Heat exchanger, air conditioning equipment and switch cabinet

Abstract

The invention relates to a heat exchanger (100), in particular a heat exchanger (100) for air conditioning in a switchgear cabinet, having a piping system (10), which is configured to convey a coolant (12) and comprises a plurality of tubes (13) and at least one tube connector element (14), wherein the at least one pipe connector element (14) fluidly connects the two end sections (151, 152) of the pipes (13) to each other; and a heat transfer element (11), preferably embodied as a finned device (111) having a plurality of fins (16), in which the heat transfer element (11) accommodates the tubes (13) of the piping system (10) in such a way that the end sections (151, 152) of the tubes (13) protrude from the heat transfer element (11). Furthermore, at least one capsule (171, 172) is provided, the end sections (151, 152) of the pipes (13) of the piping system (10) opening into the at least one capsule (171, 172), so that the at least one pipe connector element (14) is arranged inside the at least one capsule (171, 172).

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a heat exchanger, specifically a heat exchanger for air conditioning in a switch cabinet, the heat exchanger comprising: a piping system configured to deliver a coolant and including a plurality of fittings and at least one fitting connector element, wherein the at least one fitting connector element fluidly connects two or more end sections of the fittings to each other; and a heat transfer element, preferably embodied as a finned device having a plurality of fins, wherein the heat transfer element accommodates the fittings of the piping system in such a manner that the end sections of the fittings protrude from the heat transfer element.

[0002] The present invention also relates to an air conditioning device for use with a switch cabinet.

[0003] The present invention also relates to a switch cabinet having a housing that accommodates multiple electronic components. Background Technology

[0004] The type of switchgear discussed here houses multiple electronic components configured to control process equipment, machine tools, or some other manufacturing apparatus. Typical installed electronic components include power lines, terminals, resistors, condensers, diodes, transistors, inductors, integrated circuits, relays, sensors, and so on. During the prescribed normal operation of such switchgear, heat is generated, and to ensure the long-term functionality of the electrical components, this heat must be effectively dissipated. For this purpose, conventional switchgear includes a specific type of heat exchanger with a piping system and / or an air conditioner with such a system, configured to transport coolant and comprising multiple pipes and bends, each bend fluidly connecting the two end sections of two pipes to each other. In this respect, the piping system forms a pipe coil in which coolant circulates, absorbing heat from inside the switchgear and dissipating it to the outside. To effectively remove heat, airflow is formed within the internal circuitry and interior of the switchgear, and this airflow impacts the heat exchanger. The internal circuit of the switchgear is isolated from the surrounding environment or external circuit, so that no gas can enter the interior of the switchgear.

[0005] According to existing technology, fluorinated greenhouse gases are known to be used as coolants. However, although these gases are advantageous for heat dissipation due to thermodynamic reasons, leaks can release them into the surrounding atmosphere, causing adverse climate effects. Particularly leak-prone areas in such piping systems are bends with curvatures greater than 90° and the connections between bends and fittings (especially welded joints). Therefore, the use of fluorinated coolants must be discontinued as soon as possible, and for this reason, alternative coolants must be used to replace them in the future.

[0006] Alternative coolants that can be used to produce good results for thermodynamic reasons are often flammable and / or highly flammable, or exhibit high operating pressures during transcritical operation. For such coolants to be used safely and compliantly in switchgear air conditioning systems, it is particularly important that the design of the internal circuitry of the switchgear itself is safe. In this case, it must be ensured that even in the event of a leak, the escaping coolant (especially in the evaporator area) does not create an explosive atmosphere, which could be ignited by electronic components within the switchgear. Summary of the Invention

[0007] Based on the above, the purpose of this invention is to provide heat exchangers, air conditioning equipment, and switch cabinets that allow for explosion-proof operation of the heat exchangers when using flammable and / or highly flammable coolants or refrigerants.

[0008] In a first aspect, this objective is achieved by a heat exchanger, specifically for use in air conditioning in switchgear, comprising: a piping system configured to deliver a coolant and including a plurality of fittings and at least one fitting connector element, wherein the at least one fitting connector element fluidly connects two or more end sections of the fittings to each other; and a heat transfer element, preferably embodied as a finned device having a plurality of fins or lamellae, wherein the heat transfer element accommodates the fittings of the piping system in such a manner that the end sections of the fittings protrude from the heat transfer element, wherein at least one bladder is provided, wherein the end sections of the fittings of the piping system extend into the at least one bladder, such that the at least one fitting connector element is disposed within the at least one bladder.

[0009] The at least one bladder forms a separated area, specifically separated from the internal circuitry and interior of the switchgear in such a way that the gas contained within the bladder cannot enter the interior of the switchgear. For this purpose, the at least one bladder preferably surrounds a housing, specifically a separate and / or a separate housing, and / or is constructed as such a housing. In this respect, even if a leak occurs in an area prone to leakage of pipe connectors, no coolant enters the internal circuitry or interior of the switchgear containing the electrical and / or electronic components, thus allowing the heat exchanger to operate with flammable and / or highly flammable coolants.

[0010] Advantageous further improvements to the invention will be described below and in the dependent claims.

[0011] According to an advantageous further improvement of the invention, two bladders are provided, with a heat transfer element arranged between the two bladders, wherein the end sections of the pipe fittings of the piping system each lead to one of the bladders, and wherein the at least one fitting connector element is arranged in each of the two bladders. The at least one fitting connector element is configured and / or constructed to fluidly connect a coolant inlet fitting to a coolant outlet fitting. Such a fitting connector element may include, for example, at least one or more collector elements or manifolds. Multiple fittings (specifically two fittings) lead to such a collector element. This collector element has at least one inlet and at least one outlet, and is configured to fluidly connect the coolant inlet fitting to the coolant outlet fitting. Such a collector element may preferably comprise one or more housings or one or more (specifically, straight) pipe sections. Alternatively, it is proposed that the at least one fitting connector element comprises one or more bends, wherein each bend fluidly connects two end sections of the two fittings to each other.

[0012] According to an advantageous further improvement of the invention, a pipe fitting and at least one pipe fitting connector element are integrally connected to each other via connection points, wherein these connection points are preferably each arranged inside a bladder within a bladder. The integral connection is specifically a welded connection. Because the connection points are arranged inside a bladder within a bladder, all leak-prone areas of the piping system are isolated from the internal circuit of the switchgear in a manner that prevents gas exchange, thereby allowing the heat exchanger to be used safely and in compliance with regulations.

[0013] The piping system preferably has no areas on the outside of the bladder that are prone to leakage.

[0014] According to an advantageous further improvement of the invention, the fitting has a curvature of preferably less than or equal to 90°, and particularly preferably less than or equal to 45°, relative to its corresponding longitudinal axis. Alternatively, it is preferred that the fitting has no curvature relative to its corresponding longitudinal axis. This also makes it easier to assemble the fitting inside the heat transfer element and / or to place all leak-prone areas inside the at least one bladder.

[0015] The bend preferably has a curvature between 170° and 190°, preferably approximately 180°, and particularly preferably 180°. This curvature allows the tubes to be arranged preferably parallel to each other inside the heat transfer element. Therefore, the bend preferably has a curvature of 180°, which simplifies the assembly of the heat exchanger, especially when assembled in combination.

[0016] To maintain the coolant circuit, a coolant compressor is arranged, specifically outside the switchgear, and more specifically inside the air conditioning unit allocated to the switchgear. To connect the piping system to the coolant compressor of the coolant pump, it is preferably proposed that a first fitting connect to the coolant inlet and a second fitting connect to the coolant outlet. The coolant inlet and outlet are preferably part of the coolant circuit.

[0017] The heat exchanger preferably contains a coolant, wherein the coolant is preferably flammable and / or potentially explosive. Specifically, it is proposed that the coolant is or contains propane, butane, isobutane, or propylene, which have proven to be particularly effective among alternative coolants available.

[0018] The piping system of the heat exchanger can have a single-walled or double-walled construction, specifically outside the bladder, preferably in the section between two bladders. In a completely single-walled construction of the piping system outside the bladder, it is preferably provided that the fins of the heat transfer elements are directly connected to the fittings for the purpose of heat transfer. This means that the fins abut against the fittings and / or are integrally connected to the fittings, which improves the thermal conductivity of the connection point and thus facilitates heat dissipation. In this case, the at least one bladder is preferably filled with a fluid, preferably a gas, particularly preferably air, or a liquid, preferably water. In this case, the at least one bladder is preferably configured to be fluid-impermeable, such that the fluid contained therein will not escape from the bladder.

[0019] To ensure that the switchgear is immediately shut down and isolated or automatically de-energized upon or shortly after a leak in the piping system, an advantageous further improvement is proposed: at least one bladder has a leak detector or leak detection device, wherein the leak detector is configured to detect coolant leaks. The leak detector preferably includes a pressure switch and / or a pressure sensor and / or a fluid sensor, specifically a liquid sensor and / or a gas sensor. If at least two bladders are provided, each bladder may include a leak detector, or only one of the bladders may have a leak detector. If multiple bladders are provided, it is preferable to provide a leak detector in each bladder. This is particularly preferred for fittings with a single-wall construction. The pressure sensor or fluid sensor of the leak detector interacts with the fluid-filled bladder in such a way that when a pressure rise or fall is detected or fluid is detected, the switchgear is automatically de-energized.

[0020] In a variation of the heat exchanger's piping system, which has a double-walled construction outside the bladder (preferably in the section between two bladders), it is proposed that each fitting is surrounded or encircled by an outer tube in such a way that an annular space is formed between the fitting and the associated outer tube, the annular space being configured to transport a liquid, specifically a hot fluid. The hot fluid, or temperature-controlled liquid, is a medium that is liquid at temperatures generally present during proper use of the heat exchanger and exhibits relatively high thermal conductivity. In this respect, such hot fluids are well-suited for efficiently transferring heat to the coolant via fins and the hot fluid. Hot oil is particularly suitable as a hot fluid. Meanwhile, the fittings and associated outer tubes are preferably arranged coaxially with each other. The outer tubes have end sections, each of which preferably terminates in one of the bladders, such that the bladders are fluidly connected to each other via the annular space. The outer tube preferably encircles the corresponding fitting for at least 80% of its total length, particularly preferably for at least 90% of its total length, and most particularly preferably for substantially the entire length of the fitting.

[0021] To ensure coaxial alignment and positionally stable assembly of the fittings with the outer tubes assigned to each of these fittings, it is proposed that the fittings be connected to the assigned outer tubes via spacers, specifically via spacer discs, wherein the outer tubes preferably have recesses, specifically drilled holes, through which annular spaces are fluidly connected to the bladder. The spacers are annular fastening elements that are first fitted onto and surround the fittings. In the assembled state, at least a section of the outer tube is attached to the spacers, thereby forming a coaxial, positionally stable alignment between each fitting and the coaxially positioned outer tube therewith. Due to the hydraulic connection between the bladders, in this type of heat exchanger embodiment, it is sufficient for at least one bladder to include a leak detector, wherein the leak detector preferably has a pressure switch and / or pressure sensor and / or liquid sensor. If a significant pressure loss occurs, it can be assumed that the hot fluid is leaking through the outer wall of the bladder and / or the outer tube. If the pressure rises significantly, it can be assumed that there is a leak in the piping system, that is, coolant is escaping into the hot fluid. Leak detectors for hot fluids can also take the form of liquid sensors located outside the encapsulation area. For heat transfer purposes, it has been proposed that the fins of the heat transfer element be directly connected to the outer tube, so that heat from the fins is transferred to the hot fluid and from the hot fluid to the coolant.

[0022] Regardless of the specific design of the heat exchanger, it can be embodied as the evaporator of a compression refrigeration machine. A compression refrigeration machine is one that utilizes physical effects, such as the increase in enthalpy difference during the transition of the coolant from a liquid to a gaseous state. The circulating coolant continuously undergoes various changes in its state of aggregation. This utilizes the fact that the condensation and boiling temperatures of the coolant vary according to its pressure. First, the coolant in the gaseous phase is compressed by a compressor, causing an increase in boiling temperature and pressure. In the downstream condenser, the coolant condenses and releases heat. Then, the pressure of the liquid coolant is reduced by a throttling device, at which point the boiling temperature decreases. In the subsequent evaporator, the coolant evaporates and absorbs heat at a low temperature, thus closing the loop.

[0023] The objective stated in the introduction is also achieved by an air conditioning unit for use with a switch cabinet, specifically for use with the switch cabinet, wherein the air conditioning unit has: a housing comprising a cabinet-side housing region and an outer housing region; and a partition wall disposed between the cabinet-side housing region and the outer housing region, the partition wall fluidly separating the cabinet-side housing region and the outer housing region from each other, wherein the air conditioning unit also includes a heat exchanger as previously described, wherein the heat exchanger is specifically disposed entirely within the cabinet-side housing region.

[0024] Preferably, the heat exchanger is embodied as the evaporator of a compression refrigeration unit, which includes a compressor, a condenser, and a throttling device, wherein the compressor, the condenser, and the throttling device are arranged in the external casing area of ​​the air conditioner. To enable the formation of a coolant circuit for the conductive fluid between the heat exchanger arranged in the cabinet-side casing area and the compressor, condenser, and throttling device of the compression refrigeration unit, it is proposed that the coolant inlet and outlet preferably pass through a partition wall. In this case, according to a particularly advantageous further improvement, it is proposed that a portion of the at least one bladder abuts against and / or forms part of the partition wall.

[0025] The overall result is an air conditioning unit with a compact housing that houses all the components required for effective air conditioning of the switchgear. Furthermore, this air conditioning unit can be installed on the switchgear with particular ease. The unit also allows for explosion-proof operation of the heat exchanger when using flammable and / or highly flammable refrigerants. Another advantage of this air conditioning unit is that it can also include an integrated leak detection system.

[0026] The purpose defined in the introduction is also achieved by a switch cabinet having a housing that accommodates multiple electronic components, wherein the switch cabinet includes such a heat exchanger and / or such an air conditioner. Attached Figure Description

[0027] In the following description, specific embodiments of the invention will be explained with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the drawings:

[0028] Figure 1a This is a cross-sectional view of a first embodiment of the heat exchanger;

[0029] Figure 1b This is a perspective view of the first embodiment of the heat exchanger;

[0030] Figure 2a This is a cross-sectional view of a second embodiment of the heat exchanger;

[0031] Figure 2b This is a first detailed view of a second embodiment of the heat exchanger;

[0032] Figure 2c This is a second detailed view of a second embodiment of the heat exchanger;

[0033] Figure 2d This is a cross-sectional view of a second embodiment of the heat exchanger, taken along the cross-sectional plane AA; and

[0034] Figure 3 A switch cabinet with air conditioning equipment is shown. Detailed Implementation

[0035] Figure 1a A cross-sectional view of a first heat exchanger 100 is shown, which is configured for use in a switch cabinet 300. Figure 3 It is part of an air conditioning unit 200 used for air conditioning. Figure 1b A perspective view of the heat exchanger 100 is shown.

[0036] The heat exchanger 100 includes a piping system 10 and a heat transfer element 11. The piping system 10 is configured to deliver a coolant 12 and has a plurality of fittings 13 and a plurality of fitting connector elements 14 in the form of a plurality of bends 141. The coolant 12 is flammable. Specifically, the coolant is or contains propane 121. Each bend in the bends 141 fluidly connects two end sections 151, 152 of two fittings 13. The heat transfer element 11 is configured as a finned device 111 and has a plurality of fins 16 or slats. The heat transfer element 11 accommodates the fittings 13 of the piping system 10 in such a manner that the end sections 151, 152 of the fittings 13 protrude from the heat transfer element 11. The heat exchanger 100 has two bladders 171, 172 arranged on the left and right sides of the heat transfer element 11. Each bladder is constructed as a separate, independent shell, thus forming an area specifically isolated from the internal circuitry and interior of the switchgear 300, thereby preventing the gas contained in these bladders from entering the interior of the switchgear 300. The end sections 151, 152 of the pipe fittings 13 of the piping system 10, which connect to bends 141, each lead to one of the bladders 171, 172, thus the bends 141 are arranged inside the bladders 171, 172. The pipe fittings 13 and the bends 141 are integrally connected to each other via connection points 18, each located inside one of the bladders 171, 172. In the illustrated embodiment, the connection points 18 are in the form of welded joints 181. The pipe fittings 13 are straight relative to their respective longitudinal axes, meaning they have no curvature. The bend 141 has a 180° bend, so the fittings 13 are aligned parallel to each other inside the heat transfer element 11. The first fitting 13 is directly connected to the coolant inlet 19, and the second fitting 13 is directly connected to the coolant outlet 20, wherein in the illustrated embodiment, the coolant 12 is propane 121. Between the coolant inlet 19 and the coolant outlet 20, the piping system 10 forms a meandering coil of pipe that passes multiple times through the heat transfer element 11 between the left bladder 171 and the right bladder 172.

[0037] Figure 1a , Figure 1bA heat exchanger 100 is shown, in which the piping system 10 is constructed as a single wall within the area of ​​the heat transfer element 11. In this configuration, the fins 16 of the heat transfer element 11 are directly connected to the pipe fittings 13 to transfer heat. Enclosures 171, 172 housing all leak-prone sections of the piping system 10 are filled with gas 21 and configured to be gas-impermeable. In the presented embodiment, the gas 21 is air 211. Each enclosure 171, 172 is equipped with a leak detector 22, which includes a pressure sensor 23. If the pressure inside one of the enclosures 171, 172 rises above a preset value, a leak is likely, in which case the switch cabinet 200 is de-energized by an emergency disconnect switch.

[0038] Figures 2a to 2d A second heat exchanger 100 is shown, which is also configured to regulate air in the switch cabinet 200. Each fitting 13 is surrounded by an outer pipe 24 in such a way that an annular space 25 is formed between the fitting 13 and the associated outer pipe 24, and this annular space is configured to transport a hot fluid 26. The fitting 13 and the associated outer pipe 24 are arranged coaxially with each other. Figure 2d The outer tube 24 has end sections 271, 272, each of which leads to one of the bladders 171, 172, such that the bladders 171, 172 are fluidly connected to each other via an annular space 25. The fitting 13 is connected to the attached outer tube 24 via spacers 28, and these outer tubes are provided with recesses 291, 292, such that the annular space 25 is fluidly connected to the bladders 171, 172. Figure 2b , Figure 2c Conversely, according to Figure 2b In one embodiment, a recess 291 is formed in the peripheral surface of the outer tube 24. In this context, one or more recesses 291 may have already been formed. Conversely, according to... Figure 2c In one embodiment, a recess 292 is formed inside the spacer 28 along the longitudinal axis. Figure 2c The detailed view shows a cross-sectional view of the outer tube 24 in the region of the spacer 28. In this embodiment, eight recesses 292 are arranged at equal angles inside the spacer. Within the scope of the embodiment not shown here, two types of recesses 291, 292 may also be provided. Therefore, regardless of the specific configuration of the recesses 291, 292, it is sufficient to detect leaks as long as one of the bladders 171, 172 has a leak detector 22, which is equipped with a pressure sensor 23. The fins 16 of the heat transfer element 11 are directly connected to the outer tube 24 for the purpose of heat transfer, so that the heat absorbed inside the switch cabinet 300 is first released to the hot fluid 26 and then to the coolant 12.

[0039] Figure 3 An air conditioning unit 200 is shown, which is housed for exchanging heat within or to a switch cabinet 300, which houses multiple electronic components 31. The air conditioning unit 200 includes: a housing 30 comprising a cabinet-side housing region 301 and an outer housing region 302; and a partition wall 37 disposed between the cabinet-side housing region 301 and the outer housing region 302, fluidly separating them from each other. The air conditioning unit 200 also includes a heat exchanger 100, which is entirely disposed within the cabinet-side housing region 301. The heat exchanger 100 is embodied as the evaporator 101 of a compressor refrigeration unit 33, which includes a compressor 34, a condenser 35, and a throttling device 36, wherein the compressor 34, condenser 35, and throttling device 36 are disposed within the outer housing region 302 of the air conditioning unit 200. The coolant inlet 19 and coolant outlet 20 of the heat exchanger 100 pass through the partition wall 37. Here, portions of the bladders 171 and 172 abut against the partition wall 37. The heat exchanger 100 is ventilated by a fan 32.

[0040] List of reference numerals

[0041] 100 heat exchanger

[0042] 200 Air conditioning equipment

[0043] 300 switch cabinet

[0044] 10 Piping System

[0045] 11 Heat transfer elements

[0046] 111 Finned Equipment

[0047] 12 Coolant

[0048] 121 Propane

[0049] 13 Pipe fittings

[0050] 14 Pipe Fittings and Connectors

[0051] 141 Bend

[0052] 151 End Section

[0053] 152 End Section

[0054] 16 fins

[0055] 171 cysts

[0056] 172 cysts

[0057] 18 Connection Points

[0058] 181 Welded Joint

[0059] 19 Coolant inflow parts

[0060] 20 Coolant outflow parts

[0061] 21 Gases

[0062] 211 Air

[0063] 22 Leak Detector

[0064] 23 Pressure Sensor

[0065] 24 outer tubes

[0066] 25. Circular Space

[0067] 26. Thermal fluids

[0068] 271 End Section

[0069] 272 End Section

[0070] 28 spacers

[0071] 291 concavity

[0072] 292 recess

[0073] 30 Casing

[0074] 301 Cabinet Side Shell Area

[0075] 302 External Shell Area

[0076] 31 Electronic components

[0077] 32 fans

[0078] 33. Compression Refrigeration Unit

[0079] 34 Compressor

[0080] 35 Condenser

[0081] 36 Throttling device

[0082] 37. Partition wall

[0083] 101 Evaporator

Claims

1. Heat exchanger (100), in particular for air conditioning in a switchgear cabinet, having a pipe system (10) which is configured to transport a coolant (12) and comprises a plurality of pipe pieces (13) and at least one pipe piece connector element (14), wherein the at least one pipe piece connector element (14) fluidly connects two or more end sections (151, 152) of the pipe pieces (13) to one another, and a heat transfer element (11), preferably embodied as a finned device (111) having a plurality of fins (16), wherein the heat transfer element (11) accommodates the pipe pieces (13) of the pipe system (10) in such a way that the end sections (151, 152) of the pipe pieces (13) protrude from the heat transfer element (11), characterized by at least one capsule (171, 172), wherein an end section (151, 152) of the pipe pieces (13) of the pipe system (10) opens into the at least one capsule (171, 172) in such a way that the at least one pipe piece connector element (14) is arranged inside the at least one capsule (171, 172).

2. Heat exchanger (100) according to claim 1, wherein two capsules (171, 172) are provided, the heat transfer element (11) being arranged between the two capsules (171, 172), wherein the end sections (151, 152) of the pipe pieces (13) of the pipe system (10) each open into one of the capsules (171, 172), wherein at least one pipe piece connector element (14) is arranged in each of the two capsules (171, 172).

3. Heat exchanger (100) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the at least one pipe piece connector element (14) comprises a plurality of elbow pipes (141), wherein each of the elbow pipes (141) fluidly connects two end sections (151, 152) of two pipe pieces (13) to one another.

4. Heat exchanger (100) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the pipe pieces (13) and the at least one pipe piece connector element (14) are connected to one another in a material-integrating manner via connection points (18), wherein the connection points (18) are each arranged inside one of the capsules (171, 172).

5. Heat exchanger (100) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the pipe pieces (13) have a curvature of less than or equal to 90°, in particular less than or equal to 45°, with respect to their respective longitudinal axis.

6. Heat exchanger (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the pipe pieces (13) have no curvature with respect to their respective longitudinal axis.

7. Heat exchanger (100) according to any one of claims 3 to 6, wherein the bend pipe (141) has a bend degree of between 170° to 190°, preferably approximately 180°, particularly preferably 180°.

8. Heat exchanger (100) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein a first pipe piece (13) is connected to a coolant inflow (19) and a second pipe piece (13) is connected to a coolant outflow (20).

9. Heat exchanger (100) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the coolant (12) is flammable and / or has a potential for explosion, and / or the coolant (12) is or comprises propane (121), butane, isobutane or propylene.

10. Heat exchanger (100) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the fins (16) of the heat transfer elements (11) are directly connected to the pipe pieces (13) for transferring heat, wherein preferably the at least one bladder (171, 172) is filled with a fluid, preferably with a gas (21), particularly preferably with air (211), or with a liquid, preferably with water.

11. Heat exchanger (100) according to claim 10, wherein the at least one bladder (171, 172) is configured to be fluid-impermeable and / or gas-impermeable.

12. Heat exchanger (100) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein at least one of the bladders (171, 172), in particular each bladder (171, 172), comprises a leak detector (22), wherein the leak detector (22) preferably comprises a pressure switch and / or a pressure sensor (23) and / or a fluid sensor, in particular a liquid sensor and / or a gas sensor.

13. Heat exchanger (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the pipe pieces (13) are each surrounded by an outer pipe (24) in such a way that an annular space (25) is formed between the pipe piece (13) and the associated outer pipe (24), which space is configured to transport a liquid, in particular a heat fluid (26), wherein preferably the pipe piece (13) and the associated outer pipe (24) are arranged coaxially to each other.

14. Heat exchanger (100) according to claim 13, wherein the heat exchanger (100) comprises two capsules (171, 172), wherein the outer tube (24) has end sections (271, 272), each of which opens into one of the capsules (171, 172), such that the capsules (171, 172) are fluidly connected to each other via the annular space (25), wherein preferably the tube piece (13) and the associated outer tube (24) are connected to each other via a spacer (28), in particular a spacer disc, wherein the outer tube (24) preferably has recesses (29), in particular drillings, via which the annular space (25) is fluidly connected to the capsules (171, 172).

15. Heat exchanger (100) according to any one of claims 13 to 14, wherein the at least one capsule (171, 172) comprises a leak detector (22), wherein the leak detector (22) preferably comprises a pressure switch and / or a pressure sensor (23) and / or a liquid sensor and / or a gas sensor, wherein preferably the fins (16) of the heat transfer element (11) are directly connected to the outer tube (24) for transferring heat.

16. Heat exchanger (100) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the heat exchanger (100) is embodied as an evaporator (101) of a compression refrigeration machine (33).

17. An air conditioning device (200) for a switchgear cabinet (300), in particular for use with a switchgear cabinet (300), characterized in that The air conditioning device (200) comprises a housing (30) having a cabinet-side housing region (301) and an outer housing region (302), and a partition wall (37) arranged between the cabinet-side housing region (301) and the outer housing region (302), which fluidly separates the cabinet-side housing region (301) and the outer housing region (302) from each other, wherein the air conditioning device (200) further comprises a heat exchanger (100) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the heat exchanger (100) is in particular arranged completely in the cabinet-side housing region (301).

18. Air conditioning device (200) according to claim 17, wherein the heat exchanger (100) is embodied as an evaporator (101) of a compression refrigeration machine (33) comprising a compressor (34), a condenser (35) and a throttling device (36), wherein the compressor (34), the condenser (35) and the throttling device (36) are arranged in the outer housing region (302) of the air conditioning device (200).

19. Air conditioning device (200) according to claim 17 or 18, wherein the coolant inflow (19) and the coolant outflow (20) pass through the partition wall (37), and / or wherein parts of the at least one capsule (171, 172) rest against and / or form the partition wall (37).

20. A switchgear (300) having a housing (30) accommodating a plurality of electronic components (31), characterized in that The switchgear (300) comprises a heat exchanger (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 16 and / or an air conditioning device (200) according to any one of claims 17 to 19.

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