A multi-source data fusion based artificial forest stand structure and function integrated monitoring system and method

Abstract

This invention discloses an integrated monitoring system and method for the structure and function of plantations based on multi-source data fusion in the field of plantation monitoring technology. The system includes: a movable ground monitoring box with a notch on one side for accommodating individual trees; a drone for multi-view observation of the tree canopy; and two landing platforms symmetrically distributed on the ground monitoring box on both sides of the notch for drone take-off and landing. The drone takes off from one of the landing platforms and flies around the individual tree along a preset flight path in the vertical plane to collect stand structure data of the bottom, top, and sides of the tree canopy. This system achieves multi-source data acquisition through the drone and ground monitoring components. A position conversion mechanism drives the landing platform and ground monitoring components to rotate synchronously and precisely, enabling multi-path canopy acquisition by the drone and omnidirectional measurement from the ground, significantly improving the integrity of canopy structure data and the accuracy of three-dimensional reconstruction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of plantation monitoring technology, specifically to an integrated monitoring system and method for plantation stand structure and function based on multi-source data fusion. Background Technology

[0002] Planted forests, as an important component of my country's forest resources, play a crucial role in carbon sequestration, ecological assessment, and timber production. Achieving refined forest management and carbon sequestration relies on the accurate acquisition of stand structural parameters (such as diameter at breast height, tree height, and crown width) and functional status (such as growth vitality and stress response) at the individual tree scale.

[0003] Currently, relevant monitoring relies heavily on UAV aerial surveys or independent operations of ground-based diameter measuring equipment, lacking a ground-air coordination mechanism. This presents certain technical limitations: the observation perspective is singular, supporting only fixed-position data acquisition, making multi-angle complementary scanning difficult; the lack of a unified spatial benchmark between ground and aerial data makes precise alignment of data from the bottom and top of the tree canopy difficult; and due to the lack of standardization in individual tree positioning and equipment attitude, inconsistent locations from multiple data collections result in poor data comparability and analytical reliability across different periods.

[0004] To address these issues, a system and method for integrated monitoring of plantation stand structure and function based on multi-source data fusion are provided. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide an integrated monitoring system and method for the structure and function of planted forest stands based on multi-source data fusion. This system solves the problem that existing planted forest stand structure monitoring systems are unable to comprehensively cover multi-dimensional structural information such as the circumferential structure of individual tree trunks and the inner and outer layers of the canopy, resulting in monitoring data that cannot fully reflect the true growth status of the forest stand.

[0006] The present invention achieves the above objectives through the following technical solutions:

[0007] An integrated monitoring system for the structure and function of plantation stands based on multi-source data fusion, comprising:

[0008] A movable ground monitoring box has a notch on one side for accommodating a single piece of wood;

[0009] Drones are used for multi-view observation of the canopy of individual trees;

[0010] Two landing platforms are symmetrically distributed on the ground monitoring box and located on both sides of the notch slot, for the take-off and landing of the UAV. The UAV takes off from one of the landing platforms and flies around the single tree along a preset flight path in the vertical plane to collect forest stand structure data of the bottom, top and sides of the single tree crown.

[0011] A ground monitoring component, located within the notch, is used to collect geometric data and surface condition data of individual tree trunks;

[0012] A clamping assembly, located within the notch and below the ground monitoring assembly, is used to center and position the single log to the central reference position of the ground monitoring box.

[0013] Also includes:

[0014] The orientation conversion mechanism is used to drive the parking platform and the ground monitoring components to rotate synchronously by a set angle, so as to realize the collection of multiple preset flight paths of the UAV and the circumferential all-round collection of the ground monitoring components.

[0015] As a further optimization of the present invention, the drone is fixedly equipped with a mounting box, and the top, bottom and opposite sides of the mounting box are equipped with aerial monitoring components.

[0016] As a further optimization of the present invention, the orientation conversion mechanism includes a first ring body and a second ring body rotatably disposed on the top of the first ring body; the first ring body is provided with a plurality of positioning holes evenly distributed along the circumference, one end of the second ring body is provided with a positioning element adapted to the positioning holes, and the two stopping platforms are symmetrically fixedly disposed on the second ring body; an identification card is fixedly disposed below each positioning hole, and a second handle is fixedly disposed on the outer side of the second ring body; both the first ring body and the second ring body are provided with notches adapted to the notch groove of the ground monitoring box.

[0017] As a further optimization of the present invention, the ground monitoring component includes a lifting plate and monitoring units disposed at the upper and lower ends of the lifting plate. The monitoring unit includes an arc plate, a camera fixedly disposed in the middle of the arc plate, and a ranging sensor fixedly disposed at both ends of the arc plate. A sliding block is fixedly disposed on the inner side of the middle part of the second ring body. The sliding block is slidably engaged with the lifting plate, and a locking member for locking the position of the lifting plate is provided on one side of the sliding block.

[0018] As a further optimization of the present invention, the clamping assembly includes two clamping members symmetrically disposed on both sides of the ground monitoring box and a moving module for driving the two clamping members to move synchronously; the clamping members can slide through the corresponding side of the ground monitoring box, and the moving module is fixedly disposed on the outer side of the ground monitoring box.

[0019] As a further optimization of the present invention, a leveling and orientation mechanism is also included below the orientation conversion mechanism. The leveling and orientation mechanism is used to adjust the parking platform to a horizontal state and calibrate its initial orientation to a preset orientation. The leveling and orientation mechanism includes a third ring body, three sets of adjustable support legs located at the bottom of the third ring body and evenly distributed along the circumference, and a compass and a level fixedly located at the top of the second ring body. The bottom ends of the adjustable support legs are connected to the top of the ground monitoring box. The first ring body is slidably located at the top of the third ring body, and the third ring body is provided with fasteners for locking the relative positions of the first ring body and the third ring body. A first handle is fixedly located on the outer side of the first ring body.

[0020] As a further optimization of the present invention, it also includes a micro-wind disturbance component for blowing wind upward from the ground to disturb the tree canopy, so as to assist the UAV in collecting dynamic structure data of the canopy; the micro-wind disturbance component includes a slide rail, a movable seat slidably disposed on the slide rail, a drive motor for driving the movable seat to slide along the slide rail, and a fan fixedly disposed on the top of the movable seat.

[0021] As a further optimization of the present invention, the slide rail is composed of multiple track units fixedly spliced ​​together end to end; the top of the second ring body is provided with an installation groove for fixing the slide rail, the extension direction of the slide rail is parallel to the line connecting the two parking platforms, and the moving speed of the fan is synchronously matched with the horizontal flight speed of the UAV.

[0022] This invention also provides an integrated monitoring method for the structure and function of plantation stands based on multi-source data fusion, comprising the following steps:

[0023] S1. Move the ground monitoring box to the side of the target log, so that the log enters the box through the notch, and use the clamping assembly to center the log to the central reference position of the ground monitoring box.

[0024] S2. Use the ground monitoring component to collect geometric data and surface condition data of individual tree trunks, and use the drone to fly around the individual tree along a preset flight path in the vertical plane to collect stand structure data of the bottom, top and sides of the individual tree crown;

[0025] S3. Drive the stopping platform and the ground monitoring component to rotate synchronously by a set angle through the orientation conversion mechanism, repeat step S, complete multi-path, circumferential all-round data acquisition, and obtain trunk and canopy structure data of a single tree in different orientations;

[0026] S4. The ground trunk data collected multiple times and the aerial canopy data are spatiotemporally aligned and multi-source fused to generate integrated data on the stand structure and function of the target tree. The above steps are performed on all target trees in the monitoring area in sequence, and the overall stand structure and function data of the plantation are obtained after summarizing.

[0027] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0028] 1. This invention achieves the acquisition of multi-source data through UAVs and ground monitoring components. By driving the landing platform and ground monitoring components to rotate synchronously and accurately through an orientation conversion mechanism, it realizes multi-path canopy acquisition by UAVs and all-round circumferential measurement of the ground, which significantly improves the integrity of canopy structure data and the accuracy of three-dimensional reconstruction.

[0029] 2. This invention, through the synergistic effect of the leveling and directional adjustment mechanism and the clamping components, ensures that the single log is accurately centered, the stopping platform is horizontal and the initial orientation is consistent, effectively solving the problem of position deviation in multiple measurements and improving the comparability and reliability of cross-period data.

[0030] 3. This invention actively disturbs the tree canopy through a micro-wind disturbance component, causing the inner branches and leaves to briefly unfold, assisting the drone in acquiring dynamic structural information of the shaded area, compensating for the lack of internal structure information in static collection, and further improving the integrity of canopy data collection. Attached Figure Description

[0031] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the aerial monitoring component of the present invention mounted on a drone;

[0033] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the flight path structure of the UAV of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 4 Exploded view of the orientation conversion mechanism and leveling / direction adjustment mechanism of the present invention. Figure 1 ;

[0035] Figure 5 Exploded view of the orientation conversion mechanism and leveling / direction adjustment mechanism of the present invention. Figure 2 ;

[0036] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the ground monitoring component structure of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the clamping component structure of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the wind disturbance component of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the wind disturbance component of the present invention.

[0040] In the picture:

[0041] 1. Ground monitoring box; 2. UAV; 201. Mounting box; 202. Aerial monitoring component; 3. Landing platform; 4. Orientation conversion mechanism; 401. First ring; 402. Second ring; 403. Positioning hole; 404. Identification card; 405. First handle; 406. Positioning component; 407. Second handle; 408. Slide seat; 409. Mounting slot; 5. Ground monitoring component; 501. Lifting plate; 502. Arc plate; 503. Camera; 504. Distance sensor; 6. Leveling and heading mechanism; 601. Third ring; 602. Fastener; 603. Compass; 604. Adjustable support leg; 605. Level bubble; 7. Clamping component; 701. Clamping component; 702. Moving module; 8. Wind disturbance component; 801. Slide rail; 802. Moving seat; 803. Drive motor; 804. Fan. Detailed Implementation

[0042] The present application will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the following specific embodiments are only used to further illustrate the present application and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present application. Those skilled in the art can make some non-essential improvements and adjustments to the present application based on the above application content.

[0043] Example 1

[0044] To address the issue that existing plantation stand structure monitoring systems are insufficient to comprehensively cover multi-dimensional structural information such as the circumferential structure of individual tree trunks and the inner and outer layers of the canopy, resulting in monitoring data that cannot fully reflect the true growth status of the stand, please refer to [the relevant documentation / reference]. Figures 1-3 This invention provides an integrated monitoring system for the structure and function of plantation stands based on multi-source data fusion, comprising:

[0045] The movable ground monitoring box 1 has a notch on one side for accommodating a single piece of wood;

[0046] The drone 2 is used to observe the crown of a single tree from multiple perspectives. The drone 2 is equipped with a mounting box 201. The top, bottom and opposite sides of the mounting box 201 are equipped with aerial monitoring components 202 to form a full-dimensional acquisition layout. The aerial monitoring components 202 include, but are not limited to, RGB cameras, miniature LiDAR and thermal infrared cameras. The RGB camera is used to collect crown shape, color, texture and outline, etc. The miniature LiDAR is used to collect crown height, crown base height, three-dimensional crown shape, etc., and the thermal infrared camera is used to collect crown surface temperature.

[0047] Two landing platforms 3 are symmetrically distributed on the ground monitoring box 1 and located on both sides of the notch slot. They are used for the take-off and landing of UAV 2. UAV 2 takes off from one of the landing platforms 3 and flies around the single tree along a preset flight path in the vertical plane to collect forest stand structure data of the bottom, top and sides of the single tree canopy. The preset flight path is as follows: UAV 2 starts from one of the landing platforms 3, first moves horizontally to the outside of the single tree to a preset safe distance, then rises vertically to the height of the top of the canopy, then flies horizontally over the canopy, then descends vertically to the preset height, and finally flies horizontally and lands on the other landing platform 3.

[0048] Ground monitoring component 5, located in the notch, is used to collect geometric data and surface condition data of individual tree trunks;

[0049] The clamping component 7 is located in the notch and below the ground monitoring component 5, and is used to center and position the single log to the center reference position of the ground monitoring box 1.

[0050] Also includes:

[0051] The orientation conversion mechanism 4 is used to drive the parking platform 3 and the ground monitoring component 5 to rotate synchronously by a set angle, so as to realize the collection of multiple preset flight paths of the UAV 2 and the circumferential all-round collection of the ground monitoring component 5. The orientation conversion mechanism 4 provides a multi-directional and full-coverage collection reference for the ground monitoring component 5 and the UAV 2 through precise indexing rotation. Its rotation angle is not limited to orthogonal (90°) dual paths. It can also be flexibly set to a variety of indexing methods such as circumferentially divided into three equal parts (120°) and four equal parts (90°) according to the complexity of the single tree canopy structure and the monitoring accuracy requirements, so as to realize personalized adaptation of the collection orientation.

[0052] In use, the ground monitoring box 1 is moved near the target tree, allowing the tree to enter the central area of ​​the equipment through the notch. The clamping component 7 is activated to clamp the tree and position it at the center reference position of the ground monitoring box 1, ensuring that subsequent data collection is centered on the tree. The landing platform 3 is adjusted to the preset orientation, and the ground monitoring component 5 is adjusted to the measurement height. The ground monitoring component 5 collects information on diameter at breast height (DBH), ground diameter (DMT), trunk surface texture, and disease information. The drone 2 flies around the tree along a preset flight path, collecting multi-view structural and spectral data from the top, bottom, and sides of the canopy to further improve data integrity and observation. In terms of dimensions, the system activates the orientation conversion mechanism 4, which drives the parking platform 3 and the ground monitoring component 5 to rotate around the single tree axis by a set angle (such as 90°), achieving secondary deployment in the orthogonal direction. Subsequently, the above ground measurement and aerial measurement process is repeated to complete the orthogonal dual-path collaborative acquisition. Finally, the system processes the tree trunk geometric data, surface condition data, and canopy data of the UAV 2 through a multi-source fusion algorithm to generate a joint characterization model of the structure and function of a single tree. By summarizing and analyzing the data of multiple single trees, the stand structure and function of the entire plantation are further deduced.

[0053] like Figures 4-5 As shown, the orientation conversion mechanism 4 includes a first ring body 401 and a second ring body 402 rotatably mounted on top of the first ring body 401; the first ring body 401 is provided with a plurality of positioning holes 403 evenly distributed along the circumference; one end of the second ring body 402 is provided with a positioning element 406 adapted to the positioning hole 403; the positioning element 406 can adopt a spring pull rod structure; two stopping platforms 3 are symmetrically fixed on the second ring body 402; an identification card 404 is fixedly provided below each positioning hole 403; a second handle 407 is fixedly provided on the outer side of the second ring body 402; both the first ring body 401 and the second ring body 402 are provided with notches adapted to the notch groove of the ground monitoring box 1, so that the single wood can be smoothly inserted.

[0054] When the orientation conversion mechanism 4 is used, pull the positioning component 406 outward, hold the second handle 407 and rotate the second ring body 402 so that the positioning component 406 is inserted into the positioning hole 403 at another angle (such as 90°) on the first ring body 401. Confirm the rotation angle is accurate through the identification card 404. At this time, the stopping platform 3 rotates 90° with the second ring body 402, and the ground monitoring component 5 rotates synchronously to the orthogonal orientation. Repeat the ground, air and dynamic acquisition process to complete the orthogonal dual-path data acquisition.

[0055] like Figure 6As shown, the ground monitoring component 5 includes a lifting plate 501 and monitoring units disposed at the upper and lower ends of the lifting plate 501. The monitoring unit includes an arc plate 502, a camera 503 fixedly disposed in the middle of the arc plate 502, and a ranging sensor 504 fixedly disposed at both ends of the arc plate 502. A slide block 408 is fixedly disposed on the inner side of the middle part of the second ring body 402. The slide block 408 slides with the lifting plate 501, and a locking member for locking the position of the lifting plate 501 is provided on one side of the slide block 408.

[0056] When using the ground monitoring component 5, adjust the height of the lifting plate 501 so that the lower monitoring unit is 20cm above the ground to collect ground diameter data, and the upper monitoring unit is 1.3m above the ground to collect diameter at breast height (DBH) data. Then, fix the lifting plate 501 with locking devices. The camera 503 collects tree trunk texture images, and the distance sensors 504 at both ends measure the tree trunk diameter. After the ground diameter and DBH measurements are completed, the lifting plate 501 can be raised to collect data from the upper part of the tree trunk.

[0057] like Figure 7 As shown, the clamping assembly 7 includes two clamping members 701 symmetrically arranged on both sides of the ground monitoring box 1 and a moving module 702 for driving the two clamping members 701 to move synchronously; the clamping members 701 can slide through the corresponding side of the ground monitoring box 1, and the moving module 702 is fixedly arranged on the outer side of the ground monitoring box 1.

[0058] In actual operation, the clamping assembly 7 is driven by the moving module 702, which drives the two symmetrically arranged clamping parts 701 to move synchronously towards each other in the horizontal direction, thereby flexibly clamping the single wood from both sides, and finally accurately positioning the single wood to the center reference position of the ground monitoring box 1. It should be noted that the moving module 702 can be a well-known mature product in the field, such as a screw slide module, the working principle and specific structure of which will not be described in detail here.

[0059] To address the issues of poor consistency in data collection locations and low reliability of data comparison across multiple data acquisitions, such as... Figures 4-5 As shown, it also includes a leveling and directional adjustment mechanism 6 located below the orientation conversion mechanism 4. The leveling and directional adjustment mechanism 6 is used to adjust the parking platform 3 to a horizontal state and calibrate its initial orientation to a preset orientation. The leveling and directional adjustment mechanism 6 includes a third ring body 601, three sets of adjustable support legs 604 located at the bottom of the third ring body 601 and evenly distributed along the circumference, and a compass 603 and a level bubble 605 fixedly located on the top of the second ring body 402. The bottom ends of the adjustable support legs 604 are connected to the top of the ground monitoring box 1. The first ring body 401 is slidably located on the top of the third ring body 601, and the third ring body 601 is provided with fasteners 602 for locking the relative positions of the first ring body 401 and the third ring body 601. A first handle 405 is fixedly provided on the outer side of the first ring body 401.

[0060] In practical use, the leveling and heading mechanism 6 adjusts the height of the third ring body 601 by using three sets of adjustable support legs 604, observes the spirit level 605 to ensure that the landing platform 3 is in a horizontal state, then loosens the fasteners 602, drives the first ring body 401 to rotate by the first handle 405, calibrates the initial orientation according to the compass 603, and then locks the relative position of the first ring body 401 and the third ring body 601 by using the fasteners 602 to ensure that the initial flight direction of the UAV 2 meets the preset requirements.

[0061] Example 2

[0062] Building upon Example 1, existing data acquisition devices typically collect canopy data in a static state. However, when stationary, the dense overlapping of canopy branches and leaves can easily create obstructions, preventing the UAV 2 from acquiring a complete internal canopy structure. Therefore, this system actively disturbs the canopy to obtain dynamic structural data, significantly improving the completeness of the canopy's three-dimensional reconstruction. Figures 8-9 As shown, it also includes a micro-wind disturbance component 8 for blowing wind upwards from the ground to disturb the tree canopy, so as to assist the UAV 2 in collecting dynamic structure data of the canopy; the micro-wind disturbance component 8 includes a slide rail 801, a movable seat 802 slidably disposed on the slide rail 801, a drive motor 803 for driving the movable seat 802 to slide along the slide rail 801, and a fan 804 fixedly disposed on the top of the movable seat 802.

[0063] The slide rail 801 is composed of multiple track units fixedly spliced ​​together end to end, and the total length of the slide rail 801 can be adjusted according to the crown width of a single tree. The top of the second ring body 402 is provided with an installation groove 409 for fixing the slide rail 801. The extension direction of the slide rail 801 is parallel to the line connecting the two parking platforms 3. The moving speed of the fan 804 is synchronized with the horizontal flight speed of the drone 2 to ensure that the area covered by the breeze blown by the fan 804 always coincides with the real-time collection area of ​​the drone 2.

[0064] In practical use, the drive motor 803 drives the moving seat 802 to slide along the slide rail 801, and the fan 804 blows a level 1-2 breeze vertically upward from the ground or adjusts it according to the actual situation to disturb the tree canopy branches and leaves. The drone 2 flies along the above-mentioned preset flight path again, so that the drone 2 can capture the occluded structure in the dynamic scene and significantly improve the 3D reconstruction coverage.

[0065] Example 3

[0066] This invention also provides an integrated monitoring method for the structure and function of plantation stands based on multi-source data fusion, comprising the following steps:

[0067] S1. Move the ground monitoring box 1 to the side of the target log, so that the log enters the box through the notch, and use the clamping component 7 to center and position the log at the center reference position of the ground monitoring box 1.

[0068] S2. Use ground monitoring component 5 to collect geometric data and surface condition data of individual tree trunks, and use drone 2 to fly around individual trees along a preset flight path in the vertical plane to collect stand structure data of the bottom, top and sides of individual tree crowns.

[0069] S3. Drive the parking platform 3 and the ground monitoring component 5 to rotate synchronously by a set angle through the orientation conversion mechanism 4, repeat step S2, complete multi-path, circumferential all-round data collection, and obtain trunk and canopy structure data of a single tree in different orientations.

[0070] S4. The ground trunk data collected multiple times and the aerial canopy data are spatiotemporally aligned and multi-source fused to generate integrated data on the stand structure and function of the target tree. The above steps are performed on all target trees in the monitoring area in sequence, and the overall stand structure and function data of the plantation are obtained after summarizing.

[0071] The above-described embodiments are merely illustrative of several implementations of the present invention, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these modifications and improvements all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A system for integrated monitoring of the structure and function of plantation stands based on multi-source data fusion, characterized in that, include: A movable ground monitoring box (1) has a notch on one side for accommodating a single piece of wood; Unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) (2) is used to observe the crown of a single tree from multiple perspectives; Two landing platforms (3) are symmetrically distributed on the ground monitoring box (1) and located on both sides of the notch slot, for the take-off and landing of the UAV (2). The UAV (2) takes off from one of the landing platforms (3) and flies around the single tree along a preset flight path in the vertical plane to collect stand structure data of the bottom, top and sides of the single tree crown. Ground monitoring component (5) is installed in the notch and is used to collect geometric data and surface condition data of individual tree trunks; The clamping component (7) is located in the notch and below the ground monitoring component (5) and is used to center and position the single wood to the center reference position of the ground monitoring box (1). Also includes: The orientation conversion mechanism (4) is used to drive the parking platform (3) and the ground monitoring component (5) to rotate synchronously by a set angle, so as to realize the collection of multiple preset flight paths of the UAV (2) and the circumferential all-round collection of the ground monitoring component (5); The orientation conversion mechanism (4) includes a first ring body (401) and a second ring body (402) rotatably disposed on the top of the first ring body (401). The first ring body (401) is provided with a plurality of positioning holes (403) evenly distributed along the circumference. One end of the second ring body (402) is provided with a positioning component (406) adapted to the positioning hole (403). The two parking platforms (3) are symmetrically fixed on the second ring body (402). An identification card (404) is fixedly provided below each positioning hole (403). A second handle (407) is fixedly provided on the outside of the second ring body (402). The first ring body (401) and the second ring body (402) are both provided with notches adapted to the notch groove of the ground monitoring box (1). The ground monitoring component (5) includes a lifting plate (501) and monitoring units disposed at the upper and lower ends of the lifting plate (501). The monitoring unit includes an arc plate (502), a camera (503) fixed in the middle of the arc plate (502), and a distance sensor (504) fixed at both ends of the arc plate (502). The second ring body (402) is fixedly provided with a slide (408) on the inner side of the middle part. The slide (408) is slidably engaged with the lifting plate (501), and a locking member for locking the position of the lifting plate (501) is provided on one side of the slide (408). It also includes a leveling and orientation adjustment mechanism (6) located below the orientation conversion mechanism (4), the leveling and orientation adjustment mechanism (6) being used to adjust the parking platform (3) to a horizontal state and calibrate its initial orientation to a preset orientation; The leveling and directional adjustment mechanism (6) includes a third ring body (601), three sets of adjustable support legs (604) located at the bottom of the third ring body (601) and evenly distributed along the circumference, and a compass (603) and a spirit level (605) fixedly located on the top of the second ring body (402). The bottom end of the adjustable support leg (604) is connected to the top of the ground monitoring box (1). The first ring body (401) is slidably located on the top of the third ring body (601), and the third ring body (601) is provided with a fastener (602) for locking the relative position of the first ring body (401) and the third ring body (601). A first handle (405) is fixedly located on the outer side of the first ring body (401).

2. The integrated monitoring system for the structure and function of plantation stands based on multi-source data fusion according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drone (2) is fixedly equipped with a mounting box (201), and the top, bottom and opposite sides of the mounting box (201) are equipped with aerial monitoring components (202).

3. The integrated monitoring system for the structure and function of plantation stands based on multi-source data fusion according to claim 1, characterized in that, The clamping assembly (7) includes two clamping members (701) symmetrically arranged on both sides of the ground monitoring box (1) and a moving module (702) for driving the two clamping members (701) to move synchronously. The clamping member (701) can slide through the corresponding side of the ground monitoring box (1), and the moving module (702) is fixedly installed on the outer side of the ground monitoring box (1).

4. The integrated monitoring system for the structure and function of plantation stands based on multi-source data fusion according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a micro-wind disturbance component (8) for blowing wind upwards from the ground to disturb the tree canopy, in order to assist the UAV (2) in collecting data on the dynamic structure of the canopy. The micro-wind disturbance component (8) includes a slide rail (801), a movable seat (802) slidably disposed on the slide rail (801), a drive motor (803) for driving the movable seat (802) to slide along the slide rail (801), and a fan (804) fixedly disposed on the top of the movable seat (802).

5. The integrated monitoring system for the structure and function of plantation stands based on multi-source data fusion according to claim 4, characterized in that, The slide rail (801) is composed of multiple track units fixedly spliced ​​together end to end; The top of the second ring (402) is provided with a mounting groove (409) for fixing the slide rail (801). The extension direction of the slide rail (801) is parallel to the line connecting the two parking platforms (3). The moving speed of the fan (804) is synchronized with the horizontal flight speed of the UAV (2).

6. A method for integrated monitoring of plantation stand structure and function based on multi-source data fusion, employing the integrated monitoring system for plantation stand structure and function based on multi-source data fusion as described in any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Move the ground monitoring box (1) to the side of the target log, so that the log enters the box through the notch, and use the clamping assembly (7) to center the log to the center reference position of the ground monitoring box (1). S2. Use the ground monitoring component (5) to collect geometric data and surface condition data of the single tree trunk, and use the drone (2) to fly around the single tree along a preset flight path in the vertical plane to collect stand structure data of the bottom, top and sides of the single tree crown; S3. Drive the parking platform (3) and the ground monitoring component (5) to rotate synchronously by a set angle through the orientation conversion mechanism (4), repeat step S2, complete multi-path, circumferential all-round data collection, and obtain trunk and canopy structure data of a single tree in different orientations; S4. The ground trunk data collected multiple times and the aerial canopy data are spatiotemporally aligned and multi-source fused to generate integrated data on the stand structure and function of the target tree. The above steps are performed on all target trees in the monitoring area in sequence, and the overall stand structure and function data of the plantation are obtained after summarizing.

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