Battery box fire multi-stage response triggering method based on life segmentation

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of battery box fire multi-stage response trigger methods based on life segmentation, comprising: S1, according to the data accuracy attenuation characteristic of multiple sensors in battery box, the service life of battery box is divided into N continuous stages;S2, configure independent fire response trigger strategy for each stage;S3, real-time acquisition multi-sensor data, identify the stage currently being in;S4, execute fire response based on the trigger strategy corresponding to current stage.This application reduces the false alarm and missed alarm risk caused by sensor aging significantly through life segmentation and dynamic strategy adaptation, improves fire response accuracy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of battery thermal runaway technology, and in particular to a multi-level response triggering method for battery box fires based on lifespan segmentation. Background Technology

[0002] Current battery box fire monitoring primarily relies on multi-sensor joint early warning systems. However, the accuracy of sensor data continuously declines with battery life, leading to a surge in false alarms during the battery aging phase using traditional fixed threshold strategies. Existing technologies do not consider the performance degradation patterns of sensors throughout their lifespan and still employ a uniform triggering standard, resulting in delayed responses in the early stages of a fire or missed detections during the outbreak phase. Especially in the later stages of battery use, when the sensitivity of gas sensors significantly decreases, the system struggles to identify early signs of thermal runaway, and the problem of delayed alarms due to temperature sensor aging is equally prominent. This static strategy cannot adapt to the reliability changes throughout the entire lifespan, necessitating the establishment of a dynamic response mechanism to address the monitoring failure problem caused by sensor degradation.

[0003] This invention dynamically adjusts the fire response strategy across battery lifespan segments, switching dominant monitoring indicators in stages based on sensor attenuation characteristics to ensure data reliability throughout the entire lifecycle. It also employs weighted transfer rules to automatically match the most effective sensor combination, avoiding misjudgments caused by sensor aging. Furthermore, the multi-level response trigger conditions are intelligently simplified as the battery lifespan evolves, reducing computational complexity while maintaining early warning sensitivity. This solution significantly improves the fire identification accuracy of battery systems throughout their entire lifecycle, ensuring early warning capabilities while reducing redundant responses and optimizing the efficiency of safety resource allocation. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the technical problems existing in the background art, this invention proposes a multi-level response triggering method for battery box fire based on lifespan segmentation, including: S1, dividing the battery box lifespan into N consecutive stages according to the data accuracy decay characteristics of multiple sensors in the battery box;

[0005] S2. Configure an independent fire response triggering strategy for each stage. The configuration rules of the triggering strategy include: as the life stage number increases, the sensor type on which the triggering strategy is based is arranged in the order of volatile organic compound concentration, carbon monoxide concentration, smoke concentration, and temperature, with the weight of the previous type of sensor decreasing and the weight of the next type of sensor increasing; wherein, in the first stage, volatile organic compound concentration and carbon monoxide concentration are preferentially used as the main triggering basis, and in subsequent stages, smoke concentration and temperature are successively transitioned to be the main triggering basis.

[0006] S3. Real-time acquisition of data from multiple sensors to identify the current stage;

[0007] S4. Execute fire response based on the triggering strategy corresponding to the current stage.

[0008] Furthermore, the triggering strategy includes: a first sub-strategy that independently configures the initial fire response, a second sub-strategy that configures the intermediate fire response, and a third sub-strategy that configures the fire outbreak response.

[0009] Furthermore, the multi-sensor data includes multiple parameters such as volatile organic compound concentration, carbon monoxide concentration, smoke concentration, temperature, CO concentration change rate, smoke concentration change rate, and temperature change rate.

[0010] Furthermore, the configuration rules for the triggering strategy also include:

[0011] The first sub-strategy in each stage prioritizes the sensor combination with the highest current weight as the trigger condition.

[0012] In the third sub-strategy of each stage, the trigger threshold of the temperature sensor gradually decreases as the lifespan stage increases;

[0013] The frequency of use of sensor change rate indicators gradually decreases as the lifespan increases, and when the weight of a sensor in the current stage is lower than the preset benchmark value, its associated change rate indicator is removed from the triggering conditions.

[0014] Furthermore, the threshold setting rules corresponding to the strategy include: for the same sensor type, the number of threshold levels used to trigger sub-strategies increases progressively with the lifetime stage number; in the priority order of volatile organic compound concentration, carbon monoxide concentration, smoke concentration, and temperature, when a sensor type ranked lower is first activated, its threshold level for triggering sub-strategies is higher than that of a sensor type ranked higher in the same lifetime stage; when a sensor type is not used in the current lifetime stage, its associated threshold level does not participate in the trigger strategy determination.

[0015] Furthermore, with N=4, in the first stage of the battery box's lifespan, the fire response triggering strategy is as follows: when the VOC concentration is greater than or equal to the first-level threshold and the CO concentration is greater than or equal to the first-level threshold, the first sub-strategy is triggered; when the VOC concentration is greater than or equal to the third-level threshold, the CO concentration is greater than or equal to the third-level threshold, and the CO change rate is greater than or equal to the third-level change rate, the second sub-strategy is triggered; when the VOC concentration is greater than or equal to the third-level threshold, the CO concentration is greater than or equal to the third-level threshold, the CO change rate is greater than or equal to the third-level change rate, and the temperature is greater than or equal to the third-level threshold, the third sub-strategy is triggered.

[0016] Furthermore, with N=4, in the second stage of the battery box's lifespan, the fire response triggering strategy is specifically as follows: when the VOC concentration is greater than or equal to the secondary threshold, the CO concentration is greater than or equal to the secondary threshold, and the CO change rate is greater than or equal to the primary change rate, the first sub-strategy is triggered; when the CO concentration is greater than or equal to the tertiary threshold, the CO change rate is greater than or equal to the tertiary change rate, the smoke concentration is greater than or equal to the primary threshold, and the smoke change rate is greater than or equal to the primary change rate, the second sub-strategy is triggered; when the CO concentration is greater than or equal to the tertiary threshold, the CO change rate is greater than or equal to the tertiary threshold, the smoke concentration is greater than or equal to the secondary threshold, and the smoke change rate is greater than or equal to the secondary change rate, the third sub-strategy is triggered.

[0017] Furthermore, with N=4, in the third stage of the battery box's lifespan, the fire response triggering strategy is specifically as follows: when the CO concentration is greater than or equal to the secondary threshold, the CO change rate is greater than or equal to the secondary change rate, and the temperature is greater than or equal to the primary threshold, the first sub-strategy is triggered; when the smoke concentration is greater than or equal to the primary threshold, the smoke change rate is greater than or equal to the primary change rate, and the temperature change rate is greater than or equal to the primary change rate, the second sub-strategy is triggered; and when the smoke concentration is greater than or equal to the tertiary threshold, the temperature is greater than or equal to the tertiary threshold, and the temperature change rate is greater than or equal to the primary change rate, the third sub-strategy is triggered.

[0018] Furthermore, with N=4, in the fourth stage of the battery box's lifespan, the fire response triggering strategy is as follows: when the temperature is greater than or equal to the first-level threshold and the temperature change rate is greater than or equal to the first-level change rate, the first sub-strategy is triggered; when the temperature is greater than or equal to the second-level threshold, the second sub-strategy is triggered; and when the temperature is greater than or equal to the fourth-level threshold, the third sub-strategy is triggered.

[0019] This invention proposes a multi-level response triggering method for battery box fires based on lifespan segmentation. By analyzing the decay law of accuracy of multi-sensor data within the battery box, the lifespan is divided into multiple continuously evolving stages. For each stage, a hierarchical triggering strategy is independently configured, including initial fire response, mid-stage response, and outbreak response. In real-time operation, the optimal sensor combination is automatically selected based on the current lifespan stage. Through a priority weight transfer mechanism for core parameters such as volatile organic compound concentration, carbon monoxide concentration, smoke concentration, and temperature, combined with dynamic decay rules for the rate of change index, a stage-adaptive multi-level triggering threshold system is constructed. A sensor weight transfer model is used to simultaneously optimize the number of threshold levels and the complexity of triggering conditions. This ensures that the first sub-strategy always focuses on the most reliable sensor combination, and the third sub-strategy maintains response sensitivity through a temperature threshold compensation mechanism. Finally, multi-dimensional features are integrated to generate a stage-specific, accurate fire prevention decision. This invention significantly improves the anti-interference capability of fire identification throughout its entire lifespan, effectively overcoming false alarms and missed alarms caused by sensor aging. Furthermore, by dynamically eliminating failure indicators, computational redundancy is reduced, enhancing the system's adaptability to complex application scenarios and diverse battery degradation modes. At the same time, optimize resource allocation efficiency, reduce unnecessary response actions while ensuring the accuracy of early warning, and achieve a synergistic improvement in the reliability, real-time performance and energy efficiency of the battery safety management system. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating a multi-level response triggering method for battery box fires based on lifespan segmentation proposed in this invention. Detailed Implementation

[0021] Reference Figure 1 The present invention proposes a multi-level response triggering method for battery box fire based on lifespan segmentation, including: S1, dividing the battery box lifespan into N consecutive stages according to the data accuracy decay characteristics of multiple sensors in the battery box.

[0022] The process involves calibrating the error rate curves of multiple sensor types (volatile organic compound concentration sensor, carbon monoxide concentration sensor, smoke concentration sensor, and temperature sensor) as the number of charge / discharge cycles increases through aging experiments. Based on the common decay law of error rates for various sensor types, staged error rate threshold ranges are set. For example, when the average error rate of all sensors is between 0% and 5%, it is the first stage of the battery pack's lifespan; 5% to 15% is the second stage; 15% to 25% is the third stage; and above 25% is the fourth stage, which is an embodiment with N=4. The boundary values ​​of the lifespan stages must meet the principle of continuity of the error rate critical point, that is, the upper limit of the previous stage equals the lower limit of the next stage. The average error rate of the sensors in the latest 100 charge / discharge cycles is calculated in real time using a dynamic sliding window algorithm, and the current lifespan stage is determined based on the threshold range to which this value belongs.

[0023] S2. Configure an independent fire response triggering strategy for each stage. The configuration rules for the triggering strategy include: as the life stage number increases, the sensor type on which the triggering strategy is based is arranged in the order of volatile organic compound concentration, carbon monoxide concentration, smoke concentration, and temperature, with the weight of the previous type of sensor decreasing and the weight of the next type of sensor increasing; in particular, the first stage prioritizes volatile organic compound concentration and carbon monoxide concentration as the main triggering criteria, and subsequent stages gradually transition to smoke concentration and temperature as the main triggering criteria;

[0024] In this embodiment, the triggering strategy includes: a first sub-strategy that independently configures the initial fire response, a second sub-strategy that configures the intermediate fire response, and a third sub-strategy that configures the fire outbreak response.

[0025] S3. Real-time acquisition of data from multiple sensors to identify the current stage.

[0026] In this embodiment, the multi-sensor data includes multiple parameters such as volatile organic compound concentration, carbon monoxide concentration, smoke concentration, temperature, CO concentration change rate, smoke concentration change rate, and temperature change rate.

[0027] The selection of a combination of volatile organic compound (VOC) concentration, carbon monoxide (CO) concentration, smoke concentration, temperature, and their rate of change is based on a multi-dimensional coverage of the physicochemical characteristics of the thermal runaway evolution process and the need for timely early warning: VOC concentration, as the earliest indicator of electrolyte decomposition, can capture the initial signs of solvent evaporation in lithium-ion battery thermal runaway. Carbon monoxide concentration directly reflects the gas production behavior of cathode material decomposition, and its rate of change can provide early warning of the accelerating trend of oxidation reaction. Smoke concentration is sensitive to the release of particles caused by membrane melting, providing evidence of visible combustion phase transition. Temperature and its rate of change quantify the thermal accumulation kinetics process, serving as the core criterion for fire energy release. The synergistic monitoring of four types of static parameters and three types of dynamic change rates, while enhancing the sensitivity to gradual failure through the rate of change parameter, overcomes the limitations of misjudgment by single sensors in complex environments, forming a complementary diagnostic matrix in spatiotemporal dimensions.

[0028] S4. Execute fire response based on the triggering strategy corresponding to the current stage.

[0029] In this embodiment, the configuration rules for the triggering strategy also include:

[0030] The first sub-strategy in each stage prioritizes the sensor combination with the highest current weight as the trigger condition.

[0031] In the third sub-strategy of each stage, the trigger threshold of the temperature sensor gradually decreases as the lifespan stage increases;

[0032] The frequency of use of sensor change rate indicators gradually decreases as the lifespan increases, and when the weight of a sensor in the current stage is lower than the preset benchmark value, its associated change rate indicator is removed from the triggering conditions.

[0033] The threshold setting rules corresponding to the strategy include: for the same sensor type, the number of threshold levels used to trigger sub-strategies increases progressively with the lifetime stage number; in the priority order of volatile organic compound concentration, carbon monoxide concentration, smoke concentration, and temperature, when a sensor type ranked lower is first activated, its threshold level for triggering sub-strategies is higher than that of a sensor type ranked higher in the same lifetime stage; when a sensor type is not used in the current lifetime stage, its associated threshold level does not participate in the trigger strategy determination.

[0034] Specifically, the sensor type with the highest weight in the current lifespan stage must be included in the core triggering conditions of the initial response sub-strategy, prioritizing it in the order of volatile organic compound concentration → carbon monoxide concentration → smoke concentration → temperature. For the same sensor type, the number of threshold levels needs to be increased in later stages; for example, a temperature sensor should use four threshold levels in the fourth stage, and the initial triggering threshold level for newly enabled sensor types must be higher than the response requirements of the same level in earlier stages. Furthermore, as the lifespan stage progresses, the frequency of use of dynamic indicators such as the rate of change in carbon monoxide concentration and the rate of change in smoke concentration gradually decreases. When the weight of a sensor falls below the baseline (e.g., removing the volatile organic compound concentration sensor in the third stage), its associated rate of change indicator is simultaneously removed from all sub-strategy triggering conditions. The burst response sub-strategy needs to decrease the temperature threshold requirement according to the lifespan stage sequence; for example, the burst response in the fourth stage only requires temperature as a single parameter trigger to offset the sensitivity loss caused by the decrease in sensor accuracy.

[0035] Referring to Table 1, when N=4, in the first stage of the battery box's lifespan, the fire response triggering strategy is as follows: when the VOC concentration is greater than or equal to the first-level threshold and the CO concentration is greater than or equal to the first-level threshold, the first sub-strategy is triggered; when the VOC concentration is greater than or equal to the third-level threshold, the CO concentration is greater than or equal to the third-level threshold, and the CO change rate is greater than or equal to the third-level change rate, the second sub-strategy is triggered; when the VOC concentration is greater than or equal to the third-level threshold, the CO concentration is greater than or equal to the third-level threshold, the CO change rate is greater than or equal to the third-level change rate, and the temperature is greater than or equal to the third-level threshold, the third sub-strategy is triggered.

[0036] Specifically, in the second stage of the battery box's lifespan, the fire response triggering strategy is as follows: when the VOC concentration is greater than or equal to the secondary threshold, the CO concentration is greater than or equal to the secondary threshold, and the CO change rate is greater than or equal to the primary change rate, the first sub-strategy is triggered; when the CO concentration is greater than or equal to the tertiary threshold, the CO change rate is greater than or equal to the tertiary change rate, the smoke concentration is greater than or equal to the primary threshold, and the smoke change rate is greater than or equal to the primary change rate, the second sub-strategy is triggered; and when the CO concentration is greater than or equal to the tertiary threshold, the CO change rate is greater than or equal to the tertiary threshold, the smoke concentration is greater than or equal to the secondary threshold, and the smoke change rate is greater than or equal to the secondary change rate, the third sub-strategy is triggered.

[0037] Specifically, in the third stage of the battery box's lifespan, the fire response triggering strategy is as follows: when the CO concentration is greater than or equal to the secondary threshold, the CO change rate is greater than or equal to the secondary change rate, and the temperature is greater than or equal to the primary threshold, the first sub-strategy is triggered; when the smoke concentration is greater than or equal to the primary threshold, the smoke change rate is greater than or equal to the primary change rate, and the temperature change rate is greater than or equal to the primary change rate, the second sub-strategy is triggered; and when the smoke concentration is greater than or equal to the tertiary threshold, the temperature is greater than or equal to the tertiary threshold, and the temperature change rate is greater than or equal to the primary change rate, the third sub-strategy is triggered.

[0038] Specifically, in the fourth stage of the battery box's lifespan, the fire response triggering strategy is as follows: when the temperature is greater than or equal to the first-level threshold and the temperature change rate is greater than or equal to the first-level change rate, the first sub-strategy is triggered; when the temperature is greater than or equal to the second-level threshold, the second sub-strategy is triggered; and when the temperature is greater than or equal to the fourth-level threshold, the third sub-strategy is triggered.

[0039] Table 1

[0040]

[0041] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-level response triggering method for battery box fires based on lifespan segmentation, characterized in that, include: S1. Based on the data accuracy decay characteristics of multiple sensors in the battery box, the battery box life cycle is divided into N consecutive stages. S2. Configure an independent fire response triggering strategy for each stage. The configuration rules of the triggering strategy include: as the life stage number increases, the sensor type on which the triggering strategy is based is arranged in the order of volatile organic compound concentration, carbon monoxide concentration, smoke concentration, and temperature, with the weight of the previous type of sensor decreasing and the weight of the next type of sensor increasing; wherein, in the first stage, volatile organic compound concentration and carbon monoxide concentration are preferentially used as the main triggering basis, and in subsequent stages, smoke concentration and temperature are successively transitioned to be the main triggering basis. S3. Real-time acquisition of data from multiple sensors to identify the current stage; S4. Execute fire response based on the triggering strategy corresponding to the current stage; The triggering strategies include: a first sub-strategy that independently configures the initial fire response, a second sub-strategy that configures the intermediate fire response, and a third sub-strategy that configures the fire outbreak response. The configuration rules for the triggering strategy also include: The first sub-strategy in each stage prioritizes the sensor combination with the highest current weight as the trigger condition. In the third sub-strategy of each stage, the trigger threshold of the temperature sensor gradually decreases as the lifespan stage increases; The frequency of use of the sensor change rate index gradually decreases as the lifespan increases, and when the weight of a sensor in the current stage is lower than the preset benchmark value, its associated change rate index is removed from the triggering conditions. With N=4, in the first stage of the battery box's lifespan, the fire response triggering strategy is as follows: when the VOC concentration is greater than or equal to the first-level threshold and the CO concentration is greater than or equal to the first-level threshold, the first sub-strategy is triggered; when the VOC concentration is greater than or equal to the third-level threshold, the CO concentration is greater than or equal to the third-level threshold, and the CO change rate is greater than or equal to the third-level change rate, the second sub-strategy is triggered; when the VOC concentration is greater than or equal to the third-level threshold, the CO concentration is greater than or equal to the third-level threshold, the CO change rate is greater than or equal to the third-level change rate, and the temperature is greater than or equal to the third-level threshold, the third sub-strategy is triggered.

2. The multi-level response triggering method for battery box fire based on lifespan segmentation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The multi-sensor data includes multiple parameters such as volatile organic compound concentration, carbon monoxide concentration, smoke concentration, temperature, CO concentration change rate, smoke concentration change rate, and temperature change rate.

3. The multi-level response triggering method for battery box fire based on lifespan segmentation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The threshold setting rules corresponding to the strategy include: for the same sensor type, the number of threshold levels used to trigger sub-strategies increases progressively with the lifetime stage number; in the priority order of volatile organic compound concentration, carbon monoxide concentration, smoke concentration, and temperature, when a sensor type ranked lower is first activated, its threshold level for triggering sub-strategies is higher than that of a sensor type ranked higher in the same lifetime stage; when a sensor type is not used in the current lifetime stage, its associated threshold level does not participate in the trigger strategy determination.

4. The multi-level response triggering method for battery box fire based on lifespan segmentation according to claim 1, characterized in that, With N=4, in the second stage of the battery box's lifespan, the fire response triggering strategy is as follows: when the VOC concentration is greater than or equal to the secondary threshold, the CO concentration is greater than or equal to the secondary threshold, and the CO change rate is greater than or equal to the primary change rate, the first sub-strategy is triggered; when the CO concentration is greater than or equal to the tertiary threshold, the CO change rate is greater than or equal to the tertiary change rate, the smoke concentration is greater than or equal to the primary threshold, and the smoke change rate is greater than or equal to the primary change rate, the second sub-strategy is triggered; and when the CO concentration is greater than or equal to the tertiary threshold, the CO change rate is greater than or equal to the tertiary threshold, the smoke concentration is greater than or equal to the secondary threshold, and the smoke change rate is greater than or equal to the secondary change rate, the third sub-strategy is triggered.

5. The multi-level response triggering method for battery box fire based on lifespan segmentation according to claim 1, characterized in that, With N=4, in the third stage of the battery box's lifespan, the fire response triggering strategy is as follows: when the CO concentration is greater than or equal to the secondary threshold, the CO change rate is greater than or equal to the secondary change rate, and the temperature is greater than or equal to the primary threshold, the first sub-strategy is triggered; when the smoke concentration is greater than or equal to the primary threshold, the smoke change rate is greater than or equal to the primary change rate, and the temperature change rate is greater than or equal to the primary change rate, the second sub-strategy is triggered; and when the smoke concentration is greater than or equal to the tertiary threshold, the temperature is greater than or equal to the tertiary threshold, and the temperature change rate is greater than or equal to the primary change rate, the third sub-strategy is triggered.

6. The multi-level response triggering method for battery box fire based on lifespan segmentation according to claim 1, characterized in that, With N=4, in the fourth stage of the battery box's lifespan, the fire response triggering strategy is as follows: when the temperature is greater than or equal to the first-level threshold and the temperature change rate is greater than or equal to the first-level change rate, the first sub-strategy is triggered; when the temperature is greater than or equal to the second-level threshold, the second sub-strategy is triggered; and when the temperature is greater than or equal to the fourth-level threshold, the third sub-strategy is triggered.

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