W-VO2-coated TiO2 composite functional filler, preparation method thereof and temperature self-adaptive coating

Abstract

The invention relates to a W-VO2-coated TiO2 composite functional filler, a preparation method thereof and a temperature self-adaptive coating, and the preparation method of the composite functional filler comprises the following steps: drying W-VO2 powder, and dispersing the dried W-VO2 powder in absolute ethyl alcohol to form a suspension A; slowly dropwise adding the phthalein precursor into the other part of the mixed solution of absolute ethyl alcohol and glacial acetic acid under continuous stirring, and stirring to form clear TiO2 precursor sol B; slowly dropwise adding the suspension A into the sol B under violent stirring, and reacting; and after the reaction is finished, cooling the obtained reaction liquid to room temperature, standing, aging, centrifugally separating, washing the precipitate, drying, carrying out heat treatment on the dried precursor powder in an air atmosphere, and naturally cooling to obtain the W-VO2-coated TiO2 composite functional filler. Through the unique core-shell structure design, the inherent contradiction between the dark color intrinsic characteristic of the W-VO2 material and the high visible light reflectivity requirement of the coating is perfectly solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of reflective heat-insulating coating technology, and in particular to a W-VO2@TiO2 composite functional filler, its preparation method, and a temperature-adaptive coating. Background Technology

[0002] Building energy conservation is a key aspect of reducing total social energy consumption, and regulating solar radiation heat gain through building envelopes is an important technological approach. Solar heat-reflective coatings, as a highly efficient passive cooling technology, have been widely used. These coatings typically achieve efficient reflection and insulation of the solar spectrum, especially the visible light band (400-780 nm), by adding high-refractive-index white pigments (such as rutile titanium dioxide) and heat-insulating functional fillers (such as hollow glass microspheres) to the matrix. This reduces the absorption of solar radiation by building surfaces and decreases energy consumption for air conditioning in summer.

[0003] However, traditional reflective thermal insulation coatings have two inherent limitations. First, their reflective properties are static and unchanging. This means that while they can effectively insulate against heat in hot seasons, their consistently high reflectivity in cold seasons or regions with large diurnal temperature variations can hinder buildings from passively warming their interiors by absorbing solar radiation, potentially increasing heating demand and leading to a "negative energy-saving effect." Second, the reflective efficiency of traditional coatings is highly dependent on their scattering of visible light. For the near-infrared band (780-2500 nm), which accounts for more than half of the total solar radiation energy, their reflectivity is limited unless special and expensive near-infrared reflective pigments and fillers are used, restricting further improvements in their overall thermal insulation performance.

[0004] To overcome the limitations of static reflection, researchers have turned their attention to smart materials with temperature-induced phase transition properties, such as vanadium dioxide (VO2). VO2 undergoes a reversible metal-insulator phase transition at approximately 68°C, and its transmittance and reflection of near-infrared light change significantly before and after the phase transition. By doping with elements such as tungsten (W), its phase transition temperature (Tc) can be precisely controlled to the room temperature range (20-30°C) required for building energy conservation. This makes it possible to develop a smart coating that can automatically adjust its optical properties according to ambient temperature, theoretically achieving adaptive energy conservation by "allowing more heat gain at low temperatures and strong reflection at high temperatures."

[0005] Although tungsten-doped vanadium dioxide (W-VO2) powder is commercially available, its direct application in water-based reflective coatings still faces significant challenges, primarily due to the inherent physicochemical properties of W-VO2. The primary issue lies in the contradiction between its dark intrinsic color (typically dark brown or dark green) and the design requirement of high visible light reflectivity. Directly incorporating W-VO2 powder severely sacrifices the coating's brightness and visible light reflectivity, resulting in a dark coating color. This not only limits the coating's decorative function but also weakens its basic reflectivity in the visible light band. Secondly, W-VO2 nanoparticles are prone to agglomeration in aqueous media due to their high surface energy, making it difficult to form a stable and uniform dispersion, affecting coating uniformity and functionality. More critically, W-VO2 exhibits insufficient chemical stability in the presence of water and oxygen; the vanadium element is easily oxidized to the +5 valence state, losing its phase transition capability, causing the coating's intelligent temperature regulation function to rapidly degrade in aqueous systems.

[0006] In summary, the current technological bottleneck lies in the fact that existing static reflective coatings cannot achieve intelligent thermal regulation adapted to the seasons, while W-VO2 materials, which have the potential for intelligent response, are difficult to directly prepare into high-performance waterborne coatings with both high visible light reflectivity and efficient near-infrared intelligent regulation capabilities due to inherent defects in color, dispersibility, and stability. This invention aims to overcome this key technological challenge. Summary of the Invention

[0007] To address the aforementioned issues, a W-VO2@TiO2 composite functional filler, its preparation method, and a temperature-adaptive coating are provided. The optical properties of this adaptive coating can respond reversibly to changes in ambient temperature within the range of 20-30℃, thereby allowing more solar heat gain (thermal insulation) at low temperatures and achieving efficient solar heat reflection (thermal insulation) at high temperatures, thus achieving the goal of year-round adaptive building energy conservation.

[0008] The specific technical solution is as follows: The first aspect of this invention is to provide a method for preparing a W-VO2@TiO2 composite functional filler, comprising: Under vigorous stirring, a suspension of tungsten-doped vanadium dioxide powder was slowly added dropwise to the TiO2 precursor sol. After the addition was complete, the mixture was heated to 50-70°C and reacted at a constant temperature for 2-4 hours. After the reaction is complete, the resulting reaction solution is cooled to room temperature and allowed to stand for 12-24 hours. After centrifugation, the precipitate is washed clean and dried. Then, the dried precursor powder is heated to 400-500℃ in air at a heating rate of 2-5℃ / min and kept at this temperature for 1-2 hours. After natural cooling, a W-VO2@TiO2 composite functional filler can be obtained.

[0009] Furthermore, the suspension is prepared by dispersing dried tungsten-doped vanadium dioxide powder in anhydrous ethanol at a mass-to-volume ratio of 1:(20-50) to form a suspension.

[0010] Furthermore, the preparation method of TiO2 precursor sol is as follows: the phthaloyl precursor is slowly added dropwise to a mixed solution of anhydrous ethanol and glacial acetic acid under continuous stirring, and stirred to form a clear TiO2 precursor sol; wherein, the volume ratio of anhydrous ethanol to glacial acetic acid in the precursor sol is (8-10):1, and the volume ratio of phthaloyl precursor to anhydrous ethanol is 1:(10-16); the mass ratio of tungsten-doped vanadium dioxide powder to phthaloyl precursor in the suspension and precursor sol is 1:(1.0-1.5).

[0011] Furthermore, the phase transition temperature of tungsten-doped vanadium dioxide powder is 20-30℃.

[0012] A second aspect of the present invention is to provide a W-VO2@TiO2 composite functional filler prepared according to the above preparation method.

[0013] A third aspect of the present invention is to provide a heat-insulating and reflective coating of W-VO2@TiO2 composite functional filler, comprising, by weight percentage, 35-55% waterborne acrylic resin emulsion, 10-20% W-VO2@TiO2 composite functional filler, 9.3-10.7% additives, and the balance being water.

[0014] Furthermore, the waterborne acrylic resin emulsion is a single-component waterborne acrylic resin emulsion with a solid content ≥45%.

[0015] Furthermore, by weight ratio, the additives include 1-2% thickening thixotropic agent, 1-1.5% dispersant, 1-5% film-forming aid, 0.1-1% anti-flash rust inhibitor, 1-5% defoamer, 0.2-1% wetting and leveling agent, and 0.1-1% pH adjuster.

[0016] Furthermore, the thickening thixotropic agent is fumed silica with a particle size of 200-300 nm.

[0017] Furthermore, the dispersant is a polycarboxylate type, the film-forming aid is a dodecyl alcohol ester, the flash rust inhibitor is an organozinc chelate solution, the defoamer is an aqueous organosilicon, the leveling agent is a dimethylsiloxane, and the pH adjuster is an aminomethylbenzene alcohol.

[0018] The beneficial effects of the above scheme are: (1) This invention successfully achieves a fundamental leap in the thermal management function of coatings from "static isolation" to "dynamic self-adaptation". Traditional reflective thermal insulation coatings have fixed solar reflectivity, which hinders buildings from obtaining free solar radiation heat in cold seasons, resulting in a "negative energy-saving effect" that increases heating energy consumption. However, the coating obtained by this invention can sensitively respond to changes in ambient temperature, and undergo reversible optical performance switching in the key comfort and energy-saving range of 20-30℃: when the temperature is below 20℃, it maintains high transmittance to the near-infrared part of sunlight, with a transmittance of over 60%, effectively promoting indoor heat gain and playing a role in heat preservation; when the temperature exceeds 30℃, it quickly transforms into a high reflectivity state for all wavelengths of sunlight (especially near-infrared light), with a reflectivity of over 80%, achieving excellent heat insulation and cooling effects. This allows the building envelope to automatically adjust its thermal behavior according to the season and diurnal temperature difference. According to simulation calculations, the coating provided by this invention can achieve an additional 15%-25% annual energy-saving benefit compared to traditional static coatings.

[0019] (2) This invention, through its unique core-shell structure design, perfectly resolves the inherent contradiction between the dark intrinsic color of W-VO2 material and the requirement for high visible light reflectivity in the coating. Direct use of W-VO2 powder inevitably results in a dark coating color and low visible light reflectivity, severely restricting its practical application. This invention utilizes the strong scattering effect of the high-refractive-index titanium dioxide shell on visible light to effectively mask the dark W-VO2 core, resulting in a final coating with high brightness (L* value > 85) and excellent total solar reflectance (TSR > 0.85). It can easily produce various light-colored appearances, including pure white, greatly expanding its applicability in architectural aesthetics design, while also laying the physical foundation for high reflectivity.

[0020] (3) This invention significantly improves the applicability of functional fillers in aqueous systems and the long-term environmental durability of coatings. Untreated W-VO2 nanoparticles are prone to agglomeration in aqueous media and have unstable chemical properties. Their phase change function will rapidly degrade under humid and hot environments. After being coated with titanium dioxide, its surface properties are optimized, and a uniform and stable dispersion can be obtained in aqueous resins through conventional dispersion processes, with a particle size distribution index (PDI) of less than 0.2. More importantly, the dense TiO2 shell acts as a robust physical barrier, effectively isolating the W-VO2 core from the erosion of water, oxygen, etc. After 4500 hours of accelerated aging test under artificial climate, the retention rate of the coating's intelligent temperature regulation function still exceeds 90%, far exceeding that of the uncoated sample, ensuring the long service life of the product in real outdoor environments. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 The XRD patterns of the W-VO2@TiO2 composite functional filler before and after phase transition provided in the embodiments of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a SEM image of the W-VO2@TiO2 composite functional filler provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in the present invention can be combined with each other.

[0024] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, but this is not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

[0025] This invention provides a W-VO2@TiO2 composite functional filler, the preparation method of which is as follows: Tungsten-doped vanadium dioxide powder was dried and dispersed in anhydrous ethanol at a mass-to-volume ratio of 1:(20-50) to form suspension A. The phthaloyl precursor was slowly added dropwise to another mixture of anhydrous ethanol and glacial acetic acid under continuous stirring to form a clear TiO2 precursor sol B. The volume ratio of anhydrous ethanol to glacial acetic acid in sol B was (8-10):1, and the volume ratio of phthaloyl precursor to anhydrous ethanol was 1:(10-15). The mass ratio of tungsten-doped vanadium dioxide powder to phthaloyl precursor in the suspension and precursor sol was 1:(1.0-1.5). Under vigorous stirring, slowly add suspension A dropwise to sol B. After the addition is complete, heat the mixture to 50-70℃ and react at a constant temperature for 2-4 hours. After the reaction is complete, the resulting reaction solution is cooled to room temperature and allowed to stand for 12-24 hours. After centrifugation, the precipitate is washed clean and dried. Then, the dried precursor powder is heated to 400-500℃ in air at a heating rate of 2-5℃ / min and kept at this temperature for 1-2 hours. After natural cooling, a W-VO2@TiO2 composite functional filler can be obtained.

[0026] The heat treatment temperature is the critical condition for achieving a high refractive index and high stability TiO2 shell. At this temperature, amorphous TiO2 hydrates transform into anatase crystals, with a refractive index (~2.5) much higher than the amorphous form (~1.8), thus scattering visible light most effectively and achieving high reflectivity and a white appearance for the coating. Simultaneously, this temperature is sufficient to densify the shell, forming a robust protective layer, but it is below the threshold where the sintering temperature or phase transition temperature of W-VO2 is destroyed. If the heat treatment temperature is too low, the TiO2 shell has poor crystallinity and is porous, resulting in a low refractive index, weak hiding power, a grayish-white coating with poor reflectivity, limited protection for the W-VO2 core, and poor durability. If the temperature is too high, the W-VO2 core may be oxidized into V2O5, which has no phase transition capability, or interparticle sintering and agglomeration may occur, completely losing the intelligent temperature regulation function.

[0027] Example 1 This embodiment provides a W-VO2@TiO2 composite functional filler, the preparation method of which includes: Accurately weigh 20.0 g of tungsten-doped vanadium dioxide powder (commercially available, phase transition temperature 22℃, average particle size (D50) 120 nm, tungsten doping amount 2 at%) and place it in an 80℃ vacuum drying oven to dry for 3 hours to completely remove surface adsorbed water. Then transfer it to a 1000 mL three-necked flask, add 800 mL of anhydrous ethanol, and place the flask under an ultrasonic cell disruptor to disperse and form a uniform and stable suspension A. In another beaker, measure 320 mL of anhydrous ethanol and 32 mL of glacial acetic acid and mix them thoroughly. Under magnetic stirring, slowly add 20 mL of tetrabutyl titanate (TBOT) dropwise to the mixed solution using a constant pressure dropping funnel, controlling the addition time to 30 minutes. Continue stirring to obtain a clear and transparent TiO2 precursor sol B. Under vigorous mechanical stirring, suspension A was slowly added dropwise to sol B through a constant pressure dropping funnel; after the addition was complete, the reaction system was heated to 60°C and refluxed at this temperature for 3 hours. After the reaction is complete, allow the reaction solution to cool naturally to room temperature, let it stand for 18 hours, centrifuge to separate the precipitate, wash the precipitate three times alternately with anhydrous ethanol and deionized water, dry it, and then heat the dried precursor powder to 450°C at a heating rate of 3°C / min under air atmosphere, keep it at this temperature for 1.5 hours, and cool it naturally to obtain the white W-VO2@TiO2 composite functional filler.

[0028] Depend on Figure 1As shown, it can be observed that the diffraction patterns of the W-VO2@TiO2 composite functional filler provided in Example 1 are significantly different at 20℃ and 30℃. As the temperature gradually increases to 30℃, the (01-1) plane that existed in the clinocrystalline structure at 20℃ disappears, while the (011) plane tends to shift to a smaller angle, proving that the functional filler has undergone a significant phase transition in this temperature range.

[0029] Depend on Figure 2 As shown, the W-VO2@TiO2 composite functional filler provided in Example 1 has a light-colored appearance, which indicates that the strong scattering effect of the titanium dioxide shell on visible light effectively masks the dark W-VO2 core, greatly expanding its applicability in architectural aesthetic design, and laying the physical basis for high reflectivity.

[0030] Example 2 This embodiment provides a W-VO2@TiO2 composite functional filler, the preparation method of which includes: Accurately weigh 20.0 g of tungsten-doped vanadium dioxide powder (commercially available, phase transition temperature 22℃, average particle size (D50) 120 nm, tungsten doping amount 2 at%) and place it in an 80℃ vacuum drying oven to dry for 3 hours to completely remove surface adsorbed water. Then transfer it to a 1000 mL three-necked flask, add 400 mL of anhydrous ethanol, and place the flask under an ultrasonic cell disruptor to disperse and form a uniform and stable suspension A. In another beaker, measure 240 mL of anhydrous ethanol and 30 mL of glacial acetic acid and mix them thoroughly. Under magnetic stirring, slowly add 24 mL of tetrabutyl titanate (TBOT) dropwise to the mixed solution using a constant pressure dropping funnel, with the addition time controlled at 35 minutes. Continue stirring to obtain a clear and transparent TiO2 precursor sol B. Under vigorous mechanical stirring, suspension A was slowly added dropwise to sol B through a constant pressure dropping funnel; after the addition was complete, the reaction system was heated to 70°C and refluxed at this temperature for 2 hours. After the reaction is complete, allow the reaction solution to cool naturally to room temperature, let it stand for 24 hours, centrifuge to separate the precipitate, wash the precipitate three times alternately with anhydrous ethanol and deionized water, dry it, and then heat the dried precursor powder to 500℃ at a heating rate of 5℃ / min in air atmosphere, keep it at this temperature for 1 hour, and cool it naturally to obtain the white W-VO2@TiO2 composite functional filler.

[0031] Example 3 This embodiment provides a W-VO2@TiO2 composite functional filler, the preparation method of which includes: Accurately weigh 20.0 g of tungsten-doped vanadium dioxide powder (commercially available, phase transition temperature 22℃, average particle size (D50) 120 nm, tungsten doping amount 2 at%) and place it in an 80℃ vacuum drying oven to dry for 3 hours to completely remove surface adsorbed water. Then transfer it to a 1500 mL three-necked flask, add 1000 mL of anhydrous ethanol, and place the flask under an ultrasonic cell disruptor to disperse and form a uniform and stable suspension A. In another beaker, measure 260 mL of anhydrous ethanol and 30 mL of glacial acetic acid and mix them thoroughly. Under magnetic stirring, slowly add 30 mL of tetrabutyl titanate (TBOT) dropwise to the mixed solution using a constant pressure dropping funnel, with the addition time controlled at 30 minutes. After the addition is complete, continue stirring to obtain a clear and transparent TiO2 precursor sol B. Under vigorous mechanical stirring, suspension A was slowly added dropwise to sol B through a constant pressure dropping funnel; after the addition was complete, the reaction system was heated to 50°C and refluxed at this temperature for 4 hours. After the reaction is complete, allow the reaction solution to cool naturally to room temperature, let it stand for 12 hours, centrifuge to separate the precipitate, wash the precipitate three times alternately with anhydrous ethanol and deionized water, dry it, and then heat the dried precursor powder to 400℃ at a heating rate of 2℃ / min in air atmosphere, keep it at this temperature for 2 hours, and cool it naturally to obtain the white W-VO2@TiO2 composite functional filler.

[0032] Based on the above-mentioned W-VO2@TiO2 composite functional filler, the present invention further provides a temperature-adaptive waterborne reflective coating, the preparation of which includes: Pre-dispersion: Under stirring, add the dispersant (1-1.5% by weight, the same below), wetting and leveling agent (0.2-1%, BYK-333, Germany), half of the amount of defoamer (1-5%, BYK-024, Germany) and all of the W-VO2@TiO2 composite functional filler (10-20%) to deionized water in sequence, and disperse at high speed at 800-1200 rpm for 20-30 minutes; Sand milling: Transfer the pre-dispersed slurry to a sand mill and mill it with zirconia beads with a particle size of 0.4-0.6 mm until the fineness of the slurry is ≤25 μm. This step is crucial to ensure that the core-shell filler is fully deagglomerated and stably dispersed in water to form a uniform functional slurry. Paint mixing: Transfer the slurry after sand milling to a paint mixing tank. Under medium speed stirring at 300-500 rpm, slowly add water-based acrylic resin emulsion (35-55%), anti-flash rust inhibitor, pH adjuster, film-forming aid (1-5%, Eastman Texanol, USA) and the remaining defoamer. Stir for 15-20 minutes to mix evenly. Thickening and Discharging: Finally, slowly add the thickening thixotropic agent fumed silica (1-2%, Lanxess M-5) under low-speed stirring, adjust the coating to a suitable viscosity (usually 90-110 KU), stir evenly, filter and package to obtain the temperature-adaptive water-based reflective coating.

[0033] In this invention, the amount of W-VO2@TiO2 composite functional filler added is crucial for achieving the optimal balance between intelligent temperature regulation and optical / physical properties. This amount ensures a sufficient density of temperature-sensitive units in the coating, enabling significant optical performance switching during phase transitions (e.g., near-infrared reflectance change ΔR > 35%). Simultaneously, the coating at this content maintains good film-forming properties, mechanical strength, and application performance. If the addition amount is too low, although the coating appearance and physical properties are better, the insufficient number of temperature-sensitive units results in a weak intelligent temperature regulation effect, with the near-infrared reflectance change ΔR potentially falling below 15%, failing to achieve effective energy-saving control. If the addition amount is too high, it excessively occupies the resin matrix space, severely damaging the continuity and density of the coating film, leading to decreased adhesion, poor water resistance, and even cracking and powdering, while significantly increasing costs.

[0034] In this invention, sand milling to a fineness of ≤25 μm is a prerequisite for breaking the secondary agglomeration of core-shell fillers and realizing their nanoscale functions. Sand milling ensures that each W-VO2@TiO2 composite particle can be uniformly distributed in the coating as an independent optical unit, thereby guaranteeing the uniformity of optical performance, the synchronicity of phase transition behavior, and the smoothness of the coating surface. If sand milling is omitted or the fineness is not up to standard, the filler will exist in the coating in the form of agglomerates, which will lead to a rough coating surface and uneven gloss. More importantly, the W-VO2 cores inside the agglomerates cannot effectively exchange heat with the external environment, resulting in a sluggish or even non-responsive phase transition, severely weakening its intelligent temperature regulation function. At the same time, agglomerates are also prone to becoming stress defect points in the coating, affecting its durability.

[0035] Corresponding to the W-VO2@TiO2 composite functional fillers provided in Examples 1-3, this embodiment 4-6 provides a temperature-adaptive coating, the composition of which is shown in the table below:

[0036] The specific reflective heat insulation characterization results of each coating in Examples 4-6 are as follows:

[0037] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the implementation and protection scope of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should realize that any equivalent substitutions and obvious changes made based on the description and illustrations of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A preparation method of a W-VO2@TiO2 composite functional filler, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: Under intense stirring, a suspension of tungsten-doped vanadium dioxide powder is slowly added into a TiO2 precursor sol, after the addition is completed, the mixed system is heated to 50-70℃, and kept at this temperature for 2-4 hours; After the reaction is completed, the obtained reaction liquid is cooled to room temperature, and then aged for 12-24 hours, centrifuged, and the precipitate is washed and dried, then the dried precursor powder is heated to 400-500℃ at a heating rate of 2-5℃ / min under air atmosphere, and kept at this temperature for 1-2 hours, and then naturally cooled to obtain a W-VO2@TiO2 composite functional filler.

2. The production method according to claim 1, characterized by, The suspension is prepared by dispersing the dried tungsten-doped vanadium dioxide powder in anhydrous ethanol at a mass-volume ratio of 1:(20-50) to form a suspension.

3. The production method according to claim 2, characterized by, The TiO2 precursor sol is prepared by slowly adding a phthalocyanine precursor into a mixed solution of anhydrous ethanol and glacial acetic acid under continuous stirring to form a clear TiO2 precursor sol; wherein the volume ratio of anhydrous ethanol to glacial acetic acid in the precursor sol is (8-10):1, and the volume ratio of the phthalocyanine precursor to anhydrous ethanol is 1:(10-16); the mass ratio of tungsten-doped vanadium dioxide powder to phthalocyanine precursor in the suspension and the precursor sol is 1:(1.0-1.5).

4. The production method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized by, The phase transition temperature of the tungsten-doped vanadium dioxide powder is 20-30℃.

5. A W-VO2@TiO2 composite functional filler, characterized in that, The W-VO2@TiO2 composite functional filler is prepared according to any one of the methods of claims 1-4.

6. A temperature self-adaptive coating based on W-VO2@TiO2 composite functional filler, characterized in that, The water-based acrylic resin emulsion comprises 35-55% of water-based acrylic resin emulsion, 10-20% of W-VO2@TiO2 composite functional filler, 9.3-10.7% of additives, and the balance is water.

7. The temperature-adaptive paint of claim 6, wherein, The water-based acrylic resin emulsion is a single-component water-based acrylic resin emulsion with a solid content of ≥45%.

8. The temperature-adaptive paint of claim 6, wherein, The additives comprise 1-2% of thickening thixotropic agent, 1-1.5% of dispersing agent, 1-5% of film-forming aid, 0.1-1% of anti-flash rust inhibitor, 1-5% of defoaming agent, 0.2-1% of wetting and leveling agent, and 0.1-1% of pH regulator.

9. The temperature-adaptive paint of claim 8, wherein, The thickening thixotropic agent is fumed silica with a particle size of 200-300nm.

10. The temperature-adaptive paint of claim 8, wherein, The dispersing agent is polycarboxylate type, the film-forming aid is dodecanol ester type, the anti-flash rust inhibitor is organic zinc chelate type solution, the defoaming agent is water-based organic silicon type, the leveling agent is dimethylsiloxane type, and the pH regulator is aminomethylphenol type.

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