Mixing device for coal ash backfilling and using method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of coal ash mixing, and particularly discloses a mixing device for coal ash backfilling and a using method thereof.The mixing device comprises a box body, a smashing hopper is arranged at the top of the box body, a first discharging opening is formed in the bottom of the box body, and a separation cavity is formed in the box body; a crushing mechanism used for crushing coal ash cakes is arranged in the crushing hopper, a separating mechanism used for separating metal impurities and an air injection mechanism used for conveying the metal impurities are arranged in the separating cavity, a driving mechanism is arranged on the side portion of the box body and used for driving the crushing mechanism and the separating mechanism to work at the same time, and a second discharging port is formed in the side wall of the separating cavity. The separated metal impurities can be conveyed to the second discharging opening to be discharged through gas sprayed out of the gas spraying mechanism; impurities and fly ash are thoroughly separated, the impurity removal efficiency is guaranteed, and the problems that an existing device does not remove metal impurities, consequently, the impurities damage equipment parts in the stirring process, and the stability of a backfilling structure is affected are solved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of fly ash mixing, more particularly to a fly ash backfilling mixing device and a method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] Fly ash is a fine particulate solid waste collected from flue gas after burning coal powder in coal-fired power plants, and its annual output is directly linked to the scale of thermal power. In engineering construction, backfilling is one of the core processes, which aims to restore site bearing capacity by filling the empty space and prevent settlement or meet subsequent construction needs. Traditional backfilling materials mainly include natural soil and gravel, but these materials have obvious shortcomings, creating a demand for fly ash backfilling.

[0003] Patent No. CN222534585U discloses a fly ash backfilling mixing device, which comprises a stirring device. The stirring device is provided with a stirring rod installed on one side, a limiting frame welded on the surface of the stirring rod, a groove opened on the top of the limiting frame, a stirring blade sleeved in the limiting frame, and an external threaded rod welded on the surface of the stirring blade and located in the groove. The fly ash backfilling mixing device can provide installation and disassembly effects for the stirring blade through the limiting frame. When the fly ash backfilling mixing device needs to be cleaned, the nut can be removed, and then the stirring blade can be pulled out from the limiting frame. The fly ash backfilling mixing device can be cleaned without being blocked by the stirring blade, which is very convenient to use.

[0004] However, fly ash is prone to clumping due to moisture and pressure during storage and transportation. The existing device has independent operation of each process and poor continuity, resulting in low overall processing efficiency, easy secondary clumping of materials, and poor uniformity of mixed materials, which affects the compaction degree and bearing capacity of the backfilling layer. Metal impurities such as construction residual steel debris and bolts may be mixed in fly ash, which may damage equipment parts during subsequent stirring and affect the stability of the backfilling structure. To solve the above-mentioned defects of the prior art, the present application provides a fly ash backfilling mixing device and a method thereof. SUMMARY

[0005] In order to overcome the above-mentioned defects of the prior art, the present application provides a fly ash backfilling mixing device and a method thereof to solve the problems existing in the background art.

[0006] The application provides the following technical scheme: a mixing device for fly ash backfilling and a use method thereof, which comprises a box body and a mixing hopper, the top of the box body is provided with a crushing hopper, the bottom is provided with a first discharge port, and the inside is provided with a separation cavity, the crushing hopper is communicated with the separation cavity through a channel, a crushing mechanism for crushing fly ash agglomerates is arranged in the crushing hopper, a separation mechanism for separating metal impurities and a jet mechanism for conveying metal impurities are arranged in the separation cavity, a driving mechanism is arranged on the side of the box body, the driving mechanism is used for driving the crushing mechanism and the separation mechanism to work simultaneously, a second discharge port is arranged on the side wall of the separation cavity, and the gas sprayed by the jet mechanism can convey the separated metal impurities to the second discharge port and discharge; the top of the mixing hopper is provided with a main feed port and an auxiliary feed port, the first discharge port is communicated with the main feed port through a spiral conveyor, and a third discharge port is arranged at the bottom of the mixing hopper, and a mixing mechanism for stirring fly ash and backfilling auxiliary materials is arranged inside; the separation mechanism comprises a hollow cylinder, a centering shaft, a magnetic plate and an inner ring, protruding parts are arranged on the two sides of the separation cavity, the hollow cylinder is rotationally connected in the protruding part, the centering shaft, the magnetic plate and the inner ring are all located in the hollow cylinder, the two sides of the protruding part are closed through side sealing plates, one end of the centering shaft is fixedly connected with the side sealing plate close to the centering shaft, the inner ring is fixedly connected to the circumferential surface of the centering shaft, and the magnetic plate is fixedly connected to the circumferential surface of the inner ring.

[0007] Further, the crushing mechanism comprises two crushing rollers and two straight gears, the two crushing rollers are both rotationally connected in the crushing hopper, the two straight gears are respectively fixedly connected to the ends of the corresponding crushing rollers extending out of the box body, and the two straight gears are meshed with each other.

[0008] Further, the driving mechanism comprises a first motor, a first transmission wheel, a second transmission wheel, a first transmission belt, a third transmission wheel, a fourth transmission wheel and a second transmission belt, the first motor is fixedly connected to the outside groove of the box body, the first transmission wheel and the third transmission wheel are both fixedly connected to the output end of the first motor, the second transmission wheel is fixedly connected to the other end of the centering shaft, the first transmission belt is in transmission connection between the first transmission wheel and the second transmission wheel, the fourth transmission wheel is fixedly connected to the end of one of the crushing rollers, and the second transmission belt is in transmission connection between the fourth transmission wheel and the third transmission wheel.

[0009] Further, the jet mechanism comprises a fan, an air outlet pipe and a shunt pipe, the fan is fixedly connected to the side groove of the box body, the air outlet pipe is fixedly connected to the upper inner wall of the separation cavity, the shunt pipe is connected between the air outlet of the fan and the air outlet pipe, the gas generated by the fan flows through the shunt pipe into the air outlet pipe, and finally the gas is compressed and sprayed out through the air outlet pipe, so that the metal impurities on the surface of the hollow cylinder are sprayed towards the second discharge port.

[0010] Further, the upper inner wall of the separation cavity is fixedly connected with a Dingzi plate, the bottom of the Dingzi plate is attached to the upper surface center of the hollow cylinder, when the hollow cylinder rotates, the Dingzi plate can scrape off the fly ash attached to the surface of the hollow cylinder, and the magnetic plate is provided with a notch near the second discharge port.

[0011] Further, the mixing mechanism comprises a support frame, two spiral stirrers, a driving assembly and a power transmission assembly, the support frame is rotationally connected to the upper inner wall of the mixing hopper, the spiral stirrers are rotationally arranged at the two side ends of the support frame respectively, the ends of the two spiral stirrers gradually approach the third discharge port, the driving assembly comprises a second motor and a fourth bevel gear, the second motor is fixedly connected to the top of the mixing hopper, and the fourth bevel gear is fixedly connected to the output end of the second motor, and the power transmission assembly transmits the power of the second motor to the support frame and the two spiral stirrers through gear meshing.

[0012] Further, the power transmission assembly comprises a first bevel gear, a second bevel gear, a third bevel gear and an inner shaft, the first bevel gear is fixedly connected to the center upper end of the support frame, the inner shaft is rotationally connected to the inner core of the first bevel gear, the third bevel gear is fixedly connected to the lower end of the inner shaft, the second bevel gear is fixedly connected to the upper end of the inner shaft, the fourth bevel gear is meshed between the first bevel gear and the second bevel gear, two radial shafts are rotationally arranged in the support frame, the third bevel gears are fixedly connected to the close end of the two radial shafts, the third bevel gears are meshed with the third bevel gear, the second bevel gears are fixedly connected to the opposite end of the two radial shafts, the first bevel gears are fixedly connected to the shaft ends of the two spiral stirrers, and the first bevel gears are meshed with the corresponding second bevel gears.

[0013] Further, the spiral conveyor is provided with a control valve and a flowmeter, the control valve is used for adjusting the conveying rate of fly ash from the box body to the mixing hopper, and the flowmeter is used for monitoring the conveying amount of fly ash in real time.

[0014] A use method of a fly ash backfilling mixing device, comprising the following steps: S1, equipment inspection and preparation: check the connection state of the crushing mechanism, the separation mechanism, the driving mechanism, the air injection mechanism and the mixing mechanism, check whether the power supply connection of the spiral conveyor, the fan, the first motor and the second motor is normal.

[0015] S2, fly ash crushing and impurity removal: start the first motor and the fan, the output end of the first motor drives the first transmission wheel and the third transmission wheel to rotate synchronously, drives the second transmission wheel to rotate under the power transmission of the first transmission belt, and drives the fourth transmission wheel to rotate synchronously under the power transmission of the second transmission belt, finally drives the crushing roller and the hollow cylinder to rotate, the fan transports gas to the air outlet pipe through the shunt pipe, and finally sprays high-speed airflow on the surface of the hollow cylinder; then the fly ash to be treated is put into the crushing hopper, the fly ash is extruded and sheared by the two counter-rotating crushing rollers after entering the crushing hopper, and the crushed fly ash falls into the surface of the hollow cylinder through the channel; the magnetic plate in the hollow cylinder adsorbs the metal impurities in the fly ash to the surface of the hollow cylinder during rotation, and the rest of the fly ash on the surface falls off automatically, the metal impurities lose the adsorption of the magnetic plate when approaching the inlet of the second discharge port, at this time the metal impurities are below the air outlet pipe, and the metal impurities are blown to the second discharge port by high-speed airflow, the metal impurities are discharged through the second discharge port and collected, and the fly ash after impurity removal slides along the surface of the hollow cylinder to the bottom of the separation cavity, and finally enters the screw conveyor through the first discharge port.

[0016] S3, fly ash and auxiliary material mixing: control the screw conveyor to convey fly ash into the mixing hopper from the main feed port, adjust the opening degree of the control valve according to the conveying amount displayed by the flowmeter to control the conveying amount of fly ash; at the same time, according to the preset ratio, the backfilling auxiliary materials such as gravel and cement are put into the mixing hopper from the auxiliary feed port; then start the second motor, drive the first bevel gear and the second bevel gear to rotate synchronously through the output end of the second motor, the support frame revolves under the drive of the first bevel gear, drives the two spiral mixers to revolve, and at the same time, under the power transmission of the inner shaft, the third bevel gear, the third bevel gear, the radial shaft, the second bevel gear and the first bevel gear, the two spiral mixers are driven to rotate, and the fly ash and the auxiliary materials are mixed in all directions; S4, mixed material output: after mixing, open the valve of the third discharge port, and the mixed backfilling material is discharged through the third discharge port for backfilling operation; S5, equipment shutdown and cleaning: after the backfilling operation is completed, first, the first motor and the fan are turned off, and the fly ash crushing and impurity removal is stopped; after the material in the mixing hopper is emptied, the second motor is turned off, and finally the inside of the crushing hopper, the separation cavity and the mixing hopper are cleaned to avoid the influence of the residual material on the next use.

[0017] Technical effects and advantages of the present application: 1. The present application is provided with a separation mechanism and a jet mechanism, which is conducive to the strong adsorption of metal impurities in fly ash by a magnetic field, avoids the entry of impurities into the subsequent mixing link with fly ash, and sprays high-speed directional airflow after the fan air pipe is compressed, accurately blows the metal impurities to the inclined inlet of the second discharge port, avoids the free falling of impurities to the bottom of the separation cavity and mixes with pure fly ash, realizes the complete separation of impurities and fly ash, guarantees the impurity removal efficiency, and solves the problem that the existing device does not remove metal impurities, which damages the equipment parts during stirring and affects the stability of the backfill structure.

[0018] 2. The present application is provided with a driving mechanism to synchronously drive the crushing mechanism and the separation mechanism, which is conducive to the synchronous work of the crushing mechanism and the separation mechanism, so that the crushed fly ash can directly enter the impurity removal link, and the seamless connection of the pretreatment and mixing process is realized by connecting the box and the mixing bucket with the screw conveyor, which solves the problem that the existing device operates independently and has poor continuity, resulting in low overall processing efficiency and easy secondary caking or pollution of materials.

[0019] 3. The present application is provided with a mixing mechanism, which is conducive to supporting the spiral agitator to revolve around the center of the mixing bucket, covering the whole domain of the mixing bucket, while the spiral agitator itself rotates, and the end of the spiral agitator is close to the third discharge port to avoid residue of the bottom material. The action of revolution combined with rotation improves the mixing uniformity, and the control valve and flow meter of the screw conveyor can accurately control the ratio of fly ash and auxiliary materials, further guaranteeing the consistency of the mechanical properties of the mixed materials, and solving the problem of uneven mixing and difficult control of the ratio in the existing device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is the overall structure diagram of the present application; Figure 2 It is the box top view structure diagram of the present application; Figure 3 It is the crushing box section view of the present application; Figure 4 It is the driving mechanism diagram of the present application; Figure 5 It is the separation mechanism diagram of the present application; Figure 6 It is the hollow cylinder section structure diagram of the present application; Figure 7 It is the jet mechanism diagram of the present application; Figure 8 It is the mixing bucket structure diagram of the present application; Figure 9 It is the mixing bucket section diagram of the present application; Figure 10 It is the mixing mechanism diagram of the present application; Figure 11An enlarged view of A of the Figure 10 An enlarged view of B of the Figure 12 An enlarged view of A of the Figure 10 An enlarged view of B of the

[0021] The reference signs are: 1, box; 101, crushing hopper; 102, channel; 103, separation cavity; 104, first discharge port; 105, second discharge port; 106, protrusion; 107, side sealing plate; 2, crushing mechanism; 201, crushing roller; 202, spur gear; 3, separation mechanism; 301, hollow cylinder; 302, centering shaft; 303, magnetic plate; 304, inner ring; 305, side sealing disc; 4, driving mechanism; 401, first motor; 402, first transmission wheel; 403, second transmission wheel; 404, first transmission belt; 405, third transmission wheel; 406, fourth transmission wheel; 407, second transmission belt; 5, mixing hopper; 501, main feed port; 502, auxiliary feed port; 503, third discharge port; 6, mixing mechanism; 601, support frame; 602, spiral stirrer; 603, first small bevel gear; 604, radial shaft; 605, second small bevel gear; 606, third small bevel gear; 607, second motor; 608, fourth small bevel gear; 609, first large bevel gear; 6010, second large bevel gear; 6011, third large bevel gear; 6012, inner shaft; 7, air injection mechanism; 701, fan; 702, air outlet pipe; 703, shunt pipe; 8, screw conveyor; 9, Dinziboard. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The technical solutions in the present application will be described clearly and completely below in combination with the drawings in the present application, and additionally, the forms of each structure described in the following embodiments are only examples, and the mixed device for fly ash backfilling and the use method thereof involved in the present application are not limited to each structure described in the following embodiments, and all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor belong to the scope of protection of the present application.

[0023] Referring to Figures 1-12The application provides a mixed device for fly ash backfilling and a use method thereof, which comprises a box body 1 and a mixing hopper 5. The top of the box body 1 is provided with a crushing hopper 101, the bottom is provided with a first discharge port 104, and the inside is provided with a separation cavity 103. The crushing hopper 101 is communicated with the separation cavity 103 through a channel 102. The crushing hopper 101 is provided with a crushing mechanism 2 for crushing fly ash agglomerates. The separation cavity 103 is provided with a separation mechanism 3 for separating metal impurities and a gas injection mechanism 7 for conveying metal impurities. The side of the box body 1 is provided with a driving mechanism 4 for driving the crushing mechanism 2 and the separation mechanism 3 to work simultaneously. The side wall of the separation cavity 103 is provided with a second discharge port 105. The gas injected by the gas injection mechanism 7 can convey the separated metal impurities to the second discharge port 105 for discharge. The top of the mixing hopper 5 is provided with a main feed port 501 and a secondary feed port 502. The first discharge port 104 is communicated with the main feed port 501 through a spiral conveyor 8. The bottom of the mixing hopper 5 is provided with a third discharge port 503, and the inside is provided with a mixing mechanism 6 for stirring fly ash and backfilling auxiliary materials. The separation mechanism 3 comprises a hollow cylinder 301, a centering shaft 302, a magnetic plate 303 and an inner ring 304. The two sides of the separation cavity 103 are provided with protruding parts 106. The hollow cylinder 301 is rotatably connected in the protruding parts 106. The centering shaft 302, the magnetic plate 303 and the inner ring 304 are located in the hollow cylinder 301. The two sides of the protruding parts 106 are closed through side sealing plates 107. One end of the centering shaft 302 is fixedly connected with the side sealing plate 107 close to it. The inner ring 304 is fixedly connected with the circumferential surface of the centering shaft 302. The magnetic plate 303 is fixedly connected with the circumferential surface of the inner ring 304.

[0024] In this embodiment, it needs to be specifically pointed out that: the box body 1 is the pretreatment main body of the device, the top is outwardly expanded, which is the initial input and crushing area of fly ash, the first discharge port 104 at the bottom is the output channel of the impurity removed fly ash, and the inner separation cavity 103 is the core space of metal impurity separation. The three form a pretreatment process closed loop of input-crushing-impurity removal-output through the channel 102, ensuring that the fly ash completes double purification before entering the mixing link, and the channel 102 is an inclined structure. The inclined structure in combination with the top of the corresponding hollow cylinder 301 can guide the crushed fly ash to accurately fall on the upper surface of the hollow cylinder 301 through gravity. The hollow cylinder 301 can rotate, the center shaft 302, the magnetic plate 303 and the inner ring 304 cannot rotate. Since the metal impurity separation of the hollow cylinder 301 depends on the magnetic field generated by the magnetic plate 303 inside the hollow cylinder 301, only the surface area of the hollow cylinder 301 has the ability to adsorb metal impurities. If the fly ash falling position deviates, it will cause part of the fly ash to directly enter the subsequent link without being adsorbed by the magnetic field on the surface of the hollow cylinder 301, resulting in residual metal impurities. The inclined directional design of the channel 102 can ensure that the crushed fly ash first contacts the top surface of the hollow cylinder 301, is forced to pass through the magnetic field separation area, guarantees full coverage of the impurity removal process, and improves the metal impurity removal rate. If the channel 102 is a vertical structure, the material will accelerate downward due to gravity and accumulate on the surface of the hollow cylinder 301 at high speed, forming a problem of too thick material layer. The thick fly ash layer will hinder the contact between the internal metal impurities and the magnetic field on the surface of the hollow cylinder 301, resulting in insufficient impurity adsorption. The inclined structure of the channel 102 can slow down the falling speed of the fly ash through the inclination angle, so that the fly ash falls on the top of the hollow cylinder 301 in a relatively uniform state. This slow and uniform feeding method can not only ensure that the fly ash can fully contact the surface of the hollow cylinder 301, improve the impurity adsorption effect, but also avoid material accumulation, so that the pure fly ash not adsorbed can slide from the surface of the hollow cylinder 301 to the bottom of the separation cavity 103 in time, ensuring the continuous and efficient operation of the separation process. The crushed fly ash particles are not easy to remain on the inclined surface, avoiding the blockage of the channel caused by material residue and agglomeration, reducing the cleaning frequency of the equipment. The second discharge port 105 is provided with an inclined inlet near the side surface of the separation mechanism 3. The main inlet 501 at the top of the mixing hopper 5 receives the pretreated fly ash from the box body 1, the auxiliary inlet 502 is used to input gravel, cement and other backfilling materials, the third discharge port 503 at the bottom outputs the final mixed material, the internal mixing mechanism 6 realizes uniform stirring of multiple materials, forming a mixing process closed loop of material receiving, ratio mixing and product output, which seamlessly connects with the pretreatment process of the box body 1. Moreover, the hollow cylinder 301 is fixed at both ends by a bolted side seal plate 305 to play a sealing role and prevent fly ash from entering. The center shaft 302 penetrates through the side seal plate 305 at both ends, and the side seal plate 305 also supports the center shaft 302, and the connecting surface is smooth and polished.The driving mechanism 4 distributes power to the crushing mechanism 2 and the separation mechanism 3 through a transmission assembly, so that the crushing of fly ash and the separation of metal impurities are carried out synchronously, the crushed fly ash directly falls into the separation area of the separation mechanism 3 without intermediate storage, reducing the risk of material retention and secondary caking; the air injection mechanism 7 does not work independently, but precisely cooperates with the separation action of the separation mechanism 3, when the metal impurities adsorbed on the surface of the hollow cylinder 301 move to the vicinity of the second discharge port 105 during rotation, the air injection mechanism 7 blows gas to blow the impurities into the second discharge port 105, avoiding the impurities falling into the fly ash after impurity removal due to early or late gas injection, and ensuring the impurity removal efficiency.

[0025] The main difference between the embodiment and the prior art is that the embodiment adopts an integrated design of crushing, impurity removal and mixing, and solves the core defects of fly ash caking, metal impurities not being removed and low mixing uniformity in the existing device through multi-mechanism coordinated linkage and precise structure adaptation. Specifically, the fly ash caking is crushed by extrusion and shearing through the crushing mechanism 2, metal impurities are adsorbed by the magnetic plate 303, and the impurities are blown into the second discharge port 105 by the high-speed airflow of the air injection mechanism 7. This module realizes synchronous crushing and impurity removal, and the pretreated fly ash is free of caking and metal impurities, laying a foundation for high-quality materials for the subsequent mixing process. A notch is provided at the corresponding position of the second discharge port 105 to form a magnetic failure zone, ensuring that the impurities lose adsorption after reaching the specified position. The high-speed airflow of the air injection mechanism 7 precisely blows the impurities in the magnetic failure zone, avoiding impurity retention. The inclined inlet of the second discharge port 105 is attached to the side surface of the separation mechanism 3 and aligned with the notch of the magnetic plate 303, which not only guides the impurities to enter the second discharge port 105, but also prevents fly ash from mixing. This design greatly improves the metal impurity removal rate, effectively protects the subsequent mixing mechanism 6, guarantees the purity of the backfill material, fills the gap in the existing technology for impurity treatment, and realizes composite stirring of the mixing mechanism 6 through a power transmission assembly. The support frame 601 drives the spiral stirrer 602 to revolve around the center of the mixing hopper, covering the entire mixing hopper. At the same time, the spiral stirrer 602 itself revolves to strongly stir the local material. The end of the spiral stirrer 602 is close to the third discharge port 503 to avoid residue at the bottom. This revolving and revolving action improves mixing uniformity, and the control valve and flow meter of the spiral conveyor 8 can precisely control the ratio of fly ash and auxiliary materials, further guaranteeing the mechanical performance consistency of the mixed materials and solving the problems of uneven mixing and difficult control of the ratio in the existing device.

[0026] The above structure is the main structure of the embodiment, which solves the core problems in the prior art, such as the inability to effectively break the fly ash clumps, the damage of the equipment caused by the unremoved metal impurities, the instability of the backfill structure, and the low uniformity of the mixture of fly ash and auxiliary materials. The base frame welding structure of the box 1 and the internal space of the mixing hopper 5 are the existing structures. The specific structure and connection mode of the internal screw conveyor 8 are not described in detail in the embodiment. In addition, the model selection standard of the transmission belt in the driving mechanism 4 and the conventional working parameter setting of the fan in the air injection mechanism 7 also belong to the prior art. Therefore, the application is not limited in detail.

[0027] Referring to Figures 2-4 The crushing mechanism 2 includes two crushing rollers 201 and two spur gears 202. The two crushing rollers 201 are both rotationally connected in the crushing hopper 101. The two spur gears 202 are fixedly connected to the ends of the corresponding crushing rollers 201 extending out of the box 1, and the two spur gears 202 are in meshing engagement with each other.

[0028] In the embodiment, it needs to be specifically explained that the surface of the crushing roller 201 is designed to have staggered breaking teeth formed integrally. The tooth design can efficiently break the clumps through extrusion and shearing. When the fly ash enters the crushing hopper 101, the breaking teeth on the surfaces of the two crushing rollers 201 can penetrate into the inside of the clumps and tear the large fly ash into small particles. At the same time, the crushing roller 201 is rotationally connected to the reserved mounting hole in the inner wall of the crushing hopper 101 through bearings at both ends. The bearings are selected to be sealed deep groove ball bearings, which can not only ensure the smoothness of the rotation of the crushing roller 201, but also prevent the fine fly ash particles from entering the inside of the bearings to cause wear and tear, thereby prolonging the service life of the crushing roller 201. Since the two spur gears 202 are in meshing engagement with each other, the two crushing rollers 201 always rotate in opposite directions. When the fly ash is poured from the top of the crushing hopper 101, it will be gathered in the middle by the two crushing rollers 201 rotating in opposite directions, and at the same time, it will be extruded and sheared by the breaking teeth on both sides. The particle size of the broken particles is more uniform, avoiding the imbalance problem of large unbroken and small overbroken particles.

[0029] Referring to Figure 4 The driving mechanism 4 includes a first motor 401, a first transmission wheel 402, a second transmission wheel 403, a first transmission belt 404, a third transmission wheel 405, a fourth transmission wheel 406, and a second transmission belt 407. The first motor 401 is fixedly connected to the outer groove of the box 1. The first transmission wheel 402 and the third transmission wheel 405 are both fixedly connected to the output end of the first motor 401. The second transmission wheel 403 is fixedly connected to the other end of the centering shaft 302. The first transmission belt 404 is in transmission connection between the first transmission wheel 402 and the second transmission wheel 403. The fourth transmission wheel 406 is fixedly connected to the end of one of the crushing rollers 201. The second transmission belt 407 is in transmission connection between the fourth transmission wheel 406 and the third transmission wheel 405.

[0030] In this embodiment, it needs to be specifically pointed out that: the first motor 401 as the power source of the whole driving mechanism 4, its output end carries the first transmission wheel 402 and the third transmission wheel 405 at the same time, and can synchronously output power to the two processes of crushing and impurity removal. Without additional configuration of multiple motors, the equipment structure is simplified and the energy consumption is reduced. When working, the first motor 401 drives the first transmission wheel 402 and the third transmission wheel 405 to rotate synchronously, drives the second transmission wheel 403 to rotate under the power transmission of the first transmission belt 404, and drives the fourth transmission wheel 406 to rotate under the power transmission of the second transmission belt 407. Finally, the pulverizing roller 201 and the hollow cylinder 301 are driven to rotate at the same time, and their start and stop are completely synchronous. When the pulverizing mechanism 2 starts to crush fly ash, the hollow cylinder 301 of the separation mechanism 3 has been rotated synchronously and has the ability of impurity adsorption. The crushed fly ash can directly enter the separation chamber 103 to complete the impurity removal, without waiting for the preheating or speed adjustment of the impurity removal mechanism. The overall pretreatment time is greatly shortened, the process continuity is improved, the equipment overload or incomplete material treatment caused by different power is avoided, the belt type power transmission is adopted, the vibration impact during equipment operation can be buffered, such as when the pulverizing roller encounters hard clumps, the transmission belt can slightly deform to relieve the impact, and the service life of the key components of the equipment is prolonged.

[0031] With reference to Figure 3 and Figure 7 , the air injection mechanism 7 includes a fan 701, an air outlet pipe 702 and a shunt pipe 703. The fan 701 is fixedly connected to the side recess of the box body 1, the air outlet pipe 702 is fixedly connected to the upper inner wall of the separation chamber 103, and the shunt pipe 703 is connected between the air outlet of the fan 701 and the air outlet pipe 702. The gas generated by the fan 701 flows through the shunt pipe 703 into the air outlet pipe 702, and finally is compressed and sprayed out through the air outlet pipe 702, so as to spray the metal impurities on the surface of the hollow cylinder 301 to the second discharge port 105.

[0032] In this embodiment, it needs to be specifically pointed out that: the shunt pipe 703 is connected with the air outlet of the fan 701 and the gas inlet end of the air outlet pipe 702 through flanges or quick couplings at both ends respectively, and the connection parts are sealed by sealing rings to prevent gas leakage, ensure smooth gas flow, avoid increasing airflow resistance due to too thin pipeline, further protect the gas transmission efficiency, and the air outlet pipe 702 corresponds to the gas injection part, which is a flat nozzle structure with a contraction cavity. The nozzle outlet direction is obliquely aligned with the joint area of the surface of the hollow cylinder 301 and the second discharge port 105. The contraction cavity design of the air outlet pipe 702 can compress the gas delivered by the shunt pipe 703 to increase the outlet airflow velocity and form a high-speed directional airflow. Compared with the ordinary nozzle without contraction cavity, the compressed airflow can more accurately and powerfully act on the metal impurities, ensuring that the impurities are quickly blown to the second discharge port 105, avoiding the problem that the dispersed airflow causes the impurities to fall to the bottom of the separation cavity 103; the injection area of the air outlet pipe 702 completely corresponds to the gap position of the magnetic plate 303. When the hollow cylinder 301 rotates, the metal impurities adsorbed on its surface move to the gap of the magnetic plate 303, at which time the impurities lose the magnetic adsorption force and are in a detachable state. At this moment, the air outlet pipe 702 sprays high-speed airflow directly on the impurities in this area, blowing them to the inlet of the second discharge port 105. The synchronous and collaborative design of magnetic failure and airflow injection avoids the free falling of impurities after losing adsorption, and prevents the mixing of impurities and already-removed-impurities to cause secondary pollution. Compared with the traditional manual cleaning or mechanical scraping method, the impurity removal efficiency is greatly improved, and the mechanical scraping method can avoid scratching the surface of the hollow cylinder 301, thereby protecting the service life of the hollow cylinder 301. At the same time, the airflow injection will not disturb the fly ash, avoiding the mixing of already-removed-impurities with impurities, and ensuring the purity of the output fly ash.

[0033] Referring to Figure 3 The upper inner wall of the separation cavity 103 is fixedly connected with a baffle plate 9, and the bottom of the baffle plate 9 is attached to the upper surface center of the hollow cylinder 301. When the hollow cylinder 301 rotates, the baffle plate 9 can scrape the fly ash attached to the surface of the hollow cylinder 301. The magnetic plate 303 is provided with a gap near the second discharge port 105.

[0034] In this embodiment, it needs to be specifically pointed out that: the four corners of the Dingzi plate 9 are fixed and installed by bolts, and the surface of the bolt is installed with a spring. The broken fly ash falling from the channel 102 first enters the falling area above the hollow cylinder 301, is physically blocked by the Dingzi plate 9, and the fly ash cannot directly flow to the second discharge port 105 of the side wall of the separation cavity 103. It can only slide down along the surface of the hollow cylinder 301, avoid the centrifugal force generated by the airflow disturbance or the rotation of the hollow cylinder 301, and diffuse disorderly to the vicinity of the inlet of the second discharge port 105, causing the second discharge port 105 to appear the problem of mixed discharge of fly ash, ensuring that the pure fly ash after impurity removal can be unidirectionally gathered to the bottom of the separation cavity 103, and finally enter the spiral conveyor 8 through the first discharge port 104, ensuring the purity of the raw material in the subsequent mixing process; the metal impurities are attached to the surface of the hollow cylinder 301 due to the adsorption of the magnetic plate 303, and rotate synchronously with the hollow cylinder 301. The existence of the Dingzi plate 9 can block the flow and scour of fly ash on the surface of the hollow cylinder 301. If there is no Dingzi plate 9 to block it, a large amount of fly ash will quickly slide down along the surface of the hollow cylinder 301, which may impact the attached metal impurities, causing part of the impurities to be detached from the surface of the hollow cylinder 301 in advance, falling to the bottom of the separation cavity 103 and mixing with the fly ash, reducing the impurity removal efficiency; the Dingzi plate 9 blocks the disorderly flow of fly ash, provides a stable environment for the metal impurities to rotate along the hollow cylinder 301, and ensures that the impurities can accurately move to the gap of the magnetic plate 303, and then cooperate with the high-speed airflow blowing of the air blowing mechanism 7 to smoothly enter the second discharge port 105 and complete the discharge.

[0035] Referring to Figures 9-12The mixing mechanism 6 comprises a support frame 601, two spiral mixers 602, a driving assembly and a power transmission assembly. The support frame 601 is rotationally connected to the upper inner wall of the mixing hopper 5. The spiral mixers 602 are rotationally arranged at the two side ends of the support frame 601. The ends of the two spiral mixers 602 gradually approach the third discharge port 503. The driving assembly comprises a second motor 607 and a fourth bevel gear 608. The second motor 607 is fixedly connected to the top of the mixing hopper 5. The fourth bevel gear 608 is fixedly connected to the output end of the second motor 607. The power transmission assembly transmits the power of the second motor 607 to the support frame 601 and the two spiral mixers 602 through gear meshing. The power transmission assembly comprises a first bevel gear 609, a second bevel gear 6010, a third bevel gear 6011 and an inner shaft 6012. The first bevel gear 609 is fixedly connected to the center upper end of the support frame 601. The inner shaft 6012 is rotationally connected to the inner core of the first bevel gear 609. The third bevel gear 6011 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the inner shaft 6012. The second bevel gear 6010 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the inner shaft 6012. The fourth bevel gear 608 is meshed between the first bevel gear 609 and the second bevel gear 6010. Two radial shafts 604 are rotationally arranged in the support frame 601. The two radial shafts 604 are fixedly connected to the third bevel gears 606 at the approaching end. The two third bevel gears 606 are meshed with the third bevel gear 6011. The two radial shafts 604 are fixedly connected to the second bevel gears 605 at the opposite end. The shaft ends of the two spiral mixers 602 are fixedly connected to the first bevel gears 603. The first bevel gears 603 are meshed with the corresponding second bevel gears 605.

[0036] In this embodiment, it needs to be specifically pointed out that: the support frame 601 is made of high-strength alloy steel, which is connected to the upper inner wall of the mixing hopper 5 through a ball bearing, and its core function is to provide an installation carrier and a revolution support for the spiral stirrer 602. The support frame 601 is designed as an inverted U-shaped frame structure, with bearing mounting holes reserved at both ends to ensure that the spiral stirrer 602 can rotate stably. At the same time, the central area of the support frame 601 reserves space for the power transmission assembly to realize precise docking with the driving assembly and avoid power transmission jamming. The spiral stirrer 602, as a direct stirring component, has helical stirring blades welded on its shaft surface. The blades are made of wear-resistant manganese steel, which can withstand the friction loss of hard materials such as sand and gravel. Two spiral stirrers 602 are respectively arranged at both ends of the support frame 601 through bearing rotation, and the ends gradually approach the third discharge port 503. This inclined downward installation angle design can cover the entire space of the mixing hopper from top to bottom, especially for the area where materials are prone to be left at the bottom of the mixing hopper. Through the pushing and stirring of the spiral blades, material deposition and caking are avoided. When working, the second motor 607 drives the fourth small bevel gear 608 to rotate, which in turn drives the first and second large bevel gears 609 and 6010 to rotate simultaneously. Since the first large bevel gear 609 is fixedly connected with the support frame 601, the rotation of the first large bevel gear 609 directly drives the support frame 601 to revolve around the center axis of the mixing hopper. During the revolution of the support frame 601, the spiral stirrers 602 at both ends of the frame rotate synchronously around the inner wall of the mixing hopper, covering the entire horizontal space of the mixing hopper and avoiding the stirring dead angle existing in traditional single-shaft stirring. The second large bevel gear 6010 synchronously drives the third large bevel gear 6011 at the lower end to rotate through the inner shaft 6012. The third large bevel gear 6011 meshes with the two third small bevel gears 606, transmitting power to the third small bevel gears 606. Since the third small bevel gears 606 are fixedly connected with the radial shaft 604, the radial shaft 604 is driven to rotate around its own axis. The second small bevel gear 605 at the other end of the radial shaft 604 meshes with the first small bevel gear 603 at the end of the rotating shaft of the spiral stirrer 602, finally driving the spiral stirrer 602 to rotate around its own axis. When the spiral stirrer 602 rotates, the spiral blades produce strong shearing and overturning effects on the surrounding materials, fully dispersing and mixing fly ash, sand, cement and other auxiliary materials. Especially for fly ash particles prone to agglomeration, the spiral blades push and rub them to achieve microscopic uniform mixing. The spiral stirrer 602 realizes macroscopic coverage stirring during revolution, ensuring that the materials flow without dead angles in the mixing hopper. At the same time, through self-rotation, it realizes microscopic strong stirring, breaks the material agglomerates, and improves the uniformity of the mixed materials, which is much higher than that of the traditional stirring structure, ensuring the mechanical performance consistency of the backfill materials.

[0037] Reference Figure 1The control valve is used for adjusting the conveying rate of fly ash from the box body 1 to the mixing hopper 5, and the flow meter is used for monitoring the conveying amount of fly ash in real time.

[0038] In the embodiment, it needs to be specifically pointed out that: the control valve is preferably an electrically adjusted butterfly valve, which is fixed on the feeding end or the middle position of the screw conveyor 8 through a flange, and the valve body is made of wear-resistant cast iron, which can withstand long-term erosion of fly ash particles; the valve opening can be accurately adjusted by an electric actuator, thereby controlling the conveying rate of fly ash in the screw conveyor 8, adapting to the material requirements under different mixing conditions; the flow meter adopts an electromagnetic flow meter or a vortex flow meter, which is installed on the downstream side of the control valve and coaxially connected with the conveying pipeline of the screw conveyor 8, so as to ensure stable material flow field during measurement; the flow meter is provided with a high-definition display screen and a data transmission interface, which can display the instantaneous conveying amount and the cumulative conveying amount of fly ash in real time, and provide accurate data support for subsequent auxiliary material proportioning.

[0039] Working principle of the application: The main problem solved by the embodiment is that the metal impurities in the fly ash are adsorbed by the separation mechanism 3, and the high-speed airflow sprayed by the jet mechanism 7 can direct the discharge of metal impurities in the fly ash, solving the problem that the existing device does not remove metal impurities, which damages the equipment parts during stirring and affects the stability of the backfill structure; by setting the driving mechanism 4 to drive the crushing mechanism 2 and the separation mechanism 3 to work synchronously, the crushed fly ash can directly enter the impurity removal link, and the screw conveyor 8 is connected with the box body 1 and the mixing hopper 5 to realize seamless connection of the pretreatment and mixing processes, solving the problem that the existing device operates independently in each process, which has poor continuity, resulting in low overall processing efficiency and easy secondary caking or pollution of materials.

[0040] The specific steps are as follows: A use method of a fly ash backfilling mixing device, characterized in that: S1, equipment inspection and preparation: check the connection state of the crushing mechanism 2, the separation mechanism 3, the driving mechanism 4, the jet mechanism 7 and the mixing mechanism 6, and check whether the power supply connection of the screw conveyor 8, the fan 701, the first motor 401 and the second motor 607 is normal.

[0041] S2, fly ash crushing and impurity removal: start the first motor 401 and the fan 701, the output end of the first motor 401 drives the first transmission wheel 402 and the third transmission wheel 405 to rotate synchronously, drives the second transmission wheel 403 to rotate under the power transmission of the first transmission belt 404, drives the fourth transmission wheel 406 to rotate under the power transmission of the second transmission belt 407, and finally drives the crushing roller 201 and the hollow cylinder 301 to rotate simultaneously; the fan 701 sends gas to the air outlet pipe 702 through the shunt pipe 703, and finally sprays high-speed airflow onto the surface of the hollow cylinder 301; then the fly ash to be treated is put into the crushing hopper 101, the fly ash enters the crushing hopper 101 and is extruded and sheared by the two counter-rotating crushing rollers 201, the crushed fly ash falls into the surface of the hollow cylinder 301 through the channel 102; in the rotating process of the hollow cylinder 301, the magnetic plate 303 in the hollow cylinder 301 adsorbs the metal impurities in the fly ash to the surface of the hollow cylinder 301, and the rest of the fly ash on the surface falls off automatically; when the metal impurities approach the inlet of the second discharge port 105, they lose the adsorption of the magnetic plate 303, at this time the metal impurities are located below the air outlet pipe 702, and the high-speed airflow blows the metal impurities toward the second discharge port 105, the metal impurities are discharged through the second discharge port 105 and collected, and the fly ash after impurity removal slides along the surface of the hollow cylinder 301 to the bottom of the separation cavity 103, and finally enters the screw conveyor 8 through the first discharge port 104.

[0042] S3, fly ash and auxiliary material mixing: control the screw conveyor 8 to convey the fly ash into the mixing hopper 5 from the main feed port 501, adjust the opening degree of the control valve according to the conveying amount displayed by the flowmeter to control the conveying amount of the fly ash; at the same time, according to the preset ratio, the backfilling auxiliary materials such as sand and cement are put into the mixing hopper 5 from the auxiliary feed port 502; then start the second motor 607, drive the first large bevel gear 609 and the second large bevel gear 6010 to rotate simultaneously through the output end of the second motor 607, the support frame 601 revolves under the drive of the first large bevel gear 609, drives the two spiral mixers 602 to revolve, and at the same time, under the power transmission of the inner shaft 6012, the third large bevel gear 6011, the third small bevel gear 606, the radial shaft 604, the second small bevel gear 605 and the first small bevel gear 603, drives the two spiral mixers 602 to rotate, and fully mixes the fly ash and the auxiliary materials; S4, mixed material output: after mixing, open the valve of the third discharge port 503, and the mixed backfilling material is discharged through the third discharge port 503 for backfilling operation; S5, equipment shutdown and cleaning: after the backfilling operation is completed, first, the first motor 401 and the fan 701 are turned off, and the fly ash crushing and impurity removal is stopped; after the material in the mixing hopper 5 is emptied, the second motor 607 is turned off, and finally the inside of the crushing hopper 101, the separation cavity 103 and the mixing hopper 5 are cleaned to avoid the influence of the residual material clumping on the next use.

[0043] The above merely describes the preferred embodiments of the present application, and is not used to limit the present application, and any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A mixing device for fly ash backfilling, comprising a box (1) and a mixing bucket (5), characterized in that: The box (1) top is provided with a crushing hopper (101), the bottom is provided with a first discharge port (104), the inside is provided with a separation chamber (103), the crushing hopper (101) is communicated with the separation chamber (103) through a channel (102), the crushing hopper (101) is provided with a crushing mechanism (2) for crushing fly ash agglomerates, the separation chamber (103) is provided with a separation mechanism (3) for separating metal impurities and a jet mechanism (7) for conveying metal impurities, the box (1) is provided with a drive mechanism (4) on the side, the drive mechanism (4) is used to drive the crushing mechanism (2) and the separation mechanism (3) to work simultaneously, the side wall of the separation chamber (103) is provided with a second discharge port (105), the gas jetted by the jet mechanism (7) can convey the separated metal impurities to the second discharge port (105) to discharge; the mixing hopper (5) top is provided with a main feed port (501) and a secondary feed port (502), the first discharge port (104) is communicated with the main feed port (501) through a screw conveyor (8), the mixing hopper (5) bottom is provided with a third discharge port (503), and the inside is provided with a mixing mechanism (6) for stirring fly ash and backfilling auxiliary materials; the separation mechanism (3) comprises a hollow cylinder (301), a centering shaft (302), a magnetic plate (303) and an inner ring (304), the two sides of the separation chamber (103) are provided with protruding portions (106), the hollow cylinder (301) is rotatably connected in the protruding portions (106), the centering shaft (302), the magnetic plate (303) and the inner ring (304) are located in the hollow cylinder (301), the two sides of the protruding portions (106) are closed through side sealing plates (107), one end of the centering shaft (302) is fixedly connected with the side sealing plate (107) close thereto, the inner ring (304) is fixedly connected to the circumferential surface of the centering shaft (302), and the magnetic plate (303) is fixedly connected to the circumferential surface of the inner ring (304).

2. The fly ash backfill mixing apparatus of claim 1, wherein: The crushing mechanism (2) comprises two crushing rollers (201) and two straight gears (202), both the crushing rollers (201) are rotatably connected in the crushing hopper (101), and the two straight gears (202) are fixedly connected to the ends of the corresponding crushing rollers (201) extending out of the box (1) and are engaged with each other.

3. The fly ash backfill mixing apparatus of claim 2, wherein: The driving mechanism (4) comprises a first motor (401), a first transmission wheel (402), a second transmission wheel (403), a first transmission belt (404), a third transmission wheel (405), a fourth transmission wheel (406) and a second transmission belt (407), the first motor (401) is fixedly connected to the outer groove of the box body (1), the first transmission wheel (402) and the third transmission wheel (405) are both fixedly connected to the output end of the first motor (401), the second transmission wheel (403) is fixedly connected to the other end of the centering shaft (302), the first transmission belt (404) is in transmission connection between the first transmission wheel (402) and the second transmission wheel (403), the fourth transmission wheel (406) is fixedly connected to the end of one of the crushing rollers (201), and the second transmission belt (407) is in transmission connection between the fourth transmission wheel (406) and the third transmission wheel (405).

4. The fly ash backfill mixing apparatus of claim 3, wherein: The air injection mechanism (7) comprises a fan (701), an air outlet pipe (702) and a shunt pipe (703), the fan (701) is fixedly connected to the side groove of the box body (1), the air outlet pipe (702) is fixedly connected to the upper inner wall of the separation cavity (103), the shunt pipe (703) is connected between the air outlet of the fan (701) and the air outlet pipe (702), gas generated by the fan (701) flows through the shunt pipe (703) into the air outlet pipe (702), and finally is compressed and sprayed out through the air outlet pipe (702), so that the metal impurities on the surface of the hollow cylinder (301) are sprayed towards the second discharge port (105).

5. The fly ash backfill mixing apparatus of claim 4, wherein: The upper inner wall of the separation cavity (103) is fixedly connected with a baffle (9), the bottom of the baffle (9) is attached to the upper surface center of the hollow cylinder (301), when the hollow cylinder (301) rotates, the baffle (9) can scrape off the fly ash attached to the surface of the hollow cylinder (301), and the magnetic plate (303) is provided with a gap close to the second discharge port (105).

6. The fly ash backfill mixing apparatus of claim 5, wherein: The mixing mechanism (6) comprises a support frame (601), two spiral mixers (602), a driving assembly and a power transmission assembly, the support frame (601) is rotationally connected to the upper inner wall of the mixing hopper (5), the spiral mixers (602) are rotationally arranged at the two side ends of the support frame (601), and the ends of the two spiral mixers (602) gradually approach the third discharge port (503), the driving assembly comprises a second motor (607) and a fourth small bevel gear (608), the second motor (607) is fixedly connected to the top of the mixing hopper (5), and the fourth small bevel gear (608) is fixedly connected to the output end of the second motor (607), and the power transmission assembly transmits the power of the second motor (607) to the support frame (601) and the two spiral mixers (602) through gear meshing.

7. The fly ash backfill mixing apparatus of claim 6, wherein: The power transmission assembly comprises a first bevel gear (609), a second bevel gear (6010), a third bevel gear (6011) and an inner shaft (6012), the first bevel gear (609) is fixedly connected to the center upper end of the support frame (601), the inner shaft (6012) is rotatably connected to the inner core of the first bevel gear (609), the third bevel gear (6011) is fixedly connected to the lower end of the inner shaft (6012), the second bevel gear (6010) is fixedly connected to the upper end of the inner shaft (6012), the fourth bevel gear (608) is engaged between the first bevel gear (609) and the second bevel gear (6010), two radial shafts (604) are rotatably arranged in the support frame (601), the two radial shafts (604) are fixedly connected to the third bevel gears (606) at one end close to each other, the two third bevel gears (606) are engaged with the third bevel gear (6011), the opposite ends of the two radial shafts (604) are fixedly connected to the second bevel gears (605), the shaft ends of the two spiral mixers (602) are fixedly connected to the first bevel gears (603), and the first bevel gears (603) are engaged with the corresponding second bevel gears (605).

8. The fly ash backfill mixing apparatus of claim 7, wherein: The screw conveyor (8) is provided with a control valve and a flow meter, the control valve is used for adjusting the conveying rate of fly ash from the box body (1) to the mixing hopper (5), and the flow meter is used for monitoring the conveying amount of fly ash in real time.

9. A method for using the fly ash backfilling mixing device according to claim 8, characterized in that: S1, equipment inspection and preparation: check the connection state of the crushing mechanism (2), the separation mechanism (3), the driving mechanism (4), the air injection mechanism (7) and the mixing mechanism (6), check whether the power supply connection of the screw conveyor (8), the fan (701), the first motor (401) and the second motor (607) is normal; S2, fly ash crushing and impurity removal: start the first motor (401) and the fan (701), the output end of the first motor (401) drives the first transmission wheel (402) and the third transmission wheel (405) to rotate synchronously, drives the second transmission wheel (403) to rotate under the power transmission of the first transmission belt (404), drives the fourth transmission wheel (406) to rotate under the power transmission of the second transmission belt (407), and finally drives the crushing roller (201) and the hollow cylinder (301) to rotate, the fan (701) sends gas to the air outlet pipe (702) through the shunt pipe (703), and finally sprays high-speed airflow onto the surface of the hollow cylinder (301); then the fly ash to be treated is put into the crushing hopper (101), the fly ash enters the crushing hopper (101) and is extruded and sheared by the two counter-rotating crushing rollers (201), the crushed fly ash falls into the surface of the hollow cylinder (301) through the channel (102); in the rotating process of the hollow cylinder (301), the magnetic plate (303) in the hollow cylinder (301) adsorbs the metal impurities in the fly ash to the surface of the hollow cylinder (301), and the rest of the fly ash on the surface falls off automatically, when the metal impurities approach the inlet of the second discharge port (105), the metal impurities lose the adsorption of the magnetic plate (303), at this time, the metal impurities are below the air outlet pipe (702), and the metal impurities are blown to the second discharge port (105) by the high-speed airflow, the metal impurities are discharged through the second discharge port (105) and collected, and the fly ash after impurity removal slides along the surface of the hollow cylinder (301) to the bottom of the separation cavity (103), and finally enters the screw conveyor (8) through the first discharge port (104); S3, fly ash and auxiliary material mixing: control the screw conveyor (8) to convey the fly ash into the mixing hopper (5) from the main feed port (501), adjust the control valve opening according to the conveying amount displayed by the flowmeter to control the conveying amount of fly ash; at the same time, according to the preset ratio, the backfilling auxiliary materials such as sand and cement are put into the mixing hopper (5) from the auxiliary feed port (502); then start the second motor (607), drive the first large bevel gear (609) and the second large bevel gear (6010) to rotate at the same time through the output end of the second motor (607), the support frame (601) revolves under the drive of the first large bevel gear (609), drives the two spiral mixers (602) to revolve, and at the same time, under the power transmission of the inner shaft (6012), the third large bevel gear (6011), the third small bevel gear (606), the radial shaft (604), the second small bevel gear (605) and the first small bevel gear (603), the two spiral mixers (602) are driven to rotate, and the fly ash and auxiliary materials are mixed in all directions; S4, mixed material output: after mixing, open the valve of the third discharge port (503), and the mixed backfilling material is discharged through the third discharge port (503) for backfilling operation; S5, equipment shutdown and cleaning: after the backfilling operation is completed, first close the first motor (401) and the fan (701), stop the fly ash crushing and impurity removal; after the material in the mixing hopper (5) is emptied, close the second motor (607), and finally clean the inside of the crushing hopper (101), the separation chamber (103) and the mixing hopper (5) to avoid the influence of the residual material blocking on the next use.

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