Feed reactor

Abstract

The present invention provides a feeding reactor, which comprises: a housing having a feeding port and a distribution cavity which are communicated with each other, the feeding port being located below the distribution cavity; the multiple distribution plates are arranged above the feeding port at intervals in the axis direction of the distribution cavity, a distribution cavity is formed between every two adjacent distribution plates, and the bottom of each distribution cavity communicates with the feeding port; the first baffle plates are annularly arranged in the distribution cavities, the first baffle plates are fixedly connected with the distribution plates located on the upper layers of the distribution cavities, gaps are formed between the lower edges of the first baffle plates and the distribution plates located on the lower layers of the distribution cavities, and the distribution cavities are communicated with the distribution cavities through the gaps. By applying the technical scheme provided by the invention, the problem of non-uniform distribution of substances in the reactor in the prior art can be solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of chemical reactor technology, and more specifically, to a feed reactor. Background Technology

[0002] In industrial-scale chemical equipment, materials inevitably flow from a small inlet into a large equipment space and then exit through a small outlet. Due to the influence of fluid dynamic phenomena such as channel cross-sectional expansion and deflection, boundary layer separation, and inlet jet entrainment, uneven fluid distribution is common. Uneven fluid distribution leads to differences in material residence time within the equipment, as well as uneven temperature and concentration distribution. This can result in flow "dead zones," coking, scaling, or even blockage, leading to decreased heat and mass transfer efficiency, and reduced product selectivity and yield within the reactor.

[0003] In existing technologies, multi-layer plate distributors are typically installed inside the feed reactor to enhance fluid distribution. However, current multi-layer plate distributors have relatively large plate spacing, resulting in low horizontal jet velocity of the gas-liquid two-phase reactants entering the reactor from the distributor outlet. This leads to several issues: firstly, due to the height difference between the feed pipe outlet and the reactor bottom end cap, the fluid enters the reactor from the inlet and flows upwards from the center and downwards along the sides, easily creating a flow dead zone at the bottom of the reactor. This can cause solid phase deposition, coking, and scaling in this area. Secondly, the short horizontal jet distance results in most of the gas phase rising from the center as large bubbles, exacerbating the uneven fluid distribution at the bottom of the reactor. Furthermore, this causes instability at the gas-liquid interface at the bottom of the reactor, affecting the distribution effect of the secondary distributor above the end cap and leading to unstable internal reactor conditions. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides a feed reactor to solve the problem of uneven material distribution within reactors in the prior art.

[0005] This invention provides a feeding reactor, comprising: a shell having an inlet and a distribution chamber that are interconnected, the inlet being located below the distribution chamber; multiple distribution plates spaced apart above the inlet along the axial direction of the distribution chamber, with a distribution chamber formed between adjacent distribution plates, the bottom of the distribution chamber communicating with the inlet; and a first baffle plate annularly disposed within the distribution chamber, the first baffle plate being fixedly connected to a distribution plate located above each distribution chamber, and a gap between the lower edge of the first baffle plate and a distribution plate located below, the distribution chamber communicating with the distribution chamber through the gap.

[0006] Furthermore, the feed reactor also includes: a second baffle plate, which is arranged in a ring within the distribution chamber. The second baffle plate is fixedly connected to the distribution plate located in the lower layer of each distribution chamber, and there is a gap between the upper edge of the second baffle plate and the distribution plate located in the upper layer. The second baffle plate is located in the inner ring of the first baffle plate, and the second baffle plate is spaced apart from the first baffle plate.

[0007] Furthermore, along the direction away from the feed inlet, the diameter of the multiple second baffles gradually decreases.

[0008] Furthermore, along the direction away from the feed inlet, the diameter of the multiple first baffles gradually decreases.

[0009] Furthermore, the ratio of the height of the first baffle plate to the distance between the two distribution plates is between 0.8 and 0.95, and the ratio of the height of the second baffle plate to the distance between the two distribution plates is between 0.6 and 0.95.

[0010] Furthermore, the distribution plate includes a shelf and a top plate. The shelf has a flow port in the center, and the distribution cavity is connected to the feed port through the flow port. The top plate is located above the shelf.

[0011] Furthermore, the distribution plate also includes a sealing plate, which is disposed below the layer plate. The sealing plate has an opening, and the periphery of the sealing plate is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the shell. The feed reactor also has a feed pipe, which passes through the feed inlet and is fixedly connected to the opening.

[0012] Furthermore, the top plate has a flow guide block on the side opposite to the shelf, and the diameter of the flow guide block gradually decreases along the direction from the shelf to the top plate.

[0013] Furthermore, the bottom of the first baffle plate has multiple slots, which are arranged in annular intervals.

[0014] Furthermore, the feed reactor also has multiple supports for connecting two adjacent distribution plates, with multiple supports distributed in a ring at intervals within the same distribution chamber.

[0015] By applying the technical solution provided in this application, during normal operation, the gas-phase and slurry mixture enters the distribution chamber through the feed inlet. Under the guiding effect of the multi-layer distribution plates, it is divided into multiple streams along the reactor axis. Each stream is individually distributed in its corresponding distribution chamber, forming an axial multi-layer distribution pattern. Each layer of fluid, through the placement of a first baffle between adjacent distribution plates, significantly reduces the flow cross-sectional area between adjacent distribution plates as the fluid flows into the reactor, thereby greatly increasing its outlet velocity. This increases the horizontal spray distance of the fluid on each distribution plate and expands its distribution range across the reactor cross-section, improving the situation where the gas phase mainly flows upwards from the center and the fluid distribution is uneven, as seen in existing technologies, thus improving the material distribution effect. Furthermore, increasing the material outlet velocity prevents the material from flowing downwards due to low velocity, thus avoiding the accumulation of solid particles at the bottom of the shell head, leading to deposition and coking. By applying the technical solution of this application, the uniformity of material distribution within the distributor can be guaranteed, preventing material deposition and ensuring subsequent production. Attached Figure Description

[0016] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this application, are used to provide a further understanding of the invention. The illustrative embodiments of the invention and their descriptions are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an undue limitation of the invention. In the drawings:

[0017] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the feed distributor according to the first embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0018] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the feed distributor according to the second embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0019] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the feed distributor according to the third embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0020] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the feed distributor according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0021] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure of the first baffle provided by the present invention is shown.

[0022] The above figures include the following reference numerals:

[0023] 100. Shell; 101. Inlet; 102. Distribution cavity; 110. Inlet pipe;

[0024] 200. Distribution plate; 201. Distribution cavity; 210. Shelf; 211. Flow port; 220. Top plate; 230. Sealing plate; 240. Flow guide block;

[0025] 300. First baffle plate; 310. Grooving;

[0026] 400. Second baffle plate. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative and is in no way intended to limit the present invention or its application or use. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0028] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, this embodiment of the invention provides a feed reactor, which can be a bubble column reactor, a fluidized bed reactor, a slurry bed reactor, or a suspended bed reactor, etc. The feed reactor includes a shell 100, multiple distribution plates 200, and a first baffle plate 300. The shell 100 has an inlet 101 and a distribution cavity 102 that are interconnected, with the inlet 101 located below the distribution cavity 102. Multiple distribution plates 200 are spaced apart above the inlet 101 along the axial direction of the distribution cavity 102, forming a distribution cavity 201 between adjacent distribution plates 200. The bottom of the distribution cavity 201 is connected to the inlet 101. The first baffle plate 300 is annularly disposed within the distribution cavity 201, and is fixedly connected to the distribution plate 200 located above each distribution cavity 201. The lower edge of the first baffle plate 300 is spaced apart from the lower distribution plate 201, and the distribution cavity 201 is connected to the distribution cavity 102 through the spaced-apartments.

[0029] Applying the technical solution provided in this application, during normal operation, the gas-phase and slurry mixture enters the distribution chamber 102 through the feed inlet 101. Under the guiding effect of the multi-layer distribution plates 200, it is divided into multiple streams along the reactor axis. Each stream is individually distributed in its corresponding distribution chamber 201, forming an axial multi-layer distribution pattern. Each layer of fluid, through the placement of a first baffle 300 between adjacent distribution plates 200, significantly reduces the flow cross-sectional area between adjacent distribution plates 200 as the fluid flows towards the reactor, thereby greatly increasing its outlet velocity. This increases the horizontal spray distance of the fluid on each distribution plate 200 and expands its distribution range across the reactor cross-section, improving the situation where the gas phase mainly flows upwards from the center and the fluid distribution is uneven in the prior art, thus improving the material distribution effect. On the other hand, increasing the material outlet velocity prevents the material from flowing downwards due to low velocity, causing solid particles to accumulate at the bottom of the shell 100 head, resulting in deposition and coking. By applying the technical solution of this application, the uniformity of material distribution within the distributor can be guaranteed, preventing material deposition and ensuring subsequent production.

[0030] Specifically, in this application, the number of layers of the distribution plate 200 can be adjusted according to the feed flow rate to ensure that the fluid flow rate distributed on each layer of the distribution chamber 102 is appropriate, thereby improving its uniformity of distribution in the reactor. For example... Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, in the first and second embodiments provided in this application, the distribution plate 200 has 4 layers, forming a total of 3 distribution cavities 102; as Figure 3 As shown, in the third embodiment provided in this application, the distribution plate 200 has 3 layers, forming a total of 2 distribution cavities 102; as Figure 4 As shown, in the fourth embodiment provided in this application, the distribution plate 200 has 2 layers, forming a total of 1 layer of distribution cavity 102.

[0031] Furthermore, referring to Figures 2 to 4As shown, in the second to fourth embodiments of this application, the feed reactor further includes a second baffle plate 400. The second baffle plate 400 is arranged annularly within the distribution chamber 201. The second baffle plate 400 is fixedly connected to the lower distribution plate 200 of each distribution chamber 201, and there is a gap between the upper edge of the second baffle plate 400 and the upper distribution plate 200. The second baffle plate 400 is located in the inner ring of the first baffle plate 300, and the second baffle plate 400 and the first baffle plate 300 are spaced apart. With this arrangement, the second baffle plate 400 can appropriately dissipate energy of the fluid, buffering it before it enters the reactor, controlling the flow rate of the slurry phase entering the reactor, reducing fluid disturbance at the bottom of the reactor, and helping to maintain the stability of the gas-liquid interface, thereby reducing coking on the reactor wall. On the other hand, the second baffle plate 400 can act as a baffle, enhancing gas-liquid shearing and mixing when the fluid passes over the second baffle plate 400, dispersing the gas phase in the form of small bubbles, and improving gas-liquid mass transfer within the head.

[0032] It is understood that the first baffle 300 and the second baffle 400 provided in this application are both coaxially arranged with the feed inlet 101 to ensure the uniformity of fluid diffusion in the circumferential direction.

[0033] Similarly, the distribution plates 200 provided in this application are all circular to match the shape of the housing 100, ensuring the uniformity of fluid diffusion in the circumferential direction and preventing dead zones.

[0034] In some feasible embodiments of this application, the diameters of the plurality of second baffles 400 gradually decrease along the direction away from the feed inlet 101. With this configuration, as the material surges upward, the amount of material entering each distribution chamber 201 is controlled by the flow-stopping effect of the openings in the distribution plate 200 and the second baffles 400, resulting in different flow rates of material through each distribution chamber 201. Thus, along the radial direction of the reactor, the flow velocities of the material exiting the plurality of distribution chambers 201 are unequal; that is, the material velocity at the outer periphery is greater than the material velocity at the inner layer, reducing material deposition at the outer periphery and ensuring material uniformity.

[0035] Furthermore, along the direction away from the feed inlet 101, the diameters of the multiple first baffles 300 gradually decrease. Since the material flow velocity differs within each distribution chamber 201, this arrangement allows each distribution chamber 201 to be matched with different flow rates. As the flow rate gradually decreases as the material flows upwards layer by layer, it is necessary to reduce the diameter of the first baffles 300 to maintain a certain outlet velocity and high kinetic energy, enabling the material to diffuse a greater distance in the horizontal direction of the reactor.

[0036] In some embodiments of this application, the ratio of the height of the first baffle 300 to the distance between the two distribution plates 200 is between 0.8 and 0.95. When the ratio is less than 0.8, the distance between the first baffle 300 and the next layer distribution plate 200 is too small, which cannot effectively increase the fluid velocity and results in poor circumferential distribution of the material. When the ratio is greater than 0.95, the distance between the first baffle 300 and the next layer distribution plate 200 is too large, resulting in greater flow resistance and affecting the flow efficiency of the material. In this application, setting the ratio of the height of the first baffle 300 to the distance between the two distribution plates 200 to between 0.8 and 0.95 ensures the flow effect of the material. Specifically, the ratio can be 0.8, 0.85, or 0.95, etc.

[0037] Similarly, the ratio of the height of the second baffle 400 to the distance between the two distribution plates 200 is between 0.6 and 0.95. When the ratio is less than 0.6, the ratio is too small, resulting in a weak flow-blocking effect of the second baffle 400 on the fluid; conversely, a ratio greater than 0.95 would excessively impede fluid flow. In this application, by setting the ratio of the height of the second baffle 400 to the distance between the two distribution plates 200 to between 0.6 and 0.95, a good flow-blocking effect can be ensured when the fluid passes through the second baffle 400. Specifically, the ratio can be set to 0.6, 0.8, or 0.95.

[0038] Specifically, the distribution plate 200 includes a shelf 210 and a top plate 220. The shelf 210 has a flow port 211 at its center, and the distribution chamber 201 is connected to the feed port 101 through the flow port 211. The top plate 220 is located above the shelf 210. After the material enters the reactor from the feed port 101, it continues to surge upward under inertia and enters the distributor through the flow port 211 of the shelf 210. Part of the fluid diffuses outward along the distribution shelf 210, while another part flows upward layer by layer through the flow port 211 at the center of the shelf 210 and diffuses outward along each shelf 210. The fluid that surges to the top of the distributor collides with the top plate 220. Since the top plate 220 is not perforated, the material is dispersed outward by the obstruction of the top plate 220 and cannot continue to flow upward. Thus, after the material enters the reactor from the feed inlet 101, it is first divided into multiple streams in the longitudinal direction at the bottom of the reactor by the diversion effect of the multi-layer plate 210, and each stream of material is then evenly distributed in the transverse cross section of the reactor.

[0039] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown in the first and second embodiments of this application, the distribution plate 200 further includes a sealing plate 230, which is disposed below the layer plate 210. The sealing plate 230 has an opening, and its periphery is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the shell 100. The feed reactor also has a feed pipe 110, which passes through the feed inlet 101 and is fixedly connected to the opening. With this configuration, after the material enters the reactor from the feed inlet 101, one stream of fluid diffuses upwards along the sealing plate 230, while the remaining fluid continues to distribute upwards layer by layer. This avoids the problem of solid phase deposition at the bottom caused by the second baffle plate 400 being a certain distance above the bottom of the reactor, and prevents the formation of flow dead zones that could lead to solid particle deposition and coking.

[0040] Furthermore, the top plate 220 has a guide block 240 on the side opposite to the shelf 210, and the diameter of the guide block 240 gradually decreases along the direction from the shelf 210 to the top plate 220. This arrangement allows solid particles to slide down along the wall of the guide block 240, preventing solid particles from depositing and accumulating above the top plate 220 and forming focal points.

[0041] In this application, the bottom of the first baffle 300 has multiple slots 310, which are arranged annularly at intervals. With this arrangement, after the material enters the multiple distribution chambers 201 from the flow port 211, it can flow out through the multiple slots 310 at the bottom of the first baffle 300. This allows the feed material to be dispersed more evenly and stably in the circumferential direction, reducing disturbance to the liquid surface at the bottom of the reactor and maintaining the stability of the upper air cushion layer. Furthermore, the slots 310 can act as a shearing agent, breaking the gas phase in the feed into small bubbles, further improving the stability of the fluid-liquid two-phase system.

[0042] Furthermore, a similar slotted structure can be provided on the top of the second baffle 400 to further manage the bubbles.

[0043] Specifically, the feed reactor also has multiple supports for connecting two adjacent distribution plates 200. These supports are arranged in a ring at intervals within the same distribution chamber 201. The supports can be structures such as support columns or support plates, which, while providing support, also further organize the fluid and improve its mixing effect.

[0044] The distributor structures proposed in existing technologies and Examples 1-4 were installed in a 300mm diameter acrylic reactor. Several pressure probes were installed at the bottom of the reactor, and a cold model experiment of an air-water system was conducted. The liquid velocity in the empty tower was 2.5cm / s, and the gas velocity in the empty tower ranged from 0 to 7.5cm / s. The variance of the pressure fluctuation at the bottom of the reactor as the apparent gas velocity increased is shown in Table 1. Bubble images of the reactor were captured using a high-speed camera, and the average bubble diameter was obtained after image processing, as shown in Table 2.

[0045] Table 1. Variance of pressure fluctuation at the bottom of the reactor

[0046]

[0047] Table 2 Average diameter of bubbles at the bottom of the reactor

[0048]

[0049] As can be seen from Table 1, when using the distributors proposed in Examples 1-4 of this invention, the pressure fluctuations at the bottom head of the reactor are smaller than those using the prior art. In particular, when using the two distributor structures proposed in Examples 2 and 3, the pressure fluctuations inside the bottom head of the reactor are significantly reduced, which is beneficial to the stability of the gas-liquid interface and thus ensures the distribution effect of the secondary distributor, making the gas-liquid distribution in the entire reactor uniform.

[0050] As can be seen from Table 2, after the gas phase in the feed material is distributed using the distributor proposed in this invention, the diameter of the generated bubbles is significantly reduced, which can effectively prevent the generation of large bubbles and is beneficial to improving gas-liquid mass transfer in the end cap.

[0051] It should be noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to this application. As used herein, the singular form is intended to include the plural form as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Furthermore, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components, and / or combinations thereof.

[0052] Unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement, numerical expressions, and values ​​of the components and steps set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the invention. It should also be understood that, for ease of description, the dimensions of the various parts shown in the drawings are not drawn to actual scale. Techniques, methods, and devices known to those skilled in the art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, such techniques, methods, and devices should be considered part of the specification. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values ​​should be interpreted as merely exemplary and not as limitations. Therefore, other examples of exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters in the following figures denote similar items; therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further discussed in subsequent figures.

[0053] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by directional terms such as "front, back, up, down, left, right", "horizontal, vertical, horizontal" and "top, bottom" is generally based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description. Unless otherwise stated, these directional terms do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation on the scope of protection of this invention; the directional terms "inner" and "outer" refer to the inner and outer contours relative to the outline of each component itself.

[0054] For ease of description, spatial relative terms such as "above," "on top of," "on the upper surface of," "above," etc., are used herein to describe the spatial positional relationship of a device or feature as shown in the figures to other devices or features. It should be understood that spatial relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations in use or operation beyond the orientation of the device as described in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures were inverted, a device described as "above" or "on top of" other devices or structures would subsequently be positioned as "below" or "under" other devices or structures. Thus, the exemplary term "above" can include both "above" and "below." The device may also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatial relative descriptions used herein will be interpreted accordingly.

[0055] Furthermore, it should be noted that the use of terms such as "first" and "second" to define components is merely for the purpose of distinguishing the corresponding components. Unless otherwise stated, the above terms have no special meaning and therefore should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this invention.

[0056] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A feed reactor characterized in that, The feeding reactor comprises: a shell (100) having a feeding port (101) and a distribution cavity (102) in communication with each other, wherein the feeding port (101) is located below the distribution cavity (102); a plurality of distribution plates (200) arranged in the axial direction of the distribution cavity (102) above the feeding port (101), wherein two adjacent distribution plates (200) form a distribution cavity (201) therebetween, and the bottom of the distribution cavity (201) is in communication with the feeding port (101); a first baffle plate (300) arranged annularly in the distribution cavity (201), wherein the first baffle plate (300) is fixedly connected with the distribution plate (200) located at the upper layer of each distribution cavity (201), and the lower edge of the first baffle plate (300) has a spacing with the distribution plate (200) located at the lower layer, and the distribution cavity (201) is in communication with the distribution cavity (102) through the spacing.

2. The feed reactor of claim 1, wherein, The feeding reactor further comprises: a second baffle plate (400) arranged annularly in the distribution cavity (201), wherein the second baffle plate (400) is fixedly connected with the distribution plate (200) located at the lower layer of each distribution cavity (201), and the upper edge of the second baffle plate (400) has a spacing with the distribution plate (200) located at the upper layer, and the second baffle plate (400) is located in the inner circle of the first baffle plate (300), and the second baffle plate (400) is arranged in a spaced manner with the first baffle plate (300).

3. The feed reactor of claim 2, wherein, The diameters of the plurality of second baffle plates (400) gradually decrease in the direction away from the feeding port (101).

4. The feed reactor of claim 1, wherein, The diameters of the plurality of first baffle plates (300) gradually decrease in the direction away from the feeding port (101).

5. The feed reactor of claim 2, wherein, The ratio of the height of the first baffle plate (300) to the spacing between two distribution plates (200) is between 0.8 and 0.95, and the ratio of the height of the second baffle plate (400) to the spacing between two distribution plates (200) is between 0.6 and 0.

95.

6. The feed reactor of claim 1, wherein, The distribution plate (200) comprises a layer plate (210) and a top plate (220), wherein the center of the layer plate (210) has a flow-through port (211), the distribution cavity (201) is in communication with the feeding port (101) through the flow-through port (211), and the top plate (220) is located above the layer plate (210).

7. The feed reactor of claim 6, wherein, The distribution plate (200) further comprises a blocking plate (230) arranged below the layer plate (210), wherein the blocking plate (230) has an opening, the peripheral edge of the blocking plate (230) is fixedly connected with the inner wall surface of the shell (100), and the feeding reactor further has a feeding pipe (110) fixedly connected with the feeding port (101) and the opening.

8. The feed reactor of claim 6, wherein, The side of the top plate (220) away from the layer plate (210) has a flow guide block (240), and the diameter of the flow guide block (240) gradually decreases in the direction from the layer plate (210) to the top plate (220).

9. The feed reactor of claim 1, wherein, The bottom of the first baffle (300) has a plurality of slots (310), and the plurality of slots (310) are annularly and spacedly arranged.

10. The feed reactor of claim 1, wherein, The feed reactor also has a plurality of supports for connecting two adjacent distribution plates (200), and the plurality of supports are annularly and spacedly distributed in the same distribution cavity (201).

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