and assembling a circuit board according to claim 9, characterized in that, The disassembly and assembly method further includes a material feeding method, which includes: Step D1: According to the feeding instruction, control the first adjusting cylinder (640) to raise the mounting plate (610) to a horizontal state, and control the second adjusting cylinder (650) to adjust the angle of the rotating frame (620) so that the tilt angle of the rotating frame (620) matches the angle of the circuit board feeding mechanism. Step D2: Start the circuit board feeding mechanism to transport the circuit board onto the conveying roller of the rotating frame (620); Step D3: Start the first conveying roller (660) and the second conveying roller (670) to convey the circuit board. During the conveying of the first conveying roller (660), the circuit board moves to the side and fits against the positioning frame (630), and then is conveyed to the insertion port (220) by the second conveying roller (670). Step D4: When the circuit board is detected to have entered the first positioning groove (210), the first adjusting cylinder (640) and the second adjusting cylinder (650) are controlled to adjust the rotating frame (620) to a horizontal state that is consistent with the height of the insertion port (220). Step D5: When it is detected that the circuit board has fully entered the first positioning groove (210), the first adjusting cylinder (640) and the second adjusting cylinder (650) are controlled to drive the mounting plate (610) and the rotating frame (620) to reset.

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